WO2018006857A1 - 一种平顶式低压铸造机 - Google Patents

一种平顶式低压铸造机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018006857A1
WO2018006857A1 PCT/CN2017/092085 CN2017092085W WO2018006857A1 WO 2018006857 A1 WO2018006857 A1 WO 2018006857A1 CN 2017092085 W CN2017092085 W CN 2017092085W WO 2018006857 A1 WO2018006857 A1 WO 2018006857A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
furnace
platform
cover
motor
frame
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PCT/CN2017/092085
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈程
苏伯营
邢瑞军
江艳星
李泉波
关奇汉
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上海华培动力科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018006857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018006857A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/08—Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the technical field of low pressure and differential pressure casting, and more particularly to a flat top low pressure casting machine.
  • Low-pressure casting is an advanced anti-gravity casting technology. It is a casting method in which a molten metal fills a cavity under pressure to form a casting. Low-pressure castings have high yields, compact structures and good mechanical properties. They are widely used in the production of automotive cylinder blocks, cylinder heads and hubs in the field of non-ferrous metals. In the field of ferrous metals, there are many technical bottlenecks in the prior art. Low-pressure casting machines are few in number at home and abroad, and are generally used for the production of large-scale castings. Examples of applications are: low-pressure cast spheroidal graphite cast iron crankshafts, alloy cast iron large-scale diesel engine cylinder liners. And cast steel cranks of large diesel engines. However, this type of low-pressure casting machine has a low degree of automation and low production efficiency, and cannot achieve mass production.
  • a flat-top type low-pressure casting machine which mainly comprises a frame and a sand box disposed in the frame, wherein the truss is connected to one side of the frame.
  • the rack is provided with a holding furnace; the rack comprises a rail disposed at the bottom of the rack, a furnace platform matched with the rail, a furnace cover platform disposed above the furnace platform, and a four-column guiding mechanism for supporting;
  • the truss includes a trolley guide rail, a replacement lift pipe robot and a sandbox robot that cooperates with the sandbox;
  • the heat preservation furnace includes a furnace body and a furnace cover, and the side wall of the furnace body is fixed with a tilting arm, tilting The arm is connected to the hydraulic cylinder B.
  • the rack further includes a liquid pipe nozzle cleaning device and an intermittent temperature measuring device;
  • the liquid pipe nozzle cleaning device includes two cylinders, a rotating arm and a nozzle mechanism, and the intermittent temperature measuring device
  • the utility model comprises a temperature measuring probe which is arranged in the liquid pipe nozzle cleaning device.
  • the four-column guiding mechanism is provided with four square tube guiding columns, and each of the square tube guiding columns is respectively provided with a roller groove, and the furnace cover platform is disposed between the four square tube guiding columns, and the furnace cover platform
  • the furnace cover roller is arranged around the roller groove, and the motor B is arranged on the truss, and the furnace cover platform is moved up and down under the driving of the motor B.
  • the replacement pipette robot includes a mechanical platform and a motor D disposed on the mechanical platform.
  • One side of the mechanical platform is provided with a lift pipe robot arm, and the lift pipe robot arm is connected to the motor D through a rack.
  • the lift pipe robot arm moves up and down under the driving of the motor D;
  • the sandbox robot includes a sandbox robot arm and a motor C, and the flask mechanical arm is connected to the flask mechanical arm through the guide rail and the rack, and the flask mechanical arm is in the motor C. Drive up and down.
  • the furnace body platform of the present invention is an open working platform, and the center of the furnace body platform is provided with a channel for installing and fixing the liquid lifting pipe.
  • the furnace body platform is pressed tightly by the lower plane of the sand box;
  • the riser tube is placed in the riser sleeve, and the sleeve is placed on the channel of the furnace platform to fix the riser tube, and is rigidly connected and sealed.
  • the furnace body is moved up and down by the motor B through the rack and pinion to realize the up and down movement of the furnace cover platform.
  • the low-pressure casting machine of the invention has smooth movement, the working platform is open type, and the operation space is large, and the automatic replacement of the liquid lifting pipe, the automatic cleaning of the liquid lifting pipe, the automatic transportation of the sand box, and the automatic monitoring of the inside of the sand box can be realized.
  • Leakage; the holding furnace can realize the automatic control of the temperature of the molten metal in the holding furnace; at 1600 °C, the riser can be reused many times, reducing the production cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the guiding mechanism of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pipe cleaning device for a liquid pipe according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a nozzle mechanism of a liquid pipe nozzle cleaning device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a replacement lift pipe manipulator of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the flask manipulator of the present invention.
  • the invention mainly comprises a flat-top type low-pressure casting machine, which mainly comprises a frame and a sand box arranged in the frame, which is different from the prior art in that a truss is connected to one side of the frame, and the frame is arranged inside.
  • the frame comprises a guide rail disposed at the bottom of the rack, a furnace platform matched with the guide rail, a furnace cover platform disposed above the furnace platform, and a four-column guiding mechanism for supporting;
  • the truss The utility model comprises a trolley guide rail, a replacement lift pipe manipulator and a sandbox robot matched with the sand box;
  • the heat preservation furnace comprises a furnace body and a furnace cover, the side wall of the furnace body is fixed with a tilting arm, a tilting arm and a hydraulic pressure Cylinder B Pick up.
  • the rack further comprises a riser nozzle cleaning device and an intermittent temperature measuring device;
  • the lift pipe nozzle cleaning device comprises two cylinders, a rotating arm and a nozzle mechanism, and the intermittent temperature measuring
  • the device includes a temperature probe that is disposed in the riser nozzle cleaning device.
  • the lift pipe nozzle cleaning device is connected to the frame through the first cleaning cylinder, and one end of the rotating arm is provided with first and second cleaning cylinders, and the first cleaning cylinder is connected to the frame through the cylinder bracket, second
  • the cleaning cylinder is rotatably connected to the frame through the rotating base, and the other end of the rotating arm is provided with a nozzle machine;
  • the nozzle machine is composed of a support column, a cover plate respectively disposed on the support column and the lower end, the support column and the upper part,
  • the lower cover plate is divided into a gas passage cavity, the gas passage cavity is provided with a gas pipe interface, the lower cover plate is flared, and the air hole is opened in the middle, the gas hole is connected with the gas outlet, and the gas outlet is connected with the gas pipe interface.
  • the outer surface of the lower cover is provided with an air flow baffle.
  • the four-column guiding mechanism is provided with four square tube guiding columns, and each of the square tube guiding columns is respectively provided with a roller groove, and the furnace cover platform is disposed between the four square tube guiding columns, and the furnace cover platform
  • the surrounding of the furnace is provided with a roller cover roller, and a motor B is arranged on the truss, and the furnace cover platform is driven up and down by the motor B.
  • the replacement pipette robot comprises a mechanical platform and a motor D disposed on the mechanical platform, and one side of the mechanical platform is provided with a lift pipe robot arm, and the lift pipe robot arm is connected to the motor D through the rack
  • the lift pipe robot arm moves up and down under the driving of the motor D;
  • the sand box robot includes a sand box robot arm and a motor C, the sand box robot arm is connected to the flask mechanical arm through the guide rail and the rack, and the flask mechanical arm is in the motor C Drive up and down.
  • the motor C described here includes a mechanical motion motor and a sandbox robot overall motion motor.
  • the overall motion motor of the sandbox robot not only drives the sandbox robot, but also drives the liquid lift robot.
  • the bottom of the furnace platform is provided with a roller matched with the track, the upper part of the furnace platform is fixed with a holding furnace and a hydraulic cylinder fixing seat, and the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat is connected with a hydraulic cylinder B; the lower end of the furnace cover platform The furnace cover is fixed, and a sand box positioning mechanism is arranged at the upper end, the sand box positioning mechanism is used for fixing the sand box, and a lift pipe fixing hole is arranged in the middle of the furnace cover platform, and the furnace cover platform is connected with the four-column guiding mechanism.
  • the track is horizontally arranged, and one end of the track is provided with a motor A, and the roller is connected to the motor A through a rack and pinion.
  • the furnace body comprises a furnace lining, a coil sealing mud and a furnace brick, and a furnace cover flange is sealed between the furnace body and the furnace cover, a groove is formed on the flange end surface of the furnace cover, and silicone rubber is installed in the groove
  • the side wall of the cover is fixed with four hydraulic cylinders for clamping and sealing.
  • the flask manipulator 18 includes a motor C, a robot, a manipulator cylinder, a flask seal plate, a shell core compression plate, and a shell core compression plate cylinder.
  • the low pressure casting machine includes a frame 1, a truss 14, a holding furnace, and an automatic control system.
  • the frame comprises a guide rail 8, a furnace platform 10, a furnace cover platform 4, a four-column guiding mechanism 2, a liquid pipe nozzle cleaning device and an intermittent temperature measuring device.
  • the truss includes a truss frame, a trolley guide, a flask manipulator 18, and a replacement pipette manipulator 19.
  • the holding furnace comprises a furnace body 7 and a furnace cover 13, and the side wall of the furnace body is fixed with a tilting arm 12, and the tilting arm is connected with the hydraulic cylinder B; the furnace cover is dome-shaped.
  • the automatic control system includes a liquid surface pressure control system, automatic control of the hydraulic cylinder, and automatic control of the motor.
  • the rails 8 are horizontally arranged to ensure the smooth movement of the furnace platform 10; the bottom rollers of the furnace platform are placed on the rails, and are driven by the motor A through the rack and pinion to realize the forward and backward movement of the furnace platform.
  • the furnace body comprises a furnace lining, a coil sealing mud and a furnace brick, and a rotating arm 12 is fixed on the outer side of the furnace body, and the furnace body is turned over under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder B.
  • the furnace cover is of the sky type, and under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the heat is uniformly deformed by the force, and the influence on the flatness of the platform of the furnace body and the plane of the flange sealing is small.
  • the furnace platform is an open working platform, and the center of the furnace platform is provided with a channel for installing a liquid lift pipe.
  • the flat surface of the sand box is tightly sealed; the liquid lifting pipe is placed in the rising In the liquid pipe fixing sleeve, the fixing sleeve is placed on the channel of the furnace platform to fix the liquid lifting pipe, and is rigidly connected and sealed to each other.
  • the furnace body is moved up and down by the motor through the rack and pinion to realize the up and down movement of the furnace cover platform.
  • the heat preservation melting furnace comprises an outer base shell and a melting crucible
  • the outer shell comprises a furnace body and a furnace cover
  • the furnace body and the furnace cover have a sealing flange
  • the flange end surface of the furnace cover is grooved
  • the sealing material is installed - silicon Rubber
  • the side wall of the cover is fixed with four hydraulic cylinders
  • the furnace cover is sealed and sealed by the four hydraulic cylinders.
  • the furnace body is turned over by the rotating shaft, and the furnace body is turned over.
  • the weight of the furnace is always in the middle of the shaft center and the hydraulic cylinder; if the center of gravity exceeds the center of the rotating shaft, the hydraulic cylinder topping force becomes a pulling force, causing the turning to be unstable.
  • the guiding column is a square tube, and when the furnace cover platform moves up and down, the roller is rolled on the surface of the square tube to realize moving up and down.
  • the furnace platform is thermally deformed, such a structure will not be stuck, and the furnace cover cannot be opened.
  • the flask manipulator 18 includes a motor C, a robot, a manipulator cylinder, a flask seal plate, a shell core compression plate, and a shell core compression plate cylinder.
  • the sandbox robot has two functions: one is to transport the flask; the other is to press the shell of the flask and seal the flask.
  • the sandbox robot moves down and down, the manipulator moves to the working position under the motor drive, and is positioned by the positioning pin, then the sandbox robot moves upwards to lift the flask; when the flask is in the filling position, the flask manipulator The machine moves down, the sand box sealing plate presses the sand box to achieve sealing, and then the shell core pressing plate cylinder drives the shell core pressing plate to press the shell core.
  • the sand box has a mechanical hand grasping side wall, and two positioning holes are arranged on the side wall, one is a positioning hole of the sand box robot taking the sand box, and the other is a positioning hole of the sand box and the work table.
  • the lift pipe nozzle cleaning device is divided into two stations, driven by a cylinder; when the furnace platform is placed in a sand box, the rise The liquid pipe nozzle cleaning device is in the standby position.
  • the liquid pipe nozzle cleaning device moves to the working position - the center of the liquid pipe nozzle, and the liquid lifting pipe The center of the nozzle sprays compressed air to blow away debris such as floating sand at the flange.
  • the temperature measuring probe of the intermittent temperature measuring device is an infrared thermometer.
  • the thermometer starts to work, and the laser beam is hit to the molten steel through the liquid lifting pipe.
  • the temperature of the molten metal is obtained, and then the value is fed back to the power control system.
  • the power supply automatically increases a certain power; if the temperature is higher than the set value, the power supply automatically reduces the power to achieve the holding furnace. Automatic insulation.
  • the so-called intermittent type means that after the filling is completed, the interval of the sand box is replaced for temperature measurement, and the temperature measurement interval is about 120 s. Although it is intermittent temperature measurement, the automatic control of the temperature of the molten metal is small, and for production, can be omitted.

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Abstract

一种平顶式低压铸造机，在机架（1）一侧连接有桁架（14），机架内设有保温炉；机架包括设在机架底部的导轨（8）、与导轨相配合的炉体平台（10）、设在炉体平台上方的炉盖平台（4）以及起支撑作用的四柱导向机构（2）；桁架包括小车导轨、更换升液管机械手（19）及与砂箱相配合的砂箱机械手（18）；保温炉包括炉体（7）和炉盖（13），所述的炉体侧壁固定有倾转臂（12），倾转臂与液压缸B（11）连接。该低压铸造机，其运动平稳，工作平台为敞开式，操作空间大，可以实现了自动更换升液管，自动清扫升液管，自动运送砂箱，自动监测砂箱内部是否有漏液；保温熔炼炉实现保温炉内金属液温度的自动控制；在1600℃高温下，升液管可以多次重复使用，降低了生产成本。

Description

一种平顶式低压铸造机 技术领域
本发明涉及低压及差压铸造的技术领域，具体地说是一种平顶式低压铸造机。
背景技术
低压铸造是一种先进的反重力铸造技术，是一种金属液在压力作用下充填型腔，以形成铸件的铸造方法。低压铸造的铸件的得料率较高，组织致密，力学性能较好，在有色金属领域，被广泛应用于生产汽车缸体、缸盖及轮毂等零件。在黑色金属领域，现有技术中存在很多的技术瓶颈，低压铸造机国内外数量较少，一般用于生产大型铸件，应用的实例如：低压铸造的球墨铸铁曲轴、合金铸铁的大型柴油机缸套以及大型柴油机的铸钢曲拐等。但是该类低压铸造机自动化程度较低，生产效率较低，无法实现大规模生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种改进的平顶式低压铸造机，它可克服现有技术中自动化程度低的一些不足。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：一种平顶式低压铸造机，它主要包括机架和设在机架内的砂箱，其特征在于：机架侧一侧连接有桁架，机架内设有保温炉；所述的机架包括设在机架底部的导轨、与导轨相配合的炉体平台、设在炉体平台上方的炉盖平台以及起支撑作用的四柱导向机构；所述的桁架包括小车导轨、更换升液管机械手及与砂箱相配合的砂箱机械手；所述的保温炉包括炉体和炉盖，所述的炉体侧壁固定有倾转臂，倾转臂与液压缸B连接。
进一步，机架还包括升液管管口清扫装置和间歇式测温装置；所述的升液管管口清扫装置包括两个气缸、一个旋转臂和喷嘴机构，所述的间歇式测温装置包括测温探头，该测温探头设置于升液管管口清扫装置中。
优选的，四柱导向机构设有四个方管导柱，每个方管导柱的内侧分别设有一滚轮槽，所述的炉盖平台设置于四个方管导柱之间，炉盖平台的四周分别设有与滚轮槽相配炉盖滚轮，桁架上设有电机B，炉盖平台在电机B的驱动下进行上下运动。
更进一步，更换升液管机械手包括机械平台和设在机械平台上的电机D，机械平台的一侧设有升液管机械手臂，所述的升液管机械手臂通过齿条与电机D相连，升液管机械手臂在电机D的驱动下上下运动；砂箱机械手包括砂箱机械手臂和电机C，砂箱机械手臂通过导轨和齿条与砂箱机械手臂相连，砂箱机械手臂在电机C的驱动下上下运动。
使用时，本发明的炉体平台为敞开式工作平台，炉体平台中心开有安装固定升液管的通道，升液管放置后，靠砂箱下平面压紧密封炉体平台；所述的升液管放置在升液管固定套中，固定套放置在炉体平台固定升液管的通道，彼此硬性连接密封。所述的炉体上下移动靠电机B通过齿轮齿条来驱动，实现炉盖平台的上下运动。因此，本发明的低压铸造机，其运动平稳，工作平台为敞开式，操作空间大，可以实现了自动更换升液管，自动清扫升液管，自动运送砂箱，自动监测砂箱内部是否有漏液；保温熔炼炉实现保温炉内金属液温度的自动控制；在1600℃高温下，升液管可以多次重复使用，降低了生产成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例的结构示意图。
图2为本发明导向机构的局部放大示意图。
图3为本发明升液管管口清扫装置的结构示意图。
图4为本发明升液管管口清扫装置的喷嘴机构结构示意图。
图5为本发明更换升液管机械手的结构示意图。
图6为本发明砂箱机械手的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
附图中各部件的标记如下：1、机架；2、四柱导向机构；3、砂箱；4、炉盖平台；5、液压缸A；6、炉体转轴；7、炉体；8、导轨；9、电机A；10、炉体平台；11、液压缸B；12、倾转臂；13、炉盖；14、桁架；15、电机B；16、机械手导轨；17、电机C；18、砂箱机械手；19、更换升液管机械手；20、电机D；21、导柱；22、滚轮；
23升液管管口清扫装置；231、第一清扫气缸；232、第二清扫气缸；233、旋转臂；234、喷嘴机；235、支撑柱；236、气管接口；237、气体出口；238、气流挡板；239、气缸支座；240、旋转座。
191、机械平台；192、升液管机械手臂；181、砂箱机械手臂；182、机械手上下运动电机；183、砂箱机械手整体运动电机。
本发明主要包括一种平顶式低压铸造机，它主要包括机架和设在机架内的砂箱，其与现有技术的区别在于：机架侧一侧连接有桁架，机架内设有保温炉；所述的机架包括设在机架底部的导轨、与导轨相配合的炉体平台、设在炉体平台上方的炉盖平台以及起支撑作用的四柱导向机构；所述的桁架包括小车导轨、更换升液管机械手及与砂箱相配合的砂箱机械手；所述的保温炉包括炉体和炉盖，所述的炉体侧壁固定有倾转臂，倾转臂与液压缸B连 接。
优选的，机架还包括升液管管口清扫装置和间歇式测温装置；所述的升液管管口清扫装置包括两个气缸、一个旋转臂和喷嘴机构，所述的间歇式测温装置包括测温探头，该测温探头设置于升液管管口清扫装置中。
进一步，所述的升液管管口清扫装置通过第一清扫气缸与机架相连，旋转臂的一端设有第一、第二清扫气缸，第一清扫气缸通过气缸支架与机架相连，第二清扫气缸通过旋转座与机架形成可转动连接，旋转臂的另一端设有喷嘴机；所述的喷嘴机由支撑柱、分别设在支撑柱上、下端的盖板组成，支撑柱与上、下盖板之间围合成为一个气路腔体，气路腔体内设有气管接口，下盖板呈喇叭状，中间开设有气孔，所述的气孔与气体出口，该气体出口与气管接口相连，下盖板的外表面设有气流挡板。
可选的，四柱导向机构设有四个方管导柱，每个方管导柱的内侧分别设有一滚轮槽，所述的炉盖平台设置于四个方管导柱之间，炉盖平台的四周分别设有与滚轮槽相配炉盖滚轮，桁架上设有电机B，炉盖平台在电机B的驱动下进行上下运动。
可选的，更换升液管机械手包括机械平台和设在机械平台上的电机D，机械平台的一侧设有升液管机械手臂，所述的升液管机械手臂通过齿条与电机D相连，升液管机械手臂在电机D的驱动下上下运动；砂箱机械手包括砂箱机械手臂和电机C，砂箱机械手臂通过导轨和齿条与砂箱机械手臂相连，砂箱机械手臂在电机C的驱动下上下运动。这里所述的电机C包含机械手上下运动电机和砂箱机械手整体运动电机，砂箱机械手整体运动电机不光带动砂箱机械手，同时也带动升液管机械手运动。
更进一步，炉体平台的底部设有与轨道相配合的滚轮，炉体平台的上部固定有保温炉和液压缸固定座，液压缸固定座上连接有液压缸B；所述的炉盖平台下端固定炉盖，上端设有砂箱定位机构，砂箱定位机构用以固定砂箱，炉盖平台中间设有升液管固定孔，所述的炉盖平台与四柱导向机构相连。
进一步，所述的轨道水平布置，轨道的一端设有电机A，所述的滚轮通过齿轮齿条与电机A相连。
可选的，所述的炉体包括炉衬、线圈封泥和炉砖，炉体和炉盖之间密封有炉盖法兰，炉盖法兰端面开设有沟槽，沟槽内安装有硅橡胶，所述的炉盖侧壁固定4个用以夹紧和密封的液压缸。
可选的，所述的砂箱机械手18包括电机C、机械手、机械手气缸、砂箱密封板、壳芯压紧板和壳芯压紧板气缸。
在实施中，如图1所示，低压铸造机包括机架1、桁架14、保温炉和自动控制***。所述的机架包括导轨8、炉体平台10、炉盖平台4、四柱导向机构2、升液管管口清扫装置和间歇式测温装置。所述的桁架包括桁架机架、小车导轨、砂箱机械手18和更换升液管机械手19。所述的保温炉包括炉体7和炉盖13，所述的炉体侧壁固定有倾转臂12，倾转臂与液压缸B连接；所述的炉盖为穹顶式。所述的自动控制***包括液面加压控制***、液压缸的自动控制和电机的自动控制。
所述的轨道8水平布置，保证炉体平台10的平稳运动；炉体平台底部滚轮放置在轨道上，靠电机A通过齿轮齿条来传动，实现炉体平台的前后运动。
所述的炉体包括炉衬、线圈封泥和炉砖，炉体外侧固定有转臂12，在液压缸B的驱动下，实现炉体的翻转。所述的炉盖为苍穹式，在高温和高压条件下，受热受力变形均匀，对炉体平台平面度和法兰密封平面影响较小。
所述的炉体平台为敞开式工作平台，炉体平台中心开有安装固定升液管的通道，升液管放置后，靠砂箱下平面压紧密封；所述的升液管放置在升液管固定套中，固定套放置在炉体平台固定升液管的通道，彼此硬性连接密封。所述的炉体上下移动靠电机通过齿轮齿条来驱动，实现炉盖平台的上下运动。
所述的保温熔炼炉包括外部基础壳体和熔炼坩埚，外部壳体包括炉体和炉盖，炉体和炉盖有密封用法兰，炉盖法兰端面开有沟槽，安装密封材料-硅橡胶，所述的炉盖侧壁固定4个液压缸，炉体炉盖密封靠这4个液压缸出力夹紧密封。所述的炉体靠转轴翻转，炉体翻转整个过程，炉体重心始终在转轴中心和液压缸中间；如果重心超出转轴中心，液压缸顶出力变为拉力，造成翻转不稳。
所述的四柱导向机构中导柱为方管，炉盖平台上下移动时，靠滚轮在方管表面滚动，实现上下移动。当炉体平台受热变形后，这样的结构不会被卡死，发生炉盖打不开的情况。
所述的砂箱机械手18包括电机C、机械手、机械手气缸、砂箱密封板、壳芯压紧板和壳芯压紧板气缸。砂箱机械手有两个功能：一是运送砂箱；二是将砂箱内的壳芯压紧并密封砂箱。在电机C驱动下实现砂箱机械手上下移动，机械手在电机驱动下移动到工作位，依靠定位销定位，然后砂箱机械手向上运动，将砂箱提起；砂箱在充型位置时，砂箱机械手机械下移，砂箱密封板压紧砂箱，实现密封，然后壳芯压紧板气缸驱动壳芯压紧板压紧壳芯。
所述的砂箱有机械手抓取侧壁，侧壁上有两个定位孔，一个是砂箱机械手取砂箱的定位孔，一个是砂箱与工作台的定位孔。
所述的升液管管口清扫装置分为两个工位，靠气缸驱动；当炉体平台放砂箱时，升 液管管口清扫装置在待机位置，当充型保压完毕，砂箱由机械手取走后，升液管管口清扫装置靠气缸移动到工作位置-升液管管口中心，由升液管管口中心喷出压缩空气，将法兰处的浮砂等杂物吹走。
所述的间歇式测温装置的测温探头为红外测温仪，当升液管管口清扫装置清扫升液管法兰时，测温仪开始工作，通过升液管将激光束打到钢水表面，得到金属液的温度，然后将数值反馈到电源控制***，如果温度较所设值低，则电源自动增加一定功率；如果温度较所设值高，则电源自动降低一定功率，实现保温炉的自动保温。所谓间歇式是指在充型结束后，更换砂箱的间隔进行测温，测温间隔大约120s，虽然是间歇式测温，但是这种自动控制金属液温度的波动较小，对生产来说可以忽略。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明具体实施只局限于上述这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种平顶式低压铸造机，它主要包括机架和设在机架内的砂箱，其特征在于：机架侧一侧连接有桁架，机架内设有保温炉；
    所述的机架包括设在机架底部的导轨、与导轨相配合的炉体平台、设在炉体平台上方的炉盖平台以及起支撑作用的四柱导向机构；
    所述的桁架包括小车导轨、更换升液管机械手及与砂箱相配合的砂箱机械手；
    所述的保温炉包括炉体和炉盖，所述的炉体侧壁固定有倾转臂，倾转臂与液压缸B连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平顶式低压铸造机，其特征在于：机架还包括升液管管口清扫装置和间歇式测温装置；
    所述的升液管管口清扫装置包括两个气缸、一个旋转臂和喷嘴机构，所述的间歇式测温装置包括测温探头，该测温探头设置于升液管管口清扫装置中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种平顶式低压铸造机，其特征在于：所述的升液管管口清扫装置通过第一清扫气缸与机架相连，旋转臂的一端设有第一、第二清扫气缸，第一清扫气缸通过气缸支架与机架相连，第二清扫气缸通过旋转座与机架形成可转动连接，旋转臂的另一端设有喷嘴机；
    所述的喷嘴机由支撑柱、分别设在支撑柱上、下端的盖板组成，支撑柱与上、下盖板之间围合成为一个气路腔体，气路腔体内设有气管接口，下盖板呈喇叭状，中间开设有气孔，所述的气孔与气体出口，该气体出口与气管接口相连，下盖板的外表面设有气流挡板。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平顶式低压铸造机，其特征在于：四柱导向机构设有四个方管导柱，每个方管导柱的内侧分别设有一滚轮槽，所述的炉盖平台设置于四个方管导柱之间，炉盖平台的四周分别设有与滚轮槽相配炉盖滚轮，
    桁架上设有电机B，炉盖平台在电机B的驱动下进行上下运动。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平顶式低压铸造机，其特征在于：更换升液管机械手包括机械平台和设在机械平台上的电机D，机械平台的一侧设有升液管机械手臂，所述的升液管机械手臂通过齿条与电机D相连，升液管机械手臂在电机D的驱动下上下运动；
    砂箱机械手包括砂箱机械手臂和电机C，砂箱机械手臂通过导轨和齿条与砂箱机械手臂相连，砂箱机械手臂在电机C的驱动下上下运动。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平顶式低压铸造机，其特征在于：炉体平台的底部设有与轨道相配合的滚轮，炉体平台的上部固定有保温炉和液压缸固定座，液压缸固定座上连接有液压缸B；
    所述的炉盖平台下端固定炉盖，上端设有砂箱定位机构，砂箱定位机构用以固定砂箱，炉盖 平台中间设有升液管固定孔，所述的炉盖平台与四柱导向机构相连。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种平顶式低压铸造机，其特征在于：所述的轨道水平布置，轨道的一端设有电机A，所述的滚轮通过齿轮齿条与电机A相连。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平顶式低压铸造机，其特征在于：所述的炉体包括炉衬、线圈封泥和炉砖，炉体和炉盖之间密封有炉盖法兰，炉盖法兰端面开设有沟槽，沟槽内安装有硅橡胶，所述的炉盖侧壁固定4个用以夹紧和密封的液压缸。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种平顶式低压铸造机，其特征在于：所述的砂箱机械手18包括电机C、机械手、机械手气缸、砂箱密封板、壳芯压紧板和壳芯压紧板气缸。
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