WO2016013212A1 - Procédé de soudage par points à résistance - Google Patents

Procédé de soudage par points à résistance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016013212A1
WO2016013212A1 PCT/JP2015/003657 JP2015003657W WO2016013212A1 WO 2016013212 A1 WO2016013212 A1 WO 2016013212A1 JP 2015003657 W JP2015003657 W JP 2015003657W WO 2016013212 A1 WO2016013212 A1 WO 2016013212A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
point
energization
resistance spot
electrodes
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Application number
PCT/JP2015/003657
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
公一 谷口
央海 澤西
泰明 沖田
池田　倫正
Original Assignee
Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority to JP2015552930A priority Critical patent/JP5991444B2/ja
Publication of WO2016013212A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016013212A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a resistance spot welding method in which two or more steel plates are overlapped.
  • Resistance spot welding is widely used to assemble car bodies such as automobiles. Resistance spot welding of thousands of points is performed with one car body.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of general resistance spot welding.
  • resistance spot welding two or more steel plates are overlapped (steel plates 1 and 2 in FIG. 1), sandwiched between a pair of upper and lower welding electrodes 4 and 5, and energized while being pressed, thereby welding the steel plates.
  • a nugget 6 having a predetermined size is formed at (welding point) to obtain a welded joint.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for spot welding a plurality of welding points simultaneously. This is because multiple welding shanks for attaching electrodes are installed at the end of the main body of one welding machine, and multiple electrodes (such as two-forked electrodes) are energized while being in pressure contact with each other. Spot welding is performed simultaneously at points.
  • a step of performing series spot welding with a plurality of resistance welders and a welding electrode of one resistance welder among the plurality of resistance welders is used as an indirect welding electrode.
  • a welding method is disclosed.
  • JP 2010-179318 A Japanese Patent No. 4836515
  • the present inventors examined influential factors for the diversion phenomenon to the already welded point.
  • an already welded point when a current is applied in resistance spot welding, an electric circuit in parallel with the already welded point and the weld point to be newly welded is formed.
  • the current value to be diverted to the already welded point is determined by the relationship between the path to the already welded point and the resistance value of the already welded point itself and the resistance value of the welded point to be newly welded. Therefore, it is considered that shunt current can be suppressed by increasing the resistance value of the welded point.
  • Patent Document 1 the method of spot-welding two welding points at the same time using a two-pronged electrode simultaneously raises the resistance value by simultaneously raising the temperatures of the two welding points. Thereby, the influence by the mutual shunting of the two welding points can be suppressed.
  • the temperature does not rise in the initial stage of welding, the influence of the diversion to the already welded point is inevitable, and the nugget formation may become unstable at the weld point near the already welded point.
  • Patent Document 1 since a specially shaped electrode (bifurcated electrode) is used, it is necessary to use a special apparatus for electrode dressing performed in normal construction. There is a problem that management becomes difficult.
  • the present invention has been made for such a problem, and provides a resistance spot welding method capable of stably forming a nugget in a short time even when the distance between welding points is short. Objective.
  • the present inventors do not use a welding machine equipped with a special electrode as in Patent Document 1, but use two welding machines equipped with normal electrodes. The study was conducted on the assumption that the welding machine of the same time would be controlled simultaneously.
  • the present inventors changed the way of thinking and considered a method of utilizing the diversion from the preceding welding point to the existing welding point. Specifically, in addition to the above-described time difference welding method, preliminary energization is performed at the preceding welding point, and the existing welding point is heated by a shunt from the preceding welding point to the existing welding point. This is a method of performing the main energization of the preceding welding point after increasing the resistance value.
  • the present invention is based on the above idea and has the following features.
  • a nugget can be stably formed in a short time even when the distance between welding points is short.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of general resistance spot welding.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of resistance spot welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of resistance spot welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing energization conditions in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a basic welding method in one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a welding state including already welded points in one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing energization conditions in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the basic welding method in this embodiment is as follows.
  • a steel plate 1 disposed below (hereinafter referred to as a lower steel plate) and a steel plate 2 disposed below (hereinafter referred to as an upper steel plate) are overlapped.
  • the superposed steel plates 1 and 2 are sandwiched between an electrode pair composed of the upper electrode A and the lower electrode B and an electrode pair composed of the upper electrode C and the lower electrode D, and are energized while being pressurized.
  • one electrode pair (electrodes A and B) conducts two-stage energization and starts energization ahead of the other electrode pair (electrodes C and D).
  • Electrodes A and B After performing a high current preliminary energization in a short time, a main energization for obtaining a target nugget is performed, and the other electrode pair ( In the electrodes C and D), energization is started from the start of preliminary energization of one electrode pair (electrodes A and B) to the end of the main energization.
  • the structure which pressurizes using the electrodes A and B and the electrodes C and D, and the structure which controls the applied pressure are not particularly limited, and a conventionally known device such as an air cylinder or a servo motor is used. Can do.
  • the configuration for supplying current when energizing and controlling the current value is not particularly limited, and conventionally known devices can be used.
  • the current during energization may be direct current or alternating current.
  • the axes P1 and P2 It is desirable that the distance L to be between 10 mm and 50 mm. If the distance L is larger than 50 mm, the influence of the diversion due to the presence of the preceding welding point becomes relatively small. However, even if the distance L is 50 mm or more, the effect of the present invention can be obtained. An effect can be obtained if the distance L is set to be larger than the nugget radius targeted by the preceding welding point. However, in consideration of mechanical limitations, it is desirable that the distance L is practically 10 mm or more.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a welding state including already-welded points in this embodiment.
  • the electrodes A and B for performing the pre-welding are arranged on the side close to the existing welding point, and the electrodes C and D for performing the subsequent welding are arranged on the side far from the existing welding point. This is because it is important to suppress the diversion to the already-welded point by heating the already-welded point by preliminary energization in the preceding welding.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing energization conditions in this embodiment.
  • the current value of the preliminary energization in the pre-welding is Ip
  • the energization time is Tp
  • the current value of the main energization is Ia
  • the energization time is Ta.
  • the cooling time between the preliminary energization and the main energization is Tc.
  • the current value in the subsequent welding is Ib
  • the energization time is Tb.
  • the time difference between the welding start time of the pre-welding (starting time of preliminary energization) and the welding start time of the subsequent welding is Ts. Further, the time difference between the welding end time of the preceding welding and the welding end time of the subsequent welding is Td.
  • the time difference Ts between the welding start time of the preceding welding and the welding start time of the subsequent welding is desirably 10 ms or more and 200 ms or less from the viewpoint of workability.
  • the time difference Ts is less than 10 ms, the effect of the present invention that the already welded point is heated by the preliminary energization in the pre-welding to suppress the diversion to the already welded point cannot be sufficiently obtained.
  • the time difference Ts is larger than 200 ms, the construction time becomes longer and the productivity becomes worse.
  • the pre-energization time Tp in the pre-welding is desirably a short time of 10 ms or more and 100 ms or less.
  • the preliminary energization time Tp is less than 10 ms, a sufficient temperature rise at the welded point cannot be obtained, and a shunt current is generated at the welded point.
  • the temperature rise at the welded point due to the preliminary energization is most greatly obtained in the initial stage of the preliminary energization in which the contact resistance between the two steel plates is high.
  • the current value Ip of the preliminary energization in the pre-welding is preferably set to be equal to or greater than the current value Ia of the main energization. This is because if the current value Ip of the preliminary energization is lower than the current value Ia of the main energization, the effect of increasing the temperature at the welded point by the preliminary energization is small. However, if the current value Ip for the preliminary energization is too higher than the current value Ia for the main energization, it may cause scattering. Therefore, it is desirable that the current value Ip of the preliminary energization is in the range of the following formula (1).
  • the cooling time Tc is desirably 50 ms or less. This is because if the cooling time Tc is too long, the temperature of the already-welded point is lowered, and the effect of suppressing the diversion to the already-welded point is reduced.
  • the time difference Td between the welding end time of the preceding welding and the welding end time of the subsequent welding is 0 ms or more and not more than the time difference Ts of the welding start time.
  • the end time of the pre-welding or the end time of the post-welding may be first, but from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient nugget diameter by securing a sufficient welding time, the post-welding is the pre-welding. It is desirable to finish later.
  • the existing welding point is heated to increase the resistance value of the existing welding point.
  • the time difference welding between the preceding welding and the succeeding welding rapidly raises the temperature of the preceding welding point and the temperature of the succeeding welding point, thereby reducing the influence of the two welding points on each other. Suppress.
  • the lower steel plate 1 and the upper steel plate 2 were overlapped and resistance spot welding was performed.
  • the lower steel plate 1 and the upper steel plate 2 have the same thickness and the same steel type, and the shape is a rectangle having a long side of 150 mm and a short side of 50 mm.
  • the nugget diameter d3 is 4 at a distance of L1 in the direction opposite to the axis P2 of the electrodes C and D starting the welding from the axis P1 of the electrodes A and B starting the welding in advance.
  • An already-welded point that is ⁇ t (t: plate thickness) was formed.
  • the distance L1 is the distance between the axis P1 of the electrodes A and B that start welding in advance and the center P3 of the nugget diameter of the already welded point.
  • the distance L2 is the distance between the axis P1 of the electrodes A and B and the axis P2 of the electrodes C and D.
  • Electrodes A, B, C and D were all DR-type electrodes made of alumina-dispersed copper with a tip diameter of 6 mm and a curvature radius of 40 mm.
  • the control of the pressure applied to the upper electrodes A and B was performed by a servo motor that drives the upper electrodes A and B, and a single-phase AC power source with a frequency of 50 Hz was used during energization.
  • the energization conditions as shown in FIG. 4 are as shown in Table 1.
  • the example of the present invention is obtained by performing spot welding based on the above-described embodiment of the present invention.
  • Comparative Example 1 only the electrodes A and B were used and spot welding was performed for each welding point individually.
  • the weld cross section of the welded joint obtained under each setting condition is cut, and the nugget diameter d1 of the welding point by the electrodes A and B and the nugget diameter d2 of the welding point by the electrodes C and D are each set as a reference nugget diameter.
  • the standard nugget diameter of 5.0 mm is the nugget diameter of the welded portion in which welding is performed under the welding conditions of the electrodes C and D in the state where no existing welding points are formed and the electrodes A and B are not energized. is there.
  • the diameter d1 of the welded portion by the electrodes A and B and the diameter d2 of the welded portion by the electrodes C and D are less than 5% of the reduction rate compared to the reference welded portion diameter of 5.0 mm, or the reference In the case where the diameter of the welded portion is larger than 5.0 mm, it is indicated as ⁇ , and the case where it is not so is indicated as ⁇ .
  • Table 1 The results are shown in Table 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de soudage par points, moyennant quoi un noyau de soudure peut être formé rapidement et de façon stable même quand la distance entre des points de soudage est réduite. Après une brève application préliminaire d'un courant élevé, une application de courant principale pour former un point de soudure désiré est effectuée au niveau d'une paire d'électrodes (électrodes A, B), et une application de courant est déclenchée sur l'autre paire d'électrodes (électrodes C, D) après le début de l'application de courant préliminaire et avant la fin de l'application de courant principale.
PCT/JP2015/003657 2014-07-23 2015-07-21 Procédé de soudage par points à résistance WO2016013212A1 (fr)

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JP2015552930A JP5991444B2 (ja) 2014-07-23 2015-07-21 抵抗スポット溶接方法

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JP2014149492 2014-07-23
JP2014-149492 2014-07-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019136748A (ja) * 2018-02-13 2019-08-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 抵抗スポット溶接方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6135703B2 (ja) * 2014-05-29 2017-05-31 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 自動車用抵抗スポット溶接方法および自動車用溶接継手の製造方法
KR20180101744A (ko) 2017-03-06 2018-09-14 현대자동차주식회사 핫스탬핑 강판 프로젝션 하드웨어 용접방법

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012011398A (ja) * 2010-06-29 2012-01-19 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd 抵抗溶接方法
JP2012091203A (ja) * 2010-10-27 2012-05-17 Jfe Steel Corp インダイレクトスポット溶接方法

Family Cites Families (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4836515B2 (ja) * 2005-08-19 2011-12-14 ダイハツ工業株式会社 抵抗溶接方法
JP2010179318A (ja) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-19 Shinko Kiki Kk 多点打ち電極装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012011398A (ja) * 2010-06-29 2012-01-19 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd 抵抗溶接方法
JP2012091203A (ja) * 2010-10-27 2012-05-17 Jfe Steel Corp インダイレクトスポット溶接方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019136748A (ja) * 2018-02-13 2019-08-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 抵抗スポット溶接方法
JP7010720B2 (ja) 2018-02-13 2022-01-26 トヨタ自動車株式会社 抵抗スポット溶接方法

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