WO2017125056A1 - Appareil de détection de passage par zéro et commutateur synchrone - Google Patents

Appareil de détection de passage par zéro et commutateur synchrone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017125056A1
WO2017125056A1 PCT/CN2017/071793 CN2017071793W WO2017125056A1 WO 2017125056 A1 WO2017125056 A1 WO 2017125056A1 CN 2017071793 W CN2017071793 W CN 2017071793W WO 2017125056 A1 WO2017125056 A1 WO 2017125056A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transistor
zero
switch
photocoupler
control unit
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/071793
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭桥石
Original Assignee
广州市金矢电子有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201610116841.8A external-priority patent/CN105610301A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710028718.5A external-priority patent/CN106980039A/zh
Application filed by 广州市金矢电子有限公司 filed Critical 广州市金矢电子有限公司
Publication of WO2017125056A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017125056A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere

Definitions

  • the zero-crossing detecting device and the synchronous switch of the invention belong to the field of electricity, in particular to a zero-crossing detecting device suitable for use as a zero-crossing detection in contactors, relays, and other mechanical switches, and a synchronous switch that does not require a current sensor.
  • a photocoupler is widely used in series with a current limiting resistor to form a zero-crossing detecting device. Since the optocoupler has a large driving current and a large dispersion of the driving current, the current limiting resistor has a large energy consumption and the detecting zero-crossing blind zone is large.
  • the disadvantage in the 220V AC system, generally more than ten volts is not suitable for the detection of the disconnection of the mechanical switch in the synchronous switch.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a zero-crossing detecting device with low energy consumption, low cost, high detection precision, and can be used in a synchronous switch, and a current-free operation, in view of the deficiencies of the conventional zero-crossing detecting device. Synchronous switch with low cost and high precision.
  • a zero-crossing detecting device comprises a semiconductor switch, a first current limiting component, a first photocoupler, a rectifying device and a capacitor, wherein the control end of the semiconductor switch is connected to the signal source to be detected through the first current limiting component
  • the working power source charges the capacitor through the rectifying device, and the capacitor forms a discharge loop through the control end of the first photocoupler and the semiconductor switch, and the first photocoupler outputs a detection signal.
  • a zero-crossing detecting device the semiconductor switch is turned on when detecting that the signal source voltage is greater than zero.
  • a zero-crossing detecting device comprising a transistor, or a Darlington tube, or a Darlington circuit, or a transistor driving transistor circuit.
  • a zero-crossing detection device the working power supply is provided by a transformer output winding.
  • a zero-crossing detecting device is a half-wave detecting circuit.
  • a zero-crossing detecting device comprises a second current limiting component and a voltage stabilizing device.
  • the second current limiting component is connected in series with the rectifying device, the voltage stabilizing device is connected in parallel with the capacitor, or the voltage stabilizing device is connected in parallel with the capacitor through the rectifying device.
  • a zero-crossing detection device in which the operating power is supplied by a neutral line or with another phase line relative to the signal source.
  • a synchronous switch comprising the zero-crossing detecting device, further comprising a control unit and a mechanical switch, wherein the control unit is connected to the mechanical switch, and the control end of the semiconductor switch is connected to the mechanical switch through the first current limiting component Then, the first photocoupler output signal is transmitted to the control unit.
  • control unit adjusts a time parameter for controlling the closing or breaking of the mechanical switch according to the signal output by the first photocoupler.
  • a synchronous switch is connected to a second photocoupler for controlling a discharge loop, and a control end of the second photocoupler is connected to the control unit.
  • a synchronous switch in the closed working process, the control unit provides a second optocoupler control signal, and the control mechanical switch is closed after the discharge circuit is turned on.
  • a synchronous switch further includes a unidirectional thyristor, the unidirectional thyristor is connected in parallel with the mechanical switch, and the control end of the semiconductor switch is connected to the anode of the unidirectional thyristor through the first current limiting element, and the capacitor passes through the trigger pole of the semiconductor switch and the unidirectional thyristor
  • the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor forms a driving circuit
  • the semiconductor switch is used for detecting the conduction time of the unidirectional thyristor
  • the control unit adjusts the time parameter of the mechanical switch according to the conduction time of the unidirectional thyristor.
  • a synchronous switch is connected to a second photocoupler for controlling a discharge loop, and a control end of the second photocoupler is connected to the control unit.
  • a synchronous switch in the closed working process, the control unit first provides a second optocoupler control signal, and the control mechanical switch is closed within a quarter of a cycle after the zero-way conduction of the unidirectional thyristor.
  • a synchronous switch in the working process of the breaking, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to be disconnected, and the one-way thyristor conduction time is less than half a cycle.
  • a synchronous switch the semiconductor switch comprises a first transistor, a second transistor, a diode, the first transistor is a PNP transistor, the second transistor is an NPN transistor, and the base of the second transistor passes through the first current limiting component and the unidirectional thyristor
  • the anode is connected, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the base of the first transistor, and the emitter of the first transistor and the collector of the first transistor are connected in series in the discharge loop
  • the diode is in anti-parallel with the emitter of the second transistor and the base of the second transistor.
  • the zero-crossing detecting device of the invention has the advantages of simple circuit, high detection precision and low cost.
  • the synchronous switch of the present invention using the zero-crossing detecting device of the present invention has the advantages of no current sensor, accurate switching, and high cost performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a zero-crossing detecting device and a synchronous switch of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Darlington circuit of the first embodiment of the zero-crossing detecting device and the synchronous switch of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the zero-crossing detecting device and the synchronous switch of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the third embodiment of the zero-crossing detecting device and the synchronous switch of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the semiconductor switching circuit of the third embodiment of the zero-crossing detecting device and the synchronous switch of the present invention.
  • the first embodiment of the zero-crossing detecting device and the synchronous switch of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 1:
  • a zero-crossing detecting device which is a half-wave detecting circuit, comprising a semiconductor switch Q1, a first photocoupler OPT1, a first current limiting element R1 (resistance), a rectifying device D1 (diode), a capacitor C1, and a semiconductor switch Q1 (Transistor) control terminal
  • the first current limiting component R1 is connected with the signal source to be detected (both K1 of the mechanical switch), and the working power supply (the working power supply is provided by the transformer output winding) charges the capacitor C1 through the rectifying device D1.
  • C1 forms a discharge circuit through the control end of the first photocoupler OPT1 and the semiconductor switch Q1.
  • the first photocoupler OPT1 outputs a detection signal, and the third resistor R3 connected in series to the discharge circuit of the capacitor C1 is used for current limiting, and is selected as needed.
  • FIG. 1 is a transistor Q1, and the fourth resistor R4 and the diode Z3 are connected in parallel with the base and emitter of the transistor Q1.
  • the power consumption of the first current limiting component R1 can also be a Darlington tube, or a Darlington circuit, or a transistor driving transistor circuit.
  • the related circuit is shown in FIG. 2, and the semiconductor switch Q1 detects the two ends of the mechanical switch K1. The voltage is greater than zero and is turned on when the semiconductor switch Q1 is driven.
  • a synchronous switch includes the above-mentioned zero-crossing detecting device, further comprising a control unit (A), a mechanical switch K1, a control unit (A) connected to the mechanical switch K1, and a control end of the semiconductor switch Q1 passing through the first current limiting element R1 Connected to the mechanical switch K1, the first photocoupler OPT1 output signal is transmitted to the control unit (A).
  • the control unit (A) controls the voltage across the mechanical switch K1 to meet the driving voltage direction of the driving semiconductor switch Q1, and the conduction time is less than a quarter of the cycle breaking, the control unit (A) According to the signal outputted by the first photocoupler OPT1, the time parameter for controlling the breaking of the mechanical switch K1 can be adjusted; if the zero-crossing is required, the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 at both ends during the closing operation of the synchronous switch. When the voltage satisfies the direction of driving the semiconductor switch Q1 to turn on the voltage, the control unit (A) can adjust the time parameter for controlling the closing of the mechanical switch K1 according to the signal output by the first photocoupler OPT1.
  • the second embodiment of the zero-crossing detecting device and the synchronous switch of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 3:
  • a zero-crossing detecting device which is a half-wave detecting circuit, comprising a semiconductor switch Q1 and a first current limiting element R1 (resistance), rectifying device D1 (diode), capacitor C1, second current limiting element R2 (resistance), voltage stabilizing device Z1, first photocoupler OPT1, second photocoupler OPT2, semiconductor switch Q1 (transistor The control terminal is connected to the signal source (K1 of the mechanical switch) through the first current limiting component R1, and the working power supply (the working power supply in the figure is provided by the neutral line, or may be made by another relative to the signal source)
  • a phase line provides) a capacitor C1 is charged through the second current limiting element R2 and the rectifying device D1, and the capacitor C1 forms a discharge loop through the control end of the first photocoupler OPT1, the second photocoupler OPT2, and the semiconductor switch Q1.
  • the photocoupler OPT1 outputs a detection signal, and the voltage stabilizing device Z1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1 (the voltage stabilizing device Z1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1 through the rectifying device D1), and the second photocoupler OPT2 is used to control the discharge circuit, which is not limited to and discharged.
  • the circuit is connected in series, and can also be connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor switch Q1.
  • the second photocoupler OPT2 can be omitted, and the third resistor R3 connected in series to the discharge circuit of the capacitor C1 is used for Stream, selected according to need.
  • FIG. 3 is a transistor Q1, and the fourth resistor R4 and the diode Z3 are connected in parallel with the base and emitter of the transistor Q1.
  • the power consumption of the first current limiting component R1 can also be a Darlington tube, or a Darlington circuit, or a transistor driving transistor circuit.
  • the related circuit is shown in FIG. 2, and the semiconductor switch Q1 detects the voltage across the mechanical switch K1. Turns on when it is greater than zero and meets the driving voltage of the semiconductor switch Q1.
  • a synchronous switch includes the above-mentioned zero-crossing detecting device, further comprising a control unit (A), a mechanical switch K1, a control unit (A) connected to the mechanical switch K1, and a control end of the semiconductor switch Q1 passing through the first current limiting element R1 Connected to the mechanical switch K1, the output signal of the first photocoupler OPT1 is transmitted to the control unit (A), and the control end of the second photocoupler OPT2 is connected to the control unit (A).
  • control unit (A) provides a control signal of the second photocoupler OPT2, and the control mechanical switch K1 is closed after the discharge circuit of the capacitor C1 is turned on, and the control unit ( A) The control mechanical switch K1 is closed when the voltages at both ends satisfy the driving voltage direction of the semiconductor switch Q1, and the control unit (A) adjusts the time parameter for controlling the closing of the mechanical switch K1 according to the signal output by the first photocoupler OPT1.
  • control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to meet the driving voltage of the semiconductor switch Q1 at the voltage across the two ends, and the driving time is less than a quarter of the cycle breaking, and then the second photocoupler OPT2 is turned off. Turning on the control signal, the control unit (A) adjusts the time parameter for controlling the breaking of the mechanical switch K1 according to the signal output by the first photocoupler OPT1.
  • the working power supply of the zero-crossing detecting device is not required by the transformer, and the AC power grid where the mechanical switch K1 is located is directly isolated from the power supply, and the driving mode of the first photocoupler OPT1 is driven by the capacitive energy storage device, and the second current limiting component R2 is adopted.
  • the current can be set to about 0.1 mA, set to 0.1 mA.
  • the working voltage is 220V
  • the energy consumption is only 0.022W.
  • the mechanical switch K1 is closed, the semiconductor switch Q1 is cut.
  • the capacitor C1 is in a charging state.
  • the synchronous switch zero-crossing control is required, only the second photocoupler OPT2 for controlling the discharge of the capacitor C1 needs to be added.
  • This embodiment has the advantages of simple circuit, low energy consumption, and low cost. Low advantage.
  • the third embodiment of the zero-crossing detecting device and the synchronous switch of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 4:
  • a zero-crossing detecting device which is a half-wave detecting circuit, comprising a semiconductor switch (B), a first current limiting element R1, a rectifying device D1 (diode), a capacitor C1, a second current limiting element R2, and a voltage stabilizing device Z1
  • the first photocoupler OPT1, the second photocoupler OPT2, and the control end of the semiconductor switch (B) (transistor) are connected to the signal source (both ends of K1 of the mechanical switch) of the desired detection through the first current limiting element R1.
  • the working power supply (the working power supply is provided by the neutral line or the other phase line relative to the signal source) is charged by the second current limiting element R2 and the rectifying device D1 for the capacitor C1, and the capacitor C1 passes the first photoelectric coupling.
  • the control terminal of the OPT1, the second photocoupler OPT2, the semiconductor switch (B), the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 form a discharge loop, and the first photocoupler OPT1 outputs a detection signal, and the voltage regulator device Z1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1 through the rectifying device D1 (the voltage stabilizing device Z1 can also be directly connected in parallel with the capacitor C1), and the second photocoupler OPT2 is used to control the discharge circuit, which is not limited to being connected in series with the discharge circuit, and can also be combined with the semiconductor switch (B). )Control terminal Then, when used in synchronous switch, and does not require over-zero input, second
  • the semiconductor switch (B) As shown in FIG. 5, the semiconductor switch (B) is turned on when detecting that the voltage across the mechanical switch K1 is greater than zero and satisfies the driving voltage of the semiconductor switch (B); the semiconductor switch (B) includes the first transistor Q1, second transistor Q2, diode D2, fifth resistor R5, sixth resistor R6, seventh resistor R7, first transistor Q1 is a PNP transistor, second transistor Q2 is an NPN transistor, and the base of the second transistor Q2
  • the first current limiting element R1 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1
  • the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1
  • the collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q1.
  • the emitter of a transistor Q1 the collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected in series in the discharge loop of the capacitor C1, the diode D2 is in anti-parallel with the emitter of the second transistor Q2, the base of the second transistor Q2, and the fifth resistor R5 is The diode D1 is connected in parallel, and the sixth resistor R6 is respectively connected to the base of the first transistor Q1 and the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and the seventh resistor R7 is connected in series at the base of the first transistor Q1 for current limiting, and the fifth resistor R5, sixth resistor R6 The seventh resistor R7 is selected as needed.
  • a synchronous switch comprising the above-mentioned zero-crossing detecting device, further comprising a control unit (A), a mechanical switch K1, a unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (half-controlled device), a control unit (A) connected to the mechanical switch K1, and a semiconductor
  • the control end of the switch (B) is connected to the mechanical switch K1 through the first current limiting element R1, first
  • the output signal of the optocoupler OPT1 is transmitted to the control unit (A)
  • the control end of the second photocoupler OPT2 is connected to the control unit (A)
  • the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is connected in parallel with the mechanical switch K1, and the control end of the semiconductor switch (B) is passed.
  • the first current limiting element R1 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the capacitor C1 passes through the control end of the first photocoupler OPT1, the second photocoupler OPT2, the semiconductor switch (B), the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the single A driving circuit is formed to the cathode of the thyristor SCR1, the semiconductor switch (B) is for detecting the conduction time of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the control unit (A) adjusts the time parameter of the mechanical switch K1 according to the conduction time of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1.
  • control end of the first photocoupler OPT1 and the second photocoupler OPT2 are not limited to being connected in series with the driving circuit of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, or may be connected in series in the internal circuit of the semiconductor switch (B), such as with a semiconductor switch (B).
  • the 2-pin and 4-pin loops are connected in series.
  • the control unit (A) provides the second optocoupler OPT2 control signal, and controls the mechanical switch K1 after the zero-way conduction of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1.
  • the cycle is closed, and the control unit (A) adjusts the time parameter for controlling the closing of the mechanical switch according to the signal output by the first photocoupler OPT1.
  • the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to satisfy the unidirectional thyristor SCR1.
  • the on-time is less than half a cycle break, and the control unit (A) adjusts the time parameter for controlling the mechanical switch to be broken according to the signal output by the first photocoupler OPT1.
  • the working power supply of the zero-crossing detecting device and the driving energy of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 are not required by the transformer, and the power is directly supplied by the AC power grid where the mechanical switch K1 is located, and the capacitor is used to drive the first photocoupler OPT1 and the one-way.
  • the current through the second current limiting element R2 can be set to about 0.1 mA, such as 0.1 mA, and when the operating voltage is 220 V, the energy consumption is only 0.022 W, when the mechanical switch K1 is closed.
  • the semiconductor switch Q1 is turned off, and the capacitor C1 is in a charging state.
  • the embodiment has the advantages that the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 has short conduction time, strong overload capability, simple circuit, high cost performance and reliability;
  • the second current limiting element R2 When the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 driving energy and the operating power of the zero-crossing detecting device are provided by a transformer-winding, the second current limiting element R2, the voltage stabilizing device Z1, and the second photocoupler OPT2 of the present embodiment may be omitted.
  • the zero-crossing detecting device of the present invention has the advantages of simple circuit, low power consumption, high detection precision, and low cost.
  • the synchronous switch of the invention adopting the zero-crossing detecting device of the invention has a current-demanding sensor, and does not affect the accuracy due to the magnitude of the load current, and has the advantages of accurate switching and high cost performance.

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Abstract

Appareil de détection de passage par zéro et commutateur synchrone, appartenant au domaine de l'électricité, en particulier un appareil de détection de passage par zéro apte à être utilisé dans un contacteur, un relais et les autres commutateurs mécaniques servant à la détection de passage par zéro, et un commutateur synchrone ne nécessitant pas de capteur de courant. L'appareil de détection de passage par zéro comporte un commutateur à semi-conducteur, un premier élément limiteur de courant, un premier photocoupleur, un dispositif de redressement et un condensateur, une extrémité de commande du commutateur à semi-conducteur étant reliée à une source de signal dont la détection est nécessaire via le premier élément limiteur de courant; une alimentation électrique en fonctionnement charge le condensateur à travers le dispositif de redressement; le condensateur forme un circuit de décharge à travers une extrémité de commande du photocoupleur et le commutateur à semi-conducteur; et le premier photocoupleur délivre un signal de détection. La présente invention a les avantages d'un circuit simple, d'une haute précision de détection et de performances élevées par rapport à son coût.
PCT/CN2017/071793 2016-01-24 2017-01-20 Appareil de détection de passage par zéro et commutateur synchrone WO2017125056A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (18)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610070145.8 2016-01-24
CN201610070145 2016-01-24
CN201610116841.8 2016-02-26
CN201610116841.8A CN105610301A (zh) 2015-02-27 2016-02-26 晶闸管触发装置
CN201610133080 2016-03-02
CN201610133080.7 2016-03-02
CN201610176973.X 2016-03-18
CN201610176973 2016-03-18
CN201610316109.5 2016-05-06
CN201610316109 2016-05-06
CN201610392525 2016-05-22
CN201610392525.3 2016-05-22
CN201610403419.0 2016-06-02
CN201610403419 2016-06-02
CN201610583729 2016-07-13
CN201610583729.5 2016-07-13
CN201710028718.5A CN106980039A (zh) 2016-01-24 2017-01-16 过零检测装置及同步开关
CN201710028718.5 2017-01-16

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WO2017125056A1 true WO2017125056A1 (fr) 2017-07-27

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PCT/CN2017/071793 WO2017125056A1 (fr) 2016-01-24 2017-01-20 Appareil de détection de passage par zéro et commutateur synchrone
PCT/CN2017/071795 WO2017125058A1 (fr) 2016-01-24 2017-01-20 Appareil de rétroaction d'extinction d'arc électronique et appareil d'extinction d'arc

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PCT/CN2017/071795 WO2017125058A1 (fr) 2016-01-24 2017-01-20 Appareil de rétroaction d'extinction d'arc électronique et appareil d'extinction d'arc

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WO (2) WO2017125056A1 (fr)

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WO2020057551A1 (fr) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-26 郭桥石 Circuit et appareil d'extinction d'arc
CN112673442A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2021-04-16 郭桥石 灭弧电路及装置
US12014893B2 (en) 2018-09-19 2024-06-18 Qiaoshi Guo Arc-extinguishing circuit with two power supplies and apparatus

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