WO2016127562A1 - 光纤、光纤的制造***和制造方法 - Google Patents

光纤、光纤的制造***和制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016127562A1
WO2016127562A1 PCT/CN2015/083672 CN2015083672W WO2016127562A1 WO 2016127562 A1 WO2016127562 A1 WO 2016127562A1 CN 2015083672 W CN2015083672 W CN 2015083672W WO 2016127562 A1 WO2016127562 A1 WO 2016127562A1
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Prior art keywords
core
cores
optical fiber
sheath
transmission medium
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PCT/CN2015/083672
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English (en)
French (fr)
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蒋方荣
邹国辉
肖尚宏
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2016127562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016127562A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to mechanical technologies, and in particular, to a manufacturing system and a manufacturing method of an optical fiber and an optical fiber.
  • the optical fiber With the increasing speed of communication, optical communication has been greatly developed, so the optical fiber has been widely used. Due to the requirements of the application scenario, the optical fiber not only has a certain tensile strength, but also has the characteristics of small diameter, softness, flexibility, easy to lay, and the like, and must also have certain safety performance requirements, that is, fire retardant requirements, good Insulation and the ability to resist biting by rodents.
  • indoor optical fiber is widely used; in the first phase of the wave division and packet transmission network (English: Packet Transport Network, PTN) equipment, tens of thousands of fiber applications are basically required, in order to reduce the number of huge When the fiber is laid, the multi-core fiber can be used instead of the single-core fiber, which can double the deployment efficiency.
  • PTN Packet Transport Network
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional multi-core optical fiber.
  • the existing multi-core optical fiber is composed of a multi-core optical fiber ribbon (cured by a plurality of tight-fitting optical fibers to form a strip shape), and the entire multi-core optical fiber is used.
  • the outer side of the belt is provided with a ring of tensile reinforcing elements (aramid) and a sheath of outer sheath (polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for the outer side of the reinforcing element) to form a separate multi-core cable.
  • aramid tensile reinforcing elements
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the existing multi-core optical fiber multi-core optical fiber ribbon includes a plurality of tight-fitting optical fibers, that is, a plurality of tight-fitting optical fibers are prefabricated together, and a single independent pigtail connector cannot be used, and each fiber cannot be independently torn open. Use, can only be applied according to the established number, resulting in limited application scenarios of the multi-core fiber.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a manufacturing system and a manufacturing method for an optical fiber and an optical fiber, which are used to solve the prior art.
  • the multi-core optical fiber ribbon of the multi-core optical fiber includes a plurality of tight-fitting optical fibers, and the optical fibers cannot be used independently. It can only be applied according to the established quantity, which leads to the limitation of the application scenario of the multi-core fiber.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides an optical fiber, comprising: a sheath and N cores, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and the sheath is coated on an outer side of each core, the sheath For protecting each of the cores, the N cores are arranged side by side, and the arrangement direction of the N cores is perpendicular to an axial direction of the core, and adjacent to the N cores The sheaths on the outside of the core are connected together such that the fibers are ribbon fibers.
  • the sheath is tearable along an axial direction of the optical fiber and after the sheath is torn in the axial direction of the optical fiber The outer side of each core is covered with the sheath.
  • the each core comprises a transmission medium and a reinforcing material surrounding the transmission medium, The reinforcing material is used to increase the tensile strength of the optical fiber.
  • the transmission medium comprises a tight-packed optical fiber.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a manufacturing system for an optical fiber, including:
  • N is a positive integer greater than 1, and each transmission medium pay-off rack is used for a transmission line of a transmission medium;
  • An extruder comprising an extrusion die, the extrusion die comprising N core via inserts arranged side by side, the extrusion die being adapted to pass a unique correspondence in each core of the N cores
  • the plastic is separately extruded onto the N cores to form a sheath, and the sheath is used to protect the N cores;
  • the distance between adjacent core via inserts is such that after the adjacent cores of the N cores pass through the N core via inserts, the outer side of the adjacent cores
  • the sheaths are integrally connected, wherein the core comprises a transmission medium from which the transfer medium is placed.
  • the extrusion die further includes an extrusion flow channel for guiding plastic to the N core vias At the mouth, and equalizing the extrusion pressure at the N core via inserts.
  • the extruder further includes a pre-mold locator, the pre-mold locator The extrusion molds are fastened together;
  • the pre-mold positioner includes N inlet holes, each of which is used for a core entry The extruder, wherein the N inlet holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the N core via inserts, and each of the inlet holes is coaxial with the corresponding core via insert
  • the ratio of the inner diameter of the inlet hole to the inner diameter of the core via insert is less than 1+t, and the ratio is greater than 1-t, and the value of t ranges from 0.3 to 0.7.
  • the extruder further includes a locking flange, the locking flange being disposed on the mold A front locator and an outer side of the extrusion die are used to lock the pre-mold locator and the extrusion die together.
  • the any one of the first to the third aspect of the second aspect, the fourth possible implementation of the second aspect further includes:
  • k is a positive integer greater than 1, and each reinforcing material pay-off frame is used for a reinforcing material release line;
  • a core locator comprising N positioning holes, each positioning hole for pre-fixing a reinforcing material discharged from the reinforcing material pay-off frame to a transmission medium discharged from the transmission medium pay-off frame,
  • the positioning holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the core via inserts.
  • the method further includes: N tensioning wheels, The tensioning wheel is used to tension the core.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an optical fiber, including:
  • the N side-by-side arrangement core via inserts that pass the core through an extrusion die comprises:
  • each core Passing the core through N side-by-side array core via inserts of an extrusion die, wherein each core is located in each of the cores through the core via insert a portion of the core corresponding core via insert, a core via corresponding to each of the cores
  • the mouth is coaxial.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a manufacturing system and a manufacturing method for an optical fiber and an optical fiber.
  • the manufacturing system and the manufacturing method of the optical fiber are manufactured to include at least two cores, each of which is covered with a sheath for protection.
  • the outer sheath of the core is connected to form a strip fiber, and the outer sheath of each core can be independently torn.
  • the multi-core fiber can be applied according to a predetermined number, and each core outer sheath can be independent. Rip open and use as a single fiber to expand the application scenario of the multi-core fiber.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional multi-core optical fiber
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic structural view of an optical fiber of the present invention
  • 2b is a schematic view showing the application of the optical fiber of the present invention.
  • 3a is a schematic structural view of a manufacturing system of an optical fiber according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3b is a cross-sectional view showing the assembly of an extrusion die of the multi-core optical fiber manufacturing system of the present invention
  • Figure 3c is a perspective view of a male mold of an extrusion die of the multi-core optical fiber manufacturing system of the present invention.
  • 3d is a perspective view of a master mold of an extrusion die of the multi-core optical fiber manufacturing system of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the assembly of an extruder of a multi-core optical fiber manufacturing system of the present invention
  • Figure 5a is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing an optical fiber of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5b is a schematic view showing the extrusion process of the method for producing an optical fiber of the present invention.
  • the novel optical fiber includes: a sheath 2 and an N core 1.
  • N is greater than 1.
  • the sheath 2 is coated on the outer side of each of the cores 2, the sheath 2 is for protecting each of the cores 1, the N cores 1 are arranged side by side, and the The arrangement direction of the N cores 1 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the core 1, and the sheaths 2 on the outer sides of the adjacent cores 1 of the N cores 1 are integrally connected such that the optical fibers are Ribbon fiber.
  • each core 1 is covered with a separate sheath 2, except that the sheaths 2 of adjacent cores 1 arranged side by side are connected, and the adjacent sheath 2 can be along the optical fibers.
  • the core 2 is torn open, and after the sheath 2 is torn in the axial direction of the optical fiber, the outer side of each of the cores 1 is covered with the sheath 2.
  • each of the cores 1 includes a transmission medium 101 and a reinforcing material 102 surrounding the transmission medium, and the reinforcing material 102 is used to increase the tensile strength of the optical fibers.
  • the transmission medium 101 includes a tight-packed fiber, also referred to as a tight-fitting fiber.
  • the core 1 formed by the transmission medium 101 coated with the reinforcing material 102 is also referred to as a core or a reinforcing core.
  • the reinforcing material 102 included in the core of the novel optical fiber may be a material such as aramid which can increase the tensile strength of the optical fiber.
  • Each of the transmission media of the optical fiber of the present invention is coated with a reinforcing material 102, and the outer side of the reinforcing material 102 further includes a sheath 2, which may be made of PVC, as the outer skin of the entire optical fiber, and the outermost edge of the sheath 2
  • the axial directions of the optical fibers are connected to each other, and the sheaths 2 can be torn apart to form a plurality of single optical fibers for use.
  • the optical fiber of the present invention is a multi-core optical fiber having a core of two or more.
  • the number of commonly used cores is between four and twelve.
  • the number of cores of the multi-core fiber is eight, and the outermost sides of the sheaths of the respective cores are connected together to form a bundle of optical fibers, generally
  • the sheaths outside each core can be independently torn apart, and the structure of the corresponding fiber and the single fiber of each core after tearing is completely the same.
  • the structure in which the sheaths outside the respective cores are connected together to form a bundle of optical fibers is not limited to the one row connected in series as shown in FIG. 2a, or may be a bundle connected between the plurality of outer skins.
  • the ends of the optical fiber can be torn apart according to the core, and the connector for the pigtail is formed to form a bundle of optical fibers, which can also be modified.
  • the sheath corresponding to the core of the optical fiber is independently torn, and the number of cores of the multi-core optical fiber is changed, which is more suitable There should be different requirements for the number of different scenarios.
  • the multi-core fiber can save a lot of time for the worker to deploy the fiber, and the easy-to-tear feature can equate the multi-core fiber with the existing single-core fiber, and the user can freely combine into different core numbers, and the scene adaptability is wider.
  • the optical fiber provided in this embodiment includes a plurality of cores, each of which is covered with a sheath for protection, and a sheath outside the adjacent core is connected, and the outer sheath of the adjacent core is sheathed.
  • the fiber can be applied according to the predetermined number of cores, and each core can be torn apart from the sheath independently, and the user can tear open into different core numbers, expand the application scenario of the fiber, and can effectively Save time in laying fiber.
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic structural view of a manufacturing system of an optical fiber according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3a, the manufacturing system of the multi-core optical fiber includes:
  • the transmission medium pay-off frame 11, the number of the transmission medium pay-off racks 11 is N, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and each transmission medium pay-off rack 11 is used for a discharge line of a transmission medium;
  • the extruder 12 includes an extrusion die 121 including N core via inserts 1211 arranged side by side, the extrusion die 121 being used for each of the N cores When the core passes through a unique one of the core via inserts 1211, the plastic is separately extruded onto the N cores to form a sheath, and the sheath is used to protect the N cores;
  • the distance between adjacent core via inserts 1211 is such that after the adjacent cores of the N cores pass from the N core via inserts 1211, the outer sides of the adjacent cores
  • the jackets are integrally connected, wherein the core comprises a transmission medium that is discharged from the transmission medium take-up rack 11.
  • the number of the transmission medium payout racks 11 is at least two; one core wire can be placed on each of the transmission medium payout racks 11.
  • the transfer medium placed on the transport medium take-up reel 11 is placed in an extruder 12 for extrusion, and the main extrusion function is mainly accomplished by means of an extrusion die 121 included in the extruder 12, in each core (also referred to as The core wire), that is, the outer extrusion jacket of the above transmission medium, the sheath may be PVC or other protective material, because adjacent cores pass through the core via hole insert 1211 which is closer in the extrusion process.
  • the distance between the core via inserts 1211 is relatively close, and the outermost sides of the outer jackets of the adjacent cores are axially joined together to form an outer side of the adjacent core.
  • a multi-core fiber that can be torn apart by a sheath.
  • the optical fiber manufacturing system includes a transmission medium pay-off rack and an extruder, and the extruder extrudes a coil for protection for each core discharged from the transmission medium pay-off frame. And connecting the jackets on the outer side of the adjacent cores to form an optical fiber which can be independently torn by the sheath on the outer side of the adjacent core.
  • the optical fiber can be applied according to the predetermined number of cores, and each core can be protected. With independent tearing, the user can tear open into different core numbers, expand the application scenario of the fiber, and effectively save time for laying the fiber.
  • FIG. 3b is an assembled sectional view of an extrusion mold of the multi-core optical fiber manufacturing system of the present invention
  • FIG. 3c is a perspective view of a male mold of an extrusion mold of the multi-core optical fiber manufacturing system of the present invention
  • 3d is a perspective view of a master mold of an extrusion mold of the multi-core optical fiber manufacturing system of the present invention.
  • the extrusion mold 121 further includes an extrusion flow passage 1214, the extrusion flow.
  • a track 1214 is used to guide the plastic to the N core via inserts 1211 and to equalize the extrusion pressure at the N core via inserts 1211.
  • the extrusion die 121 further includes a male mold 1212 and a female mold 1213.
  • the outer wall of the male mold 1213 and the inner wall of the female mold 1213 cooperate to form an extrusion flow passage 1214.
  • the outer diameter of the male mold 1212 and the inner hole of the female mold 1213 are both tapered, and the extrusion flow passage 1214 formed by combining with each other is tapered, and the extruder flows evenly through the extrusion flow passage to make each line
  • the extrusion pressure is balanced at the cable extrusion hole to ensure that the core wires have the same diameter.
  • the extrusion mold 121 is designed as a streamlined flat-cone structure and a ring-shaped glue feeding method, so that the extrusion pressure at the extrusion hole is uniform, and the problem of inconsistent diameter of each core wire in the production of the multi-core fiber can be solved.
  • the extruder 12 further includes a pre-mold locator 122, the pre-mold locator 122 and the The extrusion die 11 is fastened together.
  • the pre-mold positioner 122 includes N inlet holes 1221, and each of the inlet holes 1221 is for a core to enter the extruder 12, wherein the N inlet holes 1221 and the N The core via inserts 1211 are in one-to-one correspondence, and each of the feed holes 1221 is coaxial with the corresponding core via insert 1211.
  • the ratio of the inner diameter of the inlet hole 1221 to the inner diameter of the core via insert 1211 is less than 1+t, and the ratio is greater than 1-t, and the value of t ranges from 0.3 to 0.7.
  • the extruder 12 further includes a locking flange 123 disposed outside the pre-mold locator 122 and the extrusion die 121 for using the pre-mold locator 122 The extrusion die 121 is locked together.
  • the manufacturing system further comprises k*N reinforcing material pay-off frames 13, wherein k is greater than 1.
  • each reinforcement material take-up frame 13 is used for the release of a reinforcing material; in general, one or more aramid or other reinforcing materials are coated on each core before extrusion, so Each core corresponds to one or more reinforcing member material holders 13 for the placement of aramid or other reinforcing member materials.
  • the core locator 14 includes N positioning holes 141, each of which is used for pre-fixing a reinforcing material discharged from the reinforcing material pay-off frame 13 to one of the transmission medium pay-off racks 11
  • the positioning holes 141 are in one-to-one correspondence with the core via inserts 1211 on the transmission medium.
  • the main function of the core positioner 14 is to position each core at a central position of the corresponding reinforcing material, and the extruder 12 is specifically used for the reinforcing material outside the core after the positioning of the core positioner 14.
  • the outermost outer sheaths of the outer extrusion form a multi-core optical fiber.
  • the system further includes: N tensioning wheels 15 for tensioning the core, as shown in Fig. 3a, eight tensioning The wheel 15 respectively tensions the transmission medium discharged from each of the transport medium take-up reels 11 and then is positioned by the positioning holes 141 of the pre-mold positioner 14 and sent to the extruder 12 for extrusion to form adjacent core jackets.
  • Multi-core fiber Multi-core fiber.
  • the extruded multi-core optical fiber passes through a cooling bath 16, which cools the multi-core optical fiber extruded from the extruder 12.
  • the manufacturing system also includes at least a multi-core fiber tensioner 17 and a wire take-up 18; the wire take-up 18 is used to take over the multi-core fiber that is tensioned on the multi-core fiber tensioner 17.
  • the transmission medium take-up frame 11 includes eight, and each transmission medium is placed on the pay-off frame.
  • a reinforcing member material frame for aramid is placed, that is, three reinforcing materials are positioned outside each tight-fitting optical fiber, and three aramid fibers are positioned around each tight-fitting optical fiber through the core positioner 14, and the tight-set optical fiber is positioned on three reinforcing materials ( For example, the center of the aramid fiber, and then the aramid fiber is further positioned by the mold front positioner 122 of the extruder 12, and then extruded outside the aramid to form a PVC sheath, and the
  • the optical fiber manufacturing system provided by the embodiment provides a core by placing a plurality of transmission medium pay-off racks, and an extruder including a new extrusion mold, and extruding a sheath for each core, the extrusion mold After the extrusion, the outermost adhesion of the outer sheath of the adjacent core forms a multi-core optical fiber which can be torn according to the core.
  • the front mold positioner and the male mold are assembled by the locking flange, and the cable is squeezed. In the core threading process before plastic molding, it can be disassembled and separated from the extrusion mold, threaded one by one and then combined, which is convenient and quick.
  • FIG. 5a is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing an optical fiber according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic view of an extrusion process of the optical fiber manufacturing method of the present invention.
  • the steps of the manufacturing method specifically include:
  • N parallel cores are taken from the N transport media payout racks for extrusion, and the core may be a tightly packed fiber.
  • the obtained N side-by-side cores are sent to an extruder for extrusion, specifically, the core is extruded through N side-by-side arrangement of core through-hole inserts of the extrusion mold. Specifically, the core is passed through the N side-by-side arrangement core through-hole inserts of the extrusion die, and each of the fibers is in the process of inserting the core through the core via hole. A portion of the core located in the corresponding core via insert of each of the cores is coaxial with the core via insert corresponding to each of the cores.
  • the extruder is extruded outside the core to form a PVC sheath, and the outermost side of the PVC sheath outside each core is sequentially connected with the PVC outer skin adjacent to the outer core, forming a row of skins as shown in FIG.
  • the torn multi-core optical fiber is cooled by a multi-core optical fiber formed by an extruder in a cooling water tank, and the formed multi-core optical fiber is taken up by a tensioning wheel and a wire take-up to complete the entire production process.
  • N cores arranged side by side are obtained. Over-extruding the mold core through-hole insert, and separately extruding the plastic to each core to form a sheath, forming the outermost side of the outer core of the multi-core fiber, and The optical fiber can be applied according to the predetermined number of cores, and each core can be torn apart from the sheath independently, and the user can tear the different core numbers, expand the application scenario of the optical fiber, and save the cloth effectively. The time to put the fiber.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

一种光纤、光纤的制造***和制造方法，该光纤包括：护套（2）和N根纤芯（1），N为大于1的正整数，所述护套（2）包覆在每根纤芯（1）的外侧，所述护套（2）用于保护所述每根纤芯（1），所述N根纤芯（1）并排排列，且所述N根纤芯（1）的排列方向垂直于所述纤芯（1）的轴向方向，所述N根纤芯（1）中相邻的纤芯（1）外侧的所述护套（2）相连为一体，使得所述光纤为带状光纤，该光纤可按照既定的数量应用，也可按照纤芯撕开单根独立做尾纤的连接头，扩展多芯光纤的应用场景。

Description

光纤、光纤的制造***和制造方法 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及机械技术，尤其涉及一种光纤、光纤的制造***和制造方法。
背景技术
随着通信速度的越来越高，光通信获得了极大的发展，因此光纤得以大量的应用。由于应用场景的要求，光纤不仅要具有一定的抗拉强度，还要具有直径小、柔软、易弯曲、便于布放等特点，还必须具有一定的安全性能要求，即防火阻燃要求、良好的绝缘性以及抗啮齿类动物撕咬的能力。
在光网络***署工程中，室内光纤使用非常广泛；在波分、分组传送网(英文：Packet Transport Network，简称：PTN)设备的一期工程基本需要上万根光纤应用，为了降低数量巨大的光纤布放工时，可以采用多芯光纤来替代单芯光纤，这样可以成倍的提升布放效率。
图1为现有的多芯光纤的结构示意图，如图1所示，现有的多芯光纤是由多芯光纤带(由多根紧套光纤粘贴固化成带状)、在整个多芯光纤带的外侧包有一圈抗拉加强元件(芳纶)、在加强元件的外侧一圈外皮护套(聚氯乙烯(英文：Polyvinyl chloride，简称：PVC)外皮)组成一根独立的多芯线缆。
然而，现有的多芯光纤的多芯光纤带中包括多根紧套光纤，即多根紧套光纤预制在一起，无法单根独立做尾纤的连接头，不可以每根光纤独立撕开使用，只能按照既定的数量应用，导致该多芯光纤的应用场景受限。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种光纤、光纤的制造***和制造方法，用于解决现有技术中，多芯光纤的多芯光纤带中包括多根紧套光纤，不可以每根光纤独立撕开使用，只能按照既定的数量应用，导致该多芯光纤的应用场景受限的问题。
本发明实施例第一方面提供一种光纤，包括：护套和N根纤芯，N为大于1的正整数，所述护套包覆在所述每根纤芯的外侧，所述护套用于保护所述每根线芯，所述N根纤芯并排排列，且所述N根纤芯的排列方向垂直于所述纤芯的轴向方向，所述N根纤芯中相邻的纤芯外侧的所述护套相连为一体，使得所述光纤为带状光纤。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式中，所述护套可沿所述光纤的轴向撕开，并且在所述护套沿所述光纤轴向方向撕开后，所述每个纤芯外侧包覆有所述护套。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实施方式中，所述每根纤芯包括传输介质和围绕所述传输介质的加强材料，所述加强材料用于提高所述光纤的抗拉强度。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实施方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实施方式中，所述传输介质包括紧包光纤。
本发明实施例第二方面提供一种光纤的制造***，包括：
传输介质放线架，所述传输介质放线架的个数为N个，N为大于1的正整数，每个传输介质放线架用于一根传输介质的放线；
挤塑机，包括挤塑模具，所述挤塑模具包括并排排列的N个纤芯过孔镶嘴，所述挤塑模具用于在所述N根纤芯的每根纤芯通过唯一对应的一个纤芯过孔镶嘴时，将塑胶分别挤塑到所述N根纤芯上形成护套，所述护套用于保护所述N根线芯；
相邻纤芯过孔镶嘴间的距离使得在所述N根纤芯的相邻的纤芯从所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴通过后，所述相邻的纤芯外侧的所述护套相连为一体，其中，所述纤芯包含所述传输介质放线架放线出的传输介质。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式中所述挤塑模具还包括挤塑流道，所述挤塑流道用于引导塑胶到所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴处，并且使得所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴处的挤塑压力均衡。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实施方式中，所述挤塑机还包括模前***，所述模前***与所述挤塑模具紧固在一起；
所述模前***包括N个进线孔，每个进线孔用于一根纤芯进入所 述挤塑机，其中，所述N个进线孔与所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴一一对应，且所述每个进线孔与对应的所述纤芯过孔镶嘴同轴，所述进线孔的内径与所述纤芯过孔镶嘴的内径的比值小于1+t，并且所述比值大于1-t，t的取值范围为0.3到0.7。
结合第二方面的第二种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实施方式中，所述挤塑机还包括锁紧法兰，所述锁紧法兰设置在所述模前***和所述挤塑模具外侧，用于将所述模前***与所述挤塑模具锁固在一起。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种至第三种中的任一种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第四种可能的实施方式中，还包括：
k*N个加强材料放线架，k为大于1的正整数，每个加强材料放线架用于一根加强材料的放线；
纤芯***，包括N个定位孔，每个定位孔用于将加强材料放线架放线出的一根加强材料预固定到所述传输介质放线架放出的一根传输介质上，所述定位孔与所述纤芯过孔镶嘴一一对应。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种至第四种中的任一种可能的实施方式，在第二方面的第五种可能的实施方式中，还包括：N个张紧轮，所述张紧轮用于将纤芯张紧。
本发明实施例第三方面提供一种光纤的制造方法，包括：
获得N个并排排列的纤芯；
将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具包括的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴，并分别将塑胶独立地挤塑到每个纤芯上形成护套，其中，所述每个纤芯与所述每个纤芯通过的纤芯过孔镶嘴一一对应，相邻纤芯过孔镶嘴间的距离使所述纤芯中的每对相邻的纤芯的护套相连为一体，从而形成带状光纤。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第一种可能的实施方式中，所述将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴包括：
将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴，在所述纤芯通过所述纤芯过孔镶嘴的过程中，将所述每个纤芯位于所述每个纤芯对应的纤芯过孔镶嘴中的部分，与所述所述每个纤芯对应的纤芯过孔镶 嘴同轴。
本发明实施例提供一种光纤、光纤的制造***和制造方法，通过该光纤的制造***和制造方法制造出包括至少两根纤芯，每根纤芯外包覆有用于保护的护套，每根纤芯外侧的护套相连为一体形成带状光纤，每根纤芯外侧的护套可独立撕开，该多芯光纤可以按照既定的数量应用，还可以将每根纤芯外护套独立撕开，成单根光纤使用，扩展该多芯光纤的应用场景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有的多芯光纤的结构示意图；
图2a为本发明的光纤的结构示意图；
图2b为本发明的光纤的应用示意图；
图3a为本发明的光纤的制造***的结构示意图；
图3b为本发明的多芯光纤的制造***的挤塑模具的装配剖面图；
图3c为本发明的多芯光纤的制造***的挤塑模具的公模立体图；
图3d为本发明的多芯光纤的制造***的挤塑模具的母模立体图；
图4为本发明的多芯光纤的制造***的挤塑机的装配示意图；
图5a为本发明的光纤的制造方法的流程图；
图5b为本发明的光纤的制造方法的挤塑过程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图2a为本发明的光纤的结构示意图，图2b为本发明的光纤的应用示意图，如图2a所示，该新型的光纤，包括：护套2和N根纤芯1，N为大于1的正整数，所述护套2包覆在所述每根纤芯2的外侧，所述护套2用于保护所述每根线芯1，所述N根纤芯1并排排列，且所述N根纤芯1的排列方向垂直于所述纤芯1的轴向方向，所述N根纤芯1中相邻的纤芯1外侧的所述护套2相连为一体，使得所述光纤为带状光纤。
在本实施例中，每个纤芯1的外侧都包覆有单独的护套2，只是并排排列的相邻纤芯1的护套2相连，相邻的护套2可沿所述光纤的轴向撕开，并且在所述护套2沿所述光纤轴向方向撕开后，所述每个纤芯1外侧包覆有所述护套2。
可选的，所述每根纤芯1包括传输介质101和围绕所述传输介质的加强材料102，所述加强材料102用于提高所述光纤的抗拉强度。该传输介质101包括紧包光纤，也称为紧套光纤。包覆了加强材料102的传输介质101形成的纤芯1也称为芯线或者加强芯。
在本实施例中，该新型光纤的纤芯包括的加强材料102可以是芳纶等能提高光纤的抗拉强度的材料。本发明的光纤的每根传输介质外包覆加强材料102、加强材料102外侧还包有护套2，该护套2可以是PVC材质，作为整个光纤的外皮，且护套2的最外侧沿光纤的轴向方向互相连接，护套2之间可以撕开，成多个单根的光纤进行使用。
一般情况下，本发明的光纤为纤芯大于或等于两个的多芯光纤。常用的芯数在四到十二根之间，如图2a所示，该多芯光纤的纤芯个数为8根，各个纤芯的护套最外侧连接在一起形成一束光纤，一般为一体挤塑成型的，每个纤芯外的护套之间可以独立撕开，撕开后的每个纤芯对应的光纤和单根光纤的结构完全相同。
另外，该各个纤芯外的护套连接在一起形成一束光纤的结构不限于图2a所示的依次连接的一排，也可以是多个外表皮之间相连的一束。
如图2b所示，该包括多个纤芯的光纤的应用过程中，光纤首尾两端可按照纤芯撕开一段距离，用于制作尾纤的连接器，形成一束光纤，也可以将改光纤的纤芯对应的护套独立撕开，改变多芯光纤的芯数，更适 应于各种场景对数量的不同要求。该多芯光纤可以大量节省工人光纤布放的时间，其易撕开的特性可将该多芯光纤等同于现有的单芯光纤，用户可以自由组合成不同芯数，场景适应性更广
本实施例提供的光纤，包括多个纤芯，每个纤芯外包覆有一圈用于保护的护套，相邻的纤芯外侧的护套相连，且相邻的纤芯外侧的护套可独立撕开，该光纤可以按照既定的纤芯数量应用，还可以将每根纤芯从护套独立撕开使用，用户可以撕开成不同芯数，扩展该光纤的应用场景，并能有效节省布放光纤的时间。
图3a为本发明的光纤的制造***的结构示意图，如图3a所示，该多芯光纤的制造***，包括：
传输介质放线架11，所述传输介质放线架11的个数为N个，N为大于1的正整数，每个传输介质放线架11用于一根传输介质的放线；
挤塑机12，包括挤塑模具121，所述挤塑模具121包括并排排列的N个纤芯过孔镶嘴1211，所述挤塑模具121用于在所述N根纤芯的每根纤芯通过唯一对应的一个纤芯过孔镶嘴1211时，将塑胶分别挤塑到所述N根纤芯上形成护套，所述护套用于保护所述N根线芯；
相邻纤芯过孔镶嘴1211间的距离使得在所述N根纤芯的相邻的纤芯从所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴1211通过后，所述相邻的纤芯外侧的所述护套相连为一体，其中，所述纤芯包含所述传输介质放线架11放线出的传输介质。
在本实施例中，传输介质放线架11的个数为至少两个；每个传输介质放线架11上可以放置一根芯线。将传输介质放线架11上放置的传输介质置入挤塑机12进行挤塑，主要挤塑功能主要依靠挤塑机12包括的挤塑模具121来完成，在每个纤芯(也称为芯线)，也就是上述的传输介质外挤塑护套，该护套可以是PVC或者其他保护材质，由于在挤塑过程中相邻的纤芯经过距离较近的纤芯过孔镶嘴1211挤塑上护套，由于温度较高，纤芯过孔镶嘴1211的距离比较近，相邻的纤芯外的护套的最外侧会轴向连在一起，形成相邻的纤芯外侧的护套可独立撕开的多芯光纤。
本实施例提供的光纤的制造***，包括传输介质放线架和挤塑机，挤塑机对传输介质放线架放出的每个纤芯外挤塑一圈用于保护的护套， 并且使相邻的纤芯外侧的护套相连，形成相邻的纤芯外侧的护套可独立撕开的光纤，该光纤可以按照既定的纤芯数量应用，还可以将每根纤芯从护套独立撕开使用，用户可以撕开成不同芯数，扩展该光纤的应用场景，并能有效节省布放光纤的时间。
在上述实施例的基础上，图3b为本发明的多芯光纤的制造***的挤塑模具的装配剖面图、图3c为本发明的多芯光纤的制造***的挤塑模具的公模立体图、图3d为本发明的多芯光纤的制造***的挤塑模具的母模立体图，如图3b、3c和3d所示，所述挤塑模具121还包括挤塑流道1214，所述挤塑流道1214用于引导塑胶到所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴1211处，并且使得所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴1211处的挤塑压力均衡。
具体实现过程中，所述挤塑模具121还包括公模1212、母模1213，所述公模1213的外壁和所述母模1213的内壁配合形成的挤塑流道1214。具体的，公模1212的外径、母模1213的内孔均为锥形，相互组合形成的挤塑流道1214为锥形，挤塑剂通过该挤塑流道均匀的流下，使各线缆挤出孔处挤塑压力均衡，保证各芯线直径一致。即挤塑模具121设计成流线型的扁锥形结构、配合环形进胶方式，使挤塑出孔处挤塑压力一致，可以解决多芯光纤生产中各个芯线外皮直径不一致问题。
图4为本发明的多芯光纤的制造***的挤塑机的装配示意图，如图4所示，所述挤塑机12还包括模前***122，所述模前***122与所述挤塑模具11紧固在一起。所述模前***122包括N个进线孔1221，每个进线孔1221用于一根纤芯进入所述挤塑机12，其中，所述N个进线孔1221与所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴1211一一对应，且所述每个进线孔1221与对应的所述纤芯过孔镶嘴1211同轴。
在实际应用过程中，所述进线孔1221的内径与所述纤芯过孔镶嘴1211的内径的比值小于1+t，并且所述比值大于1-t，t的取值范围为0.3到0.7。
所述挤塑机12还包括锁紧法兰123，所述锁紧法兰123设置在所述模前***122和所述挤塑模具121外侧，用于将所述模前***122与所述挤塑模具121锁固在一起。
可选的，该制造***还包括k*N个加强材料放线架13，k为大于1的 正整数，每个加强材料放线架13用于一根加强材料的放线；一般情况下在挤塑之前会在每根纤芯外包覆一根或多根芳纶或者其他加强材料，因此每根纤芯对应的需要一个或多个加强部件材料架13来放置芳纶或其他加强部件材料。
纤芯***14，包括N个定位孔141，每个定位孔141用于将加强材料放线架13放线出的一根加强材料预固定到所述传输介质放线架11放出的一根传输介质上，所述定位孔141与所述纤芯过孔镶嘴1211一一对应。所述纤芯***14的主要作用是将每根纤芯定位在对应的加强材料的中心位置，挤塑机12具体用于在所述纤芯***14定位后的纤芯外的加强材料外挤塑最外侧依次相连的护套形成多芯光纤。
除了上述的结构，在实际制造本发明的光纤时，该***还包括：N个张紧轮15，所述张紧轮15用于将纤芯张紧，如图3a所示，八个张紧轮15分别将每个传输介质放线架11放出的传输介质张紧，然后通过模前***14的定位孔141定位，送入挤塑机12进行挤塑，形成相邻纤芯护套相连的多芯光纤。
挤塑完成的多芯光纤经过冷却槽16，冷却槽16对从所述挤塑机12挤塑完成的所述多芯光纤进行冷却。该制造***还包括至少多芯光纤张紧轮17和收线器18；所述收线器18用于将在所述多芯光纤张紧轮17上进行张紧的多芯光纤收线。
具体的，在生产本申请提供的多芯光纤的过程中，以8跟纤芯的光纤为例，传输介质放线架11包括则为八个，每个传输介质放线架上放置有一根紧套光纤(纤芯)，对应有八个纤芯张紧轮15，每个紧套光纤通过一个纤芯张紧轮15张紧，结合附图3a，加强材料放线架13有二十四个放置芳纶的加强部件材料架，即每根紧套光纤外定位三根加强材料，在通过纤芯***14在每根紧套光纤周围定位三根芳纶，将紧套光纤定位在三根加强材料(例如芳纶)的中心，然后经过挤塑机12的模前***122对芳纶进一步定位，然后在芳纶外挤塑形成PVC护套，每根纤芯外的PVC护套的最外侧与相邻纤芯外的PVC外皮依次相连，形成如图2所示的一排外皮相连可撕开的多芯光纤，经过挤塑机形成的多芯光纤在冷却水槽中进行冷却，再经过张紧轮和收线器将成型的多芯光纤收线，完成 整个生产过程。
本实施例提供的光纤的制造***，通过设置多个传输介质放线架放置纤芯，并设置包括新型挤塑模具的挤塑机，对每根纤芯外挤塑护套，该挤塑模具挤塑后相邻的纤芯外的护套的最外侧粘连，形成可按照纤芯撕开的多芯光纤，另外，模前***与公模通过紧锁法兰进行组装，在线缆挤塑前的芯线穿线工序中可将其与挤塑模具拆卸分离，逐一穿线然后组合，方便快捷。
图5a为本发明的光纤的制造方法的流程图，图5b为本发明的光纤的制造方法的挤塑过程示意图，如图5a所示，该制造方法的步骤具体包括：
S101：获得N个并排排列的纤芯。
结合上述制造***的实施例，从N个传输介质放线架上获取N个并列的纤芯用来挤塑，该纤芯可以是紧包光纤。
S102：将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具包括的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴，并分别将塑胶独立地挤塑到每个纤芯上形成护套，其中，所述每个纤芯与所述每个纤芯通过的纤芯过孔镶嘴一一对应，相邻纤芯过孔镶嘴间的距离使所述纤芯中的每对相邻的纤芯的护套相连为一体，从而形成带状光纤。
在本实施例中，将获取的N个并排排列的纤芯送入挤塑机进行挤塑，具体是将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴进行挤塑，具体实现为：将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴，在所述纤芯通过所述纤芯过孔镶嘴的过程中，将所述每个纤芯位于所述每个纤芯对应的纤芯过孔镶嘴中的部分，与所述所述每个纤芯对应的纤芯过孔镶嘴同轴。
挤塑机在纤芯外挤塑形成PVC护套，每根纤芯外的PVC护套的最外侧与相邻纤芯外的PVC外皮依次相连，形成如图2所示的一排外皮相连可撕开的多芯光纤，经过挤塑机形成的多芯光纤在冷却水槽中进行冷却，再经过张紧轮和收线器将成型的多芯光纤收线，完成整个生产过程。
本实施例提供的光纤的制造方法，将获得N个并排排列的纤芯，通 过挤塑模具纤芯过孔镶嘴，并分别将塑胶独立地挤塑到每个纤芯上形成护套，形成多芯光纤的相邻的纤芯外的护套的最外侧相连，且可以撕开，该光纤可以按照既定的纤芯数量应用，还可以将每根纤芯从护套独立撕开使用，用户可以撕开成不同芯数，扩展该光纤的应用场景，并能有效节省布放光纤的时间。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种光纤，其特征在于，所述光纤包括：护套和N根纤芯，N为大于1的正整数，所述护套包覆在所述每根纤芯的外侧，所述护套用于保护所述每根线芯，所述N根纤芯并排排列，且所述N根纤芯的排列方向垂直于所述纤芯的轴向方向，所述N根纤芯中相邻的纤芯外侧的所述护套相连为一体，使得所述光纤为带状光纤。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤，其特征在于，所述护套可沿所述光纤的轴向撕开，并且在所述护套沿所述光纤轴向方向撕开后，所述每个纤芯外侧包覆有所述护套。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的光纤，其特征在于，所述每根纤芯包括传输介质和围绕所述传输介质的加强材料，所述加强材料用于提高所述光纤的抗拉强度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光纤，其特征在于，所述传输介质包括紧包光纤。
  5. 一种光纤的制造***，其特征在于，包括：
    传输介质放线架，所述传输介质放线架的个数为N个，N为大于1的正整数，每个传输介质放线架用于一根传输介质的放线；
    挤塑机，包括挤塑模具，所述挤塑模具包括并排排列的N个纤芯过孔镶嘴，所述挤塑模具用于在所述N根纤芯的每根纤芯通过唯一对应的一个纤芯过孔镶嘴时，将塑胶分别挤塑到所述N根纤芯上形成护套，所述护套用于保护所述N根线芯；
    相邻纤芯过孔镶嘴间的距离使得在所述N根纤芯的相邻的纤芯从所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴通过后，所述相邻的纤芯外侧的所述护套相连为一体，其中，所述纤芯包含所述传输介质放线架放线出的传输介质。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的***，其特征在于，所述挤塑模具还包括挤塑流道，所述挤塑流道用于引导塑胶到所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴处，并且使得所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴处的挤塑压力均衡。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的***，其特征在于，所述挤塑机还包括模前***，所述模前***与所述挤塑模具紧固在一起；
    所述模前***包括N个进线孔，每个进线孔用于一根纤芯进入所 述挤塑机，其中，所述N个进线孔与所述N个纤芯过孔镶嘴一一对应，且所述每个进线孔与对应的所述纤芯过孔镶嘴同轴，所述进线孔的内径与所述纤芯过孔镶嘴的内径的比值小于1+t，并且所述比值大于1-t，t的取值范围为0.3到0.7。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的***，其特征在于，所述挤塑机还包括锁紧法兰，所述锁紧法兰设置在所述模前***和所述挤塑模具外侧，用于将所述模前***与所述挤塑模具锁固在一起。
  9. 根据权利要求5至8任一项所述***，其特征在于，还包括：
    k*N个加强材料放线架，k为大于1的正整数，每个加强材料放线架用于一根加强材料的放线；
    纤芯***，包括N个定位孔，每个定位孔用于将加强材料放线架放线出的一根加强材料预固定到所述传输介质放线架放出的一根传输介质上，所述定位孔与所述纤芯过孔镶嘴一一对应。
  10. 根据权利要求5至9任一项所述的***，其特征在于，还包括：N个张紧轮，所述张紧轮用于将纤芯张紧。
  11. 一种光纤的制造方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获得N个并排排列的纤芯；
    将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具包括的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴，并分别将塑胶独立地挤塑到每个纤芯上形成护套，其中，所述每个纤芯与所述每个纤芯通过的纤芯过孔镶嘴一一对应，相邻纤芯过孔镶嘴间的距离使所述纤芯中的每对相邻的纤芯的护套相连为一体，从而形成带状光纤。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴包括：
    将所述纤芯通过挤塑模具的N个并排排列纤芯过孔镶嘴，在所述纤芯通过所述纤芯过孔镶嘴的过程中，将所述每个纤芯位于所述每个纤芯对应的纤芯过孔镶嘴中的部分，与所述所述每个纤芯对应的纤芯过孔镶嘴同轴。
PCT/CN2015/083672 2015-02-10 2015-07-09 光纤、光纤的制造***和制造方法 WO2016127562A1 (zh)

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