WO2019205558A1 - 一种脉冲水力致裂控制顶煤冒放性的方法及设备 - Google Patents

一种脉冲水力致裂控制顶煤冒放性的方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205558A1
WO2019205558A1 PCT/CN2018/113600 CN2018113600W WO2019205558A1 WO 2019205558 A1 WO2019205558 A1 WO 2019205558A1 CN 2018113600 W CN2018113600 W CN 2018113600W WO 2019205558 A1 WO2019205558 A1 WO 2019205558A1
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hydraulic fracturing
hydraulic
pump
pressure
pulse
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PCT/CN2018/113600
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English (en)
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄炳香
赵兴龙
陈树亮
邵鲁英
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中国矿业大学
徐州佑学矿业科技有限公司
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Priority to AU2018405437A priority Critical patent/AU2018405437B2/en
Priority to RU2019126284A priority patent/RU2704997C1/ru
Publication of WO2019205558A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205558A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C45/00—Methods of hydraulic mining; Hydraulic monitors
    • E21C45/02—Means for generating pulsating fluid jets
    • E21C45/04—Means for generating pulsating fluid jets by use of highly pressurised liquid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal

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  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the caving property of a top coal, in particular to a method and a device for controlling the caving of a top coal by pulse hydraulic fracturing, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining.
  • Fully mechanized top coal caving is a high-yield and high-efficiency coal mining method for mining thick coal seams developed rapidly in China. Mining has become the leading coal mining method for thick and extra-thick coal seams in China.
  • the basic requirements for fully mechanized caving mining are “complete frontage and post-rack crushing”. Due to the limitations of technical features, the pressure on the hard-thick and extra-thick coal seams or overburden working face is relieved, and this pressure is relieved. The timely and sufficient crushing of the top coal cannot be achieved, so the flushing requirement of the top coal is not achieved, resulting in a low top coal release rate.
  • the traditional methods for controlling the caving of top coal mainly include deep hole pre-blasting, coal seam water injection cracking, blasting and water injection combined with pre-integrated weakening, but for hard thick and extra-thick coal seams, these three methods of crushing top coal.
  • Deep hole pre-blasting technology, blasting and water injection combined with pre-integrated weakening technology are involved in the management and transportation of explosives and detonators.
  • the implementation of "one gun three inspection system” and “three-person chain release system” is strictly enforced, and the safety management is complicated;
  • the large amount of harmful CO such as CO generated by scale blasting has a great impact on the safety management of mine ventilation.
  • the blasting and crushing coal pillars are not suitable for the hidden danger of gas explosion induced by blasting sparks; the fully mechanized mining face is generally around 200m.
  • Deep hole blasting in the upper and lower lanes the drilling should radiate the entire area, the drilling is long, so a large number of pyrotechnics such as gunpowder and detonator are required, and the economic cost is high; the explosive blasting usually arranges dense drilling holes within a certain range.
  • the single hole control range is small.
  • Coal seam water injection cracking technology Because the pressure of coal seam water injection is generally about 5MP, the crack propagation direction of hydraulic cracking is controlled by the three-dimensional stress field, and the cracks generated are few and sparse, and the strength of the coal body is limited, so it cannot form enough. The crack, so the effect of breaking the top coal is not obvious.
  • the present invention provides a method and a device for pulsating hydraulic fracturing to control the top coal caving property, which can generate enough cracks in the top coal to achieve the effect of weakening the top coal and improve the top coal.
  • Boosting reducing the blockiness of the top coal.
  • the method is convenient to construct, safe and reliable, and reduces waste of resources.
  • the present invention relates to a pulse hydraulic fracturing control device for top coal caving, including a hydraulic fracturing pump set, a high pressure hose, a packer and a high pressure seal mounting rod, and a high pressure seal mounting rod deep into the bottom of the borehole.
  • the packer is installed at one end, and the other end of the high-pressure seal mounting rod is connected to the hydraulic fracturing pump set through a high-pressure hose, and the packer is connected to the hand pressure pump through a high-pressure thin hose, and the hydraulic fracturing pump set includes a hydraulic fracturing high pressure.
  • the pump and the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump, the high-pressure hose outputted by the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure pump and the high-pressure hose outputted by the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump are connected by a three-way valve, and the pipeline between the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure pump and the three-way valve is provided.
  • a pressure relief valve is arranged on the high pressure hose line between the three-way valve and the conversion joint.
  • a hydraulic cracking measuring instrument is arranged on the high pressure hose line between the three-way valve and the pressure relief valve.
  • a method for controlling hydraulic jacking of top coal by pulse hydraulic fracturing includes the following steps:
  • the first step is to construct long parallel boreholes in the coal seams that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the coal wall; respectively, in the transport chute and return air ducts, parallel to each other, the vertical coal wall tends to have long boreholes I and tend to grow long.
  • Drilling hole II the two grooved holes are arranged in a staggered manner;
  • the second step is to install a hydraulic fracturing pulse pump and debug it
  • the packer is sent to the bottom of the drill hole, and the high-pressure sealing installation rod, the conversion joint and the high-pressure hose are connected in turn, and the high-pressure hose is connected with the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump;
  • the fourth step is to inject high pressure water into the packer by using a hand pressure pump to expand and seal the packer;
  • the fifth step is to open the on-off valve II, open the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump for pulse hydraulic fracturing, and monitor the water pressure change of the fractured borehole by real-time observation of the hydraulic fracturing measuring instrument installed in the pipeline during the cracking process. And the water seepage of the coal wall in the cracking area;
  • the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump is turned off, and the pressure relief valve is opened to separate the gap. Retracting to the second stage of the design, re-sealing the crack, repeating this step until the entire drilling section is cracked;
  • Step 7 remove the packer, install to the next hole, and repeat steps c to f until the cracking of all the holes is completed.
  • the blockiness of the top coal breakage is a characteristic parameter reflecting the cavitability of the top coal, and the cavitability of the top coal is mainly controlled by two key factors: the physical and mechanical properties of the top coal and the mining stress, ie the mine pressure.
  • the invention adopts pulse hydraulic fracturing to control the caving property of the top coal.
  • the principle is that the high-pressure water with periodic displacement is injected into the borehole of the coal seam by the pulse high-pressure pump, so that the borehole wall occurs under periodic fatigue loading.
  • the high-frequency shock wave can activate the natural cracks in the coal seam, re-expanding and expanding the natural cracks, thus forming a complex network of cracks in the coal seam.
  • the hard top coal pulse hydraulic fracturing control technology uses pulsed hydraulic force
  • the method of cracking pre-destroys the macro and meso-structure of the top coal, and then weakens the strength of the coal by cracking and softening, and then relies on the coal-breaking effect of the mine pressure to meet the requirement of improving the cavitability of the top coal.
  • the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure pump is installed and debugged while installing the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump, and the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump and the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure pump are connected in parallel by using a three-way valve. ;
  • the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump performs pulse hydraulic cracking for 30 minutes, then closes the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump and the switching valve II, then opens the switching valve I, and the hydraulic fracturing high pressure pump, through the large displacement pump injection, Further expanding the crack generated by the pulse hydraulic cracking and increasing the crack expansion range;
  • the hydraulic fracturing measuring instrument detects that the water pressure of the fractured borehole is less than 5 MPa or the "sweating" of the coal rock layer exceeds 5-7 min, the hydraulic fracturing high pressure pump is closed, and the pressure relief valve is opened, and the seal is closed. The separator is retracted to the second stage of the design and re-sealed and cracked. This step is repeated until the entire drilling section is cracked.
  • the improved method firstly injects high-frequency pulsed high-pressure water into the coal seam by means of a pulse high-pressure pump, repeatedly impacts the coal seam by periodic high-pressure, and causes multiple cracks in the coal seam; and then uses conventional large-displacement hydraulic cracking to cause pulse hydraulic cracking.
  • the generated crack network is further expanded to expand the cracks between adjacent boreholes, cut the coal body into blocks of a certain size and shape, fully transform the coal structure, destroy the integrity of the coal seam and reduce the strength of the coal body, and weaken
  • the overall mechanical properties of the top coal can make it more fully crushed during the process of propelling the working face, reduce the fragmentation degree of the top coal and improve the caving of the top coal.
  • the cut-hole drilling is first performed, and then the two-channel drilling is performed, and the two-channel drilling is sequentially performed from the cutting direction to the direction of the main road; the hydraulic forces in the third to sixth steps
  • the order of cracking is the same as the order of drilling.
  • the two are synchronized, parallel operation, matching construction speed, and drilling can be constructed in advance.
  • the hydraulic fracturing process adopts segmented retreat fracturing, and the length of the segmental fracturing is 10-20 m; the specific steps are as follows:
  • the hydraulic pulse output of the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump has a pressure range of 0 to 20 MP and a rated flow rate of 6.7 m 3 /h.
  • the packer comprises a front expansion hose sealer and a rear expansion hose sealer, the front expansion hose sealer and the rear expansion hose sealer are arranged in the borehole, and a connecting pipe is arranged between the front and rear expansion hose sealers.
  • the front expansion hose sealing device comprises a hydraulic quick connector, a fixed sleeve, a sliding sleeve, a metal tube, a sealing cavity, and one end of the metal tube passes through the fixing sleeve together with the hydraulic pressure
  • the quick connector is connected, the other end passes through the sliding sleeve
  • the rear expansion hose sealing device includes a hydraulic quick connector 2, a hydraulic quick connector 3, a threaded joint, a sliding sleeve 2, a fixed sleeve 2, a metal tube 2 and a sealing cavity Second, one end of the metal pipe 2 is connected to the hydraulic quick connector 2 through the fixing sleeve 2, and the other end is connected to the sliding sleeve 2; the hydraulic quick connector 1 and the hydraulic quick connector 2 are connected through the communication pipe, and the high-pressure thin hose passes through one end.
  • the fixing sleeve is connected to the front expansion hose sealing device, and the other end is sequentially passed through the fixing sleeve 2, the sealing cavity 2, the sliding sleeve 2 and the threaded joint are connected to the external end hand pump; when the manual pump is pressed, the capsule sealing is performed.
  • Device The radial expansion and the longitudinal contraction, the sliding sleeve 1 and the sliding sleeve 2 can slide freely on the metal pipe 1 and the metal pipe 2 respectively; the connecting pipe is provided with a through hole for discharging high pressure water to cause the rock mass to be cracked.
  • the pulsed hydraulic cracking top coal weakening technology adopted by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • pulsed hydraulic fracturing can generate more hydraulic cracks in the coal seam, activate the primary cracks in the coal seam, form a complex fracture network in the coal body to cut the coal body, fully weaken the top coal, and improve the top coal caving. Sexuality, reducing the blockiness of the top coal;
  • the top coal caving method is simple, convenient in construction, safe and reliable, which is conducive to improving the caving rate of top coal in fully mechanized caving face and reducing waste of resources, and has wide practicality.
  • FIG. 1 is a device and a construction drawing of a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a drilling arrangement diagram of the method of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line 1-1 of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 3;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a packer
  • the average thickness of a coal seam is 7.5m
  • the direct top is pebbly coarse sandstone, sometimes mudstone and sandy mudstone, with an average thickness of 6.32m
  • the old roof is coarse sandstone with an average thickness of 4.06.
  • the direct bottom is siltstone, with an average thickness of 2.10m.
  • the working face is cut: the rectangular roadway is supported by anchor, net and cable.
  • the net width is 8.5m
  • the net height is 3.2m
  • the net sectional area is 27.2m 2 .
  • the working face transports along the trough: the rectangular roadway is supported by anchor, net and cable.
  • the net width is 4.6m
  • the net height is 3.2m
  • the net cross-sectional area is 14.72m 2 .
  • the rectangular roadway has a net width of 4.6m, a net height of 3.2m and a net sectional area of 14.72m 2 .
  • the parallel boreholes of the vertical coal wall are constructed, and the opening position is 1.2 m from the bottom plate, the final hole position is 1 m from the top plate, and the drilling length is 50 m. Drilling diameter 75mm;
  • the vertical coal wall tends to be long I4
  • the opening position is 1.2m from the bottom plate
  • the final hole position is 1m from the top plate
  • the drilling length is 105m. Hole diameter 75mm;
  • the parallel vertical coal wall tends to have a long borehole II20, the opening position is 1.2 m from the bottom plate, the final hole position is 1 m from the top plate, and the drilling length is 105 m.
  • the diameter of the drill hole is 75 mm, and the two-channel drill holes are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the arrangement of the borehole should avoid the geological structural belts such as faults as far as possible according to the geological data, and avoid the influence of geological structures on the fracturing effect of the top coal.
  • the hole-cutting drilling is carried out, and then the two-slot drilling is carried out, and the two-channel drilling is sequentially performed from the direction of the cutting eye to the direction of the main road.
  • the hydraulic fracturing sequence is the same as the drilling construction sequence.
  • the two are synchronized, parallel operation, matching construction speed, and drilling can be constructed in advance.
  • segmented retreat fracturing is adopted, and special packers are used for sealing, and the length of sectional fracturing is 10-20 m, according to the actual site. The situation is determined after multiple tests.
  • the parallel drilling of the vertical coal wall 19 is constructed in the coal seam 11; the vertical parallel coal is constructed in the transport channel 1 and the return air channel 20, respectively.
  • the wall tends to have a long hole I4 and a long hole II20, and the two grooved holes are arranged in a staggered manner;
  • the second step install the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 and debug;
  • the packer 6 is sent to the bottom of the borehole 4 or the borehole 19 or the borehole 20, and the high pressure seal mounting rod 5, the adapter 16 and the high pressure hose 8 are sequentially connected to the high pressure hose and the hydraulic fracture pulse.
  • Pump 7-1 is connected;
  • the high pressure water is injected into the packer by the hand pressure pump 18, and the packer 6 is expanded and sealed;
  • the fifth step is to open the on-off valve II and open the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 for pulse hydraulic fracturing.
  • the hydraulic pulse of the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 has a pressure of 20 MP and a rated flow of 6.7 m 3 /h.
  • the hydraulic pressure cracking measuring instrument 10 installed in the pipeline is observed in real time to monitor the water pressure change of the fractured borehole and the coal wall seepage in the cracking zone;
  • the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 is closed, and the pressure relief valve is opened. 9. Re-sealing the packer 6 to the second stage of the design, and repeating this step until the entire drilling section is cracked;
  • the packer 6 is taken out, installed to the next hole, and the third to sixth steps are repeated until the cracking of all the holes is completed.
  • sectional retraction fracturing The specific steps of sectional retraction fracturing are as follows:
  • the average thickness of a coal seam is 9m.
  • the direct top is pebbled coarse sandstone, sometimes mudstone and sandy mudstone, with an average thickness of 7m; the old top is coarse sandstone with an average thickness of 4m and the direct bottom is siltstone with an average thickness of 2m.
  • Cut the working face use the anchor, net and cable to support the rectangular roadway with a net width of 9m, a net height of 3m and a net sectional area of 27m 2 .
  • the working face transports the trough: the rectangular roadway is supported by anchor, net and cable.
  • the net width is 4.6m, the net height is 3.2m, and the net cross-sectional area is 14.72 m 2 .
  • Working face returning to the smoothing trough the supporting method is the same as that of the transporting groove.
  • the rectangular roadway has a net width of 4.6m, a net height of 3.2m and a net sectional area of 14.72m 2 .
  • the parallel boreholes of the vertical coal wall are constructed, and the opening position is 1.2 m from the bottom plate, the final hole position is 1 m from the top plate, and the drilling length is 50 m. Drilling diameter 75mm;
  • the vertical coal wall tends to be long I4
  • the opening position is 1.2m from the bottom plate
  • the final hole position is 1m from the top plate
  • the drilling length is 105m. Hole diameter 75mm;
  • the parallel vertical coal wall tends to have a long borehole II20, the opening position is 1.2 m from the bottom plate, the final hole position is 1 m from the top plate, and the drilling length is 105 m.
  • the diameter of the drill hole is 75 mm, and the two-channel drill holes are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the arrangement of the borehole should avoid the geological structural belts such as faults as far as possible according to the geological data, and avoid the influence of geological structures on the fracturing effect of the top coal.
  • the hole-cutting drilling is carried out, and then the two-slot drilling is carried out, and the two-channel drilling is sequentially performed from the direction of the cutting eye to the direction of the main road.
  • the hydraulic fracturing sequence is the same as the drilling construction sequence.
  • the two are synchronized, parallel operation, matching construction speed, and drilling can be constructed in advance.
  • segmented retreat fracturing is adopted, and special packers are used for sealing, and the length of sectional fracturing is 10-20 m, according to the actual site. The situation is determined after multiple tests.
  • the first step is to construct a long borehole 19 parallel to the vertical coal wall in the coal seam 11; and to construct a parallel borehole of the vertical coal wall in the transport chute 1 and the return air chute 12 respectively.
  • I4 and the tendency to drill the hole II20, the two grooved holes are arranged in a staggered manner;
  • the second step is to install the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure pump 7-2 and install it while installing the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1, and use the three-way valve to connect the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 and the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure pump 7-2 in parallel.
  • the packer 6 is sent to the bottom 4 of the borehole, and the high pressure seal mounting rod 5, the adapter 16 and the high pressure hose 8 are sequentially connected, and the high pressure hose and the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 and the hydraulic fracture high pressure are connected.
  • the pump 7-2 is connected;
  • the high pressure water is injected into the packer 6 by the hand pressure pump 18, and the packer 6 is expanded and sealed;
  • the fifth step is to open the on-off valve II13 of the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1, close the on-off valve I14 of the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure pump 7-2, and open the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 for pulse hydraulic fracturing.
  • the hydraulic pulse of the output of the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 is 20MP, and the rated flow is 12m 3 /h;
  • the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 performs pulse hydraulic fracturing for 30 minutes, then closes the hydraulic fracturing pulse pump 7-1 and the on-off valve II13, then opens the on-off valve I14, and the hydraulic fracturing high-pressure pump 7-2,
  • the crack generated by the pulse hydraulic fracturing is further expanded, and the crack expansion range is increased, and the hydraulic pressure cracking high pressure pump 7-2 has a rated pressure of 63 MP and a rated flow rate of 12 m 3 /s;
  • Step 7 When the hydraulic fracturing instrument 10 monitors that the water pressure of the fractured borehole is less than 5 MPa or the “sweating” of the coal seam exceeds 5-7 min, the hydraulic fracturing high pressure pump 7-2 is closed, and the pressure relief is opened. Valve 9, re-sealing the packer 6 to the second stage of the design, and repeating this step until the entire drilling section is cracked;
  • the packer 6 is taken out, installed to the next hole, and the third to seventh steps are repeated until the cracking of all the holes is completed.
  • sectional retraction fracturing The specific steps of sectional retraction fracturing are as follows:
  • the packer includes a front expansion hose sealer 6-1 and a rear expansion hose sealer 6-2, a front expansion hose sealer 6-1 and a rear expansion hose sealer 6-2. It is arranged in the borehole, and there is a connecting pipe 6-3 and a high-pressure thin hose 17 between the front and rear expansion hose sealing devices; the front expansion hose sealing device comprises a hydraulic quick connector 6-4, a fixing sleeve 6- 5.
  • the rear expansion hose sealing device includes hydraulic quick connector 2 6-8, hydraulic quick connector 3 6-9, threaded joint 6-16, sliding sleeve 2 6-13, Fixing sleeve 2 6-10, metal tube 2 6-11 and sealing cavity 2 6-15, one end of metal tube 2 6-11 is connected to the hydraulic quick connector 2 6-8 through the fixing sleeve 2 6-10.
  • the other end is connected to the sliding sleeve 2-6-13; the hydraulic quick connector 6-4 and the hydraulic quick connector 2-6 are connected through the connecting tube 6-3, and the high pressure thin hose 17 is passed through the fixing sleeve 6-5.
  • the sleeve 6-10, the sealing cavity 2-6, the sliding sleeve 2-6-13 and the threaded joint 6-16 are connected to the external hand pump 18; when the manual pump is pressed, the capsule sealing device expands radially,
  • the longitudinal contraction, the sliding sleeve 6-6 and the sliding sleeve 2-6-13 can slide freely on the metal tube 6-7 and the metal tube 2-6-11 respectively;
  • the connecting tube 6-3 is provided with a through hole for releasing High pressure water causes cracking of coal rock mass.
  • the connecting pipe 6-3 of the appropriate length is selected according to the length of the hydraulic fracturing of the construction, and the hand pump 18 pumps the water through the high-pressure thin hose 17 to the front and rear expansion hose sealing device to inject and swell, and then hydraulically seals the hole.
  • the split pulse pump 7-1 or the hydraulic fracturing high pressure pump 7-2 injects high pressure water into the borehole through the metal pipe 6-7 and the metal pipe 2-11, and the through hole on the communication pipe 6-3 is used for Release high-pressure water to crack the coal rock mass; front expansion hose sealer 6-1 and rear expansion hose sealer 6-2, after water injection, radial expansion, longitudinal contraction, sliding sleeve 6-6 and sliding sleeve 2 6- 13 slid freely along the metal tube 6-7 and the metal tube 2-6, respectively, and a sealing ring is arranged between the metal tube and the sliding sleeve to prevent water from flowing out of the packer, and water is injected until between the two expansion hose sealers The hydraulic fracture of the drilled section is completed; the water pressure is removed, and the two sealers return to the state before the water injection, and can be directly moved to the next hydraulic fracture to be drilled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
PCT/CN2018/113600 2018-04-28 2018-11-02 一种脉冲水力致裂控制顶煤冒放性的方法及设备 WO2019205558A1 (zh)

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AU2018405437A AU2018405437B2 (en) 2018-04-28 2018-11-02 Method and device for controlling top coal caving property by pulsed hydraulic fracturing
RU2019126284A RU2704997C1 (ru) 2018-04-28 2018-11-02 Способ и устройство управления участком обрушения верхней части угольного пласта за счет применения технологии импульсного гидравлического разрыва пласта

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CN201810398499.4A CN108678747B (zh) 2018-04-28 2018-04-28 一种脉冲水力致裂控制顶煤冒放性的方法及设备

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CN113217099A (zh) * 2021-06-08 2021-08-06 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 水力定向顶板切割装置
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CN114165197A (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-03-11 中国矿业大学(北京) 一种脉冲水力裂切煤层卸压增透装置及卸压增透方法
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CN111908301B (zh) * 2020-07-15 2021-03-30 中南大学 一种地下矿石提升方法
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