WO2016197612A1 - 一种agv载车板交换汽车搬运机器人 - Google Patents

一种agv载车板交换汽车搬运机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016197612A1
WO2016197612A1 PCT/CN2016/071396 CN2016071396W WO2016197612A1 WO 2016197612 A1 WO2016197612 A1 WO 2016197612A1 CN 2016071396 W CN2016071396 W CN 2016071396W WO 2016197612 A1 WO2016197612 A1 WO 2016197612A1
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Prior art keywords
module
car
handling robot
lifting
agv
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PCT/CN2016/071396
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴昊
蔡颖杰
王谦
李�杰
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深圳怡丰机器人科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2016197612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016197612A1/zh

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/42Devices or arrangements peculiar to garages, not covered elsewhere, e.g. securing devices, safety devices, monitoring and operating schemes; centering devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle handling device, and more particularly to an AGV carrier plate exchange car handling robot
  • the existing fully automated vertical parking garages mainly include plane moving type, roadway stacking type, and vertical lifting type. Their working principle is simply that there is one or more handling equipment that can lift the car from the bottom of the car and carry it to the elevator. The lift then transports the handling equipment along with the car to different parking layers, and then carries it. The equipment transports the car to the designated parking space.
  • Car-mounted car handling is a widely used car handling method in a three-dimensional garage. This type of handling works as follows: the car is parked on the load board, and the transport unit places the car along with the load board in the parking position.
  • the existing car-mounted vehicle handling equipment requires laying a walking track and connecting a power supply cable, and the handling equipment can only achieve forward or reverse walking, which results in extremely low handling efficiency, high failure rate, and difficulty in realizing the garage. High-efficiency access to the car does not reflect the true sense of smart parking.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an AGV car board car handling robot for the deficiencies of the prior art, which can independently guide and freely travel the route, save space, access the car fast, performance safety, and maintenance. Simple.
  • the AGV carrier-board exchange vehicle handling robot includes a frame body, a board lifting mechanism mounted in the frame body, a traveling drive mechanism and a control system installed beside the board lifting mechanism,
  • the loading plate lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate and a lifting drive device installed at both ends of the frame body. More preferred
  • the lifting drive device is a hydraulic drive mechanism or a screw lift or a scissor lift or an electric push rod, wherein the hydraulic drive mechanism includes a lift guide column connected to the hydraulic pump and the lift plate.
  • the handling robot further comprises a navigation device, a power supply device and a safety detection device
  • the power supply device comprises a battery installed in the body of the frame and a charging interface electrically connected to the battery.
  • the navigation device can include a laser navigation module or an electromagnetic navigation module or a magnetic nail navigation module or an inertial navigation module.
  • the safety detecting device may include a laser anti-collision module or a mechanical anti-collision module or an infrared anti-collision module or an ultrasonic anti-collision module mounted on the edge of the frame body.
  • control system is composed of a main controller and a walking module, a lifting module, a guiding positioning module, a safety module, a power supply and a charging management module, a communication module, and a human-machine interaction device electrically connected to the main controller.
  • the vehicle board is further included, and the vehicle board is composed of a board surface and a column leg, and a load beam is installed at the center of the board surface.
  • the plate surface is preferably a pattern steel plate.
  • the upper end of the column foot may be an inwardly recessed leg insertion hole, and the bottom end of the column foot may be a stud pin with a protrusion.
  • An AGV carrier-board exchange car handling robot embodying the present invention has the following beneficial effects: [0015] The handling robot can realize autonomous guidance and free driving route under the guidance of the parking lot control system, thereby saving With the parking space, it is safe and fast to access the car, easy to maintain, and realize intelligent parking in the true sense.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective structural view of the handling robot of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control system of the handling robot of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the in-situ turning of the handling robot of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective structural view of the vehicle loading plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a front elevational view of the carriage plate of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional garage to which the handling robot of the present invention is applied.
  • a loading plate 1 a plate surface 11, a column foot 12, a column insertion hole 121, a column pin 122, a handling robot 2, a frame body 21, a lifting plate 22, a lifting guide column 23, a hydraulic pump 24, the battery 25, the charging mechanism 26, Drive wheel set 27, control system 28.
  • the vehicle-board exchange vehicle handling robot 2 includes a frame body 21, a board lifting mechanism mounted in the frame body 21, and a traveling drive mechanism mounted beside the board lifting mechanism.
  • the control system 28, the power supply device preferably also includes a navigation device, a security detection device, and the like.
  • the loading plate lifting mechanism of the handling robot includes a lifting plate 22 and a hydraulic driving mechanism installed at both ends of the frame body, wherein the hydraulic driving mechanism can also be replaced by a screw elevator or a scissors differential elevator or an electric push rod, and the hydraulic driving mechanism includes A lifting guide column 23 connected to the hydraulic pump 24 and the lifting plate 22.
  • the navigation device of the handling robot comprises a laser navigation module (not shown) installed at a corner of the frame body, and the module may also be a magnetic nail navigation module or an electromagnetic navigation module or an inertial navigation module, especially a gyroscope .
  • the principle of the laser navigation module is: a plurality of artificial markings (such as reflective stickers) are placed in the space in which the robot moves, and the laser navigation module is measured by the laser beam emitted and reflected back during the walking of the robot. The distance and angle of each reflective marker are then geometrically calculated to derive their position information for position navigation.
  • a plurality of artificial markings such as reflective stickers
  • the power supply device of the transport robot includes a battery 25 mounted in the body of the frame and a charging mechanism 26 electrically connected to the battery.
  • the charging interface of the charging mechanism connected to the external power source is located on the bottom surface of the frame body to realize the handling robot. The charging position on the parking garage of the stereo garage is automatically charged.
  • the charging process of the power supply device is divided into two types: one is a fast charging mode: when the handling robot detects that its own voltage is insufficient, it goes to the charging area, and is quickly filled with high current, and the handling robot leaves the charging area; It is a shallow charging mode: The handling robot charges to the rest area every time, regardless of the voltage level, reaching the charging point.
  • the safety detecting device of the handling robot includes a laser anti-collision module (not shown) mounted on an edge of the body of the frame, and the module may also be a mechanical anti-collision module or an infrared anti-collision module or an ultrasonic anti-collision module. Scan and identify objects in the four directions of the front and rear of the transport robot.
  • the working principle of the laser anti-collision module is as follows: The laser anti-collision module emits a laser beam to illuminate surrounding objects, The reflected light of the laser beam is detected to identify the presence or absence of an obstacle, and a signal is fed back to the control system to cause the control system to issue commands to control the travel and stop of the robot.
  • the travel drive mechanism of the transport robot includes drive wheels, preferably four drive wheel sets 27.
  • the control system 28 of the transport robot is composed of a main controller and a walking module, a lifting module, a guiding positioning module, a safety module, a power supply and a charging management module, and a communication module electrically connected to the main controller.
  • Human-computer interaction device Human-computer interaction device.
  • the walking module includes four differential modules, respectively controlling four driving wheel sets; the lifting module is used for controlling the lifting mechanism of the loading plate; and the guiding positioning module is used for guiding and positioning the traveling path of the handling robot;
  • the safety module is used to prevent the collision of the handling robot from collision with surrounding objects during transportation;
  • the communication module is used to carry the robot to communicate wirelessly with the outside;
  • the human-machine interaction device is used to set the parameters of the handling robot and display the operation of the handling robot. status.
  • the upper system sends the task table/walking segment table through the wireless network, the radio station, etc., and the communication module monitors the data and stores it in the segment table queue.
  • the AGV takes the segment table parameters, point information, and operation code information from the segment table queue to realize speed generation, destination point determination, and handling operation code command output.
  • the main controller implements the position calculation.
  • the principle is as follows: The position estimation is accurately estimated and calculated by using two position calculators.
  • the main position calculator uses the dead reckoning algorithm, based on the last position information and encoder information (speed coding).
  • the angular orientation of the A GV is calculated by the kinematic model of the vehicle and the body.
  • the auxiliary position calculator obtains the real position based on information such as the laser head/magnetic point sensor of the navigation device.
  • the main controller converts the speed information into an electrical signal, sends it to the steering servo driver of the walking module and drives the servo driver, and the servo controller controls the motor to complete the walking.
  • a carrier board 1 for carrying a vehicle is shown therein.
  • the loading plate is composed of a plate surface 11 and a column foot 12, and a load beam is installed at the center of the plate surface, and the plate surface is a pattern steel plate.
  • the upper end of the column foot is provided with an inwardly recessed leg insertion hole 121, and the bottom end of the column foot is provided with a column post pin 122 with a protrusion.
  • the transport robot carrying the vehicle can perform front, rear, left, right, and in-situ steering operations under the guidance of the navigation system, according to certain rules. Cars are transported to idle parking spaces. There is also an automatic charging position in the parking floor. When there is no work task in the car, it can automatically go to the charging position to replenish the battery.
  • the storage process When the car is parked on the loading plate at the palletizing machine position, the palletizing machine lifts the loading plate up a level of the platen, and the handling robot drives into the bottom of the loading plate and The carrier board is lifted and the handling robot carries the carrier board and the car to the planned parking area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人,包括车架主体(21)、安装于车架主体(21)内的载车板升降机构、安装于载车板升降机构旁的行走驱动机构、控制***(28)、导航装置、供电装置和安全检测装置,载车板升降机构包括安装于车架主体(21)两端的升降板(22)和升降驱动装置。该搬运机器人搬运效率高,***故障低,能实现智能停车。

Description

说明书 发明名称:一种 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种汽车搬运设备, 尤其涉及一种 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人
, 适用于汽车搬运的技术领域。
[0002]
[0003] 背景技术
[0004] 随着汽车的迅速普及与发展, 城市停车位供应严重不足, 停车位的需求越来越 大, 传统的停车方式逐渐向智能机械化立体停车方式发展。 现有的全自动化立 体停车库主要有平面移动类, 巷道堆垛类, 垂直升降类。 它们的工作原理简单 来说就是, 有一台或多台搬运设备, 可以从汽车底部把汽车抬升起来搬运, 然 后一起移动到升降机上, 升降机再把搬运设备连同汽车运往不同的停车层, 再 由搬运设备把汽车送入指定的停车位。
[0005] 载车板式汽车搬运是立体车库中应用较为广泛的一种汽车搬运方式。 这种搬运 工作方式为:汽车停放在载车板上, 传送装置把汽车与载车板一同放在停车位置 上。 然而, 现有的载车板式汽车搬运设备多需要铺设行走轨道及连接供电电缆 , 且搬运设备只能实现前进或后退行走, 这就造成了搬运效率极低, 故障率较 高, 难以实现车库的高效率存取车, 体现不了真正意义上的智能停车。
[0006]
[0007] 发明内容
[0008] 本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足而提供一种 AGV载车板汽车搬运机器人 , 该搬运机器人能自主导引、 自由行驶路线, 节省空间、 存取车快、 性能安全 、 维护简便。
[0009] 为达到上述目的, 本发明采用以下技术方案实现的:
[0010] 根据本发明的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 包括车架主体、 安装于车架主 体内的载车板升降机构、 安装于载车板升降机构旁的行走驱动机构和控制*** , 载车板升降机构包括安装于车架主体两端的升降板和升降驱动装置。 更优选 地, 升降驱动装置为液压驱动机构或螺旋升降机或剪刀差升降机或电动推杆, 其中, 液压驱动机构包括与液压泵及升降板连接的升降导柱。
[0011] 优选地, 搬运机器人还包括导航装置、 供电装置和安全检测装置, 供电装置包 括安装于车架主体内的蓄电池及与蓄电池电连接的充电接口。 导航装置可以包 括激光导航模块或电磁导航模块或磁钉导航模块或惯性导航模块。 安全检测装 置可以包括安装于车架主体边缘的激光防撞模块或机械防撞模块或红外防撞模 块或超声波防撞模块。
[0012] 优选地, 控制***由主控制器及与主控制器电连接的行走模块、 升降模块、 引 导定位模块、 安全模块、 电源和充电管理模块、 通信模块、 人机交互装置组成
[0013] 优选地, 还可以包括载车板, 载车板由板面及柱脚构成, 板面的中央安装有载 力横梁。 板面优选为花纹钢板。 柱脚上端可以为向内凹进的柱脚插孔, 柱脚底 端可以为带有凸起的柱脚插销。
[0014] 实施本发明的一种 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 具有以下有益效果: [0015] 本搬运机器人能在停车场控制***的导引下实现自主导引、 自由行驶路线, 既 节省了停车场空间, 又能安全、 快速的存取车, 维护简便, 实现真正意义上的 智能停车。
[0016]
[0017] 附图说明
[0018] 图 1是本发明所述搬运机器人的立体结构图;
[0019] 图 2是本发明所述搬运机器人的仰视图;
[0020] 图 3是本发明所述搬运机器人的控制***原理图。
[0021] 图 4是本发明所述搬运机器人原地转向示意图;
[0022] 图 5是本发明所述载车板的立体结构图;
[0023] 图 6是本发明所述载车板的正视图;
[0024] 图 7是应用本发明所述搬运机器人的立体车库的示意图。
[0025] 图中: 载车板 1、 板面 11、 柱脚 12、 柱脚插孔 121、 柱脚插销 122、 搬运机器人 2 、 车架主体 21、 升降板 22、 升降导柱 23、 液压泵 24、 蓄电池 25、 充电机构 26、 驱动轮组 27、 控制*** 28。
[0026]
[0027] 具体实施方式
[0028] 以下结合附图对本发明实施例做进一步详述:
[0029] 如图 1所示, 该载车板交换汽车搬运机器人 2包括车架主体 21、 安装于车架主体 21内的载车板升降机构、 安装于载车板升降机构旁的行走驱动机构、 控制*** 2 8、 供电装置, 优选地还可以包括导航装置、 安全检测装置等。
[0030] 该搬运机器人的载车板升降机构包括安装于车架主体两端的升降板 22和液压驱 动机构, 其中液压驱动机构也可替换为螺旋升降机或剪刀差升降机或电动推杆 , 液压驱动机构包括与液压泵 24及升降板 22连接的升降导柱 23。
[0031] 该搬运机器人的导航装置包括安装于车架主体一角的激光导航模块 (图中未示 出) , 此模块也可为磁钉导航模块或电磁导航模块或惯性导航模块, 尤其是陀 螺仪。
[0032] 激光导航模块的原理为: 在搬运机器人运动的空间中放置有多个人工标记 (如 反射胶贴) , 机器人在行走过程中, 其激光导航模块通过发射及反射回的激光 光束来测量各个反射标记的距离和角度, 然后通过几何计算得出自身的位置信 息, 从而进行位置导航。
[0033] 该搬运机器人的供电装置包括安装于车架主体内的蓄电池 25及与蓄电池电连接 的充电机构 26, 充电机构与外部电源连接的充电接口位于车架主体的底面上, 实现搬运机器人在立体车库停车层上的充电位上自动充电。
[0034] 供电装置的充电流程分为两种: 一种是快速充电模式: 当搬运机器人检测到自 身电压不足吋, 行至充电区, 以高电流快速充满, 搬运机器人离幵充电区; 一 种是浅充浅放模式: 搬运机器人每次到休息区充电, 不论电压高低都到达充电 点。
[0035] 该搬运机器人的安全检测装置包括安装于车架主体边缘的激光防撞模块 (图中 未示出) , 此模块也可为机械防撞模块或红外防撞模块或超声波防撞模块, 对 搬运机器人前后左右四个方向上的物体进行扫描、 识别。
[0036] 激光防撞模块的工作原理为: 激光防撞模块发射激光束, 照射周围的物体, 通 过探测激光束的反射光来识别障碍物的有无, 并向控制***反馈信号, 以便控 制***发出指令, 控制机器人的行进及停止。
[0037] 如图 2所示, 该搬运机器人的行走驱动机构包括驱动轮, 优选地为 4个驱动轮组 27。
[0038] 如图 3所示, 该搬运机器人的控制*** 28由主控制器及与主控制器电连接的行 走模块、 升降模块、 引导定位模块、 安全模块、 电源和充电管理模块、 通信模 块、 人机交互装置组成。 其中, 行走模块包括 4个差速模块, 对 4个驱动轮组分 别进行控制; 升降模块用于对载车板升降机构进行控制; 引导定位模块用于对 搬运机器人的行进路径进行引导和定位; 安全模块用于防止搬运机器人行进期 间与周围物体发生碰撞, 保证其安全; 通信模块用于搬运机器人与外部进行无 线通讯; 人机交互装置用于对搬运机器人参数进行设定并显示搬运机器人的运 行状态。
[0039] 下面介绍引导定位模块的工作流程: 上位***通过无线网络、 电台等发送任务 表 /行走段表, 通信模块监听这些数据, 并存入段表队列中。 AGV从段表队列取 出段表参数、 点信息、 操作码信息等, 以此实现速度生成、 目的点确定、 搬运 操作码命令输出。 主控制器实现位置计算, 其原理如下: 采用两个位置计算器 完成对位置的准确估算和计算, 其中主位置计算器采用航位推算法, 根据上次 的位置信息和编码器信息 (速度编码器、 角度编码器) 和车体的运动学模型对 A GV的理论方位进行实吋计算。 不过, 由于理论位置会随着吋间的推移而产生累 计误差, 因此还需要辅助计算器进行位置修正。 辅助位置计算器根据导航装置 的激光头 /磁点传感器等信息获得真实位置。 主控制器将速度信息转换成电信号 , 发送至行走模块的转向伺服驱动器和驱动伺服驱动器, 伺服控制器控制马达 完成行走。
[0040] 如图 5-6所示, 其中显示了用于承载汽车的载车板 1。 载车板由板面 11及柱脚 12 构成, 板面中央安装有载力横梁, 板面为花纹钢板。
[0041] 柱脚上端设有向内凹进的柱脚插孔 121, 柱脚底端设有带有凸起的柱脚插销 122
。 在载车板码垛堆放吋, 上层载车板的柱脚插销恰好可***下层载车板的柱脚 插孔中, 实现载车板的整齐堆放。 [0042] 如图 4和 7所示, 在停车层内, 载运有汽车的搬运机器人可在导航***的引导下 , 实现前、 后、 左、 右及原地转向等动作, 按照一定的规则将汽车搬运至闲置 车位。 停车层内还设置有自动充电位, 在小车无工作任务吋, 可自动前往充电 位补充电量。
[0043] 应用该搬运机器人存取车的工作过程为:
[0044] 存车过程: 当小汽车在码垛机位置处的载车板上停放好后, 码垛机将载车板向 上举升一层台板高度, 搬运机器人驶入载车板底部并将载车板举升, 然后搬运 机器人将载车板和小汽车运载到规划的停放区。
[0045] 取车过程: 当***获得取车指令后, 搬运机器人行驶到指定停车位的载车板底 部, 升降机构将载车板及小汽车举升起来, 搬运机器人将载车板及小汽车运送 到码垛机上然后离幵, 码垛机下降一个台板高度, 小汽车即可离幵。
[0046] 需要强调的是, 以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详 细说明, 不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术 领域的普通技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下, 还可以做出若干简 单推演或替换, 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 包括车架主体、 安装于车架 主体内的载车板升降机构、 安装于载车板升降机构旁的行走驱动机构 和控制***, 其特征在于, 所述载车板升降机构包括安装于车架主体 两端的升降板和升降驱动装置, 所述升降驱动装置与所述升降板连接 并驱动其升降。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特征在于, 所述搬运机器人还包括导航装置、 供电装置和安全检测装置, 所述供 电装置包括安装于车架主体内的蓄电池及与蓄电池电连接的充电接口
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 2所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特征在于, 所述导航装置包括激光导航模块或电磁导航模块或磁钉导航模块或惯 性导航模块。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 2所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特征在于, 所述安全检测装置包括安装于车架主体边缘的激光防撞模块、 机械防 撞模块、 红外防撞模块或超声波防撞模块。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 1-4任一项所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特 征在于, 所述控制***由主控制器及与主控制器电连接的行走模块、 升降模块、 引导定位模块、 安全模块、 电源和充电管理模块、 通信模 块、 人机交互装置组成。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 1所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特征在于, 还包括载车板, 所述载车板由板面及柱脚构成, 所述板面的中央安装 有载力横梁。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 6所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特征在于, 所述板面为花纹钢板。
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 6所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特征在于, 所述柱脚上端设有向内凹进的柱脚插孔, 柱脚底端设有带有凸起的柱 脚插销。
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 1所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特征在于, 所述升降驱动装置为液压驱动机构、 螺旋升降机、 剪刀差升降机或电 动推杆。
[权利要求 10] 如权利要求 9所述的 AGV载车板交换汽车搬运机器人, 其特征在于, 所述液压驱动机构包括与液压泵及升降板连接的升降导柱。
PCT/CN2016/071396 2015-06-10 2016-01-20 一种agv载车板交换汽车搬运机器人 WO2016197612A1 (zh)

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