WO2019052189A1 - 电动汽车的自动换电*** - Google Patents

电动汽车的自动换电*** Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019052189A1
WO2019052189A1 PCT/CN2018/084885 CN2018084885W WO2019052189A1 WO 2019052189 A1 WO2019052189 A1 WO 2019052189A1 CN 2018084885 W CN2018084885 W CN 2018084885W WO 2019052189 A1 WO2019052189 A1 WO 2019052189A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
battery pack
unit
lifting
changing system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/084885
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林海岩
李楠
田小涛
丁习坤
马永跃
Original Assignee
上海蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 上海蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP18856627.7A priority Critical patent/EP3683108A4/en
Publication of WO2019052189A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019052189A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/37—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles using optical position determination, e.g. using cameras
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of battery replacement technology for electric vehicles, and more particularly to an automatic power exchange system for an electric vehicle.
  • Electric vehicles can drive vehicles through the electrical energy stored in the battery, reducing the dependence of vehicles on fossil energy, and is an important means to solve national energy security problems.
  • Power battery is the core of electric vehicles, and power battery life is the focus of users and enterprises. Therefore, how to quickly and easily supplement the power battery into an important factor for the use and promotion of electric vehicles, and the current battery charging technology can not achieve the same charging in a few minutes, so the replacement of the battery has become an efficient and convenient electric vehicle electric energy. Supplementary method.
  • the existing automatic power-changing system is mostly an embedded automatic power-changing system, and the whole electric-changing trolley is arranged below the ground. Only one slot is left above the ground for the battery replacement at the bottom of the slot.
  • Such an automatic power-changing station cannot be moved, and needs advanced sexual civil construction, high construction cost, inconvenient to maintain, generally used indoors, can not work in outdoor bad weather, the scope of application is small.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic power changing system for an electric vehicle, which is composed of various parts which are small in size, light in weight, easy to install and convenient to transport, and the whole system has a simple and safe structure. Reliable, easy to operate, easy to implement, can be widely promoted in various places.
  • an automatic power changing system for an electric vehicle including:
  • a power exchange platform for supporting and positioning the vehicle
  • a lifting device disposed on the power exchange platform for lifting the vehicle to a first preset height, wherein the first preset height is a height from the power exchange platform when the vehicle is switched on;
  • a battery pack management device disposed on one side of the power exchange platform for receiving a power battery pack and providing a full battery pack
  • a guide rail one end of which extends into the power exchange platform, and the other end of which extends to the battery pack management device;
  • the electric change trolley is disposed on the guide rail and reciprocable along the guide rail to complete the transportation of the battery pack between the vehicle and the battery pack management device.
  • the automatic power changing system further includes a control module for coordinating and controlling the operation of each component of the automatic power changing system.
  • the driving direction is the X direction
  • the vehicle width direction is the Y direction
  • the power changing platform includes:
  • a platform body for supporting the vehicle
  • a slope structure disposed at at least one end of the platform body along the X direction;
  • a guiding structure disposed at both ends of the platform body in the Y direction;
  • the positioning structure is used to define a stop position of the vehicle, and to position and adjust the front and rear wheels of the vehicle to adjust the vehicle to a preset power-changing position.
  • the lifting device comprises:
  • a lifting robot arm disposed on the column structure and movable up and down along the column structure in a height direction to lift the vehicle;
  • the supporting mechanism is respectively provided on each of the lifting robot arms, and the supporting mechanism is configured to support a lifting point of the vehicle.
  • the lifting device further includes:
  • a motor driving structure for driving the synchronous lifting suspension chain to synchronously lift the lifting robot arm.
  • the supporting mechanism is provided with a photographing and positioning mechanism for photographing and positioning the vehicle and the electric-changing trolley after the vehicle is lifted to the first preset height by the lifting device, and the electric-changing trolley enters the vehicle bottom.
  • the photographing and positioning mechanism comprises:
  • the photographing unit is configured to take a picture of the body positioning hole and the positioning pin of the electric changing trolley to obtain the photographing data;
  • a calculating unit configured to calculate a current vehicle position deviation according to the photographing data
  • a fine adjustment unit provided in the support mechanism for adjusting a vehicle position according to the obtained vehicle position deviation.
  • the fine adjustment unit includes a driving portion and a floating portion provided in different supporting mechanisms, and is arranged along a driving direction;
  • the driving portion drives the corresponding supporting mechanism to move along the driving direction, thereby driving the vehicle to move;
  • the floating portion is configured to be floatable with the movement of the vehicle, thereby achieving adjustment of the position of the vehicle.
  • the floating part includes:
  • the floating unit is used to float in a horizontal plane
  • the floating unit and the supporting unit realize rolling contact by a universal ball
  • the reset unit is coupled to the floating unit for resetting the floating unit.
  • the battery pack management device includes:
  • a battery pack transceiver unit configured to receive the depleted battery pack delivered by the electric change trolley, and output the full-charge battery pack to the electric change trolley;
  • a battery pack charging unit for charging a depleted battery pack
  • a battery pack storage unit for storing a full battery pack and a depleted battery pack
  • control unit configured to control the battery transceiver unit to receive or output a battery pack, control the battery pack charging unit to charge the battery pack, and control the battery pack storage unit to store the battery pack.
  • the battery pack management device further includes a battery exchange port, and receives the depleted battery pack and the output full battery pack through the battery exchange port.
  • the automatic power changing system of the electric vehicle of the present invention can achieve considerable technical advancement and practicability, and has extensive industrial use value, and has at least the following advantages:
  • the parts of the automatic power changing system of the present invention are independently arranged, and can be used separately.
  • the components are small in size, light in weight, easy to install, and convenient to transport. Therefore, the entire system is simple, reliable, easy to operate, and easy to implement. Modularization and miniaturization have been achieved.
  • the vehicle is coarsely positioned and accurately positioned, which improves the accuracy of power exchange and the efficiency of power exchange.
  • the automatic power exchange system When the automatic power exchange system is used for power exchange, it can realize only occupying two parking spaces, which is suitable for various parking lots and most automobile maintenance stations, and can be widely applied to various places.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic power-changing system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power conversion platform of an automatic power changing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a power changing system of an automatic power changing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack management apparatus of an automatic power changing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a photographing and positioning mechanism of an automatic power changing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fine adjustment unit of an automatic power changing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 6A-A.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an automatic power changing method of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides an automatic power changing system for an electric vehicle.
  • the utility model comprises a power changing platform 1, a lifting device 2, a battery pack management device 3, a guide rail 4 and a power changing trolley 5.
  • the power exchange platform 1 is used for supporting and positioning the vehicle;
  • the lifting device 2 is disposed on the power exchange platform 1 for lifting the vehicle to a first preset height, and the first preset height is a distance when the vehicle is changing power
  • the height of the power exchange platform 1 and the first preset height are set according to factors such as the model of the vehicle to be replaced.
  • the battery pack management device 3 is disposed on one side of the power exchange platform 1 for receiving the depleted battery pack and providing the full battery pack; one end of the guide rail 4 extends into the power exchange platform 1 and the other end extends to the battery pack management device 3.
  • the changing cart 5 is disposed on the guide rail 4 and can reciprocate along the guide rail 4 to complete the transportation of the battery pack between the vehicle and the battery pack management device.
  • the depleted battery pack of the present invention refers to a battery pack that is detached from the vehicle during the power exchange process, and is not limited to a state in which the battery pack detached from the vehicle is completely depleted.
  • the full battery pack refers to the battery pack installed for the vehicle during the power exchange process, and is not limited to the battery pack installed in the vehicle is fully charged.
  • the electric vehicle of the present invention generally refers to a vehicle having a replaceable battery pack, and is not limited to a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
  • the automatic power changing system also includes a control module (not shown) for coordinating and controlling the various components of the automatic power changing system.
  • the control module can be disposed on the power exchange platform 1 to control each module of the power exchange system by means of wired, wireless or remote control.
  • the control module can also be provided separately in the power change system or on other components of the power change system, for example on the lifting device 2.
  • the power exchange platform 1 includes a platform body 11 for supporting a vehicle, a slope structure 12 for guiding the vehicle into and out of the platform body 11, a guiding structure 13 for guiding the vehicle when entering the platform body 11, and A positioning structure 14 for defining a stop position of the platform body 11 and positioning and adjusting the front and rear wheels of the vehicle to adjust the vehicle to a preset power-changing position.
  • the platform body 11 is used to support the vehicle for the vehicle to travel to the power-changing position.
  • the gap between the components in the platform body 11 can be filled with a FRP grating, which can ensure the smooth running of the vehicle into the power exchange platform 1 and reduce the weight of the power exchange platform 1.
  • the slope structure 12 is provided at both ends of the platform body 11 in the traveling direction, or may be provided only at one end.
  • the ramp structure 12 includes a ramp body 15 and a rotating shaft 160 that is coupled to the platform body 11 via a rotating shaft 160 and that is turned around the rotating shaft 160 to retract or lower the ramp structure 12.
  • the slope structure 12 is opened, and the slope structure 12 can be retracted at other times to save the floor space of the power exchange system.
  • the guiding structure 13 corresponds to the slope structure 12 and is disposed on the platform body 11 and extends to the slope structure 12.
  • the guide structure 13 includes guide members disposed in pairs, respectively disposed at both ends of the platform main body 11 in the vehicle width direction, and a space between the guide members at both ends is defined as an area allowing the passage of the vehicle, thereby preventing the vehicle
  • the platform body 11 is dropped out of the trajectory during the process of entering and exiting the platform body 11.
  • the guiding structure 13 is a guiding rod, and the guiding rod extends in a direction substantially parallel to the driving direction.
  • the slope structure 12 and the guiding structure 13 can be used together as a reference to guide the vehicle to forward forward.
  • the electric platform 1 is such that the parking position is closer to the ideal position.
  • the front and rear wheels of the vehicle will be positioned and adjusted through the positioning structure 14 to adjust the vehicle to the preset power-changing position.
  • the traveling direction is the X direction and the vehicle width direction is the Y direction
  • the positioning structure 14 includes the X direction positioning unit 6 for adjusting the position of the vehicle X direction and the Y direction for adjusting the position of the vehicle in the Y direction.
  • the X-direction positioning unit 6 includes a groove 61 for supporting the wheel, which may be a front wheel or a rear wheel, and is determined to enter the stop position of the vehicle in the X direction when the wheel enters the groove 61.
  • the X-direction positioning unit 6 is used to support the front wheel of the vehicle.
  • the Y-direction positioning unit 7 includes a front wheel Y-direction positioning unit 71 and a rear-wheel Y-direction positioning unit 72, which are respectively disposed at positions corresponding to the front and rear wheels of the vehicle.
  • the front wheel Y direction positioning unit 71 includes a front wheel push rod motor 711 and a front wheel push rod 712 disposed at both ends of the front wheel push rod motor 711 in the Y direction; the front wheel push rod motor 711 is used to drive the front wheel push rod The 712 moves; the front wheel pusher 712 is used to push the front wheel to move, thereby positioning the front wheel in the Y direction.
  • the rear wheel Y direction positioning unit 72 includes a rear wheel push rod motor 721 and a rear wheel push rod 722 disposed at both ends of the rear wheel push rod motor 721 in the Y direction; the rear wheel push rod motor 721 is configured to drive the rear wheel push rod 722 to move; The rear wheel pusher 722 is used to push the rear wheel to move, thereby positioning the rear wheel in the Y direction.
  • the lifting device 2 comprises a column structure 21 for arranging the lifting robot 22, a lifting robot 22 for lifting the vehicle, and a support mechanism 23 for supporting the lifting point of the vehicle.
  • the pillar structure 21 is fixed on both ends of the power exchange platform 1 in the vehicle width direction.
  • the pillar structure 21 is a double pillar structure or a four pillar structure.
  • the pillar structure 21 includes four pillars
  • the power exchange platform 1 is a rectangular structure
  • the four pillars are respectively disposed at four corners of the power exchange platform 1 At the office.
  • the lifting robot 22 is disposed on the column structure 21 and can be raised and lowered in the height direction along the column structure 21 to lift the vehicle; the supporting mechanism 23 and the lifting robot 22 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the supporting mechanism 23 is used to support the vehicle lifting point.
  • the lifting device 2 further includes: a synchronous lifting suspension chain 24 and a motor driving structure 25, wherein the synchronous lifting suspension chain 24 and the lifting robot arm 22 are respectively connected to drive all the lifting robot arms 22 to synchronously rise and lower; .
  • the motor drive structure 25 is used to drive the synchronous lift suspension chain 24 to cause the lift robot 22 to be lifted simultaneously.
  • the existing lifting device adopts the structure of the screw screw and the hydraulic cylinder, and the synchronization is relatively poor.
  • the invention adopts the motor driving structure 25 and the synchronous lifting suspension chain 24 to ensure the synchronization and consistency of the four lifting points during the vehicle lifting process. Sex.
  • the battery pack management device 3 includes a battery pack transceiver unit 31, a battery pack charging unit 32, a battery pack storage unit 33, and a control unit 34, wherein the battery pack transceiver unit 31 is configured to receive the transport trolley 5 The depleted battery pack, and the full-charge battery pack is output to the electric change trolley 5; the battery pack charging unit 32 is used to charge the depleted battery pack; the battery pack storage unit 33 is used to store the full-charged battery pack and the depleted battery The package can manage a plurality of battery packs at the same time, so that the power exchange operation of the plurality of vehicles can be continuously and uninterrupted, and the power exchange efficiency is high; and the control unit 34 is configured to control the battery transceiver unit 31 to receive or output the battery pack, The battery pack charging unit 32 is controlled to charge the battery pack, and the battery pack storage unit 33 is controlled to store the battery pack.
  • the battery pack management device 3 further includes a battery exchange port 35 through which the depleted battery pack delivered by the change cart 5 is received, and the full battery pack is output to the change cart 5.
  • the guide rail 4 extends in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the vehicle enters and exits the power exchange platform 1.
  • the guide rail 4 serves as a path for the power-exchange trolley 5 to enter and exit the power-changing platform 1, and the extending direction is convenient for the electric-changing trolley 5 to enter and exit and facilitate the power-changing operation, and can be adaptively adjusted.
  • the guide rail 4 includes two rails 41 arranged in parallel with each other, and a rack 42 parallel to the rails 41.
  • the track 41 extends from the battery pack management device 3 to the inside of the power exchange platform 1 for the reciprocating carriage 5 to reciprocate between the power exchange platform 1 and the battery pack management device 3.
  • the rack 42 is disposed at least in the power changing platform 1 for engaging with a gear (not shown) disposed on the power changing cart 5 to accurately control the moving distance of the changing cart 5 on the power changing platform 1. , improve the positioning accuracy of the electric car 5.
  • the rack 42 may be correspondingly disposed on a portion of the guide rail 13 adjacent to the automatic power changing system 1 to accurately control the distance of the electric change cart 5 relative to the automatic power changing system 1; or, the rack 42 may cover the entire The length of the guide rail 13 is used to precisely control the moving distance of the electric trolley 5 over the entire traveling path.
  • the two rails 41 and the rack 42 extending into the portion of the power-changing platform 1 are embedded in the power-changing platform 1 and are in the same plane as the power-changing platform 1, ensuring smooth rolling of the vehicle and controlling High precision, saving time in power exchange.
  • the rack 42 on the electric car 5 can not only enter the power exchange platform more quickly and accurately, but also control the parking position of the electric car 5 according to the end position of the rack, thereby improving the precision and efficiency of the electric change. .
  • the lifting device 2 raises the vehicle to a first preset height, and the position of the vehicle at the horizontal plane may also exist compared to the accurate power-changing position. A certain deviation, therefore, the camera positioning mechanism 16 can be set to further adjust the position of the vehicle to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the power exchange.
  • the lifting device 2 includes four lifting robot arms 22 and corresponding four supporting mechanisms 23 for supporting four lifting points of the vehicle, and the supporting mechanism 23 is provided with a photographing positioning mechanism 16 on the vehicle in the power changing platform.
  • the lifting device 12 is lifted to the first preset height, and the electric changing cart 5 is driven into the vehicle bottom, the photographing and positioning mechanism 16 performs photographing and positioning on the vehicle and the electric changing trolley.
  • the electric change trolley 5 is provided with a positioning pin 51 for cooperating with the vehicle body positioning hole, so that the electric change trolley 5 is aligned with the power changing position.
  • the photographing and positioning mechanism 16 includes a photographing unit 161, a calculating unit 162, and a fine adjustment unit 163, wherein the photographing unit 161 is configured to photograph the positioning pin 51 of the vehicle body positioning hole and the electric changing cart 5, and obtain
  • the photographing unit 161 may be a camera
  • the calculating unit 162 is configured to calculate the current vehicle position deviation according to the photographing data
  • the fine adjustment unit 163 is configured to adjust the supporting mechanism 23 according to the obtained vehicle position deviation, thereby adjusting the vehicle position.
  • the fine adjustment unit 163 includes a driving portion 164 and a floating portion 165 disposed in different supporting mechanisms, and is arranged along the traveling direction; the driving portion 164 drives the corresponding supporting mechanism 23 to move in the traveling direction, so that the corresponding vehicle is lifted.
  • the point moves to drive the vehicle to move;
  • the floating portion 165 is arranged to be able to float with the movement of the vehicle, thereby realizing the adjustment of the position of the vehicle, the fine adjustment unit 163 includes at least one driving portion 164, and other portions in contact with the vehicle are set to float
  • the portion 164 floats following the movement of the vehicle.
  • the floating portion 165 includes a floating unit 167, a supporting unit 168, and a reset unit 169, wherein the floating unit 167 is for floating in a horizontal plane; the floating unit 167 and the supporting unit 168 realize rolling contact by the universal ball 170; the reset unit 169 It is connected to the floating unit 167 for resetting the floating unit 167.
  • the floating unit 167 includes: a connecting post 171, and a first floating plate 172 and a second floating plate 173 connected to each other at both ends of the connecting post 171; the supporting unit 168 is provided for the connecting post 171 to be worn.
  • the through hole 174, the first floating plate 172 and the second floating plate 173 are respectively located outside the through hole 174 and are in rolling contact with the supporting unit 168 through the universal ball 170, and the connecting post 171 and the through hole wall 175 are disposed.
  • the operating method when performing automatic power changing, includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 The vehicle enters the power exchange platform 1 and performs the first positioning of the vehicle;
  • the driving direction is determined by the slope structure 12 and the guiding structure 13, and the guiding structure 11 is driven through the slope structure 12, and the slope structure 12 can be set along the driving direction of the power changing platform 1 according to the user's personal habits or the privacy of the site.
  • the user can choose to drive the vehicle forward into the power exchange platform 1 or into the power exchange platform 1 to further enhance the user experience.
  • Step S2 the lifting device 2 lifts the vehicle to a first preset height
  • Step S3 the empty power-changing trolley 5 enters the bottom of the vehicle, and performs a second positioning on the vehicle, and the power-changing trolley 5 removes the defective battery pack and transfers the defective battery pack to the battery pack management device 3;
  • the second positioning process is completed by the camera positioning mechanism 16, and specifically includes:
  • the vehicle position is adjusted based on the obtained vehicle position deviation.
  • the accuracy of the power exchange is improved, and the situation that the position error is greater than the threshold value causes the re-landing vehicle to perform the first positioning process is prevented, thereby saving the power exchange time and improving The power exchange efficiency.
  • Step S4 the battery pack management device 3 delivers the full battery pack to the change trolley 5, and the change trolley 5 enters the bottom of the vehicle, and installs the full battery pack to the vehicle to complete the power exchange.
  • the parts of the automatic power changing system of the invention are independently arranged, and can be used separately.
  • the components are small in size, light in weight, easy to install and convenient to transport. Therefore, the whole system is simple in structure, reliable, easy to operate, easy to implement, and realizes modularization and miniaturization.
  • the vehicle is coarsely positioned and accurately positioned, which improves the accuracy of power exchange and the efficiency of power exchange.
  • the automatic power change system 1 is suitable for use in various parking lots and most car repair stations, and can be widely applied to a variety of locations. All the processes of the automatic power changing method of the invention can be automatically completed by the control device, no manual power exchange is needed, the manpower is saved, the power exchange process is simple, the operation is easy, and the power exchange efficiency is improved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动汽车的自动换电***，包括：换电平台（1），用于支撑和定位车辆；设置在换电平台（1）上的举升装置（2），用于将车辆举升到第一预设高度，第一预设高度为车辆换电时距离换电平台（1）的高度；电池包管理装置（3），设置在换电平台（1）的一侧，用于接收亏电电池包以及提供满电电池包；导轨（4），一端伸入换电平台（1）内，另一端延伸至电池包管理装置（3）；换电小车（5），设置于导轨（4）上，并可沿导轨（4）往复移动，以完成电池包在车辆和电池包管理装置（3）之间的运送。该自动换电***操作容易，易实施，换电精度和换电效率高，可广泛适用于多种场所。

Description

电动汽车的自动换电*** 技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车的电池更换技术领域，尤其涉及一种电动汽车的自动换电***。
背景技术
电动汽车可以通过存储在电池中的电能驱动交通工具行驶，减少了车辆对化石能源的依赖，是解决国家能源安全问题的一个重要手段。动力电池是电动汽车的核心，动力电池续航能力是用户和企业的关注重点。因此，如何快速便捷为动力电池补充电能成电动汽车使用和推广的重要因素，而目前的电池充电技术无法实现像加油一样，几分钟内完成充电，因此，更换电池成为目前高效便捷的电动汽车电能补充的方法。
现有的自动换电***多为嵌入式自动换电***，将整个换电小车布置在地面以下，地面上方仅留一个槽用于槽底部的电池更换，这类自动换电站不可移动，需要先进性土建，建设成本高，不方便维护，一般用在室内，室外恶劣天气下无法进行工作，适用范围小。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种电动汽车的自动换电***，所述自动换电***分别由体积小、重量轻便、易安装、方便运输的各个部分组成，整个***结构简单、安全可靠、操作容易，易实施，可广泛在各个场所推广。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种电动汽车的自动换电***，包括:
换电平台，用于支撑和定位车辆；
设置在换电平台上的举升装置，用于将车辆举升到第一预设高度,所述第一预设高度为车辆换电时距离所述换电平台的高度；
电池包管理装置，设置在所述换电平台的一侧，用于接收亏电电池包以及提供满电电池包；
导轨，一端伸入所述换电平台内，另一端延伸至所述电池包管理装置；
换电小车，设置于所述导轨上，并可沿所述导轨往复移动，以完成电池包在车辆和电池包管理装置之间的运送。
进一步的，所述自动换电***还包括控制模块，用于协调和控制所述 自动换电***各个组成部分工作。
进一步的，设行车方向为X方向，车宽方向为Y方向，所述换电平台包括：
平台主体，用于支撑车辆；
斜坡结构，设置在所述平台主体沿X方向的至少一端；
导向结构，设置在所述平台主体沿Y方向的两端；
定位结构，用于限定车辆的停止位置，以及对车辆前后轮进行定位和调整，将车辆调整至预设换电位置。
进一步的，所述举升装置包括：
立柱结构，固接在所述换电平台上沿车宽方向的两端；
提升机械臂，设置在所述立柱结构上，可沿所述立柱结构在高度方向上升降，以举升车辆；
支撑机构，每一所述提升机械臂上分别对应地设有所述支撑机构，所述支撑机构用于支撑车辆提升点。
进一步的，所述举升装置还包括：
同步提升悬挂链，与所述提升机械臂分别连接，以驱动所有的所述提升机械臂同步升降；
电机驱动结构，用于驱动所述同步提升悬挂链，使所述提升机械臂同步进行提升。
进一步的，所述支撑机构上设有拍照定位机构，用于在车辆被举升装置提升至第一预设高度，且换电小车驶入车底后，对车辆和换电小车进行拍照定位。
进一步的，所述拍照定位机构包括：
拍照单元，用于对车身定位孔及换电小车的定位销进行拍照，得到拍照数据；
计算单元，用于根据所述拍照数据计算当前车辆位置偏差；
设于所述支撑机构的微调单元，用于根据所得到的车辆位置偏差调整车辆位置。
进一步的，所述微调单元包括设于不同所述支撑机构的驱动部和浮动部，且沿行车方向排布；其中，
所述驱动部驱动对应的所述支撑机构沿所述行车方向移动，从而带动车辆移动；
所述浮动部被设置为能够随车辆的移动而浮动，从而实现车辆位置的调整。
进一步的，所述浮动部包括：
浮动单元、支撑单元和复位单元，其中，
所述浮动单元用于在水平面内浮动；
所述浮动单元和所述支撑单元通过万向球实现滚动接触；
所述复位单元与浮动单元相连，用于使所述浮动单元复位。
进一步的，所述电池包管理装置包括：
电池包收发单元，用于接收所述换电小车输送的亏电电池包，以及将满电电池包输出给换电小车；
电池包充电单元，用于为亏电电池包进行充电；
电池包存储单元，用于存储满电电池包及亏电电池包；
控制单元，用于控制所述电池收发单元接收或输出电池包、控制所述电池包充电单元为电池包充电，以及控制所述电池包存储单元存储电池包。
进一步的，所述电池包管理装置还包括电池交换口，通过所述电池交换口接收亏电电池包以及输出满电电池包。
本发明与现有技术相比具有明显的优点和有益效果。借由上述技术方案，本发明一种电动汽车的自动换电***可达到相当的技术进步性及实用性，并具有产业上的广泛利用价值，其至少具有下列优点：
(1)本发明所述自动换电***各部分独立设置，可单独使用，各组成部分体积小、重量轻便、易安装，方便运输，因此，整个***结构简单、可靠、操作容易，易实施，实现了模块化和小型化。
(2)所有过程均可通过控制装置自动完成，无需人工换电，节省了人力。
(3)换电过程中，对车辆进行粗定位和精确定位，提高了换电准确性和换电效率。
(4)采用所述自动换电***进行换电时，可实现仅占用两个停车位空间，适用与各个停车场和大部分汽车维修站需求，可广泛适用于多种场所。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举较佳实施例，并配合附图,详细说明如下。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例提供的电动汽车的自动换电系示意图。
图2为本发明一实施例提供的自动换电***的换电平台示意图。
图3为本发明一实施例提供的自动换电***的换电***局部放大图。
图4为本发明一实施例提供的自动换电***的电池包管理装置示意图。
图5为本发明一实施例提供的自动换电***的拍照定位机构示意图。
图6为本发明一实施例提供的自动换电***的微调单元示意图。
图7为图6A-A剖视图。
图8为本发明一实施例提供的电动汽车的自动换电方法流程图。
【符号说明】
1：换电平台                2：举升装置
3：电池包管理装置          4：导轨
5：换电小车
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的一种电动汽车的自动换电***的具体实施方式及其功效，详细说明如后。
本发明提供了一种电动汽车的自动换电***，如图1所示，包括换电平台1，举升装置2，电池包管理装置3，导轨4和换电小车5。其中，换电平台1用于支撑和定位车辆；举升装置2设置在换电平台1上的，用于将车辆举升到第一预设高度,第一预设高度为车辆换电时距离所述换电平台1的高度，第一预设高度根据待换电车辆车型等因素进行设定。电池包管理装置3，设置在换电平台1的一侧，用于接收亏电电池包以及提供满电电池包；导轨4的一端伸入换电平台1内，另一端延伸至电池包管理装置3，换电小车5设置于导轨4上，并可沿导轨往4往复移动，以完成电池包在车辆和电池包管理装置之间的运送。
需要说明的是，本发明亏电电池包指的是换电过程中从车辆上拆卸下来的电池包，并非限定从车辆上拆卸下来的电池包为完全亏电状态。同理，满电电池包指的是换电过程中为车辆安装的电池包，并非限定为车辆安装的电池包为完全满电状态。
本发明的电动汽车泛指具有可更换电池包的车辆，并不仅限定为纯电动汽车，也可以为混动汽车。
自动换电***还包括控制模块(图中未示出)，用于协调和控制自动换电***各个组成部分工作。控制模块可设置在换电平台1上，通过有线、无线或远程控制等方式对换电***各个模块进行控制。控制模块还可单独设置在换电***中或换电***的其他组成部件上，例如设置在举升装置2上。
以下分别对所述自动换电***的个组成部分进行详细的描述:
(一)换电平台
如图2所示，换电平台1包括用于支撑车辆的平台主体11，用于引导车辆进出平台主体11的斜坡结构12，用于对车辆进入平台主体11时进行导向的导向结构13，以及用于限定车辆的在平台主体11的停止位置，以及对车辆前后轮进行定位和调整，将车辆调整至预设换电位置的定位结构14。
其中，平台主体11用于支撑车辆，供车辆行驶至换电位置。其中，平台主体11中的各组成部分之间的空隙可以采用玻璃钢格栅填充，既能保证车辆平稳驶入换电平台1，又能减轻换电平台1的重量。
如图2所示的示例中，斜坡结构12设置在平台主体11沿行车方向的两端，或者也可以只设置于一端。斜坡结构12包括斜坡主体15和转轴160，斜坡主体15通过转轴160与平台主体11相连，并围绕转轴160翻转，从而使斜坡结构12收起或放下。车辆驶入驶出换电平台1时将斜坡结构12打开，其他时候可将斜坡结构12收起，以节约换电***的占地面积。
导向结构13与斜坡结构12对应，设置于平台主体11上，且延伸至斜坡结构12。具体地，导向结构13包括成对设置的导向件，分别布置在平台主体11沿车宽方向的两端，两端的导向件之间的空间限定为允许车辆通过的区域，由此，可以防止车辆在进出平台主体11的过程中偏离轨迹而掉出平台主体11。作为一种示例，导向结构13为导向杆，导向杆的延伸方向基本与行车方向平行，在车辆驶入过程中，斜坡结构12和导向结构13可以共同作为参照，以引导车辆正向驶入换电平台1，从而使停车位置更接近于理想位置。
当车辆驶入平台主体11后，将通过定位结构14对车辆前后轮进行定位和调整，将车辆调整至预设换电位置。
如图2所示的示例中，行车方向为X方向，车宽方向为Y方向，定位结构14包括用于调整车辆X方向位置的X方向定位单元6和用于调整车辆Y方向位置的Y方向定位单元7。
其中，X方向定位单元6包括凹槽61，用于支撑车轮，可以为前轮或者后轮，当车轮驶入凹槽61时被确定为驶入车辆沿X方向的停止位置。以X方向定位单元6用于支撑车辆前轮进行说明，Y方向定位单元7包括前轮Y方向定位单元71和后轮Y方向定位单元72，分别设于与车辆前轮、后轮对应的位置；其中，前轮Y方向定位单元71包括前轮推杆电机711和设置在前轮推杆电机711沿Y方向两端的前轮推杆712；前轮推杆电机711用于驱动前轮推杆712移动；前轮推杆712用于推动前轮移动，从而对前轮进行Y方向定位。后轮Y方向定位单元72包括后轮推杆电机721和设置在后 轮推杆电机721沿Y方向两端的后轮推杆722；后轮推杆电机721用于驱动后轮推杆722移动；后轮推杆722用于推动后轮移动，从而对后轮进行Y方向定位。
(二)举升装置
如图3所示，举升装置2包括：用于设置提升机械臂22的立柱结构21，用于举升车辆的提升机械臂22以及用于支撑车辆提升点的支撑机构23。
其中，立柱结构21固接在换电平台1上沿车宽方向的两端。其中，立柱结构21为双立柱结构或四立柱结构，在一些实施例中，立柱结构21包括四根立柱，换电平台1为矩形结构，四根立柱分别设置在换电平台1的四个角处。提升机械臂22设置在立柱结构21上，可沿立柱结构21在高度方向上升降，以举升车辆；支撑机构23和提升机械臂22一一对应，支撑机构23用于支撑车辆提升点。
举升装置2还包括：同步提升悬挂链24和电机驱动结构25，其中，同步提升悬挂链24与提升机械臂22分别连接，以驱动所有的所述提升机械臂22同步升降；确保车辆平稳提升。电机驱动结构25用于驱动同步提升悬挂链24，使提升机械臂22同步进行提升。现有举升装置采用丝杠螺杆及液压气缸的结构，同步性比较差，本发明采用电机驱动结构25及同步提升悬挂链24保证了车辆举升过程中四个举升点的同步性和一致性。
(三)电池包管理装置
如图4所示，电池包管理装置3包括：电池包收发单元31，电池包充电单元32，电池包存储单元33和控制单元34，其中，电池包收发单元31用于接收换电小车5输送的亏电电池包，以及将满电电池包输出给换电小车5；电池包充电单元32用于为亏电电池包进行充电；电池包存储单元33用于存储满电电池包及亏电电池包，且可同时管理多个电池包，因此可连续不间断的完成多辆车的换电工作，换电效率高；控制单元34，用于控制所述电池收发单元31接收或输出电池包、控制电池包充电单元32为电池包充电，以及控制电池包存储单元33存储电池包。
如图1所示，电池包管理装置3还包括电池交换口35，通过所述电池交换口35接收换电小车5输送的亏电电池包，以及将满电电池包输出给换电小车5。
(四)导轨
如图3，作为一种示例，导轨4的延伸方向与车辆进出换电平台1的行车方向垂直。但应当理解，导轨4作为换电小车5进出换电平台1的路径，延伸方向以方便换电小车5进出和方便换电操作为准，可以作适应性调整。
导轨4包括两条互相平行设置的轨道41，以及与轨道41平行的齿条42。轨道41从电池包管理装置3延伸至换电平台1内部，以供换电小车5在换电平台1和电池包管理装置3之间往复运动。齿条42至少设于换电平台1内，用于与设置在换电小车5上的齿轮(图中未示出)相啮合，以精确控制换电小车5在换电平台1上的移动距离，提高换电小车5的定位精度。在另一些示例中，可以在导轨13靠近自动换电***1的部分对应设置齿条42，以精确控制换电小车5相对于自动换电***1的距离；或者，齿条42也可以覆盖整个导轨13的长度，以精确控制换电小车5在整个行走路径上的移动距离。
在图3所示的示例中，延伸入换电平台1的部分的两条轨道41和齿条42嵌入在换电平台1中，且与换电平台1在同一平面，保证车辆滚动平稳，控制精度高，能够节省换电时间。换电小车5上的齿条42既能使换电小车5更加快速准确的进入换电平台，又能根据齿条的终止位置控制换电小车5的停车位置，提高了换电的精度和效率。
(五)拍照定位机构
在一些实施例中，在换电平台1对车辆进行粗定位之后，举升装置2将车辆提升到第一预设高度，此时车辆在水平面的位置相较于准确的换电位置还可能存在一定的偏差，因此，可以设置拍照定位机构16对车辆位置进行进一步调整，以提高换电的准确度和效率。具体的，举升装置2包括四个提升机械臂22以及对应四个支撑机构23，分别用于支撑车辆的四个提升点，支撑机构23上设置有拍照定位机构16，在车辆在换电平台1上定位完成、被提升装置12提升至第一预设高度、且换电小车5驶入车底后，拍照定位机构16对车辆和换电小车进行拍照定位。换电小车5上设有定位销51，用于与车身定位孔相配合，使换电小车5对准换电位置。
如图5所示示例中，拍照定位机构16包括拍照单元161，计算单元162，以及微调单元163，其中，拍照单元161用于对车身定位孔及换电小车5的定位销51进行拍照，得到拍照数据，拍照单元161可以为相机；计算单元162用于根据拍照数据计算当前车辆位置偏差；微调单元163用于根据所得到的车辆位置偏差调整支撑机构23，从而对车辆位置进行调整。
如图6所示，微调单元163包括设置于不同支撑机构的驱动部164和浮动部165，且沿行车方向排布；驱动部164驱动对应的支撑机构23沿行车方向移动，使对应的车辆提升点移动，从而带动车辆移动；浮动部165被设置为能够随车辆的移动而浮动，从而实现车辆位置的调整，微调单元163包括至少一个驱动部164，其他与车辆相接触的部位均设置为浮动部 164，跟随车辆移动而浮动。
浮动部165包括：浮动单元167、支撑单元168和复位单元169，其中，浮动单元167用于在水平面内浮动；浮动单元167和支撑单元168通过万向球170实现滚动接触；所述复位单元169与浮动单元167相连，用于使浮动单元167复位。
如图7所示，浮动单元167包括：连接柱171，以及分连接于连接柱171两端且相互平行的第一浮动板172和第二浮动板173；支撑单元168设有供连接柱171穿过的通孔174，第一浮动板172和第二浮动板173分别位于通孔174外并与支撑单元168之间通过万向球170实现滚动接触，连接柱171和通孔壁175之间设有浮动间隙176；第一浮动板172和第二浮动板173中的至少一个设有复位单元169。
基于上述自动换电***，如图8所示，当执行自动换电时，操作方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S1、车辆驶入换电平台1并对车辆进行第一次定位；
车辆驶入后中，通过斜坡结构12和导向结构13确定行车方向，通过斜坡结构12，驶入定位平台11，可根据用户个人***台1沿行车方向的一端或两端，用户可选择将车辆正向驶入换电平台1或倒入换电平台1，进一步提升用户体验。
步骤S2、举升装置2将车辆举升到第一预设高度；
步骤S3、空载的换电小车5驶入车辆底部，对车辆进行第二次定位，换电小车5将亏电电池包取下并将亏电电池包转运给电池包管理装置3；
第二次定位过程通过拍照定位机构16来完成，具体包括：
对车身定位孔及换电小车5的定位销进行拍照，得到拍照数据；
根据拍照数据计算当前车辆位置偏差；
根据所得到的车辆位置偏差对车辆位置进行调整。
通过设置拍照定位机构16对车辆进行第二次定位，提高了换电的准确性，也防止出现位置误差大于阈值致使重新降落车辆进行第一次定位过程的状况，从而节省了换电时间，提高了换电效率。
步骤S4、电池包管理装置3将满电电池包输送给换电小车5，换电小车5驶入车辆底部，将满电电池包安装到车上，完成换电。
本发明自动换电***各部分独立设置，可单独使用，各组成部分体积小、重量轻便、易安装，方便运输，因此，整个***结构简单、可靠、操作容易，易实施，实现了模块化和小型化。换电过程中，对车辆进行粗定位和精确定位，提高了换电准确性和换电效率。此外，自动换电***1适 用与各个停车场和大部分汽车维修站需求，可广泛适用于多种场所。本发明自动换电方法的所有过程均可通过控制装置自动完成，无需人工换电，节省了人力，换电过程简单，易操作，提高了换电效率。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：包括:
    换电平台，用于支撑和定位车辆；
    设置在换电平台上的举升装置，用于将车辆举升到第一预设高度,所述第一预设高度为车辆换电时距离所述换电平台的高度；
    电池包管理装置，设置在所述换电平台的一侧，用于接收亏电电池包以及提供满电电池包；
    导轨，一端伸入所述换电平台内，另一端延伸至所述电池包管理装置；
    换电小车，设置于所述导轨上，并可沿所述导轨往复移动，以完成电池包在车辆和电池包管理装置之间的运送。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述自动换电***还包括控制模块，用于协调和控制所述自动换电***各个组成部分工作。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    设行车方向为X方向，车宽方向为Y方向，所述换电平台包括：
    平台主体，用于支撑车辆；
    斜坡结构，设置在所述平台主体沿X方向的至少一端；
    导向结构，设置在所述平台主体沿Y方向的两端；
    定位结构，用于限定车辆的停止位置，以及对车辆前后轮进行定位和调整，将车辆调整至预设换电位置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述举升装置包括：
    立柱结构，固接在所述换电平台上沿车宽方向的两端；
    提升机械臂，设置在所述立柱结构上，可沿所述立柱结构在高度方向上升降，以举升车辆；
    支撑机构，每一所述提升机械臂上分别对应地设有所述支撑机构，所述支撑机构用于支撑车辆提升点。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述举升装置还包括：
    同步提升悬挂链，与所述提升机械臂分别连接，以驱动所有的所述提升机械臂同步升降；
    电机驱动结构，用于驱动所述同步提升悬挂链，使所述提升机械臂同步进行提升。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述支撑机构上设有拍照定位机构，用于在车辆被举升装置提升至第一预设高度，且换电小车驶入车底后，对车辆和换电小车进行拍照定位。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述拍照定位机构包括：
    拍照单元，用于对车身定位孔及换电小车的定位销进行拍照，得到拍照数据；
    计算单元，用于根据所述拍照数据计算当前车辆位置偏差；
    设于所述支撑机构的微调单元，用于根据所得到的车辆位置偏差调整车辆位置。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述微调单元包括设于不同所述支撑机构的驱动部和浮动部，且沿行车方向排布；其中，
    所述驱动部驱动对应的所述支撑机构沿所述行车方向移动，从而带动车辆移动；
    所述浮动部被设置为能够随车辆的移动而浮动，从而实现车辆位置的调整。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述浮动部包括：浮动单元、支撑单元和复位单元，其中，
    所述浮动单元用于在水平面内浮动；
    所述浮动单元和所述支撑单元通过万向球实现滚动接触；
    所述复位单元与浮动单元相连，用于使所述浮动单元复位。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述电池包管理装置包括：
    电池包收发单元，用于接收所述换电小车输送的亏电电池包，以及将满电电池包输出给换电小车；
    电池包充电单元，用于为亏电电池包进行充电；
    电池包存储单元，用于存储满电电池包及亏电电池包；
    控制单元，用于控制所述电池收发单元接收或输出电池包、控制所述电池包充电单元为电池包充电，以及控制所述电池包存储单元存储电池包。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的自动换电***，其特征在于：
    所述电池包管理装置还包括电池交换口，通过所述电池交换口接收亏电电池包以及输出满电电池包。
PCT/CN2018/084885 2017-09-12 2018-04-27 电动汽车的自动换电*** WO2019052189A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18856627.7A EP3683108A4 (en) 2017-09-12 2018-04-27 AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHANGE SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710818951 2017-09-12
CN201710818951.3 2017-09-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019052189A1 true WO2019052189A1 (zh) 2019-03-21

Family

ID=64130724

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/084885 WO2019052189A1 (zh) 2017-09-12 2018-04-27 电动汽车的自动换电***

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3689688A4 (zh)
CN (2) CN109501756A (zh)
TW (3) TW201930111A (zh)
WO (1) WO2019052189A1 (zh)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110936832A (zh) * 2019-12-13 2020-03-31 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 一种电动汽车的自动充电装置
CN113401838A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-17 蓝谷智慧(北京)能源科技有限公司 用于电动汽车的调平设备和它的换电方法以及换电站
CN113665414A (zh) * 2020-05-15 2021-11-19 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 电池包取出控制方法和电池包安装控制方法
CN114835055A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-08-02 厦门海辰新能源科技有限公司 自动安装车
EP4173883A4 (en) * 2020-06-24 2023-11-29 Nio Technology (Anhui) Co., Ltd BATTERY SWAPING PLATFORM, BATTERY SWAPING STATION AND BATTERY SWAPING METHOD
EP4094977A4 (en) * 2020-01-23 2024-01-24 Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Group CLAMPING VEHICLE TRACK CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM, ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109501756A (zh) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-22 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 电动汽车的自动换电***
CN109502505A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2019-03-22 蔚来汽车有限公司 车辆提升机构及自动换电***
CN110001601B (zh) * 2018-12-07 2022-11-22 蔚来(安徽)控股有限公司 用于换电平台的定位及升降***、换电平台和充换电站
CN209581426U (zh) * 2018-12-07 2019-11-05 蔚来汽车有限公司 模块化换电平台、模块组件、模块以及充换电***
CN109774674B (zh) * 2019-03-29 2024-05-24 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 换电站及电动汽车的动力电池的更换方法
CN112389260A (zh) * 2019-08-16 2021-02-23 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 用于换电站的换电平台及具有其的换电站
CN110549997B (zh) * 2019-10-14 2021-07-09 博众精工科技股份有限公司 换电站电池更换清洁***
CN111284359A (zh) * 2020-01-23 2020-06-16 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 换电控制方法、***、电子设备及存储介质
CN111231742A (zh) * 2020-01-23 2020-06-05 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 换电***及包括其的换电站
CN115972972A (zh) * 2020-01-23 2023-04-18 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 换电控制方法及***、电子设备及存储介质
CN111231751A (zh) * 2020-01-23 2020-06-05 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 换电控制方法、***、电子设备及存储介质
CN115416539A (zh) * 2020-01-23 2022-12-02 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 换电控制方法及***、电子设备及存储介质
CN114132209A (zh) * 2020-09-03 2022-03-04 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 底部换电方法
CN112026582A (zh) * 2020-09-11 2020-12-04 蓝谷智慧(北京)能源科技有限公司 换电站的换电方法
CN114475340A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2022-05-13 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 换电控制方法、***、电子设备及计算机可读存储介质
CN112886123A (zh) * 2021-01-06 2021-06-01 湖北德普智能装备有限公司 一种电动汽车自动更换电池包用高柔性浮动定位平台
CN112590612B (zh) * 2021-01-11 2022-07-22 深圳市金壤电子科技有限公司 一种新能源汽车电源更换装置及方法
CN112706651B (zh) * 2021-01-19 2023-06-20 安徽东鸥机械科技有限公司 一种基于新能源汽车换电站的可调式汽车进给装置
CN114987405A (zh) * 2021-02-03 2022-09-02 西华大学 换电式电动汽车用双重锁紧式换电***
CN115009081B (zh) * 2021-03-04 2024-07-16 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 双侧换电***及换电方法
CN113183818B (zh) * 2021-04-02 2023-04-18 深圳市亿威汽车科技有限公司 一种多车型兼容的小型换电站
US20220348107A1 (en) * 2021-05-03 2022-11-03 Popion Mobility Inc. Methods and systems for end-to-end infrastructure for supporting use of swappable batteries in electric vehicles
EP4245595A1 (en) * 2022-03-14 2023-09-20 Texa S.p.A. System and method for disassembling/assembling an electric accumulator unit from/into an electric vehicle
GB202212471D0 (en) * 2022-08-26 2022-10-12 Connolly Padraic Powering personal electronic devices

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7602143B2 (en) * 2005-11-04 2009-10-13 Peter David Capizzo System for replenishing energy sources onboard different types of automotive vehicles
WO2010070642A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2010-06-24 Guy German Mobile battery replacement unit
CN105059266A (zh) * 2015-07-31 2015-11-18 谢子聪 基于移动式的电动乘用车动力电池更换平台的控制方法
CN106800015A (zh) * 2017-03-16 2017-06-06 芜湖华炬电动汽车技术有限公司 底盘后置电池箱的纯电动汽车快速换电池***及其操作方法
CN206254980U (zh) * 2016-11-17 2017-06-16 蔚来汽车有限公司 举升式换电平台
CN106882164A (zh) * 2017-03-27 2017-06-23 芜湖华炬电动汽车技术有限公司 电动汽车换电过程中后轮柔性定位机构、换电架、自动换电池***及其控制方法
US20170259675A1 (en) * 2014-04-23 2017-09-14 Tesla, Inc. Battery swapping system and techniques
CN207274645U (zh) * 2017-09-12 2018-04-27 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 电动汽车的换电***
CN207328410U (zh) * 2017-09-12 2018-05-08 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 电动汽车的自动换电***

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU7179398A (en) * 1996-11-12 1998-06-03 Unlimited Range Electric Car Systems Company Battery charging and exchange system for electrically powered vehicles
FR2985484B1 (fr) * 2012-01-09 2014-02-07 Renault Sa Dispositif de montage et de demontage de batterie de vehicule avec cables elastiques pour compenser les ecarts d'assiette de vehicule
CN102735457B (zh) * 2012-07-06 2014-12-24 烟台高易电子科技有限公司 3d四轮定位仪及其测量方法
CN205022557U (zh) * 2015-04-13 2016-02-10 深圳精智机器有限公司 升降装置及换电设备
CN105059264B (zh) * 2015-07-31 2017-08-29 谢子聪 基于移动式的电动乘用车动力电池更换的换电机器人***
CN106379290A (zh) * 2016-10-15 2017-02-08 南通中远重工有限公司 电动汽车电池更换***及基于该***的电池更换方法
CN109501756A (zh) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-22 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 电动汽车的自动换电***

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7602143B2 (en) * 2005-11-04 2009-10-13 Peter David Capizzo System for replenishing energy sources onboard different types of automotive vehicles
WO2010070642A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2010-06-24 Guy German Mobile battery replacement unit
US20170259675A1 (en) * 2014-04-23 2017-09-14 Tesla, Inc. Battery swapping system and techniques
CN105059266A (zh) * 2015-07-31 2015-11-18 谢子聪 基于移动式的电动乘用车动力电池更换平台的控制方法
CN206254980U (zh) * 2016-11-17 2017-06-16 蔚来汽车有限公司 举升式换电平台
CN106800015A (zh) * 2017-03-16 2017-06-06 芜湖华炬电动汽车技术有限公司 底盘后置电池箱的纯电动汽车快速换电池***及其操作方法
CN106882164A (zh) * 2017-03-27 2017-06-23 芜湖华炬电动汽车技术有限公司 电动汽车换电过程中后轮柔性定位机构、换电架、自动换电池***及其控制方法
CN207274645U (zh) * 2017-09-12 2018-04-27 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 电动汽车的换电***
CN207328410U (zh) * 2017-09-12 2018-05-08 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 电动汽车的自动换电***

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3683108A4 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110936832A (zh) * 2019-12-13 2020-03-31 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 一种电动汽车的自动充电装置
EP4094977A4 (en) * 2020-01-23 2024-01-24 Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Group CLAMPING VEHICLE TRACK CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM, ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM
CN113665414A (zh) * 2020-05-15 2021-11-19 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 电池包取出控制方法和电池包安装控制方法
CN113665414B (zh) * 2020-05-15 2023-05-23 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 电池包取出控制方法和电池包安装控制方法
EP4173883A4 (en) * 2020-06-24 2023-11-29 Nio Technology (Anhui) Co., Ltd BATTERY SWAPING PLATFORM, BATTERY SWAPING STATION AND BATTERY SWAPING METHOD
CN113401838A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-17 蓝谷智慧(北京)能源科技有限公司 用于电动汽车的调平设备和它的换电方法以及换电站
CN114835055A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-08-02 厦门海辰新能源科技有限公司 自动安装车
CN114835055B (zh) * 2022-04-29 2023-10-17 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 自动安装车

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3689688A4 (en) 2021-09-01
TW201912462A (zh) 2019-04-01
CN208101947U (zh) 2018-11-16
EP3683108A4 (en) 2021-07-07
TWM575409U (zh) 2019-03-11
TWI788407B (zh) 2023-01-01
EP3689688A1 (en) 2020-08-05
EP3683108A1 (en) 2020-07-22
CN109501756A (zh) 2019-03-22
TW201930111A (zh) 2019-08-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2019052189A1 (zh) 电动汽车的自动换电***
CN207328410U (zh) 电动汽车的自动换电***
TWI782081B (zh) 電動汽車的換電系統
CN109484370B (zh) 车辆换电的提升***
EP3725606A1 (en) Battery charging and swapping station
WO2019114546A1 (zh) 充换电站
CN106891865B (zh) 用于电动汽车的底盘式换电站及其换电方法
CN109501753B (zh) 电动汽车的自动换电平台和换电站
CN207274645U (zh) 电动汽车的换电***
EP3705357A1 (en) Automatic battery swap station for electric vehicle
CN206436985U (zh) 用于电动汽车的底盘式换电站
CN104787011A (zh) 换电装置及换电设备
WO2019052184A1 (zh) 电动汽车的自动换电***
EP3705354A1 (en) Battery pack storage system and automatic battery swapping station for electric car
TWM571331U (zh) Vehicle-changing system
CN114475346A (zh) 一种移动更换电动重型卡车电池的方法
CN109398128A (zh) 具有充电功能的停车装置、机器人及其充电方法
TWM571332U (zh) Vehicle-changing system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18856627

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018856627

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20200414