WO2016159336A1 - 尿素製造方法 - Google Patents
尿素製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016159336A1 WO2016159336A1 PCT/JP2016/060884 JP2016060884W WO2016159336A1 WO 2016159336 A1 WO2016159336 A1 WO 2016159336A1 JP 2016060884 W JP2016060884 W JP 2016060884W WO 2016159336 A1 WO2016159336 A1 WO 2016159336A1
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- urea
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C273/00—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C273/02—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds
- C07C273/14—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C273/16—Separation; Purification
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/30—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic using agents to prevent the granules sticking together; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C273/00—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C273/02—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds
- C07C273/14—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing urea. Specifically, the present invention relates to a urea production method including a step of producing solid urea by adding an additive to a synthesized aqueous urea solution. The present invention is a method for reducing the adverse effects that may be caused by adding an additive in a urea production method.
- Solid urea is one of the main products of a urea plant that synthesizes urea.
- the production process of solid urea is usually a process set on the downstream side of the urea synthesis process of the urea plant.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a process for producing solid urea.
- the urea aqueous solution sent from the urea synthesis step by line 1 is first supplied to the concentration step A, and the moisture in the urea aqueous solution is removed to form a concentrated urea solution. Then, the concentrated urea solution is supplied to the granulation step B for producing solid urea via the line 2.
- granular solid urea is produced using a known granulator (line 3).
- a known granulator a urea granulator using a fluidized bed or a fluidized / spouted bed is used.
- a prillurea production apparatus for example, Prilling Tower
- the concentrated urea solution introduced into the granulation apparatus is solidified and cooled by the air supplied from the line 6 to become solid urea (product solid urea).
- the air supplied to the granulation process B is discharged as exhaust gas (line 7).
- the exhaust gas in the line 7 contains urea dust generated when the concentrated urea solution is solidified and cooled.
- the urea concentration in the exhaust gas of the line 7 varies depending on equipment and operating conditions.
- the concentration of urea, prilling tower method in 70 ⁇ 200mg / Nm 3, reaches 3000 ⁇ 10000mg / Nm 3 in the fluidized layer or fluidized, spouted bed type. Therefore, a urea recovery process C for recovering urea dust in the exhaust gas is installed from the viewpoint of environmental pollution prevention and economic efficiency.
- a general method includes a packed bed system filled with a filler, a venturi system, and the like.
- the urea aqueous solution is circulated in the cleaning tower to bring the exhaust gas into contact with the urea aqueous solution.
- the urea dust in the exhaust gas is recovered in the urea aqueous solution.
- the exhaust gas from which urea dust has been recovered in the urea recovery step C is released to the atmosphere (line 8).
- the urea concentration in the exhaust gas released to the atmosphere is reduced to 20-50 mg / Nm 3 .
- the urea aqueous solution in which the urea dust in the exhaust gas is recovered in the urea recovery step C is sent to the line 1 as the recovered urea aqueous solution (line 10). Note that makeup water is added to produce a recovered urea aqueous solution (line 9).
- Urea in the recovered urea aqueous solution in the line 10 should be solidified and cooled again by the granulation process B.
- the recovered urea aqueous solution in the line 10 contains a large amount of moisture, it cannot be processed in the granulation step B as it is. Therefore, it returns to the upstream of the concentration process A, removes moisture in the concentration process A and concentrates it, and then is supplied to the granulation process B.
- the above is the cycle of each process until the solid urea is produced from the synthesized urea aqueous solution.
- the concentrated urea solution containing the additive when the concentrated urea solution containing the additive is treated in the granulation step B, the urea contained in the exhaust gas (line 7) from there contains the additive.
- the recovered urea aqueous solution (line 10) obtained through the recovery step C also contains an additive.
- the concentrated urea solution (line 2) therefrom always contains the additive component.
- the concentrated urea solution produced in the concentration step is often used as it is in addition to the production of solid urea.
- the concentrated urea solution is used in a urea aqueous solution for an in-vehicle SCR catalytic converter that is an exhaust gas (NOx) purification device of a diesel vehicle.
- NOx exhaust gas
- “AdBlue” registered trademark
- Concentrated urea solutions are handled as products for use as raw materials for chemical products such as melamine.
- the content of impurities is strictly regulated.
- Aldehydes and the like, which are additives for producing solid urea are regarded as impurities. Therefore, it becomes difficult to supply the product for said use by using an additive.
- the additive when the recovered urea aqueous solution containing the additive is sent to the concentration step A, the additive may be mixed into the water (line 4) separated in the concentration step.
- the water in this line 4 is in a steam state.
- separated by this concentration process is water containing a trace amount urea. After this waste water treatment is performed, this water may be sent out of the urea plant and reused for BFW (boiler water) or the like.
- BFW blower water
- the additive when the additive is contained in the water of the line 4 separated in the concentration step, there is a possibility that it cannot be processed by a normal waste water treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to add a further processing facility and consume a huge amount of utilities (such as steam). This is an economic loss.
- the use of additives may affect the properties of solid urea. That is, the moisture derived from the additive may increase the concentration of the concentrated urea solution supplied to the granulation step, which may increase the moisture in the product.
- the moisture derived from the additive may increase the concentration of the concentrated urea solution supplied to the granulation step, which may increase the moisture in the product.
- the moisture derived from the additive may increase the concentration of the concentrated urea solution supplied to the granulation step, which may increase the moisture in the product.
- a commercially available formalin water concentration of about 63% by mass
- concentrated urea concentrated urea solution having a water concentration of about 4% by mass
- the present invention has been made based on the background as described above, and includes a granulation step for producing solid urea from a concentrated urea solution, and a urea production method including steps (collection step, etc.) associated with the granulation step. It is a way to improve.
- the method according to the present invention includes a step of using an additive.
- the method according to the present invention can supply a concentrated urea solution containing no additive as a product.
- the method according to the present invention can prevent the additive from being mixed into the water separated in the concentration step.
- the method according to the present invention can also suppress an unexpected increase in the water content of the solid urea.
- the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is discharged from the first concentration step for concentrating the urea aqueous solution, the granulation step for producing solid urea from the concentrated urea solution generated in the first concentration step, and the granulation step.
- the recovered urea aqueous solution is concentrated by removing at least a part of water of the recovered urea aqueous solution, and includes a second concentration step of generating a concentrated recovered urea solution, which is generated in the second concentration step.
- the concentrated and recovered urea solution is combined with the concentrated urea solution downstream of the first concentration step, and an additive is added downstream of the first concentration step. .
- urea solution includes both molten urea and aqueous urea solution.
- the molten urea may contain water.
- downstream is a flow (line) after an outlet of an arbitrary process, and is a flow of one or more gases, liquids, solids, or a mixture thereof communicating with the outlet. It is.
- upstream is also the flow prior to the process inlet, either one or more gases or liquids or solids or mixtures thereof communicating with the inlet.
- the present invention is characterized by having two concentration steps of a first concentration step and a second concentration step.
- the first concentration step is a step of producing a urea solution by concentrating a urea aqueous solution, as in the conventional method.
- the second concentration step is an additional concentration step for removing the water from the recovered urea aqueous solution from the urea recovery step and concentrating to generate a concentrated recovery urea solution.
- the recovered urea aqueous solution can be concentrated to an appropriate amount of water and supplied to the granulation step.
- the concentrated and recovered urea solution concentrated in the second concentration step is joined downstream of the first concentration step and supplied to the granulation step. Furthermore, the timing for adding the additive is also set downstream of the first concentration step. By doing in this way, it is avoided that an additive mixes in the system of a 1st concentration process. As a result, a concentrated urea solution containing no additive can be obtained. And this concentrated urea solution can be used suitably as a raw material of various urea origin products, such as AdBlue (AdBlue) and a melamine.
- AdBlue AdBlue
- water is removed from the recovered urea aqueous solution.
- This water is water containing an additive. Since this water can be used as make-up water for producing the urea aqueous solution in the urea recovery step, the entire amount or a part thereof can be sent to the urea recovery step.
- the second concentration step By setting the second concentration step in this way, it is avoided that the additive is mixed into the water obtained in the first concentration step. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform a special treatment on the water obtained in the first concentration step.
- This water is reused for BFW and the like after normal waste water treatment.
- the point at which the additive is added can be arbitrarily set as long as it is downstream of the first concentration step. That is, you may add the whole quantity or one part of an additive between a 1st concentration process and a granulation process. Moreover, you may add the whole quantity or one part of an additive between a urea collection
- the addition point of the additive By setting the addition point of the additive, the influence of moisture derived from the additive can be reduced. This point will be described in detail later.
- the present invention sets the second concentration step and qualifies the point of addition of the additive, thereby using the additive when producing solid urea, The adverse effects can be eliminated.
- FIG. 1 is a drawing for explaining a urea production method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the urea aqueous solution synthesized in the upstream urea synthesis section is processed to produce solid urea as a main product and a concentrated urea solution as a product.
- the urea synthesis method in the urea synthesis section is not particularly limited, and there is no limitation on the properties such as the urea concentration of the urea aqueous solution produced there.
- the aqueous urea solution is sent to the first concentration step A via line 1.
- water (steam) is removed from the urea aqueous solution by a concentrator such as an evaporator, and the aqueous urea solution is concentrated until the urea concentration becomes about 94 to 99.7% by mass.
- the concentrated urea solution generated in the concentration step A is supplied to the granulation step B via the line 2.
- the product solid urea in the line 3 is produced from the concentrated urea solution by using a granulator such as a urea granulator using a rotary drum, a fluidized bed or a fluidized / spouted bed.
- a granulator such as a urea granulator using a rotary drum, a fluidized bed or a fluidized / spouted bed.
- a prillurea production apparatus can be used instead of the granulation apparatus.
- the urea solution is solidified and cooled.
- air is introduced from the line 6 into the granulation step B.
- the introduced air is discharged from the granulation process B as an exhaust gas accompanied by urea dust, and is introduced into the urea recovery process C via the line 7.
- exhaust gas is introduced through a line 7 into a recovery device such as a cleaning tower (scrubber).
- a recovery device such as a cleaning tower (scrubber).
- an aqueous urea solution of about 10 to 50% by mass circulates in the washing tower.
- urea dust in the exhaust gas is dissolved and absorbed in the urea aqueous solution.
- the exhaust gas cleaned in the urea recovery step C is discharged into the atmosphere from the line 8.
- makeup water is replenished from the line 9.
- the urea aqueous solution that has absorbed and recovered urea is introduced into the second concentration step D via the line 10 as a recovered urea aqueous solution.
- the recovered urea aqueous solution that passes through the line 10 has a large amount of water and cannot be provided to the granulation process as it is. Therefore, the second concentration step D removes at least a part of water from the recovered urea aqueous solution, and generates a concentrated recovered urea solution. Also in the second concentration step D, a concentration device such as an evaporator is used. The water content of the concentrated and recovered urea solution generated in the second concentration step D may be the same as or different from the concentrated urea solution generated in the first concentration step.
- the concentrated recovered urea solution joins with the concentrated urea solution in line 2 via line 11.
- the water removed from the recovered urea aqueous solution in the second concentration step D is supplied as makeup water for the urea recovery step C via the line 12 while containing at least a portion of urea and a part of the additive.
- the at this time, the entire amount of water removed from the recovered urea aqueous solution in the second concentration step D may be supplied to the urea recovery step C.
- the second concentration step D hydrolysis or biuret formation reaction may occur in a part of urea, and ammonia may be generated. In that case, ammonia will be sent to the urea recovery step C via the line 12. This ammonia is not absorbed by the aqueous urea solution. Ammonia is contained in the exhaust gas of line 8. For this reason, the ammonia concentration of the exhaust gas in the line 8 may increase. As a measure for preventing this, there is a method in which the urea recovery step C has a function of recovering ammonia as a salt.
- ammonia is recovered in the form of a salt by adjusting the pH by adding an acid to the urea aqueous solution circulated inside the urea recovery step C and adjusting the pH to about 2 to 6.
- the recovered salt is mixed in the recovered urea aqueous solution, it can be estimated that it is a trace amount, so that it can be treated in the second concentration step D and mixed into the product.
- the exhaust gas from the urea recovery step C is supplied to a washing tower in which an acidic solution having a pH of about 2 to 6 is circulated, so that ammonia is converted into a salt form.
- the salt recovered in the washing tower in which the acidic solution circulates may be mixed into the product, or may be used as a by-product without mixing.
- the additive is added downstream of the first concentration step.
- the additive is added from the line 5a upstream of the second concentration step.
- the additive is mixed with the recovered urea aqueous solution in the line 10, introduced into the second concentration step D, concentrated, and supplied to the granulation step via the line 11.
- the additive is added upstream of the second concentration step.
- the merit of adding the additive is that the additive water can be removed in advance and the additive can be supplied to the granulation step B.
- the moisture of the additive can be removed in the second concentration step, so that excess moisture is not introduced into the granulation step B. Thereby, the moisture content of product solid urea can be made appropriate.
- the flow is downstream of the first concentration step, upstream of both the junction with the concentrated and recovered urea solution generated in the second concentration step and the point where the additive is added.
- a concentrated urea solution containing no additive can be obtained as a product.
- a concentrated urea solution containing no additive can be obtained as a product from the line 13 at the outlet of the first concentration step A in FIG. Since the additive added from the line 5a is added to the concentrated urea solution via the line 11 together with the concentrated recovered urea solution, the additive is not included upstream from the joining point of the line 2 with the line 11. Therefore, a concentrated urea solution containing no additive can be taken out from the line 13 as a product.
- the additive is not mixed in the system of the first concentration step A. Therefore, the additive is not mixed into the water in the line 4 removed from the urea aqueous solution in the first concentration step A.
- the water in the line 4 can be reused for BFW or the like after a normal waste water treatment without any special treatment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a plurality of suitable lines for adding the additive. By adding the additive via at least one point of the lines 5a, 5b, and 5c in FIG. 2, a urea solution that does not contain the additive can be obtained from the line 13.
- the additive may be added only from the line 5a (same as in FIG. 1), but another line (lines 5b and 5c) is added while adding a part of the required amount of the additive in the line 5a. Additives may also be added.
- FIG. 1 was specifically examined with reference to the material balance in each line.
- FIG. 1 Example
- FIG. 3 Comparative Example
- the approximate value of the material balance for each line was calculated.
- the concentrated urea solution in line 13 is not taken out.
- the additive was added from line 5.
- the material balance of each line in the example (FIG. 1) is shown in Table 1
- the material balance of each line in the comparative example (FIG. 3) is shown in Table 2.
- the additive supplied from the line 5a circulates in a loop of the second concentration process D ⁇ the granulation process B ⁇ the recovery process ⁇ the second concentration process D. Therefore, the additive is not contained in the system of the first concentration step A. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a concentrated urea solution having no additive in line 2 (from Table 1, a urea solution having 0 mass% formaldehyde and a urea concentration of 96 mass%).
- This concentrated urea solution can be withdrawn from line 13 as a urea solution product (composition is the same as line 2). Further, the additive in the water of the line 4 taken out in the first concentration step A is not included.
- the additive reaches the concentration step A from the line 10 via the recovery step C from the exhaust gas (line 7) of the granulation step B. Therefore, 0.02 mass% formaldehyde is contained in the concentrated urea solution (line 2) from the concentration step A.
- the water (line 4) taken out in the concentration step A also contains a trace amount of formaldehyde. It is difficult to purify this water only by ordinary waste water treatment, and further treatment is required for reuse.
- solid urea can be produced while avoiding adverse effects caused by the use of additives such as mixing of additives into the concentration step and mixing of moisture derived from additives in the granulation step.
- additives such as mixing of additives into the concentration step and mixing of moisture derived from additives in the granulation step.
- a concentrated urea solution in which impurities are reduced together with high-quality product solid urea can be produced as a product.
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Abstract
Description
そのため、濃縮工程Aの上流に戻され、濃縮工程Aで水分を取り除き濃縮してから造粒工程Bに供給される。以上が合成された尿素水溶液から固体尿素が製造されるまでの各工程のサイクルである。
Claims (6)
- 尿素水溶液を濃縮する第一の濃縮工程、
前記第一の濃縮工程で生成した濃縮尿素溶液から固体尿素を製造する造粒工程、
前記造粒工程から排出される排ガスを処理し、前記排ガス中の尿素ダストを回収して回収尿素水溶液を生成する尿素回収工程、を含み、
前記造粒工程は、添加剤を含む濃縮尿素溶液を処理するようになっている尿素製造方法において、
前記回収尿素水溶液の水の少なくとも一部を取り除くことで前記回収尿素水溶液を濃縮し、濃縮回収尿素溶液を生成する第二の濃縮工程を備え、
前記第二の濃縮工程で生成した前記濃縮回収尿素溶液を、前記第一の濃縮工程の下流で前記濃縮尿素溶液と合流させると共に、
添加剤を前記第一の濃縮工程の下流で添加することを特徴とする尿素製造方法。 - 前記第二の濃縮工程で回収尿素水溶液から取り除いた水の少なくとも一部を前記尿素回収工程に送る請求項1記載の尿素製造方法。
- 前記第二の濃縮工程で回収尿素水溶液から取り除いた水の全量を前記尿素回収工程に送る請求項1記載の尿素製造方法。
- 前記尿素回収工程と前記第二の濃縮工程との間で添加剤の全量又は一部を添加する請求項1~請求項3のいずれかに記載の尿素製造方法。
- 前記第一の濃縮工程と前記造粒工程との間で添加剤の全量又は一部を添加する請求項1~請求項4のいずれかに記載の尿素製造方法。
- 前記第一の濃縮工程の下流の流れであって、
前記第二の濃縮工程で生成された前記濃縮回収尿素溶液との合流点、及び、添加剤を添加する点の双方の上流の流れから、前記濃縮尿素溶液を抜き出す請求項1~請求項5のいずれかに記載の尿素製造方法。
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GB1717820.3A GB2555726B (en) | 2015-04-01 | 2016-04-01 | Urea production method |
JP2017510245A JPWO2016159336A1 (ja) | 2015-04-01 | 2016-04-01 | 尿素製造方法 |
CN201680020119.2A CN107428680B (zh) | 2015-04-01 | 2016-04-01 | 尿素制造方法 |
US15/553,527 US10519103B2 (en) | 2015-04-01 | 2016-04-01 | Urea production method |
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WO2018168573A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-20 | 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 | 尿素の造粒方法 |
JP2018154582A (ja) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-10-04 | 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 | 尿素の造粒方法 |
CN110418782A (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-11-05 | 东洋工程株式会社 | 尿素的造粒方法 |
US10894764B2 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2021-01-19 | Toyo Engineering Corporation | Method for granulating urea |
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CN110418782B (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2022-05-10 | 东洋工程株式会社 | 尿素的造粒方法 |
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JPWO2016159336A1 (ja) | 2018-02-01 |
CN107428680B (zh) | 2021-01-05 |
GB2555726B (en) | 2020-05-13 |
GB2555726A (en) | 2018-05-09 |
CN107428680A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
US10519103B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 |
GB201717820D0 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
US20180037542A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
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