WO2016084139A1 - 空気調和機 - Google Patents
空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016084139A1 WO2016084139A1 PCT/JP2014/081141 JP2014081141W WO2016084139A1 WO 2016084139 A1 WO2016084139 A1 WO 2016084139A1 JP 2014081141 W JP2014081141 W JP 2014081141W WO 2016084139 A1 WO2016084139 A1 WO 2016084139A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotational speed
- outdoor fan
- command voltage
- fan motor
- speed command
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0003—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station characterised by a split arrangement, wherein parts of the air-conditioning system, e.g. evaporator and condenser, are in separately located units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
- F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
- F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
- F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/029—Control issues
- F25B2313/0294—Control issues related to the outdoor fan, e.g. controlling speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/05—Cost reduction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/17—Speeds
- F25B2700/173—Speeds of the evaporator fan
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-144546 (Patent Document 1) describes a conventional air conditioner that detects and removes frost on an outdoor heat exchanger of an outdoor unit during heating operation. There is something. The thing of this patent document 1 detects the frost formation of the outdoor heat exchanger at the time of heating operation by measuring the electric current of the outdoor fan (outdoor fan) which ventilates an outdoor heat exchanger, and starts defrost operation. It is described. That is, it is known that the defrosting operation is performed by estimating the frost formation of the heat exchanger by detecting the increase in the current of the outdoor fan motor.
- An air conditioner comprising a control unit that generates a rotational speed command voltage for controlling the rotational speed of the outdoor fan motor, wherein the control unit is configured to increase a duty ratio or a duty ratio for generating the rotational speed command voltage. The defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger is started based on the ratio.
- FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram showing Example 1 of an air conditioner of the present invention, and the example shown in FIG. 1 is a diagram when the air conditioner is performing a heating operation.
- the four-way valve 13 is switched, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 11 first flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and the refrigerant gas is condensed by exchanging heat with outdoor air.
- the condensed refrigerant liquid exits from the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and flows to the indoor unit side, is decompressed by the indoor expansion valve 42 and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 41 as a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and exchanges heat with indoor air.
- the room air is cooled, and it is gasified to become a high-energy low-pressure refrigerant gas, which is again sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
- the four-way valve 13 is switched from the heating operation state, and the outdoor heat exchanger 14 that is frosting the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 11 as in the cooling operation.
- the frost adhering to the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is melted. This defrosting operation is continued until the frost is almost eliminated, and when the frost is eliminated, the four-way valve 13 is switched to the heating operation side, and the normal heating operation is started again.
- the rotational speed (number of rotations) of the outdoor fan is controlled to be constant by the rotational speed command voltage, and the rotational speed command voltage in this control is detected to detect the arrival speed. It detects frost and enables defrost determination.
- the defrosting determination of this embodiment will be described.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the outdoor unit 10 shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, only one outdoor fan 12 is shown. However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of outdoor fans 12 having a fan motor 20 and a fan inverter 21 are provided on the top and bottom.
- the board 31 is connected to the plurality of fan motors 21, and the plurality of fan motors 20 are controlled synchronously or asynchronously by one control board 31.
- Reference numeral 14 denotes an outdoor heat exchanger, which is configured to ventilate the outdoor heat exchanger 14 with the plurality of outdoor fans 12, and the outdoor air is like an air flow indicated by white arrows in FIG. Flowing.
- FIG. 3 is a control block diagram showing a control flow of the outdoor fan shown in FIG. 1, and shows an example in which an inverter board is mounted on the outdoor fan motor.
- the current actual rotational speed (actual rotational speed) N1 is fed back from the outdoor fan motor 20 to the fan inverter 21.
- the rotation speed information is further sent to the control board (control unit) 31.
- the control board 31 compares the target rotation speed (target rotation speed) N with the received actual rotation speed N1, and the difference is constant. If the value is larger than the value, a value called a duty ratio (duty ratio), which is an electric signal that brings the actual rotational speed of the fan motor 20 close to the target rotational speed, is generated and output. Based on this electrical signal, the control board 31 converts the rotational speed command voltage into a rotational speed command voltage that is increased or decreased.
- a duty ratio duty ratio
- the rotation speed command voltage is a voltage signal for controlling the drive voltage for driving the outdoor fan 12, and as shown by the following equation (1), the output voltage k ( For example, 5V etc.) and the duty ratio (duty ratio).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a waveform of a duty ratio for generating a rotation speed command voltage.
- the duty ratio is the ratio of the pulse width (hereinafter referred to as duty) to the period of the duty signal in the waveform signal (duty signal) having the duty ratio shown in FIG.
- this duty ratio Based on this duty ratio, it is converted into a rotational speed command voltage from the above equation (1), and this rotational speed command voltage is sent to the fan inverter 21, where it is converted from the speed command voltage and a DC voltage to a three-phase AC voltage.
- the three-phase AC voltage is sent to the outdoor fan motor 20. Since the fan motor 20 controls the rotational speed with voltage, after receiving the three-phase AC voltage, the fan motor 20 is automatically processed to adjust the rotational speed of the fan motor 20.
- the rotational speed command voltage increases as frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 14 progresses and the amount of frost formation increases, as shown in FIG. Have a tendency. This is because the load acting on the outdoor fan 12 increases as frosting progresses, and in the case of the same electric input, the rotational speed decreases as the load increases.
- the control board 31 works in the direction to return to the number, and the speed command voltage increases.
- the frost formation state to the outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be estimated from the relationship shown in FIG. 5 by using the generated rotation speed command voltage. That is, when the value of the rotation speed command voltage exceeds the threshold value (predetermined value) shown in the figure, it can be estimated that the amount of frost formation has increased beyond a certain value. Therefore, in the first embodiment, in the control board 31, it is determined whether or not the rotation speed command voltage exceeds a predetermined value, and when it exceeds the predetermined value (threshold value), the defrosting operation is started. It is configured.
- the control board 31 grasps the current actual rotational speed N1 fed back from the fan motor 20, the actual rotational speed of the fan motor 20 due to frost formation. By using the decrease phenomenon, frost formation can be detected.
- the control board 31 is configured to detect frost formation when the actual rotational speed N1 of the fan motor 20 fed back from the fan motor 20 falls below a predetermined value with respect to the target rotational speed N. Can do. Even if comprised in this way, the electric current detection sensor for frost detection becomes unnecessary, and frost formation can be detected cheaply.
- this rotational speed command voltage respond corresponds to duty ratio 1: 1 as shown in the said Formula (1). Since the relationship is proportional, the frost detection may be performed using this duty ratio. That is, the relationship between the speed command voltage and the frost amount shown in FIG. 5 has the same tendency as the relationship between the duty ratio and the frost amount shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram showing the relationship between the duty ratio of the speed command voltage and the amount of frost formation.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the increase ratio of the duty ratio of the rotational speed command voltage and the amount of frost formation.
- FIG. 7 has the same tendency as that of FIG. 6 except that the unit and the numerical order are different. Therefore, the frost formation can be detected based on the duty ratio increase ratio in the same manner as the case where the frost formation is detected using the speed command voltage and the duty ratio, and the duty ratio increase ratio is predetermined. When the threshold value (predetermined value) is exceeded, it may be determined (estimated) that frost is formed, and the defrosting operation may be started.
- the phenomenon of lowering the actual rotation speed of the fan motor 20 is used, or the duty ratio or duty ratio of the rotation speed command voltage is increased. You may make it detect frost formation using a ratio.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the relationship of the rotational speed command voltage with respect to the target rotational speed in comparison with no frosting and a large amount of frosting.
- the rotational speed command voltage with respect to the number is shown, and the speed command voltage increases as the target rotational speed increases.
- the broken line has shown the rotational speed command voltage with respect to the target rotation speed in the case of many frost formation amount used as the defrost determination value when there is very much frost formation amount.
- the target rotational speed is the same, the rotational speed command voltage when the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is frosted is increased compared with the rotational speed command voltage when there is no frost formation. You can see that
- the rotation speed command voltage with a large amount of frost formation shown by a broken line is set as a setting value (defrost determination value) for starting the defrosting operation, and the rotation speed command voltage at the time of non-frosting of the solid line A reference value that does not require a defrosting operation is used. Between the defrosting determination value and the reference value, although frosting is in progress, it indicates that the defrosting operation has not been reached.
- the rotational speed command voltage is calculated from the duty ratio as shown by the above equation (1).
- the said control board (control part) 31 controls an air conditioner so that the defrost operation of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 may be started based on the rotational speed command voltage calculated at the time of heating operation.
- the calculated rotational speed command voltage A1 is equivalent to the reference speed command voltage (A1 ⁇ A1base) due to no frost formation in the initial heating operation.
- the speed command voltage becomes smaller.
- A2 ⁇ A1base is established. Even if the frosting progresses and the rotation speed command voltage A2 increases, the voltage is equivalent to the reference value A1base (A2 ⁇ A1base), and is below the defrosting determination value A1def (A2 ⁇ A1def). The defrosting operation is not entered even if the process proceeds.
- a reference value (A2base) and a defrost determination value (A2def) corresponding to the target rotational speed N are provided. I try to make it. That is, in this embodiment, the defrost determination value of the rotational speed command voltage is set so as to increase as the target rotational speed of the outdoor fan 12 increases.
- a defrost determination in which the first defrost determination value (A1def) larger than the first reference value (A1base) corresponding to the first target rotation speed f1 of the outdoor fan motor 20 is in a frosted state. It is set as a value. Further, in response to the second target rotational speed f2 of the outdoor fan motor 20, a second value that is larger than the second reference value (A2base) and smaller than the first defrost determination value (A1def). The defrost determination value (A2def) is set as the defrost determination value in the frosted state.
- control board (control part) 31 is the 1st defrost determination value (A1def) when the rotational speed command voltage detected when the rotation speed of the outdoor fan motor 20 is the 1st rotation speed f1 at the time of heating operation.
- A1def the 1st defrost determination value
- the rotational speed command voltage is directly measured by the detector without calculating the rotational speed command voltage from the duty ratio.
- the defrosting determination is performed using the actual rotation speed fed back from the outdoor fan motor 20 to the control board 31. An example of determination will be described with reference to FIG.
- the solid line shows the actual number of rotations when there is no frost (the number of rotations fed back from the outdoor fan motor), and the actual number of rotations increases as the rotation speed command voltage increases.
- a broken line is an actual rotation speed in the case where the amount of frost formation is very large.
- control board (control unit) 31 When the control board (control unit) 31 detects frost formation based on the actual rotational speed received from the fan motor 20 during the heating operation, the control board (control unit) 31 controls the air conditioner so as to start the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger 14. Is what you do.
- the outdoor fan motor is initially in the heating operation.
- the actual rotational speed received from 20 becomes larger than the actual rotational speed of the reference value (B2> B1base, where B2 is the actual rotational speed received from the fan motor when V2).
- B2 is the actual rotational speed received from the fan motor when V2
- the actual rotational speed (B2 ⁇ B1base) equal to the reference value is obtained and does not fall below the defrost determination value (B2> B1def). Does not enter defrosting.
- the defrost determination value corresponding to the rotation speed command voltage with respect to the target rotation speed shown in FIG. 11, the reference value when the target rotation speed changes, and the calculation of the defrost determination value are calculated using the target rotation of the outdoor fan motor 20.
- An example of performing based on the rotational speed command voltage or the actual rotational speed with respect to the number will be described.
- the reference value can be converted on the assumption that it is proportional to the exponential power (b-th power) of the ratio using the logarithm of the rotational speed, as shown in Expression (7). Further, the defrost determination value may be obtained by conversion with a value obtained by multiplying the reference value by the rotation speed reduction ratio, as shown in Expression (8).
- the rotational speed reduction ratio is stored in the storage unit of the control board 31 for each target rotational speed.
- Storing K4 also has a problem in terms of capacity, so the rotational speed reduction rate K4 in equation (8) and the rotational speed reduction rate K3 in equation (6) are considered to be substantially equal (K4 ⁇ K3) and the same.
- the ratio K3 may be used. In this way, it is possible to avoid a burden on the storage capacity of the control board 31.
- the first reference value (B1base) is corrected by using the equation (7) to obtain a second reference value (B2base), and the second division value is obtained by the equation (8).
- the frost determination value (B2def) is obtained, and the actual rotation speed B2 during the heating operation is compared with the second defrost determination value (B2def) to detect frost formation.
- the second reference value (B2base) is obtained by performing correction as shown in the above equation (7), and the second defrost determination value (B2def) is not obtained by the above equation (8).
- B2 correction B2 ⁇ ⁇ (log c V1 + ⁇ ) / (log c V2 + ⁇ ) ⁇ b ... (9)
- the outdoor fan inverter (fan inverter) 21 of the outdoor fan 12 is mounted inside the outdoor fan motor 20
- the outdoor fan inverter (inverter board) 21 of the outdoor fan 12 is not configured integrally with the fan motor 20, and as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the fan motor 20 and the outdoor control board 31 are arranged. And provided as an independent substrate (inverter substrate).
- the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Even if the outdoor fan inverter 21 is arranged away from the fan motor 20 as an inverter board as in the second embodiment, the present invention can be similarly implemented.
- the current actual rotational speed (actual rotational speed) N1 is fed back from the outdoor fan motor 20 to the inverter board 21.
- the rotation speed information is further sent to the control board (control unit) 31.
- the control board 31 compares the target rotation speed (target rotation speed) N with the received actual rotation speed N1, and the difference is constant. If the value is larger than the value, a duty ratio (duty ratio) value that is an electric signal that brings the actual rotational speed of the fan motor 20 close to the target rotational speed is generated and output. Based on this electrical signal, the control board 31 converts the rotational speed command voltage into a rotational speed command voltage that is increased or decreased.
- the rotation speed command voltage is sent to the inverter board 21 where it is converted from the speed command voltage and a DC voltage to a three-phase AC voltage, and this three-phase AC voltage is sent to the outdoor fan motor 20. Since the fan motor 20 controls the rotation speed with voltage, after receiving the three-phase AC voltage, the fan motor 20 is automatically processed to adjust the rotation speed of the fan motor 20.
- the rotation speed command voltage is increased as the amount of frost increases as the frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 14 proceeds as shown in FIG. 5 described above. Has a tendency to rise. Since the control board 31 generates a rotation speed command voltage that increases as the amount of frost formation increases, the frost state on the outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be estimated using the generated rotation speed command voltage. Therefore, also in the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the control board 31 is configured to determine whether or not the rotation speed command voltage exceeds a predetermined value and to enter the defrosting operation. be able to.
- the outdoor fan inverter 21 is configured as an independent board between the fan motor 20 and the outdoor control board 31 as in the second embodiment, the rotational speed command voltage generated by the control board 31 is used.
- frost formation can be determined, a current detection sensor for detecting frost formation is not required, frost formation can be detected at low cost, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the inverter board 21 is installed independently between the outdoor control board 31 and the fan motor 20, the degree of freedom in design is increased, and the inverter board is considered in view of performance and cost. There is a merit that the design of 21 can be arranged flexibly.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の空気調和機の実施例1を示す冷凍サイクル系統図で、この図1に示す例は空気調和機が暖房運転を実施している場合の図である。
ここで、上記デューティ比について図4により説明する。図4は、回転速度指令電圧を生成するためのデューティ比の波形の一例を示す線図である。
デューティ比とは、図4に示すデューティ比の波形信号(デューティ信号)において、そのデューティ信号における周期に対するパルス幅(以下、デューティ(duty)という)の比率である。
このように構成しても着霜検知のための電流検知センサが必要なくなり、安価に着霜を検知することができる。
これらの除霜判定値や基準値を用いた着霜及び除霜判定について具体的に説明する。
ここで、K1は回転速度指令電圧の増加比率、αは図8における切片である。
(A2base-α)=(A1base-α)×(f2/f1)a
…(3)
(A2def-α)=K2×(A2base-α) …(4)
上記式において、aはある実数、K2は回転速度指令電圧の増加比率である。
つまり本実施例においては、第1の基準値(A1base)を記憶する記憶部を備え、この記憶部に記憶された基準値(A1base)と、室外ファンモータ20の回転数(f1,f2)に基づいて、その他の基準値である第2の基準値(A2base)や、第1の除霜判定値(A1def)及び第2の除霜判定値(A2def)などを、上記式(2)~(4)を用いて、算出することができる。
前述したように、前記室外ファン12のフィードバック制御をする場合においては、目標回転数が連続して変化するため、各目標回転数毎に、前記制御基板31の記憶部に上記回転速度指令電圧の増加比率K2を記憶させておくのも容量として問題があるため、上記式(4)の回転速度指令電圧増加比率K2は、上記式(2)における回転速度指令電圧増加比率K1とほぼ等しいとみなし(K2≒K1)、同じ比率K1を使用しても良い。このようにすれば、前記制御基板31の記憶容量に負担が掛かるのを回避できる。
なお、上記の説明では、図8に示す「回転速度指令電圧」を用いて着霜検知する場合について説明したが、図9に示すデューティ(duty)比や、図10に示すデューティ(duty)比の増加比率を用いて着霜検知する場合にも同様に実施できる。
ここで、K3は回転数減少比率、βは図11における切片である。
+β)}b …(7)
(B2def-β)=K4×(B2base-β) …(8)
ここで、bはある実数、cは1より大きいある正の実数、K4は回転数減少比率である。
上記回転数減少比率K4は、室外ファン12をステップ制御する場合には、各ステップ毎に対応する値(K4)を事前に制御基板31の記憶部に記憶させておくと良い。
…(9)
上述した本実施例1によれば、ファン電流を検知する電流検知センサを設けることなく、暖房運転時における室外熱交換器への着霜検知が可能となるので、安価に、着霜を推定して除霜運転の要否を判断し、除霜運転を開始することができる。また、ファン電流を検知して着霜判定した場合と同等の着霜量の検知が可能となるので、適正な除霜判断ができ、更にファン電流を室外制御基板31付近で検知できない場合でも着霜判定が可能になる効果がある。
本実施例2のように、室外ファンインバータ21をインバータ基板としてファンモータ20から離して配置しても本発明は同様に実施可能である。
Claims (12)
- 室外熱交換器と、この室外熱交換器に送風するための室外ファンと、該室外ファンを駆動する室外ファンモータと、該室外ファンモータを駆動する室外ファンインバータと、前記室外ファンモータの回転数を制御する回転速度指令電圧を生成する制御部とを備える空気調和機において、
前記制御部は、前記回転速度指令電圧に基づいて前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始することを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 請求項1に記載の空気調和機において、前記制御部で生成された前記回転速度指令電圧の信号を前記室外ファンインバータに送信することにより前記室外ファンモータが制御され、前記回転速度指令電圧の信号の値が所定値以上となった場合に除霜運転を開始することを特徴とする空気調和機。
- 請求項2に記載の空気調和機において、前記所定値は、前記室外ファンの目標回転数が大きくなるほど、或いは記室外ファンの目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧が大きくなるほど大きくなるように設定されることを特徴とする空気調和機。
- 請求項1に記載の空気調和機において、前記室外ファンの前記ファンモータに前記室外ファンインバータが設けられていることを特徴とする空気調和機。
- 請求項1に記載の空気調和機において、
前記室外ファンモータの第1の目標回転数(f1)と該第1の目標回転数よりも小さい第2の目標回転数(f2)とのそれぞれに対応して、第1の基準値(A1base)と該第1の基準値よりも小さい第2の基準値(A2base)を無着霜状態における回転速度指令電圧として設定すると共に、
前記室外ファンモータの前記第1の目標回転数に対応して、前記第1の基準値よりも大きい第1の除霜判定値(A1def)が着霜状態の回転速度指令電圧として設定され、更に、前記室外ファンモータの前記第2の目標回転数に対応して、前記第2の基準値よりも大きく、かつ前記第1の除霜判定値よりも小さい第2の除霜判定値(A2def)が着霜状態の回転速度指令電圧として設定され、
前記制御部は、暖房運転時に前記室外ファンモータの回転数が前記第1の目標回転数の場合、前記回転速度指令電圧が前記第1の除霜判定値以上になると、前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始すると共に、前記室外ファンモータの回転数が前記第2の目標回転数である場合には、前記回転速度指令電圧が前記第2の除霜判定値以上になると、前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始することを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 請求項5に記載の空気調和機において、
前記第1、第2の目標回転数、前記第1、第2の基準値、及び前記第1、第2の除霜判定値を記憶する記憶部を備え、
前記記憶部に記憶された目標回転数以外の目標回転数に対応する無着霜状態における回転速度指令電圧の基準値及び着霜状態の回転速度指令電圧の除霜判定値は、前記記憶部に記憶されている前記目標回転数、前記基準値及び前記除霜判定値に基づいて算出されることを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 室外熱交換器と、この室外熱交換器に送風するための室外ファンと、該室外ファンを駆動する室外ファンモータと、該室外ファンモータを駆動する室外ファンインバータと、前記室外ファンモータの回転数を制御する回転速度指令電圧を生成する制御部とを備える空気調和機において、
前記制御部は、前記回転速度指令電圧を生成するためのデューティ比またはデューティ比の増加比率に基づいて前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始することを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 請求項7に記載の空気調和機において、
前記室外ファンモータの第1の目標回転数(m1またはn1)と該第1の目標回転数よりも小さい第2の目標回転数(m2またはn2)とのそれぞれに対応して、第1の基準値(C1baseまたはD1base)と該第1の基準値よりも小さい第2の基準値(C2baseまたはD2base)とが無着霜状態のデューティ比またはデューティ比の増加比率として設定されると共に、
前記室外ファンモータの前記第1の目標回転数に対応して、前記第1の基準値よりも大きい第1の除霜判定値(C1defまたはD1def)が着霜状態のデューティ比またはデューティ比の増加比率として設定され、更に、前記室外ファンモータの前記第2の目標回転数に対応して、前記第2の基準値よりも大きく、かつ前記第1の除霜判定値よりも小さい第2の除霜判定値(C2defまたはD2def)が着霜状態のデューティ比またはデューティ比の増加比率として設定され、
前記制御部は、暖房運転時に前記室外ファンモータの回転数が前記第1の目標回転数の場合、前記デューティ比またはデューティ比の増加比率が前記第1の除霜判定値以上になると、前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始すると共に、前記室外ファンモータの回転数が前記第2の目標回転数である場合には、前記デューティ比または前記デューティ比の増加比率が前記第2の除霜判定値以上になると、前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始することを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 請求項8に記載の空気調和機において、
前記第1、第2の目標回転数、前記第1、第2の基準値、及び前記第1、第2の除霜判定値を記憶する記憶部を備え、
前記記憶部に記憶された目標回転数以外の目標回転数に対応する無着霜状態におけるデューティ比またはデューティ比の増加比率の基準値及び着霜状態のデューティ比またはデューティ比の増加比率の除霜判定値は、前記記憶部に記憶されている前記目標回転数、前記基準値及び前記除霜判定値に基づいて算出されることを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 室外熱交換器と、この室外熱交換器に送風するための室外ファンと、該室外ファンを駆動する室外ファンモータと、該室外ファンモータを駆動する室外ファンインバータと、前記室外ファンモータの回転数を制御する回転速度指令電圧を生成する制御部とを備える空気調和機において、
前記室外ファンモータの実回転数を検出して前記制御部にフィードバックし、前記制御部は、フィードバックされた前記室外ファンモータの実回転数が、前記回転速度指令電圧に基づく目標回転数に対して所定値以上低下した場合に前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始することを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 請求項10に記載の空気調和機において、
前記室外ファンモータの第1の目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧(V1)と該第1の目標回転数に対する速度指令電圧よりも大きい第2の目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧(V2)とのそれぞれに対応して、第1の基準値(B1base)と該第1の基準値よりも大きい第2の基準値(B2base)を無着霜状態における前記室外ファンモータからフィードバックされる回転数として設定されると共に、
前記室外ファンモータの前記第1の目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧に対応して、前記第1の基準値よりも小さい第1の除霜判定値(B1def)が着霜状態の前記室外ファンモータからフィードバックされる回転数として設定され、更に、前記室外ファンモータの前記第2の目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧に対応して、前記第2の基準値よりも小さく、かつ前記第1の除霜判定値よりも大きい第2の除霜判定値(B2def)が着霜状態の前記室外ファンモータからフィードバックされる回転数として設定され、
前記制御部は、暖房運転時に前記室外ファンモータの目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧が前記第1の目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧(V1)の場合、前記室外ファンモータからフィードバックされる実回転数が前記第1の除霜判定値以下になると、前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始すると共に、前記室外ファンモータの目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧が前記第2の回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧(V2)である場合には、前記室外ファンモータからフィードバックされる実回転数が前記第2の除霜判定値以下になると、前記室外熱交換器の除霜運転を開始することを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 請求項11に記載の空気調和機において、
前記第1の目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧に対応する前記第1の基準値と前記第1の除霜判定値、及び前記第2の目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧に対応する前記第2の基準値と前記第2の除霜判定値を記憶する記憶部を備え、
前記記憶部に記憶された目標回転数以外の目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧に対応する無着霜状態における前記回転数の基準値及び着霜状態の前記回転数の除霜判定値は、前記記憶部に記憶されている前記目標回転数に対する回転速度指令電圧、前記基準値及び前記除霜判定値に基づいて算出されることを特徴とする空気調和機。
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