WO2016186041A1 - Vibration-type input device - Google Patents

Vibration-type input device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016186041A1
WO2016186041A1 PCT/JP2016/064342 JP2016064342W WO2016186041A1 WO 2016186041 A1 WO2016186041 A1 WO 2016186041A1 JP 2016064342 W JP2016064342 W JP 2016064342W WO 2016186041 A1 WO2016186041 A1 WO 2016186041A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
operation unit
vibration
input device
input
user
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/064342
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大地 小川
拓 蜂須
裕之 梶本
達弘 真仁田
龍夫 森田
功典 尾崎
Original Assignee
フィールズ株式会社
国立大学法人電気通信大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by フィールズ株式会社, 国立大学法人電気通信大学 filed Critical フィールズ株式会社
Priority to JP2017519185A priority Critical patent/JPWO2016186041A1/en
Publication of WO2016186041A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016186041A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an input device such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a game machine controller, and more particularly to an input device that gives a tactile sensation to a user.
  • an input device used by a user such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a controller of a game machine
  • an input device provided with a physical button accompanied by a physical push-in operation
  • an input device provided with a virtual button such as a touch panel.
  • an input device that vibrates a button after the button is pressed in order to notify the user that the button has been pressed (see Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 2 describes an input device that vibrates an actuator in accordance with a pressing force by a user operation on a virtual button on a touch panel. Specifically, the pressing force applied to the touch panel by the user operation is determined, the vibration corresponding to the determination result is given to the user, and the user's input state to the touch panel is notified to the user by the corresponding vibration.
  • the operation unit (button unit) is displaced in response to an operation by the user and is a physical button on which a predetermined input is performed, or a virtual button on the touch panel. After the user operates the button, vibration is presented to the user via the button to notify the user that button input has been accepted.
  • a notification function can be provided if a predetermined tactile sensation can be given to the user who performs the input through the operation unit by a completely new method. Can be further improved.
  • a user who operates the operation unit in relation to a certain phenomenon or event for example, a game player, an operator of an information processing device such as a computer, or a device such as an ATM or a ticketing machine for transportation
  • a certain phenomenon or event for example, a game player, an operator of an information processing device such as a computer, or a device such as an ATM or a ticketing machine for transportation
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to increase variations in tactile sensation to be provided to a user in an input device including an operation unit that is displaced with respect to an input of a load such as a physical button. To do.
  • the present invention that solves the above-described problem is provided with an operation unit that is displaced in response to an input of a load, and the displaced operation unit is configured to return to an initial position, and the operation unit is input by the input of the load to the operation unit.
  • An input device that receives the input when displaced by a predetermined distance from an initial position, and means for oscillating the operation unit between the start of displacement of the operation unit by the input of the load and the return to the initial position It is characterized by having.
  • the operation unit is vibrated during the displacement of the operation unit of the input device, it is possible to increase tactile variations to be given to the user.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure showing a schematic structure of a pushbutton type input device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the control part of the pushbutton type input device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the control part of the pushbutton type input device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the control part of the pushbutton type input device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
  • the vibration type input device applies vibration to the operation unit while the operation unit displaced by the user's operation is displaced by the user's operation. That is, a predetermined vibration is given to the operation unit that is actually moved by the user operation from the start of the displacement to the return to the initial position.
  • the operation unit is a member that is operated and displaced by the user when the user performs a predetermined input, and that causes the input device to accept the input when displaced by a predetermined distance from the initial position. That is, for example, the operation unit is a member such as a button or a lever that has a region that the user touches during the input operation and is operated while the user touches the region.
  • the push button type input device 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the push button type input device 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to be displaced in the load input direction (vertical direction in the present embodiment) with respect to the input of the load F (pressed by the user). And a spring 4 that connects the operation part 2 and the bottom surface 3a of the case part 3 to each other.
  • the operation unit 2 is a button.
  • the spring 4 is a member for displacing the operation unit 2 by applying a load F to the operation unit 2, and is provided so that the operation unit 2 displaced when the user depresses the upper surface of the operation unit 2 returns to the initial position. It has been.
  • the case part 3 shown in FIG. 1 is illustrated in a state in which the side wall on the front side of the sheet is removed.
  • the operation unit 2 has a built-in vibrator 5 (Acouve Laboratory Co., Ltd. Vp210), and a retroreflecting material 6 is attached to the lowermost surface of the operation unit 2.
  • a photo reflector GITETEK TPR-105F
  • the displacement sensor 7 measures a displacement amount D with respect to the initial position of the operation unit 2.
  • the displacement sensor 7 includes an infrared light emitting unit and an infrared light receiving unit, reflects the infrared light emitted from the infrared light emitting unit by the retroreflecting material 6, and receives the reflected light at the infrared light receiving unit.
  • the received light intensity (voltage value) is output as measurement information.
  • the push button type input device 1 further includes a control unit 8 such as a microcontroller. As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 8 includes a CPU 9 and a memory 10, and one vibration pattern (in this embodiment, a damping coefficient and a frequency in a damped sinusoidal vibration) is registered in the memory 10.
  • a control unit 8 such as a microcontroller.
  • the control unit 8 includes a CPU 9 and a memory 10, and one vibration pattern (in this embodiment, a damping coefficient and a frequency in a damped sinusoidal vibration) is registered in the memory 10.
  • the CPU 9 receives the measurement information output from the displacement sensor 7, and determines whether or not the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold based on the measurement information.
  • the displacement amount D (the displacement distance along the load input direction of the operation unit 2, that is, the push-in distance of the operation unit 2), and each displacement amount D
  • the relationship with the voltage value measured by the infrared light receiving part of the displacement sensor 7 corresponding to is previously determined experimentally. For example, assuming that the distance between the lower surface (surface facing the bottom surface 3a) and the bottom surface 3a (surface facing the retroreflection material 6) at the initial position is X mm, the displacement amount D is from 0 mm.
  • the measurement value (voltage value) obtained by the infrared light receiving unit is acquired by changing the distance toward Xmm in increments of a predetermined interval (for example, in increments of 0.1 mm).
  • a relationship (approximation formula) between the voltage value and the displacement amount is obtained by applying a predetermined approximation method (for example, the least square method) to the experimental value. If the measured value (voltage value) by the displacement sensor 7 is known from this approximate expression, the corresponding displacement amount D can be acquired. Furthermore, since each measured value corresponds to each displacement amount D, the displacement amount D can be discussed using the measured value.
  • a voltage value (hereinafter referred to as “threshold voltage value”) corresponding to a displacement amount serving as a threshold value is calculated from the above approximate expression and set in advance as a threshold value in the determination of the CPU 9. That is, the CPU 9 compares the measurement information (voltage value) received from the displacement sensor 7 with the threshold voltage value, and when the voltage value indicated by the measurement information is larger than the threshold voltage value, the displacement amount D has a predetermined threshold value. Judge that it has exceeded. When the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold, the CPU 9 reads the data of the damped sine wave vibration of the vibration pattern A from the memory 10 and outputs the drive signal of the vibration pattern A to the vibrator 5. To do. The vibrator 5 is vibrated by this drive signal, and the vibration is transmitted to the operation unit 2. That is, the push button type input device 1 vibrates the vibrator 5 at a certain timing from when the user starts operating the operation unit 2 to when it returns to the initial position.
  • the push button type input device 1 is configured to determine that the input by the operation unit 2 is turned ON when the displacement amount D becomes Ymm. That is, when the measurement information (voltage value) received from the displacement sensor 7 is the ON reference value (the voltage value when the displacement amount D acquired from the approximate expression is Ymm), the CPU 9 changes the operation unit 2 by the user. It is determined that the input has been made, and an ON signal related to the user input is output.
  • the CPU 9 since it is not essential to detect ON / OFF of a user input, it goes without saying that any method may be adopted as long as the ON / OFF can be detected.
  • the “predetermined threshold value” is changed as appropriate according to the device in which the input device is used and the purpose of giving a sense of touch to the user.
  • the threshold is preferably set to 5 mm or more so that the user can easily feel that vibration has occurred in conjunction with the push-in operation of the button.
  • the push button type input device 1 is in the process of displacing the operation unit 2 during the period from when the displacement of the operation unit 2 is started by the input of the load F until it returns to the initial position (user).
  • the operation unit 2 touched by the user's finger can be vibrated at least once (while the operation unit 2 is being moved). Accordingly, it is possible to present to the user a tactile sensation in which a tactile sensation caused by the vibration of the operation unit 2 itself is superimposed on the sense that the button obtained by the user in the normal physical button is pressed. That is, while operating the operation unit 2, while maintaining the depressed feeling, another different feeling (depending on the vibration pattern that vibrates the operation unit 2, for example, a hard or soft feeling). Users can feel it.
  • the input device can be applied to, for example, an FPS (First Person Shooter) game.
  • FPS First Person Shooter
  • the FPS game is configured so that the operation of pushing the operation unit 2 is linked to the operation of pulling the trigger of the gun, and the setting is such that no bullet is fired until the amount of pushing of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold, You can reproduce the “play” when you draw.
  • the pushing amount of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold, a bullet is fired and the button vibrates with this. Thereby, it is possible to provide the user with a tactile sensation like pulling the trigger of an actual gun with higher reproducibility.
  • applying vibration to the operation unit causes an effect of reproducing the tactile material feeling or changing the magnitude of the reaction force sensed from the operation unit by changing the frequency of the vibration.
  • the input device according to the present embodiment is applied to, for example, a keyboard of a personal computer, the feeling of pressing each key can be changed according to the user's preference.
  • the keyboard can be used with an operational feeling optimal for each user.
  • the acquisition of the displacement amount D using the displacement sensor 7 is obtained from the voltage value measured by the displacement sensor 7 using the relationship acquired in advance through experiments. Any method may be used as long as the amount of displacement of the operation unit 2 can be obtained using a photo reflector, such as performing distance calculation by a method each time. Further, although the photo reflector is used as the displacement sensor 7, other displacement sensors 7 may be used as long as the mechanism can measure the displacement amount D from the initial position of the operation unit 2.
  • the shape and size of the operation unit 2 and the case unit 3 are not limited to those described in the above embodiment.
  • the member that connects the operation unit 2 and the case unit 3 is not limited to the spring 4, and may be another elastic member such as an air spring or a member using magnetic elasticity. That is, in the input device according to the present invention, it is only necessary that the elastic member is provided so that the operating portion 2 that is displaced returns to the initial position. However, what is important in the present embodiment is that the operation unit 2 that has been displaced by the operation of the operation unit 2 by the user (or a button press if a button) is returned to the initial position. The method and mode of returning (moving) to the position are not essential. For example, for the return, a mechanism using an electrical or mechanical driving force such as a linear motion mechanism such as a motor may be used in addition to the one using the restoring force as described above.
  • a mechanism using an electrical or mechanical driving force such as a linear motion mechanism such as a motor may be used in addition to the one using the restoring force as described above.
  • the vibrator 5 is provided inside the operation unit 2.
  • the vibrator 5 may be provided outside the operation unit 2.
  • one vibrator 5 is provided, but a plurality of vibrators 5 may be provided.
  • the application of vibration to the operation unit 2 is not limited to using the vibrator 5, and a member that can apply other vibrations such as a motor may be used.
  • the vibrator 5 and a motor may be combined. That is, in the input device according to the present invention, it is only necessary that a vibration mechanism is provided so as to vibrate the operation unit 2 in accordance with the drive signal output from the control unit 8.
  • a plurality of threshold values of the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 for outputting a drive signal may be set in the control unit 8.
  • a vibration provision point can be provided in the said several steps in the depth direction. That is, the vibrator 5 is vibrated at a plurality of timings from the start of operation of the operation unit 2 to the return to the initial position.
  • the push button type input device 1 is used as an input device for a video game
  • the same operation unit 2 is operated for the video game player by changing the threshold value according to the situation of the video game. Despite this, you can enjoy a three-step input feeling.
  • vibration is applied to the operation unit 2 during displacement of the operation unit 2, a plurality of vibration points can be provided for the operation unit 2 being displaced, and the same operation unit 2 is pushed in. Vibration can be applied at a plurality of positions in the direction. Therefore, it is possible to give a tactile sensation at a shallow position in some cases to a user who is just operating the operation unit 2, and give a tactile sensation at a deep position in other cases.
  • one vibration pattern A is registered in the memory 10, but a plurality of vibration patterns may be registered.
  • a plurality of vibration patterns may be registered.
  • three types of vibration patterns are registered. That is, each of the vibration patterns A, B, and C has a different damping coefficient and frequency in the damped sinusoidal vibration.
  • the threshold value of the displacement amount D for outputting the drive signal is set in three stages, and the vibration of the vibration pattern A is generated when the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 exceeds the first threshold value.
  • the vibration of the vibration pattern B is obtained.
  • the vibration of the vibration pattern C is obtained. Can be generated.
  • the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. That is, in the single operation unit 2 in the input device, the user who operates the operation unit 2 is superposed on the normal pressing feeling of the operation unit 2 depending on the operation amount of the operation unit 2 and is different. Multiple tactile sensations can be presented.
  • the operation unit 2 can be operated with respect to the user who operates the operation unit 2 even with the single operation unit 2.
  • a plurality of different tactile sensations can be presented in superposition with the normal pressing feeling. Therefore, the single operation unit 2 can make the user feel various sensations such as a hard operation feeling, a soft operation feeling, and a repelling operation feeling.
  • the control unit 8 receives an instruction signal (for example, a video game if it is a video game) input from the outside of the control unit 8 (for example, a computer connected to the push button type input device 1).
  • the vibration pattern corresponding to the progress content may be output to the vibrator 5.
  • the user who operates the push button type input device 1 is experiencing while letting the user perceive the sensation of operating the operation unit 2 by the single operation unit 2.
  • the feeling presented to the user can be changed according to an event (for example, content displayed on a display in the case of a video game).
  • the vibration pattern is not registered in advance, but may be automatically generated based on various information input to the control unit 8. For example, when using a damped sine wave vibration as the vibration pattern, the control unit 8 sets and generates new values of the initial amplitude coefficient, the damping coefficient, and the vibration frequency according to the displacement amount of the operation unit 2 and other information.
  • the drive signal of the vibration pattern thus formed may be output to the vibrator 5. By configuring the control unit 8 in this way, the vibration pattern can be changed according to the situation.
  • the control unit 8 calculates the displacement speed of the operation unit 2 based on the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 and the elapsed time from the start of the displacement of the operation unit 2, and changes the vibration pattern according to the displacement speed. It may be configured to. Thereby, according to the operation speed of the operation part 2, the tactile sense presented to the user can be changed. That is, it is possible to further increase tactile variations to be given to the user. For example, it is possible to generate a weak vibration when the button is pushed slowly, and to generate a strong vibration when the button is pushed vigorously.
  • control unit 8 may be configured to change the threshold value of the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 for outputting a drive signal according to the displacement speed of the operation unit 2.
  • the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. For example, when the button is slowly pushed in, vibration can be generated at a deep pushing position, and when the button is pushed in vigorously, vibration can be produced at a shallow pushing position.
  • control unit 8 may be configured to change the vibration pattern according to the input user information (age, sex, etc.). Thereby, the optimal tactile sense according to the desired objective can be provided to each user.
  • control unit 8 may be configured to change the threshold value of the displacement amount D for outputting the drive signal according to the user information.
  • the button can be vibrated even if the push amount of the button does not reach the normal threshold value for outputting the drive signal.
  • the user information is input to the control unit 8 when the user performs an input operation or is automatically generated on the machine side, for example.
  • a QR code registered trademark
  • a QR code registered trademark
  • the user information is input to the control unit 8 by causing the machine side to read the QR code.
  • the control unit 8 may automatically generate user information using, for example, a face authentication system.
  • control unit 8 may be configured to output a drive signal after the maximum displacement of the operation unit 2 and before the operation unit 2 returns to the initial position. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. For example, it is possible to vibrate the operation unit 2 when the user lifts the finger after pushing the button down to the bottom.
  • control unit 8 is configured to change the vibration pattern of the drive signal that is output until the operation unit 2 returns to the initial position after the maximum displacement of the operation unit 2 according to the displacement speed of the operation unit 2. You may do it. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. For example, when the button is pushed in vigorously, a strong vibration is generated when the user releases the finger, and when the button is pushed slowly, a weak vibration is generated when the user releases the finger. Become.
  • the drive signal is output when the displacement D of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • the drive signal is output continuously with respect to the displacement of the operation unit 2. Also good. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. For example, it is possible to continue to vibrate the operation unit 2 from the start to the end of the button pressing operation.
  • the vibrator 5 may be a voice coil type vibrator, an eccentric motor, a linear vibrator, a piezoelectric vibrator, or the like.
  • the vibration pattern input to the vibrator 5 is not limited to damped sine wave vibration.
  • sound information for example, an analog signal
  • predetermined music or sound effects may be used.
  • control unit 8 The modified examples of the control unit 8 described so far can be combined with each other, and the combination of the modified examples further increases tactile variations provided to the user.
  • the input device is not limited to the push button type input device in which the operation unit 2 is displaced in the same direction, and may be any input device that is displaced with respect to the input of the load F.
  • the displacement sensor 7 is provided to measure the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 in the operation direction, the operation is performed according to the displacement amount D.
  • the part 2 can be vibrated.
  • the vibration input device includes a personal computer, an arcade game, a home game machine, a gaming machine for a casino (slot machine, video poker, video roulette, video blackjack, video keno, etc.), a ball game machine, a revolving type
  • the present invention can be applied to devices equipped with buttons, levers, and the like that displace operation units, such as gaming machines such as gaming machines, station ticket machines, bank ATMs, and vending machines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)

Abstract

[Problem] To give a novel tactile sensation to a user and to increase the variation in tactile sensation given to a user in an input device equipped with an operation part that is displaced in response to the input of a load such as that of a physical button. [Solution] An input device 1 is provided with an operation part 2 that is displaced in response to the input of a load F and is configured such that the displaced operation part 2 returns to an initial position. When the operation part 2 is displaced by a prescribed distance from the initial position due to the input of the load F to the operation part 2, such input is accepted. The input device 1 is provided with a means for causing the operation part 2 to vibrate from when displacement of the operation part 2 due to the input of the load F begins until the operation part 2 returns to the initial position.

Description

振動式入力装置Vibration input device
　本発明は、マウスやキーボード、ゲーム機のコントローラ等の入力装置に関するものであり、特に、ユーザに触覚を付与する入力装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an input device such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a game machine controller, and more particularly to an input device that gives a tactile sensation to a user.
　マウスやキーボード、ゲーム機のコントローラ等のユーザが使用する入力装置として、例えば物理的な押し込み動作を伴う物理ボタンを備えた入力装置や、タッチパネルのようなバーチャルボタンを備えた入力装置がある。このような入力装置の中には、ボタンが押されたことをユーザに通知するために、ボタンが押された後にボタンを振動させる入力装置もある（特許文献１参照）。 As an input device used by a user such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a controller of a game machine, for example, there are an input device provided with a physical button accompanied by a physical push-in operation and an input device provided with a virtual button such as a touch panel. Among such input devices, there is an input device that vibrates a button after the button is pressed in order to notify the user that the button has been pressed (see Patent Document 1).
　一方、特許文献２には、タッチパネル上のバーチャルボタンに対するユーザ操作による押圧力に応じてアクチュエータを振動させる入力装置が記載されている。具体的には、ユーザ操作によるタッチパネルへの押圧力を判定し、該判定結果に応じた振動をユーザに与え、ユーザによるタッチパネルへの入力状態をそれに応じた振動によりユーザに通知するものである。 On the other hand, Patent Document 2 describes an input device that vibrates an actuator in accordance with a pressing force by a user operation on a virtual button on a touch panel. Specifically, the pressing force applied to the touch panel by the user operation is determined, the vibration corresponding to the determination result is given to the user, and the user's input state to the touch panel is notified to the user by the corresponding vibration.
特表２００６－５２５９２３号公報JP-T-2006-525923 特開２００５－３５２９２７号公報JP 2005-352927 A
　このように、特許文献１および２では、ユーザによる操作に応じて操作部（ボタン部）が変位して所定の入力が行われる物理ボタンであろうが、タッチパネル上のバーチャルボタンであろうが、ユーザによるボタンの操作後に該ボタンを介してユーザに振動を呈示してボタン入力が受け付けられたことをユーザに通知するものである。ボタンといった操作部を介してユーザが所定の入力を行う際に、該入力を行っているユーザに対して全く新しい方式により上記操作部を介してユーザに所定の触覚を与えることができれば、通知機能をさらに向上させることができるであろう。あるいは、ある現象、事象に関連して上記操作部を操作しているユーザ（例えば、ゲームのプレイヤ、コンピュータ等の情報処理装置の操作者、ＡＴＭや交通機関の発券機などのデバイスを操作している人等）に対して、今までよりもリッチな体験を提供することもできるであろう。 As described above, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the operation unit (button unit) is displaced in response to an operation by the user and is a physical button on which a predetermined input is performed, or a virtual button on the touch panel. After the user operates the button, vibration is presented to the user via the button to notify the user that button input has been accepted. When a user performs a predetermined input via an operation unit such as a button, a notification function can be provided if a predetermined tactile sensation can be given to the user who performs the input through the operation unit by a completely new method. Can be further improved. Alternatively, a user who operates the operation unit in relation to a certain phenomenon or event (for example, a game player, an operator of an information processing device such as a computer, or a device such as an ATM or a ticketing machine for transportation) It will also be possible to provide a richer experience than before.
　本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、物理ボタンのような荷重の入力に対して変位する操作部を備えた入力装置において、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを増やすことを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to increase variations in tactile sensation to be provided to a user in an input device including an operation unit that is displaced with respect to an input of a load such as a physical button. To do.
　上記課題を解決する本発明は荷重の入力に対して変位する操作部を備え、該変位された操作部が初期位置まで戻るように構成され、前記操作部に対する前記荷重の入力により該操作部が初期位置から所定距離だけ変位すると前記入力を受け付ける入力装置であって、前記荷重の入力により前記操作部の変位が開始されてから、前記初期位置に戻るまでの間に前記操作部を振動させる手段を備えることを特徴としている。 The present invention that solves the above-described problem is provided with an operation unit that is displaced in response to an input of a load, and the displaced operation unit is configured to return to an initial position, and the operation unit is input by the input of the load to the operation unit. An input device that receives the input when displaced by a predetermined distance from an initial position, and means for oscillating the operation unit between the start of displacement of the operation unit by the input of the load and the return to the initial position It is characterized by having.
　本発明によれば、入力装置の操作部の変位中に該操作部を振動させているので、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを増やすことができる。 According to the present invention, since the operation unit is vibrated during the displacement of the operation unit of the input device, it is possible to increase tactile variations to be given to the user.
本発明の一実施形態に係る押ボタン式入力装置の概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure showing a schematic structure of a pushbutton type input device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る押ボタン式入力装置の制御部の概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the control part of the pushbutton type input device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る押ボタン式入力装置の制御部の概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the control part of the pushbutton type input device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る押ボタン式入力装置の制御部の概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the control part of the pushbutton type input device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
　以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る振動式入力装置について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、本明細書および図面において、実質的に同一の機能構成を有する要素においては、同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略する。 Hereinafter, a vibratory input device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same functional configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
　本発明に係る振動式入力装置は、ユーザの操作により変位する操作部がユーザ操作による変位の最中に、上記操作部に振動を付与するものである。すなわち、ユーザ操作により実際に動いている操作部に対して、変位開始から初期位置に戻るまでの間に所定の振動を与えるものである。なお、本発明において、操作部は、ユーザが所定の入力を行う際にユーザにより操作されて変位し、初期位置から所定距離だけ変位すると上記入力を入力装置に受け付けさせる部材である。すなわち、例えば、操作部は、ボタン、レバーのように、上記入力操作時に、ユーザが触れる領域を有し、該領域をユーザが触れながら操作される部材である。 The vibration type input device according to the present invention applies vibration to the operation unit while the operation unit displaced by the user's operation is displaced by the user's operation. That is, a predetermined vibration is given to the operation unit that is actually moved by the user operation from the start of the displacement to the return to the initial position. In the present invention, the operation unit is a member that is operated and displaced by the user when the user performs a predetermined input, and that causes the input device to accept the input when displaced by a predetermined distance from the initial position. That is, for example, the operation unit is a member such as a button or a lever that has a region that the user touches during the input operation and is operated while the user touches the region.
　以下、本発明に係る振動式入力装置の一例として、押ボタン式入力装置１について説明する。図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る押ボタン式入力装置１は、荷重Ｆの入力（ユーザによる押下）に対して荷重入力方向（本実施形態では鉛直方向）に変位するように構成された操作部２と、操作部２の下部を収容する角筒状のケース部３と、操作部２とケース部３の底面３ａとを連結するバネ４を備えている。本実施形態では、操作部２は、ボタンである。バネ４は、操作部２に対する荷重Ｆの印加により操作部２を変位させるための部材であって、ユーザが操作部２の上面を押し下げることにより変位した操作部２が初期位置に戻るように設けられている。なお、図１に示すケース部３は、紙面手前側の側壁を除いた状態で図示している。 Hereinafter, a push button type input device 1 will be described as an example of a vibration type input device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the push button type input device 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to be displaced in the load input direction (vertical direction in the present embodiment) with respect to the input of the load F (pressed by the user). And a spring 4 that connects the operation part 2 and the bottom surface 3a of the case part 3 to each other. In the present embodiment, the operation unit 2 is a button. The spring 4 is a member for displacing the operation unit 2 by applying a load F to the operation unit 2, and is provided so that the operation unit 2 displaced when the user depresses the upper surface of the operation unit 2 returns to the initial position. It has been. In addition, the case part 3 shown in FIG. 1 is illustrated in a state in which the side wall on the front side of the sheet is removed.
　操作部２には、振動子５（Acouve Laboratory社製 Vp210）が内蔵されており、操作部２の最下面には、再帰性反射材６が取り付けられている。一方、ケース部内方におけるケース部３の底面３ａ上には、操作部２の変位量（変位距離）を取得するための変位センサ７としてフォトリフレクタ（GENIXTEK社製 TPR-105F）が設けられている。この変位センサ７により、操作部２の初期位置に対する変位量Ｄが測定される。変位センサ７は、赤外線発光部と赤外線受光部とを有し、赤外線発光部から照射された赤外光を再帰性反射材６により反射させて、該反射光を赤外線受光部にて受光し、受光強度（電圧値）を測定情報として出力する。 The operation unit 2 has a built-in vibrator 5 (Acouve Laboratory Co., Ltd. Vp210), and a retroreflecting material 6 is attached to the lowermost surface of the operation unit 2. On the other hand, on the bottom surface 3a of the case part 3 inside the case part, a photo reflector (GENITETEK TPR-105F) is provided as a displacement sensor 7 for obtaining the displacement amount (displacement distance) of the operation part 2. . The displacement sensor 7 measures a displacement amount D with respect to the initial position of the operation unit 2. The displacement sensor 7 includes an infrared light emitting unit and an infrared light receiving unit, reflects the infrared light emitted from the infrared light emitting unit by the retroreflecting material 6, and receives the reflected light at the infrared light receiving unit. The received light intensity (voltage value) is output as measurement information.
　押ボタン式入力装置１は、さらにマイクロコントローラ等の制御部８を備えている。図２に示すように、制御部８は、ＣＰＵ９とメモリ１０を備えており、メモリ１０に振動パターン（本実施形態では、減衰正弦波振動における減衰係数および周波数）が１つ登録されている。 The push button type input device 1 further includes a control unit 8 such as a microcontroller. As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 8 includes a CPU 9 and a memory 10, and one vibration pattern (in this embodiment, a damping coefficient and a frequency in a damped sinusoidal vibration) is registered in the memory 10.
　ＣＰＵ９は、変位センサ７から出力された測定情報を受け取り、該測定情報に基づいて操作部２の変位量Ｄが所定の閾値を超えているか否かを判定する。 The CPU 9 receives the measurement information output from the displacement sensor 7, and determines whether or not the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold based on the measurement information.
　本実施形態では、図１に示す押ボタン式入力装置１において、変位量Ｄ（操作部２の上記荷重入力方向に沿った変位距離、すなわち、操作部２の押し込み距離）と、各変位量Ｄに対応する変位センサ７の赤外線受光部により測定される電圧値との関係を予め実験的に求めておく。例えば、初期位置における再帰性反射材６の下面（底面３ａと対向する面）から底面３ａ（再帰性反射材６に対向する面）との間の距離をＸｍｍとすると、変位量Ｄを０ｍｍからＸｍｍに向かって、所定間隔刻み（例えば０．１ｍｍ刻み）で変化させて赤外線受光部による測定値（電圧値）を取得する。次いで、電圧値と変位量との関係（近似式）を、実験値に対して所定の近似法（例えば、最小二乗法）を適用することにより取得する。この近似式により、変位センサ７による測定値（電圧値）が分かれば、対応する変位量Ｄを取得することができる。さらには、各測定値と各変位量Ｄとが対応しているので、測定値を用いて変位量Ｄの議論をすることができる。 In the present embodiment, in the push-button input device 1 shown in FIG. 1, the displacement amount D (the displacement distance along the load input direction of the operation unit 2, that is, the push-in distance of the operation unit 2), and each displacement amount D The relationship with the voltage value measured by the infrared light receiving part of the displacement sensor 7 corresponding to is previously determined experimentally. For example, assuming that the distance between the lower surface (surface facing the bottom surface 3a) and the bottom surface 3a (surface facing the retroreflection material 6) at the initial position is X mm, the displacement amount D is from 0 mm. The measurement value (voltage value) obtained by the infrared light receiving unit is acquired by changing the distance toward Xmm in increments of a predetermined interval (for example, in increments of 0.1 mm). Next, a relationship (approximation formula) between the voltage value and the displacement amount is obtained by applying a predetermined approximation method (for example, the least square method) to the experimental value. If the measured value (voltage value) by the displacement sensor 7 is known from this approximate expression, the corresponding displacement amount D can be acquired. Furthermore, since each measured value corresponds to each displacement amount D, the displacement amount D can be discussed using the measured value.
　よって、本実施形態では、閾値となる変位量に対応する電圧値（以降、“閾値電圧値”と呼ぶ）を上記近似式より算出し、ＣＰＵ９の上記判定における閾値として予め設定しておく。すなわち、ＣＰＵ９は、変位センサ７より受け付けた測定情報（電圧値）と閾値電圧値とを比較し、測定情報が示す電圧値が閾値電圧値よりも大きい場合は、変位量Ｄが所定の閾値を越えていると判定する。操作部２の変位量Ｄが所定の閾値を超えている場合には、ＣＰＵ９は、メモリ１０から振動パターンＡの減衰正弦波振動のデータを読み込み、振動子５に振動パターンＡの駆動信号を出力する。この駆動信号により振動子５が振動し、その振動は操作部２に伝達する。すなわち、押ボタン式入力装置１は、ユーザによる操作部２の操作開始時から初期位置に戻るまでの間のあるタイミングで振動子５を振動させている。 Therefore, in this embodiment, a voltage value (hereinafter referred to as “threshold voltage value”) corresponding to a displacement amount serving as a threshold value is calculated from the above approximate expression and set in advance as a threshold value in the determination of the CPU 9. That is, the CPU 9 compares the measurement information (voltage value) received from the displacement sensor 7 with the threshold voltage value, and when the voltage value indicated by the measurement information is larger than the threshold voltage value, the displacement amount D has a predetermined threshold value. Judge that it has exceeded. When the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold, the CPU 9 reads the data of the damped sine wave vibration of the vibration pattern A from the memory 10 and outputs the drive signal of the vibration pattern A to the vibrator 5. To do. The vibrator 5 is vibrated by this drive signal, and the vibration is transmitted to the operation unit 2. That is, the push button type input device 1 vibrates the vibrator 5 at a certain timing from when the user starts operating the operation unit 2 to when it returns to the initial position.
　本実施形態では、変位量ＤがＹｍｍとなった際に、操作部２による入力がＯＮされたと判定するように押ボタン式入力装置１を構成している。すなわち、ＣＰＵ９は、変位センサ７から受け付けた測定情報（電圧値）がＯＮ基準値（上記近似式より取得した変位量ＤがＹｍｍの時の電圧値）である場合に、ユーザによる操作部２を介した入力がなされたと判定し、ユーザ入力に関するＯＮ信号を出力する。なお、本実施形態では、ユーザ入力のＯＮ／ＯＦＦを検知することが本質ではないので、該ＯＮ／ＯＦＦを検知できればいずれの方式を採っても良いことは言うまでも無い。 In this embodiment, the push button type input device 1 is configured to determine that the input by the operation unit 2 is turned ON when the displacement amount D becomes Ymm. That is, when the measurement information (voltage value) received from the displacement sensor 7 is the ON reference value (the voltage value when the displacement amount D acquired from the approximate expression is Ymm), the CPU 9 changes the operation unit 2 by the user. It is determined that the input has been made, and an ON signal related to the user input is output. In the present embodiment, since it is not essential to detect ON / OFF of a user input, it goes without saying that any method may be adopted as long as the ON / OFF can be detected.
　「所定の閾値」は、入力装置が用いられる機器やユーザに触覚を付与する目的に応じて適宜変更される。例えば、入力装置が押ボタンである場合には、ユーザがボタンの押し込み動作に連動して振動が発生したことを感じやすくするためは、上記閾値を５ｍｍ以上とすることが好ましい。 The “predetermined threshold value” is changed as appropriate according to the device in which the input device is used and the purpose of giving a sense of touch to the user. For example, when the input device is a push button, the threshold is preferably set to 5 mm or more so that the user can easily feel that vibration has occurred in conjunction with the push-in operation of the button.
　以上のように、本実施形態に係る押ボタン式入力装置１は、荷重Ｆの入力により操作部２の変位が開始されてから、初期位置に戻るまでの間における操作部２の変位中（ユーザ操作による操作部２がまさに移動している最中）の少なくとも１回のタイミングで、ユーザの指が触れる操作部２を振動させることができる。従って、通常の物理ボタンにおいてユーザが得られるボタンのまさに押し込んだ感覚に対して、操作部２自体が振動することによる触覚を重畳した触覚をユーザに呈示することができる。すなわち、操作部２を操作している最中に、上記押し込んだ感覚を維持しながら、異なる別の感覚（操作部２を振動させる振動パターンに依存するが、例えば、硬い、柔らかいといった感覚）をユーザに感じさせることができる。これにより、物理ボタンの押し込み動作中に振動を付与するといった従来技術からは得られない新たな触覚をユーザに提供することができる。すなわち、従来の物理ボタンのようにボタン機構の一部（例えば、バネなど）を変更しなくても、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを増やすことができる。 As described above, the push button type input device 1 according to the present embodiment is in the process of displacing the operation unit 2 during the period from when the displacement of the operation unit 2 is started by the input of the load F until it returns to the initial position (user The operation unit 2 touched by the user's finger can be vibrated at least once (while the operation unit 2 is being moved). Accordingly, it is possible to present to the user a tactile sensation in which a tactile sensation caused by the vibration of the operation unit 2 itself is superimposed on the sense that the button obtained by the user in the normal physical button is pressed. That is, while operating the operation unit 2, while maintaining the depressed feeling, another different feeling (depending on the vibration pattern that vibrates the operation unit 2, for example, a hard or soft feeling). Users can feel it. This makes it possible to provide the user with a new tactile sensation that cannot be obtained from the prior art, such as applying vibration during the pressing operation of the physical button. That is, variations in tactile sensation to be given to the user can be increased without changing a part of the button mechanism (for example, a spring or the like) unlike a conventional physical button.
　本実施形態に係る入力装置は、例えばＦＰＳ（ファーストパーソン・シューター）ゲームに適用することができる。操作部２を押す動作が銃のトリガーを引く動作に連動するようにＦＰＳゲームを構成して、操作部２の押し込み量が所定の閾値を超えるまでは弾が発射されない設定とすれば、トリガーを引く際の“遊び”を再現することができる。そして、操作部２の押し込み量が所定の閾値を超えた際に弾が発射され、これと共にボタンが振動することになる。これにより、実際の銃のトリガーを引いたような触覚をより再現性が高い状態でユーザに提供することができる。 The input device according to the present embodiment can be applied to, for example, an FPS (First Person Shooter) game. If the FPS game is configured so that the operation of pushing the operation unit 2 is linked to the operation of pulling the trigger of the gun, and the setting is such that no bullet is fired until the amount of pushing of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold, You can reproduce the “play” when you draw. When the pushing amount of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold, a bullet is fired and the button vibrates with this. Thereby, it is possible to provide the user with a tactile sensation like pulling the trigger of an actual gun with higher reproducibility.
　また、操作部に振動を付与することは、該振動の周波数を変えることによって、触覚的な材質感を再現したり、操作部から感じ取る反力の大きさを変化させるといった作用も生じさせる。このため、本実施形態に係る入力装置を例えばパソコンのキーボードに適用した場合には、各キーの押し込み感をユーザの嗜好に合わせて各々変化させることができる。これにより、各ユーザにとって最適な操作感でキーボードを使用することができる。 Also, applying vibration to the operation unit causes an effect of reproducing the tactile material feeling or changing the magnitude of the reaction force sensed from the operation unit by changing the frequency of the vibration. For this reason, when the input device according to the present embodiment is applied to, for example, a keyboard of a personal computer, the feeling of pressing each key can be changed according to the user's preference. As a result, the keyboard can be used with an operational feeling optimal for each user.
　以上、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。当業者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到しうることは明らかであり、それらについても当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。 The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is understood that it belongs to.
　例えば、上記実施形態では、変位センサ７を用いた変位量Ｄの取得について、予め実験により取得した関係を用いて変位センサ７にて測定された電圧値より求めているが、例えば、タイムオブフライト法による距離算出を都度で行う等、フォトリフレクタを用いて操作部２の変位量を取得できればいずれの方法を用いても良い。また、変位センサ７としてフォトリフレクタを用いたが、操作部２の初期位置からの変位量Ｄを測定できる機構であれば、その他の変位センサ７を用いても良い。 For example, in the above-described embodiment, the acquisition of the displacement amount D using the displacement sensor 7 is obtained from the voltage value measured by the displacement sensor 7 using the relationship acquired in advance through experiments. Any method may be used as long as the amount of displacement of the operation unit 2 can be obtained using a photo reflector, such as performing distance calculation by a method each time. Further, although the photo reflector is used as the displacement sensor 7, other displacement sensors 7 may be used as long as the mechanism can measure the displacement amount D from the initial position of the operation unit 2.
　また、操作部２やケース部３の形状、サイズ等についても上記実施形態で説明したものに限定されない。 Further, the shape and size of the operation unit 2 and the case unit 3 are not limited to those described in the above embodiment.
　また、操作部２とケース部３とを連結する部材は、バネ４に限定されず、空気バネや磁気弾性を利用した部材等の他の弾性部材であっても良い。すなわち、本発明に係る入力装置においては、変位する操作部２が初期位置に戻るように弾性部材が設けられていれば良い。ただし、本実施形態で重要なことは、ユーザによる操作部２の操作（ボタンであればボタン押下）により変位した操作部２を初期位置まで戻らせることであり、該変位後の操作部の初期位置への復帰（移動）の方法、態様については本質では無い。例えば、上記復帰については、上述のように復元力を用いるもの以外にも、例えば、モータのような直動機構のように電気的、機械的な駆動力を用いる機構を用いても良い。 Further, the member that connects the operation unit 2 and the case unit 3 is not limited to the spring 4, and may be another elastic member such as an air spring or a member using magnetic elasticity. That is, in the input device according to the present invention, it is only necessary that the elastic member is provided so that the operating portion 2 that is displaced returns to the initial position. However, what is important in the present embodiment is that the operation unit 2 that has been displaced by the operation of the operation unit 2 by the user (or a button press if a button) is returned to the initial position. The method and mode of returning (moving) to the position are not essential. For example, for the return, a mechanism using an electrical or mechanical driving force such as a linear motion mechanism such as a motor may be used in addition to the one using the restoring force as described above.
　また、上記実施形態では、振動子５を操作部２の内方に設けることとしたが、操作部２の外側に振動子５を設けても良い。また、上記実施形態では、振動子５を１つ設けることとしたが、振動子５は複数設けても良い。これにより、１つの振動子５だけでは得られない波形の振動や、共振作用による激しい振動を発生させることも可能となる。また、操作部２への振動付与は、振動子５を用いることに限定されず、モータ等の他の振動を付与できる部材を用いても良い。また、振動子５とモータ等を組み合わせても良い。すなわち、本発明に係る入力装置においては、制御部８から出力される駆動信号に応じて操作部２を振動させるように振動機構が設けられていれば良い。 In the above embodiment, the vibrator 5 is provided inside the operation unit 2. However, the vibrator 5 may be provided outside the operation unit 2. In the above embodiment, one vibrator 5 is provided, but a plurality of vibrators 5 may be provided. As a result, it is possible to generate a vibration having a waveform that cannot be obtained by only one vibrator 5 or a vigorous vibration due to a resonance action. Further, the application of vibration to the operation unit 2 is not limited to using the vibrator 5, and a member that can apply other vibrations such as a motor may be used. Further, the vibrator 5 and a motor may be combined. That is, in the input device according to the present invention, it is only necessary that a vibration mechanism is provided so as to vibrate the operation unit 2 in accordance with the drive signal output from the control unit 8.
　また、駆動信号を出力するための操作部２の変位量Ｄの閾値は、制御部８において複数設定されていても良い。これにより、深さ方向において上記複数段階で振動付与ポイントを設けることができる。すなわち、操作部２の操作開始時から初期位置に戻るまでの間の複数のタイミングで振動子５を振動させることになる。例えば、押ボタン式入力装置１をビデオゲームの入力装置として用いる場合、上記ビデオゲームの状況に応じて、上記閾値を変化させることにより、上記ビデオゲームのプレイヤにとっては、同一の操作部２を操作しているにも関わらず、３段階の入力感覚を味わわせることができる。すなわち、操作部２の変位中に該操作部２に対して振動を付与しているので、変位中の操作部２に対する振動ポイントを複数設けることができ、同一の操作部２に対して、押し込み方向において複数の位置にて振動を付与することができる。よって、操作部２をまさに操作しているユーザに対して、あるときは浅い位置にて触覚呈示を与え、別のときには深い位置にて触覚呈示を与えることができる。 Further, a plurality of threshold values of the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 for outputting a drive signal may be set in the control unit 8. Thereby, a vibration provision point can be provided in the said several steps in the depth direction. That is, the vibrator 5 is vibrated at a plurality of timings from the start of operation of the operation unit 2 to the return to the initial position. For example, when the push button type input device 1 is used as an input device for a video game, the same operation unit 2 is operated for the video game player by changing the threshold value according to the situation of the video game. Despite this, you can enjoy a three-step input feeling. That is, since vibration is applied to the operation unit 2 during displacement of the operation unit 2, a plurality of vibration points can be provided for the operation unit 2 being displaced, and the same operation unit 2 is pushed in. Vibration can be applied at a plurality of positions in the direction. Therefore, it is possible to give a tactile sensation at a shallow position in some cases to a user who is just operating the operation unit 2, and give a tactile sensation at a deep position in other cases.
　また、上記実施形態では、メモリ１０に１つの振動パターンＡを登録していたが、複数の振動パターンが登録されていても良い。図３に示す例では、振動パターンが３種類登録されている。すなわち、振動パターンＡ、Ｂ、Ｃの各々は、減衰正弦波振動における減衰係数および周波数がそれぞれ異なる。 In the above-described embodiment, one vibration pattern A is registered in the memory 10, but a plurality of vibration patterns may be registered. In the example shown in FIG. 3, three types of vibration patterns are registered. That is, each of the vibration patterns A, B, and C has a different damping coefficient and frequency in the damped sinusoidal vibration.
　このような場合、例えば、駆動信号を出力するための変位量Ｄの閾値を３段階に設定し、操作部２の変位量Ｄが第１の閾値を超えた際には振動パターンＡの振動を、操作部２の変位量Ｄが第２の閾値を超えた際には振動パターンＢの振動を、操作部２の変位量Ｄが第３の閾値を超えた際には振動パターンＣの振動を発生させることができる。これにより、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを更に増やすことができる。すなわち、入力装置における単一の操作部２において、操作部２を操作しているユーザに対して、操作部２の操作量に応じて、操作部２の通常の押し込み感覚に重畳して、異なる複数の触覚を呈示することができる。 In such a case, for example, the threshold value of the displacement amount D for outputting the drive signal is set in three stages, and the vibration of the vibration pattern A is generated when the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 exceeds the first threshold value. When the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 exceeds the second threshold value, the vibration of the vibration pattern B is obtained. When the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 exceeds the third threshold value, the vibration of the vibration pattern C is obtained. Can be generated. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. That is, in the single operation unit 2 in the input device, the user who operates the operation unit 2 is superposed on the normal pressing feeling of the operation unit 2 depending on the operation amount of the operation unit 2 and is different. Multiple tactile sensations can be presented.
　また、変位量Ｄの閾値が１つであっても、振動パターンを複数設けることにより、単一の操作部２であっても、操作部２を操作しているユーザに対して、操作部２の通常の押し込み感覚に重畳して、異なる複数の触覚を呈示することができる。よって、単一の操作部２により、硬い操作感、柔らかい操作感、反発する操作感など様々な感覚をユーザに感じさせることができる。このような場合は、例えば、制御部８は、該制御部８の外部（例えば、押ボタン式入力装置１に接続されたコンピュータ等）から入力された指示信号（ビデオゲームであれば、ビデオゲームの進行内容に応じた信号）に応じた振動パターンを振動子５に対して出力すれば良い。すなわち、本実施形態によれば、単一の操作部２により、操作部２を操作している感覚をユーザに知覚させながら、押ボタン式入力装置１を操作しているユーザが体験している事象（例えば、ビデオゲームであれば、ディスプレイに表示されているコンテンツ等）に応じて該ユーザに呈示する感覚を変えることができる。 Moreover, even if the threshold value of the displacement amount D is one, by providing a plurality of vibration patterns, the operation unit 2 can be operated with respect to the user who operates the operation unit 2 even with the single operation unit 2. A plurality of different tactile sensations can be presented in superposition with the normal pressing feeling. Therefore, the single operation unit 2 can make the user feel various sensations such as a hard operation feeling, a soft operation feeling, and a repelling operation feeling. In such a case, for example, the control unit 8 receives an instruction signal (for example, a video game if it is a video game) input from the outside of the control unit 8 (for example, a computer connected to the push button type input device 1). The vibration pattern corresponding to the progress content) may be output to the vibrator 5. That is, according to the present embodiment, the user who operates the push button type input device 1 is experiencing while letting the user perceive the sensation of operating the operation unit 2 by the single operation unit 2. The feeling presented to the user can be changed according to an event (for example, content displayed on a display in the case of a video game).
　また、振動パターンは、予め登録されたものではなく、制御部８に入力される種々の情報に基づいて自動生成されたものでも良い。例えば、振動パターンとして減衰正弦波振動を用いる場合、制御部８が操作部２の変位量や他の情報に応じて、初期振幅係数や減衰係数、振動周波数の新たな値をそれぞれ設定し、生成された振動パターンの駆動信号を振動子５に出力しても良い。制御部８がこのように構成されることにより、状況に応じて振動パターンを変更することができる。 Further, the vibration pattern is not registered in advance, but may be automatically generated based on various information input to the control unit 8. For example, when using a damped sine wave vibration as the vibration pattern, the control unit 8 sets and generates new values of the initial amplitude coefficient, the damping coefficient, and the vibration frequency according to the displacement amount of the operation unit 2 and other information. The drive signal of the vibration pattern thus formed may be output to the vibrator 5. By configuring the control unit 8 in this way, the vibration pattern can be changed according to the situation.
　また、上記実施形態では、操作部２の変位量Ｄを測定しているので、該操作部２の移動速度を検出することができる。この場合、制御部８は、操作部２の変位量Ｄと操作部２の変位開始からの経過時間に基づいて操作部２の変位速度を算出し、その変位速度に応じて、振動パターンを変更するように構成されていても良い。これにより、操作部２の操作速度に応じて、ユーザに呈示する触覚を変えることができる。すなわち、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを更に増やすことができる。例えば、ボタンをゆっくりと押し込んだ際には弱い振動を発生させ、ボタンを勢い良く押し込んだ際には強い振動を発生させるといったことも可能になる。 Further, in the above embodiment, since the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 is measured, the moving speed of the operation unit 2 can be detected. In this case, the control unit 8 calculates the displacement speed of the operation unit 2 based on the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 and the elapsed time from the start of the displacement of the operation unit 2, and changes the vibration pattern according to the displacement speed. It may be configured to. Thereby, according to the operation speed of the operation part 2, the tactile sense presented to the user can be changed. That is, it is possible to further increase tactile variations to be given to the user. For example, it is possible to generate a weak vibration when the button is pushed slowly, and to generate a strong vibration when the button is pushed vigorously.
　また、制御部８は、操作部２の変位速度に応じて、駆動信号を出力するための操作部２の変位量Ｄの閾値を変更するように構成されていても良い。これにより、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを更に増やすことができる。例えば、ボタンをゆっくりと押し込んだ際には、深い押し込み位置で振動を発生させ、ボタンを勢い良く押し込んだ際には、浅い押し込み位置で振動を発生させるといったことも可能になる。 Further, the control unit 8 may be configured to change the threshold value of the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 for outputting a drive signal according to the displacement speed of the operation unit 2. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. For example, when the button is slowly pushed in, vibration can be generated at a deep pushing position, and when the button is pushed in vigorously, vibration can be produced at a shallow pushing position.
　また、入力装置を操作する各ユーザは、年齢や性別等によってボタンを押す力や振動に対する感性が異なっている。このため、制御部８は、図４に示すように、入力されたユーザ情報（年齢、性別等）に応じて、振動パターンを変更するように構成されていても良い。これにより、所望の目的に沿った最適な触覚を各ユーザに提供することができる。 Also, each user who operates the input device has different sensibility to the force of pressing the button and vibration depending on the age and sex. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 8 may be configured to change the vibration pattern according to the input user information (age, sex, etc.). Thereby, the optimal tactile sense according to the desired objective can be provided to each user.
　さらに、制御部８は、ユーザ情報に応じて、駆動信号を出力する変位量Ｄの閾値を変更するように構成されていても良い。これにより、例えば力の弱い子供や高齢車等のユーザに対しては、ボタンの押し込み量が、駆動信号を出力するための通常設定の閾値に達していなくても、ボタンを振動させることができる。 Furthermore, the control unit 8 may be configured to change the threshold value of the displacement amount D for outputting the drive signal according to the user information. Thereby, for a user such as a weak child or an elderly car, for example, the button can be vibrated even if the push amount of the button does not reach the normal threshold value for outputting the drive signal. .
　ユーザ情報は、例えばユーザが入力作業を行ったり、機械側で自動的に生成することによって制御部８に入力される。弾球遊技機、回胴式遊技機、カジノ向けゲーミングマシン等の遊技機やアーケードゲーム等の場合、例えば、ユーザのプロフィールが入力されたスマートフォンでプロフィール送信用のＱＲコード（登録商標）を作成し、機械側に当該ＱＲコードを読み取らせることで制御部８にユーザ情報を入力する。家庭用ゲーム機やパソコン等では、例えばユーザが自身の情報を直接入力するか、Ｂｌｕｅｔｏｏｔｈ（登録商標）通信や無線ＬＡＮを介して、ユーザのスマートフォンからユーザ情報を制御部８に送信するようにしても良い。また、駅の券売機や銀行のＡＴＭ、自動販売機等では、例えば顔認証システムを用いて、制御部８がユーザ情報を自動生成しても良い。 The user information is input to the control unit 8 when the user performs an input operation or is automatically generated on the machine side, for example. In the case of a gaming machine such as a ball game machine, a revolving game machine, or a gaming machine for a casino, or an arcade game, for example, a QR code (registered trademark) for profile transmission is created on a smartphone in which a user profile is input. The user information is input to the control unit 8 by causing the machine side to read the QR code. In a home game machine or a personal computer, for example, the user directly inputs his / her information, or user information is transmitted from the user's smartphone to the control unit 8 via Bluetooth (registered trademark) communication or wireless LAN. Also good. In addition, in a ticket machine at a station, an ATM at a bank, a vending machine, or the like, the control unit 8 may automatically generate user information using, for example, a face authentication system.
　なお、ユーザ情報だけでなく、その他の情報に基づいて、振動パターンを変更したり、駆動信号を出力するための操作部２の変位量Ｄの閾値を変更するようにしても良い。これにより、例えばＦＰＳゲームにおいては、装備した銃の種類に応じてトリガーを引いた際に発生させる振動の大きさを変更したり、振動が生じるまでのトリガーの“遊び”を変更したりすることができる。また、弾球遊技機や回胴式遊技機等の遊技機においては、抽選結果に応じて演出用ボタン等を押した際に発生させる振動の大きさを変更したり、振動が生じるまでのボタンの押し込み量を変更したりすることができる。これにより、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションが増え、没入感を向上させることができる。 In addition, based on not only user information but other information, you may make it change the threshold value of the displacement amount D of the operation part 2 for changing a vibration pattern or outputting a drive signal. As a result, for example, in an FPS game, the magnitude of vibration generated when a trigger is pulled according to the type of gun equipped is changed, or the “play” of the trigger until the vibration occurs is changed. Can do. In addition, in game machines such as ball and ball game machines and swing-type game machines, buttons for changing the magnitude of vibration generated when a production button or the like is pressed according to the lottery result, or until a vibration occurs The pushing amount of can be changed. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to a user increases, and an immersion feeling can be improved.
　また、制御部８は、操作部２の最大変位後、操作部２が初期位置に戻るまでの間に駆動信号を出力するように構成しても良い。これにより、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを更に増やすことができる。例えば、ボタンを最下部まで押し込んだ後、ユーザが指を離す際に操作部２を振動させるといったことも可能になる。 Further, the control unit 8 may be configured to output a drive signal after the maximum displacement of the operation unit 2 and before the operation unit 2 returns to the initial position. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. For example, it is possible to vibrate the operation unit 2 when the user lifts the finger after pushing the button down to the bottom.
　また、制御部８は、操作部２の変位速度に応じて、操作部２の最大変位後、操作部２が初期位置に戻るまでの間に出力する駆動信号の振動パターンを変更するように構成しても良い。これにより、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを更に増やすことができる。例えば、ボタンを勢い良く押し込んだ際には、ユーザが指を離す時に強い振動を発生させ、ボタンをゆっくりと押し込んだ際には、ユーザが指を離す時に弱い振動を発生させるといったことも可能になる。 Further, the control unit 8 is configured to change the vibration pattern of the drive signal that is output until the operation unit 2 returns to the initial position after the maximum displacement of the operation unit 2 according to the displacement speed of the operation unit 2. You may do it. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. For example, when the button is pushed in vigorously, a strong vibration is generated when the user releases the finger, and when the button is pushed slowly, a weak vibration is generated when the user releases the finger. Become.
　また、上記実施形態では、操作部２の変位量Ｄが所定の閾値を超えた場合に駆動信号を出力することとしたが、操作部２の変位に対して連続的に駆動信号を出力しても良い。これにより、ユーザに付与する触覚のバリエーションを更に増やすことができる。例えば、ボタンの押し込み動作の開始から終了までの間、操作部２を振動させ続けるといったことも可能になる。
　また、振動子５は、ボイスコイル型振動子、偏心モータ、リニア振動子、圧電振動子等を用いることができる。
　さらに、振動子５に入力する振動パターンは、減衰正弦波振動に限らない。例えば、振動子５がボイスコイル型振動子の場合は、所定の音楽や効果音などの音情報（例えば、アナログ信号）であっても良い。 In the above embodiment, the drive signal is output when the displacement D of the operation unit 2 exceeds a predetermined threshold. However, the drive signal is output continuously with respect to the displacement of the operation unit 2. Also good. Thereby, the variation of the tactile sensation given to the user can be further increased. For example, it is possible to continue to vibrate the operation unit 2 from the start to the end of the button pressing operation.
The vibrator 5 may be a voice coil type vibrator, an eccentric motor, a linear vibrator, a piezoelectric vibrator, or the like.
Furthermore, the vibration pattern input to the vibrator 5 is not limited to damped sine wave vibration. For example, when the vibrator 5 is a voice coil type vibrator, sound information (for example, an analog signal) such as predetermined music or sound effects may be used.
　これまで説明した制御部８の変形例は、互いに組み合わせることが可能であり、各変形例を組み合わせることで、ユーザに提供する触覚のバリエーションは更に増えることになる。 The modified examples of the control unit 8 described so far can be combined with each other, and the combination of the modified examples further increases tactile variations provided to the user.
　また、本発明に係る入力装置は、操作部２が同一方向に変位する押ボタン式の入力装置に限定されず、荷重Ｆの入力に対して変位するような入力装置であれば良い。例えば、ジョイスティックやレバー、十字キー等の入力装置であっても、操作方向への操作部２の変位量Ｄを測定するように変位センサ７が設けられていれば、変位量Ｄに応じて操作部２を振動させることができる。 Further, the input device according to the present invention is not limited to the push button type input device in which the operation unit 2 is displaced in the same direction, and may be any input device that is displaced with respect to the input of the load F. For example, even in an input device such as a joystick, a lever, or a cross key, if the displacement sensor 7 is provided to measure the displacement amount D of the operation unit 2 in the operation direction, the operation is performed according to the displacement amount D. The part 2 can be vibrated.
　本発明に係る振動式入力装置は、パソコンやアーケードゲーム、家庭用ゲーム機、カジノ向けゲーミングマシン（スロットマシン、ビデオポーカー、ビデオルーレット、ビデオブラックジャック、ビデオキノ等）や弾球遊技機、回胴式遊技機等の遊技機、駅の券売機、銀行のＡＴＭ、自動販売機等の操作部が変位するボタンやレバー等を備えた機器に適用することができる。 The vibration input device according to the present invention includes a personal computer, an arcade game, a home game machine, a gaming machine for a casino (slot machine, video poker, video roulette, video blackjack, video keno, etc.), a ball game machine, a revolving type The present invention can be applied to devices equipped with buttons, levers, and the like that displace operation units, such as gaming machines such as gaming machines, station ticket machines, bank ATMs, and vending machines.
１　　押ボタン式入力装置
２　　操作部
４　　バネ
５　　振動子
 
  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pushbutton type input device 2 Operation part 4 Spring 5 Vibrator

Claims (6)

  1. 　荷重の入力に対して変位する操作部を備え、該変位された操作部が初期位置まで戻るように構成され、前記操作部に対する前記荷重の入力により該操作部が初期位置から所定距離だけ変位すると前記入力を受け付ける入力装置であって、
    　前記荷重の入力により前記操作部の変位が開始されてから、前記初期位置に戻るまでの間に前記操作部を振動させる手段を備える、振動式入力装置。     An operation unit that is displaced in response to an input of a load is provided, the displaced operation unit is configured to return to an initial position, and when the operation unit is displaced by a predetermined distance from the initial position by the input of the load to the operation unit. An input device for receiving the input,
    A vibration type input device comprising: means for vibrating the operation unit between the start of displacement of the operation unit by the input of the load and the return to the initial position.
  2. 　前記操作部を振動させる手段は、前記荷重の入力により前記操作部の変位が開始されてから、前記初期位置に戻るまでの間の少なくとも１回のタイミングで前記操作部を振動させる、請求項１に記載の振動式入力装置。 The means for vibrating the operation unit vibrates the operation unit at least once in a period from when the displacement of the operation unit is started by the input of the load to when the operation unit returns to the initial position. The vibratory input device described in 1.
  3. 　前記操作部を振動させる手段は、
    　所定の振動パターンの駆動信号を出力するように構成された制御部と、
    　前記駆動信号に応じて前記操作部を振動させる振動部と
    　を有する、請求項１又は２に記載の振動式入力装置。     The means for vibrating the operation unit is:
    A control unit configured to output a drive signal having a predetermined vibration pattern;
    The vibration input device according to claim 1, further comprising: a vibration unit that vibrates the operation unit according to the drive signal.
  4. 　前記制御部は、異なる複数の振動パターンの駆動信号を出力可能であり、該異なる複数の振動パターンのうち、外部から入力された指示信号に応じた駆動信号を出力するように構成されている、請求項３に記載の振動式入力装置。 The control unit can output drive signals of a plurality of different vibration patterns, and is configured to output a drive signal corresponding to an instruction signal input from the outside among the plurality of different vibration patterns. The vibration input device according to claim 3.
  5. 　前記操作部を振動させる手段は、前記操作部の初期位置に対する変位を測定する変位測定部を有し、該変位測定部による測定結果に応じて前記操作部を振動させる、請求項１乃至４のいずれか一項に記載の振動式入力装置。 The means for vibrating the operation unit includes a displacement measurement unit that measures a displacement of the operation unit with respect to an initial position, and vibrates the operation unit according to a measurement result by the displacement measurement unit. The vibration input device according to any one of the above.
  6. 　前記変位測定部による測定結果により、前記操作部の変位速度を取得する手段をさらに備え、
    　前記操作部を振動させる手段は、
    　異なる複数の振動パターンの駆動信号を出力するように構成された制御部と、
    　前記駆動信号に応じて前記操作部を振動させる振動部とを有し、
    　前記制御部は、前記異なる複数の振動パターンのうち前記取得された変位速度に応じた駆動信号を出力する、請求項５に記載の振動式入力装置。
          According to a measurement result by the displacement measurement unit, further comprising means for obtaining a displacement speed of the operation unit,
    The means for vibrating the operation unit is:
    A control unit configured to output drive signals of different vibration patterns;
    A vibration unit that vibrates the operation unit according to the drive signal,
    The vibration input device according to claim 5, wherein the control unit outputs a drive signal corresponding to the acquired displacement speed among the plurality of different vibration patterns.
PCT/JP2016/064342 2015-05-15 2016-05-13 Vibration-type input device WO2016186041A1 (en)

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