WO2019011175A1 - 一种存储和传输正负离子的装置和方法 - Google Patents

一种存储和传输正负离子的装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019011175A1
WO2019011175A1 PCT/CN2018/094609 CN2018094609W WO2019011175A1 WO 2019011175 A1 WO2019011175 A1 WO 2019011175A1 CN 2018094609 W CN2018094609 W CN 2018094609W WO 2019011175 A1 WO2019011175 A1 WO 2019011175A1
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electrode
electrodes
voltage
axial
positive
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PCT/CN2018/094609
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵晓峰
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赵晓峰
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Priority claimed from CN201710560923.6A external-priority patent/CN109256318B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710555338.7A external-priority patent/CN109256317A/zh
Application filed by 赵晓峰 filed Critical 赵晓峰
Publication of WO2019011175A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019011175A1/zh
Priority to US16/675,645 priority Critical patent/US11049710B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
    • H01J49/062—Ion guides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/0095—Particular arrangements for generating, introducing or analyzing both positive and negative analyte ions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for simultaneously storing positive and negative ions, which can be used in gas phase ion analysis instruments such as ion mobility spectrometry, mass spectrometry and the like.
  • ion loss occurs during the transfer of ions from the ion source to the mass analyzer.
  • the current common design is to use a quadrupole, hexapole or octopole to form a pseudo-potential well perpendicular to the axial direction, so that ions cannot escape in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • a potential difference is formed by the difference in the voltages of the two axial field electrodes, so that the ions are transmitted.
  • the four-pole, hexapole or octopole currently used mostly uses a solid electrode structure with a circular or rectangular electrode profile, which has a large surface area, resulting in a high capacitance on the electrode and a power requirement for the RF power source. It is also relatively high.
  • both positive and negative ions are limited by the axial field, but the two axial field electrode voltages will cause ions to travel in different directions. Therefore, only positive or negative ions can be transported during ion transport, and ions that cannot be transported are lost. , reducing the detection efficiency. Due to the need to re-enrich and transfer another ion, the positive and negative ions switch longer.
  • the information obtained by obtaining positive and negative ions in a short time is very helpful for sample analysis and identification, which can broaden the range of sample detection and increase the sensitivity of some samples.
  • a variety of mass analyzers can analyze and analyze positive and negative ions, but due to the limitation of the switching time of positive and negative ion transmission, it is difficult to obtain positive and negative ion signals in a short time.
  • the reduced size reduces the RF voltage amplitude requirements, thus reducing the RF power requirements.
  • the ions can be confined to a smaller range and have higher ion transport efficiency when transported to the next stage.
  • the small-diameter ion-guided electrode can also operate at higher gas pressures, allowing ions to cool more quickly.
  • the multi-pole electrode technology currently used is difficult to miniaturize. The main reason is that the commonly used multi-pole rod is cylindrical, and it is easy to deform when the inner diameter is reduced, which causes the center field to deviate from the design parameters and reduce the ion transmission efficiency.
  • Literature (Analytical Chemistry 88(15): 7800-7806) reports an ion trap mass analyzer made using wire. If used as an ion transport device, due to the long distance between the two ends of the mass analyzer, the electric field gradient along the axial direction of the central field is small, which is not conducive to ion transport.
  • the use of a shield electrode also causes light to pass only in the axial direction, limiting the use of the light source. Since eight nuts are used to provide tension to all the wires, it is very easy to cause the wire to be unevenly pulled, resulting in uneven deformation and affecting the quality of the internal electric field.
  • the device operates at very low pressures (0.0006 mbar) and does not effectively cool ions rapidly, resulting in reduced ion trapping efficiency. Therefore, this device is difficult to use for ion transport.
  • the invention provides a device for storing and transmitting positive and negative ions, comprising: a conductive wire electrode for applying an alternating voltage to form an alternating alternating electric field in a vertical direction and an axial direction; and a perforated insulating plate for fixing a position of the conductive line; A fixed stretching device for guiding the wire to provide tensile force; an axial field electrode for providing a limiting electric field in the ion axis and providing support for the wire electrode.
  • the conductive wire electrode is composed of a wire, passes through the perforated insulating plate, and is provided with a pulling force by a fixed stretching device.
  • the fixed stretching device is composed of a perforated bolt and an insulating fixing block with a threaded hole for the purpose of applying a pulling force to the wire electrode.
  • the oppositely-positioned conductive line electrodes are one set, the same AC-varying voltage is applied, and the other set is an alternating-current voltage having a phase difference of 180°.
  • the order of the relative electrostatic potential from one end to the other is a high potential, a low potential, a high potential, and a low potential, wherein the relative electrostatic potential can be quickly switched.
  • One configuration of the axial field electrode is such that the axial field electrode is provided by a set of ring electrodes and terminal electrodes and a DC voltage is applied across the ring electrodes.
  • the ring electrode has a portion interposed between the conductive line electrodes to which different voltages are applied.
  • the axial field electrode is composed of a set of angled electrodes and terminal electrodes at an angle to the central axis, and a DC voltage is applied across the angled electrodes.
  • the angled electrode has an angle of 0 to 90° with the central axis, and the angle electrode has a resistance for forming a gradient potential. At the same time, the angled electrodes are located between the conductive line electrodes to which different voltages are applied.
  • the terminal electrodes are located at both ends, and a pulsed direct current voltage or an alternating current voltage is applied.
  • the axial field electrode is composed of a magnet or a metal, and an insulating sealing member is provided between the electrodes.
  • a vacuum ultraviolet light source is fixed on the axial field electrode for the purpose of emitting the emitted vacuum ultraviolet light into the space formed by the support member.
  • the air pressure in the cavity formed by the axial field electrode and other sealing members is 0.1 Pa to 10000 Pa.
  • a plurality of devices for storing and transporting positive and negative ions can be used in series in order to form a multi-stage gas pressure difference and improve the separation efficiency of ions and molecules.
  • ionization source interfaces are connected to one end of the device for storing and transmitting positive and negative ions, in order to expand the application range of the device.
  • a method of storing and transporting positive and negative ions comprising: applying an alternating voltage voltage to a first set of conductive line electrodes while applying another alternating voltage voltage to a second set of conductive line electrodes for forming perpendicular to the axial direction
  • the alternating electric field changes the movement of the ions in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction; applying a pulsed direct current voltage or an alternating voltage to the terminal electrodes in the axial field electrodes to form an axially confined electric field for preventing ions from escaping in the axial direction
  • the alternating voltage applied to the first set of conductive line electrodes and the second set of conductive line electrodes has a phase difference of 180°.
  • the invention is an ion transport device with low capacitance and capable of simultaneously storing positive and negative ions, which can reduce ion loss and reduce ion positive and negative switching time.
  • the ion transport guiding electrode of the present invention has a good miniaturization potential.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the potential in an axially confined electric field in the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the distribution of the medium potential line of the axially restricted electric field in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a distribution diagram of the equipotential lines perpendicular to the axial section in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of a device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a distribution diagram of the center electric field equipotential line in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6. is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a side elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of another preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the best mode for carrying out the invention is the second embodiment.
  • One of the main design ideas of the present invention is to limit the movement of ions in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction by the alternating electric field of the vertical and axial alternating currents formed by the conductive wire electrodes, and to concentrate the positive and negative ions by the potential in the axial direction, respectively.
  • the ion is prevented from escaping from both ends by applying an alternating voltage or a direct current voltage to the axial field electrode.
  • the amplitude of the alternating voltage or the direct current voltage is lowered, so that the positive or negative ions leave the ion guiding electrode in a certain order.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an electric potential of an axially-restricted electric field on an axial center axis in the present invention, wherein the vertical axis represents the potential level and the horizontal axis represents the axial direction.
  • 87 is a negative ion generated in the middle
  • 88 is a positive ion generated in the middle.
  • 94 is a negative ion storage area
  • 96 is a positive ion storage area.
  • a low potential voltage is applied to the terminal electrode at the left end, which is a high potential in the negative ion storage region, thereby forming a low to high potential 93, preventing ions from escaping from the left end.
  • a high potential voltage is applied to the terminal electrode at the right end, and the potential in the positive ion storage region is at a low potential, forming a potential well to store positive ions.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a potential distribution in an axially limited electric field in the present invention.
  • the left figure shows the potential distribution in the axially constrained electric field, where 70 and 77 are axial field electrodes, and the potential difference formed by applying a high potential and a low potential to the outside of the conductive electrode.
  • 73 and 74 are equipotential lines.
  • the voltages at the terminal and axial electrodes form the potential difference shown in 93, 95, 97 and 98 of Figure 1, thereby achieving the restriction and storage of positive and negative ions.
  • FIG. 3 is a potential distribution diagram perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • the electrodes 310 and 311 are respectively composed of two sets of oppositely disposed conductive line electrodes.
  • the electrodes 310 and 311 are respectively applied with a phase difference of 180 ° ac voltage.
  • 312 is another configuration of the axial field electrode.
  • the axial field electrode consists of a wire that is at an angle of 30° to the axis and has a 200 ohm resistance. A high voltage is applied to one end of the axial field electrode and a low voltage is applied to the other end, and isopotential lines like 73 and 74 and the potential in Fig. 1 can be formed.
  • Embodiment 1 is specifically described.
  • the apparatus includes conductive wire electrodes 15, 50, 53, 25, 42 and 43, perforated insulating plates 11 and 21, supporting axial field electrodes 12 and 22, annular axial field electrodes 14 and 24, and terminal electrodes 13.
  • the conductive wire electrode passes through the perforated insulating plate.
  • the axial field electrode has two configurations. In one configuration, the axial field electrode is composed of a plurality of annular axial field electrodes 24 having a cross-sectional view of 41, located outside the conductive line electrodes, applying different DC voltages.
  • the axial field electrode is composed of a magnet. The magnetic field formed by the magnet can increase the ion transport efficiency.
  • the axial field electrode 14 is provided with an interposing electrode 52 interposed between the conductive line electrodes to which different alternating voltages are applied.
  • the terminal electrode applies a DC pulse voltage with a pulse width of 10 nanoseconds to 10 seconds.
  • An alternating voltage can also be applied to the terminal electrode to form a pseudo potential well, which can also limit the positive and negative ions in the axial direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a plot of potential distribution perpendicular to the axial direction in an axial field electrode with an interposed electrode configuration.
  • the conductive line electrodes 60 and 61 respectively apply an alternating voltage having a phase difference of 180°.
  • the interpolating portion 62 fixed to the axial field electrode 67 is located between the conductive line electrodes 60 and 61, and the applied voltage is an intermediate value of the two alternating voltages. As shown in the figure, its influence on the electric field is negligible at this time.
  • Embodiment 2 is specifically implemented.
  • FIG. 6 is a device diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 102 is a conductive wire electrode that passes through the perforated insulating plates 107, 109 and 111.
  • Different DC voltages are applied across the axial field electrodes 104 and 103 to form the potential shown in FIG. 103 of the axial field electrodes is a terminal electrode, and a direct current voltage, a direct current pulse voltage or an alternating current voltage is applied for the purpose of limiting the movement of ions in the axial direction.
  • the axial field electrode 104 is a set of ring electrodes that form the potential shown in Figure 1 with the terminal electrode 103.
  • the axial field electrode is composed of a magnet. The magnetic field formed by the magnet can increase the ion transport efficiency.
  • the axial field electrodes 104 are separated by an insulating pad 109 and form a sealed cavity.
  • the air pressure inside the chamber is controlled between 1 Pa and 1000 Pa.
  • the insulating fixing block 100 and the perforated bolt 101 constitute a fixed stretching device, and a pulling force is applied to the wire electrode.
  • the vacuum ultraviolet lamp is fixed on the axial field electrode 104 and the insulating pad 109, and the vacuum ultraviolet light is directed to the inside of the cavity formed by the axial field electrode.
  • the perforated insulating plate 111 and the axial field electrode 104, the insulating pad 109 form a cavity, and the axial field electrode 108 and the perforated insulating plates 107 and 109 constitute another cavity.
  • the two cavities are connected in series by a perforated insulating plate 109.
  • Example 3 is specifically implemented.
  • FIG. 7 is a device diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 200 is a conductive wire electrode that passes through the perforated insulating plates 203 and 206.
  • Different DC voltages are applied across the axial field electrodes 204 and 207 to form the potential shown in FIG. 207 of the axial field electrode is a terminal electrode, and a direct current voltage, a direct current pulse voltage or an alternating current voltage is applied to limit the movement of ions in the axial direction.
  • the axial field electrode 204 has an angle with the axis, and the angle ranges from 0 to 45 degrees.
  • the axial field electrode 204 has a resistance of 100 ohms at the same time.
  • the insulating frame 201 and the punching screw 202 constitute a fixed stretching device, and a pulling force is applied to the wire electrode.
  • FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of the present embodiment.
  • 231 and 233 are axial field electrodes
  • 232 is a conductive wire electrode
  • 230 is a perforated insulating plate.
  • the specific implementation method is: applying an alternating voltage voltage to the first set of conductive line electrodes while applying another alternating voltage voltage to the second set of conductive line electrodes, in order to form an alternating alternating electric field perpendicular to the axial direction. , limiting the movement of the ions in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction; applying a pulsed direct current voltage or an alternating voltage to the terminal electrode 207 in the axial field electrode to form an axially limited electric field for preventing ions from escaping in the axial direction; A DC voltage is applied to the remaining electrodes 200 in the axial field electrode for the purpose of separating the positive and negative ions; changing the height of the axial electric field potential and the voltage of the terminal electrode to extract positive or negative ions.
  • Example 4 is specifically implemented.
  • the conductive wire electrode is 83, passing through the perforated insulating plates 80 and 81.
  • the axial field electrodes include 82, 86 and 87, with 86 and 87 being the terminal electrodes.
  • the formed pseudo potential has a component parallel to the axis, thereby repelling the ions so that the ions are confined to the cavity formed by the perforated insulating plate 81. in.
  • the extraction of ions can be achieved by varying the DC voltage applied across terminal electrodes 86 and 87. For example, if positive ions are stored, the voltage of the terminal electrode 86 is set to 0 V, and the terminal electrode 87 is applied with a negative potential to extract positive ions.
  • the specific implementation method is: applying an alternating voltage voltage to the first set of conductive line electrodes while applying another alternating voltage voltage to the second set of conductive line electrodes, in order to form an alternating alternating electric field perpendicular to the axial direction. , restricting the movement of the ions in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and at the same time, the electric field of the alternating current has a partial component in the axial direction, and simultaneously forms a pseudo potential having a repulsion effect; the terminal electrode of the pulsed direct current voltage in the axial field electrode On 86 and 87, the purpose is to control the movement of ions in the axial direction; change the voltage of the terminal electrode to lead out positive or negative ions.

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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及离子传输装置，特别是一种存储和传输正负离子的装置和方法。装置包括导电线电极，打孔绝缘板，固定拉伸装置和轴向场电极。通过以上装置，将正负离子分别储存于腔体的两端，并根据需要，引出正离子或负离子。本装置极大地提高了正负离子的利用效率，能够有效提高灵敏度。

Description

一种存储和传输正负离子的装置和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种同时储存正负离子的装置和方法，可以用于气相离子分析仪器，如离子迁移谱，质谱等。
 背景技术
在质谱设计中，由于气压的不同，当离子从离子源向质量分析器转移过程中会造成离子损失。为减少离子损失，目前通用的设计是利用四极杆，六极杆或八极杆形成垂直于轴向的假势阱，使离子无法在垂直于轴向的方向上逃逸。在轴向上，通过两轴向场电极电压的不同，形成电势差，从而使离子得到传输。由于两轴向场电极距离往往比较长，在中心区域形成的电势差很弱，导致离子传输速度很慢，影响离子传输效率。此外，目前使用的四级杆，六极杆或八极杆大多使用圆形或矩形的电极剖面的实心电极结构，具有很大的表面积，导致电极上的电容很高，对射频电源的功率要求也比较高。
在离子传输过程中，正负离子均被轴向场限制，但两轴向场电极电压会使离子向不同方向传输，因此离子传输时仅能传输正或负的离子，无法传输的离子会损失掉，降低了检测效率。由于需要重新富集和传输另外一种离子，正负离子切换时间较长。
短时间内获得正负离子的信息对样品分析和鉴定有很大帮助，可以拓宽样品检测范围，也可以对某些样品提高灵敏度。多种质量分析器均可以分析分析正负离子，但由于正负离子传输切换时间的限制，导致很难在短时间内获得正负离子信号。
缩小离子引导电极的间距及直径有诸多好处：首先，缩小后的尺寸对于射频电压幅值要求降低，因此减小了对射频电源的要求。其次，离子可以被限制在更小的范围内，在向下一级传输时有较高的离子传输效率。此外，小内径的离子引导电极还可以工作在较高的气压下，可以使离子更快地冷却。但是目前使用的多极杆电极技术难以做到微型化，主要原因是常用多极杆为圆柱形，当内径减小后易发生变形，导致中心场偏离设计参数，使离子传输效率降低。
 技术问题
文献（Analytical Chemistry 88(15): 7800-7806）报道了一种使用金属丝制作的离子阱质量分析器。如果作为离子传输装置使用，由于质量分析器两端距离很长，会造成中心场沿轴向上的电场梯度很小，不利于离子传输。屏蔽电极的使用也造成了光线仅能从沿轴向方向通过，限制了光源的使用。由于使用八个螺母向所有金属丝提供拉力，非常容易使金属丝所受拉力不均匀，导致不均匀的变形，影响内部电场的质量。此外，此装置工作在很低的气压下（0.0006 mbar），无法有效地快速冷却离子，造成离子捕获效率降低。因此此装置难以用于离子传输。
 技术解决方案
本发明提供了一种存储和传输正负离子的装置，包括：导电线电极，用于施加交流变化的电压形成垂直与轴线方向的交流变化电场；打孔绝缘板，用于固定导电线的位置；固定拉伸装置，用于向导电线提供拉力；轴向场电极，用于提供离子轴向的限制电场 并提供对金属线电极的支撑。
所述的导电线电极，由金属丝构成，穿过打孔绝缘板，并由固定拉伸装置提供拉力。
所述的固定拉伸装置由带孔螺栓和带有螺纹孔的绝缘固定块构成，目的在于向导电线电极施加拉力。
所述的导电线电极中，位置相对的导电线电极为一组，施加相同的交流变化的电压，另一组施加相位差为180°的交流变化的电压。
所述的轴向限制电场中，相对静电势由一端到另一端的构成次序为高电势，低电势，高电势，低电势，其中相对静电势可以迅速切换。
所述的轴向场电极的一种构造方式为：轴向场电极由一组环形电极和端电极提供，并在环形电极上施加直流电压。
所述的环形电极有一部分***施加不同电压的导电线电极之间。
所述的轴向场电极的另一种构造方式为：轴向场电极由一组与中心轴线有夹角的夹角电极和端电极构成，并在夹角电极两端上施加直流电压。
所述的夹角电极与中心轴线有0至90°的夹角，夹角电极上有电阻，目的在于形成梯度电势。同时，夹角电极位于施加不同电压的导电线电极之间。
所述的端电极位于两端，施加脉冲直流电压或交流电压。
所述的轴向场电极由磁铁或金属构成，并在电极之间设有绝缘密封部件。轴向场电极上固定真空紫外光源，目的在于将发射的真空紫外光照向支撑件组成的空间内部。
轴向场电极与其他密封部件所形成的腔体内气压为0.1Pa至10000Pa。
可以将多个存储和传输正负离子的装置串联使用，目的在于形成多级气压差并提高离子与分子的分离效率。
在存储和传输正负离子的装置的一端连接其他电离源接口，目的在于拓展此装置的应用范围。
一种存储和传输正负离子的方法，包括：将交流电压电压施加在第一组导电线电极上，同时将另一交流电压电压施加在第二组导电线电极上，目的在于形成垂直于轴向的交流变化电场，限制离子在垂直于轴向方向的运动；将脉冲直流电压或交流电压施加在轴向场电极中的端电极上，形成轴向限制电场，目的在于防止离子在轴向上逃逸；将脉冲直流电压施加在轴向场电极中的其余电极上，目的在于将正负离子分离；改变轴向电场电势的高低及端电极电压，将正离子或负离子引出。
所述的存储和传输正负离子的方法中，第一组导电线电极和第二组导电线电极上施加的交流电压存在180°相位差。
 有益效果
本发明是一种低电容且可以同时存储正负离子的离子传输装置，能够减少离子损失，并且减少离子正负切换时间。本发明的离子传输引导电极具有很好的微型化潜力。
 附图说明
图1. 是本发明中轴向限制电场中电势示意图。
图2. 是本发明中轴向限制电场中等势线分布图。
图3. 是本发明中垂直于轴向截面等势线分布图。
图4. 是本发明中一个较佳实施实例的装置图。
图5. 是本发明中一个较佳实施实例中中心电场等势线分布图。
图6. 是本发明中另一个较佳实施实例的装置图。
图7. 是本发明中另一个较佳实施实例的装置图。
图8. 是本发明中较佳实施实例中侧视结构图。
图9. 是本发明中另一个较佳实施实例示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的最佳实施方式为具体实施方式二。
 本发明的实施方式
本发明的一个主要设计想法是通过导电线电极形成的垂直与轴向上的交流变化的电场实现对离子在垂直于轴向方向的运动进行限制，同时利用轴向上的电势将正负离子分别聚集到导电线电极的两端，然后通过施加在轴向场电极上交流电压或直流电压，阻止离子从两端逃逸。当需要进行离子传输时，降低交流电压或直流电压的幅值，使正离子或负离子按照一定顺序离开离子引导电极。
[0035] 图1 是本发明中轴向限制电场在轴心轴线的电势示意图，纵轴为电势高低，横轴为轴向方向的位置。在上部分的图中，87为产生在中部的负离子，88为产生在中部的正离子。在电场的作用下，分别向腔体的两端移动。94为负离子存储区，96为正离子存储区。在左端的端电极上施加低电势电压，负离子存储区中为高电势，从而形成由低到高的电势93，阻止离子从左端逸出。同样，右端的端电极上施加高电势的电压，正离子存储区中的电势为低电势，形成势阱将正离子存储。
[0036] 当高电势和低电势切换后，形成下部分图中所示的情况，正负离子存储位置互换。
[0037] 图2是本发明中轴向限制电场中电势分布图。左图为轴向限制电场中电势分布图，其中70和77为轴向场电极，为环形电极位于导电线电极外侧，分别施加高电势和低电势，形成的电势差。图中，73和74是等势线。端电极与轴向电极的电压形成图1中93，95，97和98所示的电势差，从而实现对正负离子的限制和存储。
[0038] 图3为垂直于轴向的电势分布图。其中电极310和311分别由两组位置相对的导电线电极组成。电极310和311分别施加相差为180°交流电压。312为轴向场电极的另一种构造。此轴向场电极由金属丝构成，与轴线夹角30°，并有200欧姆电阻。 此轴向场电极上一端施加高电压，另一端施加低电压，同样可以形成类似73和74的等势线和图1中的电势。
[0039] 具体实施实例一。
[0040] 图4是本发明中的一个较佳实施实例装置图。装置包括导电线电极15，50，53，25，42和43，打孔绝缘板11和21，支撑轴向场电极12和22，环形轴向场电极14和24，端电极13。导电线电极从打孔绝缘板穿过。轴向场电极有两种结构，一种结构中，轴向场电极由多个环形轴向场电极24构成，其横切面视图中为41，位于导电线电极外部，施加不同的直流电压。轴向场电极由磁铁构成。磁铁形成的磁场可以提高离子传输效率。另一种结构中，轴向场电极14中设有内插电极52，***位置为施加有不同交流电压的导电线电极之间。端电极施加直流脉冲电压，脉冲宽度为10纳秒至10秒。端电极上也可以施加交流电压形成假势阱，同样可以对正负离子在轴向方向上限制。
[0041] 图5是带有内插电极构造的轴向场电极中垂直于轴向的电势分布图。导电线电极60和61分别施加相位差为180°的交流电压。固定于轴向场电极67的内插部分62位于导电线电极60和61之间，所施加的电压是两个交流电压的中间值。如图所示，此时其对电场的影响可以忽略。
[0042] 将交流电压电压施加在第一组导电线电极50或42上，同时将另一交流电压电压施加在第二组导电线电极53或43上，目的在于形成垂直于轴向的交流变化电场，限制离子在垂直于轴向方向的运动；将脉冲直流电压或交流电压施加在轴向场电极中的端电极13或23上，形成轴向限制电场，目的在于防止离子在轴向上逃逸；将脉冲直流电压施加在轴向场电极中的其余电极14或24上，目的在于将正负离子分离；改变轴向电场电势的高低及端电极电压，将正离子或负离子引出。
[0043] 具体实施实例二。
[0044] 图6是本发明中的另一个较佳实施实例装置图。其中，102为导电线电极，穿过打孔绝缘板107，109和111。轴向场电极104和103上施加不同的直流电压，形成图1所示电势。轴向场电极中的103为端电极，施加直流电压，直流脉冲电压或交流电压，目的在于限制离子在轴向方向的运动。轴向场电极104为一组环形电极，与端电极103形成图1所示电势。轴向场电极由磁铁构成。磁铁形成的磁场可以提高离子传输效率。轴向场电极104由绝缘垫109隔开，并形成密封腔体。腔体内部的气压控制在1Pa至1000Pa之间。绝缘固定块100及带孔螺栓101构成固定拉伸装置，向导电线电极施加拉力。真空紫外灯固定于轴向场电极104及绝缘垫109上，并将真空紫外光射向轴向场电极形成的腔体内部。打孔绝缘板111与轴向场电极104，绝缘垫109形成一个腔体，轴向场电极108及打孔绝缘板107和109构成另一个腔体。两个腔体通过打孔绝缘板109串联。
[0045] 将交流电压电压施加在第一组导电线电极上，同时将另一交流电压电压施加在第二组导电线电极上，目的在于形成垂直于轴向的交流变化电场，限制离子在垂直于轴向方向的运动；将脉冲直流电压或交流电压施加在轴向场电极中的端电极103上，形成轴向限制电场，目的在于防止离子在轴向上逃逸；将脉冲直流电压施加在轴向场电极中的其余电极104上，目的在于将正负离子分离；改变轴向电场电势的高低及端电极电压，将正离子或负离子引出。
[0046] 具体实施实例三。
[0047] 图7是本发明中的另一个较佳实施实例装置图。其中，200为导电线电极，穿过打孔绝缘板203和206。轴向场电极204和207上施加不同的直流电压，形成图1所示电势。轴向场电极中的207为端电极，施加直流电压，直流脉冲电压或交流电压，目的在于限制离子在轴向方向的运动。轴向场电极204与轴线之间有夹角，夹角范围为0 - 45°。轴向场电极204同时具有100欧姆的电阻。205为密封筒，由金属材料构成，支撑于打孔绝缘板203和206之间，形成密封腔体。腔体内部的气压控制在10Pa至1000Pa之间。绝缘框201及打孔螺丝202构成固定拉伸装置，向导电线电极施加拉力。
[0048] 图8为本实施实例的侧视剖视图。其中231和233为轴向场电极， 232为导电线电极，230为打孔绝缘板。
[0049] 具体实施方法为：将交流电压电压施加在第一组导电线电极上，同时将另一交流电压电压施加在第二组导电线电极上，目的在于形成垂直于轴向的交流变化电场，限制离子在垂直于轴向方向的运动；将脉冲直流电压或交流电压施加在轴向场电极中的端电极207上，形成轴向限制电场，目的在于防止离子在轴向上逃逸；将脉冲直流电压施加在轴向场电极中的其余电极200上，目的在于将正负离子分离；改变轴向电场电势的高低及端电极电压，将正离子或负离子引出。
[0050] 具体实施实例四。
[0051] 图9为本发明中的另一个较佳实施实例示意图。在此实施实例中，导电线电极为83，穿过打孔绝缘板80和81。轴向场电极包括82，86和87，其中86和87为端电极。在此实施实例中，由于部分导电线电极与轴线有夹角，形成的假电势中有平行于轴线的分量，从而推斥离子，使离子被限制在中间由打孔绝缘板81形成的腔体中。离子的引出可以通过改变端电极86和87上施加的直流电压实现。例如，若存储正离子，将端电极86电压设为0V，端电极87施加负电势，可以将正离子引出。
[0052] 具体实施方法为：将交流电压电压施加在第一组导电线电极上，同时将另一交流电压电压施加在第二组导电线电极上，目的在于形成垂直于轴向的交流变化电场，限制离子在垂直于轴向方向的运动，同时，由于交流变化的电场在轴向上有部分分量，同时形成具有推斥效果的假电势；将脉冲直流电压在轴向场电极中的端电极86和87上，目的在于控制离子在轴向上的运动；改变端电极电压，将正离子或负离子引出。
[0053] 通过以上实施实例可以看出，其他基于本发明专利的内容，但对专业人士只需做细小改变，易于实现的变体，比如在本发明所述结构的基础上增加其他电离源或者采用不同的导电线电极结构，不同的拉伸装置结构，不同的轴向场电极结构，只要形成本专利涵盖电场形式或使用方法，均在本专利的覆盖范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种存储和传输正负离子的装置，包括：导电线电极，用于施加交流变化的电压形成垂直与轴线方向的交流变化电场；打孔绝缘板，用于固定导电线的位置；固定拉伸装置，用于向导电线提供拉力；轴向场电极，用于提供离子轴向限制电场并提供对金属线电极的支撑。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的导电线电极，其特征在于：导电线电极由金属丝构成，穿过打孔绝缘板，并由固定拉伸装置提供拉力。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的固定拉伸装置，其特征在于：固定拉伸装置由带孔螺栓和带有螺纹孔的绝缘固定块，目的在于向导电线电极施加拉力。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的导电线电极，其特征在于：位置相对的导电线电极为一组，施加相同的交流变化的电压，另一组施加相位差为180°的交流变化的电压。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向限制电场，其特征在于：轴向限制电场中相对静电势由一端到另一端的构成次序为高电势，低电势，高电势，低电势，其中相对静电势可以迅速切换。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向场电极的一种构造方式为：轴向场电极由一组环形电极和端电极提供，并在环形电极上施加直流电压。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的环形电极，其特征在于：环形电极有一部分***施加不同电压的导电线电极之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向场电极的另一种构造方式为：轴向场电极由一组与中心轴线有夹角的夹角电极和端电极构成，并在夹角电极两端上施加直流电压。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的夹角电极，其特征在于：夹角电极与中心轴线有0至90°的夹角。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的夹角电极，其特征在于：夹角电极上有电阻，目的在于形成梯度电势。
    11.       根据权利要求8所述的夹角电极，其特征在于：夹角电极位于施加不同电压的导电线电极之间。
    12.       根据权利要求6和8所述的端电极，其特征在于：端电极位于两端，施加脉冲直流电压或交流电压。
  11. 根据权利要求1 所述的轴向场电极，其特征在于：轴向场电极由磁铁或金属构成，并在电极之间设有绝缘密封部件。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向场电极，其特征在于：轴向场电极上固定真空紫外光源，目的在于将发射的真空紫外光照向支撑件组成的空间内部。
  13.        根据权利要求1所述的轴向场电极，其特征在于：轴向场电极所形成的腔体内气压为0.1Pa至10000Pa。
  14.        根据权利要求1所述的存储和传输正负离子的装置，其特征在于：可以将多个存储和传输正负离子的装置串联使用，目的在于形成多级气压差并提高离子与分子的分离效率。
  15.        根据权利要求1所述的存储和传输正负离子的装置，其特征在于：在存储和传输正负离子的装置的一端连接其他电离源接口，目的在于拓展此装置的应用范围。
  16. 一种存储和传输正负离子的方法，包括：将交流电压电压施加在第一组导电线电极上，同时将另一交流电压电压施加在第二组导电线电极上，目的在于形成垂直于轴向的交流变化电场，限制离子在垂直于轴向方向的运动；将脉冲直流电压或交流电压施加在轴向场电极中的端电极上，形成轴向限制电场，目的在于防止离子在轴向上逃逸；将脉冲直流电压施加在轴向场电极中的其余电极上，目的在于将正负离子分离；改变轴向电场电势的高低及端电极电压，将正离子或负离子引出。
  17. 根据权利要求18 所述的存储和传输正负离子的方法，其特征在于：第一组导电线电极和第二组导电线电极上施加的交流电压存在180 °相位差。
     
     
     
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CN110809813A (zh) * 2019-09-27 2020-02-18 瑞湾科技（珠海）有限公司 一种离子控制装置
CN110881279A (zh) * 2019-09-27 2020-03-13 瑞湾科技（珠海）有限公司 一种导线电极离子控制装置拉伸器及导线张力控制方法

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