WO2017169685A1 - Capteur de détection de particules - Google Patents
Capteur de détection de particules Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017169685A1 WO2017169685A1 PCT/JP2017/009919 JP2017009919W WO2017169685A1 WO 2017169685 A1 WO2017169685 A1 WO 2017169685A1 JP 2017009919 W JP2017009919 W JP 2017009919W WO 2017169685 A1 WO2017169685 A1 WO 2017169685A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- outside air
- flow path
- housing
- detection sensor
- outflow portion
- Prior art date
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a particle detection sensor.
- particle detection sensors that detect particles floating in the atmosphere are known.
- particles floating in the atmosphere are taken into the sensor along with the air flow, and the amount of light received by the particles crossing the detection area located between the light projecting element and the light receiving element provided in the sensor is measured. Detect changes.
- grain detection sensor detects the magnitude
- the airflow that takes particles floating in the atmosphere into the detection area inside the sensor is a laminar flow.
- the flow path width through which the airflow flows is reduced due to the downsizing of the sensor, but also the flow path shape is complicated due to the built-in optical trap structure. For this reason, in the conventional particle detection sensor, since the flow path width becomes complicated, turbulent flow is likely to occur in the detection region, so that the particle detection accuracy decreases.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and provides a particle detection sensor capable of suppressing the occurrence of turbulent flow in a detection region and suppressing a decrease in particle detection accuracy. Objective.
- an aspect of the particle detection sensor includes an outer casing having at least one outside air inflow portion into which outside air flows and at least one outside air outflow portion from which the outside air flows out. And a housing having a housing inflow portion into which the first gas that is a part of the outside air flows and a housing outflow portion from which the inflowing first gas flows out are housed in the outer housing.
- the first gas in a detection region having a light projecting system and a light receiving system provided in the housing, wherein the light projecting region of the light projecting system and the light receiving target region of the light receiving system overlap.
- first flow path that is the flow path and the second gas that is another part of the outside air are attracted from the outside air inflow portion to the inside of the outer casing, outside the casing, and A second flow path that is a flow path that passes through the inside of the outer casing and is discharged to the outside air outflow portion, and the flow resistance of the first flow path is a flow rate of the second flow path. Greater than road resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a particle detection sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the sensor main body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the sensor body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a six-sided view of the sensor main body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sensor main body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the particle detection sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing two flow paths provided in the particle detection sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a particle detection sensor according to Modification 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing two flow paths provided in the particle detection sensor according to the second modification of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing two flow paths provided in a particle detection sensor according to Modification 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a particle detection sensor 1 according to the present embodiment.
- 2 to 5 are a schematic perspective view, an exploded perspective view, a six-sided view, and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of the sensor main body 2 of the particle detection sensor 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the particle detection sensor 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the particle detection sensor 1 has a flat and substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the directions along two sides orthogonal to each other are taken as an X-axis direction and a Y-axis direction, respectively. Moreover, let the thickness direction of the particle
- the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis indicate the three axes of the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system.
- the cross section shown in FIG. 6 and the like corresponds to the XY cross section.
- the particle detection sensor 1 is attached to a device or the like in such a posture that the positive direction of the Y axis is on the upper side and the negative direction of the Y axis is on the lower side, for example.
- the posture of the particle detection sensor 1 is not limited to this.
- the positive direction of the X axis may be the upper side and the negative direction of the X axis may be the lower side.
- the particle detection sensor 1 is a photoelectric particle detection sensor including an outer casing 63 and a sensor main body 2 housed inside the outer casing 63.
- the particle detection sensor 1 includes a blower mechanism 66, an airflow guide wall 64, and an auxiliary airflow guide wall 65.
- the sensor main body 2 includes a housing 10 and an optical system 20 disposed inside the housing 10.
- the optical system 20 irradiates the detection area DA in the housing 10 with light, and the light receiving system 130 receives light scattered by the particles 3 (aerosol) passing through the detection area DA.
- the presence or absence of the particles 3 is detected by receiving the light.
- the particle detection sensor 1 is not limited to the presence or absence of the particles 3 and may detect the number and size of the particles 3.
- the particles 3 to be detected by the particle detection sensor 1 are fine particles such as fine dust, pollen, smoke, and PM2.5, for example.
- the outer casing 63 is a structure surrounding the casing 10.
- the outer casing 63 has an outside air inflow portion 631 and an outside air outflow portion 632.
- the outside air including the particles 3 flows into the particle detection sensor 1 from the outside air inflow portion 631, and at least a part (first gas) flows out of the outside air outflow portion 632 through the detection area DA in the housing 10.
- first gas flows out of the outside air outflow portion 632 through the detection area DA in the housing 10.
- the housing 10 is a housing (case) that covers the optical system 20 and the detection area DA.
- the housing 10 covers the optical system 20 and the detection area DA and fixes the relative positions of the optical system 20 and the detection area DA so that external light is not irradiated to the optical system 20 and the detection area DA. .
- the housing 10 includes a housing inflow portion 101 for allowing the particles 3 to flow therein, and a housing outflow portion 102 for allowing the particles 3 flowing into the interior to flow outside.
- the particles 3 flow in from the housing inflow portion 101, pass through the inside of the housing 10 (for example, the detection area DA), and flow out of the housing. It flows out from the part 102.
- a detailed configuration of the housing 10 will be described later.
- the optical system 20 optically detects the particles 3 that flow into the housing 10 through the housing inflow portion 101 and pass through the detection area DA.
- the optical system 20 includes a light projecting system 120 and a light receiving system that are arranged so that their optical axes (optical axis P and optical axis Q) intersect the detection area DA.
- the particle 3 having 130 and passing through the detection area DA is detected by the light receiving system 130 using the light output from the light projecting system 120.
- the light receiving system 130 receives light scattered from the light projecting system 120 by the particles 3 contained in the first gas flowing into the housing 10 in the detection area DA.
- the particles 3 are detected.
- the specific number and size of the particles 3 are detected by signal processing by a control circuit or the like formed on the circuit board 70.
- the light projecting system 120 includes a light projecting element 121 and a light projecting lens 122.
- the light receiving system 130 includes a light receiving element 131 and a light receiving lens 132. The detailed configuration of the optical system 20 will be described later.
- the detection area DA is an aerosol detection area (aerosol measurement part) that is an area for detecting the particles 3 contained in the gas to be measured.
- the detection area DA is an area where the light projecting area of the light projecting system 120 and the light receiving target area of the light receiving system 130 overlap.
- the light projecting region is a region through which light emitted from the light projecting system 120 passes, for example, a region including the optical axis P of the light projecting system 120.
- the light receiving target region is a region through which light that can be received by the light receiving system 130 passes, for example, a region including the optical axis Q of the light receiving system 130.
- the detection area DA is, for example, a substantially spherical area (space) having a diameter ( ⁇ ) of about 2 mm.
- the measurement target gas (first gas) flows from the housing inflow portion 101 of the housing 10, is guided to the detection area DA, and then flows out from the housing outflow portion 102.
- the sensor body 2 of the particle detection sensor 1 further includes an optical trap 40, a circuit board 70, a connector 80, a first shield cover 90, and a second shield. And a cover 91.
- the optical trap 40 traps light that is output from the light projecting system 120 and passes through the detection area DA, and second light that traps light that is not trapped in the first optical trap 41. And an optical trap 42.
- the first light trap 41 is provided at a position facing the light projecting system 120 via the detection area DA.
- the second optical trap 42 is provided at a position facing the light receiving system 130 via the detection area DA.
- the second optical trap 42 has a labyrinth structure in which a plurality of wedge-shaped protrusions 115 are provided, for example.
- the circuit board 70 is a printed wiring board on which a control circuit for the particle detection sensor 1 is formed.
- the control circuit controls, for example, the output of light by the light projecting system 120 and the processing of an electrical signal based on the optical signal received by the light receiving system 130.
- the control circuit detects the presence / absence, size and number of particles 3 and outputs the detection result to the outside via the connector 80.
- the circuit board 70 is, for example, a rectangular flat plate, and the housing 10 is fixed to one main surface (front surface).
- One or a plurality of circuit elements (circuit components) constituting the control circuit are mounted on the other main surface (back surface).
- the electrode terminals of the light projecting element 121 and the light receiving element 131 penetrate the back cover 110 (details will be described later) of the housing 10 and the circuit board 70 and are soldered to the back surface of the circuit board 70. Thereby, each of the light projecting element 121 and the light receiving element is electrically connected to the control circuit, and the operation is controlled by the control circuit.
- the plurality of circuit elements include, for example, a resistor, a capacitor, a coil, a diode, or a transistor.
- the electrolytic capacitor 71 which is one of the plurality of circuit elements, is provided on the surface of the circuit board 70 and is disposed in the housing 10.
- the connector 80 is a connector for connecting the control circuit (circuit board 70) of the particle detection sensor 1 to an external control circuit or a power supply circuit.
- the connector 80 is mounted on the back surface of the circuit board 70.
- the particle detection sensor 1 operates by supplying electric power from the outside via the connector 80.
- the first shield cover 90 is a metal cover provided to protect the control circuit from external noise.
- the first shield cover 90 is attached to the back side of the circuit board 70.
- the second shield cover 91 is a metal cover provided to protect the light receiving element 131 of the light receiving system 130 from external noise. As shown in FIGS. 4A, 4D, and 4E, the second shield cover 91 is a part of the front, top, and left side of the housing 10, and the light receiving element 131 is disposed therein. Covers the part that was made.
- the first shield cover 90 and the second shield cover 91 are made of tin plates that can be easily connected by soldering, for example.
- a sensor unit including a detection area DA and an optical system 20 and an optical trap 40 are provided inside the housing 10.
- the housing 10 is configured by two members, a front cover 100 and a back cover 110.
- the housing 10 is housed inside the outer housing 63.
- the housing 10 has a light shielding property.
- the housing 10 is black at least on the inner surface so as to absorb stray light.
- the stray light is light other than the scattered light by the particles 3. Specifically, the stray light is not scattered by the particles 3 in the detection area DA in the light output from the light projecting system 120, and the inside of the housing 10. It is a traveling light.
- the housing 10 is formed, for example, by injection molding using a resin material such as ABS resin. Specifically, each of the front cover 100 and the back cover 110 is formed by injection molding using a resin material, and then combined with each other to form the housing 10. At this time, for example, by using a resin material to which a black pigment or dye is added, the inner surface of the housing 10 can be made a black surface.
- the housing 10 is a flat polyhedron, and includes a front surface portion 10a, a back surface portion 10b, a lower surface portion 10c, an upper surface portion 10d, a left side surface portion 10e, and a right side surface portion 10f.
- the housing 10 has a prismatic shape having a bottom surface of a substantially heptagon in which the upper right corner and the upper left corner of the four corners of the rectangle are slanted.
- the front surface portion 10a, the back surface portion 10b, the lower surface portion 10c, the upper surface portion 10d, the left side surface portion 10e, and the right side surface portion 10f form the front surface (front surface), the back surface, the lower surface, the upper surface, the left side surface, and the right side surface of the housing 10, respectively.
- the front part 10 a is the bottom of the front cover 100
- the back part 10 b is the bottom of the back cover 110.
- the lower surface portion 10c, the upper surface portion 10d, the left side surface portion 10e, and the right side surface portion 10f are formed by combining the side periphery of the front cover 100 and the side periphery of the back cover 110.
- casing 10 is an example, Comprising: It does not restrict to this.
- the housing 10 may be a rectangular parallelepiped having a rectangular bottom surface (front surface portion 10a and back surface portion 10b), or a circular cylinder having a circular bottom surface.
- the housing 10 has a housing inflow portion 101 and a housing outflow portion 102 as shown in FIGS. Specifically, a housing inflow portion 101 and a housing outflow portion 102 are provided on the front surface portion 10 a of the housing 10.
- the housing inflow portion 101 is an opening having a predetermined shape provided so as to penetrate the outer wall of the housing 10.
- a first gas that is a part of the outside air and includes particles 3 flows into the inside of the housing 10 through the housing inflow portion 101.
- the case inflow portion 101 is, for example, a substantially rectangular opening of 5.5 mm ⁇ 12 mm, but the shape of the case inflow portion 101 is not limited to this.
- the casing inflow portion 101 may be an opening such as a circle or an ellipse.
- the housing inflow portion 101 is not provided in the direction directly below the detection area DA (the negative direction of the Y axis), but is provided in the lower corner of the front cover 100. It has been. Thereby, it is difficult for external light entering from the housing inflow portion 101 to be irradiated to the detection area DA, and it is possible to prevent the light from entering the light receiving element 131 as stray light.
- the housing outflow portion 102 is an opening having a predetermined shape provided so as to penetrate the outer wall of the housing 10.
- the first gas that has flowed into the housing 10 and contains the particles 3 flows out of the housing 10 through the housing outflow portion 102.
- the case outflow portion 102 is, for example, a substantially rectangular opening of 5 mm ⁇ 12 mm, but the shape of the case outflow portion 102 is not limited to this.
- the housing outflow portion 102 may be an opening such as a circle or an ellipse.
- the size of the housing outflow portion 102 is substantially the same as that of the housing inflow portion 101, for example.
- the housing inflow portion 101 may be provided on the back surface portion 10b, the bottom surface portion 10c, the left side surface portion 10e, or the right side surface portion 10f of the housing 10.
- the housing outflow portion 102 may be provided on the back surface portion 10b, the top surface portion 10d, the left side surface portion 10e, or the right side surface portion 10f of the housing 10.
- the housing 10 is provided with an internal structure for configuring the optical trap 40.
- the back cover 110 includes a first light reflecting wall 111, a second light reflecting wall 112, a third light reflecting wall 113, a fourth light reflecting wall 114, and A plurality of wedge-shaped protrusions 115 are provided.
- the first light reflecting wall 111 and the second light reflecting wall 112 form a first light trap 41.
- the third light reflecting wall 113, the fourth light reflecting wall 114, and the plurality of wedge-shaped protrusions 115 form the second light trap 42.
- a cleaning window 108 is further provided on the front surface portion 10 a of the housing 10.
- the cleaning window 108 is a trapezoidal through hole provided in the center of the front cover 100.
- the cleaning window 108 is provided to remove dirt or dust attached to the inside of the light projecting lens 122, the light receiving lens 132, and the housing 10.
- the inside of the housing 10 can be cleaned by inserting a cotton swab or the like through the cleaning window 108.
- the cleaning window 108 is covered with a cover member (not shown) so that external light is not irradiated onto the detection area DA through the cleaning window 108.
- optical system 20 is disposed in the back cover 110 of the housing 10 and is housed inside the housing 10 by being sandwiched by the front cover 100. As shown in FIG. 5, the light projecting system 120 and the light receiving system 130 are arranged so that their optical axes (optical axis P and optical axis Q) intersect each other.
- the light projecting system 120 outputs light so as to be focused on the detection area DA.
- the light projecting system 120 includes a light projecting element 121 and a light projecting lens 122.
- the light projecting element 121 is a light source (light emitting part) that emits light of a predetermined wavelength, and is, for example, a solid light emitting element such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) or a semiconductor laser.
- the optical axis of the light projecting element 121 coincides with the optical axis P of the light projecting system 120 and passes through the detection area DA, for example.
- the light projecting element 121 a light emitting element that emits ultraviolet light, blue light, green light, red light, or infrared light can be used.
- the light projecting element 121 may be configured to emit a mixed wave having two or more wavelengths.
- a bullet-type LED that outputs light having a wavelength of 600 nm to 800 nm, for example, is used as the light projecting element 121 in view of the light scattering intensity by the particles 3.
- the light projecting lens 122 is disposed in front of the light projecting element 121 and is configured to travel light emitted from the light projecting element 121 toward the detection area DA. That is, the light emitted from the light projecting element 121 passes through the detection area DA via the light projecting lens 122. The particles 3 passing through the detection area DA scatter light from the light projecting element 121.
- the light projecting lens 122 is, for example, a condensing lens that condenses the light emitted from the light projecting element 121 in the detection area DA, and is, for example, a transparent resin lens such as polycarbonate (PC) or a glass lens.
- a transparent resin lens such as polycarbonate (PC) or a glass lens.
- the focus of the light projection lens 122 exists in the detection area DA.
- the light receiving system 130 receives light scattered from the light projecting system 120 by the particles 3 in the detection area DA.
- an example of a light path is indicated by a thick solid arrow.
- the light receiving system 130 includes a light receiving element 131 and a light receiving lens 132.
- the light receiving element 131 receives at least a part of light scattered from the light projecting element 121 by the particles 3 in the detection area DA.
- the light receiving element 131 is a photoelectric conversion element that converts received light into an electrical signal, such as a photodiode, a photo IC diode, a phototransistor, or a photomultiplier tube.
- the optical axis of the light receiving element 131 coincides with the optical axis Q of the light receiving system 130 and passes, for example, the detection area DA.
- the light receiving lens 132 is disposed between the light receiving element 131 and the detection area DA, and is configured to collect light incident from the detection area DA side on the light receiving element 131.
- the light receiving lens 132 is a condensing lens that condenses the light scattered by the particles 3 on the light receiving element 131 in the detection area DA, and is, for example, a transparent resin lens such as a PC or a glass lens.
- the focal point of the light receiving lens 132 exists on the surface of the detection area DA and the light receiving element 131.
- the outer casing 63 is a casing that houses the sensor main body 2 therein. Specifically, the casing 10 is disposed inside the outer casing 63, and a second flow path (details will be described later) is provided between the casing 10 and the outer casing 63.
- the outer casing 63 is composed of three members: an outer front cover 633, an outer rear cover 634, and an outer side cover 635.
- the outer casing 63 has a light shielding property and is formed by injection molding using a resin material such as ABS resin. Specifically, each of the outer front cover 633, the outer rear cover 634, and the outer side cover 635 is formed by injection molding using a resin material, and then combined with each other to form the outer casing 63.
- the outer casing 63 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as shown in FIG. 1, and includes a front surface portion 63a, a rear surface portion 63b, a lower surface portion 63c, an upper surface portion 63d, and a left side surface portion 63e. And a right side surface portion 63f.
- the front part 63 a is the bottom of the outer front cover 633
- the rear part 63 b is the bottom of the outer rear cover 634
- the right side part 63 f is the outer side cover 635.
- the lower surface portion 63c, the upper surface portion 63d, and the left side surface portion 63e are formed by combining the side surface portion of the outer front cover 633 and the side surface portion of the outer rear cover 634.
- the shape of the outer casing 63 is an example, and is not limited thereto.
- the outer casing 63 may be a prism having a substantially polygonal bottom surface (front surface portion 63a and back surface portion 63b), or a circular cylinder having a circular bottom surface.
- the outer casing 63 includes an outside air inflow portion 631 and an outside air outflow portion 632.
- the outside air inflow portion 631 is formed on the left side of the bottom of the outer front cover 633 of the outer case 63 and in the vicinity of the case inflow portion 101.
- the outside air inflow portion 631 may be configured by a plurality of rectangular through holes formed side by side in the surface of the front surface portion 63a. Outside air flows into the outer casing 63 through the outside air inflow portion 631.
- the outside air outflow portion 632 is provided on the outer side surface cover 635.
- the outside air outflow portion 632 is a through hole that penetrates a part of the outer side surface cover 635. Outside air that has flowed into the outer casing 63 flows out through the outside air outflow portion 632.
- the outer back cover 634 has a notch 636.
- the notch 636 is installed in the vicinity of the connector 80 of the particle detection sensor 1.
- a power line or the like to which power is supplied from the outside is connected to the connector 80 through a notch 636.
- the air blowing mechanism 66 is a structure that generates an air flow, and is disposed in the vicinity of at least one of the outside air inflow portion 631 and the outside air outflow portion 632. In the present embodiment, an air blowing mechanism 66 is installed inside the outside air outflow portion 632.
- the blower mechanism 66 generates an air flow in the outside air outflow portion 632 from the inside of the outer casing 63 to the outside of the outer casing 63. Thereby, the gas (outside air) containing the particles 3 flows into the outer casing 63 from the outside air inflow portion 631.
- the outside air that has flowed into the outer casing 63 flows through the first flow path 61 (see FIG. 7) in the casing 10 or the second flow inside the outer casing 63 outside the casing 10.
- the air is discharged from the outside air outflow portion 632 through the passage 62 (see FIG. 7).
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing two flow paths provided in the particle detection sensor 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the first flow path 61 has a detection region after the first gas, which is a part of the outside air, is attracted from the outside air inflow portion 631 to the inside of the housing 10 through the housing inflow portion 101.
- the flow path passes through DA and passes through the housing outflow portion 102 and is discharged from the outside air outflow portion 632.
- the flow of the first gas in the first flow path 61 is indicated by a dotted arrow.
- the second flow path 62 is outside the casing 10 and the outer casing 63. It is a flow path until it passes through the inside and is discharged from the outside air outflow part 632.
- the flow of the second gas in the second flow path 62 is indicated by a dashed-dotted arrow.
- the second flow path 62 is formed by the inner wall of the outer casing 63 and the outer wall of the casing 10. Specifically, the second flow path 62 is an internal space of the outer casing 63 and is formed in a space (gap) outside the casing 10.
- the space between the outside air inflow portion 631 and the housing inflow portion 101 and the space between the housing outflow portion 102 and the outside air outflow portion 632 are respectively the first flow path 61.
- the second flow path 62 that is, the outside air that has passed through the outside air inflow portion 631 and has flowed into the outer housing 63 does not enter the inside of the housing 10 from the first gas that travels from the housing inflow portion 101 to the inside of the housing 10. It is divided into a second gas that travels outside the housing 10.
- the first gas that has flowed out of the case outflow portion 102 through the inside of the case 10 and the second gas that has advanced without entering the case 10 merge in the space in front of the outside air outflow portion 632, It is discharged to the outside of the outer casing 63 through the outside air outflow portion 632.
- the channel resistance of the first channel 61 is greater than the channel resistance of the second channel 62.
- the flow path resistance is a frictional force generated when a gas as a fluid passes through the flow path and generated between the inner wall forming the flow path and the gas in the opposite direction to the flow.
- the differential pressure P [Pa] at the flow path inlet / outlet is ⁇ for the flow coefficient, L [m] for the length of the flow path, and the density of outside air flowing through the flow path. Is ⁇ [kg / m 3 ], the flow velocity in the flow channel is Va [m / s], and the diameter of the flow channel is d [m].
- the flow friction coefficient ⁇ can be expressed by the following equation 2 where Reynolds number of the fluid is Re.
- channel friction coefficient ⁇ can be expressed by the following equation 3 when the fluid flow through the channel is turbulent and the Reynolds number of the fluid is Re.
- the flow path resistance corresponds to the portion excluding Va in (Equation 1). For this reason, the channel resistance increases as the channel becomes longer. Further, the channel resistance increases as the channel becomes thinner, that is, as the effective sectional area of the channel becomes smaller.
- the length of the second flow path 62 is shorter than the length of the first flow path 61.
- the second flow path 62 is formed so as to linearly connect the outside air inflow portion 631 to the outside air outflow portion 632 along the X axis.
- the first flow path 61 travels deeper than the second flow path 62, the first flow path 61 is longer than the second flow path 62.
- the first flow path 61 is only in the X axis direction. Not extending in the Y-axis direction.
- the length of the second flow path 62 is shorter than the length of the first flow path 61, the flow resistance of the first flow path 61 is reduced to the flow resistance of the second flow path 62. Bigger than.
- the effective cross-sectional area of the second flow path 62 may be larger than the effective cross-sectional area of the first flow path 61.
- a housing inflow portion 101 and a housing outflow portion 102 are provided on the first flow path 61.
- Each of the housing inflow portion 101 and the housing outflow portion 102 is an opening (through hole) provided in the housing 10, and the opening area thereof is the outer wall of the housing 10 forming the second flow path 62. Is smaller than the cross-sectional area (YZ cross section) of the space between the outer wall and the inner wall of the outer casing 63.
- the channel resistance includes elbow loss where energy loss occurs at the part where the channel bends, branching loss as energy loss at the branch, reduction loss where energy loss occurs when the channel shrinks, and channel expansion It is also caused by expansion loss that causes energy loss at the location where it occurs. For this reason, the channel resistance increases as the channel has a large change in the thickness of the bent portion, branch, entrance / exit, or channel.
- the first flow path 61 may have more bends, branches, obstacles, or doorways than the second flow path 62, for example.
- the flow path in the case inflow part 101 and the case 10 is changed.
- the second flow path 62 travels straight between the outside air inflow portion 631 and the outside air outflow portion 632 almost without any bending of the flow path. Accordingly, the channel resistance of the first channel 61 is greater than the channel resistance of the second channel 62.
- the flow path resistance of the first flow path 61 is configured to be larger than the flow path resistance of the second flow path 62, whereby the airflow flowing in the first flow path 61 including the detection area DA is increased.
- the flow rate is limited, and the flow rate becomes slow. Thereby, generation
- the airflow guiding wall 64 is installed in the vicinity of the housing outflow portion 102, and the second gas passing through the second flow path 62 is transferred from the housing outflow portion 102 to the inside of the housing 10. Inflow into In the present embodiment, the airflow guiding wall 64 is in contact with the outer wall of the front surface portion 10 a of the housing 10 that forms the second flow path 62. The airflow guiding wall 64 extends in a predetermined direction parallel to the front surface portion 10 a of the housing 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the airflow guiding wall 64 is formed in an L shape so as to surround the casing outflow portion 102 in a top view.
- one end 641 of both ends in the extending direction is connected to the inner wall of the upper surface portion 63d of the outer casing 63. Further, the other end 642 of both ends in the extending direction of the airflow guiding wall 64 is not connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 63.
- a part of the L-shaped airflow guiding wall 64 intersects the direction in which the second gas flowing through the second flow path 62 flows (specifically, the positive direction of the X axis). Is arranged. Specifically, the airflow guide wall 64 is disposed so as to block the outside air inflow portion 631 side (X axis negative side) from the housing outflow portion 102, and on the outside air outflow portion 632 side (X axis positive side). Not placed. Thereby, the inflow of the second gas into the housing outflow portion 102 can be suppressed, and the first gas flowing out from the housing outflow portion 102 can flow toward the outside air outflow portion 632. With such a configuration, the backflow of the second gas from the end 641 side connected to the inner wall of the upper surface portion 63d of the outer casing 63 to the casing outflow portion 102 can be suppressed.
- the airflow guiding wall 64 can be arranged so that the end 642 not connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 63 faces the outside air outflow portion 632. That is, the extending direction of the end portion 642 of the airflow guiding wall 64 is substantially parallel to the direction from the outside air inflow portion 631 toward the outside air outflow portion 632 (that is, the positive direction of the X axis).
- the air flow guide wall 64 is unlikely to be an obstacle in the second flow path 62, and the flow path resistance of the second flow path 62 can be reduced.
- the auxiliary airflow guiding wall 65 may be installed in the vicinity of the housing inflow portion 101.
- the auxiliary airflow guiding wall 65 is connected to the outer wall of the front surface portion 10 a of the housing 10.
- the auxiliary airflow guiding wall 65 is formed in an L shape so as to surround the housing inflow portion 101 in a top view. Specifically, the auxiliary airflow guiding wall 65 is disposed so as to close the outside air outflow portion 632 side from the housing inflow portion 101 and is not disposed on the outside air inflow portion 631 side.
- the particle detection sensor 1 has an outer casing 63 having at least one outside air inflow portion 631 into which outside air flows and at least one outside air outflow portion 632 from which the outside air flows out. And a housing 10 having a housing inflow portion 101 into which the first gas, which is a part of the outside air, flows and a housing outflow portion 102 through which the inflowing first gas flows out. And in the detection area DA, which is a region where the light projecting area of the light projecting system 120 and the light receiving target area of the light receiving system 130 overlap with each other.
- the light receiving system 130 receives the scattered light of the light from the light projecting system 120 by the particles 3 contained in the first gas, so that the optical system 20 that detects the particles 3, the outside air inflow portion 631, and the outside air outflow portion 632. at least And a blower mechanism 66 disposed in the vicinity of the square.
- the first gas is further attracted to the inside of the housing 10 from the outside air inflow portion 631 through the housing inflow portion 101, passes through the detection area DA, and passes through the housing outflow portion 102.
- first flow path 61 that is a flow path until the discharge from the outflow portion 632 and the second gas that is another part of the outside air are attracted from the outside air inflow portion 631 to the inside of the outer casing 63
- second flow path 62 that is a flow path from the outside of the housing 10 to the outside air outflow portion 632 through the inside of the outer housing 63.
- the channel resistance of the first channel 61 is greater than the channel resistance of the second channel 62.
- the flow resistance of the first flow path 61 is larger than the flow resistance of the second flow path 62, the outside air that has flowed into the outer casing 63 through the outside air inflow portion 631 It will be easier to proceed. Therefore, since the flow velocity of the first gas traveling through the first flow path 61 passing through the detection area DA is suppressed, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of turbulent flow in the vicinity of the detection area DA.
- the particle detection sensor 1 it is possible to suppress the generation of turbulent flow in the detection area DA and suppress the decrease in detection accuracy of the particles 3.
- the length of the second flow path 62 may be shorter than the length of the first flow path 61.
- the flow path resistance of the first flow path 61 can be easily made larger than the flow path resistance of the second flow path 62. Since the internal structure of the housing 10 does not need to be complicated, the particle detection sensor 1 in which a decrease in detection accuracy is suppressed can be realized with a simple configuration.
- the effective cross-sectional area of the second flow path 62 may be larger than the effective cross-sectional area of the first flow path 61.
- the flow path resistance of the first flow path 61 can be easily made larger than the flow path resistance of the second flow path 62. Since the internal structure of the housing 10 does not need to be complicated, the particle detection sensor 1 in which a decrease in detection accuracy is suppressed can be realized with a simple configuration.
- the space between the housing outflow portion 102 and the outside air outflow portion 632 is shared by the first flow path 61 and the second flow path 62, and the second gas is present in the vicinity of the housing outflow section 102.
- the second flow path 62 is formed by the inner wall of the outer casing 63 and the outer wall of the casing 10, and the airflow guiding wall 64 is in contact with the outer wall of the casing 10 and in a predetermined direction.
- One end 641 of both ends may be connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 63, and the other end 642 may be connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 63.
- the airflow guiding wall 64 may be arranged such that the other end 642 faces the outside air outflow portion 632.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a particle detection sensor 1A according to this modification.
- differences from the particle detection sensor 1 according to the above-described embodiment will be described, and other configurations are the same as those of the particle detection sensor 1.
- the particle detection sensor 1A according to the present modification has a direction of the other end 642 that is not connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 63 in the airflow guiding wall 64. And the positional relationship with the outside air outflow portion 632A is different. Specifically, in the particle detection sensor 1A according to the present modification, the position of the outside air outflow portion 632A is different as can be seen by comparing FIG. 6 and FIG.
- the outside air inflow portion 631 is provided at the same position as the particle detection sensor 1 according to the embodiment. That is, the second gas, which is another part of the outside air taken into the outer casing 63, travels along the positive direction of the Y axis from the outside air inflow portion 631 to the outside air outflow portion 632A.
- the other end 642 of the airflow guiding wall 64 that is not connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 63 is different from the outside air outflow portion 632A. It is arranged to go in the direction. That is, the extending direction at the end 642 of the airflow guiding wall 64 is substantially parallel to the X axis, and is not parallel to the traveling direction of the second gas (the positive direction of the Y axis).
- the L-shaped airflow guide wall 64 partially crosses the direction in which the second gas flowing through the second flow path 62 flows (specifically, the positive direction of the X axis).
- the airflow guide wall 64 is arranged so as to block both the outside air inflow portion 631 side (Y axis negative side) and the outside air outflow portion 632 side (X axis negative side) from the housing outflow portion 102. ing.
- the airflow guide wall 64 is not arranged in a direction (positive side of the X axis) different from either the outside air inflow portion 631 side or the outside air outflow portion 632A side.
- the air flow guide wall 64 is arranged so that the other end 642 is directed in a direction different from the outside air outflow portion 632.
- the distance between the housing outflow portion 102 and the outside air outflow portion 632A in the first flow path 61 is increased. Furthermore, the location where the 1st flow path 61 bends increases, As a result, the flow path resistance of the 1st flow path 61 becomes larger. Accordingly, the flow path resistance of the first flow path 61 is larger than the flow path resistance of the second flow path 62, so that the flow rate of the airflow flowing through the first flow path 61 including the detection area DA is limited. The flow rate becomes slow. Therefore, generation
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing two flow paths provided in the particle detection sensor 1B according to the present modification.
- the features that are characteristic of the particle detection sensor 1B are described, and different points from the particle detection sensor 1 according to the above-described embodiment are described.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the particle detection sensor 1.
- the particle detection sensor 1B according to this modification is different in the directional relationship between the airflow inflow direction of the housing inflow portion 101 and the airflow inflow direction of the outside air inflow portion 631.
- the airflow inflow direction is a direction orthogonal to an opening surface corresponding to each of the housing inflow portion 101 and the outside air inflow portion 631 or a through direction of the through hole.
- the structure of the outside air outflow portion 632 and the position of the air blowing mechanism 66 are different.
- the particle detection sensor 1B according to the present modification includes only one outside air inflow portion 631B, similarly to the particle detection sensor 1 according to the embodiment.
- the blower mechanism 66 is installed near the outside air inflow portion 631 ⁇ / b> B and outside the outer casing 63.
- the air blowing mechanism 66 generates an air flow so that the outside air flows toward the inside of the outer casing 63.
- the airflow (outside air) generated by the blower mechanism 66 flows in the air inflow direction parallel to the X axis in the outside air inflow portion 631B.
- the first gas which is a part of the outside air that has flowed in from the outside air inflow portion 631B, flows from the housing inflow portion 101 to the housing 10 as the airflow in the airflow inflow direction parallel to the Z axis. Flows into the interior. That is, the airflow inflow direction of the casing inflow portion 101 (Z-axis negative direction) and the airflow inflow direction of the outside air inflow portion 631 (X-axis positive direction) are orthogonal to each other. Note that the airflow inflow direction of the housing inflow portion 101 and the airflow inflow direction of the outside air inflow portion 631 do not have to be orthogonal to each other, and may intersect at an angle.
- the outside air outflow portion has a first outside air outflow portion 671 and a second outside air outflow portion 672. Further, the first outside air outflow portion 671 and the second outside air outflow portion 672 are formed at different positions of the outer casing 63.
- the first flow path 61B is connected to the first outside air outflow portion 671. That is, the first flow path 61B is a flow path extending from the outside air inflow portion 631 to the first outside air outflow portion 671.
- the detection area DA is located on the first flow path 61B.
- the second flow path 62B is connected to the second outside air outflow portion 672.
- the second flow path 62B is a flow path extending from the outside air inflow portion 631 to the second outside air outflow portion 672.
- the cross-sectional area of the second outside air outflow portion 672 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first outside air outflow portion 671. Furthermore, the effective cross-sectional area of the second flow path 62B is larger than the effective cross-sectional area of the first flow path 61B.
- the airflow inflow direction of the housing inflow portion 101 and the airflow inflow direction of the outside air inflow portion 631B are orthogonal to each other.
- the direction in which the outside air flows into the outer casing 63 and the direction in which the first gas that is a part of the inflowing outside air flows into the casing 10 are different.
- the flow rate of the first gas traveling through the flow path 61B can be slowed. Therefore, generation
- the particle detection sensor 1B includes only one outside air inflow portion 631B.
- the air blowing mechanism 66 is disposed in the vicinity of the outside air inflow portion 631.
- the outside air outflow portion has a first outside air outflow portion 671 and a second outside air outflow portion 672.
- the first flow path 61 is connected to the first outside air outflow portion 671
- the second flow path 62 is connected to the second outside air outflow portion 672.
- the first outside air outflow portion 671 and the second outside air outflow portion 672 may be formed at different positions on the outer casing 63.
- the channel resistance of the first channel 61B becomes larger than the channel resistance of the second channel 62B. Therefore, the flow rate of the airflow flowing through the first flow path 61B including the detection area DA is limited, and the flow velocity can be reduced. Therefore, generation
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating two flow paths included in the particle detection sensor 1C according to the present modification.
- a configuration that is a feature of the particle detection sensor 1C is different from the particle detection sensor 1 according to the above embodiment, and other configurations are the same as those of the particle detection sensor 1.
- the particle detection sensor 1C according to this modification is different from the particle detection sensor 1 according to the embodiment in the structure of the outside air inflow portion 631 and the position of the air blowing mechanism 66.
- the particle detection sensor 1C according to the present modification includes only one outside air outflow portion 632 as in the particle detection sensor 1 according to the embodiment.
- the air blowing mechanism 66 is installed in the vicinity of the outside air outflow portion 632 and outside the outer casing 63.
- the air blowing mechanism 66 generates an air flow so as to attract the outside air that has flowed into the outer casing 63 from the inside of the outer casing 63 toward the air blowing mechanism 66.
- the outside air inflow portion includes a first outside air inflow portion 681 and a second outside air inflow portion 682. Further, the first outside air inflow portion 681 and the second outside air inflow portion 682 are formed at different positions of the outer casing 63.
- the first flow path 61C is connected to the first outside air inflow portion 681. That is, the first channel 61 ⁇ / b> C is a channel extending from the first outside air inflow portion 681 to the outside air outflow portion 632.
- the second flow path 62C is connected to the second outside air inflow portion 682. That is, the second flow path 62 ⁇ / b> C is a flow path from the second outside air inflow portion 682 to the outside air outflow portion 632.
- the particle detection sensor 1C includes only one outside air outflow portion 632.
- the air blowing mechanism 66 is disposed in the vicinity of the outside air outflow portion 632.
- the outside air inflow portion has a first outside air inflow portion 681 and a second outside air inflow portion 682.
- the first flow path 61C is connected to the first outside air inflow portion 681
- the second flow path 62C is connected to the second outside air inflow portion 682.
- the first outside air inflow portion 681 and the second outside air inflow portion 682 are formed at different positions on the outer casing 63.
- the channel resistance of the first channel 61C is larger than the channel resistance of the second channel 62C. Therefore, the flow rate of the airflow flowing through the first flow path 61C including the detection area DA is limited, and the flow velocity can be reduced. Therefore, generation
- the particle detection sensor 1C is provided with the two outside air inflow portions, and thus the air flow guide wall 64 and the auxiliary air flow guide wall 65 may not be provided.
- the housing 10 may be integrally formed by injection molding using a resin material and a mold.
- the optical system 20 has the light projecting system 120 and the light receiving system 130 arranged in the horizontal direction across the detection area DA, but may be arranged in the vertical direction.
- the light projection lens 122 and the light reception lens 132 were shown as a member which condenses the light from the light projection element 121, and a member which condenses light to the light reception element 131, You may use reflection members, such as a condensing mirror.
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Abstract
La présente invention concerne un capteur de détection de particules (1) qui est doté de : un boîtier extérieur (63) qui a une partie entrée d'air (631) et une partie sortie d'air (632) ; un boîtier (10) qui est reçu à l'intérieur du boîtier extérieur (63) et qui a une partie entrée de boîtier (101) par laquelle une partie d'air entre, et une partie sortie de boîtier (102) par laquelle le gaz qui est entré sort ; un système optique (20) qui a un système de projection de lumière (120) et un système de réception de lumière (130) fournis à l'intérieur du boîtier (10), et détecte les particules (3) en recevant, via le système de réception de lumière (130), la lumière émise par le système de projection de lumière (120) et diffusée par les particules (3) dans une zone de détection (DA) ; un mécanisme souffleur (66) disposé à proximité de la partie d'entrée d'air (631) et/ou de la partie de sortie d'air (632) ; un premier passage d'écoulement (61) traversant la zone de détection (DA) à l'intérieur du boîtier (10) ; et un second passage d'écoulement (62) traversant l'intérieur du boîtier extérieur (63) mais à l'extérieur du boîtier (13). La résistance de passage du premier passage d'écoulement (61) est supérieure à la résistance de passage du second passage d'écoulement (62).
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JP2013521473A (ja) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-06-10 | エックストラリス・テクノロジーズ・リミテッド | フィルタバイパス |
JP2015038463A (ja) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-02-26 | シャープ株式会社 | 微粒子測定装置 |
JP2015080777A (ja) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-27 | シャープ株式会社 | 粒子分離装置、及びそれを備えた微粒子測定器 |
JP2015114176A (ja) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-22 | シャープ株式会社 | 粒子測定装置、及び粒子測定方法 |
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FR2844878B1 (fr) * | 2002-09-24 | 2005-08-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede et dispositif de spectroscopie d'emission optique d'un liquide excite par laser |
JP4455032B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-08 | 2010-04-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | 濃度測定装置および濃度測定方法 |
US7658884B2 (en) * | 2005-10-05 | 2010-02-09 | Swan Analytische Instrumente Ag | Photometric method and apparatus for measuring a liquid's turbidity, fluorescence, phosphorescence and/or absorption coefficient |
CN101968441B (zh) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-05-30 | 山东大学 | 一种基于光纤干涉仪的新型气体检测*** |
US9459194B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-10-04 | Cardio Metrix | Apparatuses, processes, and systems for measuring particle size distribution and concentration |
US9829425B2 (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2017-11-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Optofluidic devices and methods for sensing single particles |
CN110274853B (zh) * | 2013-06-03 | 2022-12-06 | 嘉睿特热***有限公司 | 颗粒检测***及相关方法 |
CN205103165U (zh) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | 一种结合涡度相关***观测臭氧通量的装置 |
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JP2013521473A (ja) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-06-10 | エックストラリス・テクノロジーズ・リミテッド | フィルタバイパス |
JP2015038463A (ja) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-02-26 | シャープ株式会社 | 微粒子測定装置 |
JP2015080777A (ja) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-27 | シャープ株式会社 | 粒子分離装置、及びそれを備えた微粒子測定器 |
JP2015114176A (ja) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-22 | シャープ株式会社 | 粒子測定装置、及び粒子測定方法 |
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