WO2016035813A1 - ガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ - Google Patents
ガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016035813A1 WO2016035813A1 PCT/JP2015/074933 JP2015074933W WO2016035813A1 WO 2016035813 A1 WO2016035813 A1 WO 2016035813A1 JP 2015074933 W JP2015074933 W JP 2015074933W WO 2016035813 A1 WO2016035813 A1 WO 2016035813A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/368—Selection of non-metallic compositions of core materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flux-cored wire for gas shielded arc welding. More specifically, the present invention relates to a flux-cored wire for gas shield arc welding used for welding steel materials having a tensile strength of 490 to 670 MPa.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a gas shield that specifies the wire composition in order to obtain a weld metal that is excellent in welding workability in all positions and that has excellent strength after welding (AW) and heat treatment (PWHT) and low-temperature toughness.
- a flux-cored wire for arc welding has been proposed.
- the flux-cored wire described in Patent Document 1 includes C, Si, Mn, Ni, B, Mg, V, Ti oxide, metal Ti, Al oxide, metal Al, Si oxide, and metal fluoride in specific amounts. While being contained, P and Nb are regulated to a specific amount or less, and the remainder has a composition comprising Fe of steel outer shell, iron powder, Fe content of iron alloy powder, arc stabilizer and inevitable impurities.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that a wire and flux are used to obtain a weld metal having high cracking resistance and good low-temperature toughness, enabling high-efficiency all-position welding in welding of high-tensile steel having a yield strength of 690 MPa or more. Flux-cored wires for high-strength steel that specify these components have been proposed. Specifically, the flux-cored wire described in Patent Document 2 contains a specific amount of C, Si, Mn, Ni and Al as essential elements, and at least one of Cr, Mo, Nb and V as selective elements.
- the total hydrogen content of the wire is 15 ppm or less.
- Ni content in the weld metal is regulated to 1 mass% or less in the standard (NACE MR0175) of the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE).
- the flux-cored wire of Patent Document 1 described above contains 0.1 to 3.0% by mass of Ni in order to ensure excellent low temperature toughness, the Ni content of the weld metal is 1% by mass. May not be able to fully meet NACE requirements.
- the flux-cored wire described in Patent Document 1 has not been studied for heat treatment conditions, and whether a weld metal excellent in yield strength, strength, low temperature toughness, etc. can be obtained even when heat treated under more severe conditions. It is unknown.
- the flux-cored wire described in the cited document 2 cannot satisfy the NACE requirement because it contains 1.0 to 3.0 mass% of Ni. Further, in this flux-cored wire, the performance of the weld metal after the heat treatment has not been studied, and the strength and the strength even when heat-treated under more severe conditions, like the flux-cored wire described in the cited reference 1 described above. It is unclear whether a weld metal with excellent low-temperature toughness can be obtained.
- the present invention provides a gas shield capable of obtaining a weld metal having good welding workability and good low-temperature toughness both in the welded state and after the heat treatment even when the Ni content is 1% by mass or less.
- the main object is to provide a flux-cored wire for arc welding.
- the flux-cored wire for gas shielded arc welding is a flux-cored wire in which a steel outer sheath is filled with flux, and C is 0.01 to 0.12% by mass and Si is the total mass of the wire.
- Mn is 1.0 to 3.5 mass%
- Ni is 0.1 mass% or more and less than 1.0 mass%
- Mo is 0.10 to 0.30 mass% %
- SiO 2 0.10 to 0.40 mass% Al 2 O 3 0.03 to 0 .23 mass%
- Fe is contained 80 mass% or more.
- V may be regulated to 0.020 mass% or less per total mass of the wire.
- C content (mass%) per wire total mass is [C]
- Mn content (mass%) is [Mn]
- Si content (mass%) is [Si]
- Cr content (% by mass) is [Cr]
- the composition may satisfy the following formula (A).
- the flux cored wire of this embodiment is a steel outer shell filled with flux and used for gas shielded arc welding.
- C is 0.01 to 0.12 mass%
- Si is 0.05 mass% or more and less than 0.30 mass%
- Mn is 1.0 to 3 per total mass of the wire.
- Ni is 0.1 mass% or more and less than 1.0 mass%
- Mo is 0.10 to 0.30 mass%
- Cr is 0.1 to 0.9 mass%
- TiO 2 is 4.5 8.5 mass%
- Fe content 80 mass% or more are inevitable impurities.
- the flux-cored wire of this embodiment may contain Mg, Ti, metal fluoride, Na compound, K compound, B, B alloy, B oxide, etc. other than each component mentioned above.
- V or ZrO 2 is contained in the flux-cored wire of this embodiment, it is preferable to regulate the content thereof.
- the relationship between the C amount and the Mn amount and the Si amount, the Mo amount, and the Cr amount satisfy the following mathematical formula (A).
- [C] is the C content (% by mass) per the total mass of the wire
- [Mn] is the Mn content (% by mass) per the total mass of the wire
- [Si] is the total mass of the wire.
- [Mo] is the Mo content (mass%) per total mass of the wire
- [Cr] is the Cr content (mass%).
- content of each component mentioned above can be measured by wet chemical analysis methods, such as a volumetric method and a weight method.
- C is a combustion-infrared absorption method
- Ti, Si, Zr, Mn, Al, Mg, Ni, Mo, Cr and B are ICP emission spectroscopy methods
- Na and K are atomic absorption analysis methods
- F is Each can be measured by a neutralization titration method.
- the outer diameter of the flux-cored wire of this embodiment is not particularly limited, but is generally 1.0 to 2.0 mm, and practically preferably 1.2 to 1.6 mm.
- the flux filling rate can be set to any value as long as each component in the wire is within the above-mentioned range, but from the viewpoint of wire drawability and workability (feedability, etc.) during welding. Therefore, the content is preferably 10 to 30% by mass of the total mass of the wire.
- the cross-sectional shape, the presence or absence of seams, and the internal shape of the flux-cored wire of this embodiment are not particularly limited.
- C 0.01 to 0.12% by mass
- C is an element necessary for securing the strength of the weld metal as welded and after SR.
- the C content is less than 0.01% by mass, the strength of the weld metal is insufficient and the effect of stabilizing the toughness cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the C content exceeds 0.12% by mass, the hot cracking resistance of the weld metal is deteriorated, and the strength of the weld metal is excessively increased to deteriorate the low temperature toughness. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.01 to 0.12% by mass.
- the C content is preferably 0.03% by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving the strength and toughness of the weld metal, and 0.10 from the viewpoint of improving the hot crack resistance and improving the low temperature toughness of the weld metal. It is preferable to set it as mass% or less.
- C may be contained in either the flux or the steel outer shell. Examples of the C source in the flux-cored wire of this embodiment include graphite added as a flux component, C associated with Fe—Mn and Fe—Si, and C added to a steel outer sheath.
- Si 0.05 mass% or more and less than 0.30 mass%
- Si is also an element necessary for ensuring the strength of the weld metal as it is and after SR.
- Si content is less than 0.05% by mass
- the low temperature toughness of the weld metal deteriorates due to insufficient deoxidation.
- Si content is 0.30% by mass or more, the Si amount becomes excessive, Si dissolves in the ferrite, the strength of the matrix ferrite increases, and the low temperature toughness of the weld metal, particularly the weld metal after SR decreases. To do. Therefore, Si content shall be 0.05 mass% or more and less than 0.30 mass%.
- the Si content is preferably 0.08% by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving the deoxidation effect and improving the low temperature toughness of the weld metal, and from the viewpoint of improving the low temperature toughness of the weld metal after SR.
- the content is preferably 0.20% by mass or less.
- Si may be contained in either the flux or the steel outer shell. Examples of the Si source in the flux-cored wire of the present embodiment include Fe—Si and Si—Mn added as flux components, Si added to the steel outer sheath, and the like.
- Mn 1.0 to 3.5% by mass
- Mn is an element that forms an oxide that becomes the starting point of microstructure formation during welding and is effective in improving the strength and toughness of the weld metal.
- Mn content is less than 1.0% by mass, the strength of the weld metal is insufficient or the toughness is deteriorated.
- the Mn content exceeds 3.5% by mass, the toughness of the weld metal decreases due to excessive strength and excessive hardenability. Therefore, the Mn content is 1.0 to 3.5% by mass.
- the Mn content is preferably 1.2% by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving the strength and toughness of the weld metal, and from the viewpoint of improving the toughness by adjusting the strength and hardenability of the weld metal.
- the content is preferably 0% by mass or less.
- Mn may be contained in either the flux or the steel outer shell. Examples of the Mn source in the flux-cored wire of this embodiment include metals Mn, Fe—Mn, and Si—Mn added as flux components, and Mn added to the steel outer sheath.
- Ni 0.1% by mass or more and less than 1.0% by mass
- the Ni content is set to a range lower than the conventional range in order to meet the NACE standard.
- the Ni content is 0.10% by mass or more and less than 1.0% by mass.
- the Ni content is less than 0.10% by mass, the effect of improving the toughness of the weld metal becomes insufficient.
- the Ni content is 1.0% by mass or more, a weld metal satisfying the NACE standard cannot be obtained, and the hot crack resistance of the weld metal is also deteriorated.
- the Ni content is preferably 0.30% by mass or more, more preferably 0.50% by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving the toughness of the weld metal.
- the Ni content is preferably 0.95 mass% or less.
- Ni may be contained in either the flux or the steel outer shell.
- the Ni source in the flux-cored wire of this embodiment include metal Ni and Ni—Mg added as a flux component, Ni added to a steel outer sheath, and the like.
- Mo 0.10 to 0.30 mass%
- Mo has an effect of suppressing coarsening and annealing softening of grain boundary carbides and making the structure finer, and is an important element for the flux-cored wire of this embodiment.
- the Mo content is less than 0.10% by mass, the strength of the weld metal is insufficient.
- the Mo content exceeds 0.30 mass%, the transition temperature of brittle fracture shifts to the high temperature side, and the toughness of the weld metal deteriorates. Therefore, the Mo content is set to 0.10 to 0.30 mass%.
- the Mo content is preferably 0.15% by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the weld metal, and preferably 0.25% by mass or less from the viewpoint of improving the toughness of the weld metal.
- Mo may be contained in either the flux or the steel outer shell.
- the Mo source in the flux-cored wire of the present embodiment include metal Mo and Fe—Mo added as a flux component, Mo added to a steel outer sheath, and the like.
- Cr 0.1 to 0.9% by mass
- Cr has the effect of refining grain boundary carbides produced during SR.
- the strength of the weld metal is insufficient, and the effect of refining coarse grain boundary carbides existing in the former ⁇ grain boundaries is small, resulting in welding after SR.
- Metal toughness deteriorates.
- the Cr content exceeds 0.9% by mass, the strength and hardenability of the weld metal become excessive, so that the low temperature toughness decreases. Therefore, the Cr content is 0.1 to 0.9% by mass.
- the Cr content is preferably 0.2% by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the weld metal and improving the toughness after SR.
- Cr may be contained in either the flux or the steel outer shell.
- the Cr source in the flux-cored wire of the present embodiment include metal Cr and Fe—Cr added as a flux component, Cr added to the steel outer sheath, and the like.
- TiO 2 is an arc stabilizer and a main component of the slag agent.
- TiO 2 content is less than 4.5% by mass, welding workability is deteriorated, and all-position welding becomes difficult.
- the TiO 2 content exceeds 8.5% by mass, the amount of oxygen in the weld metal increases and the toughness decreases. Therefore, the TiO 2 content is 4.5 to 8.5% by mass.
- the TiO 2 content is preferably 5.5 to 8.0% by mass.
- examples of the TiO 2 source in the flux-cored wire of the present embodiment include rutile and titanium oxide added as a flux component.
- SiO 2 has an effect of improving the bead shape.
- the SiO 2 content is less than 0.10% by mass, the effect cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the bead shape is deteriorated.
- the SiO 2 content exceeds 0.40% by mass, the amount of spatter generated increases. Therefore, the SiO 2 content is set to 0.10 to 0.40 mass%.
- the SiO 2 content is preferably 0.15% by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving the bead shape, and is preferably 0.35% by mass or less from the viewpoint of suppressing sputtering.
- examples of the SiO 2 source in the flux-cored wire of the present embodiment include silica, potash glass, and soda glass that are added as flux components.
- Al 2 O 3 also has an effect of improving the bead shape.
- the Al 2 O 3 content is less than 0.03% by mass, the effect is not sufficiently obtained, and the bead shape is deteriorated.
- the Al 2 O 3 content exceeds 0.23% by mass, the amount of spatter generated increases. Therefore, the Al 2 O 3 content is set to 0.03 to 0.23 mass%.
- the Al 2 O 3 content is preferably 0.07% by mass or more from the viewpoint of improving the bead shape, and is preferably 0.19% by mass or less from the viewpoint of suppression of sputtering.
- As the Al 2 O 3 source in the flux-cored wire according to the present embodiment and the like alumina is added as a flux component.
- the Fe content is preferably 82 to 93% by mass.
- the Fe source in the flux-cored wire of this embodiment includes steel powder, iron powder added to the flux, Fe-based alloy, and the like.
- the relationship among the C amount, Mn amount, Si amount, Mo amount, and Cr amount is also important.
- the tensile strength and low-temperature toughness of the weld metal and the welding workability can be brought to a certain level. It has been found that the tensile strength and low temperature toughness of the weld metal and the welding workability can be further improved by satisfying the above-described mathematical formula (A) for the relationship between the Si amount, the Mo amount and the Cr amount. It was.
- the low temperature toughness of the weld metal after SR may deteriorate. Also, hardenability is insufficient, viscosity of the molten pool is decreased, and the effect of refining coarse carbides in the former ⁇ grain boundaries is reduced, and vertical welding workability, tensile strength after SR, and low temperature toughness are deteriorated. There is.
- V 0.020% by mass or less
- the content is preferably regulated to 0.020% by mass or less.
- ZrO 2 less than 0.02% by mass
- ZrO 2 content is preferably restricted to less than 0.02 wt%, thereby improving the weldability.
- ZrO 2 source in the flux-cored wire of this embodiment include zircon sand and zirconia.
- Mg 0.2 to 0.7% by mass
- Mg is a deoxidizing element and is effective in improving the toughness of the weld metal, so it can be added as necessary.
- Mg content is less than 0.2% by mass, a sufficient deoxidation effect cannot be obtained, and an improvement in the toughness of the weld metal cannot be expected.
- Mg is contained exceeding 0.7 mass%, the amount of spatter will increase and welding workability will fall. Therefore, when adding Mg, the content is made 0.2 to 0.7 mass%.
- examples of the Mg source in the flux-cored wire of the present embodiment include metals Mg, Al—Mg, and Ni—Mg.
- Ti 0.05 to 0.30% by mass
- Ti also has an effect of improving the toughness of the weld metal, and can be added as necessary.
- the Ti content is less than 0.05% by mass, sufficient nucleation is not achieved, and the effect of improving the toughness of the weld metal becomes insufficient.
- Ti is contained exceeding 0.30 mass%, the solid solution Ti becomes excessive, the strength of the weld metal becomes excessive, and the toughness is also deteriorated. Therefore, when Ti is added to the flux-cored wire of this embodiment, the content is made 0.05 to 0.30 mass%. Thereby, the weld metal which was further excellent in toughness is obtained.
- Ti may be contained in either the flux or the steel outer shell.
- Examples of the Ti source in the flux-cored wire of this embodiment include metal Ti and Fe—Ti added as flux components, Ti added to the steel outer sheath, and the like.
- Na compound and K compound can be added to the flux as needed.
- the total contents of Na compound and K compound are Na converted value and K converted value, respectively, and less than 0.01% by mass, the effect of stabilizing the arc may be small and the amount of spatter generated may increase.
- the total content of the Na compound and the K compound exceeds 0.30% by mass in terms of Na and K, respectively, the bead shape deteriorates. Therefore, when adding the Na compound and the K compound, the total content is set to 0.01 to 0.30 mass% in terms of Na and K, respectively.
- Sodium fluoride or potassium fluoride is used as a flux material. If potassium fluoride is used, the fluorine content is “metal fluoride content” and the potassium content is “Na compound content and K compound content”. Is calculated as
- the total content of B, B alloy and B oxide is more preferably 0.003% by mass or more in terms of B, and the high temperature crack resistance of the weld metal. From a viewpoint, it is more preferable to set it as 0.015 mass% or less in B conversion value.
- examples of the B source in the flux-cored wire of the present embodiment include an Fe—B alloy, an Fe—Si—B alloy, and B 2 O 3 .
- the balance in the component composition of the flux-cored wire of this embodiment is an unavoidable impurity.
- Inevitable impurities in the flux-cored wire of this embodiment include V, S, P, Cu, Sn, Na, Co, Ca, Nb, Li, Sb, As, and the like.
- the flux-cored wire of the present embodiment is added with alloy elements other than the elements described above, a slag forming agent, an arc stabilizer, and the like as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. May be.
- O and N are also contained in the remainder of the flux cored wire of this embodiment.
- the flux-cored wire of this embodiment specifies the wire component, a weld metal with good low-temperature toughness is obtained both in the welded state and after the heat treatment even when the Ni content is 1% by mass or less. It is done. As a result, the safety of structures used in low-temperature environments can be further improved, and especially in pipe welding for each platform and plant, welding workability is good, sour resistance and low-temperature toughness are excellent. It is possible to realize a flux-cored wire from which a weld metal can be obtained.
- the transition temperature of the brittle fracture of the weld metal can be shifted to a low temperature side by making the relationship among the amount of C, the amount of Mn, the amount of Si, the amount of Mo and the amount of Cr satisfy formula (A). It is possible to suppress the occurrence of sputtering. As a result, both the low temperature toughness and welding workability of the weld metal can be further improved.
- ⁇ Welding workability> The steel plate shown in Table 3 above was used as the base material, gas shield arc welding was performed under the conditions shown in Table 7 below, and the welding workability was evaluated. As a result, ⁇ indicates that the welding workability was very good, ⁇ indicates that the welding workability was good, and ⁇ indicates that the welding workability was poor.
- Table 8 summarizes the evaluation results of the mechanical properties, welding workability, and cracking rate of each weld metal (after SR) obtained with each flux-cored wire of Examples and Comparative Examples.
- SR weld metal
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the influence of the relationship between the amount of C and Mn, the amount of Si, the amount of Mo, and the amount of Cr in the flux-cored wire on the mechanical properties of the weld metal.
- the results of Examples 1 to 13 are shown. It is a platform. According to the definition of claim 1, the value of [Si] + [Mo] + [Cr] is 0.25 to 1.5, and the value of 10 ⁇ [C] + [Mn] is 1.1 to 4.7. Each plot satisfies this range (the area surrounded by the dotted line in the figure). As shown in FIG.
- the flux-cored wire for gas shielded arc welding according to the present invention is suitable for welding steel materials having a tensile strength of 490 to 670 MPa, and is suitable for, for example, equipment and facilities for transporting oil and gas.
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Abstract
Description
このフラックス入りワイヤは、Vを、ワイヤ全質量あたり0.020質量%以下に規制してもよい。
また、ワイヤ全質量あたりのC含有量(質量%)を[C]、Mn含有量(質量%)を[Mn]、Si含有量(質量%)を[Si]、Mo含有量(質量%)を[Mo]、Cr含有量(質量%)を[Cr]としたとき、下記数式(A)を満たす組成とすることもできる。
更に、Tiを、ワイヤ全質量あたり0.05~0.30質量%含有していてもよい。
更に、金属フッ化物を、ワイヤ全質量あたり、F換算値で0.05~0.30質量%含有していてもよい。
更に、Na化合物若しくはK化合物又はその両方を、ワイヤ全質量あたり、Na換算値及びK換算値の合計で0.01~0.30質量%含有していてもよい。
更に、B、B合金及びB酸化物のうち少なくとも1種を、ワイヤ全質量あたり、B換算値の合計で0.001~0.020質量%含有していてもよい。
一方、このフラックス入りワイヤは、ZrO2を、ワイヤ全質量あたり、0.02質量%未満に規制することもできる。
Cは、溶接のまま及びSR後における溶接金属の強度を確保するために必要な元素である。ただし、C含有量が0.01質量%未満の場合、溶接金属の強度が不足すると共に、靭性の安定化効果が十分に得られない。一方、C含有量が0.12質量%を超えると、溶接金属の耐高温割れ性が劣化すると共に、溶接金属の強度が過度に上昇して低温靭性も劣化する。よって、C含有量は0.01~0.12質量%とする。
Siも、溶接のまま及びSR後における溶接金属の強度を確保するために必要な元素である。ただし、Si含有量が0.05質量%未満の場合、脱酸不足により、溶接金属の低温靭性が劣化する。Si含有量が0.30質量%以上の場合、Si量が過多となり、Siがフェライトに固溶し、マトリクッスフェライトの強度が高くなり、溶接金属、特にSR後の溶接金属の低温靭性が低下する。よって、Si含有量は、0.05質量%以上0.30質量%未満とする。
Mnは、溶接時に微細組織生成の起点となる酸化物を形成し、溶接金属の強度向上及び靭性向上に有効な元素である。ただし、Mn含有量が1.0質量%未満の場合、溶接金属の強度が不足したり、靭性が劣化したりする。一方、Mn含有量が3.5質量%を超えると、強度過多及び焼入れ性過多により溶接金属の靭性が低下する。よって、Mn含有量は1.0~3.5質量%とする。
従来のフラックス入りワイヤでは、低温靭性を完全に確保できる量のNiを溶接金属に添加するため、ワイヤ全質量あたりのNi量を1質量%以上にしていた。しかしながら、溶接金属にNiが多量に含まれていると、H2S環境中において硫化物応力腐食割れ(SSCC)の感受性が高まる。そこで、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤでは、NACE規格に合致させるため、Ni含有量を従来よりも低い範囲にした。
Moは、粒界炭化物の粗大化及び焼鈍軟化を抑制し、組織を微細化する効果があり、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにとって重要な元素である。ただし、Mo含有量が0.10質量%未満の場合、溶接金属の強度が不足する。一方、Mo含有量が0.30質量%を超えると、脆性破壊の遷移温度が高温側へ移行し、溶接金属の靭性が劣化する。よって、Mo含有量は、0.10~0.30質量%とする。
Crは、SR時に生成する粒界炭化物を微細化する作用を有する。ただし、Cr含有量が0.1質量%未満の場合、溶接金属の強度が不足すると共に、旧γ粒界に存在する粗大な粒界炭化物を微細化する作用が小さく、結果としてSR後の溶接金属の靭性が劣化する。一方、Cr含有量が0.9質量%を超えると、溶接金属の強度及び焼き入れ性が過多になるため、低温靭性が低下する。よって、Cr含有量は0.1~0.9質量%とする。Cr含有量は、溶接金属の強度向上及びSR後の靭性向上の観点から0.2質量%以上であることが好ましい。
TiO2は、アーク安定剤であると共に、スラグ剤の主成分である。ただし、TiO2含有量が4.5質量%未満の場合、溶接作業性が劣化し、全姿勢溶接が困難になる。一方、TiO2含有量が8.5質量%を超えると、溶接金属中の酸素量が増加して靭性が低下する。よって、TiO2含有量は4.5~8.5質量%とする。溶接金属の靭性向上の観点から、TiO2含有量は5.5~8.0質量%であることが好ましい。なお、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにおけるTiO2源としては、フラックス成分として添加されるルチル及び酸化チタンなどが挙げられる。
SiO2は、ビード形状を良好にする効果がある。ただし、SiO2含有量が0.10質量%未満の場合、その効果が十分に得られず、ビード形状が劣化する。一方、SiO2含有量が0.40質量%を超えると、スパッタ発生量が増大する。よって、SiO2含有量は0.10~0.40質量%とする。SiO2含有量は、ビード形状向上の観点から0.15質量%以上とすることが好ましく、また、スパッタ抑制の観点から0.35質量%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにおけるSiO2源としては、フラックス成分として添加されるシリカ、カリガラス及びソーダガラスなどが挙げられる。
Al2O3も、ビード形状を良好にする効果がある。ただし、Al2O3含有量が0.03質量%未満の場合、その効果が十分に得られず、ビード形状が劣化する。一方、Al2O3含有量が0.23質量%を超えると、スパッタ発生量が増大する。よって、Al2O3含有量は0.03~0.23質量%とする。Al2O3含有量は、ビード形状向上の観点から0.07質量%以上とすることが好ましく、また、スパッタ抑制の観点から0.19質量%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにおけるAl2O3源としては、フラックス成分として添加されるアルミナなどが挙げられる。
例えば全姿勢溶接用フラックス入りワイヤの場合、Fe含有量が80質量%未満の場合、スラグ発生量が過多となり、ビード形状が劣化する。ビード形状向上の観点から、Fe含有量は、82~93質量%とすることが好ましい。なお、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにおけるFe源は、鋼製外皮の他、フラックスに添加される鉄粉及びFe系合金などが挙げられる。
本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにおいては、前述した各成分の含有量に加えて、C量、Mn量、Si量、Mo量及びCr量の関係も重要となる。ワイヤ組成を前述した範囲にすることで、溶接金属の引張強度及び低温靭性と、溶接作業性とを、ある程度のレベルにすることはできるが、本発明者は、更に、C量、Mn量、Si量、Mo量及びCr量の関係が、前述した数式(A)を満たすようにすることで、溶接金属の引張強度及び低温靭性と、溶接作業性とを、更に向上させることができることを見出した。
Vは、SR後の溶接金属の低温靭性に影響するため、その含有量を0.020質量%以下に規制することが好ましい。これにより、SR後の溶接金属の低温靭性を向上させることができる。
ワイヤがZrO2を過剰に含有すると、立向溶接作業性が劣化することがある。このため、ZrO2含有量は0.02質量%未満に規制することが好ましく、これにより溶接作業性を向上させることができる。本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにおけるZrO2源としては、ジルコンサンドやジルコニアなどが挙げられる。
Mgは、脱酸元素であり、溶接金属の靭性向上に効果があるため、必要に応じて添加することができる。ただし、Mg含有量が0.2質量%未満では、十分な脱酸効果が得られず、溶接金属の靭性向上は期待できない。また、0.7質量%を超えてMgを含有すると、スパッタ量が増加し、溶接作業性が低下する。よって、Mgを添加する場合は、その含有量が0.2~0.7質量%になるようにする。なお、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにおけるMg源としては、金属Mg、Al-Mg及びNi-Mgなどが挙げられる。
Tiも、溶接金属の靭性向上の効果があり、必要に応じて添加することができる。ただし、Ti含有量が0.05質量%未満の場合、充分な核生成がされず、溶接金属の靭性向上の効果が不十分となる。一方、0.30質量%を超えてTiを含有させると、固溶Tiが過多となり、溶接金属の強度が過多となり、靭性も劣化する。よって、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにTiを添加する場合は、その含有量が0.05~0.30質量%になるようにする。これにより、更に靭性に優れた溶接金属が得られる。
金属フッ化物は、溶接時にアークの安定化に寄与する効果があるため、必要に応じて添加することができる。ただし、金属フッ化物の含有量がF換算値で0.05質量%未満の場合、アークの安定化効果が小さく、スパッタ発生量が多くなることがある。一方、金属フッ素化合物の含有量がF換算値で0.30質量%を超えると、ビード形状が劣化する。よって、金属フッ化物を添加する場合は、その含有量がF換算値で0.05~0.30質量%になるようにする。
Na化合物及びK化合物は、アーク安定剤として、必要に応じて、1種又は2種以上をフラックスに添加することができる。ただし、Na化合物及びK化合物の総含有量が、それぞれNa換算値及びK換算値で、0.01質量%未満の場合、アークの安定化効果が小さく、スパッタ発生量が多くなることがある。一方、Na化合物及びK化合物の総含有量が、それぞれNa換算値及びK換算値で、0.30質量%を超えると、ビード形状が劣化する。よって、Na化合物及びK化合物を添加する場合は、その総含有量が、それぞれNa換算値及びK換算値で0.01~0.30質量%になるようにする。
B、B合金及びB酸化物は、溶接金属の靭性向上に効果があるため、必要に応じて、1種又は2種以上を添加することができる。ただし、これらの総含有量がB換算値で、0.001質量%未満の場合、溶接金属の靭性向上効果が小さく、また、0.020質量%を超えると、溶接金属の耐高温割れ性が低下する。よって、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにB、B合金及びB酸化物を添加する場合は、総含有量がB換算値で0.001~0.020質量%になるようにする。これにより、更に靭性に優れた溶接金属が得られる。
本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤの成分組成における残部は、不可避的不純物である。本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤにおける不可避的不純物としては、V、S、P、Cu、Sn、Na、Co、Ca、Nb、Li、Sb及びAsなどが挙げられる。また、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤには、前述した各成分の他に、本発明の効果が阻害されない範囲で、前述した元素以外の合金元素、スラグ形成剤及びアーク安定剤などが添加されていてもよい。なお、前述した各元素が酸化物や窒化物として添加された場合は、本実施形態のフラックス入りワイヤの残部には、OやNも含まれる。
母材に下記表3に示す鋼板を用いて、下記表4に示す条件で、ガスシールドアーク溶接を行い、得られた溶接金属について、下記表5に示す方法で機械的性質を測定した。なお、下記表3に示す母材組成の残部は、Fe及び不可避的不純物である。機械的性質の評価は、620℃、8時間のSR後の0.2%耐力が500MPa以上、引張強さが600MPa以上で、かつ-40℃の吸収エネルギーが70J以上のものを合格とした。
母材に上記表3に示す鋼板を使用し、下記表6に示す条件でガスシールドアーク溶接にてC形治具拘束突合せ溶接割れ試験(JIS Z 3155)を行い、得られた溶接金属の割れ率を求めた。割れ率は、破断したビードのビード長に対する割れ(クレータ割れを含む)長さの比率(質量%)とし、耐高温割れ性の評価は、割れ率が10質量%以下のものを合格とした。
母材に上記表3に示す鋼板を使用し、下記表7に示す条件でガスシールドアーク溶接を行い、溶接作業性を評価した。その結果、溶接作業性が非常に良好であったものを◎、溶接作業性が良好であったものを○、不良であったものを×とした。
本出願は、2014年9月3日出願の日本特許出願(特願2014-178915)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (5)
- 鋼製外皮内にフラックスが充填されたフラックス入りワイヤであって、
ワイヤ全質量あたり、
Cを0.01~0.12質量%、
Siを0.05質量%以上0.30質量%未満、
Mnを1.0~3.5質量%、
Niを0.1質量%以上1.0質量%未満、
Moを0.10~0.30質量%、
Crを0.1~0.9質量%、
TiO2を4.5~8.5質量%、
SiO2を0.10~0.40質量%、
Al2O3を0.03~0.23質量%、
Feを80質量%以上
含有するガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ。 - Vが、ワイヤ全質量あたり、0.020質量%以下に規制された請求項1に記載のガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ。
- 更に、下記(a)~(e)の少なくとも1つを含有する請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ。
(a)Mgを、ワイヤ全質量あたり0.2~0.7質量%
(b)Tiを、ワイヤ全質量あたり0.05~0.30質量%
(c)金属フッ化物を、ワイヤ全質量あたり、F換算値で0.05~0.30質量%
(d)Na化合物若しくはK化合物又はその両方を、ワイヤ全質量あたり、Na換算値及びK換算値の合計で0.01~0.30質量%
(e)B、B合金及びB酸化物のうち少なくとも1種を、ワイヤ全質量あたり、B換算値の合計で0.001~0.020質量% - ZrO2が、ワイヤ全質量あたり、0.02質量%未満に規制された請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ。
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JP2018039025A (ja) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-03-15 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | ガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ及び溶接金属 |
KR102244428B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-08 | 2021-04-26 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 플럭스 코어드 와이어, 용접 조인트의 제조 방법, 및 용접 조인트 |
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CA3087438C (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2022-08-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) | Flux-cored wire for gas shield arc welding |
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JP2003019595A (ja) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-21 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 低合金耐熱鋼用ガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ |
JP2007090376A (ja) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-12 | Kobe Steel Ltd | ガスシールドアーク溶接用フラックス入りワイヤ |
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CN108544132A (zh) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-09-18 | 淮北卓颂建筑工程有限公司 | 一种高耐磨不锈钢焊丝的制备方法 |
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CN106794558A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
JP6322093B2 (ja) | 2018-05-09 |
CN106794558B (zh) | 2019-01-18 |
EP3189930B1 (en) | 2020-08-26 |
EP3189930A1 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
KR20170021891A (ko) | 2017-02-28 |
KR101970076B1 (ko) | 2019-04-17 |
JP2016052667A (ja) | 2016-04-14 |
KR20190006074A (ko) | 2019-01-16 |
EP3189930A4 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
US20170274482A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
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