WO2016161929A1 - Adaptive wind collection type waterborne wind power station - Google Patents

Adaptive wind collection type waterborne wind power station Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016161929A1
WO2016161929A1 PCT/CN2016/078520 CN2016078520W WO2016161929A1 WO 2016161929 A1 WO2016161929 A1 WO 2016161929A1 CN 2016078520 W CN2016078520 W CN 2016078520W WO 2016161929 A1 WO2016161929 A1 WO 2016161929A1
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Prior art keywords
wind
floating body
wind power
air
collecting
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PCT/CN2016/078520
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈佳宇
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无锡科创知识产权服务有限公司
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Publication of WO2016161929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016161929A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/007—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with means for converting solar radiation into useful energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
    • H02S10/12—Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, in particular to an adaptive wind collecting type water wind power station using a floating water platform as a wind collecting device and a wind power generating set carrier.
  • Ocean energy belongs to clean energy, mainly including wind energy, wave energy, solar energy and ocean current energy.
  • the ocean can have a large amount of reserves in the total ocean water, and the energy per unit volume and unit area is small. In other words, if you want more energy, you have to get it from a large area of sea or a lot of sea water.
  • Ocean energy is renewable and can be said to be inexhaustible.
  • the ocean accounts for 70% of the Earth's surface and is the largest solar and wind energy absorber.
  • the wind energy transfer rate is related to the wind speed and also the distance between the wind and water.
  • the ocean's wave energy reserves are huge.
  • the moving waves contain about 300,000 kilowatts of energy, and the global wave energy that can be developed is about 3 billion kilowatts.
  • the wind speed over the Chinese sea is estimated to be above 7 m / s, that is, the wind power density is more than 200 watts per square meter.
  • the wind power density is more than 200 watts per square meter.
  • the annual average wave height is more than 2 meters. From this, it is estimated that the annual average wind power density above 70 meters is about 600 watts per square meter.
  • the wind energy and wave energy resources in China's seas are very rich and have commercial development value.
  • Wind turbines have horizontal and vertical axes.
  • Horizontal axis wind turbines have high power generation efficiency and usually need to be installed in the sky to obtain greater wind power density.
  • the installation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines is difficult. higher cost.
  • the wave energy generating device is nothing more than the use of the potential energy difference, reciprocating force and buoyancy of the wave motion to generate power.
  • FIG. 1 Chinese patent CN201210149837.3, on May 2, 2012, disclosed a floating offshore power generation platform with reinforced concrete structure, including platform main body, floating body wave energy collecting device, sea breeze energy collecting device and power generating device.
  • the fluid kinetic energy collected by all energy harvesting devices can be synchronously coupled and concentrated. It is expected to realize commercial applications that are safe, long-lived, large-scale, easy to maintain, and low-cost.
  • the floating power generation platform greatly increases the available sea area.
  • the invention is difficult to manufacture and high in cost, and has a large self-weight, and the weight of the load is limited.
  • the main body of the platform floats on the sea surface, and the survivability against strong sea waves is low.
  • the floating wind power base station is 120 meters high and was towed by three tugs to the sea more than 20 kilometers away from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.
  • the floating wind power base station has high cost and cannot comprehensively utilize wave energy and solar energy.
  • the Chinese invention patent CN201110263980.0 applied by the inventor on September 6, 2011 discloses a wind-solar complementary wave power station, including a pillar and a floating body, the pillar is fixed on the seabed, the floating body is provided with a pillar hole, and each pillar hole is sleeved.
  • a pillar the floating body is movably connected with the pillar and can reciprocate up and down with respect to the pillar; a linear generator is arranged between the floating body and the pillar.
  • the wave power station is composed of a plurality of independent floating bodies and pillars. Each of the pillars and the floating body is provided with a generator.
  • the upper end of the pillar is provided with a wind power generator, and the upper surface of the floating body is provided with a solar battery.
  • the invention arranges a plurality of floating bodies and pillars on which the generator is installed in the advancing direction of the wave, forms a power supply network through the wire connection, continuously collects the undulating energy in a large range, and aggregates the electric power generated by each generator through the power supply network. Achieve continuous power supply.
  • the invention only proposes comprehensive benefits in the offshore With wind, wave and solar solutions, no technical solutions for the combined use of wind, wave and solar energy in the sea off the coast have been proposed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wind-collecting water wind power station that automatically adapts to and follows the change of wind direction, and mainly adopts a floating water platform as a carrier of the wind collecting device and the wind power generating set.
  • the wind power station is also integrated with a wave energy generating device and a solar power generating device to improve the overall economic efficiency.
  • the adaptive wind collecting type wind power station comprises a wind collecting device and a wind power generating set, wherein the collecting device is provided with a collecting air outlet and an air outlet, the air collecting opening is larger than the air outlet, and the air outlet is directed to the wind power generating unit, and the air collecting device And the wind power generator is arranged on the floating body, the floating body floats in the water, and the floating body is rotatably connected with the mooring body fixed in the water through the connecting member; when the wind direction changes, the wind collecting device and the wind power generator can be together with the floating body on the water surface Rotating around the mooring body, so that the air collection opening is automatically adjusted to face the direction of the incoming wind.
  • the connecting member comprises a rigid connecting rod and a soft connecting cable.
  • the air collecting device comprises a rigid air deflector and/or a soft air guiding sail and a bracket, and at least two sets of brackets of different sizes are arranged between the air collecting opening and the air outlet.
  • An air deflector and/or a wind deflector are disposed between the two adjacent brackets, so that a duct that gradually shrinks the inner cavity is formed between the air collecting port and the air outlet.
  • the size of the air collecting opening can be adjusted; or the size of the wind collecting area of the wind deflecting plate and/or the wind deflecting sail can be adjusted; and the solar generating power is arranged on the floating body or the collecting device Device.
  • the bracket of the air collecting port comprises a column and a reinforcing cable, and the column is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the floating body, and the size of the air collecting port is changed by changing an angle between the column and the upper surface of the floating body;
  • the air deflector and/or the sail sail are arranged as a retractable or unfolded mounting connection to achieve guidance The wind collecting area of the wind deflector and/or the windsurfing can be adjusted.
  • the air outlet is provided with one or more wind power generator sets, and a dischargeable air outlet is arranged beside the air outlet.
  • the floating body is composed of a plurality of floating body units, and the floating body unit includes a floating body and a supporting column provided with a hollow sealed inner cavity.
  • the supporting column is disposed on the floating body, and the upper ends of the supporting columns of the adjacent floating unit are mutually
  • the connection constitutes a floating body platform; the wind collecting device and the wind power generator are arranged on a floating body platform, and the floating body floats on the water surface or is suspended under the water surface.
  • the floating body unit further includes a ballast device for increasing the weight of the floating body, the ballast device including a weight detachably connected to the floating body, and/or for
  • the water inlet and outlet device for injecting or discharging water in the floating body;
  • the water inlet and outlet device comprises a pump and an inlet and outlet interface provided on the floating body unit, the inlet and outlet interface is connected with the inner cavity of the floating body, and the inlet and outlet interface is provided with a control valve;
  • the support column and the floating body are configured as a whole structure, or the support column is connected and fixed to the floating body by a detachable mounting manner; the floating platform is installed or removed by the load, or is passed into the floating body through the water inlet and outlet device.
  • Injecting or discharging an appropriate amount of water into the cavity may cause the floating body to sink or rise; when the floating body is submerged and suspended under the water surface, at least a portion of the supporting column is exposed and held on the water surface, thereby realizing the floating platform and the surface of the water.
  • the height between the two can be adjusted.
  • a solar power generation device is disposed on the floating platform or on the wind collecting device.
  • a wave energy generating device is disposed on the floating platform and/or the floating body unit.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a floating water platform as a carrier of the wind collecting device and the wind power generator, and can automatically adapt and follow the change of the wind direction, so that the air collecting port is automatically adjusted to face the wind.
  • the wind power plant is also integrated with a wave energy generating device and a solar power generating device, which can improve the overall economic efficiency.
  • the invention adopts a floating body unit as an infrastructure of a power station, and the manufacturing cost thereof is relatively low, which is convenient for standardization, mass production and implementation.
  • the floating body unit is connected by a connecting member to form a frame structure, which is not only light in weight, high in strength, but also convenient for large-area installation and construction.
  • the floating body is suspended under the water surface and is less affected by wind and waves.
  • the wave energy generating device can suppress the rocking effect of the sea wave.
  • the water platform is higher than the water surface and has high strength. It has the ability to withstand strong wind and waves, thus ensuring the safe operation of the whole facility.
  • the invention realizes large-area collection of marine energy, reduces power generation cost, improves comprehensive power generation benefit, and provides a practical solution for large-scale, commercial development and utilization of marine energy and marine resources.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic right side view of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top plan view of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the column of Figure 2 after tilting.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic front view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic right side view of Fig. 5;
  • the adaptive wind collecting type wind power station comprises a wind collecting device 2 and a wind power generating unit 3, and the air collecting device 2 is provided with a collecting air outlet and an air outlet, and the air collecting opening is larger than the air outlet and the air outlet. Facing wind turbine 3.
  • the wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generator set 3 are disposed on the floating body 1, and the floating body 1 floats On the water surface 17, the floating body 1 is rotatably connected to the mooring body fixed in the water by the connecting member; when the wind direction is changed, the wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generating set 3 can rotate around the mooring body on the water surface together with the floating body 1. Thereby the air vent is automatically adjusted to face the direction of the wind.
  • the floating body 1 is set in the shape of a flat bottom boat and floats directly on the water surface.
  • the connecting member comprises a rigid connecting rod and a soft connecting cable, preferably a connecting cable, the mooring body preferably being a strut 4.
  • the floating body 1 of the present embodiment is rotatably connected to the support 4 fixed to the bottom by a cable 5.
  • the air collecting device 2 includes a rigid air deflector 6 and a soft air guiding sail 7 and a bracket 8.
  • the top surface of the air collecting device 2 of the present embodiment is a rigid air deflector 6
  • the soft sail 7 has a bracket frame structure composed of at least two uprights 9 and a beam or cable connected to the top end of the uprights 9.
  • a plurality of reinforcing columns and reinforcing cables may be disposed between the two outermost columns 9 of the bracket 8, and reinforcing rods or reinforcing cables are adopted between the adjacent two brackets 8. Connected and fixed.
  • two sets of brackets 8 of different sizes are disposed between the air collecting opening and the air outlet of the air collecting device 2, and the air guiding plate 6 and the air guiding sail 7 are installed between the two sets of brackets 8 to make the air collecting port come out.
  • a duct that gradually contracts the inner cavity is formed between the tuyées.
  • a solar power generation device 16 is provided on the floating body 1 or on the air collecting device 2.
  • the air duct of the present invention may also be entirely composed of a rigid wind deflector 6 or a soft wind deflector 7.
  • the size of the air collecting opening of the invention is designed to be adjustable, and the size of the wind collecting area of the air guiding plate and the air guiding sail can also be adjusted.
  • the specific technical solution is as follows:
  • the column 9 of the air collecting port bracket 8 is provided with a reinforcing cable 10, and the strength of the entire air collecting device 2 can be increased by the cable 10.
  • the upper surface of the column 9 and the floating body 1 are arranged in a rotatable connection manner.
  • the reinforcing cable 10 is retracted by the winding device, and the angle between the column 9 and the upper surface of the floating body 1 can be changed, thereby changing the size of the air collecting port.
  • the wind deflector 6 is composed of a plurality of block slats connected to each other, and the slats can be wound onto the reel by a winding device; the wind deflector 7 can also be wound onto the reel by a winding device; The size of the wind collecting area of the deflector 6 and the wind deflector 7 is adjusted by contracting or unwinding the wind deflector and the wind deflector.
  • a wind power generator set 3 is disposed, and a ventilating opening 18 that can be opened and closed is arranged beside the air outlet.
  • the air vent 18 is normally closed, and when a strong storm occurs, the wind turbine 3 is protected by opening the air vent 18.
  • the present invention can also provide two or more wind turbines at the air outlet. Before the occurrence of a strong storm, the method of removing the wind turbine is used to remove the position of the air outlet to protect the wind turbine.
  • the floating body 1 is set in the shape of a flat-bottomed ship, and floats directly on the water surface, and its ability to resist strong wind waves is low. Therefore, the first embodiment of the present invention is generally suitable for application to rivers, lakes or reservoirs with less wind and waves.
  • the floating body of the present invention is composed of a plurality of floating body units 11, and the floating body unit 11 includes a floating body 12 and a supporting column 13 provided with a hollow sealed inner cavity, and the supporting column 13 is disposed on the floating body 12.
  • the upper ends of the support columns 13 of the adjacent floating body units 11 are connected to each other to constitute a floating body platform 14, and the adjacent floating body bodies 12 are connected and fixed by the connecting columns 19.
  • the wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generator set 3 are disposed on the floating body platform 14, and the floating body 12 floats on the water surface or is suspended under the water surface.
  • the floating body unit 11 of the present embodiment further includes a ballast device for increasing the weight of the floating body 12, the ballast device including a weight detachably coupled to the floating body 12, and for injecting or discharging water into the floating body 12.
  • the water inlet and outlet device comprises a pump and an inlet and outlet port provided on the floating body unit 11, the inlet and outlet ports are in communication with the inner cavity of the floating body body 12, and the inlet and outlet ports are provided with a control valve.
  • the support post 13 and the floating body 12 are integrally formed, or the support post 13 is connected and fixed to the floating body 12 by a detachable mounting manner.
  • the floating body platform 14 can sink or rise the floating body 12 by installing or removing the carrier, or by injecting or discharging an appropriate amount of water into the inner cavity of the floating body 12 through the water inlet and outlet device; when the floating body 12 is submerged and suspended in the water surface At the bottom, at least a portion of the support post 13 is exposed and held on the water surface such that the float platform 14 remains above the water surface while achieving an adjustable height between the float platform 14 and the water surface.
  • the floating body 12 of the present invention can be made of reinforced concrete, high-strength composite material or metal material.
  • the floating body 12 is formed in a spherical, cylindrical, elliptical, cubic or rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the floating body unit 11 of the present embodiment is preferably a reinforced concrete floating ball.
  • the floating body unit 11 is provided with a power line interface, a signal line interface, a compressed gas pipe interface, and a hatch for personnel or equipment access.
  • a water level monitoring device is disposed in the floating body 12, and the water level monitoring device is connected to the signal line interface circuit; the floating body 12 is provided with a water inlet and outlet device, and the water inlet and outlet device is connected to the water inlet and outlet through a pipeline.
  • the embodiment of the wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generating set 3 on the floating body platform 14 of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the floating body platform 14 and the air collecting device 2 of the present invention are further provided with a solar power generating device, and the floating body platform 14 or the floating body unit 11 is provided with a wave energy generating device 15.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present invention is generally suitable for application to a sea with a large wind and wave.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

An adaptive wind collection type waterborne wind power station comprises a wind collection device (2) and a wind power generator set (3). The wind collection device (2) is provided with a wind collection port and a wind outlet, the wind outlet faces the wind power generator set (3), the wind collection device (2) and the wind power generator set (3) are arranged on a float (1), and the float (1) floats on the water surface and is rotatably connected to a mooring body by means of a connecting member; when the wind direction changes, the wind collection device (2) and the wind power generator set (3) rotate around the mooring body along with the float (1) on the water surface, so that the wind collection port is automatically adjusted to a direction facing the wind; the wind collection area can be adjusted; the float is formed by a plurality of floating units (11), each floating unit (11) comprises a floating body (12) and a supporting column (13), and the floating body (12) suspends underwater. The wind power station can automatically adapt to and follow changes in wind direction and has wave energy and solar power generation devices integrated and installed therein, so that the comprehensive economic efficiency is improved.

Description

自适应集风式水上风力发电站Adaptive wind-collecting water wind power station 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及风力发电技术领域，尤其是一种采用漂浮式水上平台作为集风装置和风力发电机组载体的自适应集风式水上风力发电站。The invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, in particular to an adaptive wind collecting type water wind power station using a floating water platform as a wind collecting device and a wind power generating set carrier.
背景技术Background technique
目前，人类利用能源的方式面临转型升级，特别是我国以燃煤为主的发电方式迫切需要用清洁能源取代。海洋能属于清洁能源，主要包括风能、波浪能、太阳能和海流能等，海洋能在海洋总水体中的蕴藏量巨大，而单位体积、单位面积所拥有的能量较小。也就是说，要想得到更多能量，就得从大面积海面或大量的海水中获得。海洋能具有可再生性，可以说取之不尽，用之不竭。At present, the way humans use energy is facing a transformation and upgrading. In particular, China's coal-based power generation methods urgently need to be replaced by clean energy. Ocean energy belongs to clean energy, mainly including wind energy, wave energy, solar energy and ocean current energy. The ocean can have a large amount of reserves in the total ocean water, and the energy per unit volume and unit area is small. In other words, if you want more energy, you have to get it from a large area of sea or a lot of sea water. Ocean energy is renewable and can be said to be inexhaustible.
海洋占地球表面的70％，是最大的太阳能和风能吸收器，风能量传递速率和风速有关，也和风与水相互作用的距离有关。海洋的波浪能储量巨大，在每平方公里的海面上，运动着的海浪蕴藏约30万千瓦的能量，全球可供开发的波浪能约30亿千瓦。The ocean accounts for 70% of the Earth's surface and is the largest solar and wind energy absorber. The wind energy transfer rate is related to the wind speed and also the distance between the wind and water. The ocean's wave energy reserves are huge. On the sea surface per square kilometer, the moving waves contain about 300,000 kilowatts of energy, and the global wave energy that can be developed is about 3 billion kilowatts.
据研究报告，中国海域上空的风速估计常年在7米/秒以上，即风能功率密度在每平方米200瓦以上，离岸越远，风能功率密度越高，总风能资源非常可观。在上海向东150公里的海域，年平均波浪高度在2米以上，由此推算，那里70米高上空年平均风能功率密度在每平方米六百瓦左右。总的来说，中国海域的风能和波浪能资源非常丰富，具有商业开发价值。According to the research report, the wind speed over the Chinese sea is estimated to be above 7 m / s, that is, the wind power density is more than 200 watts per square meter. The farther from the shore, the higher the wind power density, the total wind energy resources are very considerable. In the sea area 150 kilometers east of Shanghai, the annual average wave height is more than 2 meters. From this, it is estimated that the annual average wind power density above 70 meters is about 600 watts per square meter. In general, the wind energy and wave energy resources in China's seas are very rich and have commercial development value.
目前，风能发电装置和波浪能发电装置可谓五花八门。风力发电机组有水平轴和垂直轴之分，水平轴风力发电机组发电效率较高，通常需要安装在高空中，以获得更大的风能功率密度。但是，海上风力发电机组的安装和维护难度较大， 成本较高。At present, wind power generation devices and wave energy power generation devices can be described as various. Wind turbines have horizontal and vertical axes. Horizontal axis wind turbines have high power generation efficiency and usually need to be installed in the sky to obtain greater wind power density. However, the installation and maintenance of offshore wind turbines is difficult. higher cost.
波浪能发电装置无非是利用波浪运动的位能差、往复力、浮力产生动力，主要的利用方法有三种：1.利用海洋波浪推动转换装置上下运动带动发电机发电；2.利用海洋波浪推动转换装置前后摆动带动发电机发电；3.把大波浪的低压水变为小体积高压水送入高位水池积蓄起来，再推动下方水轮发电机发电。The wave energy generating device is nothing more than the use of the potential energy difference, reciprocating force and buoyancy of the wave motion to generate power. There are three main methods of utilization: 1. Using the ocean wave to push the up and down movement of the conversion device to drive the generator to generate electricity; 2. Using the ocean wave to promote the conversion The device swings forward and backward to drive the generator to generate electricity; 3. The large wave of low-pressure water is turned into a small volume of high-pressure water and sent to the high-level pool for accumulation, and then the lower hydro-generator is driven to generate electricity.
中国专利CN201210149837.3，于2012年5月2日公开了一种钢筋水泥结构的漂浮式海上发电平台，包括平台主体、浮体式波浪能收集装置、海风能量收集装置、发电装置。所有能量收集装置收集的流体运动能量都能同步偶合、集中发电。可望实现安全、长寿命、规模化、维护方便、低成本的商业化应用。漂浮式的发电平台使可利用的海域面积大大增加。但该发明的制造难度大、成本高，其自重较大，承载的重量受限，平台主体漂浮在海面上，抵御海上强风浪的生存能力较低。Chinese patent CN201210149837.3, on May 2, 2012, disclosed a floating offshore power generation platform with reinforced concrete structure, including platform main body, floating body wave energy collecting device, sea breeze energy collecting device and power generating device. The fluid kinetic energy collected by all energy harvesting devices can be synchronously coupled and concentrated. It is expected to realize commercial applications that are safe, long-lived, large-scale, easy to maintain, and low-cost. The floating power generation platform greatly increases the available sea area. However, the invention is difficult to manufacture and high in cost, and has a large self-weight, and the weight of the load is limited. The main body of the platform floats on the sea surface, and the survivability against strong sea waves is low.
据报道，2013年11月12日，世界第一座海上浮动式风力发电基站在日本福岛县近海投入运营。该浮动式风力发电基站高120米，被三艘拖轮拖到距离福岛第一核电站20余公里的海上，并开始发电。该浮动式风力发电基站的成本高，不能综合利用波浪能和太阳能。According to reports, on November 12, 2013, the world's first offshore floating wind power base station was put into operation offshore of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. The floating wind power base station is 120 meters high and was towed by three tugs to the sea more than 20 kilometers away from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. The floating wind power base station has high cost and cannot comprehensively utilize wave energy and solar energy.
本发明人于2011年9月6日申请的中国发明专利CN201110263980.0，公开了风光互补波浪发电站，包括支柱和浮体，支柱固定在海床上，浮体设有支柱孔，每个支柱孔中套设有一根支柱，浮体与支柱活动连接并可以相对支柱上下往复运动；浮体和支柱之间设有直线发电机。波浪发电站由若干独立的浮体和支柱组成，每一支柱与浮体之间都设有发电机，支柱上端设有风力发电机，浮体上表面设有太阳能电池。本发明在波浪的前进方向布置若干安装有发电机的浮体和支柱，通过导线连接形成供电网络，在较大范围内不间断采集波浪起伏的能量，将各个发电机产生的电量通过供电网络汇聚，实现持续供电。该发明只提出在近海综合利 用风能、波浪能和太阳能的解决方案，未提出在远离海岸的海域综合利用风能、波浪能和太阳能的技术方案。The Chinese invention patent CN201110263980.0 applied by the inventor on September 6, 2011 discloses a wind-solar complementary wave power station, including a pillar and a floating body, the pillar is fixed on the seabed, the floating body is provided with a pillar hole, and each pillar hole is sleeved. There is a pillar, the floating body is movably connected with the pillar and can reciprocate up and down with respect to the pillar; a linear generator is arranged between the floating body and the pillar. The wave power station is composed of a plurality of independent floating bodies and pillars. Each of the pillars and the floating body is provided with a generator. The upper end of the pillar is provided with a wind power generator, and the upper surface of the floating body is provided with a solar battery. The invention arranges a plurality of floating bodies and pillars on which the generator is installed in the advancing direction of the wave, forms a power supply network through the wire connection, continuously collects the undulating energy in a large range, and aggregates the electric power generated by each generator through the power supply network. Achieve continuous power supply. The invention only proposes comprehensive benefits in the offshore With wind, wave and solar solutions, no technical solutions for the combined use of wind, wave and solar energy in the sea off the coast have been proposed.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种自动适应并跟随风向变化的集风式水上风力发电站，主要采用漂浮式水上平台作为集风装置和风力发电机组的载体。该风力发电站同时集成安装有波浪能发电装置和太阳能发电装置，以提高综合经济效益。The object of the present invention is to provide a wind-collecting water wind power station that automatically adapts to and follows the change of wind direction, and mainly adopts a floating water platform as a carrier of the wind collecting device and the wind power generating set. The wind power station is also integrated with a wave energy generating device and a solar power generating device to improve the overall economic efficiency.
本发明的目的是通过采用以下技术方案来实现的：The object of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:
自适应集风式水上风力发电站，包括集风装置和风力发电机组，所述集风装置设有集风口和出风口，集风口大于出风口，出风口朝向风力发电机组，所述集风装置和风力发电机组设在浮体上，浮体漂浮在水中，浮体通过连接构件与固定在水中的系泊体可转动连接；在风向改变时，所述集风装置与风力发电机组能够随浮体一起在水面上围绕系泊体转动，从而使集风口自动调整到面对来风的方向。The adaptive wind collecting type wind power station comprises a wind collecting device and a wind power generating set, wherein the collecting device is provided with a collecting air outlet and an air outlet, the air collecting opening is larger than the air outlet, and the air outlet is directed to the wind power generating unit, and the air collecting device And the wind power generator is arranged on the floating body, the floating body floats in the water, and the floating body is rotatably connected with the mooring body fixed in the water through the connecting member; when the wind direction changes, the wind collecting device and the wind power generator can be together with the floating body on the water surface Rotating around the mooring body, so that the air collection opening is automatically adjusted to face the direction of the incoming wind.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述连接构件包括硬质的连接杆和软质的连接缆绳。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the connecting member comprises a rigid connecting rod and a soft connecting cable.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述集风装置包括硬质的导风板和/或软质的导风帆以及支架，所述集风口与出风口之间至少设有两组大小不等的支架，相邻两组支架之间设有导风板和/或导风帆，从而使集风口到出风口之间形成内腔逐渐收缩的风道。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the air collecting device comprises a rigid air deflector and/or a soft air guiding sail and a bracket, and at least two sets of brackets of different sizes are arranged between the air collecting opening and the air outlet. An air deflector and/or a wind deflector are disposed between the two adjacent brackets, so that a duct that gradually shrinks the inner cavity is formed between the air collecting port and the air outlet.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述集风口的大小可以调节；或，所述导风板和/或导风帆的集风面积大小可以调节；所述浮体上或集风装置上设有太阳能发电装置。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the size of the air collecting opening can be adjusted; or the size of the wind collecting area of the wind deflecting plate and/or the wind deflecting sail can be adjusted; and the solar generating power is arranged on the floating body or the collecting device Device.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述集风口的支架包括立柱和加强索，立柱与所述浮体的上表面可转动连接，通过改变立柱与浮体上表面的夹角实现改变集风口的大小；所述导风板和/或导风帆设为可收缩或展开的安装连接方式，实现导 风板和/或导风帆的集风面积大小可调节。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bracket of the air collecting port comprises a column and a reinforcing cable, and the column is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the floating body, and the size of the air collecting port is changed by changing an angle between the column and the upper surface of the floating body; The air deflector and/or the sail sail are arranged as a retractable or unfolded mounting connection to achieve guidance The wind collecting area of the wind deflector and/or the windsurfing can be adjusted.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述出风口设有一台或一台以上风力发电机组，出风口的旁边设有可开关的泄风口。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the air outlet is provided with one or more wind power generator sets, and a dischargeable air outlet is arranged beside the air outlet.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述浮体由若干浮体单元构成，浮体单元包括设有中空密闭内腔的浮体本体和支承柱，支承柱设在浮体本体上，相邻浮体单元的支承柱上端相互连接构成浮体平台；所述集风装置和风力发电机组设在浮体平台上，所述浮体本体漂浮在水面上或悬浮在水面下。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the floating body is composed of a plurality of floating body units, and the floating body unit includes a floating body and a supporting column provided with a hollow sealed inner cavity. The supporting column is disposed on the floating body, and the upper ends of the supporting columns of the adjacent floating unit are mutually The connection constitutes a floating body platform; the wind collecting device and the wind power generator are arranged on a floating body platform, and the floating body floats on the water surface or is suspended under the water surface.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述浮体单元还包括用于增加浮体本体承载重量的压载装置，所述压载装置包括与浮体本体可拆卸连接的配重块，和/或，用于向浮体本体内注入或排出水的进排水装置；所述进排水装置包括泵和设在浮体单元上的进排水接口，进排水接口与浮体本体的内腔连通，进排水接口设有控制阀；所述支承柱与浮体本体设为整体结构，或，支承柱通过可拆卸的安装方式与浮体本体连接和固定；所述浮体平台通过安装或移去承载物，或，通过进排水装置向浮体本体内腔中注入或排出适量的水，可以使浮体本体下沉或上升；当浮体本体淹没并悬浮在水面下时，所述支承柱的至少一部分露出并保持在水面上，从而实现浮体平台与水面之间的高度可调节。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the floating body unit further includes a ballast device for increasing the weight of the floating body, the ballast device including a weight detachably connected to the floating body, and/or for The water inlet and outlet device for injecting or discharging water in the floating body; the water inlet and outlet device comprises a pump and an inlet and outlet interface provided on the floating body unit, the inlet and outlet interface is connected with the inner cavity of the floating body, and the inlet and outlet interface is provided with a control valve; The support column and the floating body are configured as a whole structure, or the support column is connected and fixed to the floating body by a detachable mounting manner; the floating platform is installed or removed by the load, or is passed into the floating body through the water inlet and outlet device. Injecting or discharging an appropriate amount of water into the cavity may cause the floating body to sink or rise; when the floating body is submerged and suspended under the water surface, at least a portion of the supporting column is exposed and held on the water surface, thereby realizing the floating platform and the surface of the water. The height between the two can be adjusted.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述浮体平台上或集风装置上设有太阳能发电装置。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a solar power generation device is disposed on the floating platform or on the wind collecting device.
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述浮体平台和/或浮体单元上设有波浪能发电装置。As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a wave energy generating device is disposed on the floating platform and/or the floating body unit.
本发明的有益效果是：相对于现有技术，本发明采用漂浮式水上平台作为集风装置和风力发电机组的载体，能自动适应并跟随风向的变化，使集风口自动调整到面对来风的方向。该风力发电站同时集成安装有波浪能发电装置和太阳能发电装置，能够提高综合经济效益。 The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a floating water platform as a carrier of the wind collecting device and the wind power generator, and can automatically adapt and follow the change of the wind direction, so that the air collecting port is automatically adjusted to face the wind. The direction. The wind power plant is also integrated with a wave energy generating device and a solar power generating device, which can improve the overall economic efficiency.
本发明采用浮体单元作为发电站的基础设施，其制造成本相对较低，便于标准化、大批量制造和实施。浮体单元通过连接构件连接形成框架结构，不仅重量轻，强度高，而且便于大面积安装施工。浮体本体悬浮在水面下，受风浪的影响小，波浪能发电装置能抑制海浪的摇摆作用，水上平台高于水面、强度高，具备抵御强风浪的能力，从而能够保证整体设施的安全运行。本发明实现大面积采集海洋能量，降低发电成本，提高综合发电效益，为大规模、商业化开发利用海洋能源与海洋资源提供了切实可行的解决方案。The invention adopts a floating body unit as an infrastructure of a power station, and the manufacturing cost thereof is relatively low, which is convenient for standardization, mass production and implementation. The floating body unit is connected by a connecting member to form a frame structure, which is not only light in weight, high in strength, but also convenient for large-area installation and construction. The floating body is suspended under the water surface and is less affected by wind and waves. The wave energy generating device can suppress the rocking effect of the sea wave. The water platform is higher than the water surface and has high strength. It has the ability to withstand strong wind and waves, thus ensuring the safe operation of the whole facility. The invention realizes large-area collection of marine energy, reduces power generation cost, improves comprehensive power generation benefit, and provides a practical solution for large-scale, commercial development and utilization of marine energy and marine resources.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明实施例一的主视结构示意图。1 is a schematic front view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
图2是图1的右视结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic right side view of Figure 1.
图3是图1的俯视结构示意图。3 is a schematic top plan view of FIG. 1.
图4是图2中立柱倾斜后的结构示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the column of Figure 2 after tilting.
图5是本发明实施例二的主视结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic front view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.
图6是图5的右视结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic right side view of Fig. 5;
图中：1、浮体，2、集风装置，3、风力发电机组，4、支柱，5、缆绳，6、导风板，7、导风帆，8、支架，9、立柱，10、拉索，11、浮体单元，12、浮体本体，13、支承柱，14、浮体平台，15、波浪能发电装置，16、太阳能发电装置，17、水面，18、泄风口，19、连接柱。In the figure: 1, floating body, 2, wind collecting device, 3, wind turbine, 4, pillar, 5, cable, 6, wind deflector, 7, wind sail, 8, bracket, 9, column, 10, cable 11, floating body unit, 12, floating body, 13, support column, 14, floating platform, 15, wave energy generation device, 16, solar power generation device, 17, water surface, 18, air outlet, 19, connecting column.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图与具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
实施例一 Embodiment 1
如图1至图4所示，自适应集风式水上风力发电站，包括集风装置2和风力发电机组3，集风装置2设有集风口和出风口，集风口大于出风口，出风口朝向风力发电机组3。所述集风装置2和风力发电机组3设在浮体1上，浮体1漂浮 在水面17上，浮体1通过连接构件与固定在水中的系泊体可转动连接；在风向改变时，集风装置2与风力发电机组3能够随浮体1一起在水面上围绕系泊体转动，从而使集风口自动调整到面对来风的方向。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the adaptive wind collecting type wind power station comprises a wind collecting device 2 and a wind power generating unit 3, and the air collecting device 2 is provided with a collecting air outlet and an air outlet, and the air collecting opening is larger than the air outlet and the air outlet. Facing wind turbine 3. The wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generator set 3 are disposed on the floating body 1, and the floating body 1 floats On the water surface 17, the floating body 1 is rotatably connected to the mooring body fixed in the water by the connecting member; when the wind direction is changed, the wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generating set 3 can rotate around the mooring body on the water surface together with the floating body 1. Thereby the air vent is automatically adjusted to face the direction of the wind.
本实施例中，浮体1设为平底船形状，直接漂浮在水面上。所述连接构件包括硬质的连接杆和软质的连接缆绳，优选连接缆绳，所述系泊体优选为支柱4。本实施例浮体1通过缆绳5与固定在水底的支柱4可转动连接。所述集风装置2包括硬质的导风板6和软质的导风帆7以及支架8，本实施例集风装置2的顶面设为硬质的导风板6，其两侧设为软质的导风帆7，支架8由至少两根立柱9和连接在立柱9顶端的横梁或钢索构成门框形结构。为增加支架8以及集风装置2的强度，支架8最外侧的两根立柱9之间还可以设置多个加强立柱及加强拉索，相邻两组支架8之间采用加强拉杆或加强拉索连接和固定。In the present embodiment, the floating body 1 is set in the shape of a flat bottom boat and floats directly on the water surface. The connecting member comprises a rigid connecting rod and a soft connecting cable, preferably a connecting cable, the mooring body preferably being a strut 4. The floating body 1 of the present embodiment is rotatably connected to the support 4 fixed to the bottom by a cable 5. The air collecting device 2 includes a rigid air deflector 6 and a soft air guiding sail 7 and a bracket 8. The top surface of the air collecting device 2 of the present embodiment is a rigid air deflector 6 The soft sail 7 has a bracket frame structure composed of at least two uprights 9 and a beam or cable connected to the top end of the uprights 9. In order to increase the strength of the bracket 8 and the wind collecting device 2, a plurality of reinforcing columns and reinforcing cables may be disposed between the two outermost columns 9 of the bracket 8, and reinforcing rods or reinforcing cables are adopted between the adjacent two brackets 8. Connected and fixed.
本实施例集风装置2的集风口与出风口之间设有两组大小不等的支架8，相邻两组支架8之间安装连接导风板6和导风帆7，使集风口到出风口之间形成内腔逐渐收缩的风道。所述浮体1上或集风装置2上设有太阳能发电装置16。本发明风道也可以全部由硬质的导风板6或软质的导风帆7构成。In the present embodiment, two sets of brackets 8 of different sizes are disposed between the air collecting opening and the air outlet of the air collecting device 2, and the air guiding plate 6 and the air guiding sail 7 are installed between the two sets of brackets 8 to make the air collecting port come out. A duct that gradually contracts the inner cavity is formed between the tuyères. A solar power generation device 16 is provided on the floating body 1 or on the air collecting device 2. The air duct of the present invention may also be entirely composed of a rigid wind deflector 6 or a soft wind deflector 7.
为了在强风暴发生时，能够有效保护集风装置2和风力发电机组3的安全。本发明集风口的大小设计为可调节方式，导风板和导风帆的集风面积大小也可以调节。具体技术方案如下：集风口支架8的立柱9上设置有加强拉索10，通过拉索10可以增加整个集风装置2的强度。立柱9与浮体1的上表面设置为可转动的连接方式，通过卷绕设备收放加强拉索10，可以改变立柱9与浮体1上表面的夹角，从而实现改变集风口的大小。所述导风板6由若干块状板条相互连接组成，板条可以通过卷绕设备卷绕到卷轴上；所述导风帆7也可以通过卷绕设备卷绕到卷轴上；通过控制装置自动收缩或展开导风板和导风帆，实现调节导风板6和导风帆7的集风面积大小。 In order to effectively protect the safety of the wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generating unit 3 when a strong storm occurs. The size of the air collecting opening of the invention is designed to be adjustable, and the size of the wind collecting area of the air guiding plate and the air guiding sail can also be adjusted. The specific technical solution is as follows: The column 9 of the air collecting port bracket 8 is provided with a reinforcing cable 10, and the strength of the entire air collecting device 2 can be increased by the cable 10. The upper surface of the column 9 and the floating body 1 are arranged in a rotatable connection manner. The reinforcing cable 10 is retracted by the winding device, and the angle between the column 9 and the upper surface of the floating body 1 can be changed, thereby changing the size of the air collecting port. The wind deflector 6 is composed of a plurality of block slats connected to each other, and the slats can be wound onto the reel by a winding device; the wind deflector 7 can also be wound onto the reel by a winding device; The size of the wind collecting area of the deflector 6 and the wind deflector 7 is adjusted by contracting or unwinding the wind deflector and the wind deflector.
本实施例出风口设有一台风力发电机组3，出风口的旁边设有可以开关的泄风口18。泄风口18平时处于关闭状态，当强风暴发生时，通过打开泄风口18来保护风力发电机组3的安全。本发明也可以在出风口设置两台或两台以上风力发电机组。在强风暴发生之前，采用移去风力发电机组的方法，使其离开出风口位置，从而达到保护风力发电机组的目的。In the air outlet of the embodiment, a wind power generator set 3 is disposed, and a ventilating opening 18 that can be opened and closed is arranged beside the air outlet. The air vent 18 is normally closed, and when a strong storm occurs, the wind turbine 3 is protected by opening the air vent 18. The present invention can also provide two or more wind turbines at the air outlet. Before the occurrence of a strong storm, the method of removing the wind turbine is used to remove the position of the air outlet to protect the wind turbine.
本实施例浮体1设为平底船形状，直接漂浮在水面上，其抵抗强风浪的能力较低。因此，本发明实施例一通常适合应用于风浪较小的江、湖或水库。In the present embodiment, the floating body 1 is set in the shape of a flat-bottomed ship, and floats directly on the water surface, and its ability to resist strong wind waves is low. Therefore, the first embodiment of the present invention is generally suitable for application to rivers, lakes or reservoirs with less wind and waves.
实施例二 Embodiment 2
如图5和图6所示，本发明所述浮体由若干浮体单元11构成，浮体单元11包括设有中空密闭内腔的浮体本体12和支承柱13，支承柱13设在浮体本体12上，相邻的浮体单元11的支承柱13上端相互连接构成浮体平台14，相邻的浮体本体12之间通过连接柱19连接和固定。所述集风装置2和风力发电机组3设在浮体平台14上，浮体本体12漂浮在水面上或悬浮在水面下。As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the floating body of the present invention is composed of a plurality of floating body units 11, and the floating body unit 11 includes a floating body 12 and a supporting column 13 provided with a hollow sealed inner cavity, and the supporting column 13 is disposed on the floating body 12. The upper ends of the support columns 13 of the adjacent floating body units 11 are connected to each other to constitute a floating body platform 14, and the adjacent floating body bodies 12 are connected and fixed by the connecting columns 19. The wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generator set 3 are disposed on the floating body platform 14, and the floating body 12 floats on the water surface or is suspended under the water surface.
本实施例浮体单元11还包括用于增加浮体本体12承载重量的压载装置，压载装置包括与浮体本体12可拆卸连接的配重块，和用于向浮体本体12内注入或排出水的进排水装置；进排水装置包括泵和设在浮体单元11上的进排水接口，进排水接口与浮体本体12的内腔连通，进排水接口设有控制阀。The floating body unit 11 of the present embodiment further includes a ballast device for increasing the weight of the floating body 12, the ballast device including a weight detachably coupled to the floating body 12, and for injecting or discharging water into the floating body 12. The water inlet and outlet device comprises a pump and an inlet and outlet port provided on the floating body unit 11, the inlet and outlet ports are in communication with the inner cavity of the floating body body 12, and the inlet and outlet ports are provided with a control valve.
所述支承柱13与浮体本体12设为整体结构，或，支承柱13通过可拆卸的安装方式与浮体本体12连接和固定。浮体平台14通过安装或移去承载物，或，通过进排水装置向浮体本体12内腔中注入或排出适量的水，可以使浮体本体12下沉或上升；当浮体本体12淹没并悬浮在水面下时，支承柱13的至少一部分露出并保持在水面上，从而使得浮体平台14保持在水面以上，同时实现浮体平台14与水面之间的高度可调节。The support post 13 and the floating body 12 are integrally formed, or the support post 13 is connected and fixed to the floating body 12 by a detachable mounting manner. The floating body platform 14 can sink or rise the floating body 12 by installing or removing the carrier, or by injecting or discharging an appropriate amount of water into the inner cavity of the floating body 12 through the water inlet and outlet device; when the floating body 12 is submerged and suspended in the water surface At the bottom, at least a portion of the support post 13 is exposed and held on the water surface such that the float platform 14 remains above the water surface while achieving an adjustable height between the float platform 14 and the water surface.
本发明浮体本体12可以由钢筋混凝土、高强度复合材料或金属材料制成， 浮体本体12设为球形、圆柱形、椭圆形、立方体或长方体结构。本实施例浮体单元11优选为钢筋混凝土浮球。浮体单元11设有电源线接口、信号线接口、压缩气体管道接口以及用于人员或设备出入的舱门。浮体本体12内设有水位监测装置，水位监测装置与所述信号线接口电路连接；浮体本体12内安装有进排水装置，进排水装置通过管道与进排水接口连接。The floating body 12 of the present invention can be made of reinforced concrete, high-strength composite material or metal material. The floating body 12 is formed in a spherical, cylindrical, elliptical, cubic or rectangular parallelepiped structure. The floating body unit 11 of the present embodiment is preferably a reinforced concrete floating ball. The floating body unit 11 is provided with a power line interface, a signal line interface, a compressed gas pipe interface, and a hatch for personnel or equipment access. A water level monitoring device is disposed in the floating body 12, and the water level monitoring device is connected to the signal line interface circuit; the floating body 12 is provided with a water inlet and outlet device, and the water inlet and outlet device is connected to the water inlet and outlet through a pipeline.
本实施例集风装置2和风力发电机组3在浮体平台14上的实施方式与实施例一相同。本发明浮体平台14和集风装置2上还设有太阳能发电装置，浮体平台14或浮体单元11上设有波浪能发电装置15。以进一步增加本发明风力发电站的发电能力，从而降低运营成本和输出的电价，提高商业价值和综合经济效益。本发明实施例二通常适合应用于风浪较大的海洋。The embodiment of the wind collecting device 2 and the wind power generating set 3 on the floating body platform 14 of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. The floating body platform 14 and the air collecting device 2 of the present invention are further provided with a solar power generating device, and the floating body platform 14 or the floating body unit 11 is provided with a wave energy generating device 15. To further increase the power generation capacity of the wind power plant of the present invention, thereby reducing operating costs and output electricity prices, and improving commercial value and comprehensive economic benefits. Embodiment 2 of the present invention is generally suitable for application to a sea with a large wind and wave.
上述实施例仅限于说明本发明的构思和技术方案，其目的在于让本领域的技术人员了解发明的技术特征和实施方式，并不能据此限制本发明的保护范围。凡是根据本发明技术方案所作的等同替换或等效变化，都应涵盖在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。 The above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to understand the technical features and embodiments of the invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or equivalent changes made in accordance with the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自适应集风式水上风力发电站，包括集风装置和风力发电机组，所述集风装置设有集风口和出风口，集风口大于出风口，出风口朝向风力发电机组，其特征是：所述集风装置和风力发电机组设在浮体上，浮体漂浮在水中，浮体通过连接构件与固定在水中的系泊体可转动连接；在风向改变时，所述集风装置与风力发电机组能够随浮体一起在水面上围绕系泊体转动，从而使集风口自动调整到面对来风的方向。An adaptive wind collecting type wind power station comprises a wind collecting device and a wind power generating set, wherein the collecting device is provided with a collecting port and an air outlet, the collecting port is larger than the air outlet, and the air outlet is directed to the wind power generator, wherein The wind collecting device and the wind power generator are arranged on the floating body, the floating body floats in the water, and the floating body is rotatably connected with the mooring body fixed in the water through the connecting member; when the wind direction changes, the collecting device and the wind power generating unit It can rotate around the mooring body along the floating body with the floating body, so that the air collecting port is automatically adjusted to face the direction of the incoming wind.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述连接构件包括硬质的连接杆和软质的连接缆绳。The adaptive wind collecting type offshore wind power station according to claim 1, wherein said connecting member comprises a rigid connecting rod and a soft connecting cable.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述集风装置包括硬质的导风板和/或软质的导风帆以及支架，所述集风口与出风口之间至少设有两组大小不等的支架，相邻两组支架之间设有导风板和/或导风帆，从而使集风口到出风口之间形成内腔逐渐收缩的风道。The adaptive wind collecting type offshore wind power station according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air collecting device comprises a rigid wind deflector and/or a soft wind deflector and a bracket, the air collecting port There are at least two sets of brackets of different sizes between the air outlets, and air deflectors and/or sails are arranged between the two sets of brackets, so that a wind that gradually shrinks between the air outlets and the air outlets is formed. Road.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述集风口的大小可以调节；或，所述导风板和/或导风帆的集风面积大小可以调节；所述浮体上或集风装置上设有太阳能发电装置。The adaptive wind collecting type offshore wind power station according to claim 3, wherein the size of the air collecting opening is adjustable; or the size of the wind collecting area of the wind deflecting plate and/or the wind deflecting sail can be adjusted; A solar power generation device is disposed on the floating body or on the wind collecting device.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述集风口的支架包括立柱和加强索，立柱与所述浮体的上表面可转动连接，通过改变立柱与浮体上表面的夹角实现改变集风口的大小；所述导风板和/或导风帆设为可收缩或展开的安装连接方式，实现导风板和/或导风帆的集风面积大小可调节。The adaptive wind collecting type offshore wind power station according to claim 4, wherein the bracket of the air collecting port comprises a column and a reinforcing cable, and the column is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the floating body, by changing the column and the floating body The angle of the upper surface is such that the size of the air vent is changed; the air deflector and/or the wind deflector are arranged in a retractable or unfolded mounting connection, and the size of the wind collecting area of the wind deflector and/or the wind deflector can be adjusted.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述出风口设有一台或一台以上风力发电机组，出风口的旁边设有可开关的泄风口。 The adaptive wind collecting type water wind power station according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet is provided with one or more wind power generator sets, and a switchable air outlet is arranged beside the air outlet.
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述浮体由若干浮体单元构成，浮体单元包括设有中空密闭内腔的浮体本体和支承柱，支承柱设在浮体本体上，相邻浮体单元的支承柱上端相互连接构成浮体平台；所述集风装置和风力发电机组设在浮体平台上，所述浮体本体漂浮在水面上或悬浮在水面下。The adaptive wind collecting type offshore wind power station according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the floating body is composed of a plurality of floating body units, and the floating body unit comprises a floating body and a supporting column provided with a hollow sealed inner cavity, and the supporting column The floating body body is disposed on the floating body, and the upper ends of the supporting columns of the adjacent floating body units are connected to each other to form a floating body platform; the wind collecting device and the wind power generating unit are disposed on the floating body platform, and the floating body is floating on the water surface or suspended under the water surface.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述浮体单元还包括用于增加浮体本体承载重量的压载装置，所述压载装置包括与浮体本体可拆卸连接的配重块，和/或，用于向浮体本体内注入或排出水的进排水装置；The adaptive wind collecting type offshore wind power station according to claim 7, wherein the floating body unit further comprises a ballast device for increasing the weight of the floating body, the ballast device comprising the detachable body and the floating body. Connected weights, and/or water inlet and outlet devices for injecting or discharging water into the body of the floating body;
    所述进排水装置包括泵和设在浮体单元上的进排水接口，进排水接口与浮体本体的内腔连通，进排水接口设有控制阀；The water inlet and outlet device comprises a pump and an inlet and outlet interface provided on the floating body unit, the inlet and outlet interface is connected with the inner cavity of the floating body, and the inlet and outlet interface is provided with a control valve;
    所述支承柱与浮体本体设为整体结构，或，支承柱通过可拆卸的安装方式与浮体本体连接和固定；The support post and the floating body are configured as a unitary structure, or the support post is connected and fixed to the floating body by a detachable mounting manner;
    所述浮体平台通过安装或移去承载物，或，通过进排水装置向浮体本体内腔中注入或排出适量的水，可以使浮体本体下沉或上升；当浮体本体淹没并悬浮在水面下时，所述支承柱的至少一部分露出并保持在水面上，从而实现浮体平台与水面之间的高度可调节。The floating body platform can sink or rise the floating body body by installing or removing the carrier, or by injecting or discharging an appropriate amount of water into the body cavity of the floating body through the water inlet and outlet device; when the floating body is submerged and suspended under the water surface At least a portion of the support post is exposed and retained on the water surface to achieve an adjustable height between the floating platform and the water surface.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述浮体平台上或集风装置上设有太阳能发电装置。The adaptive wind collecting type offshore wind power station according to claim 8, wherein the floating body platform or the wind collecting device is provided with a solar power generating device.
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的自适应集风式水上风力发电站，其特征是：所述浮体平台和/或浮体单元上设有波浪能发电装置。 The adaptive wind collecting type offshore wind power station according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the floating body platform and/or the floating body unit is provided with a wave energy generating device.
PCT/CN2016/078520 2015-04-06 2016-04-06 Adaptive wind collection type waterborne wind power station WO2016161929A1 (en)

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