WO2015188573A1 - 一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法及装置 - Google Patents
一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015188573A1 WO2015188573A1 PCT/CN2014/089881 CN2014089881W WO2015188573A1 WO 2015188573 A1 WO2015188573 A1 WO 2015188573A1 CN 2014089881 W CN2014089881 W CN 2014089881W WO 2015188573 A1 WO2015188573 A1 WO 2015188573A1
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- electromagnetic
- swirling device
- electromagnetic swirling
- nozzle
- opening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/62—Pouring-nozzles with stirring or vibrating means
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- the invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical continuous casting, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic swirling nozzle continuous casting method and device.
- the main flow of the immersion nozzle is usually left and right swinging, that is, the uneven flow of the outlet in the crystallizer is uneven.
- the flow and temperature distribution in the crystallizer are uneven, resulting in liquid.
- a series of problems such as partial cooling of the surface, steel leakage and surface cracking of the slab; bias current will also cause fluctuation of the liquid level, especially as the casting speed of the continuous casting increases, the unevenness of the outlet is intensified, and the fluctuation of the liquid surface is intensified, thereby limiting The increase of the pulling speed; the biasing will also lead to the occurrence of eddy current slag near the nozzle and the shearing slag near the short side, resulting in serious slab quality defects such as subcutaneous pinholes, subcutaneous slag inclusions, coiled wire defects, etc.
- the production is difficult to avoid due to the following reasons:
- Misalignment may occur in the center of the immersion nozzle and the water inlet of the ladle, which may also cause a bias current.
- the technician developed a mechanical swirl nozzle, and the swirling flow of the molten steel nozzle is uniform and stable, although the flow and temperature distribution in the mold are improved to some extent, and the flow is reduced.
- the liquid level fluctuations improve the surface and internal quality of the slab, but the mechanical swirl nozzle is accompanied by the following serious defects:
- the swirling speed of molten steel is proportional to the falling speed.
- effective swirling flow cannot be obtained. That is, in the pouring stage, the ladle stage and the end of casting, the molten steel cannot obtain the necessary Swirling flow, its uniform temperature field, removal of inclusions and other functions will deteriorate sharply;
- the Chinese patent No. 200510047290.6 discloses an electromagnetic spin.
- a rotating electromagnetic field is installed around the immersion nozzle to generate a swirling flow of molten steel in the nozzle, which can achieve the same effect of the mechanical swirling nozzle without clogging and life problems; at the same time, the swirling strength is more flexible and adaptable to different steels.
- the requirements for the shape of the continuous casting billet; basic research shows that the electromagnetic swirling nozzle can produce the same swirling strength of the mechanical swirling nozzle in the nozzle, and it is expected to obtain the same metallurgical effect.
- the electromagnetic swirling nozzle needs to arrange an electromagnetic swirling device around the nozzle, which is limited by the continuous casting process, the space around the crystallizer is narrow, and the space between the tundish and the crystallizer is also limited; although three structures are disclosed in the patent.
- the electromagnetic swirling device of the form is specifically a 360-degree integral ring structure, a 180-degree semi-annular structure and a 360-degree split-type ring structure, but adopts a 360-degree integral ring-shaped electromagnetic swirling device to the existing company.
- the casting process will have a very large impact.
- the electromagnetic swirling device with a 180 degree semi-annular structure has a very low magnetic field efficiency.
- the electromagnetic cyclone device with a 360 degree split ring structure will cause the water circuit system to be large and need to be separate. Design a set of opening and closing and supporting devices, and the device is still 360-degree ring after closing, which has a serious impact on the addition of on-site protective slag; and the patented electromagnetic swirling device has a lower magnetic field frequency, so a larger current is required to generate Strong magnetic fields lead to large energy inputs.
- the existing electromagnetic swirling device must be redesigned to meet the requirements of electromagnetic swirl continuous casting without greatly affecting the existing continuous casting process.
- the present invention provides an electromagnetic swirl nozzle casting method and apparatus capable of satisfying the requirements of electromagnetic swirl continuous casting without greatly affecting the existing continuous casting process, and simultaneously satisfying the circle Continuous casting requirements for billets, billets and slabs.
- an electromagnetic swirl nozzle continuous casting method comprising the following steps:
- Step 1 Before performing continuous casting, according to different continuous casting processes, an electromagnetic swirling device is selected;
- Step 2 installing the selected electromagnetic swirling device between the tundish and the crystallizer, and the electromagnetic swirling device can be telescopically moved in the horizontal direction with respect to the nozzle;
- Step 3 When performing continuous casting, move the electromagnetic swirling device to the periphery of the nozzle;
- Step 4 energize the electromagnetic swirling device, adjust the current and frequency according to the process requirements, and cause the electromagnetic swirling device to generate a rotating electromagnetic field;
- Step 5 Rotate the electromagnetic field to act on the molten steel in the nozzle, so that the molten steel in the nozzle rotates, and finally obtain a uniform nozzle outflow.
- the electromagnetic swirling device has the following three types:
- the first type two-lobed electromagnetic swirling device
- the second type an electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening and a magnetic circuit closed;
- the third type electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening.
- the two-lobed electromagnetic swirling device comprises an electromagnetic swirling device body, an opening and closing control mechanism and a supporting device, and a winding is arranged in the electromagnetic swirling device body;
- the electromagnetic swirling device body is composed of a left half shell And the right half shell, the left half shell and the right half shell are two symmetrical semicircular ring structures, and the left half shell is provided with the water inlet, the water outlet and the binding post of the left half shell, in the right half
- the housing is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a binding post of the right half housing, and one ends of the left and right housings are connected by a hinge connection, and the opposite side walls of the other end are respectively provided with a left half slot and Right half through groove; after the left half shell and the right half shell are closed, the electromagnetic swirling device body has a circular ring shape, and the left half through groove and the right half through groove form a through hole, that is, a slag addition port; the left half case And the non-h
- An ear plate is respectively disposed on the left half shell and the right half shell, and the opening and closing control mechanism is connected to the left half shell and the right half shell through the ear plate;
- the winding of the electromagnetic swirling device body is adopted a cogging type concentrated winding or a ring winding;
- the opening and closing control mechanism is composed of a first link, a second link and a third link, and the first link, the second link and the third link
- the inner end is hinged, the outer end of the first link is hinged to the ear plate of the left half case, and the outer end of the third link is hinged to the ear plate of the right half case.
- the electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening and magnetic circuit closing includes an electromagnetic swirling device body having an opening on one side, a magnetic circuit compensating device and a supporting device, and a winding is disposed in the electromagnetic swirling device body;
- the magnetic circuit compensating device is made of a refractory-wrapped iron core disposed at an opening of the electromagnetic swirling device body to form a closed magnetic circuit structure together with the electromagnetic swirling device body;
- the supporting device includes a support rod and a support rod One end is fixedly connected with the electromagnetic swirling device body, and the other end is fixedly connected with the tundish beam.
- the support rod is a telescopic structure, and the supporting rod and the tundish beam are fixedly connected by a fixed steel plate of the tundish beam.
- the electromagnetic swirling device body and the magnetic circuit compensating device are connected by a hinge connection, and the closed magnetic circuit structure formed by the magnetic circuit compensating device and the electromagnetic swirling device body has a circular or horseshoe shape; the magnetic circuit compensating device The outside is air-cooled, water-cooled or oil-cooled.
- the one-side open electromagnetic swirling device comprises an electromagnetic swirling device body having an opening on one side and a supporting device.
- the electromagnetic swirling device body is provided with a core and a winding, and the iron core is an tooth having an opening on one side. a slot type, the opening of the iron core corresponding to the opening of the body of the electromagnetic swirling device, the winding is wound on the iron core;
- the supporting device comprises a supporting rod, one end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the body of the electromagnetic swirling device, and the other end is
- the tundish beam is fixedly connected, the support bar is a telescopic structure, and the support bar and the tundish beam are fixedly connected by a fixed steel plate of the tundish beam.
- the iron core has three protruding teeth, wherein the outer two teeth are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the immersion nozzle, and the non-open side of the iron core is linear or curved; the winding is wound around the iron core Highlighted teeth.
- the electromagnetic swirling nozzle continuous casting method and device of the invention can ensure that the electromagnetic swirling device can be quickly moved to a suitable position around the nozzle during continuous casting to meet the requirements of electromagnetic swirl continuous casting, and will not be present.
- the continuous casting process has the effect of ensuring the smooth running of the electromagnetic swirl continuous casting; when the continuous casting is stopped or the nozzle is replaced, the electromagnetic swirling device can be quickly removed from the nozzle, and the electromagnetic swirling device can be realized. Rapid recovery when not in use; when the electromagnetic swirl device acts on the nozzle area, the magnetic field frequency in the nozzle can be up to 800 Hz, so that a high frequency can achieve a strong swirling effect with a small current, thereby reducing energy input. .
- the two-lobed electromagnetic swirling device used in the invention can ensure the closure of the magnetic field circuit to the utmost extent, and can generate a strong magnetic field in the immersion nozzle, which can make the molten steel produce strong rotation in the immersion nozzle. Effectively improve the uniformity and stability of the outflow of the nozzle, thereby improving the flow and heat transfer behavior of the molten steel in the mold, and improving the quality of the continuous casting blank; the design of the protective slag addition port is not correct under the premise of ensuring the magnetic field strength.
- the continuous casting process added to the on-site slag has a great influence, which can ensure the smooth progress of continuous casting.
- the electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening and magnetic circuit closed adopting the invention, the magnetic circuit compensating device ensures the closing of the magnetic field circuit, and a strong magnetic field can be generated in the intrusive nozzle, so that the molten steel can be made in the immersion nozzle
- the strong rotation inside can effectively improve the uniformity and stability of the nozzle outflow, thereby improving the flow and heat transfer behavior of the molten steel in the mold and improving the quality of the continuous casting billet.
- the electromagnetic swirling device with single-side opening adopted by the invention has a large winding space, can ensure sufficient electromagnetic swirling intensity, meets the electromagnetic swirling intensity, and can make the molten steel generate strong rotation in the immersion nozzle. It can effectively improve the uniformity and stability of the outflow of the nozzle, thereby improving the flow and heat transfer behavior of the molten steel in the crystallizer, and improving the quality of the continuous casting blank; since the electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening is located during the electromagnetic swirling operation The side of the immersion nozzle provides sufficient space on the other side for the site worker to observe the crystallizer level, pick the slag and add the mold flux.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a continuous casting apparatus of an electromagnetic swirl nozzle continuous casting method to which the present invention is applied;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a two-lobed electromagnetic swirling device of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a side view of Figure 2;
- 4(a) and 4(b) are electromagnetic swirling devices with one side opening and magnetic circuit closed according to the present invention
- Figure 5 is a side view of Figure 4 (a);
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an electromagnetic swirling device with a single side opening
- Figure 7 is a side view of Figure 6;
- 8(a) and 8(b) are schematic diagrams showing the structure of the iron core and the winding of the electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening;
- An electromagnetic swirl nozzle continuous casting method comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 Before continuous casting, according to different continuous casting process, an electromagnetic swirling device 3 is selected;
- Step 2 The selected electromagnetic swirling device 3 is installed between the tundish 1 and the crystallizer 4, and the electromagnetic swirling device 3 can be telescopically moved in the horizontal direction with respect to the nozzle 2;
- Step 3 When performing continuous casting, move the electromagnetic swirling device 3 to the periphery of the nozzle 2;
- Step 4 energizing the electromagnetic swirling device 3, adjusting the current and frequency according to the process requirements, so that the electromagnetic swirling device 3 generates a rotating electromagnetic field;
- Step 5 Rotating the electromagnetic field to act on the molten steel in the nozzle 2, so that the molten steel in the nozzle 2 is rotated, and finally a uniform nozzle outlet is obtained.
- the suitable continuous casting device is shown in FIG.
- the electromagnetic swirling device 3 has the following three types:
- the first type two-lobed electromagnetic swirling device
- the second type an electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening and a magnetic circuit closed;
- the third type electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening.
- the two-lobed electromagnetic swirling device includes an electromagnetic swirling device body 5, an opening and closing control mechanism and a supporting device, and a winding is disposed in the electromagnetic swirling device body 5;
- the electromagnetic swirling device body is composed of a left half shell and a right half shell, the left half shell and the right half shell are two symmetrical semicircular ring structures, and the left half shell is provided with a water inlet of the left half shell.
- the water outlet and the binding post are provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a binding post of the right half shell on the right half shell, and one ends of the left and right half shells are connected by a hinge connection, and the opposite side of the other end
- the left half through groove and the right half through groove are respectively opened on the wall; after the left half case and the right half case are closed, the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 has a circular shape, and the left half through groove and the right half through groove form a through hole.
- the support device comprises a support rod 11 , and one end of the support rod 11 is fixedly hinged at the hinge joint 6 The other end is fixedly connected to the tundish beam 13; the support rod 11 is a telescopic structure The fixed plate 13 between the support bars 11 and the tundish through the tundish cross member 12 fixedly connected to the cross member.
- An ear plate 7 is respectively disposed on the left half casing and the right half casing, and the opening and closing control mechanism is connected to the left half casing and the right half casing through the ear plate 7;
- the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 is The winding is a cogging type concentrated winding or a ring winding;
- the opening and closing control mechanism is composed of a first connecting rod 8, a second connecting rod 9 and a third connecting rod 10, the first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting unit
- the rod 9 is hinged to the inner end of the third link 10, and the outer end of the first link 8 is hinged to the ear plate 7 of the left half casing, and the third link 10
- the outer end is hinged to the ear plate 7 of the right half of the housing.
- the electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening and magnetic circuit closed includes an electromagnetic swirling device body 5 having an opening on one side, and a magnetic circuit compensating device 14. And a supporting device, wherein the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 is provided with a winding; the magnetic circuit compensating device 14 is made of a refractory-wrapped iron core, which is disposed at the opening of the electromagnetic swirling device body 5, and the electromagnetic rotating
- the flow device body 5 together form a closed magnetic circuit structure;
- the support device includes a support rod 11 having one end fixedly connected to the electromagnetic swirl device body 5 and the other end fixedly connected to the tundish cross member 13, the support rod 11 In the case of a telescopic structure, the support rod 11 and the tundish beam 13 are fixedly connected by a fixed steel plate 12 of a tundish cross member.
- the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 and the magnetic circuit compensating device 14 are connected by a hinge connection 6, and the closed magnetic circuit structure formed by the magnetic circuit compensating device 14 and the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 has a circular or horseshoe shape;
- the outer side of the magnetic circuit compensating device 14 is air-cooled, water-cooled or oil-cooled.
- the one-side open electromagnetic swirling device comprises an electromagnetic swirling device body 5 having an opening on one side and a supporting device in the electromagnetic swirling
- the apparatus body 5 is provided with a core 15 and a winding 16 which is a slot type having an opening on one side, the opening of the core 15 corresponding to the opening of the body of the electromagnetic swirling device 5, and the winding 16 is placed on the core
- the support device includes a support rod 11 .
- One end of the support rod 11 is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 , and the other end is fixedly connected to the tundish beam 13 .
- the support rod 11 is a telescopic structure, and the support rod 11 is supported.
- the fixed steel plate 12 is connected to the tundish beam 13 by a tundish cross member.
- the iron core 15 has three protruding teeth 17, wherein the outer two teeth 17 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the submerged nozzle 2, and the non-opening side of the iron core 15 is linear or curved; the winding 16 is wound Placed on the three protruding teeth 17 of the core 15.
- the utility model adopts a two-valve intrusive nozzle electromagnetic swirling device to perform electromagnetic swirl continuous casting.
- the power supply cabinet for supplying power to the electromagnetic swirling device can provide a current of 0 to 800 Hz and 0 to 1000 A, which can The magnetic field is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise; as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the height h of the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 is 80 to 500 mm, the inner diameter r is 25 to 150 mm, the outer diameter R is 80 to 500 mm, and the opening and closing angle ⁇ is 10° ⁇ 180°, the distance X1 from the center of the body of the electromagnetic swirling device to the lowermost end of the ear plate 7 is 100-1000 mm, and the support rod 11 can adopt a pneumatic transmission telescopic rod or a mechanical transmission telescopic rod, and the telescopic length range X2 is 600 ⁇ 2000mm, the length of the control end of the opening and closing control mechanism X3 is 200 ⁇ 500mm, can be driven by pneumatic, mechanical
- Electromagnetic cyclone continuous casting is performed by an electromagnetic swirling device with one side opening and magnetic circuit closing.
- the power supply cabinet for supplying power to the electromagnetic swirling device can provide a current of 0 to 800 Hz and 0 to 1000 A.
- the magnetic field can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise; as shown in Figures 4(a), 4(b) and 5, the height h of the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 is 80-500 mm, and the width at the opening is 30-200 mm.
- the support rod 11 can adopt a pneumatic transmission telescopic rod or a mechanical transmission telescopic rod, and the telescopic length ranges from 600 to 2000 mm.
- the magnetic circuit compensating device 14 is opened by the hinge connection 6, the length of the support rod 11 is adjusted, and the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 is disposed at the periphery of the submerged nozzle 2 through the opening of one side thereof, and then the magnetic circuit compensating device is further disposed. 14 is closed, the power cabinet supplies power to the electromagnetic swirling device, so that a closed magnetic field loop is formed between the magnetic circuit compensating device 14 and the electromagnetic swirling device body 5, and electromagnetic swirl continuous casting is realized.
- Electromagnetic cyclone continuous casting is performed by using an electromagnetic swirling device with a single-side opening.
- a power supply cabinet for supplying power to the electromagnetic swirling device can provide a current of 0 to 800 Hz and 0 to 1000 A, which can generate a magnetic field.
- the rod 11 can adopt a pneumatic transmission telescopic rod or a mechanical transmission telescopic rod, and the telescopic length ranges from 600 to 2000 mm.
- the electromagnetic swirling device body 5 is disposed at the periphery of the immersion nozzle 2 through its opening.
- the power cabinet supplies power to the electromagnetic swirling device, and the electromagnetic swirling device generates a rotating electromagnetic field. Electromagnetic swirl continuous casting.
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Abstract
一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法，连铸前选定一种电磁旋流装置，将选定的电磁旋流装置（3）安装到中间包（1）和结晶器（4）之间，电磁旋流装置相对于水口（2）在水平方向上可进行伸缩移动，进行连铸时，将电磁旋流装置移动至水口周围，对电磁旋流装置通电，根据工艺要求调解电流和频率，使电磁旋流装置产生旋转电磁场，旋转电磁场作用水口内的钢液，使水口内的钢液产生旋转，最终获得均匀的水口出流。还涉及三种电磁旋流装置，包括两瓣式电磁旋流装置，一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置及单侧开口的电磁旋流装置，满足电磁旋流连铸要求，不会对现有的连铸工艺造成很大的影响。
Description
本发明属于冶金连铸技术领域，特别是涉及一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法及装置。
在连铸过程中，浸入式水口出流主流通常会发生左右摆动现象，即出现结晶器内水口出流大小左右不均的偏流，结果会导致结晶器内流动和温度分布不均匀，从而导致液面局部冷却、漏钢及铸坯表面裂纹等一系列问题；偏流还会导致液面波动，特别是随着连铸拉坯速度提高，水口出流不均匀性加剧，液面波动加剧，从而限制拉速的提高；偏流还会导致出现水口附近涡流卷渣和短边附近的剪切卷渣，产生如皮下针孔、皮下夹渣、板卷线状缺陷等严重铸坯质量缺陷，这种偏流的产生难以避免，由于如下原因：
(1)钢液水平方向上的惯性：钢液在进入浸入式水口时在水平方向上有一定的速度，使得钢液在水口横断面上分布不均，从而使水口出流的钢液产生偏流；
(2)滑动水口控制：在连铸中控制钢水流量的滑动水口通常都处于半开的状态，所以造成向下注入浸入式水口的钢液流动方向不是铅直的，而是斜向下的，因为这个原因，浸入式水口内钢液会象蛇行一样一边左右摆动一边向下流动进入结晶器，并且这个流动不是定常流动，即钢液通过非定常的流路被注入到结晶器中；
(3)夹杂物结瘤：钢水中存在的夹杂物在通过浸入式水口时会吸附在水口内表面，局部长大并结瘤，使得钢液在水口横断面上分布不均，形成偏流；
(4)操作的原因：浸入式水口中心与钢包上水口的中心会出现未对准的情况，也会造成偏流。
为了解决偏流导致的铸坯质量缺陷，技术人员开发了机械式旋流水口，旋流状态的钢液水口出流均匀且稳定，虽然在一定程度上改善了结晶器内流动和温度分布，降低了液面波动，改善了铸坯表面和内部质量，但是机械式旋流水口同时伴有以下严重缺陷：
(1)耐火材料螺旋叶片由于钢液的冲刷寿命低，钢液夹杂物易在螺旋叶片上吸附从而发生堵塞，经常更换水口不仅成本提高，更严重影响生产；
(2)钢液的回旋速度和下降速度成正比，在低速流动(如低速铸造)时，不能得到有效的回旋流动，即在开浇阶段，换钢包阶段及浇铸末期，钢液不能得到必要的回旋流动，其均匀温度场，去除夹杂物等功能会急剧恶化；
(3)旋流方式不可调节，难以适应不同工艺要求，因此应用受到限制。
针对上述机械旋流水口的不足，申请号为200510047290.6的中国专利公开了一种电磁旋
流水口，在浸入式水口周围安装旋转电磁场以在水口内钢液产生旋流，即能达到机械旋流水口同样的效果，又没有堵塞和寿命问题；同时旋流强度更加灵活的适应于不同钢种和连铸坯形状的要求；基础研究表明，电磁旋流水口可以在水口内产生机械旋流水口同等的旋流强度，可望获得同等的冶金效果。
但是上述电磁旋流水口需要在水口周围布置电磁旋流装置，受到连铸工艺的限制，结晶器的周围空间狭小，中间包和结晶器之间空间也有限；尽管在专利中公开了三种结构形式的电磁旋流装置，具体为360度整体环型结构、180度半圆环型结构及360度分体式环型结构，但是采用360度整体环型结构的电磁旋流装置对现有的连铸工艺会造成非常大的影响，采用180度半圆环型结构的电磁旋流装置磁场效率非常低，采用360度分体式环型结构的电磁旋流装置会导致水路电路***庞大，还需要单独设计一套开合及支撑装置，并且装置闭合之后仍为360度环形，对现场保护渣的添加有严重影响；并且专利中的电磁旋流装置的磁场频率较低，因此需要较大电流才能产生较强磁场，导致能源投入大。
基于上述原因，必须要对现有的电磁旋流装置进行重新设计，同时满足电磁旋流连铸的要求，又不对现有的连铸工艺造成很大的影响。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种能够满足电磁旋流连铸的要求，且不对现有的连铸工艺造成很大的影响的电磁旋流水口连铸方法及装置，同时满足圆坯、方坯和板坯的连铸要求。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：进行连铸前，根据不同的连铸工艺，选定一种电磁旋流装置；
步骤二：将选定的电磁旋流装置安装到中间包和结晶器之间，且电磁旋流装置相对于水口在水平方向上可进行伸缩移动；
步骤三：进行连铸时，将电磁旋流装置移动至水口周围；
步骤四：对电磁旋流装置通电，根据工艺要求调解电流和频率，使电磁旋流装置产生旋转电磁场；
步骤五：旋转电磁场作用水口内的钢液，使水口内的钢液产生旋转，最终获得均匀的水口出流。
所述的电磁旋流装置有以下三种：
第一种：两瓣式电磁旋流装置；
第二种：一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置；
第三种：单侧开口的电磁旋流装置。
所述的两瓣式电磁旋流装置，包括电磁旋流装置本体、开合控制机构及支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体内设置有绕阻；所述电磁旋流装置本体由左半壳体和右半壳体组成，左半壳体和右半壳体为两个对称的半圆环形结构，在左半壳体上设置有左半壳体的进水口、出水口和接线柱，在右半壳体上设置有右半壳体的进水口、出水口和接线柱，左半壳体和右半壳体的一端通过铰连接相连，另一端相对的侧壁上分别开有左半通槽和右半通槽；左半壳体与右半壳体闭合后，电磁旋流装置本体呈圆环形，左半通槽和右半通槽形成一通孔，即保护渣添加口；左半壳体和右半壳体的非铰连接处分别与开合控制机构相连接；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆，支撑杆的一端固定铰接在铰连接上，另一端与中间包横梁固定连接；所述支撑杆为可伸缩结构，在支撑杆与中间包横梁之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板固定连接。
在所述左半壳体和右半壳体上分别设置有耳板，开合控制机构通过耳板与左半壳体和右半壳体相连；所述电磁旋流装置本体内的绕阻采用齿槽型集中绕阻或环形绕组；所述开合控制机构由第一连杆、第二连杆及第三连杆组成，所述第一连杆、第二连杆和第三连杆的内端相铰接，第一连杆的外端与左半壳体的耳板相铰接，第三连杆的外端与右半壳体的耳板相铰接。
所述的一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置，包括一侧具有开口的电磁旋流装置本体、磁路补偿装置及支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体内设置有绕阻；所述磁路补偿装置由耐火材料包裹的铁芯制成，其设置在电磁旋流装置本体的开口处，与电磁旋流装置本体一起形成闭合磁路结构；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆，支撑杆的一端与电磁旋流装置本体固定连接，另一端与中间包横梁固定连接，所述支撑杆为可伸缩结构，支撑杆与中间包横梁之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板固定连接。
所述电磁旋流装置本体与磁路补偿装置通过铰连接连接在一起，磁路补偿装置与电磁旋流装置本体一起形成的闭合磁路结构的形状为圆形或马蹄形；所述磁路补偿装置的外侧采用风冷、水冷或油冷。
所述的单侧开口的电磁旋流装置，包括一侧具有开口的电磁旋流装置本体和支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体内设置有铁芯和绕组，铁芯为一侧具有开口的齿槽型，铁芯的开口与电磁旋流装置本体的开口相对应，绕组绕置在铁芯上；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆，支撑杆的一端与电磁旋流装置本体固定连接，另一端与中间包横梁固定连接，所述支撑杆为可伸缩结构，支撑杆与中间包横梁之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板固定连接。
所述铁芯具有三个突出的齿，其中外侧的两个齿对称的分布于浸入式水口两侧，铁芯的非开口侧为直线型或弧型；所述绕组绕置在铁芯的三个突出的齿上。
本发明的有益效果：
1、采用本发明的电磁旋流水口连铸方法及装置，能够保证连铸时，电磁旋流装置可快速移至水口周围的合适位置，以满足电磁旋流连铸要求，同时不会对现有连铸工艺造成影响，可以最大限度的保证电磁旋流连铸的顺畅运行；当停止连铸时或进行水口更换时，电磁旋流装置可快速从水口周围移开，能够实现电磁旋流装置不使用时的快速收回；当电磁旋流装置作用在水口区域时，水口内磁场频率最高可达800Hz，如此高频率可以用较小的电流就达到很强的旋流效果，因而可以减少能源投入。
2、本发明采用的两瓣式电磁旋流装置，能够最大限度的保证磁场回路的闭合，在浸入式水口内可产生较强磁场，可以使钢液在浸入式水口内产生较强旋转，可有效提好水口出流的均匀性和稳定性，进而提高结晶器内钢液流动及传热行为，提高连铸坯质量；保护渣添加口的设计，在保证磁场强度的前提下，不会对现场的保护渣添加的连铸工艺产生很大影响，可以最大限度的保证连铸的顺利进行。
3、本发明采用的一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置，其磁路补偿装置保证了磁场回路的闭合，在侵入式水口内可产生较强磁场，可以使钢液在浸入式水口内产生较强旋转，可有效提高水口出流的均匀性和稳定性，进而提高结晶器内钢液流动及传热行为，提高连铸坯质量。
4、本发明采用的单侧开口的电磁旋流装置，其绕线空间大，可以保证足够的电磁旋流强度，满足电磁旋流强度，可以使钢液在浸入式水口内产生较强旋转，可有效提好水口出流的均匀性和稳定性，进而提高结晶器内钢液流动及传热行为，提高连铸坯质量；由于单侧开口的电磁旋流装置在进行电磁旋流作业时位于浸入式水口一侧，使另一侧有足够的空间给现场工人进行观察结晶器液面、挑渣以及添加保护渣的操作。
图1为适用本发明的一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法的连铸装置示意图；
图2为本发明的两瓣式电磁旋流装置结构示意图；
图3为图2的侧视图；
图4(a)、图4(b)为本发明的一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置；
图5为图4(a)的侧视图；
图6为单侧开口的电磁旋流装置结构示意图；
图7为图6的侧视图；
图8(a)、图8(b)为单侧开口的电磁旋流装置的铁芯及绕组结构示意图；
图中，1—中间包，2—水口，3—电磁旋流装置，4—结晶器，5—电磁旋流装置主体，6
—铰连接，7—耳板，8—第一连杆，9—第二连杆，10—第三连杆，11—支撑杆，12—中间包横梁的固定钢板，13—中间包横梁，14—磁路补偿装置，15—铁芯，16—绕组，17—齿。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：进行连铸前，根据不同的连铸工艺，选定一种电磁旋流装置3；
步骤二：将选定的电磁旋流装置3安装到中间包1和结晶器4之间，且电磁旋流装置3相对于水口2在水平方向上可进行伸缩移动；
步骤三：进行连铸时，将电磁旋流装置3移动至水口2周围；
步骤四：对电磁旋流装置3通电，根据工艺要求调解电流和频率，使电磁旋流装置3产生旋转电磁场；
步骤五：旋转电磁场作用水口2内的钢液，使水口2内的钢液产生旋转，最终获得均匀的水口出流，适用的连铸装置如图1所示。
所述的电磁旋流装置3有以下三种：
第一种：两瓣式电磁旋流装置；
第二种：一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置；
第三种：单侧开口的电磁旋流装置。
如图2、3所示，所述的两瓣式电磁旋流装置，包括电磁旋流装置本体5、开合控制机构及支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体5内设置有绕阻；所述电磁旋流装置本体由左半壳体和右半壳体组成，左半壳体和右半壳体为两个对称的半圆环形结构，在左半壳体上设置有左半壳体的进水口、出水口和接线柱，在右半壳体上设置有右半壳体的进水口、出水口和接线柱，左半壳体和右半壳体的一端通过铰连接相连，另一端相对的侧壁上分别开有左半通槽和右半通槽；左半壳体与右半壳体闭合后，电磁旋流装置本体5呈圆环形，左半通槽和右半通槽形成一通孔，即保护渣添加口；左半壳体和右半壳体的非铰连接处分别与开合控制机构相连接；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆11，支撑杆11的一端固定铰接在铰连接6上，另一端与中间包横梁13固定连接；所述支撑杆11为可伸缩结构，在支撑杆11与中间包横梁13之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板12固定连接。
在所述左半壳体和右半壳体上分别设置有耳板7，开合控制机构通过耳板7与左半壳体和右半壳体相连；所述电磁旋流装置本体5内的绕阻采用齿槽型集中绕阻或环形绕组；所述开合控制机构由第一连杆8、第二连杆9及第三连杆10组成，所述第一连杆8、第二连杆9和第三连杆10的内端相铰接，第一连杆8的外端与左半壳体的耳板7相铰接，第三连杆10
的外端与右半壳体的耳板7相铰接。
如图4(a)、4(b)、5所示，所述的一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置，包括一侧具有开口的电磁旋流装置本体5、磁路补偿装置14及支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体5内设置有绕阻；所述磁路补偿装置14由耐火材料包裹的铁芯制成，其设置在电磁旋流装置本体5的开口处，与电磁旋流装置本体5一起形成闭合磁路结构；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆11，支撑杆11的一端与电磁旋流装置本体5固定连接，另一端与中间包横梁13固定连接，所述支撑杆11为可伸缩结构，支撑杆11与中间包横梁13之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板12固定连接。
所述电磁旋流装置本体5与磁路补偿装置14通过铰连接6连接在一起，磁路补偿装置14与电磁旋流装置本体5一起形成的闭合磁路结构的形状为圆形或马蹄形；所述磁路补偿装置14的外侧采用风冷、水冷或油冷。
如图6、7、8(a)、8(b)所示，所述的单侧开口的电磁旋流装置，包括一侧具有开口的电磁旋流装置本体5和支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体5内设置有铁芯15和绕组16，铁芯15为一侧具有开口的齿槽型，铁芯15的开口与电磁旋流装置本体5的开口相对应，绕组绕16置在铁芯15上；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆11，支撑杆11的一端与电磁旋流装置本体5固定连接，另一端与中间包横梁13固定连接，所述支撑杆11为可伸缩结构，支撑杆11与中间包横梁13之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板12固定连接。
所述铁芯15具有三个突出的齿17，其中外侧的两个齿17对称的分布于浸入式水口2两侧，铁芯15的非开口侧为直线型或弧型；所述绕组16绕置在铁芯15的三个突出的齿17上。
实施例1
采用两瓣式侵入式水口电磁旋流装置进行电磁旋流连铸，本实施例中用于对电磁旋流装置进行供电的电源柜，其能够提供0～800Hz、0～1000A的电流，可使磁场产生顺时针或逆时针旋转；如图2、3中，电磁旋流装置本体5的高度h为80～500mm，内径r为25～150mm，外径R为80～500mm，开合角α为10°～180°，电磁旋流装置本体5中心到耳板7最下端的距离X1为100～1000mm，支撑杆11可采用气动传动伸缩杆或机械传动伸缩杆，其伸缩长度范围X2为600～2000mm，开合控制机构的控制端长度X3为200～500mm，可采气动方式、机械方式或齿轮方式驱动。
使用时，首先拉动开合控制机构的第二连杆9，使左半壳体和右半壳体打开，然后调节支撑杆11的长度，将电磁旋流装置本体5设置在浸入式水口2中部区域的外侧，最后，推动开合控制机构的第二连杆9，使左半壳体和右半壳体闭合，电源柜对电磁旋流装置进行供电，形成闭合的磁场回路，从而实现电磁旋流连铸。
实施例2
采用一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置进行电磁旋流连铸，本实施例中用于对电磁旋流装置进行供电的电源柜，其能够提供0～800Hz、0～1000A的电流，可使磁场产生顺时针或逆时针旋转；如图4(a)、4(b)、5中，电磁旋流装置本体5的高度h为80～500mm，其开口处的宽度为30～200mm，支撑杆11可采用气动传动伸缩杆或机械传动伸缩杆，其伸缩长度范围为600～2000mm。
使用时，首先通过铰连接6打开磁路补偿装置14，调节支撑杆11的长度，电磁旋流装置本体5通过其一侧的开口设置在浸入式水口2的***，然后再将磁路补偿装置14闭合，电源柜对电磁旋流装置进行供电，从而使磁路补偿装置14与电磁旋流装置本体5之间形成闭合的磁场回路，并实现电磁旋流连铸。
实施例3
采用单侧开口的电磁旋流装置进行电磁旋流连铸，本实施例中用于对电磁旋流装置进行供电的电源柜，其能够提供0～800Hz、0～1000A的电流，可使磁场产生顺时针或逆时针旋转；如图6、7、8(a)、8(b)中，电磁旋流装置本体5的高度h为80～500mm，其开口处的宽度x为30～200mm，支撑杆11可采用气动传动伸缩杆或机械传动伸缩杆，其伸缩长度范围为600～2000mm。
使用时，通过调节支撑杆11的长度，使电磁旋流装置本体5通过其开口设置在浸入式水口2的***，此时电源柜对电磁旋流装置进行供电，电磁旋流装置产生旋转电磁场实现电磁旋流连铸。
实施例中的方案并非用以限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更，均包含于本案的专利范围中。
Claims (8)
- 一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：步骤一：进行连铸前，根据不同连铸工艺，选定一种电磁旋流装置；步骤二：将选定的电磁旋流装置安装到中间包和结晶器之间，且电磁旋流装置相对于水口在水平方向上可进行伸缩移动；步骤三：进行连铸时，将电磁旋流装置移动至水口周围；步骤四：对电磁旋流装置通电，根据工艺要求调解电流和频率，使电磁旋流装置产生旋转电磁场；步骤五：旋转电磁场作用水口内的钢液，使水口内的钢液产生旋转，最终获得均匀的水口出流。
- 权利要求1所述的一种电磁旋流水口连铸方法，其特征在于：所述的电磁旋流装置包括以下三种：第一种：两瓣式电磁旋流装置；第二种：一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置；第三种：单侧开口的电磁旋流装置。
- 一种电磁旋流装置，其特征在于：所述的两瓣式电磁旋流装置，包括电磁旋流装置本体、开合控制机构及支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体内设置有绕阻；所述电磁旋流装置本体由左半壳体和右半壳体组成，左半壳体和右半壳体为两个对称的半圆环形结构，在左半壳体上设置有左半壳体的进水口、出水口和接线柱，在右半壳体上设置有右半壳体的进水口、出水口和接线柱，左半壳体和右半壳体的一端通过铰连接相连，另一端相对的侧壁上分别开有左半通槽和右半通槽；左半壳体与右半壳体闭合后，电磁旋流装置本体呈圆环形，左半通槽和右半通槽形成一通孔，即保护渣添加口；左半壳体和右半壳体的非铰连接处分别与开合控制机构相连接；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆，支撑杆的一端固定铰接在铰连接上，另一端与中间包横梁固定连接；所述支撑杆为可伸缩结构，在支撑杆与中间包横梁之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板固定连接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的电磁旋流装置，其特征在于：在所述左半壳体和右半壳体上分别设置有耳板，开合控制机构通过耳板与左半壳体和右半壳体相连；所述电磁旋流装置本体内的绕阻采用齿槽型集中绕阻或环形绕组；所述开合控制机构由第一连杆、第二连杆及第三连杆组成，所述第一连杆、第二连杆和第三连杆的内端相铰接，第一连杆的外端与左半壳体的耳板相铰接，第三连杆的外端与右半壳体的耳板相铰接。
- 一种电磁旋流装置，其特征在于：所述的一侧开口、磁路闭合的电磁旋流装置，包括一侧具有开口的电磁旋流装置本体、磁路补偿装置及支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体内设置 有绕阻；所述磁路补偿装置由耐火材料包裹的铁芯制成，其设置在电磁旋流装置本体的开口处，与电磁旋流装置本体一起形成闭合磁路结构；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆，支撑杆的一端与电磁旋流装置本体固定连接，另一端与中间包横梁固定连接，所述支撑杆为可伸缩结构，支撑杆与中间包横梁之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板固定连接。
- 根据权利要求5所述的电磁旋流装置，其特征在于：所述电磁旋流装置本体与磁路补偿装置通过铰连接连接在一起，磁路补偿装置与电磁旋流装置本体一起形成的闭合磁路结构的形状为圆形或马蹄形；所述磁路补偿装置的外侧采用风冷、水冷或油冷。
- 一种电磁旋流装置，其特征在于：所述的单侧开口的电磁旋流装置，包括一侧具有开口的电磁旋流装置本体和支撑装置，在电磁旋流装置本体内设置有铁芯和绕组，铁芯为一侧具有开口的齿槽型，铁芯的开口与电磁旋流装置本体的开口相对应，绕组绕置在铁芯上；所述支撑装置包括支撑杆，支撑杆的一端与电磁旋流装置本体固定连接，另一端与中间包横梁固定连接，所述支撑杆为可伸缩结构，支撑杆与中间包横梁之间通过中间包横梁的固定钢板固定连接。
- 根据权利要求7所述的电磁旋流装置，其特征在于：所述铁芯具有三个突出的齿，其中外侧的两个齿对称的分布于浸入式水口两侧，铁芯的非开口侧为直线型或弧型；所述绕组绕置在铁芯的三个突出的齿上。
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