WO2016088841A1 - 絶縁材 - Google Patents
絶縁材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016088841A1 WO2016088841A1 PCT/JP2015/084033 JP2015084033W WO2016088841A1 WO 2016088841 A1 WO2016088841 A1 WO 2016088841A1 JP 2015084033 W JP2015084033 W JP 2015084033W WO 2016088841 A1 WO2016088841 A1 WO 2016088841A1
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- acid
- ester
- insulating material
- resin
- phthalate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/11—Esters; Ether-esters of acyclic polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
- H01B3/421—Polyesters
- H01B3/422—Linear saturated polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/04—Antistatic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/26—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/28—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment by reaction with halogens or compounds containing halogen
- C08L23/286—Chlorinated polyethylene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an insulating material.
- this invention relates to the insulating material which consists of a resin composition containing ester, and the electric wire using this insulating material.
- Vinyl chloride resin (polyvinyl chloride, PVC) is one of typical plastics, and is inexpensive and has excellent physical properties. Vinyl chloride resin is hard and brittle due to strong interaction between highly polar molecular chains and is difficult to process as it is, so it is used with a plasticizer added. The plasticizer penetrates between the molecular chains to weaken the interaction between the molecular chains and soften the vinyl chloride resin.
- esters are used as plasticizers, and aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acid esters such as phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, and pyromellitic acid; aliphatic polycarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid Polyvalent carboxylic acid ester; polyester type, epoxy type, phosphoric acid type, etc. are generally used. Since these plasticizers have different performances depending on the type, they are often used alone or in combination depending on the purpose. Among these plasticizers, phthalic acid type, especially dioctyl phthalate is often used because it is excellent in plastic performance, heat resistance and cold resistance and is inexpensive. The hardness of vinyl chloride resin is determined by the type and amount of plasticizer to be added, and is roughly classified into hard and soft.
- Soft vinyl chloride resin has excellent physical properties such as water resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, solvent resistance, chemical stability, flame resistance, and electrical insulation, and various films, sheets, ropes, agricultural materials, and construction Widely used in materials, automotive parts, insulation materials and wire coating materials.
- the volume resistivity of soft vinyl chloride resin also varies depending on the type of plasticizer used and the molecular structure.
- the volume resistivity of the soft vinyl chloride resin increases as the degree of branching of the alcohol carbon chain constituting the plasticizer molecule increases.
- Patent Document 1 for an aliphatic alcohol mixture having 10 carbon atoms and a phthalic acid diester mixture produced from such an alcohol mixture, the parameters indicating the topological characteristics of the branched structure are defined, and the phthalic acid diester within a specific range. It is disclosed that a soft vinyl chloride resin using a mixture as a plasticizer is excellent in cold resistance, heat resistance, electrical insulation and the like.
- Patent Document 2 a mixture of C10 alcohols having various branched structures (2-propyl-1-heptanol, 4-methyl-2-propyl-1-hexanol, 5-methyl-2-propyl-1-hexanol, 2-vinyl-1-heptanol) and soft vinyl chloride resin using phthalic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, and other carboxylic acid esters as plasticizers for electrical insulation It is disclosed that it is excellent. Trimellitic acid esters and pyromellitic acid esters are known as plasticizers that impart excellent volume resistivity. Patent Document 3 discloses aromatic polyvalent esters such as trimellitic acid esters and pyromellitic acid esters. A vinyl chloride resin composition for electric wire coating that uses a carboxylate ester plasticizer and is excellent in electrical insulation is disclosed.
- the volume resistivity of the soft vinyl chloride resin using the plasticizer disclosed in the above-mentioned literature is higher than that required for thinner insulation and wire coating materials using soft vinyl chloride resin. There is still room for improvement in responding to. Moreover, it is still unclear as to what specific branched structure contributes to the volume resistivity improvement of the soft vinyl chloride resin with respect to the alcohol moiety in the plasticizer molecule.
- the object of the present invention is to maintain a balance of performance such as mechanical strength, heat resistance, oil resistance, bleed-out resistance, and plasticizer migration resistance equivalent to those of conventional resin compositions containing phthalates.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an insulating material having an excellent volume resistivity.
- the present inventors have surprisingly found that the resin composition containing the plasticizer has a volume resistivity by giving the unit constituting the ester moiety in the molecule used as the plasticizer a specific branched structure. As a result, the present invention was completed.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- An insulating material comprising a resin composition containing [2] The ester (i) is represented by the following formula (1)
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the acid component is one selected from an aromatic polycarboxylic acid, an aromatic polycarboxylic anhydride, an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid, and an aliphatic polycarboxylic anhydride.
- Insulation [4] The insulating material according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or an isopropyl group.
- an insulating material having an excellent volume resistivity and an electric wire using the insulating material can be provided.
- the insulating material of the present invention comprises an ester (hereinafter referred to as ester (i)) having at least one structural unit represented by the following formula (A) (hereinafter referred to as structural unit (A)) and resin (ii). It consists of the resin composition to contain.
- ester hereinafter referred to as ester (i)
- structural unit (A) structural unit represented by the following formula (A)
- resin (ii) resin
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- ester (i) examples include benzoate, 2-methylbenzoate, 3-methylbenzoate, 4-methylbenzoate, 1-naphthoate, 2-naphthoate, 2-furancarboxylic acid.
- Aromatic monocarboxylic acid esters such as esters and 3-furancarboxylic acid esters
- aromatic polycarboxylic acid esters such as phthalic acid esters, isophthalic acid esters, terephthalic acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, and pyromellitic acid esters
- caprylic acid Aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters such as esters, capric acid esters, lauric acid esters, myristic acid esters, palmitic acid esters, stearic acid esters, oleic acid esters
- oxalic acid esters malonic acid esters, succinic acid esters, glutaric acid esters Adipic acid ester, pimelic acid ester, suberic acid ester, azel
- phthalic acid ester isophthalic acid ester, terephthalic acid ester, trimellitic acid ester, pyromellitic acid ester, adipic acid ester, pimelic acid ester, suberic acid ester, azelaic acid ester, sebacic acid ester, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid
- acid esters 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid esters, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid esters
- phthalic acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, adipic acid esters, azelaic acid esters, sebacic acid esters, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid Acid esters are particularly preferred.
- the production method of the ester (i) is not particularly limited, and can be produced using a known method.
- a carboxylic acid ester it can be produced by esterifying a desired carboxylic acid or its anhydride and an alcohol (1) described later, and carrying out the reaction while removing water produced by the condensation reaction out of the system.
- a phosphate ester for example, phosphoryl chloride is reacted with alcohol (1) described later in the presence of a catalyst such as aluminum chloride, neutralized, washed with water, and purified by removing hydrochloric acid and other impurities as a by-product. Can be manufactured.
- the ester (i) is preferably produced by condensing an alcohol represented by the following formula (1) (hereinafter referred to as alcohol (1)) and an acid component.
- alcohol (1) an alcohol represented by the following formula (1)
- ester (i) which other alcohols condensed with alcohol (1) other than ester (i) which only alcohol (1) condensed as alcohol can also be manufactured.
- ester (i) is what condensed only alcohol (1) as alcohol.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms independently represented by R 1 and R 2 is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or an isopropyl group.
- R 1 is more preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or an isopropyl group
- R 2 is more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, more preferably R 1 is an isopropyl group and R 2 is a methyl group.
- the alcohol (1) includes 2,5-dimethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethyl-5-methyl-1-hexanol, 5-methyl-2-propyl-1-hexanol, 2-isopropyl-5.
- the production method of the alcohol (1) is not particularly limited, and for example, an olefin having about 6 to 12 carbon atoms obtained by multimerization of a lower olefin having about 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as ethylene is converted into an aldehyde by a hydroformylation reaction, followed by Known methods such as a method of hydrogenation, a method of dimerizing an aldehyde having 5 carbon atoms obtained by a hydroformylation reaction of butenes by aldol condensation, and subsequent hydrogenation can be mentioned.
- esters (i) a method for producing a carboxylic acid ester will be described in detail below.
- the preparation of the carboxylic acid ester can be carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction.
- Aromatic solvents such as benzene and mesitylene; tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 3-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, 2-methyltetrahydropyran, 3-methyltetrahydropyran, 4-methyltetrahydropyran, 1,4-dioxane, cyclopentyl Methyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol
- the amount of the solvent used is preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the carboxylic acid from the viewpoint of volumetric efficiency and water removal efficiency by azeotropy.
- the amount is more preferably 2.5 parts by mass, and further preferably 1.5 to 2 parts by mass.
- the esterification reaction may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
- the catalyst include compounds that act as various Bronsted acids or Lewis acids such as sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, tetraisopropyl titanate, dibutyltin oxide, and aluminum chloride. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, methanesulfonic acid or paratoluenesulfonic acid is preferably used from the viewpoint of compatibility with the solvent.
- the amount of the catalyst used is preferably 0.01 to 0.05 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of carboxylic acid from the viewpoint of reaction rate and cost, More preferably, it is 0.03 mass part.
- the reaction temperature of the esterification reaction is not particularly limited, but is usually set to be equal to or lower than the boiling point of the produced ester from the viewpoint of the thermal stability of the produced ester. Although it varies depending on the type of carboxylic acid or anhydride, alcohol, solvent used, etc., it is generally preferably 60 to 250 ° C, more preferably 100 to 200 ° C.
- reaction pressure of esterification reaction There is no restriction
- the reaction under normal pressure is preferable from the viewpoint of simplification of the reaction apparatus / equipment.
- the reaction time of the esterification reaction varies depending on the type of carboxylic acid or anhydride, alcohol, or solvent used, but is usually 1 to 10 hours, and more preferably 3 to 7 hours.
- esterification reaction After completion of the esterification reaction, general post-treatments such as neutralization of the acid catalyst, washing with water, dehydration under reduced pressure, filtration, sublimation purification, vacuum distillation, steam distillation are performed, and the remaining unreacted carboxylic acid or its anhydride
- the desired ester can be obtained by removing alcohol, catalyst and the like.
- an additive generally used for example, a decoloring agent, a deodorizing agent, an adsorbing agent or the like may be added as necessary.
- Esters (i) are used as plasticizers constituting the insulating material of the present invention, as well as solvents such as agricultural chemical production solvents and paint solvents; compatibility improvers, diluents, processability improvers, lubricants and other resins.
- Modifiers Sealants; Rubber processing agents; Pharmaceuticals, fragrances, surfactants, agrochemicals, liquid crystals, electronic materials and other functional materials and synthetic intermediates; raw material intermediates for polymer end-capping agents; automobiles Lubricants for engines and drive devices for ships and aircraft, reduction gearbox devices, compressors, vacuum pump lubricants, refrigeration oils, metal processing oils, textile processing oils and other industrial lubricants, greases and other lubricants; olefins It can be used as a constituent of a similar polymerization catalyst (for example, an electron donor); a gasoline additive and the like.
- a similar polymerization catalyst for example, an electron donor
- gasoline additive for example, an electron donor
- Esters (i) can be used in admixture with other plasticizers as necessary within the range not impairing the gist of the present invention. Although there is no restriction
- plasticizers examples include dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, diallyl phthalate, diisopropyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, disec-butyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, di-tert-butyl phthalate Dipentyl phthalate, diisopentyl phthalate, dihexyl phthalate, diisohexyl phthalate, diheptyl phthalate, diisoheptyl phthalate, bisbutylbenzyl phthalate, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate , Dinonyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, di (3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) phthalate, di-n-decyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate,
- the resin composition containing the ester (i) and the resin (ii) is excellent in various physical properties such as flexibility and can be suitably used for various applications.
- the resin (ii) include vinyl chloride resin, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, poly Tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid, styrene resin, cellulose resin, acrylic resin, acrylonitrile resin, urethane resin, vinyl acetate resin, butyral resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate-carbon monoxide copolymer resin, styrene-acrylonitrile cop
- vinyl chloride resin refers mainly to vinyl chloride, such as unmodified vinyl chloride resin using only vinyl chloride as a monomer, and copolymers with other comonomers mainly composed of vinyl chloride.
- resin refers to resin as a structural unit.
- the resin is produced by a conventionally known method such as a suspension polymerization method.
- Comonomers that can be copolymerized with vinyl chloride include, for example, ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, and 1-butene; conjugated dienes such as butadiene and isoprene; vinyl alcohol, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, fumaric acid, or Examples thereof include esters thereof, maleic acid or esters thereof and anhydrides thereof, acrylic acid or esters thereof, methacrylic acid or esters thereof, and isoprenol.
- ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, and 1-butene
- conjugated dienes such as butadiene and isoprene
- vinyl alcohol, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, fumaric acid or Examples thereof include esters thereof, maleic acid or esters thereof and anhydrides thereof, acrylic acid or esters thereof, methacrylic acid or esters thereof, and isopre
- the blending amount of the ester (i) into the resin (ii) varies depending on the degree of flexibility and processability desired, but the total amount of the ester (i) and other known plasticizers mixed as necessary.
- the amount of the resin (ii) is usually 1 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 150 parts by weight, and more preferably 30 to 70 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin (ii). If the amount added is less than 1 part by mass, the flexibility and workability of the resulting resin composition tend to be insufficient, and if the amount added is greater than 200 parts by mass, the bleedout or processing of ester (i) from the resin composition There is a tendency that the gelation failure at the time tends to occur.
- an additive may be added to the resin (ii) in addition to the ester (i) as long as the purpose of the present invention is not impaired.
- additives include fillers such as silica powder, clay, talc, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate; liquid paraffin, waxes, higher fatty acids or salts thereof, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, higher alcohols, metal soaps, etc.
- Lubricants Barium borate, Zinc borate, Antimony trioxide, Zinc oxide, Chlorinated polyethylene, Phosphoric flame retardant, Halogen flame retardant, etc .; Phenol antioxidant, Sulfur antioxidant, Phosphorous Antioxidants such as antioxidants; Colorants such as inorganic pigments and organic pigments; Ultraviolet absorbers such as benzotriazoles, benzophenones and hindered amines; Foaming agents such as oxybisbenzylhydrazide and azodicarbonamide; Tribasic Lead sulfate, lead orthosilicate-silica gel coprecipitate, dibasic lead stearate, Lead stabilizers such as basic lead phthalate; barium-zinc stabilizer, barium-cadmium stabilizer, calcium-zinc stabilizer, aluminum stabilizer, silicon stabilizer, tin stabilizer, magnesium Stabilizers such as stabilizers; surfactants; antistatic agents and the like.
- the blending amount is usually within the range of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin (ii). It is desirable.
- a resin composition can be prepared to obtain the insulating material of the present invention. Thereafter, it can be processed and molded into a desired product form by a known molding method such as extrusion molding, calendar molding, injection molding, thermoforming, coating processing, dipping processing and the like.
- the application of the insulating material of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be applied to any application that requires electrical insulation.
- the resin composition constituting the insulating material of the present invention can be applied to various uses where electrical insulation is not necessarily required.
- an extrusion coating apparatus equipped with a conventionally known extruder can be used.
- the extruder temperature is 160 to 200 ° C. and the crosshead temperature is 180 ° C., it is possible to produce an electric wire of about 300 to 450 meters per minute.
- the form of the electric wire to which the insulating material of the present invention can be applied for covering the electric wire is not particularly limited, and can be applied as an insulating material to various known electric wires such as a single wire, a flat wire, and a shielded wire.
- the method of using the electric wire of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be used, for example, for automobiles, electrical equipment, communications, power, ships, and aircraft.
- the solution was heated to an internal temperature of 120 ° C. with stirring and reacted for 5 hours. Thereafter, the reaction system is reduced in pressure to remove the solvent and unreacted 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1-hexanol, and then neutralized, washed with water, and dehydrated under reduced pressure to give bis (2-isopropyl phthalate). 144 g (0.322 mol) of -5-methyl-1-hexyl) was obtained.
- Example 1 The physical properties of the soft vinyl chloride resin sheets obtained in Production Examples 1 to 4 were measured and evaluated by the following methods. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Tensile test A test was performed in accordance with JIS K6723.
- Volume resistivity test The test was conducted at 30 ° C. according to JIS K 6723.
- Tensile test after heating Each test was conducted after heating at 100 ° C. and 120 ° C. for 120 hours in accordance with JIS K 6723.
- Oil resistance test Based on JIS K6723, the test was conducted after immersion in a test oil at 70 ° C. for 4 hours.
- the following points were recognized for the insulating material of the present invention. Comparing the phthalate esters, the volume resistivity of the soft vinyl chloride sheets obtained by molding the resin compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 7 using the phthalate ester having no structural unit (A) is low. On the other hand, the soft vinyl chloride sheet obtained by molding the resin composition of Example 1 using the ester (i) having the structural unit (A) showed high volume resistivity.
- the soft vinyl chloride sheet obtained by molding the resin composition using the trimellitic acid ester of Example 2 having the structural unit (A) has the structural unit (A). Even when mixed with dioctyl phthalate which is not used, a high volume resistivity comparable to that obtained using only trioctyl trimellitic acid of Comparative Example 8 was exhibited.
- Trimellitic acid ester is known as a plasticizer capable of imparting various performances required for soft vinyl chloride resin without significantly impairing the volume resistivity inherent to vinyl chloride resin, compared to phthalate ester and the like.
- trimellitic acid ester having the structural unit (A) If trimellitic acid ester having the structural unit (A) is used, an equivalent effect can be obtained simply by replacing a part of the phthalic acid ester used with the trimellitic acid ester. Therefore, the amount of expensive trimellitic acid used can be reduced. Can be suppressed.
- Resin compositions are used in various applications, and the required performance varies depending on each application.
- the required amount can be specified for the mechanical properties, volume resistivity, heat resistance, oil resistance, and plasticizer migration resistance of the resin composition.
- the values in the examples can be regarded as one standard. From the results of the examples, when the addition amount of the plasticizer is equal, only when the ester (i) having a specific structure having the structural unit (A) is used as the plasticizer, the mechanical strength, heat resistance, It can be seen that excellent volume resistivity can be exhibited while maintaining oil resistance and plasticizer migration.
- the insulating material of the present invention has a high volume resistivity and can be advantageously used for any application that requires electrical insulation.
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Abstract
Description
これら可塑剤の中でもフタル酸系、特にフタル酸ジオクチルが可塑性能、耐熱性、耐寒性に優れ、なおかつ安価であるため多く用いられる。塩化ビニル樹脂は添加する可塑剤の種類と量によってその硬さが決まり、硬質と軟質に大別される。
また優れた体積抵抗率を付与する可塑剤としてはトリメリット酸エステルやピロメリット酸エステルが知られており、特許文献3にはトリメリット酸エステルやピロメリット酸エステルを始めとした芳香族多価カルボン酸エステル系可塑剤を用いた、電気絶縁性に優れた電線被覆用塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物が開示されている。
[1]下記式(A)
で示される構成単位を1つ以上有するエステル(i)、および
樹脂(ii)
を含有する樹脂組成物からなる絶縁材。
[2]前記エステル(i)が下記式(1)
で示されるアルコールおよび酸成分を縮合させて得られるエステルである、[1]の絶縁材。
[3]酸成分が、芳香族多価カルボン酸、芳香族多価カルボン酸無水物、脂肪族多価カルボン酸および脂肪族多価カルボン酸無水物から選択される1種である、[2]の絶縁材。
[4]前記R1およびR2がそれぞれ独立してメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基またはイソプロピル基である、[1]~[3]のいずれかの絶縁材。
[5]絶縁材中に含まれる可塑剤のうち、20質量%以上がエステル(i)である、[1]~[4]のいずれかの絶縁材。
[6]前記樹脂(ii)が塩化ビニル系樹脂である、[1]~[5]のいずれかの絶縁材。
[7][1]~[6]の絶縁材を用いた絶縁方法。
[8][1]~[6]の絶縁材の絶縁のための使用。
[9]電線被覆用である、[1]~[6]のいずれかの絶縁材。
[10][9]の絶縁材を用いた電線。
このうちフタル酸エステル、イソフタル酸エステル、テレフタル酸エステル、トリメリット酸エステル、ピロメリット酸エステル、アジピン酸エステル、ピメリン酸エステル、スベリン酸エステル、アゼライン酸エステル、セバシン酸エステル、1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸エステル、1,3-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸エステル、1,4-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸エステルが好ましく、フタル酸エステル、トリメリット酸エステル、アジピン酸エステル、アゼライン酸エステル、セバシン酸エステル、1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸エステルが特に好ましい。
具体的に、アルコール(1)としては、2,5-ジメチル-1-ヘキサノール、2-エチル-5-メチル-1-ヘキサノール、5-メチル-2-プロピル-1-ヘキサノール、2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキサノール、2,5-ジメチル-1-ヘプタノール、2-エチル-5-メチル-1-ヘプタノール、2,5-ジメチル-1-オクタノール、2,5,6-トリメチル-1-ヘプタノールが好ましく、2,5-ジメチル-1-ヘキサノール、2-エチル-5-メチル-1-ヘキサノール、5-メチル-2-プロピル-1-ヘキサノール、2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキサノールが特に好ましい。
溶媒の存在下で実施する場合、溶媒の使用量は容積効率と共沸による水除去効率の観点から、カルボン酸1質量部に対して0.5~3質量部であるのが好ましく、1~2.5質量部であるのがより好ましく、1.5~2質量部であるのがさらに好ましい。
触媒の存在下で実施する場合、触媒の使用量は、反応速度とコストの観点から、カルボン酸1質量部に対して0.01~0.05質量部であるのが好ましく、0.02~0.03質量部であるのがさらに好ましい。
樹脂(ii)としては、例えば塩化ビニル系樹脂、塩素化ポリエチレン、塩素化ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、ニトリルゴム、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、エチレン-プロピレンゴム、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリフッ化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ乳酸、スチロール樹脂、セルロース樹脂、アクリル樹脂、アクリロニトリル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ブチラール樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル-一酸化炭素共重合樹脂、スチレン-アクリロニトリル共重合樹脂、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレン樹脂、アクリレート-スチレン-アクリロニトリル共重合樹脂などが挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
中でも、塩化ビニル系樹脂であるのが好ましい。
その後、公知の成形方法、例えば押出成形、カレンダー成形、射出成形、熱成形、コーティング加工、ディッピング加工などの成形方法により、所望の製品形態へ加工・成形することができる。
(1)エステル合成
磁気攪拌子、温度計、窒素導入管、Dean-Stark型分水器、および還流冷却管を備えた容量500mlのガラス製三口フラスコに、2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキサノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)123g(0.777mol)、無水フタル酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製)57.5g(0.388mol)、トルエン(和光純薬工業株式会社製)100g、および酸触媒としてメタンスルホン酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製)1.52g(15.8mmol)を窒素雰囲気下で仕込んだ。この溶液を攪拌しながら内温120℃まで加熱し5時間反応させた。その後反応系を減圧にして溶媒と未反応の2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキサノールを除去した後、中和、水洗、減圧下での脱水を行うことで、フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)144g(0.322mol)を得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,テトラメチルシラン(TMS),ppm) δ 0.87(d,CH3,6H),0.88(d,CH3,6H),0.92(d,CH3,12H),1.14~1.61,1.80~1.88(m,14H),4.26(dd,-O-CH2-,4H),7.52(dd,ArH,2H),7.69(dd,ArH,2H)
平均重合度1000のポリ塩化ビニル樹脂(信越化学工業株式会社製、商品名TK-1000)100質量部に対し、前記(1)で合成したフタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部、および安定剤として三塩基性硫酸鉛5質量部を配合した。この混合物をプラネタリーミキサー(東洋精機株式会社製)により120℃、回転数60rpmで混練した。ドライアップ(可塑剤がポリ塩化ビニル樹脂に吸収され、混合物の流動性が増すこと)の完了はミキサーのトルク降下で判定した。この混合物を150℃の二本ミルロール上で10分間ロールし(ロール幅220mm、ロールギャップ1mm)、その後厚さ1mmになるように26トン油圧式成型機(有限会社東邦プレス製作所製)でプレスし(予備プレス:0.5MPa・170℃で4分、プレス:5MPa・170℃で1分、冷却:0.5MPa・20℃で10分)、軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
(1)エステル合成
無水フタル酸の代わりに無水トリメリット酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製)49.8g(0.259mol)を用いた以外は製造例1と同様に反応および後処理を行い、トリメリット酸トリス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)131g(0.208mol)を得た。
1H-NMR分析(400MHz,CDCl3,TMS,ppm) δ 0.87~0.97(m,CH3,36H),1.15~1.65,1.79~1.90(m,21H),4.25~4.36(m,-O-CH2-,6H),7.72(d,ArH,1H),8.17(dd,ArH,1H),8.37(d,ArH,1H)
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、前記(1)で合成したトリメリット酸トリス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)25質量部、フタル酸ジオクチル(花王株式会社製、商品名ビニサイザー80)25質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
(1)エステル合成
無水フタル酸の代わりにアジピン酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製)56.8g(0.389mol)を用いた以外は製造例1と同様に反応および後処理を行い、アジピン酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)129g(0.302mol)を得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz、CDCl3、TMS、ppm) δ 0.86~0.90(m,CH3,24H),1.10~1.55,1.62~1.82(m,18H),2.29~2.34(m,-CH2-COO,4H),3.98~4.07(m,-O-CH2-,4H)
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、前記(1)で合成したアジピン酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
(1)エステル合成
無水フタル酸の代わりにセバシン酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製)78.5g(0.388mol)を用いた以外は製造例1と同様に反応および後処理を行い、セバシン酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)161g(0.333mol)を得た。
1H-NMR分析(400MHz,CDCl3,TMS,ppm) δ 0.86~0.90(m,CH3,24H),1.10~1.83(m,26H),2.28(t,-CH2-COO,4H),3.97~4.06(m,-O-CH2-,4H)
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、前記(1)で合成したセバシン酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、フタル酸ジオクチル(花王株式会社製、商品名ビニサイザー80)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、フタル酸ジイソノニル(花王株式会社製、商品名ビニサイザー90)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、フタル酸ジイソデシル(株式会社ジェイ・プラス製)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、フタル酸ビス(2-プロピル-1-ヘプチル)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、フタル酸ビス(2-エチル-1-オクチル)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、フタル酸ビス(3,7-ジメチル-1-オクチル)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、フタル酸ビス(2-メチル-1-ノニル)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、トリメリット酸トリオクチル(花王株式会社製、商品名トリメックスT-08NB)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
フタル酸ビス(2-イソプロピル-5-メチル-1-ヘキシル)50質量部の代わりに、アジピン酸ジイソデシル(花王株式会社製、商品名ビニサイザー50)50質量部を用いた以外は製造例1の(2)と同様にして軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートを製造した。
製造例1~4で得られた軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートについて下記の方法で各物性を測定・評価した。結果を表1に示す。
(1)引張試験:JIS K6723に準拠して試験を行った。
(2)体積抵抗率試験:JIS K 6723に準拠し、30℃で試験を行った。
(3)加熱後引張試験:JIS K 6723に準拠し、100℃、120℃で120時間加熱後にそれぞれ試験を行った。
(4)耐油性試験:JIS K6723に準拠し、70℃の試験用油に4時間浸漬後に試験を行った。
(5)ブリードアウト試験:100mm×100mm×1mmに成型した試験片(n=3)を70℃のオーブン中で20日間加熱し、可塑剤のブリードアウト(PVCシートからの染み出し)の有無を目視で確認し評価した(n=3)。
(6)移行性試験:20mm×50mm×1mmに成型した試験片一枚と同形のABS樹脂板一枚を重ねあわせ、80℃のオーブン中で72時間加熱し、PVCシートからABS樹脂板への可塑剤の移行の有無を目視で確認し評価した(n=6)。さらに、ABS樹脂板の代わりにポリエチレン樹脂板を用いて同様の試験を行った。
比較製造例1~9で得られた軟質塩化ビニル樹脂シートについて、実施例1~4と同様に各物性を測定・評価した。結果を表1に示す。
フタル酸エステル間で比較をすると、構成単位(A)を有さないフタル酸エステルを用いた比較例1~7の樹脂組成物を成形して得た軟質塩化ビニルシートの体積抵抗率は低いのに対し、構成単位(A)を有するエステル(i)を用いた実施例1の樹脂組成物を成形して得た軟質塩化ビニルシートは高い体積抵抗率を示した。
実施例1、2、3、4の樹脂組成物それぞれについて、スクリュー直径60mm、L/D=25の電線押出機を用い、押出機のシリンダー温度を190℃、クロスヘッド部温度を180℃に設定し、線速毎分400mで銅線上に樹脂組成物を押出成形することで、被覆電線を製造した。
Claims (10)
- 酸成分が、芳香族多価カルボン酸、芳香族多価カルボン酸無水物、脂肪族多価カルボン酸および脂肪族多価カルボン酸無水物から選択される1種である、請求項2に記載の絶縁材。
- 前記R1およびR2がそれぞれ独立してメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基またはイソプロピル基である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁材。
- 絶縁材中に含まれる可塑剤のうち、20質量%以上がエステル(i)である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁材。
- 前記樹脂(ii)が塩化ビニル系樹脂である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁材。
- 請求項1~6に記載の絶縁材を用いた絶縁方法。
- 請求項1~6に記載の絶縁材の絶縁のための使用。
- 電線被覆用である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁材。
- 請求項9に記載の絶縁材を用いた電線。
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CN106674821A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-17 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 耐高温电缆护套料及其制备方法 |
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WO2021060149A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-01 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 透明ポリウレタン及びその製造方法並びに透明ポリウレタンを含む熱硬化性組成物及び透明導電フィルム |
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DE112018007374B4 (de) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-06-27 | Autonetworks Technologies, Ltd. | Kabelstrang und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kabelstrangs |
KR102665699B1 (ko) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-05-20 | 주식회사 퍼시픽인터켐코포레이션 | 첨가제 조성물 |
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CN106700345A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-24 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 耐寒电缆护套料及其制备方法 |
CN106700346A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-24 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 电缆用耐高温护套料及其制备方法 |
CN106751225A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 耐磨电缆护套料及其制备方法 |
CN106751224A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 耐磨电缆护套料及其制备方法 |
WO2021060149A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-01 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 透明ポリウレタン及びその製造方法並びに透明ポリウレタンを含む熱硬化性組成物及び透明導電フィルム |
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JPWO2016088841A1 (ja) | 2017-09-14 |
EP3228667A1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
CN107001805A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
EP3228667A4 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
US10811165B2 (en) | 2020-10-20 |
CN107001805B (zh) | 2020-10-02 |
JP6725114B2 (ja) | 2020-07-15 |
US20170271042A1 (en) | 2017-09-21 |
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