WO2017118265A1 - 一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置 - Google Patents
一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017118265A1 WO2017118265A1 PCT/CN2016/109697 CN2016109697W WO2017118265A1 WO 2017118265 A1 WO2017118265 A1 WO 2017118265A1 CN 2016109697 W CN2016109697 W CN 2016109697W WO 2017118265 A1 WO2017118265 A1 WO 2017118265A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- traction
- central
- pin
- sleeve
- traction pin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C13/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by their application to special systems or purposes
- B61C13/08—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by their application to special systems or purposes for saddle or like balanced type railways
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B13/00—Other railway systems
- B61B13/04—Monorail systems
- B61B13/06—Saddle or like balanced type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G9/00—Draw-gear
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle manufacturing, and in particular to a central traction device on a straddle monorail train.
- the straddle monorail transportation is a full-line elevated rail transit system that utilizes the space above the ordinary roads, thus effectively alleviating the problem of ground traffic congestion.
- the monorail train due to the special bogie, the monorail train has strong adaptability to steep slopes and sharp bends, and has no strict requirements on terrain.
- monorail trains use electric traction, and there is no exhaust pollution during train operation, which is conducive to protecting the urban environment.
- the central traction device of the monorail bogie mainly bears the traction force and the braking force, and bears the impact of the bogie relative to the vehicle body, and also satisfies the relative motion between the vehicle body and the bogie.
- the central traction device is mainly composed of a frame, a traction pin, a traction beam, a lateral stop, a damper and the like.
- the central traction device of the existing straddle monorail train is connected between the traction beam and the traction pin through the traction pin sleeve for transmitting the longitudinal traction force to meet the relative rotation between the vehicle body and the bogie, and the traction in the prior art
- the pin sleeves are mostly cylindrical structures of upper and lower diameters, which are formed by vulcanization of rubber and metal plates.
- the rubber is subjected to horizontal deformation in the horizontal direction by compressive deformation of the rubber, thereby damping vibration and buffering.
- the vertical load change is achieved by the twisting displacement of the rubber, which greatly reduces the damping and cushioning effect in the vertical direction, and also greatly shortens the service life of the traction pin sleeve.
- the main object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and deficiencies, and to provide a straddle type monorail train central traction device which is simple in structure, strong in processability, and can effectively carry lateral, longitudinal and vertical loads.
- a straddle monorail central traction device includes a traction pin and a traction beam, the center of the traction beam has a center sleeve, and the traction pin is installed in a central sleeve, and the inner cavity of the central sleeve is A beam-shaped structure having a large aperture at the upper and lower ends and a small intermediate aperture forms a double-cone bevel, and an elastic rubber sleeve is disposed between the inner wall of the center sleeve and the traction pin.
- the elastic rubber sleeve comprises two rubber rings, respectively an upper rubber ring and a lower rubber ring, the upper rubber ring is mounted on a tapered inclined surface above the waist, and the lower rubber ring is installed on the waist Conical slope below.
- a stepped structure that converges toward the center is disposed on the outer ring of the traction pin, and the upper rubber ring is caught between the stepped structure of the traction pin and the inner wall of the center sleeve after installation.
- the bottom outer ring of the traction pin has a converging surface that converges toward the center, and the lower rubber ring is caught between the bottom of the traction pin and the inner wall of the center sleeve after installation.
- the central sleeve of the traction beam is a vertically penetrating structure, and a sealing plate and a lower pressing cover are disposed at a bottom of the central sleeve, and the sealing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the traction beam by a bolt.
- the gland is fixedly mounted between the sealing plate and the traction pin.
- the center of the traction pin has a traction pin hole penetrating up and down, a long bolt penetrating through the hole of the traction pin is mounted in the hole of the traction pin, and an annular positioning block is mounted on the top edge of the hole of the traction pin
- the top of the long bolt passes through the positioning block
- the bottom of the long bolt has an external thread
- the center of the lower gland has an internally threaded hole
- the bottom of the long bolt passes between the bottom and the lower gland Threaded connection.
- the bottom of the central sleeve of the traction beam is outwardly recessed, and a ring seal is installed between the outer circumference of the lower gland and the inner wall of the bottom of the central sleeve.
- the upper surface of the lower gland further has a boss structure, and has a concave rotation preventing plane on the outer circumference of the bottom of the traction pin, and the boss structure of the lower gland and the traction pin stop The turning plane cooperates with the rotation.
- the traction device comprises two end plates distributed in the longitudinal direction, two of the end plates are mounted on the outer side of the traction pin, the top of the end plate is fixedly connected with the frame, and the two end plates and the traction beam are There are four traction rubber piles installed between them.
- the drawn rubber pile is composed of five parallel metal plates and four layers of rubber in the middle, and each has a convex positioning and mounting mandrel on the outer surfaces of the outermost two metal plates, two The positioning mounting mandrels are respectively inserted into rubber disposed on the end plate and the traction beam The fixing is achieved in the stack mounting hole.
- the traction device further includes a lifting assembly
- the lifting assembly includes a lifting plate, a lifting baffle and a lifting block
- the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the frame by bolts, and is opened at a center of the lifting plate
- the lifting baffle is composed of two vertical plates and two horizontal plates, and two vertical plates and two horizontal plates are vertically welded and fixed on the upper side of the lifting plate, and the traction pin is located at A lifting block is welded to each of the four corners of the lifting plate in a space surrounded by two vertical plates and two horizontal plates.
- the straddle type monorail train central traction device has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
- the overall structure of the device is simple and compact, which facilitates the connection and separation between the vehicle body and the bogie. Moreover, the cooperation of the traction beam, the elastic rubber sleeve and the traction rubber pile of the waist-shaped structure is not only better in function. The realization of the traction and braking force transmission of the vehicle during operation can better adapt to the change and loading of the vertical and vertical loads, meet the requirements of greater traction and load changes, and greatly improve the stability of the vehicle operation. Comfort.
- the traction device As a whole is fixedly connected with the frame, the traction device can be hoisted as a whole, and the components of the traction device are pre-assembled by the lifting assembly to form a modular structure, and then the overall lifting is simplified, thereby simplifying the traction.
- the connection between the device and the frame facilitates the overall installation and disassembly of the traction device, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency.
- the long beam bolts are used to connect the traction beam and the traction pin.
- the long bolts can be disassembled from the floor, which improves the operation process and environment for lifting and falling off the vehicle, and greatly improves the assembly efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the central traction device of the present invention after being connected to a vehicle body;
- Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the central traction device of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
- Figure 4 is a schematic side view of Figure 2;
- Figure 5 is a half cross-sectional view of Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the mounting structure of the traction pin and the traction beam of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 2;
- Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the B direction of Figure 2;
- Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the traction rubber pile of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a straddle type monorail train central traction device for connecting the vehicle body 1 and the bogie 2 to realize the traction force and the braking force between the vehicle body 1 and the bogie 2 . transfer.
- the bogie 2 includes a frame 3 which is a box-shaped structure welded by a steel plate.
- the frame 3 is provided with air springs 4 on both sides thereof.
- the main air chamber of the air spring 4 is connected to the height adjusting valve 5, and the height adjusting valve 5 is at one end and height.
- the adjusting device 6 is connected, and the height adjusting device 6 controls the opening and closing of the height adjusting valve 5.
- the air spring 4 is preferably a large curved air spring. Because of the large diameter of the air bag, the height of the air spring is high, and the lateral and vertical stiffness are small. With good dynamic properties.
- a traction device 8 is installed in the central hole 7.
- the top of the traction device 8 is fixedly connected with the vehicle body 1, and the bottom of the traction device 8 is elastically connected with the frame 3, thereby realizing the bogie 2 and the vehicle.
- the elastic connection between the bodies 1 can realize the body 1 and the bogie 2
- the lateral, longitudinal and vertical impact loads between the bogie 2 and the vehicle body 3 can be significantly reduced, and the vehicle operation can be improved.
- the dynamic performance of the train improves the smoothness and comfort of the train.
- the traction device 8 comprises a traction pin 9, a traction beam 10, a traction rubber pile 11, an end plate 12 and a lifting assembly 13, the top of the traction pin 9 being fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1, the bottom of the traction pin 9 being inserted into the traction beam 10 and passing
- the traction rubber pile 11 is elastically connected, and the traction beam 10 is connected to the frame 3 via a damper (not shown).
- the traction pin 9 is processed by integral casting, which ensures that the traction pin 9 has sufficient strength and rigidity.
- the top of the traction pin 9 is fixedly connected to the chassis of the vehicle body 1 by ten bolts 14, which not only increases the connection strength between the traction pin 9 and the vehicle body 1, but also reduces the single bolt 14 The degree of force, the extended life of the bolt 14, ensures the safe operation of the vehicle.
- the lifting assembly 13 includes a lifting plate 41, a lifting baffle 42 and a lifting block 43.
- the lifting plate 41 is a stainless steel plate, and the lifting plate 41 is fixedly connected to the frame 3 by 22 bolts 44.
- the strength of the connection between the traction device 8 and the frame 3 is ensured, and the degree of force of the single bolt 44 is also reduced, and the service life of the bolt 44 is prolonged to ensure safe operation of the vehicle.
- a through hole 45 is opened in the center of the hoisting plate 41 for the passage of the tractor pin 9, and other components of the traction device 8 are fixed to the hoisting plate 41.
- the lifting baffle 42 is composed of two vertical plates 42a and two horizontal plates 42b.
- the two vertical plates 42a and the two horizontal plates 42b are vertically welded and fixed above the lifting plate 41, and the two vertical plates 42a and the two horizontal plates 42b Also by welding connection, the traction pin 9 is located in a space surrounded by two vertical plates 42a and two horizontal plates 42b, and the two sides of the vertical plate 42a are also outwardly bent to form a structure with a folded edge to ensure the lifting baffle
- the overall structural strength of the 42 is mounted on the inner side surface of the two transverse plates 42b by a lateral stop (not shown) by means of bolts, and the lateral stop is of rubber construction, facing the intermediate traction pin 9.
- a lifting block 43 is welded to each of the four corners of the lifting plate 41, and the lifting device is inserted into the lifting holes of the four lifting blocks 43, so that the entire traction device 8 can be lifted.
- the lifting assembly 13 fixes the traction device 8 and the frame 3 together, and the lifting device 8 can be lifted and hoisted by lifting the lifting assembly 13.
- the installation and disassembly are very convenient, and the connection manner of the traction beam 10 and the frame 3 is simplified. It is beneficial to improve assembly efficiency and reduce labor intensity.
- the end plates 12 are two and are distributed longitudinally at both ends of the traction pin 9.
- the end plate 12 is made of a stainless steel plate, and the end plate 12 is installed inside the central hole 7 of the frame 3 and is disposed vertically.
- the upper edges of the two end plates 12 are bent inward to form a flange 15 which is hoisted and hoisted.
- the plate 41 is fixedly connected by bolts 16.
- the traction rubber pile 11 is installed between the end plate 12 and the traction beam 10, and the traction rubber pile 11 is extended in the longitudinal direction, and a total of four traction rubbers are disposed between the two end plates 12. Heap 11.
- Each of the end plates 12 on both sides of the slit 17 has a rubber pile mounting hole 18, and two traction rubber piles 11 are mounted between the opposite end end plates 12.
- the traction rubber pile 11 is composed of five parallel metal plates 19 and an intermediate four-layer rubber 20 which are vulcanized together.
- the metal plate 19 is preferably made of a stainless steel plate, which can increase the vertical stiffness and increase the horizontal stiffness.
- one of the positioning mounting mandrels 21 of the traction rubber pile 11 is inserted into the rubber pile mounting hole 18 on the end plate 12, and the other positioning mounting mandrel 21 is inserted into the rubber provided on the traction beam 10.
- the positioning mounting mandrel 21 and the rubber pile mounting hole are fixedly connected by an interference fit.
- the connection mode does not need to be installed by bolts, the installation is simple and convenient, and the positioning can be performed and the bearing can be realized. .
- the vehicle body 1 is elastically coupled to the frame 3 by a longitudinally disposed traction rubber pile 11, and the traction rubber pile 11 has good longitudinal flexibility, large longitudinal compression characteristics and small vertical shear characteristics. It can not only improve the load carrying capacity of the longitudinal load of the vehicle, but also bear a certain vertical load. It can be used for connecting the car body 1 and the bogie 2 to achieve good vibration damping and cushioning, thereby significantly reducing the car body 1 The impact load between the bogie 2 and the bogie 2 improves the comfort of the train.
- a longitudinal stop 49 is also provided on each frame 3, the longitudinal stop 49 being bolted to the frame 3, and the longitudinal stop 49 extending in the direction of the intermediate traction beam 10 for limiting The longitudinal movement distance of the traction beam 10.
- the center of the traction beam 10 has a center sleeve 22, the traction pin 9 is installed in the center sleeve 22, and the traction beam 10 is also integrally cast and processed. Guarantee the overall load bearing strength.
- the inner cavity of the central sleeve 22 has a beam-shaped structure with a large aperture at the upper and lower ends and a small intermediate aperture, forming a double-cone bevel, and an elastic rubber sleeve is disposed between the traction beam 10 and the traction pin 9, and the elastic rubber sleeve can be used with
- the center sleeve 22 has the same waist-shaped structure.
- the structure of the two rubber rings is preferably used, which are an upper rubber ring 23 and a lower rubber ring 24, respectively.
- the upper rubber ring 23 is mounted on a tapered inclined surface above the waist
- the lower rubber ring 24 is mounted on a tapered inclined surface below the waist so that there is an upward or downward relationship between the traction pin 9 and the traction beam 10 Relative movement, the vertical rubber ring 23 and the lower rubber ring 24 can bear the vertical load, realize the two-way buffering action in the vertical direction, and can also achieve the buffering effect in the horizontal direction, and only rely on the upper rubber ring 23 and the lower rubber ring 24
- the compression deformation can withstand the vertical load, which not only provides better vibration damping and cushioning, but also prolongs the service life of the upper rubber ring 23 and the lower rubber ring 24 compared with the prior art.
- the traction device 8 can better adapt to the change and loading of the vertical and vertical loads by the cooperation of the traction beam 10, the upper rubber ring 23, the lower rubber ring 24 and the traction rubber pile 11 of the waist-shaped structure, which greatly improves the load.
- the upper rubber ring 23 and the lower rubber ring 24 have a substantially conical section.
- the outer ring of the traction pin 9 is provided with a step-like structure 25 which converges toward the center.
- the upper rubber ring 23 is caught on the traction pin 9 after installation.
- the stepped structure 25 is between the inner wall of the traction beam 10.
- the outer ring at the bottom of the traction pin 9 also has a conical surface that converges toward the center, and the lower rubber ring 24 is caught between the bottom of the traction pin 9 and the inner wall of the traction beam 10.
- a sealing plate 26 and a lower pressing cover 27 are provided at the bottom of the center sleeve 22 of the traction beam 10.
- the traction beam 10 has a substantially hexagonal cross section, and the sealing plate 26 has a shape of six.
- the ring-shaped annular shape, the sealing plate 26 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the traction beam 10 through six bolts 28, and the anti-loosening wire 48 is also mounted on the bolt 28 to avoid loosening the bolt 28 due to vibration during the running of the vehicle, thereby ensuring driving. installation.
- a lower pressing cover 27 is disposed between the sealing plate 26 and the traction pin 9.
- a rubber pad 29 is disposed between the lower surface of the lower pressing cover 27 and the sealing plate 26.
- the rubber pad 29 serves to cushion and reduce vibration.
- the distance between the closure plate 26 and the traction pin 9 can be adjusted.
- the bottom of the inner sleeve 22 of the traction beam 10 is outwardly recessed, and a sealing ring 47 is disposed between the outer circumference of the lower pressing cover 27 and the bottom of the inner sleeve 22, and the sealing ring 47 not only functions as a seal. At the same time, it also plays the role of buffer damping, and the lower pressing cover 27 also plays a role of limiting the fixing of the lower rubber ring 24.
- the positioning boss 32 cooperates with the central hole of the sealing plate 26 after installation to realize the central positioning of the traction beam 10 and the traction pin 9.
- a drainage hole 46 is provided in the traction beam 10 for discharging rainwater, car wash water, and the like.
- the vertical stop 33 is integrally cast and machined with the traction beam 10, preferably using a large flat structure, which is more convenient for processing.
- the center of the traction pin 9 has a traction pin hole 34 penetrating up and down.
- the top of the traction pin 9 extends outwardly from the mounting base 38.
- the mounting table 38 is fixed to the vehicle body 1 by 10 bolts 14. connection.
- the top edge has an annular positioning block 40.
- a long bolt 35 is inserted into the traction pin hole 34 through the traction pin hole 34.
- the top of the long bolt 35 is fixed to the positioning block 40.
- the bottom of the long bolt 35 has an external thread 36, and the center of the lower pressing cover 27 has an internally threaded hole. 37.
- the bottom of the long bolt 35 is screwedly connected to the lower gland 27, and the traction pin 9 and the traction beam 10 are fixedly connected by the long bolts 35.
- the long bolt 35 not only increases the length, but also can be disassembled from the floor, which improves the operation process and environment for lifting and unloading the car, and is more convenient for disassembly and assembly.
- the flange 15 of the end plate 12 is first fixedly connected to the hoisting plate 41 by bolts 16, and the lateral stop is mounted on the horizontal plate 42b of the hoisting baffle 42.
- the lower rubber ring 24, the lower pressing cover 27, and the sealing ring 47 are installed in the center sleeve 22 of the traction beam 10, and the sealing plate 26 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the traction beam 10 by bolts 28 bolts.
- a rubber pad 29 is placed between the lower surface of the lower gland 27 and the sealing plate 26 in front of the plate 26 to initially assemble the completed traction device 8.
- the top of the traction pin 9 is fixedly coupled to the vehicle body 1 by ten bolts 14.
- the upper rubber ring 23 is fitted over the traction pin 9 from below, so that the upper rubber ring 23 abuts against the stepped structure 25 of the traction pin 9.
- the above-mentioned preliminary assembled traction device 8 is fitted upwardly from the lower side of the traction pin 9 into the traction pin 9, even if the traction pin 9 is inserted from above into the central sleeve 22 of the traction beam 10, so that the lower pressing cover 27 is
- the boss structure 30 cooperates with the stop plane 31 of the traction pin 9.
- the lifting plate 41 is fixedly coupled to the frame 3 by 22 bolts 44.
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Abstract
一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,包括牵引销(9)和牵引梁(10),牵引梁(10)的中心具有一中心套筒(22),牵引销(9)安装在中心套筒(22)内,中心套筒(22)的内腔呈上下两端孔径大、中间孔径小的束腰形结构,形成双锥形斜面,在中心套筒(22)的内壁与牵引销(9)之间设置有弹性橡胶套。本装置整体结构简单紧凑,便于实现车体与转向架的连接与分离,而且通过束腰形结构的牵引梁(10)、弹性橡胶套及牵引橡胶堆(11)的配合,不但在功能上能更好地实现车辆运行时牵引力与制动力的传递,还能更好地适应垂向和纵向上载荷的变化与加载,满足更大的牵引力的要求和载荷变化,极大地提高了车辆运行的平稳性和舒适性。
Description
本申请要求于2016年01月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610004877.7、发明名称为“一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及轨道车辆制造技术领域,特别涉及跨座式单轨列车上的中央牵引装置。
跨座式单轨交通是一种全线高架的轨道交通***,利用的是普通道路之上的空间,因此,可以有效缓解地面交通拥堵的问题。同时,单轨列车由于采用特殊的转向架,对陡坡、急弯适应性强,对地形无严格要求,而且,单轨列车采用的是电力牵引,列车运行中无排气污染,有利于保护城市环境。
单轨列车转向架的中央牵引装置主要承担牵引力和制动力,且承受转向架相对车体的冲击,还要满足车体和转向架之间的相对运动。中央牵引装置主要由构架、牵引销、牵引梁、横向止挡、减振器等构成。现有的跨座式单轨列车的中央牵引装置在牵引梁与牵引销之间通过牵引销套连接,用于传递纵向牵引力,满足车体与转向架之间的相对转动,现有技术中的牵引销套多为上下等直径的圆筒状结构,由橡胶及金属板硫化在一起形成,其通过橡胶在水平方向上的压缩变形承受水平方向上的载荷变化,起到减振和缓冲的作用,但垂向上的载荷变化则通过橡胶的扭转错位实现,大幅减弱了垂向上的减振和缓冲作用,同时也使得牵引销套的使用寿命大幅缩短。
发明内容
本发明主要目的在于解决上述问题和不足,提供一种结构简单,工艺性强,且可有效承载横向、纵向及垂向载荷的跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是:
一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,包括牵引销和牵引梁,所述牵引梁的中心具有一中心套筒,所述牵引销安装在中心套筒内,所述中心套筒的内腔呈上下两端孔径大、中间孔径小的束腰形结构,形成双锥形斜面,在所述中心套筒的内壁与牵引销之间设置有弹性橡胶套。
可选的,所述弹性橡胶套包括两圈橡胶圈,分别为上橡胶圈和下橡胶圈,所述上橡胶圈安装在束腰上方的锥形斜面上,所述下橡胶圈安装在束腰下方的锥形斜面上。
可选的,在所述牵引销的外圈设置有一圈向中心收敛的台阶状结构,所述上橡胶圈在安装后卡在牵引销的台阶状结构与中心套筒的内壁之间。
可选的,所述牵引销的底部外圈具有向中心收敛的锥面,所述下橡胶圈在安装后卡在牵引销的底部与中心套筒的内壁之间。
可选的,所述牵引梁的中心套筒为上下贯通的结构,在所述中心套筒的底部设置有封板和下压盖,所述封板通过螺栓与牵引梁的底部固定连接,所述下压盖固定安装在封板与牵引销之间。
可选的,所述牵引销的中心具有上下贯通的牵引销孔,在所述牵引销孔内安装一个贯穿牵引销孔的长螺栓,在所述牵引销孔的顶边安装有一环形的定位块,所述长螺栓的顶部穿过所述定位块,所述长螺栓的底部具有外螺纹,在所述下压盖的中心具有内螺纹孔,所述长螺栓的底部与下压盖之间通过螺纹固定连接。
可选的,所述牵引梁的中心套筒的底部向外凹陷,所述下压盖的外圆周与中心套筒底部的内壁之间安装有一圈密封圈。
可选的,在所述下压盖的上表面上还具有凸台结构,在牵引销的底部外圆周上具有内凹的止转平面,所述下压盖的凸台结构与牵引销的止转平面相配合止转。
可选的,所述牵引装置包括沿纵向分布的两个端板,两个所述端板安装在牵引销的外侧,端板的顶部与构架固定连接,在两个所述端板与牵引梁之间安装有四个牵引橡胶堆。
可选的,所牵引橡胶堆由五个平行的金属板及中间的四层橡胶硫化在一起组成,在最外侧的两个金属板的外表面上各具有一个凸出的定位安装芯轴,两个所述定位安装芯轴分别***设置在所述端板和牵引梁上的橡胶
堆安装孔内实现固定。
可选的,所述牵引装置还包括提吊组件,所述提吊组件包括吊装板、吊装挡板及提吊块,所述吊装板通过螺栓与构架固定连接,在所述吊装板的中心开有供牵引销穿过的通孔,所述吊装挡板由两个纵板及两个横板组成,两个纵板及两个横板垂直焊接固定在吊装板的上方,所述牵引销位于由两个纵板及两个横板围成的空间内,在所述吊装板的四个角处分别焊接一个提吊块。
综上内容,本发明所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,与现有技术相比,具有如下优点:
(1)该装置整体结构简单紧凑,便于实现车体与转向架上的连接与分离,而且通过束腰形结构的牵引梁、弹性橡胶套及牵引橡胶堆的配合,不但在功能上能更好地实现车辆运行时牵引与制动力的传递,还能更好得适应垂向和纵向上载荷的变化与加载,满足更大的牵引力的要求和载荷变化,极大地提高了车辆运行的平稳性和舒适性。
(2)通过设置提吊组件,将牵引装置作为一个整体与构架固定连接,可实现牵引装置整体起吊,通过提吊组件将牵引装置各部件预先组装形成模块化结构,再整体吊装,简化了牵引装置与构架的连接方式,便于牵引装置的整体安装和拆卸,大幅提高了组装效率。
(3)通过加长的长螺栓连接牵引梁及牵引销,长螺栓可从地板上拆装,改善了抬车落车的操作工序及环境,大幅提高了组装效率。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明中央牵引装置与车体连接后的结构示意图;
图2是本发明中央牵引装置结构示意图;
图3是图2的A-A剖视图;
图4是图2的侧向结构示意图;
图5是图4的半剖结构示意图;
图6是本发明牵引销和牵引梁安装结构示意图;
图7是图2局部放大图;
图8是图2的B向结构示意图;
图9是本发明牵引橡胶堆结构示意图。
其中,如图1至图9中:
车体1,转向架2,构架3,空气弹簧4,高度调整阀5,高度调整装置6,中心孔7,牵引装置8,牵引销9,牵引梁10,牵引橡胶堆11,端板12,提吊组件13,螺栓14,翻边15,螺栓16,切口17,橡胶堆安装孔18,金属板19,橡胶20,定位安装芯轴21,中心套筒22,上橡胶圈23,下橡胶圈24,台阶状结构25,封板26,下压盖27,螺栓28,橡胶垫29,凸台结构30,止转平面31,定位凸台32,垂向止挡33,牵引销孔34,长螺栓35,外螺纹36,内螺纹孔37,安装台38,环形定位台39,定位块40,吊装板41,吊装挡板42,纵板42a,横板42b,提吊块43,螺栓44,通孔45,排水孔46,密封圈47,防松铁丝48,纵向止挡49。
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述:
如图1至图4所示,本发明提供的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,用于连接车体1与转向架2,实现车体1与转向架2之间牵引力和制动力的传递。
转向架2包括一个构架3,构架3为钢板焊接的箱形结构,构架3的两侧设有空气弹簧4,空气弹簧4的主气室与高度调整阀5连接,高度调整阀5一端与高度调整装置6连接,高度调整装置6控制高度调整阀5开闭,本实施例中,空气弹簧4优选采用大曲囊空气弹簧,由于其气囊直径大,空气弹簧高度高,横向和垂向刚度较小,具有良好的动力学性能。
在构架3的中部具有中心孔7,在中心孔7中安装牵引装置8,牵引装置8的顶部与车体1固定连接,牵引装置8的底部与构架3弹性连接,进而实现转向架2与车体1之间的弹性连接,除能实现车体1与转向架2之
间纵向(为沿跨座列车行驶方向延伸的方向)的牵引力和制动力的传递以外,还能显著减小转向架2与车体3之间横向、纵向及垂向的冲击载荷,改善车辆运行的动力学性能,从而提高列车运行的平稳性和舒适性。
牵引装置8包括牵引销9、牵引梁10、牵引橡胶堆11、端板12及提吊组件13,牵引销9的顶部与车体1固定连接,牵引销9的底部***牵引梁10中并通过牵引橡胶堆11实现弹性连接,牵引梁10再通过减振器(图中未示出)与构架3连接。
其中,牵引销9采用整体铸造后加工而成,保证了牵引销9具有足够的强度和刚度。本实施例中,优选牵引销9的顶部通过十个螺栓14与车体1的底架固定连接,不但增加了牵引销9与车体1之间的连接强度,同时也减小了单个螺栓14的受力程度,延长的螺栓14的使用寿命,保证车辆运行安全。
如图2至图4所示,提吊组件13包括吊装板41、吊装挡板42及提吊块43,吊装板41为一块不锈钢板,吊装板41通过22个螺栓44与构架3固定连接,保证牵引装置8与构架3之间的连接强度,同时也减小了单个螺栓44的受力程度,延长的螺栓44的使用寿命,保证车辆运行安全。在吊装板41的中心开有通孔45,供牵引销9穿过,牵引装置8的其它部件均固定在吊装板41上。
吊装挡板42由两个纵板42a及两个横板42b组成,两个纵板42a及两个横板42b垂直焊接固定在吊装板41的上方,两个纵板42a及两个横板42b也通过焊接连接,牵引销9位于由两个纵板42a及两个横板42b围成的空间内,纵板42a的两侧还分别向外折弯形成具有折边的结构,保证吊装挡板42的整体结构强度,在两个横板42b的内侧表面上通过螺栓分别安装一个横向止挡(图中未示出),横向止挡采用橡胶结构,朝向中间的牵引销9。在吊装板41的四个角处分别焊接一个提吊块43,提吊设备***四个提吊块43的提吊孔中,即可将整个牵引装置8起吊。
提吊组件13将牵引装置8与构架3固定连接在一起,而且通过吊装提吊组件13,可以整体提吊牵引装置8,安装拆卸均非常方便,简化了牵引梁10与构架3的连接方式,有利于提高组装效率,降低劳动强度。
如图1和图4所示,端板12为两个,沿纵向分布在牵引销9的两端,
端板12采用不锈钢板,端板12安装在构架3的中心孔7的内部并沿垂向设置,两端板12的上边缘均向内侧弯折形成翻边15,该翻边15与吊装板41通过螺栓16固定连接。如图2所示,在每个端板12上具有一个切口17,牵引梁10安装在切口17内。
如图1至图6所示,牵引橡胶堆11安装在端板12与牵引梁10之间,牵引橡胶堆11沿纵向延伸设置,并在两个端板12之间共设置有四个牵引橡胶堆11。在切口17两侧的端板12上各具有一个橡胶堆安装孔18,在相对面的两端端板12之间安装有两个牵引橡胶堆11。
如图9所示,牵引橡胶堆11由五个平行的金属板19及中间的四层橡胶20硫化在一起组成,金属板19优选采用不锈钢板,既能增加垂向刚度,也通过增加水平刚度,在最外侧的两个金属板19的外表面上各具有一个凸出的定位安装芯轴21。如图2和图5所示,牵引橡胶堆11的其中一个定位安装芯轴21***端板12上的橡胶堆安装孔18内,另一个定位安装芯轴21***设置在牵引梁10上的橡胶堆安装孔(图中未标示)内,定位安装芯轴21与橡胶堆安装孔通过过盈配合固定连接,该连接方式不需要通过螺栓安装,安装简单方便,而且既能定位,又能实现承载。
本实施例中,通过纵向设置的牵引橡胶堆11将车体1与构架3弹性连接,牵引橡胶堆11具有很好地纵向挠性、较大的纵向压缩特性和较小的垂向剪切特性,不仅能提高车辆纵向载荷的承载能力,还能承受一定的垂向载荷,用于连接车体1和转向架2时能起到很好的减振和缓冲作用,从而显著减小车体1与转向架2之间的冲击载荷,提高列车运行的舒适性。
如图1所示,在每个构架3上还设置有纵向止挡49,纵向止挡49通过螺栓安装在构架3上,纵向止挡49朝向中间的牵引梁10的方向伸出,用于限制牵引梁10的纵向移动距离。
如图5和图6所示,本实施例中,牵引梁10的中心具有一中心套筒22,牵引销9安装在中心套筒22内,牵引梁10也为整体铸造后加工而成,以保证其整体承载强度。中心套筒22的内腔呈上下两端孔径大、中间孔径小的束腰形结构,形成双锥形斜面,在牵引梁10与牵引销9之间设置弹性橡胶套,弹性橡胶套可以采用与中心套筒22形状相同的束腰形结构,本实施例则优选采用两圈橡胶圈的结构,分别为上橡胶圈23和下橡胶圈24,
上橡胶圈23安装在束腰上方的锥形斜面上,下橡胶圈24安装在束腰下方的锥形斜面上,这样,在牵引销9与牵引梁10之间无论是产生向上或向下的相对移动,都可以通过上橡胶圈23和下橡胶圈24承受垂向载荷,在垂向方向上实现双向缓冲作用,水平方向也能实现缓冲作用,而且仅依靠上橡胶圈23和下橡胶圈24的压缩变形即可承受垂向载荷,不但起到较好的减振和缓冲作用,与现有技术相比还能延长上橡胶圈23和下橡胶圈24的使用寿命。该牵引装置8通过束腰形结构的牵引梁10、上橡胶圈23、下橡胶圈24及牵引橡胶堆11的配合,能更好得适应垂向和纵向上载荷的变化与加载,极大地提高了车辆运行的平稳性和舒适性。
上橡胶圈23和下橡胶圈24的断面也大致呈锥形结构,在牵引销9的外圈设置有一圈向中心收敛的台阶状结构25,上橡胶圈23在安装后卡在牵引销9的台阶状结构25与牵引梁10的内壁之间。在牵引销9的底部外圈也具有向中心收敛的锥面,下橡胶圈24卡在牵引销9的底部与牵引梁10的内壁之间。
在牵引梁10的中心套筒22的底部设置有封板26和下压盖27,如图7和图8所示,牵引梁10横断面大致为六边形,封板26的形状也为六边形的环状,封板26通过六个螺栓28与牵引梁10的底部固定连接,在螺栓28上还安装有防松铁丝48,避免在车辆运行过程中由于振动使螺栓28松动,保证行车安装。在封板26与牵引销9之间安装有下压盖27,下压盖27的下表面与封板26之间设置一圈橡胶垫29,橡胶垫29起到缓冲减振的作用,同时也可以调节封板26与牵引销9之间的距离。在牵引梁10的中心套筒22内腔的底部向外凹陷,下压盖27的外圆周与中心套筒22内腔底部之间设置有一圈密封圈47,密封圈47不但起到密封的作用,同时也起到缓冲减振的作用,下压盖27还同时对下橡胶圈24起到限位固定的作用。在下压盖27的上表面上还具有凸台结构30,在牵引销9的底部9具有内凹的止转平面31,下压盖27的凸台结构30与牵引销9的止转平面31相配合,起到止转的作用。
在下压盖27的下表面上具有向下凸出的定位凸台32,定位凸台32在安装后与封板26的中心孔相配合,实现牵引梁10、牵引销9的中心定位。
由于牵引销9与牵引梁10之间通过上橡胶圈23密封连接,因此,本
实施例在牵引梁10上设置有排水孔46,用于排出雨水、洗车水等。
如图2和图5所示,在牵引梁10上具有垂向止挡33,垂向止挡33的上表面与端板12切口17的顶部之间为垂向止挡的限制距离,本实施例中垂向止挡33与牵引梁10一体铸造加工而成,优选采用大平面结构,更便于加工。
如图5和图6所示,牵引销9的中心具有上下贯通的牵引销孔34,牵引销9的顶部向外圆周延伸出安装台38,安装台38通过10个螺栓14与车体1固定连接。在牵引销9的顶部还具有向上凸出的环形定位台39,环形定位台39包围在牵引销孔34的***,环形定位台39***车体1底部的安装孔内,在牵引销孔34的顶边具有环形的定位块40。在牵引销孔34内安装一个贯穿牵引销孔34的长螺栓35,长螺栓35的顶部固定在定位块40上,长螺栓35的底部具有外螺纹36,在下压盖27的中心具有内螺纹孔37,长螺栓35的底部与下压盖27螺纹固定连接,牵引销9和牵引梁10通过长螺栓35固定连接在一起。长螺栓35不但增加了长度,还可以从地板上拆装,改善了抬车落车的操作工序及环境,更便于拆装。
下面详细描述该牵引装置8的组装过程:
1、先将端板12的翻边15与吊装板41通过螺栓16固定连接,将横向止挡安装在吊装挡板42的横板42b上。
2、将四个牵引橡胶堆11安装在端板12和牵引梁10之间。
3、将下橡胶圈24、下压盖27、密封圈47安装在牵引梁10的中心套筒22内,利用螺栓六个螺栓28将封板26与牵引梁10的底部固定连接,在安装封板26前在下压盖27的下表面与封板26之间安装一圈橡胶垫29,初步组装完成的牵引装置8。
4、通过十个螺栓14将牵引销9的顶部与车体1固定连接。
5、将上橡胶圈23从下方套入牵引销9上,使上橡胶圈23抵靠在牵引销9的台阶状结构25处。
6、将上述初步组装完成的牵引装置8从牵引销9的下方向上套入牵引销9上,即使牵引销9从上向下***牵引梁10的中心套筒22内,使下压盖27的凸台结构30与牵引销9的止转平面31相配合。
7、将吊装板41通过22个螺栓44与构架3固定连接在一起。
8、将长螺栓35从地板上向下***牵引销9的牵引销孔34内,使长螺栓35底部的外螺纹与下压盖27的内螺纹37旋紧固定,完成牵引装置8与车体1之间的组装。
如上所述,结合附图所给出的方案内容,可以衍生出类似的技术方案。但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (11)
- 一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,包括牵引销和牵引梁,所述牵引梁的中心具有一中心套筒,所述牵引销安装在中心套筒内,其特征在于:所述中心套筒的内腔呈上下两端孔径大、中间孔径小的束腰形结构,形成双锥形斜面,在所述中心套筒的内壁与牵引销之间设置有弹性橡胶套。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:所述弹性橡胶套包括两圈橡胶圈,分别为上橡胶圈和下橡胶圈,所述上橡胶圈安装在束腰上方的锥形斜面上,所述下橡胶圈安装在束腰下方的锥形斜面上。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:在所述牵引销的外圈设置有一圈向中心收敛的台阶状结构,所述上橡胶圈在安装后卡在牵引销的台阶状结构与中心套筒的内壁之间。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:所述牵引销的底部外圈具有向中心收敛的锥面,所述下橡胶圈在安装后卡在牵引销的底部与中心套筒的内壁之间。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:所述牵引梁的中心套筒为上下贯通的结构,在所述中心套筒的底部设置有封板和下压盖,所述封板通过螺栓与牵引梁的底部固定连接,所述下压盖固定安装在封板与牵引销之间。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:所述牵引销的中心具有上下贯通的牵引销孔,在所述牵引销孔内安装一个贯穿牵引销孔的长螺栓,在所述牵引销孔的顶边安装有一环形的定位块,所述长螺栓的顶部穿过所述定位块,所述长螺栓的底部具有外螺纹,在所述下压盖的中心具有内螺纹孔,所述长螺栓的底部与下压盖之间通过螺纹固定连接。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:所述牵引梁的中心套筒的底部向外凹陷,所述下压盖的外圆周与中心套筒底部的内壁之间安装有一圈密封圈。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征 在于:在所述下压盖的上表面上还具有凸台结构,在牵引销的底部外圆周上具有内凹的止转平面,所述下压盖的凸台结构与牵引销的止转平面相配合止转。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:所述牵引装置还包括沿纵向分布的两个端板,两个所述端板安装在牵引销的外侧,端板的顶部与构架固定连接,在两个所述端板与牵引梁之间安装有四个牵引橡胶堆。
- 根据权利要求9所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:所牵引橡胶堆由五个平行的金属板及中间的四层橡胶硫化在一起组成,在最外侧的两个金属板的外表面上各具有一个凸出的定位安装芯轴,两个所述定位安装芯轴分别***设置在所述端板和牵引梁上的橡胶堆安装孔内实现固定。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种跨座式单轨列车中央牵引装置,其特征在于:所述牵引装置还包括提吊组件,所述提吊组件包括吊装板、吊装挡板及提吊块,所述吊装板通过螺栓与构架固定连接,在所述吊装板的中心开有供牵引销穿过的通孔,所述吊装挡板由两个纵板及两个横板组成,两个纵板及两个横板垂直焊接固定在吊装板的上方,所述牵引销位于由两个纵板及两个横板围成的空间内,在所述吊装板的四个角处分别焊接一个提吊块。
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