WO2018225845A1 - Plywood and production method therefor - Google Patents

Plywood and production method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018225845A1
WO2018225845A1 PCT/JP2018/021955 JP2018021955W WO2018225845A1 WO 2018225845 A1 WO2018225845 A1 WO 2018225845A1 JP 2018021955 W JP2018021955 W JP 2018021955W WO 2018225845 A1 WO2018225845 A1 WO 2018225845A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
plywood
thickness
specific gravity
veneer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/021955
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
孝志 土井
正文 清水
Original Assignee
大日本印刷株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 大日本印刷株式会社 filed Critical 大日本印刷株式会社
Priority to CN201880001510.7A priority Critical patent/CN109414834B/en
Priority to KR1020187033096A priority patent/KR102032308B1/en
Priority to JP2019523985A priority patent/JP7180594B2/en
Publication of WO2018225845A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018225845A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D3/00—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plywood and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • plywood has been used as a woody base material constituting a decorative material such as a decorative material for floors.
  • Plywood is a thin board of wood called a single board (tanban) cut by a rotary lace, slicer, etc., and the single board is made by laminating a plurality of single boards by making the fiber directions almost perpendicular to each other.
  • a wooden board is a thin board of wood cut by a rotary lace, slicer, etc.
  • Plywood used for decorative materials is required to have physical properties such as impact resistance and design properties. For this reason, as a single plate constituting the plywood, a single plate having a high specific gravity with a specific gravity of 0.50 or more, such as a lauan material or a birch material having high hardness, excellent smoothness and good design properties is used.
  • a plywood used for the decorative material a plywood in which only a high specific gravity single plate using such a high specific gravity single plate is laminated, or a single plate having a high specific gravity is laminated on the outermost layer, and one of the other layers is laminated.
  • a plywood in which a single plate having a low specific gravity is laminated as a part or all of the other layers is used.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a plywood excellent in impact resistance and a method for manufacturing the plywood.
  • the present inventors have found that, in a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer, the first layer and the second layer are wood materials, and the thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm.
  • the inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by setting the specific gravity of the second layer to be higher than that of the first layer, and have completed the present invention.
  • this invention relates to the manufacturing method of the following plywood and plywood.
  • a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top, (1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood. (2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm, (3) The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer, (4) The specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50. Plywood characterized by that.
  • Item 2 The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the first layer is a Chinese poplar veneer. 4). The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the first layer is a hardwood veneer. 5).
  • Item 2. The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the specific gravity of the second layer is 0.50 or more. 6).
  • Item 2. The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the second layer has a node on at least a part of the surface on the first layer side, and the node of the first layer is smaller than the node of the second layer. 7).
  • Item 2. The plywood according to item 1, wherein the number of layers of the plywood is 5 layers or 7 layers. 8).
  • Item 2. The plywood according to item 1, which is a plywood for a flooring decorative material. 9.
  • Item 2. The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the thickness of the first layer is 0.6 mm or more and 0.9 mm or less. 10.
  • a method for producing a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer (I) Step 1 for laminating the first layer and the second layer, and (II) After the step 1, the surface of the first layer is polished so that the thickness of the first layer is 1.0 mm. Having step 2 of adjusting to less than (1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood. (2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm, (3) The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer, (4) The specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50.
  • the manufacturing method of the plywood characterized by this. 11.
  • a method for producing a plywood having a first layer and a second layer in order from at least the top (I) A step of preparing a poplar single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 to 0.47 as the first layer and a eucalyptus single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.90 as the second layer. 1, (II) Step 2 of laminating the first layer and the second layer, and (III) After the step 2, the step of polishing the surface of the first layer to adjust the thickness of the first layer to less than 1.0 mm, The manufacturing method of the plywood characterized by this.
  • the plywood of the present invention is excellent in impact resistance. Moreover, the manufacturing method of the plywood of this invention can manufacture the plywood excellent in impact resistance.
  • (A) is a diagram in which a plywood is cut out to a certain size
  • (b) is a diagram in which a layer laminated on the layer to be measured is scraped in the thickness direction from the surface, and all are removed
  • (c) is a measurement. It is the figure which made thickness of the layer which is object thin. It is a 2nd page figure which shows an example of the decorative material using the plywood of this invention.
  • the plywood of the present invention and the manufacturing method of the plywood will be described in detail.
  • the surface on the first layer side of the plywood is a so-called “front surface”, which is the surface on the side laminated with the design layer. Therefore, in this specification, the direction of the surface on the first layer side of the plywood is referred to as “up”, and the opposite side is referred to as “back” or “down”.
  • the plywood of the present invention is a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top, (1) the first layer and the second layer are wood materials, and (2) the first layer.
  • the thickness of is less than 1.0 mm, (3) the specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer, and (4) the specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50. To do.
  • the plywood according to the present invention having the above-described features can suppress the amount of dents as a plywood by finally receiving the impact applied to the first layer even when the impact is applied from the first layer side. For this reason, the plywood of this invention can show the outstanding impact resistance.
  • plywood means a single board (tanban) cut by a rotary lace, a slicer, etc., and the plurality of single boards are bonded by making the fiber directions of the single boards substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • the single plate is laminated so that three or more odd-numbered sheets are orthogonal to each other.
  • specific gravity in the present specification is a value measured by the following measuring method. That is, the plywood is cut out to a certain size, for example, 10 ⁇ 10 cm (FIG. 4A). The surface area of the plywood at this time is defined as S (cm 2 ). In the case of the above-mentioned 10 ⁇ 10 cm, S is 100 cm 2 . The cut plywood is left to dry in a dryer at a temperature of 103 ⁇ 2 ° C. for 72 hours. Next, when the layer to be measured for measuring the specific gravity is located on the outermost layer (for example, the first layer), the weight m0 (g) and the thickness h0 (cm) of the plywood after drying are measured.
  • the layer to be measured for measuring the specific gravity is located on the outermost layer (for example, the first layer), the weight m0 (g) and the thickness h0 (cm) of the plywood after drying are measured.
  • the layer to be measured (first layer) is shaved from the surface in the thickness direction to remove a part of the layer to be measured, thereby reducing the thickness of the layer to be measured (FIG. 4B).
  • the weight m1 (g) and thickness h1 (cm) of the plywood after removing a part of the layer to be measured are measured. From the measured value, the specific gravity G of the layer to be measured is measured based on the following formula.
  • G [m0 (g) ⁇ m1 (g)] / [(h0 (cm) ⁇ h1 (cm)) ⁇ S (cm 2 )] (Formula)
  • the unit is g / cm 3 , but the unit is omitted and the specific gravity is used.
  • the layer to be measured is not located on the outermost layer of the plywood (for example, the second layer 22 in FIG. 5A)
  • the layer for example, the first layer stacked on the outermost layer side of the layer to be measured 1 layer
  • the layer to be measured is defined as the outermost layer (FIG. 5 (b))
  • a part of the layer to be measured is removed by the measurement method described above and measured.
  • the specific gravity may be measured by reducing the thickness of the target layer (FIG. 5C).
  • the specific gravity is basically measured at the part excluding the nodes.
  • the type of tree is not limited as long as the first layer is smaller than the specific gravity of the second layer and the specific gravity is less than 0.50.
  • the first layer is preferably a hardwood veneer.
  • Specific examples of the first layer include poplar veneers and falkata veneers that are fast-growing trees.
  • a poplar single plate is more preferable because it has a relatively high specific gravity among low specific gravity, excellent surface smoothness, and few nodes.
  • a poplar single plate using Chinese poplar can be preferably used as the poplar single plate.
  • poplar means the American willow tree represented by the willow family, the American black willow, the European black willow, etc., and those breeding species and interspecific hybrids are also included. Also included are American whitewoods called yellow poplars of magnolia family.
  • Choinese poplar is often referred to as Italian poplar or warm temperate poplar, and means an early-population poplar that has been bred and grown in China.
  • the specific gravity of the first layer is not particularly limited as long as it is smaller than the specific gravity of the second layer described below and less than 0.50.
  • Preferred lower limit values of the specific gravity of the first layer include more than 0.40, 0.42 or more, and 0.45 or more, and preferred upper limit values include 0.48 or less and 0.47 or less.
  • preferred upper limit values include 0.48 or less and 0.47 or less.
  • 0.42 or more and 0.47 or less are especially preferable. Due to the specific gravity within the above-mentioned range, the plywood of the present invention exhibits even more excellent impact resistance.
  • the thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm.
  • the thickness of the first layer is preferably 0.9 mm or less, and more preferably 0.8 mm or less.
  • the thickness of the first layer is preferably 0.3 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, still more preferably 0.6 mm or more, and may occur due to the difference in shrinkage between the first layer and the second layer. In order to avoid the characteristic crack, 0.7 mm or more is particularly preferable.
  • the thickness of the first layer is within the above range, it is further suppressed that minor irregularities such as nodes, grain, cracks, and chips of the second layer are visually recognized from the surface of the plywood.
  • a range of the thickness of a 1st layer 0.6 mm or more and 0.9 mm or less are especially preferable.
  • the first layer preferably has no noticeable nodes on the surface, and more preferably has no nodes.
  • the smoothness of the surface of the plywood according to the present invention is further improved by making the nodes on the surface of the first layer inconspicuous or having no nodes. Further, even if the first layer has a node on the surface, it is preferable that the first layer has fewer nodes than the second layer.
  • a 2nd layer if the specific gravity is larger than the specific gravity of a 1st layer, the kind of the tree will not be limited.
  • a eucalyptus veneer is preferable in that it has a relatively high specific gravity.
  • the specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer.
  • the specific gravity of the second layer is preferably 0.50 or more, and more preferably 0.55 or more.
  • 0.90 or less is preferable, 0.75 or less is more preferable, 0.65 or less is further more preferable, and also less than 0.60 is especially preferable. Due to the specific gravity within the above-mentioned range, the plywood of the present invention exhibits even more excellent impact resistance and excellent machinability during processing.
  • 0.55 or more and less than 0.60 are especially preferable.
  • the thickness of the second layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.0 mm or more, and more preferably 1.3 mm or more. When the lower limit of the thickness of the second layer is within the above range, the plywood of the present invention exhibits even more excellent impact resistance.
  • the second layer may have a node on at least a part of the surface. Since the plywood of the present invention has the first layer, even when the second layer has a node on at least a part of the surface, the node can be prevented from being visually recognized from the surface of the plywood. .
  • the layer structure of the plywood of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has at least a first layer and a second layer, and some single plates, which are thin plates obtained by thinly cutting a plywood log, are bonded together.
  • the single plate is bonded so that odd-numbered sheets are orthogonal to each other.
  • the plywood of the present invention may have a layer structure having another woody layer as long as it has at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top.
  • the first layer is the outermost surface
  • the second layer is laminated under the first layer
  • another wood layer is laminated under the first layer to form an odd number of wood layers.
  • the layer structure which has is mentioned.
  • a plywood having a first layer 11 / second layer 12 / third layer 13 / fourth layer 14 / fifth layer 15 in order from the top like the plywood 1 in FIG.
  • the number of wood layers of plywood is not limited to 5 or 7 layers, and may be any number, but 3 to 9 layers are preferable, and 5 to 7 layers are more preferable.
  • the number of the wood layers of the said plywood is an odd number at the point which can suppress further the curvature of a plywood.
  • the total thickness of the plywood is not particularly limited, and is preferably 5.0 mm or more and 30.0 mm or less, and more preferably 5.5 mm or more as a lower limit, considering the ease of construction when used as an interior material. 5 mm or more and 9.0 mm or more are particularly preferable. Moreover, as an upper limit, 15.5 mm or less is more preferable, and 12.5 mm or less is still more preferable.
  • the thickness is particularly preferably 9.0 mm or more and 12.5 mm or less. In this case, the number of the wood layers is preferably 5 to 7, and more preferably 7 layers. In the case of a thickness of about 15 mm, 9 layers are particularly preferable.
  • the thickness of a general wood flooring material such as a flooring material in a living room or a corridor is usually about 8 mm, about 12 mm, about 15 mm, or the like.
  • the total layer thickness including the design layer is generally about 8 mm, about 12 mm, and about 15 mm.
  • the same type of wood veneer is used as the first layer 11 on the front surface called “face” and the fifth layer 15 on the back surface called “back”.
  • the same type of wood veneer may be used, or the third layer 13 may be made of the same type of wood veneer as the first layer 11 and the fifth layer 15. Also good.
  • the second layer 12 and the fourth layer 14 use the same type of wood veneer. Examples of the specific layer structure of the plywood in FIG.
  • a layer structure including a poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer examples include a layer structure having a eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer.
  • the same type of single veneer is used as the first layer 21 on the front surface called the face and the seventh layer 27 on the back surface called the back.
  • the same type of trees may be used as the second layer 22 to the sixth layer 26, but the same type of trees as the first layer 21, the third layer 23, the fifth layer 25, and the seventh layer 27. It is preferable to use a single plate.
  • the second layer 22, the fourth layer 24, and the sixth layer 26 use the same type of tree veneer.
  • Composition layer structure with poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer, poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer
  • poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer For example, a layer structure having a / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer.
  • the plywood of the present invention can be used as a decorative material by laminating with a design layer.
  • the design layer is not particularly limited as long as design properties can be imparted to the decorative material, and examples thereof include a decorative sheet made of a veneer sliced from natural wood, a synthetic resin, or the like. Since the plywood of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it has excellent impact resistance. For this reason, when the plywood of the present invention is laminated with a design layer to make a decorative material, for example, it is not necessary to use a design layer having a thickness of 1 mm or more, and due to a difference in linear expansion coefficient between the design layer and the plywood, etc. The generated warpage is suppressed. From the above, the plywood of the present invention can be suitably used as a plywood for a flooring decorative material by laminating with a design layer.
  • the method for producing the decorative material is not particularly limited, and it can be produced by a conventionally known method.
  • stacking a design layer on the 1st layer of a plywood is mentioned, for example.
  • the method of laminating the design layer on the first layer of the plywood is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include direct printing and transfer, and a method of laminating these layers via an adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive that forms the adhesive layer include polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate copolymer, urethane, acrylic, urethane / acrylic, urethane / acrylic copolymer, and ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer.
  • Examples thereof include water-soluble emulsion systems, solvent systems, and reactive hot melt adhesives exemplified by PUR, which contain polymers, ionomers, butadiene / acrylonitrile rubbers, neoprene rubbers, natural rubbers and the like as active ingredients.
  • a water-soluble emulsion adhesive and a reactive hot-melt adhesive are preferable from the viewpoint of workability, and a reactive hot-melt adhesive is more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent appearance after the lamination process.
  • the curing method for the adhesive include one-component curing, two-component curing, heat curing, moisture curing, and ionizing radiation curing such as electron beam and ultraviolet light.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer is not limited, but is preferably about 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the decorative material is a decorative material having a design layer on the first layer of the plywood having the first layer and the second layer in order from the top, (1)
  • the first layer and the second layer are made of wood.
  • the thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm, (3)
  • the second layer may have a specific gravity greater than that of the first layer.
  • the plywood of the present invention described above can be used as the plywood.
  • the decorative material has a design layer on the first layer of the plywood. That is, in the decorative material, the design layer is laminated on the surface of the first layer opposite to the side on which the second layer is laminated.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of the cosmetic material.
  • FIG. 6 is a two-side view illustrating an example of a decorative material.
  • the decorative material shown in FIG. 6 is formed by laminating the design layer 5 on the first layer 21 of the plywood 2.
  • the decorative material shown in FIG. 6 is made of sane (actual) processing on the plywood, and is a male sap A that is a convex portion protruding toward the upper side of the paper surface, and a concave portion formed on the lower side of the paper surface. It has a certain female sa Amsterdam B.
  • the cosmetic material shown in FIG. 6 is capable of being assembled by applying the sane process to the male sane A and the female sane B, and is more suitable as a decorative material for floors. Can be used.
  • the design layer is not particularly limited as long as design properties can be imparted to the plywood of the present invention.
  • a resin-impregnated paper impregnated with thermosetting resin such as a veneer sliced from natural wood; a melamine decorative board And a decorative sheet made of synthetic resin or the like.
  • a pattern may be provided on the surface of the plywood by coloring or printing, or a design may be formed by transfer.
  • the veneer is a rare natural plate having a beautiful grain that is obtained by thinly slicing wood such as oak or birch into a thickness of about 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm.
  • the surface protective layer mentioned later can be apply
  • thermosetting resin used for the resin decorative board conventionally known thermosetting resins can be widely used.
  • thermosetting resin include melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, phenol resin, diallyl phthalate resin, and the like.
  • a resin decorative board obtained by impregnating the above thermosetting resin into a sheet-like fibrous base material such as permeable paper, synthetic paper, and nonwoven fabric as impregnated paper is used.
  • One obtained by stacking layers and molding at high temperature and high pressure can be mentioned.
  • the total thickness of the design layer is preferably 0.10 mm or more, more preferably 0.25 mm or more, and further preferably 0.30 mm or more.
  • the total thickness of the design layer is preferably 1.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.7 mm or less, still more preferably 0.6 mm or less, and particularly preferably 0.45 mm or less.
  • the upper limit of the total thickness of the design layer is within the above range, warping of the decorative material can be further suppressed.
  • 0.25 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less are particularly preferable.
  • the impact resistance of the decorative material can be further improved, and the weather resistance and water resistance are excellent.
  • the configuration of the decorative sheet will be specifically described.
  • the configuration of the decorative sheet is not particularly limited.
  • a decorative sheet having a base sheet, a pattern layer (solid ink layer / pattern ink layer), a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent resin layer, and a surface protective layer is preferable.
  • seat a pattern layer (solid ink layer / pattern ink layer), a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent resin layer, and a surface protective layer in order on the synthetic resin backer layer mentioned later is also preferable.
  • a substrate sheet, a pattern layer (solid ink layer / pattern ink layer), and a surface protective layer in this order can also be used.
  • this design layer will be described as an example.
  • the synthetic resin backer layer is laminated so as to be positioned on the back side of the design layer, and is made of a synthetic resin that alleviates the influence of surface irregularities such as a wooden substrate and imparts impact resistance to the design layer itself. It is a layer and constitutes a part of the design layer.
  • the base sheet is 1) paper such as thin paper, fine paper, kraft paper, Japanese paper, titanium paper, resin-impregnated paper, inter-paper reinforced paper, etc. 2) wood fiber, glass fiber, asbestos, polyester fiber, vinylon fiber, rayon Examples thereof include one or two or more laminates of woven or non-woven fabric made of fibers and the like, and 3) sheets of synthetic resin such as polyolefin, polyester, polyacryl, polyamide, polyurethane, and polystyrene. Among these, the synthetic resin sheet of 3) is preferable.
  • the thickness of the base sheet is preferably about 20 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the substrate sheet may be colored as necessary. Further, the surface may be subjected to surface treatment such as corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, ozone treatment or the like, or a primer which is a base coating for improving the adhesion with an adjacent layer may be applied.
  • the pattern layer is composed of a pattern ink layer and / or a solid ink layer.
  • the pattern layer can be formed by a printing method such as gravure printing, offset printing or silk screen printing. Examples of the pattern of the pattern ink layer include a wood grain pattern, a stone pattern, a cloth pattern, a skin pattern, a geometric pattern, characters, symbols, line drawings, various abstract patterns, and the like.
  • the solid ink layer is obtained by solid printing of colored ink.
  • the pattern layer is composed of one or both of a pattern ink layer and a solid ink layer.
  • chlorinated polyolefin such as chlorinated polyethylene and chlorinated polypropylene
  • polyester polyurethane composed of isocyanate and polyol
  • polyacryl polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate
  • a polymer, a cellulose-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, or the like may be used alone or in combination, and a pigment, a solvent, various auxiliary agents, and the like may be added thereto to make an ink.
  • polyester polyurethane composed of isocyanate and polyol, polyacryl, polyamide-based resin, and the like is preferable.
  • the transparent adhesive layer is provided between the picture layer and the transparent resin layer as necessary.
  • the transparent adhesive layer can be obtained, for example, by applying and drying a known dry lamination adhesive such as a two-component curable urethane resin.
  • the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer after drying is preferably about 0.1 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably about 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • a transparent resin layer will not be specifically limited if it is a transparent resin layer, For example, it can form suitably with a transparent thermoplastic resin.
  • Synthetic resins such as polymers, ionomers, acrylic acid esters, and methacrylic acid esters are exemplified.
  • polyolefin resins such as polypropylene are preferable.
  • the transparent resin layer may be colored.
  • a colorant may be added to the thermoplastic resin.
  • pigments or dyes used in the picture layer can be used.
  • fillers for the transparent resin layer, fillers, matting agents, foaming agents, flame retardants, lubricants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, radical scavengers, soft components (eg rubber)
  • Various additives such as may be included.
  • the surface protective layer (transparent surface protective layer) is provided for imparting surface physical properties such as scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, water resistance, and stain resistance required for the design layer.
  • the resin forming the surface protective layer preferably includes at least one curable resin such as a thermosetting resin or an ionizing radiation curable resin.
  • ionizing radiation curable resins are preferable from the viewpoint of high surface hardness, productivity, and the like.
  • an electron beam curable resin is most preferable.
  • thermosetting resins include unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethane resins (including two-component curable polyurethane), epoxy resins, amino alkyd resins, phenol resins, urea resins, diallyl phthalate resins, melamine resins, guanamine resins, and melamines.
  • unsaturated polyester resins polyurethane resins (including two-component curable polyurethane)
  • epoxy resins include epoxy resins, amino alkyd resins, phenol resins, urea resins, diallyl phthalate resins, melamine resins, guanamine resins, and melamines.
  • -Urea cocondensation resin silicon resin, polysiloxane resin and the like.
  • a curing agent such as a crosslinking agent and a polymerization initiator and a polymerization accelerator can be added to the resin.
  • curing agents isocyanates, organic sulfonates, etc. can be added to unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethane resins, etc., organic amines, etc. can be added to epoxy resins, peroxides such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, azoisobutyl nitrile, etc.
  • a radical initiator can be added to the unsaturated polyester resin.
  • Examples of the method for forming the surface protective layer with a thermosetting resin include a method in which a solution of a thermosetting resin is applied by a coating method such as a roll coating method or a gravure coating method and then dried and cured.
  • the coating amount of the solution is about 5 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably about 5 to 40 ⁇ m in terms of solid content.
  • the ionizing radiation curable resin is not limited as long as it is a resin that undergoes a crosslinking polymerization reaction upon irradiation with ionizing radiation and changes to a three-dimensional polymer structure.
  • one or more prepolymers, oligomers and monomers having a polymerizable unsaturated bond or epoxy group that can be crosslinked by irradiation with ionizing radiation in the molecule can be used.
  • examples thereof include acrylate resins such as urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, and epoxy acrylate; silicon resins such as siloxane; polyester resins; epoxy resins and the like.
  • Examples of the ionizing radiation include ultraviolet rays (near ultraviolet rays, vacuum ultraviolet rays, etc.), X-rays, electron beams, ion beams, etc. Among them, ultraviolet rays and electron beams are preferable, and electron beams are more preferable.
  • an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp As the ultraviolet light source, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a black light fluorescent lamp, or a metal halide lamp can be used.
  • the wavelength of ultraviolet light is about 190 to 380 nm.
  • the electron beam source for example, various electron beam accelerators such as a cockcroft-wald type, a bandegraft type, a resonant transformer type, an insulating core transformer type, a linear type, a dynamitron type, and a high frequency type can be used.
  • the energy of the electron beam is preferably about 100 to 1000 keV, more preferably about 100 to 300 keV.
  • the irradiation amount of the electron beam is preferably about 2 to 15 Mrad.
  • the ionizing radiation curable resin is sufficiently cured when irradiated with an electron beam, but it is preferable to add a photopolymerization initiator (sensitizer) when cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.
  • a photopolymerization initiator sensitizer
  • Photopolymerization initiators in the case of resin systems having radically polymerizable unsaturated groups include, for example, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, Michler benzoylbenzoate, Michler ketone, diphenyl sulfide, dibenzyl disulfide , Diethyl oxide, triphenylbiimidazole, isopropyl-N, N-dimethylaminobenzoate and the like can be used.
  • a resin system having a cationic polymerizable functional group for example, at least one kind such as an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic sulfonium salt, a metallocene compound, a benzoin sulfonic acid ester, and a freeloxysulfoxonium diallyl iodosyl salt.
  • an aromatic diazonium salt an aromatic sulfonium salt, a metallocene compound, a benzoin sulfonic acid ester, and a freeloxysulfoxonium diallyl iodosyl salt.
  • the addition amount of the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but is generally about 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ionizing radiation curable resin.
  • a solution of an ionizing radiation curable resin may be applied by a coating method such as a gravure coating method or a roll coating method.
  • the coating amount of the solution is about 5 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably about 5 to 40 ⁇ m, as a solid content.
  • an inorganic filler may be blended.
  • inorganic fillers include powdered aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, calcium titanate, barium titanate, magnesium pyroborate, zinc oxide, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, boron nitride, Examples include diamond, gold sand and glass fiber.
  • the amount of the inorganic filler added is about 1 to 80 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ionizing radiation curable resin.
  • the decorative sheet preferably has a synthetic resin backer layer on the lowermost layer of the decorative sheet, that is, on the plywood side of the design layer.
  • the synthetic resin backer layer By having the synthetic resin backer layer, the impact resistance of the decorative material is further improved.
  • Examples of the resin constituting the synthetic resin backer layer include polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene, polymethylpentene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyalkylene terephthalate having high heat resistance [for example, a part of ethylene glycol is 1 Polyethylene terephthalate substituted with 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, diethylene glycol, etc., so-called trade name PET-G (manufactured by Eastman Chemical Company)], polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene naphthalate-isophthalate copolymer, Amorphous polyester (A-PET), polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyimide, polystyrene, polyamide, ABS and the like can be mentioned. These resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the thickness of the synthetic resin backer layer is preferably 0.10 to 0.60 mm, the lower limit is more preferably 0.13 or more and 0.15 or more, and the upper limit is 0.45 or less, 0.30 or less. 0.25 or less and 0.20 or less are more preferable.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the synthetic resin backer layer is within the above range, the impact resistance of the decorative material is further improved.
  • the curvature of a decorative material is further suppressed because the upper limit of the thickness of the synthetic resin backer layer is in the above range. Note that 0.13 to 0.25 is a particularly preferable range.
  • Lamination of each layer is performed by, for example, forming a pattern layer (solid ink layer, pattern ink layer) on one surface of the base sheet by printing and then laminating a transparent resin on the pattern layer by a T-die extrusion method or the like, or A transparent resin layer is laminated by a dry lamination method via a known dry lamination adhesive such as a two-component curable urethane resin, a surface protective layer is formed to produce a design layer intermediate, and T-die extrusion It can carry out by the method of laminating
  • An uneven pattern may be formed on the decorative sheet by embossing from the transparent resin layer side or the surface protective layer side.
  • the concavo-convex pattern can be formed by heating press, hairline processing or the like.
  • Examples of the uneven pattern include a conduit groove, a stone plate surface unevenness, a cloth surface texture, a satin finish, a grain, a hairline, and a line groove.
  • the decorative sheet has the above-described configuration, when it is laminated on the plywood of the present invention and used as a decorative material, it has excellent impact resistance, and warpage and plywood cracking are suppressed. For this reason, the said decorative material can be used suitably as a decorative material for floors.
  • the manufacturing method of plywood of the present invention is a manufacturing method of plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top, (I) Step 1 for laminating the first layer and the second layer, and (II) After the step 1, the surface of the first layer is polished so that the thickness of the first layer is 1.0 mm. Having step 2 of adjusting to less than (1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood. (2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm, (3) The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer, (4) In the manufacturing method, the specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50. This manufacturing method is referred to as manufacturing method 1.
  • Step 1 is a step of laminating the first layer and the second layer. About the said 1st layer, the said 2nd layer, those thickness, and specific gravity, it is the same as the content demonstrated in the above-mentioned plywood.
  • the method for laminating the first layer and the second layer is not particularly limited, and an adhesive is applied and laminated between the first layer and the second layer, and a press machine such as a multistage hot press machine is used. Then, lamination may be performed by hot pressing for about 3 to 7 minutes under conditions of a pressure of about 0.69 to 1.18 MPa and a temperature of about 100 to 130 ° C.
  • the plywood When the plywood has the first layer, the second layer, and the other wood layers as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plywood is laminated by applying an adhesive between the layers, and is laminated by the above hot press. That's fine.
  • the adhesive used between the layers is not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and is omitted. Further, the adhesive layer formed by the adhesive is not included in the first to seventh layers forming the plywood of the present invention described above.
  • the adhesive is not particularly limited, and known woodworking adhesives can be widely used.
  • adhesives include, for example, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ionomer, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, natural rubber and the like as active ingredients.
  • thermosetting adhesives include melamine-based, phenol-based, urea-based (such as vinyl acetate-urea) adhesives.
  • the first layer, the second layer, and the other wood layer are laminated.
  • Step 2 is a step of polishing the surface of the first layer after Step 1 and adjusting the thickness of the first layer to less than 1.0 mm. By laminating the first layer and the second layer in step 1 and then polishing the surface of the first layer in step 2, the thickness of the first layer can be made uniform.
  • the polishing method for polishing the surface of the first layer is not particularly limited, and polishing can be performed using a sanding belt, a planar, a buff, a brush, or the like.
  • a polishing method using a sanding belt is preferable in that the surface of the first layer after polishing can be smoothed.
  • the thickness of the first layer after polishing may be less than 1.0 mm, and the thickness of the first layer before polishing may be 1.0 mm or more.
  • the thickness of the first layer before polishing is not particularly limited, and is preferably about 0.8 to 1.3 mm.
  • the surface of the first layer may be polished, and the wood layer on the surface opposite to the surface on which the first layer of the produced plywood is laminated may also be polished to adjust the thickness.
  • the surface of the first layer 11 is polished and the surface of the fifth layer 15 is also polished. May be.
  • the surface of the first layer 21 is polished and the entire surface of the seventh layer 27 is polished. You may grind
  • the thickness of the first layer is adjusted to less than 1.0 mm.
  • the method for producing a plywood of the present invention is also a method for producing a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top, (I) A step of preparing a poplar single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 to 0.47 as the first layer and a eucalyptus single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.90 as the second layer. 1, (II) Step 2 of laminating the first layer and the second layer, and (III) A method for manufacturing a plywood having a step 3 of adjusting the thickness of the first layer to less than 1.0 mm by polishing the surface of the first layer after the step 2. This manufacturing method is referred to as manufacturing method 2.
  • Step 1 in production method 2 prepares a poplar veneer with an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 or more and 0.47 or less as the first layer, and a eucalyptus veneer with an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 or more and 0.90 or less as the second layer. It is a process to do.
  • the 1st layer and 2nd layer whose air-dry specific gravity is the said range are prepared, and it uses for the process 2 demonstrated below.
  • Steps 2 and 3 in manufacturing method 2 are the same as steps 1 and 2 in manufacturing method 1 described above, except that the first layer and the second layer having an air-dry specific gravity within the above range prepared in step 1 are used. It is.
  • a poplar veneer having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 or more and 0.47 or less is used for the first layer, and a eucalyptus veneer having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 or more and 0.90 or less is used for the second layer.
  • a plywood having excellent impact resistance can be produced.
  • the air-dry specific gravity means a specific gravity calculated by dividing the weight of wood in the air-dried state by its volume, and the air-dried state has a moisture content of 15%. The state of the wood at the time.
  • Example 1 (Production of plywood)
  • a poplar single plate having a thickness of 1.3 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar.
  • a eucalyptus veneer having a thickness of 2.7 mm and a specific gravity of 0.55 was prepared by slicing eucalyptus.
  • poplar single plates similar to the first layer were prepared as the third layer, fifth layer, and seventh layer, and eucalyptus single plates similar to the second layer were prepared as the fourth layer and sixth layer.
  • Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the seventh layer from the first layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer
  • a laminate of wood layers was prepared so as to have a layer structure of: / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate.
  • the laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together.
  • the thickness of the poplar single plate was 1.2 mm
  • the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 2.5 mm
  • the total thickness of the laminate was 12.3 mm.
  • the first layer and the seventh layer were sanded and polished so that the thickness of the first layer was 0.9 mm and the total thickness of the plywood was 11.5 mm. That is, each thickness from the first layer to the sixth layer is 0.9 mm / 2.5 mm / 1.2 mm / 2.5 mm / 1.2 mm / 2.5 mm, and by sanding polishing the seventh layer The thickness was adjusted to produce a plywood having a total thickness of 11.5 mm.
  • Example 2 The types and thicknesses of the trees of the first layer and the second layer were as shown in Table 1, and the same single plate as in Example 1 was laminated as the third layer to the seventh layer. That is, the layers from the first layer to the seventh layer were laminated using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 above, and the thickness was adjusted, so that the poplar single plate 0.8 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / Poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm / poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm, plywood The total thickness was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
  • Example 3 The types and thicknesses of the trees of the first layer and the second layer were as shown in Table 1, and the same single plate as in Example 1 was laminated as the third layer to the seventh layer. That is, each layer from the first layer to the seventh layer is laminated using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 above, and the thickness is adjusted, so that the poplar single plate 0.6 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / Poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm / poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm, plywood The total thickness was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
  • Example 4 (Production of plywood)
  • a poplar single plate having a thickness of 1.4 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar.
  • a eucalyptus veneer having a thickness of 2.7 mm and a specific gravity of 0.55 was prepared by slicing eucalyptus.
  • poplar single plates similar to the first layer were prepared as the third layer, fifth layer, and seventh layer, and eucalyptus single plates similar to the second layer were prepared as the fourth layer and sixth layer.
  • Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the seventh layer from the first layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer
  • a laminate of wood layers was prepared so as to have a layer structure of: / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate.
  • the laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together.
  • the thickness of the poplar single plate was 1.3 mm
  • the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 2.5 mm
  • the total thickness of the laminate was 12.7 mm.
  • Table 1 shows the tree types and thicknesses of the first and second layers. That is, each layer from the first layer to the seventh layer is made of poplar single plate 0.3 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / poplar single plate 1.3 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / poplar single plate 1.3 mm. / The Eucalyptus veneer was 2.5 mm, and the thickness was adjusted by sanding polishing the poplar veneer as the seventh layer, so that the total thickness of the plywood was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
  • Example 5 (Production of plywood) As a first layer, a poplar single plate having a thickness of 3.5 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar. Moreover, the eucalyptus single board of thickness 3.5mm and specific gravity 0.55 was prepared by slicing eucalyptus as a 2nd layer. Further, poplar single plates similar to the first layer were prepared as the third layer and the fifth layer, and eucalyptus single plates similar to the second layer were prepared as the fourth layer.
  • Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the 5th layer from the 1st layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer
  • a laminate of wood layers was prepared by laminating so as to have a layer structure of / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate.
  • the laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together.
  • the thickness of the poplar single plate was 3.2 mm
  • the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 3.2 mm
  • the total thickness of the laminate was 16.0 mm.
  • each layer from the first layer to the fifth layer is made of poplar veneer 0.9 mm / eucalyptus veneer 3.2 mm / poplar veneer 3.2 mm / eucalyptus veneer 3.2 mm as the fifth layer.
  • the thickness was adjusted by sanding polishing the poplar single plate, so that the total thickness of the plywood was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
  • Example 6 The types and thicknesses of the trees of the first layer and the second layer were as shown in Table 1, and the same single plate as in Example 1 was laminated as the third layer to the seventh layer. That is, the layers from the first layer to the seventh layer were laminated using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 above, and the thickness was adjusted, so that Falkata single plate 0.6 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / Poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm / poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm, plywood The total thickness was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
  • Example 7 (Production of plywood)
  • a poplar single plate having a thickness of 1.3 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar.
  • eucalyptus single plates having a thickness of 2.2 mm and a specific gravity of 0.55 were prepared by slicing eucalyptus.
  • a poplar veneer similar to the first layer was prepared as the seventh layer, and eucalyptus veneers similar to the second layer were prepared as the third to sixth layers.
  • Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the seventh layer from the first layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer Laminate was prepared so as to have a layer structure of: / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer.
  • the laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together.
  • the thickness of the poplar single plate was 1.2 mm
  • the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 2.0 mm
  • the total thickness of the laminate was 12.4 mm.
  • the first layer and the seventh layer were sanded and polished so that the thickness of the first layer was 0.8 mm and the total thickness of the plywood was 11.5 mm. That is, each thickness from the first layer to the sixth layer is 0.8 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm, and by sanding polishing the seventh layer The thickness was adjusted to produce a plywood having a total thickness of 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
  • Example 8 (Production of plywood)
  • a poplar single plate having a thickness of 1.3 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar.
  • the eucalyptus veneer of thickness 2.1mm and specific gravity 0.55 was prepared by slicing eucalyptus as a 2nd layer.
  • a poplar veneer similar to the first layer was prepared as the ninth layer, and eucalyptus veneers similar to the second layer were prepared as the third to eighth layers.
  • Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the 9th layer from the first layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer Laminate was prepared to have a layer structure of: / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer.
  • the laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together.
  • the thickness of the poplar single plate was 1.2 mm
  • the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 1.9 mm
  • the total thickness of the laminate was 15.7 mm.
  • the first layer and the ninth layer were sanded and polished so that the thickness of the first layer was 0.6 mm and the total thickness of the plywood was 14.5 mm. That is, each thickness from the first layer to the eighth layer is 0.6 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm, The thickness was adjusted by sanding and polishing 9 layers to produce a plywood having a total thickness of 14.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
  • Comparative Example 1 The types and thicknesses of the trees of the first layer and the second layer were as shown in Table 1, and the same single plate as in Example 1 was laminated as the third layer to the seventh layer. That is, each layer from the first layer to the seventh layer was laminated using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 above, and the thickness was adjusted, so that the poplar single plate 1.2 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / Poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm / poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm, thickness is adjusted by sanding polishing the seventh layer poplar veneer, The total thickness was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
  • Reference example 1 (Production of decorative sheet) A gravure coating method applies urethane cellulose resin (added 5 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate to 100 parts by weight of a mixture of urethane and nitrified cotton) on one side of a colored polypropylene film having a thickness of 60 ⁇ m subjected to double-sided corona discharge treatment. A back primer layer was formed. The back primer layer was 1 ⁇ m.
  • a solid ink layer and a pattern ink layer are sequentially formed by gravure printing using a printing ink containing an acrylic urethane resin (100 parts by weight of acrylic polyol and 5 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate) as a binder.
  • a patterned ink layer was formed.
  • the ink layer was 3 ⁇ m.
  • a propylene-based resin was heated and melt-extruded with a T-die extruder so as to have a thickness of 80 ⁇ m to form a transparent resin layer.
  • the transparent resin layer is subjected to corona discharge treatment, and a surface protective layer is applied to the treated surface by an acrylic urethane-based resin (100 parts by weight of acrylic polyol added with 5 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate) by a gravure coating method.
  • a primer layer was formed.
  • the primer layer for the surface protective layer was 1 ⁇ m.
  • a urethane acrylate electron beam curable resin is applied onto the primer layer for the surface protective layer by a roll coating method, dried, and then applied to an uncured electron radiation curable resin layer in an environment having an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less (
  • a surface protective layer made of an electron radiation curable resin was formed by irradiating with an accelerating voltage of 175 KeV and an irradiation amount of 5 Mrad.
  • the surface protective layer was 15 ⁇ m.
  • embossing is performed from the surface protective layer side with a wood grain conduit embossed plate or a bark / abstract embossed plate with a plate depth of 50 ⁇ m to form a wood grain conduit or bark / abstracted uneven pattern with a thickness of 0.16 mm
  • the intermediate of the design layer was obtained.
  • a synthetic resin sheet (synthetic resin backer layer) was formed by co-extrusion of A-PET (amorphous polyester) with a T-die extruder.
  • the thickness of the backer layer was 0.25 mm, and the Martens hardness was 150 N / mm 2 .
  • a synthetic resin backer layer was laminated on the back surface primer layer of the design layer intermediate with a urethane adhesive layer by a dry laminating method to produce a decorative sheet as a design layer.
  • the thickness of the decorative sheet was 0.41 mm.
  • the synthetic resin backer layer side surface of the decorative sheet and the first layer side surface of the plywood are bonded together via a reactive hot-melt (PUR) adhesive (thickness 50 ⁇ m), and a predetermined dimension (145 mm ⁇ 900 mm) to produce a decorative material.
  • PUR reactive hot-melt
  • Reference example 2 A decorative sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the thickness of the backer layer was changed to 0.13 mm and the thickness of the propylene resin was changed from 80 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m. The thickness of the decorative sheet was 0.27 mm.
  • Reference example 3 A decorative sheet was produced in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 except that the thickness of the backer layer was 0.20 mm. The thickness of the decorative sheet was 0.34 mm.
  • a urethane acrylate UV curable coating is applied to the surface of the veneer three times in the order of natural roll coating, reverse roll coating, and natural roll coating to form an undercoat layer consisting of 10 g / m 2. did. Immediately in the air, ultraviolet rays were irradiated with an electroded ultraviolet lamp to cure the undercoat layer.
  • the intermediate layer which consists of a coating film of 12 g / m ⁇ 2 > was formed on the hardened undercoat layer with the natural roll coat method. Immediately in the air, the intermediate layer was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays with an electroded ultraviolet lamp. The surface of the cured intermediate layer was polished with No. 360 polishing paper and the powder generated during polishing was removed.
  • the top coat layer which consists of a coating film of 10 g / m ⁇ 2 > was formed in the cured intermediate
  • the surface coating layer was formed by irradiating the top coat layer with ultraviolet light using an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp to cure it. Cut into predetermined dimensions (145 mm ⁇ 900 mm) to produce a decorative material.
  • the thickness of the surface protective layer was 30 ⁇ m.
  • a high-pressure melamine decorative board produced by the following method was prepared instead of the decorative sheet. That is, an ink layer was formed by gravure printing on one surface of white titanium paper having a basis weight of 30 g / m 2 using a urethane resin as a binder, and a pattern was printed. The thickness of the ink layer was 3 ⁇ m. Next, a thermosetting resin composition comprising 50 parts by mass of melamine formaldehyde resin, 45 parts by mass of water, and 5 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol is prepared, and the melamine resin has a ratio of 100 g / m 2 (when dried).
  • a melamine-impregnated decorative sheet was prepared by impregnating the pattern with an impregnation apparatus and drying.
  • a melamine-impregnated decorative sheet is laminated on two sheets of phenol resin-impregnated core paper having a basis weight of 245 g / m 2 prepared by impregnating a kraft paper with a resin composition comprising a phenol resin to produce a laminate.
  • the laminate is sandwiched between two press plates and heat molded using a hot press machine under conditions of a pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 , a molding temperature of 150 ° C. and a holding time of 10 minutes, and a high-pressure melamine decorative board (thickness 0.4 mm) ) was produced.
  • a high-pressure melamine decorative board was used instead of the decorative sheet.
  • the adhesive used when bonding the high-pressure melamine decorative board and the surface on the first layer side of the plywood was changed to a water-soluble emulsion adhesive, and the coating thickness was 35 ⁇ m.
  • the following water-soluble emulsion adhesives were used.

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  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a plywood having superior impact resistance, and a production method for the plywood. The present invention provides a plywood that has at least a first layer and a second layer in this order from the top, and that is characterized in that: (1) each of the first and second layers is made from a wood material; (2) the first layer has a thickness of less than 1.0 mm; (3) the second layer has a specific gravity greater than that of the first layer; and (4) the first layer has a specific gravity of less than 0.50.

Description

合板及びその製造方法Plywood and manufacturing method thereof
　本発明は、合板及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a plywood and a manufacturing method thereof.
　従来、床用化粧材等の化粧材を構成する木質基材として、合板が用いられている。合板とは、ロータリーレース、スライサー等により切削した単板（たんばん）と呼ばれる木材の薄板を用い、当該単板の繊維方向を互いにほぼ直角にして、複数枚の単板を接着して積層させた木質板である。 Conventionally, plywood has been used as a woody base material constituting a decorative material such as a decorative material for floors. Plywood is a thin board of wood called a single board (tanban) cut by a rotary lace, slicer, etc., and the single board is made by laminating a plurality of single boards by making the fiber directions almost perpendicular to each other. A wooden board.
　化粧材に用いられる合板には、耐衝撃性等の物性や意匠性が要求される。このため、合板を構成する単板として、高硬度で平滑性に優れ、意匠性が良いラワン材やバーチ材等の、比重が０．５０以上の高比重の単板が用いられている。化粧材に用いられる合板としては、このような高比重の単板を用いる高比重の単板のみが積層された合板や、最表層に高い比重の単板が積層され、それ以外の層の一部又はそれ以外の層の全部として低比重の単板が積層された合板が用いられている。 Plywood used for decorative materials is required to have physical properties such as impact resistance and design properties. For this reason, as a single plate constituting the plywood, a single plate having a high specific gravity with a specific gravity of 0.50 or more, such as a lauan material or a birch material having high hardness, excellent smoothness and good design properties is used. As a plywood used for the decorative material, a plywood in which only a high specific gravity single plate using such a high specific gravity single plate is laminated, or a single plate having a high specific gravity is laminated on the outermost layer, and one of the other layers is laminated. A plywood in which a single plate having a low specific gravity is laminated as a part or all of the other layers is used.
　上述のような合板として、合板基材に木質化粧単板を貼着させた木質基板であって、合板基材の表面単板として比重０．６以上の広葉樹を使用して成る木質基板が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 As a plywood as described above, a wood substrate made by sticking a wood veneer veneer to a plywood substrate, and using a hardwood having a specific gravity of 0.6 or more as the surface veneer of the plywood substrate is proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
　しかしながら、上述のような高比重の単板であるラワン材、バーチ材等は、世界的な森林資源保護による伐採制限等の動きにより生産量が調整・削減されており、安定して供給されないという問題がある。 However, the production of lauan and birch, which are single plates with high specific gravity as described above, has been adjusted / reduced due to movements such as logging restrictions due to the protection of forest resources around the world, and is not supplied stably. There's a problem.
　上述の問題を解消するために、ラワン材、バーチ材の単板の代替えとして、ラワン材、バーチ材と比較して成長が速く、短期間で収穫できる早生樹の単板を用いることが検討されている。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is considered to use a single veneer of a fast-growing tree that can grow quickly and can be harvested in a short period of time as an alternative to a single veneer of lauan or birch. ing.
　しかしながら、早生樹は成長が早いため、短期間で収穫できる一方で、比重が０．５未満と低比重となるものが多く、ラワン材、バーチ材等と比較して低硬度となる。このため、これらの種類の樹木の単板を積層した合板が、耐衝撃性に劣るという問題がある。 However, fast-growing trees grow quickly and can be harvested in a short period of time. On the other hand, many of them have a specific gravity of less than 0.5 and a low specific gravity, and have a lower hardness than lauan, birch and the like. For this reason, there exists a problem that the plywood which laminated | stacked the single board of these kinds of trees is inferior to impact resistance.
　従って、低比重の樹木を利用した、耐衝撃性に優れた合板及びその製造方法の開発が望まれている。 Therefore, it is desired to develop a plywood having excellent impact resistance using a low specific gravity tree and a method for producing the same.
特開平１－１０５７０３号公報JP-A-1-105703
　本発明は、耐衝撃性に優れた合板及び合板の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a plywood excellent in impact resistance and a method for manufacturing the plywood.
　本発明者等は、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、少なくとも第１層及び第２層を有する合板において、第１層及び第２層が木質材であり、第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満であり、第２層の比重は、第１層の比重より大きい構成とすることで、上記目的を達成できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that, in a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer, the first layer and the second layer are wood materials, and the thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm. The inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by setting the specific gravity of the second layer to be higher than that of the first layer, and have completed the present invention.
　即ち、本発明は、下記の合板及び合板の製造方法に関する。
１．少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板であって、
（１）前記第１層及び前記第２層は木質材であり、
（２）前記第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満であり、
（３）前記第２層の比重は、前記第１層の比重より大きく、
（４）前記第１層の比重は０．５０未満である、
ことを特徴とする合板。
２．前記第１層はポプラ単板であり、前記第２層はユーカリ単板である、項１に記載の合板。
３．前記第１層は中国産ポプラ単板である、項１に記載の合板。
４．前記第１層は、広葉樹単板である、項１に記載の合板。
５．前記第２層の比重は０．５０以上である、項１に記載の合板。
６．前記第２層は、前記第１層側の表面の少なくとも一部に節を有しており、前記第１層の節は、前記第２層の節より少ない、項１に記載の合板。
７．前記合板の層数は、５層又は７層である、項１に記載の合板。
８．床用化粧材用合板である、項１に記載の合板。
９．前記第１層の厚みは０．６ｍｍ以上０．９ｍｍ以下である、項１に記載の合板。
１０．少なくとも第１層及び第２層を有する合板の製造方法であって、
（Ｉ）前記第１層と前記第２層とを積層する工程１、及び
（ＩＩ）前記工程１の後に、前記第１層の表面を研磨して、前記第１層の厚みを１．０ｍｍ未満に調整する工程２を有し、
（１）前記第１層及び前記第２層は木質材であり、
（２）前記第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満であり、
（３）前記第２層の比重は、前記第１層の比重より大きく、
（４）前記第１層の比重は０．５０未満である、
ことを特徴とする合板の製造方法。
１１．　少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板の製造方法であって、
（Ｉ）前記第１層として気乾比重０．４０以上０．４７以下のポプラ単板、及び、前記第２層として気乾比重０．５０以上０．９０以下のユーカリ単板を用意する工程１、
（ＩＩ）前記第１層と前記第２層とを積層する工程２、並びに、
（ＩＩＩ）前記工程２の後に、前記第１層の表面を研磨して、前記第１層の厚みを１．０ｍｍ未満に調整する工程３を有する、
ことを特徴とする合板の製造方法。 That is, this invention relates to the manufacturing method of the following plywood and plywood.
1. A plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top,
(1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood.
(2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm,
(3) The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer,
(4) The specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50.
Plywood characterized by that.
2. The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the first layer is a poplar veneer and the second layer is a eucalyptus veneer.
3. Item 2. The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the first layer is a Chinese poplar veneer.
4). The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the first layer is a hardwood veneer.
5). Item 2. The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the specific gravity of the second layer is 0.50 or more.
6). Item 2. The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the second layer has a node on at least a part of the surface on the first layer side, and the node of the first layer is smaller than the node of the second layer.
7). Item 2. The plywood according to item 1, wherein the number of layers of the plywood is 5 layers or 7 layers.
8). Item 2. The plywood according to item 1, which is a plywood for a flooring decorative material.
9. Item 2. The plywood according to Item 1, wherein the thickness of the first layer is 0.6 mm or more and 0.9 mm or less.
10. A method for producing a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer,
(I) Step 1 for laminating the first layer and the second layer, and (II) After the step 1, the surface of the first layer is polished so that the thickness of the first layer is 1.0 mm. Having step 2 of adjusting to less than
(1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood.
(2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm,
(3) The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer,
(4) The specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50.
The manufacturing method of the plywood characterized by this.
11. A method for producing a plywood having a first layer and a second layer in order from at least the top,
(I) A step of preparing a poplar single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 to 0.47 as the first layer and a eucalyptus single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.90 as the second layer. 1,
(II) Step 2 of laminating the first layer and the second layer, and
(III) After the step 2, the step of polishing the surface of the first layer to adjust the thickness of the first layer to less than 1.0 mm,
The manufacturing method of the plywood characterized by this.
　本発明の合板は、耐衝撃性に優れている。また、本発明の合板の製造方法は、耐衝撃性に優れた合板を製造することができる。 The plywood of the present invention is excellent in impact resistance. Moreover, the manufacturing method of the plywood of this invention can manufacture the plywood excellent in impact resistance.
本発明の合板の層構成の一例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the laminated constitution of the plywood of this invention. 本発明の合板の層構成の一例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the laminated constitution of the plywood of this invention. 耐衝撃試験評価における凹み量の測定方法の一例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the measuring method of the amount of dents in impact resistance test evaluation. 比重の測定方法の一例を示す模式図である。（ａ）は合板を一定の大きさに切り出した図、（ｂ）は測定対象である層の厚みを薄くした図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the measuring method of specific gravity. (A) is the figure which cut out the plywood into the fixed magnitude | size, (b) is the figure which made thin the thickness of the layer which is a measuring object. 比重の測定方法の一例を示す模式図である。（ａ）は合板を一定の大きさに切り出した図、（ｂ）は測定対象である層の上に積層されている層を表面から厚み方向に削って全て除去した図、（ｃ）は測定対象である層の厚みを薄くした図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the measuring method of specific gravity. (A) is a diagram in which a plywood is cut out to a certain size, (b) is a diagram in which a layer laminated on the layer to be measured is scraped in the thickness direction from the surface, and all are removed, and (c) is a measurement. It is the figure which made thickness of the layer which is object thin. 本発明の合板を用いた化粧材の一例を示す２面図である。It is a 2nd page figure which shows an example of the decorative material using the plywood of this invention.
　以下、本発明の合板、及び合板の製造方法について詳細に説明する。なお、本発明の合板は、合板の第１層側の面がいわゆる「おもて面」であり、意匠層と積層される側の面である。よって、本明細書では、合板の第１層側の面の方向を「上」と称し、その反対側を「裏」又は「下」と称する。 Hereinafter, the plywood of the present invention and the manufacturing method of the plywood will be described in detail. In the plywood of the present invention, the surface on the first layer side of the plywood is a so-called “front surface”, which is the surface on the side laminated with the design layer. Therefore, in this specification, the direction of the surface on the first layer side of the plywood is referred to as “up”, and the opposite side is referred to as “back” or “down”.
１．合板
　本発明の合板は、少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板であって、（１）前記第１層及び前記第２層は木質材であり、（２）前記第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満であり、（３）前記第２層の比重は、前記第１層の比重より大きく、（４）前記第１層の比重は０．５０未満であることを特徴とする。 1. The plywood of the present invention is a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top, (1) the first layer and the second layer are wood materials, and (2) the first layer. The thickness of is less than 1.0 mm, (3) the specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer, and (4) the specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50. To do.
　上記特徴を有する本発明の合板は、第１層側から衝撃が加えられた際に、第１層に加わる衝撃を第２層でも受け止めることにより最終的に合板としての凹み量が抑制される。このため、本発明の合板は、優れた耐衝撃性を示すことができる。 The plywood according to the present invention having the above-described features can suppress the amount of dents as a plywood by finally receiving the impact applied to the first layer even when the impact is applied from the first layer side. For this reason, the plywood of this invention can show the outstanding impact resistance.
　なお、本明細書において、「合板」とは、ロータリーレース、スライサー等により切削した単板（たんばん）を用い、当該単板の繊維方向を互いにほぼ直角にして、複数枚の単板を接着して積層させた木質板を意味する。なお上記単板は、３枚以上の奇数枚を木目が互いに直交するように積層されていることがより好ましい。 In this specification, “plywood” means a single board (tanban) cut by a rotary lace, a slicer, etc., and the plurality of single boards are bonded by making the fiber directions of the single boards substantially perpendicular to each other. This means a laminated wooden board. In addition, it is more preferable that the single plate is laminated so that three or more odd-numbered sheets are orthogonal to each other.
　また、本明細書における「比重」は、以下の測定方法によって測定される値である。すなわち、合板を一定の大きさ、例えば１０×１０ｃｍの大きさに切り出す（図４（ａ））。このときの合板の表面積をＳ（ｃｍ２）とする。上述の１０×１０ｃｍの場合であれば、Ｓは１００ｃｍ２となる。切り出した合板を、乾燥器中で１０３±２℃の温度条件下で７２時間放置して乾燥させる。次いで、比重を測定する測定対象である層が、最表層に位置する場合（例えば、第１層）、乾燥後の合板の重量ｍ０（ｇ）及び厚みｈ０（ｃｍ）を測定する。次いで、測定対象である層（第１層）を表面から厚み方向に削って測定対象である層の一部を除去し、測定対象である層の厚みを薄くする（図４（ｂ））。測定対象である層の一部を除去後の合板の重量ｍ１（ｇ）及び厚みｈ１（ｃｍ）を測定する。上記測定値から、以下の式に基づいて測定対象である層の比重Ｇを測定する。
G＝[m0(g)－m1(g)]／[(h0(cm)－h1(cm)）×S(cm2)］　　　　（式）
　なお、上記式においては、単位はg/cm3であるが、当該単位を省略して比重とする。 In addition, “specific gravity” in the present specification is a value measured by the following measuring method. That is, the plywood is cut out to a certain size, for example, 10 × 10 cm (FIG. 4A). The surface area of the plywood at this time is defined as S (cm 2 ). In the case of the above-mentioned 10 × 10 cm, S is 100 cm 2 . The cut plywood is left to dry in a dryer at a temperature of 103 ± 2 ° C. for 72 hours. Next, when the layer to be measured for measuring the specific gravity is located on the outermost layer (for example, the first layer), the weight m0 (g) and the thickness h0 (cm) of the plywood after drying are measured. Next, the layer to be measured (first layer) is shaved from the surface in the thickness direction to remove a part of the layer to be measured, thereby reducing the thickness of the layer to be measured (FIG. 4B). The weight m1 (g) and thickness h1 (cm) of the plywood after removing a part of the layer to be measured are measured. From the measured value, the specific gravity G of the layer to be measured is measured based on the following formula.
G = [m0 (g) −m1 (g)] / [(h0 (cm) −h1 (cm)) × S (cm 2 )] (Formula)
In the above formula, the unit is g / cm 3 , but the unit is omitted and the specific gravity is used.
　なお、測定対象である層が合板の最表層に位置しない場合（例えば、図５（ａ）の第２層２２）、測定対象である層の最表層側に積層されている層（例えば、第１層）を表面から厚み方向に削って全て除去し、測定対象である層を最表層として（図５（ｂ））、上述の測定方法により測定対象である層の一部を除去し、測定対象である層の厚みを薄くして（図５（ｃ））、比重を測定すればよい。 When the layer to be measured is not located on the outermost layer of the plywood (for example, the second layer 22 in FIG. 5A), the layer (for example, the first layer stacked on the outermost layer side of the layer to be measured) 1 layer) is removed from the surface in the thickness direction, and the layer to be measured is defined as the outermost layer (FIG. 5 (b)), and a part of the layer to be measured is removed by the measurement method described above and measured. The specific gravity may be measured by reducing the thickness of the target layer (FIG. 5C).
　また、比重を測定する際は、合板を任意に３つ切り出して上述の方法によりそれぞれの比重Ｇを算出し、その３つの平均値を比重の測定値とする。なお、比重は、節を除いた部分で測定することを基本とする。 Also, when measuring the specific gravity, arbitrarily cut out three plywoods, calculate the specific gravity G by the above-mentioned method, and use the average value of the three as the measured value of specific gravity. The specific gravity is basically measured at the part excluding the nodes.
（第１層）
　第１層としては、後述するように、第２層の比重よりも小さく、その比重が０．５０未満であればその樹木の種類は限定されない。第１層としては、広葉樹単板が好ましい。第１層としては、具体的には、早生樹であるポプラ単板、ファルカタ単板等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、低比重の中でも比較的比重が高く、表面の平滑性に優れ、節が少ない点で、ポプラ単板がより好ましい。また、ポプラ単板としては、中国産ポプラを用いたポプラ単板を好適に用いることができる。 (First layer)
As will be described later, the type of tree is not limited as long as the first layer is smaller than the specific gravity of the second layer and the specific gravity is less than 0.50. The first layer is preferably a hardwood veneer. Specific examples of the first layer include poplar veneers and falkata veneers that are fast-growing trees. Among these, a poplar single plate is more preferable because it has a relatively high specific gravity among low specific gravity, excellent surface smoothness, and few nodes. Moreover, as the poplar single plate, a poplar single plate using Chinese poplar can be preferably used.
　なお、本明細書において、「ポプラ」とは、ヤナギ科に代表されるセイヨウハコヤナギやアメリカクロヤマナラシ、ヨーロッパクロヤマナラシ等を意味しており、それらの育成種や種間雑種も含まれる。また、モクレン科のイエローポプラと称されるアメリカンホワイトウッド等も含まれる。 In addition, in this specification, "poplar" means the American willow tree represented by the willow family, the American black willow, the European black willow, etc., and those breeding species and interspecific hybrids are also included. Also included are American whitewoods called yellow poplars of magnolia family.
　また、本明細書において「中国産ポプラ」とは、イタリーポプラまたは暖帯系ポプラと称されていることが多く、中国国内で育種・育林されている早生樹ポプラを意味する。 Further, in this specification, “Chinese poplar” is often referred to as Italian poplar or warm temperate poplar, and means an early-population poplar that has been bred and grown in China.
　第１層の比重は、後述する第２層の比重より小さく、０．５０未満であれば特に限定されない。第１層の比重の好ましい下限値としては０．４０超以上、０．４２以上、０．４５以上が挙げられ、好ましい上限値としては０．４８以下、０．４７以下が挙げられる。なお、第１層の比重の範囲としては、０．４２以上０．４７以下が特に好ましい。上述の範囲の比重であることにより、本発明の合板が、より一層優れた耐衝撃性を示す。 The specific gravity of the first layer is not particularly limited as long as it is smaller than the specific gravity of the second layer described below and less than 0.50. Preferred lower limit values of the specific gravity of the first layer include more than 0.40, 0.42 or more, and 0.45 or more, and preferred upper limit values include 0.48 or less and 0.47 or less. In addition, as a range of specific gravity of a 1st layer, 0.42 or more and 0.47 or less are especially preferable. Due to the specific gravity within the above-mentioned range, the plywood of the present invention exhibits even more excellent impact resistance.
　第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満である。第１層の厚みが１．０ｍｍ以上であると、合板の第１層側から加えられた衝撃の大半を第１層が受け止めることとなり、第１層の凹み量が多くなることで、当該凹みにより外観が低下する。第１層の厚みは、０．９ｍｍ以下が好ましく、０．８ｍｍ以下がより好ましい。また、第１層の厚みは、０．３ｍｍ以上が好ましく、０.５ｍｍ以上がより好ましく、０．６ｍｍ以上が更に好ましく、また、第１層と第２層の収縮率の違いから発生する可能性のある割れを避けるためには０．７ｍｍ以上が特に好ましい。第１層の厚みが上記範囲であると、第２層の節や木目や割れ、欠け等の軽微な凹凸が合板の表面から視認されることを一層抑制する。なお、第１層の厚みの範囲としては、０．６ｍｍ以上０．９ｍｍ以下が特に好ましい。 The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm. When the thickness of the first layer is 1.0 mm or more, the first layer receives most of the impact applied from the first layer side of the plywood, and the dent amount of the first layer increases. This reduces the appearance. The thickness of the first layer is preferably 0.9 mm or less, and more preferably 0.8 mm or less. Further, the thickness of the first layer is preferably 0.3 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, still more preferably 0.6 mm or more, and may occur due to the difference in shrinkage between the first layer and the second layer. In order to avoid the characteristic crack, 0.7 mm or more is particularly preferable. When the thickness of the first layer is within the above range, it is further suppressed that minor irregularities such as nodes, grain, cracks, and chips of the second layer are visually recognized from the surface of the plywood. In addition, as a range of the thickness of a 1st layer, 0.6 mm or more and 0.9 mm or less are especially preferable.
　第１層は、表面に節が目立たないことが好ましく、さらには節を有しないことが特に好ましい。第１層の表面の節が目立たない、或いは節を有しないことにより、本発明の合板の表面の平滑性がより一層向上する。また、第１層は、表面に節を有する場合であっても、第２層の節よりも少ないことが好ましい。 The first layer preferably has no noticeable nodes on the surface, and more preferably has no nodes. The smoothness of the surface of the plywood according to the present invention is further improved by making the nodes on the surface of the first layer inconspicuous or having no nodes. Further, even if the first layer has a node on the surface, it is preferable that the first layer has fewer nodes than the second layer.
（第２層）
　第２層としては、比重が第１層の比重よりも大きければその樹木の種類は限定されない。第２層としては、比較的高比重である点で、ユーカリ単板が好ましい。 (Second layer)
As a 2nd layer, if the specific gravity is larger than the specific gravity of a 1st layer, the kind of the tree will not be limited. As the second layer, a eucalyptus veneer is preferable in that it has a relatively high specific gravity.
　第２層の比重は、第１層の比重より大きい。第２層の比重は０．５０以上が好ましく、０．５５以上がより好ましい。また、上限値としては０．９０以下が好ましく、０．７５以下がより好ましく、０．６５以下が更に好ましく、さらには０．６０未満が特に好ましい。上述の範囲の比重であることにより、本発明の合板が、より一層耐優れた耐衝撃性や加工時の優れた切削性を示す。なお、第２層の比重の範囲としては、０．５５以上０．６０未満が特に好ましい。 The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer. The specific gravity of the second layer is preferably 0.50 or more, and more preferably 0.55 or more. Moreover, as an upper limit, 0.90 or less is preferable, 0.75 or less is more preferable, 0.65 or less is further more preferable, and also less than 0.60 is especially preferable. Due to the specific gravity within the above-mentioned range, the plywood of the present invention exhibits even more excellent impact resistance and excellent machinability during processing. In addition, as a range of specific gravity of a 2nd layer, 0.55 or more and less than 0.60 are especially preferable.
　第２層の厚みは特に限定はないが、１．０ｍｍ以上が好ましく、１．３ｍｍ以上がより好ましい。第２層の厚みの下限が上記範囲であると、本発明の合板が、より一層耐優れた耐衝撃性を示す。 The thickness of the second layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.0 mm or more, and more preferably 1.3 mm or more. When the lower limit of the thickness of the second layer is within the above range, the plywood of the present invention exhibits even more excellent impact resistance.
　第２層は、表面の少なくとも一部に節を有していてもよい。本発明の合板は、上記第１層を有するので、第２層が表面の少なくとも一部に節を有する場合であっても、合板の表面から当該節が視認されることを抑制することができる。 The second layer may have a node on at least a part of the surface. Since the plywood of the present invention has the first layer, even when the second layer has a node on at least a part of the surface, the node can be prevented from being visually recognized from the surface of the plywood. .
　本発明の合板の層構成は、少なくとも第１層及び第２層を有しており、合板用原木を薄く削った薄板である単板を何枚か貼り合わせていれば特に限定されない。本発明の合板においては、上記単板は、奇数枚を木目が互いに直交するように貼り合わされていることがより好ましい。 The layer structure of the plywood of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has at least a first layer and a second layer, and some single plates, which are thin plates obtained by thinly cutting a plywood log, are bonded together. In the plywood according to the present invention, it is more preferable that the single plate is bonded so that odd-numbered sheets are orthogonal to each other.
　本発明の合板は、少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有していれば、他の木質層を有する層構成であってもよい。このような層構成としては、第１層を最表面として、当該第１層の下に第２層が積層され、さらには、その下に他の木質層が積層されて、奇数の木質層を有する層構成が挙げられる。このような層構成としては、例えば、図１の合板１のように、上から順に第１層１１／第２層１２／第３層１３／第４層１４／第５層１５を有する合板、図２の合板２のように、上から順に第１層２１／第２層２２／第３層２３／第４層２４／第５層２５／第６層２６／第７層２７を有する合板が挙げられる。合板の木質層の数は、５層又は７層に限られず、何層であってもよいが、３～９層が好ましく、５～７層がより好ましい。また、合板の反りをより一層抑制することができる点で、上記合板の木質層の数は奇数であることが好ましい。 The plywood of the present invention may have a layer structure having another woody layer as long as it has at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top. As such a layer structure, the first layer is the outermost surface, the second layer is laminated under the first layer, and further, another wood layer is laminated under the first layer to form an odd number of wood layers. The layer structure which has is mentioned. As such a layer configuration, for example, a plywood having a first layer 11 / second layer 12 / third layer 13 / fourth layer 14 / fifth layer 15 in order from the top, like the plywood 1 in FIG. Like the plywood 2 in FIG. 2, a plywood having a first layer 21 / second layer 22 / third layer 23 / fourth layer 24 / fifth layer 25 / sixth layer 26 / seventh layer 27 in order from the top. Can be mentioned. The number of wood layers of plywood is not limited to 5 or 7 layers, and may be any number, but 3 to 9 layers are preferable, and 5 to 7 layers are more preferable. Moreover, it is preferable that the number of the wood layers of the said plywood is an odd number at the point which can suppress further the curvature of a plywood.
　合板の総厚みは特に限定はされず、内装材として用いる場合の施工容易性を考慮すると、５．０ｍｍ以上３０．０ｍｍ以下が好ましく、下限値としては、５．５ｍｍ以上がより好ましく、７．５ｍｍ以上、９．０ｍｍ以上が特に好ましい。また上限値としては、１５．５ｍｍ以下がより好ましく、１２．５ｍｍ以下が更に好ましい。なお、９．０ｍｍ以上１２．５ｍｍ以下が特に好ましい厚みであり、この場合、上記木質層の層数は５～７層が好ましく、特に７層が好ましい。また１５ｍｍ前後の厚みの場合には、９層が特に好ましい。なおリビングや廊下などのフローリング材といった一般的な木質フローリング材の厚みは、通常約８ｍｍ、約１２ｍｍ、約１５ｍｍ等である。また、後述する意匠層を積層する場合、当該意匠層を含めて、全体の層厚みにて約８ｍｍ、約１２ｍｍ、約１５ｍｍとされるのが一般的である。 The total thickness of the plywood is not particularly limited, and is preferably 5.0 mm or more and 30.0 mm or less, and more preferably 5.5 mm or more as a lower limit, considering the ease of construction when used as an interior material. 5 mm or more and 9.0 mm or more are particularly preferable. Moreover, as an upper limit, 15.5 mm or less is more preferable, and 12.5 mm or less is still more preferable. The thickness is particularly preferably 9.0 mm or more and 12.5 mm or less. In this case, the number of the wood layers is preferably 5 to 7, and more preferably 7 layers. In the case of a thickness of about 15 mm, 9 layers are particularly preferable. The thickness of a general wood flooring material such as a flooring material in a living room or a corridor is usually about 8 mm, about 12 mm, about 15 mm, or the like. When a design layer described later is laminated, the total layer thickness including the design layer is generally about 8 mm, about 12 mm, and about 15 mm.
　上記図１の合板１において、所謂フェイスと称される表面の第１層１１と所謂バックと称される裏面の第５層１５として同じ種類の樹木の単板を用いる。第２層１２から第４層１４としては同じ種類の樹木の単板を用いてもよいし、第３層１３を第１層１１、第５層１５と同じ種類の樹木の単板を用いてもよい。また、第２層１２及び第４層１４は、同じ種類の樹木の単板を用いることが好ましい。このような図１の合板の具体的な層構成を例示すると、上から順に、ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板を有する層構成や、ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板を有する層構成等が挙げられる。 In the plywood 1 shown in FIG. 1, the same type of wood veneer is used as the first layer 11 on the front surface called “face” and the fifth layer 15 on the back surface called “back”. As the second layer 12 to the fourth layer 14, the same type of wood veneer may be used, or the third layer 13 may be made of the same type of wood veneer as the first layer 11 and the fifth layer 15. Also good. In addition, it is preferable that the second layer 12 and the fourth layer 14 use the same type of wood veneer. Examples of the specific layer structure of the plywood in FIG. 1 include, in order from the top, a layer structure including a poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer, Examples include a layer structure having a eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer.
　上記図２の合板２において、所謂フェイスと称される表面の第１層２１と所謂バックと称される裏面の第７層２７として同じ種類の樹木の単板を用いる。第２層２２から第６層２６として同じ種類の樹木の単板を用いてもよいが、第１層２１、第３層２３、第５層２５、及び第７層２７として、同じ種類の樹木の単板を用いることが好ましい。また、第２層２２、第４層２４及び第６層２６は、同じ種類の樹木の単板を用いることが好ましい。このような図２の合板の具体的な層構成としては、上から順に、ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板を有する層構成や、ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板を有する層構成、ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板を有する層構成等が挙げられる。 In the plywood 2 shown in FIG. 2, the same type of single veneer is used as the first layer 21 on the front surface called the face and the seventh layer 27 on the back surface called the back. The same type of trees may be used as the second layer 22 to the sixth layer 26, but the same type of trees as the first layer 21, the third layer 23, the fifth layer 25, and the seventh layer 27. It is preferable to use a single plate. In addition, it is preferable that the second layer 22, the fourth layer 24, and the sixth layer 26 use the same type of tree veneer. As a specific layer structure of the plywood of FIG. 2, the layers having poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate in order from the top. Composition, layer structure with poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer, poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer For example, a layer structure having a / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer.
　本発明の合板は、意匠層と積層することにより化粧材として用いることができる。意匠層としては、化粧材に意匠性を付与することができれば特に限定されず、例えば、天然の木材をスライスした突板や合成樹脂等で構成される化粧シートが挙げられる。本発明の合板は、上述の構成であるので、耐衝撃性に優れている。このため、本発明の合板は、意匠層と積層して化粧材とする際に、例えば、１ｍｍ以上といった厚みの意匠層を用いる必要がなく、意匠層と合板との線膨張率の差等により発生する反りが抑制されている。以上より、本発明の合板は、意匠層と積層することにより床用化粧材用合板として好適に用いることができる。 The plywood of the present invention can be used as a decorative material by laminating with a design layer. The design layer is not particularly limited as long as design properties can be imparted to the decorative material, and examples thereof include a decorative sheet made of a veneer sliced from natural wood, a synthetic resin, or the like. Since the plywood of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it has excellent impact resistance. For this reason, when the plywood of the present invention is laminated with a design layer to make a decorative material, for example, it is not necessary to use a design layer having a thickness of 1 mm or more, and due to a difference in linear expansion coefficient between the design layer and the plywood, etc. The generated warpage is suppressed. From the above, the plywood of the present invention can be suitably used as a plywood for a flooring decorative material by laminating with a design layer.
　化粧材の製造方法としては特に限定されず、従来公知の方法により製造することができる。上記製造方法としては、例えば、合板の第１層上に、意匠層を積層する工程を含む製造方法が挙げられる。 The method for producing the decorative material is not particularly limited, and it can be produced by a conventionally known method. As said manufacturing method, the manufacturing method including the process of laminating | stacking a design layer on the 1st layer of a plywood is mentioned, for example.
　上記合板の第１層上に、意匠層を積層する方法としては特に限定されず、直接印刷や転写、さらには接着剤層を介してこれらの層を積層する方法等が挙げられる。接着剤層を形成する接着剤としては、例えば、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル・酢酸ビニル共重合体、ウレタン、アクリル、ウレタン・アクリル、ウレタン・アクリル共重合体、エチレン・アクリル酸共重合体、アイオノマー、ブタジエン・アクリルニトリルゴム、ネオプレンゴム、天然ゴム等を有効成分とする水溶性エマルジョン系や溶剤系、ＰＵＲに例示される反応性ホットメルト系の接着剤が挙げられる。これらの中でも、作業容易性の点で水溶性エマルジョン系接着剤、反応性ホットメルト系接着剤が好ましく、積層工程後の外観が優れる点で反応性ホットメルト系接着剤がより好ましい。上記接着剤の硬化方法としては、１液型硬化、２液型硬化、熱硬化、湿気硬化、電子線や紫外線等の電離放射線硬化が挙げられる。接着剤層の厚さは限定的ではないが、０．１～５０μｍ程度が好ましい。 The method of laminating the design layer on the first layer of the plywood is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include direct printing and transfer, and a method of laminating these layers via an adhesive layer. Examples of the adhesive that forms the adhesive layer include polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate copolymer, urethane, acrylic, urethane / acrylic, urethane / acrylic copolymer, and ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer. Examples thereof include water-soluble emulsion systems, solvent systems, and reactive hot melt adhesives exemplified by PUR, which contain polymers, ionomers, butadiene / acrylonitrile rubbers, neoprene rubbers, natural rubbers and the like as active ingredients. Among these, a water-soluble emulsion adhesive and a reactive hot-melt adhesive are preferable from the viewpoint of workability, and a reactive hot-melt adhesive is more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent appearance after the lamination process. Examples of the curing method for the adhesive include one-component curing, two-component curing, heat curing, moisture curing, and ionizing radiation curing such as electron beam and ultraviolet light. The thickness of the adhesive layer is not limited, but is preferably about 0.1 to 50 μm.
　上記化粧材としては、少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板の、前記第１層上に意匠層を有する化粧材であって、
（１）前記第１層及び前記第２層は木質材であり、
（２）前記第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満であり、
（３）前記第２層の比重は、前記第１層の比重より大きい化粧材が挙げられる。 The decorative material is a decorative material having a design layer on the first layer of the plywood having the first layer and the second layer in order from the top,
(1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood.
(2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm,
(3) The second layer may have a specific gravity greater than that of the first layer.
　上記合板は、上記に説明した本発明の合板を用いることができる。上記化粧材は、上記合板の第１層上に意匠層を有している。すなわち、上記化粧材は、第１層の、第２層が積層される側とは反対側の面に、意匠層が積層されている。 The plywood of the present invention described above can be used as the plywood. The decorative material has a design layer on the first layer of the plywood. That is, in the decorative material, the design layer is laminated on the surface of the first layer opposite to the side on which the second layer is laminated.
　図６に、上記化粧材の一例を示す。図６は、化粧材の一例を示す２面図である。図６に記載の化粧材は、合板２の第１層２１の上に意匠層５が積層されて形成されている。図６に記載の化粧材は、合板にサネ（実）加工が施されており、紙面の上側に向かって突出する凸部である雄サネＡ、及び、紙面の下側に形成された凹部である雌サネＢを有している。図６に記載の化粧材は、サネ加工が施されることにより、雄サネＡと雌サネＢとを勘合させてサネ組み施工することが可能となっており、床用化粧材としてより一層好適に用いることができる。 FIG. 6 shows an example of the cosmetic material. FIG. 6 is a two-side view illustrating an example of a decorative material. The decorative material shown in FIG. 6 is formed by laminating the design layer 5 on the first layer 21 of the plywood 2. The decorative material shown in FIG. 6 is made of sane (actual) processing on the plywood, and is a male sap A that is a convex portion protruding toward the upper side of the paper surface, and a concave portion formed on the lower side of the paper surface. It has a certain female sanée B. The cosmetic material shown in FIG. 6 is capable of being assembled by applying the sane process to the male sane A and the female sane B, and is more suitable as a decorative material for floors. Can be used.
　以下、意匠層について説明する。 Hereinafter, the design layer will be described.
（意匠層）
　意匠層としては、本発明の合板に意匠性を付与することができれば特に限定されず、例えば、天然の木材をスライスした突板；メラミン化粧板等の、熱硬化型樹脂を含浸させた樹脂含浸紙を高温高圧で積層成形した樹脂化粧板；合成樹脂製等で構成される化粧シートが挙げられる。それ以外に合板の表面に着色や印刷により模様を設けてもよいし、また転写により意匠を形成してもよい。 (Design layer)
The design layer is not particularly limited as long as design properties can be imparted to the plywood of the present invention. For example, a resin-impregnated paper impregnated with thermosetting resin such as a veneer sliced from natural wood; a melamine decorative board And a decorative sheet made of synthetic resin or the like. In addition, a pattern may be provided on the surface of the plywood by coloring or printing, or a design may be formed by transfer.
　なお、本明細書において、突板は、ナラ材、カバ材等の木材を、０．２ｍｍ以上０．６ｍｍ以下程度の厚みで薄くスライスした美しい木目を持つ希少な天然板材である。なお、突板の表面には後述する表面保護層を塗布することができる。 In the present specification, the veneer is a rare natural plate having a beautiful grain that is obtained by thinly slicing wood such as oak or birch into a thickness of about 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm. In addition, the surface protective layer mentioned later can be apply | coated to the surface of a protrusion board.
　樹脂化粧板に用いる熱硬化型樹脂としては、従来公知の熱硬化型の樹脂を広く使用することができる。熱硬化型樹脂としては、例えば、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂等が挙げられる。このような意匠層としては、含浸紙として浸透性のある紙、合成紙、不織布等のシート状の繊維質基材に、上記熱硬化型樹脂を含浸させた樹脂化粧板を、単層又は複数層重ねて高温高圧で成形したものが挙げられる。 As the thermosetting resin used for the resin decorative board, conventionally known thermosetting resins can be widely used. Examples of the thermosetting resin include melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, phenol resin, diallyl phthalate resin, and the like. As such a design layer, a resin decorative board obtained by impregnating the above thermosetting resin into a sheet-like fibrous base material such as permeable paper, synthetic paper, and nonwoven fabric as impregnated paper is used. One obtained by stacking layers and molding at high temperature and high pressure can be mentioned.
　意匠層の総厚みは、０．１０ｍｍ以上が好ましく、０．２５ｍｍ以上がより好ましく、０．３０ｍｍ以上が更に好ましい。意匠層の総厚みの下限が上記範囲であると、化粧材の耐衝撃性がより一層向上する。また、意匠層の総厚みは、１．０ｍｍ以下が好ましく、０．７ｍｍ以下がより好ましく、０．６ｍｍ以下が更に好ましく、０．４５ｍｍ以下が特に好ましい。意匠層の総厚みの上限が上記範囲であると、化粧材の反りをより一層抑制することができる。なお、０．２５ｍｍ以上０．４５ｍｍ以下が特に好ましい。 The total thickness of the design layer is preferably 0.10 mm or more, more preferably 0.25 mm or more, and further preferably 0.30 mm or more. When the lower limit of the total thickness of the design layer is within the above range, the impact resistance of the decorative material is further improved. Further, the total thickness of the design layer is preferably 1.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.7 mm or less, still more preferably 0.6 mm or less, and particularly preferably 0.45 mm or less. When the upper limit of the total thickness of the design layer is within the above range, warping of the decorative material can be further suppressed. In addition, 0.25 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less are particularly preferable.
　上記意匠層として化粧シートを用いることにより、化粧材の耐衝撃性をより一層向上させることができ、耐候性、耐水性に優れる。以下、化粧シートの構成について、具体的に説明する。 By using a decorative sheet as the design layer, the impact resistance of the decorative material can be further improved, and the weather resistance and water resistance are excellent. Hereinafter, the configuration of the decorative sheet will be specifically described.
　化粧シートの構成は特に限定されず、例えば、基材シート、絵柄層（ベタインキ層・柄インキ層）、透明性接着剤層、透明性樹脂層及び表面保護層を順に有するものが好ましい。更に後述する合成樹脂製バッカー層上に基材シート、絵柄層（ベタインキ層・柄インキ層）、透明性接着剤層、透明性樹脂層及び表面保護層を順に有するものも好ましい。また基材シート、絵柄層（ベタインキ層・柄インキ層）、及び表面保護層を順に有するものも用いることができる。以下、この意匠層を例示的に説明する。なお、合成樹脂製バッカー層とは、意匠層の裏面側に位置するように積層され、木質基材などの表面凹凸の影響を緩和するとともに意匠層自体に耐衝撃性能を付与する合成樹脂製の層であり、意匠層の一部を構成する。 The configuration of the decorative sheet is not particularly limited. For example, a decorative sheet having a base sheet, a pattern layer (solid ink layer / pattern ink layer), a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent resin layer, and a surface protective layer is preferable. Furthermore, what has a base material sheet | seat, a pattern layer (solid ink layer / pattern ink layer), a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent resin layer, and a surface protective layer in order on the synthetic resin backer layer mentioned later is also preferable. A substrate sheet, a pattern layer (solid ink layer / pattern ink layer), and a surface protective layer in this order can also be used. Hereinafter, this design layer will be described as an example. The synthetic resin backer layer is laminated so as to be positioned on the back side of the design layer, and is made of a synthetic resin that alleviates the influence of surface irregularities such as a wooden substrate and imparts impact resistance to the design layer itself. It is a layer and constitutes a part of the design layer.
（基材シート）
　基材シートとしては、１）薄紙，上質紙，クラフト紙，和紙，チタン紙，樹脂含浸紙，紙間強化紙等の紙、２）木質繊維，ガラス繊維，石綿，ポリエステル繊維，ビニロン繊維，レーヨン繊維等からなる織布又は不織布、３）ポリオレフィン，ポリエステル，ポリアクリル，ポリアミド，ポリウレタン，ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂製シート、の１種又は２種以上の積層体が挙げられる。その中でも、３）の合成樹脂製シートが好ましい。 (Substrate sheet)
The base sheet is 1) paper such as thin paper, fine paper, kraft paper, Japanese paper, titanium paper, resin-impregnated paper, inter-paper reinforced paper, etc. 2) wood fiber, glass fiber, asbestos, polyester fiber, vinylon fiber, rayon Examples thereof include one or two or more laminates of woven or non-woven fabric made of fibers and the like, and 3) sheets of synthetic resin such as polyolefin, polyester, polyacryl, polyamide, polyurethane, and polystyrene. Among these, the synthetic resin sheet of 3) is preferable.
　基材シートの厚みは、２０～３００μｍ程度が好ましい。基材シートは、必要に応じて着色されていてもよい。また、表面にコロナ放電処理、プラズマ処理、オゾン処理等の表面処理が施されていてもよいし、隣接する層との密着性を高めるための下地塗料であるプライマーが塗布されていてもよい。 The thickness of the base sheet is preferably about 20 to 300 μm. The substrate sheet may be colored as necessary. Further, the surface may be subjected to surface treatment such as corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, ozone treatment or the like, or a primer which is a base coating for improving the adhesion with an adjacent layer may be applied.
（絵柄層）
　絵柄層は、柄インキ層及び／又はベタインキ層から構成される。絵柄層は、グラビア印刷、オフセット印刷、シルクスクリーン印刷等の印刷法により形成できる。柄インキ層の模様は、例えば、木目模様、石目模様、布目模様、皮紋模様、幾何学模様、文字、記号、線画、各種抽象模様等が挙げられる。ベタインキ層は、着色インキのベタ印刷により得られる。絵柄層は、柄インキ層及びベタインキ層の片方又は両方から構成される。 (Picture layer)
The pattern layer is composed of a pattern ink layer and / or a solid ink layer. The pattern layer can be formed by a printing method such as gravure printing, offset printing or silk screen printing. Examples of the pattern of the pattern ink layer include a wood grain pattern, a stone pattern, a cloth pattern, a skin pattern, a geometric pattern, characters, symbols, line drawings, various abstract patterns, and the like. The solid ink layer is obtained by solid printing of colored ink. The pattern layer is composed of one or both of a pattern ink layer and a solid ink layer.
　絵柄層に用いるインキとしては、ビヒクルとして、塩素化ポリエチレン、塩素化ポリプロピレン等の塩素化ポリオレフィン、ポリエステル、イソシアネートとポリオールからなるポリウレタン、ポリアクリル、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル－酢酸ビニル共重合体、セルロース系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂等を１種又は２種以上混合して用い、これに顔料、溶剤、各種補助剤等を加えてインキ化したものが使用できる。この中でも、環境問題、被印刷面との密着性等の観点より、ポリエステル、イソシアネートとポリオールからなるポリウレタン、ポリアクリル、ポリアミド系樹脂等の１種又は２種以上の混合物が好ましい。 As the ink used for the pattern layer, as a vehicle, chlorinated polyolefin such as chlorinated polyethylene and chlorinated polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane composed of isocyanate and polyol, polyacryl, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate are used. A polymer, a cellulose-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, or the like may be used alone or in combination, and a pigment, a solvent, various auxiliary agents, and the like may be added thereto to make an ink. Among these, from the viewpoint of environmental problems, adhesion to the printing surface, and the like, one or a mixture of two or more of polyester, polyurethane composed of isocyanate and polyol, polyacryl, polyamide-based resin, and the like is preferable.
（透明性接着剤層）
　透明性接着剤層は、必要に応じて絵柄層と透明性樹脂層との間に設けられる。透明性接着剤層は、例えば、２液硬化型ウレタン樹脂等の公知のドライラミネーション用接着剤を塗布・乾燥させることにより得られる。 (Transparent adhesive layer)
The transparent adhesive layer is provided between the picture layer and the transparent resin layer as necessary. The transparent adhesive layer can be obtained, for example, by applying and drying a known dry lamination adhesive such as a two-component curable urethane resin.
　透明性接着剤層は、乾燥後の厚みが０．１～３０μｍ程度が好ましく、１～５μｍ程度がより好ましい。 The thickness of the transparent adhesive layer after drying is preferably about 0.1 to 30 μm, more preferably about 1 to 5 μm.
（透明性樹脂層）
　透明性樹脂層は、透明性の樹脂層であれば特に限定されず、例えば、透明性の熱可塑性樹脂により好適に形成できる。 (Transparent resin layer)
A transparent resin layer will not be specifically limited if it is a transparent resin layer, For example, it can form suitably with a transparent thermoplastic resin.
　具体的には、軟質、半硬質又は硬質ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリアミド、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン－酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン－アクリル酸共重合体、エチレン－アクリル酸エステル共重合体、アイオノマー、アクリル酸エステル、メタアクリル酸エステル等の合成樹脂が挙げられる。上記の中でも、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂が好ましい。 Specifically, soft, semi-rigid or rigid polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid ester copolymer Synthetic resins such as polymers, ionomers, acrylic acid esters, and methacrylic acid esters are exemplified. Among the above, polyolefin resins such as polypropylene are preferable.
　透明性樹脂層は、着色されていてもよい。この場合は、熱可塑性樹脂に着色剤を添加すればよい。着色剤としては、絵柄層で用いる顔料又は染料が使用できる。 The transparent resin layer may be colored. In this case, a colorant may be added to the thermoplastic resin. As the colorant, pigments or dyes used in the picture layer can be used.
　透明性樹脂層には、充填剤、艶消し剤、発泡剤、難燃剤、滑剤、帯電防止剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定化剤、ラジカル捕捉剤、軟質成分（例えば、ゴム）等の各種の添加剤を含めてもよい。 For the transparent resin layer, fillers, matting agents, foaming agents, flame retardants, lubricants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, radical scavengers, soft components (eg rubber) Various additives such as may be included.
（表面保護層）
　表面保護層（透明性表面保護層）は、意匠層に要求される耐擦傷性、耐摩耗性、耐水性、耐汚染性等の表面物性を付与するために設けられる。この表面保護層を形成する樹脂としては、熱硬化型樹脂又は電離放射線硬化型樹脂等の硬化型樹脂の少なくとも１種を含むことが好ましい。特に、電離放射線硬化型樹脂は高い表面硬度、生産性等の観点から好ましい。更に、耐候性をより一層向上させることができる観点から、電子線硬化型樹脂が最も好ましい。 (Surface protective layer)
The surface protective layer (transparent surface protective layer) is provided for imparting surface physical properties such as scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, water resistance, and stain resistance required for the design layer. The resin forming the surface protective layer preferably includes at least one curable resin such as a thermosetting resin or an ionizing radiation curable resin. In particular, ionizing radiation curable resins are preferable from the viewpoint of high surface hardness, productivity, and the like. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of further improving the weather resistance, an electron beam curable resin is most preferable.
　熱硬化型樹脂としては、例えば、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂（２液硬化型ポリウレタンも含む）、エポキシ樹脂、アミノアルキッド樹脂、フェノール樹脂、尿素樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、メラミン樹脂、グアナミン樹脂、メラミン－尿素共縮合樹脂、珪素樹脂、ポリシロキサン樹脂等が挙げられる。 Examples of thermosetting resins include unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethane resins (including two-component curable polyurethane), epoxy resins, amino alkyd resins, phenol resins, urea resins, diallyl phthalate resins, melamine resins, guanamine resins, and melamines. -Urea cocondensation resin, silicon resin, polysiloxane resin and the like.
　上記樹脂には、架橋剤、重合開始剤等の硬化剤、重合促進剤を添加することができる。例えば、硬化剤としてはイソシアネート、有機スルホン酸塩等が不飽和ポリエステル樹脂やポリウレタン樹脂等に添加でき、有機アミン等がエポキシ樹脂に添加でき、メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド等の過酸化物、アゾイソブチルニトリル等のラジカル開始剤が不飽和ポリエステル樹脂に添加できる。 A curing agent such as a crosslinking agent and a polymerization initiator and a polymerization accelerator can be added to the resin. For example, as curing agents, isocyanates, organic sulfonates, etc. can be added to unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethane resins, etc., organic amines, etc. can be added to epoxy resins, peroxides such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, azoisobutyl nitrile, etc. A radical initiator can be added to the unsaturated polyester resin.
　熱硬化型樹脂で表面保護層を形成する方法としては、例えば、熱硬化型樹脂の溶液をロールコート法、グラビアコート法等の塗布法で塗布し、乾燥・硬化させる方法が挙げられる。溶液の塗布量としては、固形分で概ね５～５０μｍ、好ましくは５～４０μｍ程度である。 Examples of the method for forming the surface protective layer with a thermosetting resin include a method in which a solution of a thermosetting resin is applied by a coating method such as a roll coating method or a gravure coating method and then dried and cured. The coating amount of the solution is about 5 to 50 μm, preferably about 5 to 40 μm in terms of solid content.
　電離放射線硬化型樹脂は、電離放射線の照射により架橋重合反応を生じ、３次元の高分子構造に変化する樹脂であれば限定されない。例えば、電離放射線の照射により架橋可能な重合性不飽和結合又はエポキシ基を分子中に有するプレポリマー、オリゴマー及びモノマーの１種以上が使用できる。例えば、ウレタンアクリレート、ポリエステルアクリレート、エポキシアクリレート等のアクリレート樹脂；シロキサン等のケイ素樹脂；ポリエステル樹脂；エポキシ樹脂などが挙げられる。 The ionizing radiation curable resin is not limited as long as it is a resin that undergoes a crosslinking polymerization reaction upon irradiation with ionizing radiation and changes to a three-dimensional polymer structure. For example, one or more prepolymers, oligomers and monomers having a polymerizable unsaturated bond or epoxy group that can be crosslinked by irradiation with ionizing radiation in the molecule can be used. Examples thereof include acrylate resins such as urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, and epoxy acrylate; silicon resins such as siloxane; polyester resins; epoxy resins and the like.
　電離放射線としては、紫外線（近紫外線、真空紫外線等）、Ｘ線、電子線、イオン線等があるが、この中でも、紫外線、電子線が好ましく、電子線がより好ましい。 Examples of the ionizing radiation include ultraviolet rays (near ultraviolet rays, vacuum ultraviolet rays, etc.), X-rays, electron beams, ion beams, etc. Among them, ultraviolet rays and electron beams are preferable, and electron beams are more preferable.
　紫外線源としては、超高圧水銀灯、高圧水銀灯、低圧水銀灯、カーボンアーク灯、ブラックライト蛍光灯、メタルハライドランプ灯の光源が使用できる。紫外線の波長としては、１９０～３８０ｎｍ程度である。 As the ultraviolet light source, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a black light fluorescent lamp, or a metal halide lamp can be used. The wavelength of ultraviolet light is about 190 to 380 nm.
　電子線源としては、例えば、コッククロフトワルト型、バンデグラフト型、共振変圧器型、絶縁コア変圧器型、直線型、ダイナミトロン型、高周波型等の各種電子線加速器が使用できる。電子線のエネルギーとしては、１００～１０００ｋｅＶ程度が好ましく、１００～３００ｋｅＶ程度がより好ましい。電子線の照射量は、２～１５Ｍｒａｄ程度が好ましい。 As the electron beam source, for example, various electron beam accelerators such as a cockcroft-wald type, a bandegraft type, a resonant transformer type, an insulating core transformer type, a linear type, a dynamitron type, and a high frequency type can be used. The energy of the electron beam is preferably about 100 to 1000 keV, more preferably about 100 to 300 keV. The irradiation amount of the electron beam is preferably about 2 to 15 Mrad.
　電離放射線硬化型樹脂は電子線を照射すれば十分に硬化するが、紫外線を照射して硬化させる場合には、光重合開始剤（増感剤）を添加することが好ましい。 The ionizing radiation curable resin is sufficiently cured when irradiated with an electron beam, but it is preferable to add a photopolymerization initiator (sensitizer) when cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.
　ラジカル重合性不飽和基を有する樹脂系の場合の光重合開始剤は、例えば、アセトフェノン類、ベンゾフェノン類、チオキサントン類、ベンゾイン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ミヒラーベンゾイルベンゾエート、ミヒラーケトン、ジフェニルサルファイド、ジベンジルジサルファイド、ジエチルオキサイド、トリフェニルビイミダゾール、イソプロピル－Ｎ，Ｎ－ジメチルアミノベンゾエート等の少なくとも１種が使用できる。また、カチオン重合性官能基を有する樹脂系の場合は、例えば、芳香族ジアゾニウム塩、芳香族スルホニウム塩、メタロセン化合物、ベンゾインスルホン酸エステル、フリールオキシスルホキソニウムジアリルヨードシル塩等の少なくとも１種が使用できる。 Photopolymerization initiators in the case of resin systems having radically polymerizable unsaturated groups include, for example, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, Michler benzoylbenzoate, Michler ketone, diphenyl sulfide, dibenzyl disulfide , Diethyl oxide, triphenylbiimidazole, isopropyl-N, N-dimethylaminobenzoate and the like can be used. In the case of a resin system having a cationic polymerizable functional group, for example, at least one kind such as an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic sulfonium salt, a metallocene compound, a benzoin sulfonic acid ester, and a freeloxysulfoxonium diallyl iodosyl salt. Can be used.
　光重合開始剤の添加量は特に限定されないが、一般に電離放射線硬化型樹脂１００質量部に対して０．１～１０質量部程度である。 The addition amount of the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but is generally about 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ionizing radiation curable resin.
　電離放射線硬化型樹脂で保護層を形成する方法としては、例えば、電離放射線硬化型樹脂の溶液をグラビアコート法、ロールコート法等の塗布法で塗布すればよい。溶液の塗布量としては、固形分として概ね５～５０μｍ、好ましくは５～４０μｍ程度である。 As a method of forming a protective layer with an ionizing radiation curable resin, for example, a solution of an ionizing radiation curable resin may be applied by a coating method such as a gravure coating method or a roll coating method. The coating amount of the solution is about 5 to 50 μm, preferably about 5 to 40 μm, as a solid content.
　電離放射線硬化型樹脂から形成された表面保護層に、耐擦傷性、耐摩耗性をさらに付与する場合には、無機充填材を配合すればよい。無機充填材としては、例えば、粉末状の酸化アルミニウム、炭化珪素、二酸化珪素、チタン酸カルシウム、チタン酸バリウム、マグネシウムパイロボレート、酸化亜鉛、窒化珪素、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化クロム、酸化鉄、窒化硼素、ダイアモンド、金剛砂、ガラス繊維等が挙げられる。 In the case of further imparting scratch resistance and abrasion resistance to the surface protective layer formed from the ionizing radiation curable resin, an inorganic filler may be blended. Examples of inorganic fillers include powdered aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, calcium titanate, barium titanate, magnesium pyroborate, zinc oxide, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, boron nitride, Examples include diamond, gold sand and glass fiber.
　無機充填材の添加量としては、電離放射線硬化型樹脂１００質量部に対して１～８０質量部程度である。 The amount of the inorganic filler added is about 1 to 80 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ionizing radiation curable resin.
（合成樹脂製バッカー層）
　上記化粧シートは、化粧シートの最下層、すなわち意匠層の合板側に合成樹脂製バッカー層を有することが好ましい。合成樹脂製バッカー層を有することにより、化粧材の耐衝撃性がより一層向上する。 (Backer layer made of synthetic resin)
The decorative sheet preferably has a synthetic resin backer layer on the lowermost layer of the decorative sheet, that is, on the plywood side of the design layer. By having the synthetic resin backer layer, the impact resistance of the decorative material is further improved.
　合成樹脂製バッカー層を構成する樹脂としては、例えば、ポリプロピレン、エチレン－ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリエチレン、ポリメチルペンテン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、耐熱性の高いポリアルキレンテレフタレート〔例えば、エチレングリコールの一部を１，４－シクロヘキサンジメタノールやジエチレングリコール等で置換したポリエチレンテレフタレートである、いわゆる商品名ＰＥＴ－Ｇ（イーストマンケミカルカンパニー製）〕、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート－イソフタレート共重合体、非晶性ポリエステル（Ａ－ＰＥＴ）、ポリカーボネート、ポリアリレート、ポリイミド、ポリスチレン、ポリアミド、ＡＢＳ等が挙げられる。これらの樹脂は単独又は２種以上で使用できる。 Examples of the resin constituting the synthetic resin backer layer include polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene, polymethylpentene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyalkylene terephthalate having high heat resistance [for example, a part of ethylene glycol is 1 Polyethylene terephthalate substituted with 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, diethylene glycol, etc., so-called trade name PET-G (manufactured by Eastman Chemical Company)], polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene naphthalate-isophthalate copolymer, Amorphous polyester (A-PET), polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyimide, polystyrene, polyamide, ABS and the like can be mentioned. These resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
　合成樹脂製バッカー層の厚みは、０．１０～０．６０ｍｍが好ましく、下限値としては０．１３以上、０．１５以上がさらに好ましく、上限値としては、０．４５以下、０．３０以下、０．２５以下、０．２０以下がさらに好ましい。合成樹脂製バッカー層の厚みの下限が上記範囲であることにより、化粧材の耐衝撃性がより一層向上する。また、合成樹脂製バッカー層の厚みの上限が上記範囲であることにより、化粧材の反りがより一層抑制される。なお、０．１３～０．２５が特に好ましい範囲である。 The thickness of the synthetic resin backer layer is preferably 0.10 to 0.60 mm, the lower limit is more preferably 0.13 or more and 0.15 or more, and the upper limit is 0.45 or less, 0.30 or less. 0.25 or less and 0.20 or less are more preferable. When the lower limit of the thickness of the synthetic resin backer layer is within the above range, the impact resistance of the decorative material is further improved. Moreover, the curvature of a decorative material is further suppressed because the upper limit of the thickness of the synthetic resin backer layer is in the above range. Note that 0.13 to 0.25 is a particularly preferable range.
　各層の積層は、例えば、基材シートの一方の面に絵柄層（ベタインキ層、柄インキ層）を印刷により形成後、絵柄層上にＴダイ押出し法等で透明性樹脂を積層するか、或いは、２液硬化型ウレタン樹脂等の公知のドライラミネーション用接着剤を介して透明性樹脂層をドライラミネーション法で積層し、さらに表面保護層を形成して意匠層中間体を作製し、Ｔダイ押出し法等で作製した合成樹脂層バッカー層と、意匠層中間体とを熱ラミネートにより積層する方法により行うことができる。 Lamination of each layer is performed by, for example, forming a pattern layer (solid ink layer, pattern ink layer) on one surface of the base sheet by printing and then laminating a transparent resin on the pattern layer by a T-die extrusion method or the like, or A transparent resin layer is laminated by a dry lamination method via a known dry lamination adhesive such as a two-component curable urethane resin, a surface protective layer is formed to produce a design layer intermediate, and T-die extrusion It can carry out by the method of laminating | stacking the synthetic resin layer backer layer produced by the method etc., and the design layer intermediate body by thermal lamination.
　化粧シートには、透明性樹脂層側や表面保護層側からエンボス加工を施すことにより凹凸模様を形成してもよい。凹凸模様は、加熱プレス、ヘアライン加工等により形成できる。凹凸模様としては、導管溝、石板表面凹凸、布表面テクスチュア、梨地、砂目、ヘアライン、万線条溝等が挙げられる。 An uneven pattern may be formed on the decorative sheet by embossing from the transparent resin layer side or the surface protective layer side. The concavo-convex pattern can be formed by heating press, hairline processing or the like. Examples of the uneven pattern include a conduit groove, a stone plate surface unevenness, a cloth surface texture, a satin finish, a grain, a hairline, and a line groove.
　化粧シートは、上述の構成であるので、本発明の合板に積層し、化粧材とした場合、耐衝撃性に優れており、反り及び合板割れが抑制される。このため、上記化粧材は、床用化粧材として好適に用いることができる。 Since the decorative sheet has the above-described configuration, when it is laminated on the plywood of the present invention and used as a decorative material, it has excellent impact resistance, and warpage and plywood cracking are suppressed. For this reason, the said decorative material can be used suitably as a decorative material for floors.
２．合板の製造方法
　本発明の合板の製造方法は、少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板の製造方法であって、
（Ｉ）前記第１層と前記第２層とを積層する工程１、及び
（ＩＩ）前記工程１の後に、前記第１層の表面を研磨して、前記第１層の厚みを１．０ｍｍ未満に調整する工程２を有し、
（１）前記第１層及び前記第２層は木質材であり、
（２）前記第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満であり、
（３）前記第２層の比重は、前記第１層の比重より大きく、
（４）前記第１層の比重は０．５０未満である製造方法である。当該製造方法を、製造方法１と称する。 2. Manufacturing method of plywood The manufacturing method of plywood of the present invention is a manufacturing method of plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top,
(I) Step 1 for laminating the first layer and the second layer, and (II) After the step 1, the surface of the first layer is polished so that the thickness of the first layer is 1.0 mm. Having step 2 of adjusting to less than
(1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood.
(2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm,
(3) The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer,
(4) In the manufacturing method, the specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50. This manufacturing method is referred to as manufacturing method 1.
（工程１）
　工程１は、第１層と第２層とを積層する工程である。上記第１層及び上記第２層、並びにそれらの厚み、比重については、上述の合板において説明した内容と同一である。 (Process 1)
Step 1 is a step of laminating the first layer and the second layer. About the said 1st layer, the said 2nd layer, those thickness, and specific gravity, it is the same as the content demonstrated in the above-mentioned plywood.
　第１層と第２層とを積層する方法としては特に限定されず、第１層と第２層との間に接着剤を塗布して積層し、多段式ホットプレス機等のプレス機を用いて圧力０．６９～１．１８ＭＰａ程度、温度１００～１３０℃程度の条件で３～７分程度の熱圧プレスを行い積層すればよい。 The method for laminating the first layer and the second layer is not particularly limited, and an adhesive is applied and laminated between the first layer and the second layer, and a press machine such as a multistage hot press machine is used. Then, lamination may be performed by hot pressing for about 3 to 7 minutes under conditions of a pressure of about 0.69 to 1.18 MPa and a temperature of about 100 to 130 ° C.
　合板が、図１及び図２のように、第１層及び第２層、そしてそれ以外の木質層を有する場合、各層の層間に接着剤を塗布して積層し、上記熱圧プレスにより積層すればよい。なお各層間に用いた接着剤は図１や図２に図示せず省略する。また、接着剤により形成される接着剤層は、上記に説明した本発明の合板を形成する第１層～第７層等の層には含まれない。 When the plywood has the first layer, the second layer, and the other wood layers as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plywood is laminated by applying an adhesive between the layers, and is laminated by the above hot press. That's fine. The adhesive used between the layers is not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and is omitted. Further, the adhesive layer formed by the adhesive is not included in the first to seventh layers forming the plywood of the present invention described above.
　接着剤としては特に限定されず、公知の木工用接着剤が広く使用できる。接着剤としては、例えば、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル－酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン－アクリル酸共重合体、アイオノマー、ブタジエン－アクリルニトリルゴム、ネオプレンゴム、天然ゴム等を有効成分とする接着剤が挙げられる。また、熱硬化型接着剤として、メラミン系、フェノール系、ユリア系（酢酸ビニル－尿素系など）等の接着剤も挙げられる。 The adhesive is not particularly limited, and known woodworking adhesives can be widely used. Examples of adhesives include, for example, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ionomer, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, natural rubber and the like as active ingredients. Adhesives to be used. Examples of thermosetting adhesives include melamine-based, phenol-based, urea-based (such as vinyl acetate-urea) adhesives.
　以上説明した工程１により、第１層と第２層、及びそれ以外の木質層とが積層される。 By the step 1 described above, the first layer, the second layer, and the other wood layer are laminated.
（工程２）
　工程２は、工程１の後に、第１層の表面を研磨して、第１層の厚みを１．０ｍｍ未満に調整する工程である。工程１により、第１層と第２層とを積層した後に、工程２により第１層の表面を研磨することにより、第１層の厚みを均一化することができる。 (Process 2)
Step 2 is a step of polishing the surface of the first layer after Step 1 and adjusting the thickness of the first layer to less than 1.0 mm. By laminating the first layer and the second layer in step 1 and then polishing the surface of the first layer in step 2, the thickness of the first layer can be made uniform.
　第１層の表面を研磨する研磨方法としては特に限定されず、サンディングベルト、プレーナー、バフ、ブラシ等を用いて研磨することができる。中でも、研磨後の第１層の表面を平滑にすることができる点で、サンディングベルトを用いた研磨方法が好ましい。 The polishing method for polishing the surface of the first layer is not particularly limited, and polishing can be performed using a sanding belt, a planar, a buff, a brush, or the like. Among these, a polishing method using a sanding belt is preferable in that the surface of the first layer after polishing can be smoothed.
　工程２では、研磨後の第１層の厚みが１．０ｍｍ未満であればよく、研磨前の第１層の厚みは、１．０ｍｍ以上であってもよい。研磨前の第１層の厚みは特に限定されず、０．８～１．３ｍｍ程度であることが好ましい。 In step 2, the thickness of the first layer after polishing may be less than 1.0 mm, and the thickness of the first layer before polishing may be 1.0 mm or more. The thickness of the first layer before polishing is not particularly limited, and is preferably about 0.8 to 1.3 mm.
　工程２においては、第１層の表面を研磨すると共に、作製した合板の第１層が積層されている面とは反対側の面の木質層も研磨して、厚みを調整してもよい。例えば、図１のように、合板１が、第１層１１の反対側の面に第５層１５を有する場合は、第１層１１の表面を研磨すると共に、第５層１５の表面も研磨してもよい。また、図２のように、合板２が、第１層２１の反対側の面に第７層２７を有する場合は、第１層２１の表面を研磨すると共に、第７層２７の表面全体の厚み調整等として研磨してもよい。 In step 2, the surface of the first layer may be polished, and the wood layer on the surface opposite to the surface on which the first layer of the produced plywood is laminated may also be polished to adjust the thickness. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, when the plywood 1 has the fifth layer 15 on the opposite surface of the first layer 11, the surface of the first layer 11 is polished and the surface of the fifth layer 15 is also polished. May be. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, when the plywood 2 has the seventh layer 27 on the surface opposite to the first layer 21, the surface of the first layer 21 is polished and the entire surface of the seventh layer 27 is polished. You may grind | polish as thickness adjustment etc.
　以上説明した工程２により、第１層の厚みが１．０ｍｍ未満に調整される。 By the step 2 described above, the thickness of the first layer is adjusted to less than 1.0 mm.
　本発明の合板の製造方法は、また、少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板の製造方法であって、
（Ｉ）前記第１層として気乾比重０．４０以上０．４７以下のポプラ単板、及び、前記第２層として気乾比重０．５０以上０．９０以下のユーカリ単板を用意する工程１、
（ＩＩ）前記第１層と前記第２層とを積層する工程２、並びに、
（ＩＩＩ）前記工程２の後に、前記第１層の表面を研磨して、前記第１層の厚みを１．０ｍｍ未満に調整する工程３を有する合板の製造方法である。当該製造方法を製造方法２と称する。 The method for producing a plywood of the present invention is also a method for producing a plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top,
(I) A step of preparing a poplar single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 to 0.47 as the first layer and a eucalyptus single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.90 as the second layer. 1,
(II) Step 2 of laminating the first layer and the second layer, and
(III) A method for manufacturing a plywood having a step 3 of adjusting the thickness of the first layer to less than 1.0 mm by polishing the surface of the first layer after the step 2. This manufacturing method is referred to as manufacturing method 2.
　製造方法２における工程１は第１層として気乾比重０．４０以上０．４７以下のポプラ単板、及び、第２層として気乾比重０．５０以上０．９０以下のユーカリ単板を用意する工程である。製造方法２では、気乾比重が上記範囲である第１層及び第２層を用意し、以下に説明する工程２に供する。 Step 1 in production method 2 prepares a poplar veneer with an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 or more and 0.47 or less as the first layer, and a eucalyptus veneer with an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 or more and 0.90 or less as the second layer. It is a process to do. In the manufacturing method 2, the 1st layer and 2nd layer whose air-dry specific gravity is the said range are prepared, and it uses for the process 2 demonstrated below.
　製造方法２における工程２及び３は、上記工程１により用意した、気乾比重が上記範囲である第１層及び第２層を用いること以外は、上述の製造方法１における工程１及び２と同一である。製造方法２では、第１層に気乾比重０．４０以上０．４７以下のポプラ単板を用い、第２層に気乾比重０．５０以上０．９０以下のユーカリ単板を用いることで、耐衝撃性に優れた合板を製造することができる。 Steps 2 and 3 in manufacturing method 2 are the same as steps 1 and 2 in manufacturing method 1 described above, except that the first layer and the second layer having an air-dry specific gravity within the above range prepared in step 1 are used. It is. In the production method 2, a poplar veneer having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 or more and 0.47 or less is used for the first layer, and a eucalyptus veneer having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 or more and 0.90 or less is used for the second layer. A plywood having excellent impact resistance can be produced.
　なお、本明細書において、気乾比重とは、気乾状態における木材の重量をその容積で除して算出される比重を意味しており、気乾状態とは、含水率が１５％であるときの木材の状態である。 In the present specification, the air-dry specific gravity means a specific gravity calculated by dividing the weight of wood in the air-dried state by its volume, and the air-dried state has a moisture content of 15%. The state of the wood at the time.
　以上説明した製造方法２により、耐衝撃性に優れた合板を製造することができる。 By the production method 2 described above, a plywood having excellent impact resistance can be produced.
　以下に実施例及び比較例を示して本発明をより詳しく説明する。但し、本発明は実施例に限定されない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples.
　なお、以下の実施例、比較例及び参考例において、作製した合板から各層の比重を測定したところ、以下の通りであった。
ポプラ単板：０．４３
ユーカリ単板：０．５５ In the following examples, comparative examples, and reference examples, the specific gravity of each layer was measured from the produced plywood, and the results were as follows.
Poplar single plate: 0.43
Eucalyptus veneer: 0.55
　実施例１
（合板の作製）
　第１層として、ポプラをスライスすることにより、厚み１．３ｍｍ、比重０．４３のポプラ単板を用意した。また、第２層として、ユーカリをスライスすることにより、厚み２.７ｍｍ、比重０．５５のユーカリ単板を用意した。さらに、第３層、第５層、第７層として上記第１層と同様のポプラ単板を用意し、第４層、第６層として上記第２層と同様のユーカリ単板を用意した。用意したポプラ単板及びユーカリ単板を、隣接する木質層の木目方向が直交するようにして、ユリア系接着剤を介して第１層から第７層まで上から順にポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板の層構成となるように積層し、木質層の積層体を調製した。 Example 1
(Production of plywood)
As a first layer, a poplar single plate having a thickness of 1.3 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar. As the second layer, a eucalyptus veneer having a thickness of 2.7 mm and a specific gravity of 0.55 was prepared by slicing eucalyptus. Further, poplar single plates similar to the first layer were prepared as the third layer, fifth layer, and seventh layer, and eucalyptus single plates similar to the second layer were prepared as the fourth layer and sixth layer. Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the seventh layer from the first layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer A laminate of wood layers was prepared so as to have a layer structure of: / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate.
　上記木質層の積層体を、多段式ホットプレス機を用いて圧力０．７８ＭＰａ、温度１１０℃の条件で５分間熱圧プレスして各層を貼り合わせた。熱圧プレスにより、ポプラ単板の厚みは１．２ｍｍ、ユーカリ単板の厚みは２．５ｍｍとなり、積層体の総厚みは１２.３ｍｍであった。 The laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together. By hot pressing, the thickness of the poplar single plate was 1.2 mm, the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 2.5 mm, and the total thickness of the laminate was 12.3 mm.
　第１層の厚みが０．９ｍｍ、合板の総厚みが１１.５ｍｍとなるように、第１層及び第７層をサンディング研磨した。すなわち、第１層から第６層までのそれぞれの厚みは０．９ｍｍ／２．５ｍｍ／１．２ｍｍ／２．５ｍｍ／１．２ｍｍ／２．５ｍｍであり、第７層をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みが１１.５ｍｍである合板を作製した。 The first layer and the seventh layer were sanded and polished so that the thickness of the first layer was 0.9 mm and the total thickness of the plywood was 11.5 mm. That is, each thickness from the first layer to the sixth layer is 0.9 mm / 2.5 mm / 1.2 mm / 2.5 mm / 1.2 mm / 2.5 mm, and by sanding polishing the seventh layer The thickness was adjusted to produce a plywood having a total thickness of 11.5 mm.
　実施例２
　第１層及び第２層の樹木の種類及び厚みを表１のようにするとともに、第３層から第７層として実施例１と同様の単板を積層した。すなわち、第１層から第７層までのそれぞれの層を、上記実施例１と同様の製造方法を用いて積層するとともに厚み調整を行い、ポプラ単板０．８ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍとし、第７層としてのポプラ単板をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みを１１.５ｍｍとした。それ以外は実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 Example 2
The types and thicknesses of the trees of the first layer and the second layer were as shown in Table 1, and the same single plate as in Example 1 was laminated as the third layer to the seventh layer. That is, the layers from the first layer to the seventh layer were laminated using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 above, and the thickness was adjusted, so that the poplar single plate 0.8 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / Poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm / poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm, adjusting thickness by sanding polishing poplar veneer as the seventh layer, plywood The total thickness was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
　実施例３
　第１層及び第２層の樹木の種類及び厚みを表１のようにするとともに、第３層から第７層として実施例１と同様の単板を積層した。すなわち、第１層から第７層までのそれぞれの層を、上記実施例１と同様の製造方法を用いて積層するとともに厚み調整を行い、ポプラ単板０．６ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍとし、第７層としてのポプラ単板をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みを１１.５ｍｍとした。それ以外は実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 Example 3
The types and thicknesses of the trees of the first layer and the second layer were as shown in Table 1, and the same single plate as in Example 1 was laminated as the third layer to the seventh layer. That is, each layer from the first layer to the seventh layer is laminated using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 above, and the thickness is adjusted, so that the poplar single plate 0.6 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / Poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm / poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm, adjusting thickness by sanding polishing poplar veneer as the seventh layer, plywood The total thickness was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
　実施例４
（合板の作製）
　第１層として、ポプラをスライスすることにより、厚み１．４ｍｍ、比重０．４３のポプラ単板を用意した。また、第２層として、ユーカリをスライスすることにより、厚み２.７ｍｍ、比重０．５５のユーカリ単板を用意した。さらに、第３層、第５層、第７層として上記第１層と同様のポプラ単板を用意し、第４層、第６層として上記第２層と同様のユーカリ単板を用意した。用意したポプラ単板及びユーカリ単板を、隣接する木質層の木目方向が直交するようにして、ユリア系接着剤を介して第１層から第７層まで上から順にポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板の層構成となるように積層し、木質層の積層体を調製した。 Example 4
(Production of plywood)
As a first layer, a poplar single plate having a thickness of 1.4 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar. As the second layer, a eucalyptus veneer having a thickness of 2.7 mm and a specific gravity of 0.55 was prepared by slicing eucalyptus. Further, poplar single plates similar to the first layer were prepared as the third layer, fifth layer, and seventh layer, and eucalyptus single plates similar to the second layer were prepared as the fourth layer and sixth layer. Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the seventh layer from the first layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer A laminate of wood layers was prepared so as to have a layer structure of: / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate.
　上記木質層の積層体を、多段式ホットプレス機を用いて圧力０．７８ＭＰａ、温度１１０℃の条件で５分間熱圧プレスして各層を貼り合わせた。熱圧プレスにより、ポプラ単板の厚みは１．３ｍｍ、ユーカリ単板の厚みは２．５ｍｍとなり、積層体の総厚みは１２．７ｍｍであった。 The laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together. By hot pressing, the thickness of the poplar single plate was 1.3 mm, the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 2.5 mm, and the total thickness of the laminate was 12.7 mm.
　第１層及び第２層の樹木の種類及び厚みを表１のようにした。すなわち、第１層から第７層までのそれぞれの層を、ポプラ単板０．３ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．３ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．３ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍとし、第７層としてのポプラ単板をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みを１１.５ｍｍとした。それ以外は実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 Table 1 shows the tree types and thicknesses of the first and second layers. That is, each layer from the first layer to the seventh layer is made of poplar single plate 0.3 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / poplar single plate 1.3 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / poplar single plate 1.3 mm. / The Eucalyptus veneer was 2.5 mm, and the thickness was adjusted by sanding polishing the poplar veneer as the seventh layer, so that the total thickness of the plywood was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
　実施例５
（合板の作製）
　第１層として、ポプラをスライスすることにより、厚み３．５ｍｍ、比重０．４３のポプラ単板を用意した。また、第２層として、ユーカリをスライスすることにより、厚み３．５ｍｍ、比重０．５５のユーカリ単板を用意した。さらに、第３層、第５層として上記第１層と同様のポプラ単板を用意し、第４層として上記第２層と同様のユーカリ単板を用意した。用意したポプラ単板及びユーカリ単板を、隣接する木質層の木目方向が直交するようにして、ユリア系接着剤を介して第１層から第５層まで上から順にポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板の層構成となるように積層し、木質層の積層体を調製した。 Example 5
(Production of plywood)
As a first layer, a poplar single plate having a thickness of 3.5 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar. Moreover, the eucalyptus single board of thickness 3.5mm and specific gravity 0.55 was prepared by slicing eucalyptus as a 2nd layer. Further, poplar single plates similar to the first layer were prepared as the third layer and the fifth layer, and eucalyptus single plates similar to the second layer were prepared as the fourth layer. Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the 5th layer from the 1st layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer A laminate of wood layers was prepared by laminating so as to have a layer structure of / poplar single plate / eucalyptus single plate / poplar single plate.
　上記木質層の積層体を、多段式ホットプレス機を用いて圧力０．７８ＭＰａ、温度１１０℃の条件で５分間熱圧プレスして各層を貼り合わせた。熱圧プレスにより、ポプラ単板の厚みは３．２ｍｍ、ユーカリ単板の厚みは３．２ｍｍとなり、積層体の総厚みは１６．０ｍｍであった。 The laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together. By hot pressing, the thickness of the poplar single plate was 3.2 mm, the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 3.2 mm, and the total thickness of the laminate was 16.0 mm.
　合板の層数を５層とし、第１層及び第２層の樹木の種類及び厚みを表１のようにした。すなわち、第１層から第５層までのそれぞれの層を、ポプラ単板０．９ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板３．２ｍｍ／ポプラ単板３．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板３．２ｍｍとし、第５層としてのポプラ単板をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みを１１.５ｍｍとした。それ以外は実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 The number of plywood layers was five, and the tree types and thicknesses of the first and second layers were as shown in Table 1. That is, each layer from the first layer to the fifth layer is made of poplar veneer 0.9 mm / eucalyptus veneer 3.2 mm / poplar veneer 3.2 mm / eucalyptus veneer 3.2 mm as the fifth layer. The thickness was adjusted by sanding polishing the poplar single plate, so that the total thickness of the plywood was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
　実施例６
　第１層及び第２層の樹木の種類及び厚みを表１のようにするとともに、第３層から第７層として実施例１と同様の単板を積層した。すなわち、第１層から第７層までのそれぞれの層を、上記実施例１と同様の製造方法を用いて積層するとともに厚み調整を行い、ファルカタ単板０．６ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍとし、第７層としてのポプラ単板をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みを１１.５ｍｍとした。それ以外は実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 Example 6
The types and thicknesses of the trees of the first layer and the second layer were as shown in Table 1, and the same single plate as in Example 1 was laminated as the third layer to the seventh layer. That is, the layers from the first layer to the seventh layer were laminated using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 above, and the thickness was adjusted, so that Falkata single plate 0.6 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / Poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm / poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm, adjusting thickness by sanding polishing poplar veneer as the seventh layer, plywood The total thickness was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
　実施例７
（合板の作製）
　第１層として、ポプラをスライスすることにより、厚み１．３ｍｍ、比重０．４３のポプラ単板を用意した。また、第２層として、ユーカリをスライスすることにより、厚み２.２ｍｍ、比重０．５５のユーカリ単板を用意した。さらに、第７層として上記第１層と同様のポプラ単板を用意し、第３層から第６層として上記第２層と同様のユーカリ単板を用意した。用意したポプラ単板及びユーカリ単板を、隣接する木質層の木目方向が直交するようにして、ユリア系接着剤を介して第１層から第７層まで上から順にポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板の層構成となるように積層し、木質層の積層体を調製した。 Example 7
(Production of plywood)
As a first layer, a poplar single plate having a thickness of 1.3 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar. Further, as a second layer, eucalyptus single plates having a thickness of 2.2 mm and a specific gravity of 0.55 were prepared by slicing eucalyptus. Further, a poplar veneer similar to the first layer was prepared as the seventh layer, and eucalyptus veneers similar to the second layer were prepared as the third to sixth layers. Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the seventh layer from the first layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer Laminate was prepared so as to have a layer structure of: / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer.
　上記木質層の積層体を、多段式ホットプレス機を用いて圧力０．７８ＭＰａ、温度１１０℃の条件で５分間熱圧プレスして各層を貼り合わせた。熱圧プレスにより、ポプラ単板の厚みは１．２ｍｍ、ユーカリ単板の厚みは２．０ｍｍとなり、積層体の総厚みは１２.４ｍｍであった。 The laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together. By hot pressing, the thickness of the poplar single plate was 1.2 mm, the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 2.0 mm, and the total thickness of the laminate was 12.4 mm.
　第１層の厚みが０．８ｍｍ、合板の総厚みが１１.５ｍｍとなるように、第１層及び第７層をサンディング研磨した。すなわち、第１層から第６層までのそれぞれの厚みは０．８ｍｍ／２．０ｍｍ／２．０ｍｍ／２．０ｍｍ／２．０ｍｍ／２．０ｍｍであり、第７層をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みが１１.５ｍｍである合板を作製した。それ以外は実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 The first layer and the seventh layer were sanded and polished so that the thickness of the first layer was 0.8 mm and the total thickness of the plywood was 11.5 mm. That is, each thickness from the first layer to the sixth layer is 0.8 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm / 2.0 mm, and by sanding polishing the seventh layer The thickness was adjusted to produce a plywood having a total thickness of 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
　実施例８
（合板の作製）
　第１層として、ポプラをスライスすることにより、厚み１．３ｍｍ、比重０．４３のポプラ単板を用意した。また、第２層として、ユーカリをスライスすることにより、厚み２.１ｍｍ、比重０．５５のユーカリ単板を用意した。さらに、第９層として上記第１層と同様のポプラ単板を用意し、第３層から第８層として上記第２層と同様のユーカリ単板を用意した。用意したポプラ単板及びユーカリ単板を、隣接する木質層の木目方向が直交するようにして、ユリア系接着剤を介して第１層から第９層まで上から順にポプラ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ユーカリ単板／ポプラ単板の層構成となるように積層し、木質層の積層体を調製した。 Example 8
(Production of plywood)
As a first layer, a poplar single plate having a thickness of 1.3 mm and a specific gravity of 0.43 was prepared by slicing poplar. Moreover, the eucalyptus veneer of thickness 2.1mm and specific gravity 0.55 was prepared by slicing eucalyptus as a 2nd layer. Furthermore, a poplar veneer similar to the first layer was prepared as the ninth layer, and eucalyptus veneers similar to the second layer were prepared as the third to eighth layers. Poplar veneer / eucalyptus veneer in order from the top to the 9th layer from the first layer through the urea adhesive so that the grain direction of the adjacent wood layer is orthogonal to the prepared poplar veneer and eucalyptus veneer Laminate was prepared to have a layer structure of: / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / eucalyptus veneer / poplar veneer.
　上記木質層の積層体を、多段式ホットプレス機を用いて圧力０．７８ＭＰａ、温度１１０℃の条件で５分間熱圧プレスして各層を貼り合わせた。熱圧プレスにより、ポプラ単板の厚みは１．２ｍｍ、ユーカリ単板の厚みは１．９ｍｍとなり、積層体の総厚みは１５．７ｍｍであった。 The laminate of the above wood layers was hot-pressed for 5 minutes under the conditions of a pressure of 0.78 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C. using a multistage hot press machine, and the layers were bonded together. By hot pressing, the thickness of the poplar single plate was 1.2 mm, the thickness of the eucalyptus single plate was 1.9 mm, and the total thickness of the laminate was 15.7 mm.
　第１層の厚みが０．６ｍｍ、合板の総厚みが１４．５ｍｍとなるように、第１層及び第９層をサンディング研磨した。すなわち、第１層から第８層までのそれぞれの厚みは０．６ｍｍ／１．９ｍｍ／１．９ｍｍ／１．９ｍｍ／１．９ｍｍ／１．９ｍｍ／１．９ｍｍ／１．９ｍｍであり、第９層をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みが１４.５ｍｍである合板を作製した。それ以外は実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 The first layer and the ninth layer were sanded and polished so that the thickness of the first layer was 0.6 mm and the total thickness of the plywood was 14.5 mm. That is, each thickness from the first layer to the eighth layer is 0.6 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm / 1.9 mm, The thickness was adjusted by sanding and polishing 9 layers to produce a plywood having a total thickness of 14.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
　比較例１
　第１層及び第２層の樹木の種類及び厚みを表１のようにするとともに、第３層から第７層として実施例１と同様の単板を積層した。すなわち、第１層から第７層までのそれぞれの層を、上記実施例１と同様の製造方法を用いて積層するとともに厚み調整を行い、ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍ／ポプラ単板１．２ｍｍ／ユーカリ単板２．５ｍｍとし、第７層のポプラ単板をサンディング研磨することにより厚みを調整して、合板の総厚みを１１.５ｍｍとした。それ以外は実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 Comparative Example 1
The types and thicknesses of the trees of the first layer and the second layer were as shown in Table 1, and the same single plate as in Example 1 was laminated as the third layer to the seventh layer. That is, each layer from the first layer to the seventh layer was laminated using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 above, and the thickness was adjusted, so that the poplar single plate 1.2 mm / eucalyptus single plate 2.5 mm / Poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm / poplar veneer 1.2mm / eucalyptus veneer 2.5mm, thickness is adjusted by sanding polishing the seventh layer poplar veneer, The total thickness was 11.5 mm. Other than that was carried out similarly to Example 1, and produced the plywood.
　（評価）
　上述のようにして作製された実施例及び比較例の合板について、以下の方法により評価を行った。 (Evaluation)
The plywood of Examples and Comparative Examples produced as described above was evaluated by the following method.
（１）耐衝撃試験（デュポン衝撃試験）
　「ＪＩＳＫ５６００－５－３（１９９９）　塗料一般試験方法　塗膜の機械的性質－第３節：耐おもり落下性　デュポン式」に記載のデュポン衝撃試験に従って、実施例及び比較例で得られた合板の表面上に、半径６.３５ｍｍの半球形状の先端を有した撃ち型を静置させ、当該撃ち型上に５００ｇのおもりを高さ３００ｍｍから落下させた。凹み量を、図３で示すようにして測定器（株式会社尾崎製作所　Ｔ２－１２７）で測定し、下記合板の評価基準に従って評価した。本試験において、合板がＢ以上の評価であれば実使用において問題ないと評価される。
[合板の評価基準]
Ａ：６００μｍ以下
Ｂ：６００μｍを超え、７００μｍ以下
Ｃ：７００μｍを超える (1) Impact resistance test (DuPont impact test)
In accordance with the DuPont impact test described in “JISK5600-5-3 (1999) Coating General Test Method, Mechanical Properties of Coating Film—Section 3: Weight Drop Resistance DuPont”, the plywood obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples A shooting mold having a hemispherical tip with a radius of 6.35 mm was left on the surface, and a 500 g weight was dropped from a height of 300 mm onto the shooting mold. The amount of dents was measured with a measuring instrument (Ozaki Mfg. Co., Ltd. T2-127) as shown in FIG. In this test, if the plywood is evaluated as B or higher, it is evaluated that there is no problem in actual use.
[Evaluation criteria for plywood]
A: 600 μm or less B: Over 600 μm, 700 μm or less C: Over 700 μm
　結果を表１に示す。 The results are shown in Table 1.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　参考例１
（化粧シートの作製）
　両面コロナ放電処理した６０μｍ厚さの着色ポリプロピレンフィルムの一方の面にウレタンセルロース系樹脂（ウレタン及び硝化綿の混合物１００重量部に対してヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート５重量部を添加したもの）をグラビア塗工法により、裏面プライマー層を形成した。裏面プライマー層は１μｍであった。 Reference example 1
(Production of decorative sheet)
A gravure coating method applies urethane cellulose resin (added 5 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate to 100 parts by weight of a mixture of urethane and nitrified cotton) on one side of a colored polypropylene film having a thickness of 60 μm subjected to double-sided corona discharge treatment. A back primer layer was formed. The back primer layer was 1 μm.
　次いで、アクリルウレタン系樹脂（アクリルポリオール１００重量部にヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート５重量部を添加したもの）をバインダーとする印刷インキを用いてグラビア印刷によりベタインキ層及び柄インキ層を順次形成し、木目及び抽象模様のインキ層を形成した。インキ層は３μｍであった。 Next, a solid ink layer and a pattern ink layer are sequentially formed by gravure printing using a printing ink containing an acrylic urethane resin (100 parts by weight of acrylic polyol and 5 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate) as a binder. A patterned ink layer was formed. The ink layer was 3 μm.
　次に、ウレタン系接着剤を絵柄層上に塗工した後、その上からプロピレン系樹脂を厚さ８０μｍとなるようにＴダイ押し出し機で加熱溶融押し出しして透明性樹脂層を形成した。 Next, after applying a urethane-based adhesive on the pattern layer, a propylene-based resin was heated and melt-extruded with a T-die extruder so as to have a thickness of 80 μm to form a transparent resin layer.
　上記透明性樹脂層にコロナ放電処理を施し、その処理面にアクリルウレタン系樹脂（アクリルポリオール１００重量部にヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート５重量部を添加したもの）をグラビア塗工法により塗工して表面保護層用プライマー層を形成した。表面保護層用プライマー層は１μｍであった。 The transparent resin layer is subjected to corona discharge treatment, and a surface protective layer is applied to the treated surface by an acrylic urethane-based resin (100 parts by weight of acrylic polyol added with 5 parts by weight of hexamethylene diisocyanate) by a gravure coating method. A primer layer was formed. The primer layer for the surface protective layer was 1 μm.
　表面保護層用プライマー層上にウレタンアクリレート系電子線硬化型樹脂をロールコート法で塗工し、乾燥した後、未硬化の電子放射線硬化型樹脂層に酸素濃度２００ｐｐｍ以下の環境下で電子線（加速電圧１７５ＫｅＶ、照射量５Ｍｒａｄ）を照射して硬化させて電子放射線硬化型樹脂からなる表面保護層を形成した。表面保護層は１５μｍであった。 A urethane acrylate electron beam curable resin is applied onto the primer layer for the surface protective layer by a roll coating method, dried, and then applied to an uncured electron radiation curable resin layer in an environment having an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less ( A surface protective layer made of an electron radiation curable resin was formed by irradiating with an accelerating voltage of 175 KeV and an irradiation amount of 5 Mrad. The surface protective layer was 15 μm.
　続いて、表面保護層側から版深５０μｍの木目導管状エンボス版又は木肌・抽象調エンボス版でエンボス加工を施して木目導管状又は木肌・抽象調の凹凸模様を形成し、厚みが０．１６ｍｍの意匠層中間体を得た。 Subsequently, embossing is performed from the surface protective layer side with a wood grain conduit embossed plate or a bark / abstract embossed plate with a plate depth of 50 μm to form a wood grain conduit or bark / abstracted uneven pattern with a thickness of 0.16 mm The intermediate of the design layer was obtained.
　Ａ－ＰＥＴ（非晶性ポリエステル）をＴダイ押し出し機にて共押し出し法により合成樹脂シート（合成樹脂製バッカー層）を製膜した。バッカー層の厚みは０．２５ｍｍであり、マルテンス硬さは１５０Ｎ／ｍｍ２であった。 A synthetic resin sheet (synthetic resin backer layer) was formed by co-extrusion of A-PET (amorphous polyester) with a T-die extruder. The thickness of the backer layer was 0.25 mm, and the Martens hardness was 150 N / mm 2 .
　意匠層中間体の裏面プライマー層にさらにウレタン系接着剤層を介在させて合成樹脂製バッカー層をドライラミネート法により積層し、意匠層である化粧シートを作製した。化粧シートの厚みは０．４１ｍｍであった。 A synthetic resin backer layer was laminated on the back surface primer layer of the design layer intermediate with a urethane adhesive layer by a dry laminating method to produce a decorative sheet as a design layer. The thickness of the decorative sheet was 0.41 mm.
（合板の作製）
　実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 (Production of plywood)
A plywood was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
（化粧材の作製）
　化粧シートの合成樹脂製バッカー層側の面と、合板の第１層側の面とを、反応性ホットメルト系（ＰＵＲ）接着剤（厚み５０μｍ）を介して貼り合わせ、所定の寸法（１４５ｍｍ×９００ｍｍ）に裁断して、化粧材を作製した。 (Production of cosmetic materials)
The synthetic resin backer layer side surface of the decorative sheet and the first layer side surface of the plywood are bonded together via a reactive hot-melt (PUR) adhesive (thickness 50 μm), and a predetermined dimension (145 mm × 900 mm) to produce a decorative material.
　参考例２
　バッカー層の厚みを０．１３ｍｍとし、プロピレン系樹脂の厚さを８０μｍから６０μｍに変更した以外は参考例１と同様にして、化粧シートを作製した。化粧シートの厚みは０．２７ｍｍであった。 Reference example 2
A decorative sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the thickness of the backer layer was changed to 0.13 mm and the thickness of the propylene resin was changed from 80 μm to 60 μm. The thickness of the decorative sheet was 0.27 mm.
　参考例３
　バッカー層の厚みを０．２０ｍｍにした以外は参考例２と同様にして、化粧シートを作製した。化粧シートの厚みは０．３４ｍｍであった。 Reference example 3
A decorative sheet was produced in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 except that the thickness of the backer layer was 0.20 mm. The thickness of the decorative sheet was 0.34 mm.
　参考例４
（合板の作製）
　実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 Reference example 4
(Production of plywood)
A plywood was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
（化粧材の作製）
　意匠層を形成する突板として、厚み０．２０ｍｍのナラ材の突板を用意した。突板と、合板の第１層側の面とを、熱硬化型のフェノール系接着剤を介して貼り合わせた。 (Production of cosmetic materials)
As a veneer for forming the design layer, a 0.20 mm thick oak veneer was prepared. The veneer and the surface on the first layer side of the plywood were bonded together through a thermosetting phenolic adhesive.
　次いで、突板の表面にウレタンアクリレート系紫外線硬化型塗料をナチュラルロールコート法、リバースロールコート法、ナチュラルロールコート法の順で３度塗布して１０ｇ／ｍ２の塗膜からなる下塗層を形成した。直ちに空気中において有電極紫外線ランプで紫外線を照射して、下塗層を硬化させた。 Next, a urethane acrylate UV curable coating is applied to the surface of the veneer three times in the order of natural roll coating, reverse roll coating, and natural roll coating to form an undercoat layer consisting of 10 g / m 2. did. Immediately in the air, ultraviolet rays were irradiated with an electroded ultraviolet lamp to cure the undercoat layer.
　次いで、硬化した下塗層上にナチュラルロールコート法で１２ｇ／ｍ２の塗膜からなる中間層を形成した。直ちに空気中において有電極紫外線ランプで紫外線を照射して中間層を硬化させた。硬化した中間層表面を３６０番研磨紙で研磨すると共に、研磨の際に発生した粉を除去した。 Subsequently, the intermediate layer which consists of a coating film of 12 g / m < 2 > was formed on the hardened undercoat layer with the natural roll coat method. Immediately in the air, the intermediate layer was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays with an electroded ultraviolet lamp. The surface of the cured intermediate layer was polished with No. 360 polishing paper and the powder generated during polishing was removed.
　次いで、硬化した中間層表面に、ナチュラルロールコート法で１０ｇ／ｍ２の塗膜からなる上塗層を形成した。酸素濃度が０．５％の窒素ガス雰囲気下において、無電極紫外線ランプで上塗層に紫外線を照射して硬化させて、表面保護層を形成した。所定の寸法（１４５ｍｍ×９００ｍｍ）に裁断して、化粧材を作製した。表面保護層の厚みは３０μｍであった。 Subsequently, the top coat layer which consists of a coating film of 10 g / m < 2 > was formed in the cured intermediate | middle layer surface by the natural roll coat method. In a nitrogen gas atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 0.5%, the surface coating layer was formed by irradiating the top coat layer with ultraviolet light using an electrodeless ultraviolet lamp to cure it. Cut into predetermined dimensions (145 mm × 900 mm) to produce a decorative material. The thickness of the surface protective layer was 30 μm.
　参考例５
（合板の作製）
　実施例１と同様にして、合板を作製した。 Reference Example 5
(Production of plywood)
A plywood was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
（化粧材の作製）
　意匠層として、化粧シートの代わりに下記方法で作製した高圧メラミン化粧板を用意した。すなわち、坪量３０ｇ／ｍ２の白チタン紙の一方の面に、ウレタン系樹脂をバインダーとする印刷インキを用いて、グラビア印刷によりインキ層を形成し、絵柄模様を印刷した。インキ層の厚みは３μｍであった。次いで、メラミンホルムアルデヒド樹脂５０質量部、水４５質量部、及びイソプロピルアルコール５質量部からなる熱硬化性樹脂組成物を調製し、メラミン樹脂が１００ｇ／ｍ２（乾燥時）の割合となるように、含浸装置を用いて絵柄模様上から含浸させ、乾燥させることによりメラミン含浸化粧シートを作製した。次いで、クラフト紙に、フェノール樹脂からなる樹脂組成物を含浸させて調製した、坪量２４５ｇ／ｍ２のフェノール樹脂含浸コア紙２枚の上に、メラミン含浸化粧シートを積層して積層体を作製した。当該積層体を、２枚のプレス板で挟み、熱プレス機を用いて圧力１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２、成型温度１５０℃、保持時間１０分間の条件で加熱成型し、高圧メラミン化粧板（厚み０．４ｍｍ）を作製した。 (Production of cosmetic materials)
As a design layer, a high-pressure melamine decorative board produced by the following method was prepared instead of the decorative sheet. That is, an ink layer was formed by gravure printing on one surface of white titanium paper having a basis weight of 30 g / m 2 using a urethane resin as a binder, and a pattern was printed. The thickness of the ink layer was 3 μm. Next, a thermosetting resin composition comprising 50 parts by mass of melamine formaldehyde resin, 45 parts by mass of water, and 5 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol is prepared, and the melamine resin has a ratio of 100 g / m 2 (when dried). A melamine-impregnated decorative sheet was prepared by impregnating the pattern with an impregnation apparatus and drying. Next, a melamine-impregnated decorative sheet is laminated on two sheets of phenol resin-impregnated core paper having a basis weight of 245 g / m 2 prepared by impregnating a kraft paper with a resin composition comprising a phenol resin to produce a laminate. did. The laminate is sandwiched between two press plates and heat molded using a hot press machine under conditions of a pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 , a molding temperature of 150 ° C. and a holding time of 10 minutes, and a high-pressure melamine decorative board (thickness 0.4 mm) ) Was produced.
　化粧シートに代えて、高圧メラミン化粧板を用いた。高圧メラミン化粧板と、合板の第１層側の面とを貼り合わせる際に用いた接着剤を、水溶性エマルジョン系接着剤に変更し、塗布厚みを３５μｍにした。それ以外は参考例１と同様にして、化粧材を作製した。水溶性エマルジョン系接着剤は、以下のものを用いた。 A high-pressure melamine decorative board was used instead of the decorative sheet. The adhesive used when bonding the high-pressure melamine decorative board and the surface on the first layer side of the plywood was changed to a water-soluble emulsion adhesive, and the coating thickness was 35 μm. Other than that was carried out similarly to the reference example 1, and produced the cosmetic material. The following water-soluble emulsion adhesives were used.
水溶性エマルジョン系接着剤
　主剤：「ＢＡ－１０Ｌ」ジャパンコーティングレジン株式会社製、変性エチレン・酢酸ビニル系
　硬化剤：「ＢＡ－１１Ｂ」ジャパンコーティングレジン株式会社製、イソシアネート系
　配合比：主剤：硬化剤＝１００：２．５（質量比） Water-soluble emulsion adhesive main agent: “BA-10L” manufactured by Japan Coating Resin Co., Ltd., modified ethylene / vinyl acetate type curing agent: “BA-11B” manufactured by Japan Coating Resin Co., Ltd., isocyanate-based ratio: main agent: curing agent = 100: 2.5 (mass ratio)
　（評価）
　上述のようにして作製された参考例の化粧材について、上記評価方法により耐衝撃試験を行い、凹み量を測定した。 (Evaluation)
About the decorative material of the reference example produced as mentioned above, the impact resistance test was done by the said evaluation method, and the amount of dents was measured.
　結果を表２に示す。 The results are shown in Table 2.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
　表２の結果から、合板が化粧材としての使用に適するものであることが分かった。 From the results in Table 2, it was found that the plywood is suitable for use as a decorative material.
１,２,４．合板
１１,２１．第１層
１２,２２．第２層
１３,２３．第３層
１４,２４．第４層
１５,２５．第５層
２１１．厚みを薄くした第１層
２２１．厚みを薄くした第２層
２６．第６層
２７．第７層
ｍ．測定器
Ａ．雄サネ
Ｂ．雌サネ
 
  1,2,4. Plywood 11,21. 1st layer 12,22. Second layer 13,23. Third layer 14, 24. Fourth layer 15, 25. Fifth layer 211. The first layer 221. Second layer with reduced thickness 26. Sixth layer 27. 7th layer m. Measuring instrument A. Male Sanée B. Female Sané

Claims (11)

  1. 　少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板であって、
    （１）前記第１層及び前記第２層は木質材であり、
    （２）前記第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満であり、
    （３）前記第２層の比重は、前記第１層の比重より大きく、
    （４）前記第１層の比重は０．５０未満である、
    ことを特徴とする合板。     A plywood having at least a first layer and a second layer in order from the top,
    (1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood.
    (2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm,
    (3) The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer,
    (4) The specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50.
    Plywood characterized by that.
  2. 　前記第１層はポプラ単板であり、前記第２層はユーカリ単板である、請求項１に記載の合板。 The plywood according to claim 1, wherein the first layer is a poplar veneer and the second layer is a eucalyptus veneer.
  3. 　前記第１層は中国産ポプラ単板である、請求項１に記載の合板。 The plywood according to claim 1, wherein the first layer is a Chinese poplar veneer.
  4. 　前記第１層は、広葉樹単板である、請求項１に記載の合板。 The plywood according to claim 1, wherein the first layer is a hardwood veneer.
  5. 　前記第２層の比重は０．５０以上である、請求項１に記載の合板。 The plywood according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of the second layer is 0.50 or more.
  6. 　前記第２層は、前記第１層側の表面の少なくとも一部に節を有しており、前記第１層の節は、前記第２層の節より少ない、請求項１に記載の合板。 The plywood according to claim 1, wherein the second layer has a node on at least a part of the surface on the first layer side, and the node of the first layer is smaller than the node of the second layer.
  7. 　前記合板の層数は、５層又は７層である、請求項１に記載の合板。 The plywood according to claim 1, wherein the number of layers of the plywood is 5 layers or 7 layers.
  8. 　床用化粧材用合板である、請求項１に記載の合板。 The plywood according to claim 1, which is a plywood for a flooring decorative material.
  9. 　前記第１層の厚みは０．６ｍｍ以上０．９ｍｍ以下である、請求項１に記載の合板。 The plywood according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first layer is 0.6 mm or more and 0.9 mm or less.
  10. 　少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板の製造方法であって、
    （Ｉ）前記第１層と前記第２層とを積層する工程１、及び
    （ＩＩ）前記工程１の後に、前記第１層の表面を研磨して、前記第１層の厚みを１．０ｍｍ未満に調整する工程２を有し、
    （１）前記第１層及び前記第２層は木質材であり、
    （２）前記第１層の厚みは１．０ｍｍ未満であり、
    （３）前記第２層の比重は、前記第１層の比重より大きく、
    （４）前記第１層の比重は０．５０未満である、
    ことを特徴とする合板の製造方法。     A method for producing a plywood having a first layer and a second layer in order from at least the top,
    (I) Step 1 for laminating the first layer and the second layer, and (II) After the step 1, the surface of the first layer is polished so that the thickness of the first layer is 1.0 mm. Having step 2 of adjusting to less than
    (1) The first layer and the second layer are made of wood.
    (2) The thickness of the first layer is less than 1.0 mm,
    (3) The specific gravity of the second layer is greater than the specific gravity of the first layer,
    (4) The specific gravity of the first layer is less than 0.50.
    The manufacturing method of the plywood characterized by this.
  11. 　少なくとも上から順に第１層及び第２層を有する合板の製造方法であって、
    （Ｉ）前記第１層として気乾比重０．４０以上０．４７以下のポプラ単板、及び、前記第２層として気乾比重０．５０以上０．９０以下のユーカリ単板を用意する工程１、
    （ＩＩ）前記第１層と前記第２層とを積層する工程２、並びに、
    （ＩＩＩ）前記工程２の後に、前記第１層の表面を研磨して、前記第１層の厚みを１．０ｍｍ未満に調整する工程３を有する、
    ことを特徴とする合板の製造方法。
          A method for producing a plywood having a first layer and a second layer in order from at least the top,
    (I) A step of preparing a poplar single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.40 to 0.47 as the first layer and a eucalyptus single plate having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.90 as the second layer. 1,
    (II) Step 2 of laminating the first layer and the second layer, and
    (III) After the step 2, the step of polishing the surface of the first layer to adjust the thickness of the first layer to less than 1.0 mm,
    The manufacturing method of the plywood characterized by this.
PCT/JP2018/021955 2017-06-07 2018-06-07 Plywood and production method therefor WO2018225845A1 (en)

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