WO2019187242A1 - 油脂組成物 - Google Patents
油脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019187242A1 WO2019187242A1 PCT/JP2018/036445 JP2018036445W WO2019187242A1 WO 2019187242 A1 WO2019187242 A1 WO 2019187242A1 JP 2018036445 W JP2018036445 W JP 2018036445W WO 2019187242 A1 WO2019187242 A1 WO 2019187242A1
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- ascorbic acid
- fat
- fat composition
- oils
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/005—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
- A23D7/0053—Compositions other than spreads
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/005—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/02—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by the production or working-up
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
- A23D7/02—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines characterised by the production or working-up
- A23D7/04—Working-up
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/03—Organic compounds
- A23L29/035—Organic compounds containing oxygen as heteroatom
- A23L29/04—Fatty acids or derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
- A23L33/12—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an oil and fat composition in which fat and oil-soluble ascorbic acid is stably dispersed in a wide concentration range.
- Fats and oils are known to deteriorate like other substances. For example, it is known that peroxidation substances generated by oxidation of fats and oils not only impair the flavor but may also harm human health. By suppressing oxidation, it is possible to provide health-conscious oils and fats.
- Patent Document 1 describes that the effect of suppressing oxidation and Patent Document 2 describes that the ascorbic acid-containing fats and oils have an effect of enhancing salty taste.
- Patent Document 4 discloses that an antioxidant that is hardly soluble in fats and oils and easily soluble in alcohols is dissolved in alcohol, and then the alcohol solution is mixed with monoglyceride 2-3 basic acid ester.
- Ascorbic acid is exemplified as an easily soluble antioxidant.
- Patent Document 5 an organic acid and / or a salt thereof is added to an oil and fat in the form of a powder and stirred under conditions of 100 to 190 ° C. and 0.5 to 100 Torr (0.067 to 13.33 kPa).
- the manufacturing method of the fats and oils which contain the organic acid and / or its salt which are filtered later is indicated.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method of adding an organic acid salt such as ascorbic acid as a water-in-oil emulsion to fats and oils, particularly as a method for improving the oxidation stability of highly unsaturated fatty acid-containing fats and oils.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 Demand for the effect of suppressing oxidation by ascorbic acid and the effect of enhancing salty taste disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is very high, and it is desired to supply a wide range of fats and oils containing ascorbic acid.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 describe that the amount is limited to several tens of ppm.
- a large amount of food must be added to the food in order to exert the effects of the ascorbic acid-containing fats and oils and fats may increase, and there are many restrictions on food design. The problem arises.
- concentration is diluted with the other fats and oils contained in foodstuff, a desired effect may not be acquired.
- the ascorbic acid content of the ascorbic acid-containing fats and oils can be improved, it is considered that the effects of the ascorbic acid-containing fats and oils can be extended to a wide range of foods, and can be expected to contribute to public health. Moreover, since the content of fats and oils contained in foods is wide as described above, the ascorbic acid-containing fats and oils that can cope with a wide concentration range can be used for any food. In addition, when ascorbic acid cannot be stably dispersed in fats and oils and precipitation occurs, not only the functions required of ascorbic acid-containing fats and oils are deteriorated, but also the precipitated parts have a strong acidity and poor taste, so they are high in concentration.
- the oil composition is a stably dispersed oil and fat that does not cause precipitation. Even in foods using such an ascorbic acid-containing oil and fat composition, the ascorbic acid-containing oil and fat composition can be easily obtained. It must be stable and dispersible.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that the amount of ascorbic acid in the fats and oils is limited to several tens of ppm as described above. It is. In particular, “If an amount exceeding 28 ppm of the organic acid content is added to the oil or fat, crystals of the organic acid are precipitated and it is difficult to contain the oil in the oil or fat.” Ascorbic acid is contained at a high concentration. Was difficult.
- Patent Document 3 is a technique for dispersing an aqueous solution of an antioxidant in oil, and it is evaluated that dispersibility is poor when the ascorbic acid content in the oil is 6000 ppm. Also in other examples, long-term storage stability / presence of precipitation has not been evaluated, and it cannot be considered that it can be applied to fats and oils distributed over a long period (for example, normal temperature 1 year). If the storage stability is poor, the ascorbic acid aqueous solution blended in the oil and fat coalesces and becomes a precipitate, and the function of ascorbic acid is impaired.
- ascorbic acid is added as an aqueous solution (21.4 parts of ascorbic acid with respect to 100 parts of water), and the amount of water added increases as the amount of ascorbic acid added increases.
- the solubility of ascorbic acid in water is 33.3 g per 100 g of water at 20 ° C, and it is necessary to add more than three times as much water to ascorbic acid. It was considered difficult to design fats and oils that are contained in the concentration and have long-term dispersion stability.
- Patent Document 4 describes that ethanol is used substantially as an alcohol for food applications.
- ascorbic acid cannot be said to be easily soluble in ethanol, and only about 2% is dissolved in 100 g of ethanol at room temperature (20 ° C.). That is, in this method, it is difficult to produce fats and oils containing a high amount of ascorbic acid, and even if blended, a large amount of alcohol is contained, so that the use is considered to be limited.
- Patent Document 5 describes that the maximum content of ascorbic acid is 32.4 ppm.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the ascorbic acid content of the ascorbic acid-containing fat and oil, and to provide an ascorbic acid-containing fat and oil that can be applied to a wide range of concentrations that can be used for all foods. Is to provide.
- the present inventors have contained 50 to 50000 ppm of ascorbic acid, and by adding a specific amount of water to the contained ascorbic acid, It has been found that ascorbic acid can be stably contained at a concentration, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides (1) an oil and fat composition containing 50 to 50000 ppm of ascorbic acid and 0.5 to 2.0 times as much water as ascorbic acid, (2) The oil and fat composition according to (1), which contains glycerin and / or a glycerin fatty acid ester, (3) The oil and fat composition according to (1) or (2), wherein the average emulsified particle diameter is 1000 nm or less, (4) The oil and fat composition according to any one of (1) to (3), containing ascorbic acid in an amount of 100 to 50,000 ppm, (5) A food containing 100 to 5000 ppm of the oil or fat composition according to any one of (1) to (4), (6) A method for producing an oil and fat composition, characterized by mixing an oil phase and the following aqueous phase as raw materials, and preparing water at 0.5 to 2.0 times ascorbic acid, Aqueous phase: an aqueous solution containing 50 to 50,000 ppm ascorbic acid with respect to the oil phase, (7) The method for producing the oil
- ascorbic acid containing fats and oils which improve the ascorbic acid content of ascorbic acid containing fats and oils and can respond to the wide concentration range which can be utilized for all foodstuffs can be provided.
- ascorbic acid is stably dispersed in the oil and fat composition of the present invention.
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention can be efficiently and stably dispersed in foods.
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention contains 50 to 50000 ppm of ascorbic acid and 0.5 to 2.0 times as much water as that of ascorbic acid.
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention is characterized in that it corresponds to a wide concentration range from a low concentration to a high concentration.
- the content of ascorbic acid is preferably 50 to 40000 ppm, more preferably 50 to 35000 ppm, and still more preferably 50 to 30000 ppm. In terms of dispersibility at a high concentration, it is preferably 100 to 40000 ppm, more preferably 500 to 35000 ppm, and still more preferably 1000 to 30000 ppm.
- the solubility of ascorbic acid in water is 33.3 g with respect to 100 g of water at 20 ° C. If the ascorbic acid is not precipitated in the oil and fat, it is considered that the water contains more than three times the content of ascorbic acid in consideration of solubility.
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention contains only 0.5 to 2.0 times as much water as the ascorbic acid content. Such moisture content is less than the solubility of ascorbic acid in water.
- water is contained 0.6 to 1.8 times the content of ascorbic acid. More preferably, it is 0.7 to 1.7, still more preferably 0.8 to 1.5.
- water content is less than 0.5 times the ascorbic acid content, ascorbic acid may crystallize and precipitate, which is not preferable. Moreover, when water content exceeds 2.0 times ascorbic acid content, since an ascorbic acid aqueous solution may precipitate, it is unpreferable.
- oils and fats that can be used in the oil and fat composition of the present invention are rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, corn oil, safflower oil, olive oil, kapok oil, sesame oil, evening primrose oil, palm Oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, medium chain triglycerides (MCT), vegetable oils such as shea fat and monkey fat, animal fats such as milk fat, beef tallow, lard, fish oil, whale oil, and hardened oils thereof, fractionation Examples thereof include oils, hardened fractionated oils, fractionated hardened oils, processed fats and oils subjected to transesterification, and mixed fats and oils thereof. From the viewpoint of workability, it is preferable to use fats and oils that are liquid at normal temperature exemplified by palm olein and sunflower seed oil and have high oxidation stability.
- an oil-soluble emulsifier is dissolved in the oil phase.
- an oil-soluble emulsifier is an emulsifier which melt
- the oil-soluble emulsifier one or more selected from polyglycerin ester, sugar ester, sorbitan ester, and monoglycerin fatty acid ester is desirable, more desirably polyglycerin ester, sugar ester, and distilled monoglyceride are preferable, and polyglycerin ester is particularly preferable.
- polyglycerin condensed ricinoleate is most preferred.
- the polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester may be abbreviated as PGPRPG.
- the amount of the oil-soluble emulsifier in the oil phase is preferably 0.1 to 10 times the amount of ascorbic acid, more preferably 0.3 to 7 times the amount of ascorbic acid, and still more preferably 0.5 to the amount of ascorbic acid. ⁇ 5 times the amount.
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention preferably contains glycerin and / or glycerin fatty acid ester. More preferably, it has fluidity at room temperature. More preferably, it does not mainly contain saturated fatty acids.
- ascorbic acid can be stably dispersed at a high concentration, which is preferable.
- glycerin and / or glycerin fatty acid ester It is desirable to contain. Even if it is less than 100 ppm, it contributes to stable dispersion.
- the content of glycerin and / or glycerin fatty acid ester is preferably 0.01 to 10 times the amount of ascorbic acid, more preferably 0.1 to 7 times the amount of ascorbic acid, and still more preferably 0 to the amount of ascorbic acid. 3 to 5 times the amount. As the amount is increased, the dispersion stability of ascorbic acid is improved, but when it is excessive, the dispersion stability is inhibited and precipitation of ascorbic acid occurs.
- a mixer or a stirring device can be used, and the device is not particularly limited, but a device capable of preventing air from being mixed during mixing and stirring is preferable.
- a mixed emulsification apparatus such as a high-pressure homogenizer can be exemplified.
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention preferably contains 0.5 to 2.0 times as much water as ascorbic acid, and is prepared so that the emulsified particle diameter is 1000 nm or less. More preferably, it is 500 nm or less, More preferably, it is 300 nm or less. It is preferable to adjust the average emulsified particle size to 1000 nm or less because ascorbic acid can be stably dispersed at a high concentration. If the average emulsified particle diameter exceeds 1000 nm, the dispersion stability may deteriorate, which is not preferable. In the present invention, the average emulsified particle size is determined by a dynamic light scattering method. In addition, when the emulsified particle diameter exceeds 1000 nm, analysis by the dynamic light scattering method is difficult.
- the method for obtaining a fat composition from a mixture of a mixed emulsified oil phase and an aqueous phase is not limited as long as the water content can be adjusted to 0.5 to 2.0 times as much as 50 to 50,000 ppm of ascorbic acid in the fat and oil. However, it is preferable to perform a dehydration step.
- the dehydration step is not limited as long as it can be adjusted to the water content specified in the present invention, but an example is a method of distilling off the water in the mixture of the emulsified oil phase and the aqueous phase with stirring.
- Various stirring devices can be used.
- an agitation method an inert gas is used so that the fats and oils are not deteriorated by oxidation. The method of making it etc. can also be illustrated.
- a method of dehydrating under vacuum is preferable because it allows efficient dehydration.
- the method of dehydrating under vacuum is to stir under conditions of 50 to 130 ° C and 0.5 to 50 Torr (0.067 kPa to 6.67 kPa) to adjust the water to 0.5 to 2.0 times that of ascorbic acid.
- the manufacturing method to do can be illustrated.
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention can stably disperse ascorbic acid. Specifically, even after long-term storage, ascorbic acid in the oil and fat is uniformly dispersed and the ascorbic acid is present in an unoxidized state. As an indicator that ascorbic acid is stably dispersed, in the present invention, the content of ascorbic acid is analyzed and evaluated. Specifically, after storage, the ascorbic acid-containing oil and fat composition is centrifuged at 2000 G ⁇ 10 minutes, and the ascorbic acid content of the supernatant is measured to obtain an index that is stably dispersed.
- the oil / fat composition of the present invention is characteristic of an ascorbic acid-containing oil / fat composition, and has a taste, in particular, an original salt / acid / pungency / umami taste of a food material containing a taste material such as salt, acid, hotness, and umami. Without changing the taste, there is an effect of enhancing the amount of taste itself, further increasing the appearance of taste, and enhancing sustainability. By improving dispersibility, this effect is also kept high.
- an ascorbic acid-containing oil / fat composition was used to prepare a taste-enhancing oil / fat with a constant ascorbic acid content, and the salty taste-enhancing effect was evaluated as an index.
- the oil and fat composition of the present invention contains ascorbic acid and has good dispersion stability, good oxidative stability can be obtained.
- the effect regarding the oxidative stability of the oil and fat composition according to the present invention can obtain a certain judgment index by the CDM test.
- CDM Conductmetric Determination Method
- the CDM test can be performed using dedicated test equipment (Rancimat). The specific measurement method of this method is also described in the examples. Both are accelerated tests that test at a higher temperature than the intended mode of use.
- the oil-and-fat composition of this invention can respond to a wide concentration range, it can be used for all foods.
- Seasonings such as dressing and mayonnaise, flavoring fillings and spreads such as pizza sauce, cooked products such as margarine shortening and retort curry, roasted stew and curry, frozen food such as fried chicken, cooked bread, sausage, etc.
- the present invention can be used for sauces, soups, beverages, boiled rice binding inhibiting fats and ice confectionery, which have a low fat content and limited use.
- ascorbic acid can be efficiently and stably dispersed in the oil and fat itself with a small amount of addition, it can be used as a high-concentration preparation of ascorbic acid. Since such a use destination does not require a special dispersing apparatus, an oil and fat containing ascorbic acid can be obtained by adding the oil and fat composition of the present invention as a preparation at any use destination of the oil and fat.
- An oil phase part was prepared according to the formulation described in the oil phase of Table 1.
- an aqueous phase part was prepared according to the formulation described in the aqueous phase of Table 1.
- the oil phase part was set to 25 ° C., and the water phase part was blended while stirring at 8000 rpm with a homomixer (TK homomixer MARK II: manufactured by Primix Co., Ltd.). The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes in this state. Thereafter, while stirring, dehydration treatment was performed under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. and 30 Torr (4.0 kPa) to obtain an ascorbic acid-containing oil and fat composition.
- the composition after dehydration is shown in Table 2 as the final formulation.
- Table 3 the water ratio with respect to ascorbic acid was calculated with water / ascorbic acid, and was described together with the concentration of the ascorbic acid aqueous solution.
- the average emulsified particle size was determined by a dynamic light scattering method. Moreover, what the emulsified particle diameter exceeds 1000 nm was calculated
- the ascorbic acid-containing oil / fat composition is diluted with rapeseed oil so that the ascorbic acid content is about 100 ppm to obtain a measurement sample.
- a measurement sample is added to a sealable container, and an equal amount of a 10% aqueous metaphosphoric acid solution and twice the amount of hexane as the measurement sample are added, followed by shaking and stirring. After standing, the absorbance at 246 nm of the aqueous phase is measured. Separately, the absorbance at 246 nm is measured with a known amount of ascorbic acid aqueous solution to prepare a calibration curve, which is used for quantification of the measurement sample.
- the value obtained by multiplying the ascorbic acid concentration of the measurement sample by the dilution rate is defined as the ascorbic acid content of the ascorbic acid-containing fat composition.
- Fat and oil deterioration odor The larger the number, the weaker the deterioration odor, and the lower the number, the stronger the deterioration odor. -The CDM value at 120 ° C was measured before storage. 8 hr or more is accepted. The evaluation results are shown in Table 6.
- ascorbic acid-containing fats and oils that improve the ascorbic acid content of the ascorbic acid-containing fats and oils and that can be used for various foods and that can cope with a wide concentration range can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
よって、アスコルビン酸含有油脂のアスコルビン酸含有量を向上することができれば、アスコルビン酸含有油脂の効果を幅広い食品に拡大することができると考えられ、公共の健康へ寄与する事が期待できる。
また、前記のとおり食品に含まれる油脂の含有量は幅が広いため、広い濃度範囲に対応可能なアスコルビン酸含有油脂が得られれば、あらゆる食品に利用が可能である。
なお、アスコルビン酸を油脂中に安定分散できずに、沈殿が発生した場合、アスコルビン酸含有油脂に求められる機能が低下するばかりか、沈殿部分は強い酸味を呈し、食味が劣るため、高濃度で分散させる場合であっても、沈殿の生じない安定分散させた油脂組成物であることが重要であって、かかるアスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物を用いる食品においても、アスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物が容易に安定分散可能なことが求められる。
(1) アスコルビン酸を50~50000ppm含有し、アスコルビン酸の0.5~2.0倍の水を含有する油脂組成物、
(2) グリセリンおよび/またはグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有する(1)の油脂組成物、
(3) 平均乳化粒子径が1000nm以下である(1)または(2)の油脂組成物、
(4) アスコルビン酸を100~50000ppm含有する、(1)~(3)のいずれかの油脂組成物、
(5) (1)~(4)のいずれかの油脂組成物を、100~5000ppm含有する食品、
(6) 油相および下記水相を混合して原材料とし、水分をアスコルビン酸の0.5~2.0倍に調製することを特徴とする、油脂組成物の製造方法、
水相:油相に対して50~50000ppmのアスコルビン酸を含有する水溶液、
(7) 油相と水相を混合した原材料に、脱水工程を行う、(6)の油脂組成物の製造方法、
(8) 油相に、グリセリンおよび/またはグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有する(6)または(7)の油脂組成物の製造方法、
(9) 水分をアスコルビン酸の0.5~2.0倍に調製した後の油脂組成物の平均粒子径が1000nm以下である、(6)~(8)のいずれかの油脂組成物の製造方法、
(10) 脱水工程が減圧下で行うものである、(6)~(9)のいずれかの油脂組成物の製造方法、
(11) 油相と水相を混合した原材料の温度を50~130℃に調製し、0.5~50Torr(0.066kPa~6.66kPa)の減圧下で撹拌する、(10)の油脂組成物の製造方法、である。
好ましい態様として、本発明の油脂組成物には、アスコルビン酸が安定的に分散している。また本発明の油脂組成物は、食品にも効率的に安定分散が可能である。
より好ましい態様として、従来よりもアスコルビン酸を高濃度で分散させることが可能であるため、油脂含有量が比較的少ない食品であっても使用することが可能であり、酸化安定性を向上させたり塩味等呈味を向上させたりと言ったアスコルビン含有油脂の効果を幅広く、あらゆる食品に拡大することができる。
本発明の油脂組成物は、低濃度から高濃度までも幅広い濃度範囲に対応することを特徴とする。アスコルビン酸の含有量は、好ましくは、50~40000ppm、より好ましくは、50~35000ppm、さらに好ましくは、50~30000ppmである。
高濃度で分散可能な点で、好ましくは、100~40000ppm、より好ましくは、500~35000ppm、さらに好ましくは、1000~30000ppmである。
しかしながら本発明の油脂組成物は、アスコルビン酸の含有量に対して、0.5~2.0倍の水しか含有しない。かかる水分含有量はアスコルビン酸の水への溶解度に満たないものである。好ましくは、アスコルビン酸の含有量に対して0.6~1.8倍の水を含有する。より好ましくは、0.7~1.7さらに好ましくは、0.8~1.5である。かかる範囲内に調製することで、アスコルビン酸の油脂中での分散安定性を向上できる。水分含有量がアスコルビン酸含有量の0.5倍未満では、アスコルビン酸が結晶化し沈殿する場合があるため好ましくない。また、水分含有量がアスコルビン酸含有量の2.0倍を超えると、アスコルビン酸水溶液が沈殿する場合があるため好ましくない。
グリセリン及び/又はグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの含有量は、好ましくはアスコルビン酸に対し0.01~10倍量、より好ましくはアスコルビン酸に対し0.1~7倍量、さらに好ましくは、アスコルビン酸に対し0.3~5倍量である。配合量が多い程、アスコルビン酸の分散安定性が向上するが、過剰の場合は分散安定性を阻害し、アスコルビン酸の沈殿が生じる。
好ましい態様として、油脂含有量が少なく、利用に制限がある、ソース類、スープ類、飲料類、米飯用結着抑制油脂、氷菓にも利用できる。
また、油脂そのものにも、少量の添加でアスコルビン酸を効率的に安定分散させることが可能なため、アスコルビン酸の高濃度製剤として利用できる。かかる利用先においては、特殊な分散装置が不要なため、あらゆる油脂の使用先において製剤として、本発明の油脂組成物を加えることでアスコルビン酸を含有する油脂を得ることができる。
表1の油相に記載された配合に従い油相部を調製した。同様に表1の水相に記載された配合に従い水相部を調製した。
油相部を25℃とし、ホモミクサー(TKホモミクサーMARKII:プライミクス株製)にて8000rpmで攪拌しながら、水相部を配合した。この状態で、10分間攪拌した。その後、攪拌しながら、60℃、30Torr(4.0kPa)減圧下にて脱水処理を行い、アスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物を得た。
脱水処理後の組成を表2に最終配合として記載した。
表3で水/アスコルビン酸にてアスコルビン酸に対する水分比率を算出し、アスコルビン酸水溶液濃度とともに記載した。
・油脂として、不二製油製「菜種白絞油」およびパームオレイン「パームエースN」を用いた。
・油溶性乳化剤には、阪本薬品工業株式会社製ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステル「CRS-75」を用いた。
・アスコルビン酸には、和光純薬工業株式会社製、商品名:L-アスコルビン酸、純度:99.5%を用いた。
・グリセリンには、キシダ化学製「食品添加物グリセリン」を用いた。
・水溶性乳化剤には、理研ビタミン株式会社製デカグリセリンモノオレイン酸エステル「ポエムJ-0381V」HLB=14.0を用いた。
次に、作製した油脂組成物を評価した。
動的光散乱法によって平均乳化粒子径を求めた。また、乳化粒子径が1000nmを超えるものは、レーザー回折法にて求めた。評価結果を表4に記載した。
基準油脂分析試験法(2.5.1.2-1996)の「安定性試験」のCDM試験(定義:試料を反応容器で120℃で加熱しながら、清浄空気を送り込む。酸化により生成した揮発性分解物を水中に捕集し、水の伝導率が急激に変化する折曲点までの時間をいう)により、CDM値を求め評価した。
評価結果を表4に記載した。
アスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物をアスコルビン酸含量が100ppm程度となるように、菜種油で希釈し、測定用サンプルとする。
密閉可能な容器中に測定用サンプルを加え、更に等量の10%メタリン酸水溶液と測定用サンプルの2倍量のヘキサンを加え、振とう攪拌を行う。
静置後水相部の246nmの吸光度を測定する。
別途既知量のアスコルビン酸水溶液により246nmの吸光度を測定し検量線を作製し測定用サンプルの定量に使用する。
測定用サンプルのアスコルビン酸濃度に希釈率を乗じた値をアスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物のアスコルビン酸含量とする。
・アスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物 91gを100mlガラス瓶に入れ、密封する。
・該ガラス瓶を、暗所25℃にて180日間保存する。
・保存後のアスコルビン酸含量を測定する。
・アスコルビン酸保存での残存率(%)=保存後のアスコルビン酸含量/作成後のアスコルビン酸含量。
・保存後に、沈殿の有無を確認し、沈殿の無いものを「良好」、あるものを「不良」とする。
・保存後に、アスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物を2000Gx10分の遠心操作を行い、上清のアスコルビン酸含量を測定する。
・アスコルビン酸分上清への残存率(%)=保存後の上清のアスコルビン酸含量/保存後の全体のアスコルビン酸含量を評価し、80%以上残存を良好とする。
評価結果を表4に記載した。
実施例1~実施例13の油脂組成物は、保存前後に沈殿は確認されず、また、アスコルビン酸上清への残存率は80%を超えており、保存後の分散安定性は良好であった。対して、特許文献3に類似する比較例7をはじめ、水分をアスコルビン酸の0.5~2.0倍に調製しないものにあっては、保存後の分散安定性は不良であった。
保存後のアスコルビン酸含量を基準とし、アスコルビン酸含量が5ppmとなるように、保存後のアスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物と菜種油を、表5の配合率%に従って混合し、呈味増強油脂を調製する。
じゃがいも(北海道産男爵芋)を用い、じゃがいもを2mmでスライスした後、3%食塩水に一晩浸漬、水気を紙タオルで拭き取った後、電子レンジで水分を除去し乾燥ポテトチップスを作製した。
ついで、乾燥ポテトチップス 80部に呈味増強油脂 20部をスプレーし、ノンフライポテトチップスを作製した。4名のパネラ-による官能評価により行い、菜種油使用区(無添加区)と対比し、塩味を強く感じるものを「良好」とし、同等以下に感じるものを「不良」とした。
評価結果を表5に記載した。
実施例1~実施例13の油脂組成物は、呈味増強効果を有していた。
保存後のアスコルビン酸含量を基準とし、アスコルビン酸含量が90ppmとなるように、保存後のアスコルビン酸含有油脂組成物と菜種油を、表6記載の配合量で混合し菜種油調製品を作製した。
・菜種油調製品 50gを100mlガラス瓶に入れ、密封する。
・該ガラス瓶を、暗所60℃にて14日間保存する。
・保存後に、過酸化物価(POV)の測定及び、風味評価を行う。風味の評価項目を油脂の劣化臭とし、4名のパネラ-による10段階での官能評価により行った。
評価点数6以上の評価となった油脂を良好と判断した。
油脂劣化臭:数字が大きい方が劣化臭が弱く、数字が小さい方が劣化臭が強い。
・保存前に120℃でのCDM値を測定した。8hr以上を合格とする。
評価結果を表6に記載した。
・本発明の油脂組成物を希釈した菜種油調製品においても、良好な酸化安定性を示した。
・評価結果より、本発明の油脂組成物は、幅広い濃度範囲に対応できることが明らかである。
よって、あらゆる油脂含有量の食品であっても、アスコルビン酸濃度範囲を最適に調製した本発明の油脂組成物を加えることでアスコルビン酸を含有し、酸化安定性を向上した食品や、呈味増強した食品を得ることが可能である。
Claims (11)
- アスコルビン酸を50~50000ppm含有し、アスコルビン酸の0.5~2.0倍の水を含有する油脂組成物。
- グリセリン及び/又はグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有する請求項1に記載の油脂組成物。
- 平均乳化粒子径が1000nm以下である請求項1又は請求項2に記載の油脂組成物。
- アスコルビン酸を100~50000ppm含有する、請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の油脂組成物。
- 請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の油脂組成物を、100~5000ppm含有する食品。
- 油相及び下記水相を混合して原材料とし、水分をアスコルビン酸の0.5~2.0倍に調製することを特徴とする、油脂組成物の製造方法。
水相:油相に対して50~50000ppmのアスコルビン酸を含有する水溶液。 - 油相と水相を混合した原材料に、脱水工程を行う、請求項6に記載の油脂組成物の製造方法。
- 油相に、グリセリン及び/又はグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを含有する請求項6又は請求項7に記載の油脂組成物の製造方法。
- 水分をアスコルビン酸の0.5~2.0倍に調製した後の油脂組成物の平均粒子径が1000nm以下である、請求項6~請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の油脂組成物の製造方法。
- 脱水工程が減圧下で行うものである、請求項6~請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の油脂組成物の製造方法。
- 油相と水相を混合した原材料の温度を50~130℃に調製し、0.5~50Torr(0.066kPa~6.66kPa)の減圧下で撹拌する、請求項10に記載の油脂組成物の製造方法。
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