WO2015180069A1 - 一种超声成像方法和*** - Google Patents

一种超声成像方法和*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015180069A1
WO2015180069A1 PCT/CN2014/078645 CN2014078645W WO2015180069A1 WO 2015180069 A1 WO2015180069 A1 WO 2015180069A1 CN 2014078645 W CN2014078645 W CN 2014078645W WO 2015180069 A1 WO2015180069 A1 WO 2015180069A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
planar
ultrasonic
target
velocity component
obtaining
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2014/078645
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜宜纲
樊睿
李勇
Original Assignee
深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
Priority to CN201480048681.7A priority Critical patent/CN105530870B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/078645 priority patent/WO2015180069A1/zh
Priority to EP14893302.1A priority patent/EP3150127B1/en
Publication of WO2015180069A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015180069A1/zh
Priority to US15/362,553 priority patent/US11259784B2/en
Priority to US17/683,505 priority patent/US11826205B2/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5238Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image
    • A61B8/5246Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image combining images from the same or different imaging techniques, e.g. color Doppler and B-mode
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/89Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S15/8906Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
    • G01S15/8979Combined Doppler and pulse-echo imaging systems
    • G01S15/8984Measuring the velocity vector
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/13Tomography
    • A61B8/14Echo-tomography
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4483Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/46Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B8/461Displaying means of special interest
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5223Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52053Display arrangements
    • G01S7/52057Cathode ray tube displays
    • G01S7/52071Multicolour displays; using colour coding; Optimising colour or information content in displays, e.g. parametric imaging
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/52017Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
    • G01S7/52085Details related to the ultrasound signal acquisition, e.g. scan sequences

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical ultrasound imaging, and more particularly to an ultrasound imaging method and system capable of obtaining a velocity vector of a target.
  • a velocity vector of a moving target eg, moving tissue, blood or other fluid, etc.
  • One of the objects of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic imaging method and system capable of obtaining a high-accuracy, real-time speed vector and obtaining an image of good quality.
  • An ultrasonic imaging method comprising: transmitting a plurality of planar ultrasonic beams to a scanning target; respectively receiving echoes of the plurality of planar ultrasonic beams to obtain a plurality of sets of planar beam echo signals; transmitting to the scanning target a plurality of focused ultrasound beams; respectively receiving echoes of the plurality of focused ultrasound beams to obtain a plurality of sets of focused beam echo signals; obtaining velocity vectors of target points in the scanning target according to the plurality of sets of planar beam echo signals Obtaining an ultrasound image of at least a portion of the scan target based on the plurality of sets of focus beam echo signals; displaying the velocity vector and the ultrasound image.
  • At least a portion of the plurality of planar ultrasonic beams and at least a portion of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams are alternately emitted.
  • the obtaining the scanning target according to the planar beam echo signal includes: obtaining at least a first frame plane beam echo image data and a second frame plane beam echo image data according to the plane beam echo signal; Selecting a tracking area in the wave image data, the tracking area includes the target point; searching, in the second frame plane beam echo image data, a tracking result area having maximum similarity with the tracking area; according to the tracking A velocity vector of the target point is obtained by a location of the region and the tracking result region and a time interval between the first frame plane beam echo image data and the second frame plane beam echo image data.
  • the obtaining, according to the plane beam echo signal, a velocity vector of a target point in the scan target comprises: obtaining at least two frame plane beam echoes according to the plane beam echo signal Obtaining, according to the planar beam echo image data, a first gradient in a time direction at the target point; obtaining, according to the planar beam echo image data, an ultrasonic beam along the plane at the target point a second gradient of the propagation direction; obtaining, according to the planar beam echo image data, a third gradient in a direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of the planar ultrasonic beam at the target point; obtaining from the planar beam echo signal a fifth velocity component of the target point in a propagation direction of the planar ultrasonic beam; calculating the target according to the first gradient, the second gradient, the third gradient, and the fifth velocity component a sixth velocity component of the point in a direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of the planar ultrasonic beam; according to the fifth velocity component
  • the sixth The sixth
  • the obtaining, according to the plane beam echo signal, a velocity vector of a target point in the scan target comprises: obtaining at least two frame plane beam echoes according to the plane beam echo signal Image data; obtaining a first gradient in a time direction at the target point according to the planar beam echo image data; obtaining propagation along the planar beam at the target point according to the planar beam echo image data a second gradient of the direction; obtaining, according to the planar beam echo image data, a third gradient in a direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of the planar beam at the target point; according to the first gradient, the second a gradient and the third gradient calculate a fifth velocity component of the target point in a propagation direction of the planar ultrasonic beam and a sixth velocity component in a direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of the planar ultrasonic beam; The fifth velocity component and the sixth velocity component are combined to obtain a velocity vector of the target point.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an ultrasound imaging method, comprising: transmitting a first planar ultrasound beam to a scanning target, the first planar ultrasound beam having a first deflection angle; receiving the first plane Acquiring an ultrasonic beam, obtaining a first planar beam echo signal; transmitting a second planar ultrasonic beam to the scanning target, the second planar ultrasonic beam having a second deflection angle; receiving an echo of the second planar ultrasonic beam, Obtaining a second planar beam echo signal; transmitting a focused ultrasound beam to the scanning target; receiving an echo of the focused ultrasound beam to obtain a focused beam echo signal; obtaining the scanning target according to the first planar beam echo signal a first velocity component of the target point; obtaining a second velocity component at the target point based on the second planar beam echo signal; obtaining an ultrasound image of at least a portion of the scan target based on the focused beam echo signal Obtaining a velocity vector at the target point based on at least the first velocity component and the second velocity component ; Display
  • the method further includes: transmitting a third planar ultrasonic beam to the scanning target, the third planar ultrasonic beam having a third deflection angle; and receiving a third planar beam echo signal of the third planar ultrasonic beam Obtaining, according to the third planar beam echo signal, a third velocity component of the target point; wherein, obtaining the velocity vector of the target point according to at least the first velocity component and the second velocity component
  • the step includes: obtaining a velocity vector of the target point based on at least the first velocity component, the second velocity component, and the third velocity component.
  • the step of displaying the velocity vector and the ultrasound image comprises: overlaying the velocity vector on the ultrasound image.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an ultrasonic imaging method, comprising: transmitting a plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams to a scanning target, each of the first planar ultrasonic beams having a first deflection angle; Deriving an echo of the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams to obtain a plurality of sets of first planar beam echo signals; transmitting a plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams to the scanning target, each of the second planar ultrasonic beams having a second deflection angle;
  • the method further includes: transmitting a plurality of third planar ultrasonic beams into the scanning target, each of the third planar ultrasonic beams having a third deflection angle; receiving the plurality of third planar ultrasonic beams Acquiring, obtaining a plurality of sets of third planar beam echo signals; obtaining a third velocity component of the target point according to the plurality of sets of third planar beam echo signals; wherein, the at least according to the first velocity component and The step of obtaining the velocity vector of the target point by the second velocity component comprises: obtaining a velocity vector of the target point based on at least the first velocity component, the second velocity component, and the third velocity component.
  • At least a portion of the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams and at least a portion of the plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams are alternately emitted.
  • At least one of the plurality of focused ultrasound beams is emitted between an adjacent first planar ultrasound beam and a second planar ultrasound beam.
  • At least a portion of the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams, at least a portion of the plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams, and at least a portion of the plurality of third planar ultrasonic beams are alternately emitted.
  • At least one of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams is between an adjacent first planar ultrasonic beam and a second planar ultrasonic beam, or adjacent to the first planar ultrasonic beam and the third Emitted between planar ultrasonic beams or between adjacent second planar ultrasonic beams and third planar ultrasonic beams.
  • an ultrasound imaging system comprising: a probe; a transmitting circuit, the transmitting circuit exciting the probe to emit a plurality of planar ultrasonic beams to a scanning target, and exciting the probe Transmitting a plurality of focused ultrasonic beams to the scanning target; a receiving circuit and a beam combining module, the receiving circuit and the beam combining module respectively receiving echoes of the plurality of planar ultrasonic beams to obtain a plurality of sets of planar beam echo signals, and receiving the Deriving a plurality of focused ultrasound beams to obtain a plurality of sets of focused beam echo signals;
  • the data processing module obtains a velocity vector of a target point in the scan target according to the plurality of sets of planar beam echo signals, and obtains the according to the plurality of sets of focused beam echo signals Scanning an ultrasound image of at least a portion of the target; a display that displays the velocity vector and the ultrasound image.
  • At least a portion of the plurality of planar ultrasonic beams and at least a portion of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams are alternately emitted.
  • an ultrasound imaging system comprising: a probe; a transmitting circuit, the transmitting circuit exciting the probe to emit a first planar ultrasonic beam at a first deflection angle to a scanning target Transmitting a second planar ultrasonic beam and transmitting a focused ultrasonic beam at a second deflection angle; a receiving circuit and a beam combining module, the receiving circuit and the beam combining module receiving an echo of the first planar ultrasonic beam to obtain a first planar beam An echo signal, receiving an echo of the second planar ultrasonic beam to obtain a second planar beam echo signal and receiving an echo of the focused ultrasound beam to obtain a focused beam echo signal; a data processing module, the data processing The module obtains a first velocity component of the target point in the scan target according to the first planar beam echo signal, obtains a second velocity component of the target point according to the second planar beam echo signal, and at least according to The first velocity component and the second velocity component obtain a velocity vector of the target
  • the transmitting circuit further excites the probe to emit a third planar ultrasonic beam to the scanning target at a third deflection angle; the receiving circuit and the beam combining module further receive the third planar ultrasonic wave An echo of the beam to obtain a third planar beam echo signal; the data processing module further obtaining a third velocity component of the target point based on the third planar beam echo signal, and based at least on the first velocity component And the second velocity component and the third velocity component obtain a velocity vector of the target point.
  • the display overlays the velocity vector on the ultrasound image.
  • an ultrasound imaging system comprising: a probe; a transmitting circuit, wherein the transmitting circuit excites the probe to emit a plurality of first plane ultrasonic waves at a first deflection angle to a scanning target a beam, transmitting a plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams at a second deflection angle and transmitting a plurality of focused ultrasonic beams; a receiving circuit and a beam combining module, the receiving circuit and the beam combining module receiving the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams Wave obtaining a plurality of sets of first planar beam echo signals, receiving the plurality of second flats The echo of the surface ultrasonic beam obtains a plurality of sets of second planar beam echo signals and receives echoes of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams to obtain a plurality of sets of focused beam echo signals; a data processing module, wherein the data processing module Deriving a plurality of sets of first planar beam echo signals to obtain a first velocity
  • the transmitting circuit further excites the probe to emit a plurality of third planar ultrasonic beams to the scanning target at a third deflection angle;
  • the receiving circuit and the beam combining module further receive the plurality of An echo of the third planar ultrasonic beam to obtain a plurality of sets of third planar beam echo signals;
  • the data processing module further obtaining a third velocity component of the target point according to the plurality of sets of third planar beam echo signals, and A velocity vector of the target point is obtained based at least on the first velocity component, the second velocity component, and the third velocity component.
  • the display overlays the velocity vector on the ultrasound image.
  • At least a portion of the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams and at least a portion of the plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams are alternately emitted.
  • At least one of the plurality of focused ultrasound beams is emitted between an adjacent first planar ultrasound beam and a second planar ultrasound beam.
  • At least a portion of the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams, at least a portion of the plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams, and at least a portion of the plurality of third planar ultrasonic beams are alternately emitted.
  • At least one of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams is between an adjacent first planar ultrasonic beam and a second planar ultrasonic beam, or adjacent to the first planar ultrasonic beam and the third Emitted between planar ultrasonic beams or between adjacent second planar ultrasonic beams and third planar ultrasonic beams.
  • both the planar ultrasonic beam and the focused ultrasonic beam are used for imaging in the imaging process.
  • the advantage of high frame rate is obtained by plane ultrasonic beam imaging to meet the requirement of high frame rate when measuring fluid velocity with ultrasonic imaging; the focused ultrasound beam is used to obtain the ultrasound image of the scanning target, so as to make full use of the focused ultrasound beam imaging echo signal signal noise
  • the ratio is higher, the obtained ultrasonic image has better quality, and the horizontal resolution is higher, so that a good image can be obtained for the user to observe. In this way, it is possible to obtain a speed vector with high accuracy and real-time performance, and also to obtain an image with good quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ultrasound imaging system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vertically emitted planar ultrasonic beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a deflected-emitting planar ultrasonic beam in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a focused ultrasound beam in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 8 through 12 are schematic views of a plurality of planar ultrasonic beams and focused ultrasonic beam emission modes, in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic imaging system generally includes: a probe 1, a transmitting circuit 2, a transmitting/receiving selection switch 3, a receiving circuit 4, a beam combining module 5, a signal processing module 6, an image processing module 7, and a display 8.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 transmits a delayed-focused transmission pulse having a certain amplitude and polarity to the probe 1 through the transmission/reception selection switch 3.
  • the probe 1 is excited by a transmitting pulse to transmit an ultrasonic wave to a scanning target (for example, an organ, a tissue, a blood vessel, etc. in the human body or an animal body, not shown), and receives a reflection from the target area after a certain delay.
  • the ultrasound echo of the target information is scanned and the ultrasound echo is reconverted into an electrical signal.
  • the receiving circuit receives the electrical signals generated by the conversion of the probe 1 to obtain ultrasonic echo signals, and sends the ultrasonic echo signals to the beam combining module 5.
  • the beam synthesis module 5 performs processing such as focus delay, weighting, and channel summation on the ultrasonic echo signals, and then sends the ultrasonic echo signals to the signal processing module 6 for related signal processing.
  • the ultrasonic echo signals processed by the signal processing module 6 are sent to the image processing module 7.
  • the image processing module 7 performs different processing on the signals according to different requirements of the user, obtains image data of different modes, and then forms different modes of ultrasound through logarithmic compression, dynamic range adjustment, digital scan conversion, and the like. Images such as B images, C images, D images, etc.
  • the ultrasonic image generated by the image processing module 7 is sent to the display 8 for display.
  • Probe 1 typically includes an array of multiple array elements. Each time the ultrasound is transmitted, all of the elements of the probe 1 or some of the elements are involved in the transmission of the ultrasound. At this time, each of the array elements participating in the transmission of the ultrasonic waves are respectively excited by the transmitting pulse and respectively emit ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves respectively emitted by the array elements are synthesized during the propagation to form an ultrasonic beam that is emitted to the scanning target. .
  • the elements participating in the transmission of the ultrasonic waves may be simultaneously excited by the transmitted pulses; or, there may be a certain delay between the time at which the elements participating in the transmission of the ultrasonic waves are excited by the transmitted pulses.
  • the ultrasonic beams emitted by the respective array elements can be superimposed at predetermined positions, so that the intensity of the ultrasonic waves is maximized at the predetermined position, that is, each
  • the ultrasonic wave emitted by the array element is "focused" to the predetermined position, and the predetermined position of the focus is referred to as "focus", such that the obtained synthesized ultrasonic beam is a beam focused at the focus, herein referred to as "focused ultrasound" bundle".
  • this non-focus plane wave is called a "planar ultrasonic beam”.
  • the propagation direction of the formed planar ultrasonic beam can be made predetermined with the surface of the probe 1 from which the ultrasonic wave is emitted by controlling the time delay between the time when the array element participating in the emission of the ultrasonic wave is excited by the emission pulse.
  • Angle referred to herein as the "deflection angle" of a planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the plane wave that is vertically emitted as shown in Fig. 2 at this time, there is no delay between the respective array elements participating in the transmission of the ultrasonic wave (that is, there is no delay between the time when each array element is excited by the transmitting pulse), and each array element is emitted with a pulse.
  • the generated ultrasonic beam is a plane wave, that is, a plane ultrasonic beam, and the propagation direction of the plane ultrasonic beam is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the probe 1 from which the ultrasonic wave is emitted, that is, the deflection angle of the plane ultrasonic beam is 90 degrees.
  • Figure 3 shows the plane wave of the deflected emission.
  • the fixed time delay i.e., the predetermined time delay between the time when each array element is excited by the transmitted pulse
  • the generated ultrasonic beam is a plane wave, that is, a plane ultrasonic beam, and the propagation direction of the plane ultrasonic beam is at an angle to the surface of the probe 1 from which the ultrasonic wave is emitted (for example, the angle ⁇ in FIG. 3), which is the plane The angle of deflection of the ultrasonic beam.
  • the aforementioned “deflection angle” may be defined in other manners as long as it can indicate the direction of propagation of the plane ultrasonic beam with respect to the surface of the ultrasonic probe from which the ultrasonic wave is emitted.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the emission of a focused ultrasonic beam.
  • the array elements participating in the transmission of the ultrasonic waves (in FIG. 4, only a part of the array elements in the probe 1 participate in the transmission of the ultrasonic waves) have a predetermined transmission delay (ie, the time at which the array elements participating in the transmission of the ultrasonic waves are excited by the emission pulse)
  • a predetermined transmission delay ie, the time at which the array elements participating in the transmission of the ultrasonic waves are excited by the emission pulse
  • the planar ultrasonic beam usually covers almost the entire imaging area of the probe 1, so that when imaging with a plane ultrasonic beam, an ultrasound image can be obtained with one shot, so the imaging frame rate can be high.
  • the frame rate using planar ultrasonic beam imaging may be tens or even hundreds of times the frame rate using focused ultrasound beam imaging.
  • the energy of the planar ultrasonic beam is relatively dispersed, so the obtained signal of the echo signal has a low signal-to-noise ratio, the quality of the formed ultrasonic image is poor, and the planar ultrasonic beam has no focus, so the resolution of the imaging is also lower than that of the focused ultrasound beam imaging.
  • the frame rate is relatively low when using focused ultrasound beam imaging.
  • the ability of the focused ultrasonic beam to be emitted each time is concentrated, and the image is only concentrated at the concentration of the force, so that the obtained signal of the echo signal has a high signal-to-noise ratio, the obtained ultrasonic image quality is good, and the main lobe of the focused ultrasonic beam is narrow, side lobes. Lower, so the lateral resolution of the acquired ultrasound image is also higher.
  • a fluid eg, blood or other fluid in a living body, etc.
  • a scanning target eg, a blood vessel or other blood vessel in the living body having fluid flow therein, etc.
  • the method of ultrasonic imaging of the velocity vector of a point in the flow field uses both a planar ultrasonic beam and a focused ultrasound beam for imaging during imaging.
  • the beam is used to obtain the velocity vector, thereby taking advantage of the high frame rate of the planar ultrasonic beam imaging to meet the requirement of high frame rate when measuring fluid velocity with ultrasound imaging; using the focused ultrasound beam to obtain an ultrasound image of the scanned target (eg, obtaining a blood vessel) Ultrasound images of the wall or tissue surrounding the blood vessels or other vessels in the living body and tissues surrounding the vessel, etc., so as to make full use of the focused ultrasound beam imaging echo signal with high signal-to-noise ratio, good ultrasonic image quality, and lateral
  • the advantage of high resolution is to obtain good images for the user to observe. Detailed description will be made below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart of Fig. 5 are sequentially displayed as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in the order indicated by the arrows. Except as explicitly stated herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited, and may be performed in other sequences. Moreover, at least some of the steps in FIG. 5 may include a plurality of sub-steps or stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be executed at different times, and the order of execution thereof is not necessarily This may be performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of the other steps.
  • an ultrasonic imaging method includes the following steps.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 excites the probe 1 to emit a plurality of planar ultrasonic beams to a scanning target (e.g., a blood vessel or other vessel in which a fluid flows in the living body, etc.).
  • a scanning target e.g., a blood vessel or other vessel in which a fluid flows in the living body, etc.
  • planar ultrasonic beams may be unfocused planar waves as previously described.
  • the planar ultrasound beams may have the same deflection angle.
  • Each planar ultrasonic beam is emitted into the scanning target, and the fluid and tissue within the scanning target scatter and/or reflect the planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the probe 1 receives an echo formed by scattering and/or reflection of the planar ultrasonic beam by the scanning target (referred to herein as an echo of the planar ultrasonic beam), and converts the echo into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal passes through the receiving circuit 4,
  • the processing of the module such as the beam synthesizing module 5, that is, the echo signal obtained after the transmission of the plane ultrasonic beam is obtained, which is referred to herein as a plane beam echo signal.
  • Each of the transmitted planar ultrasonic beams can obtain a set of planar beam echo signals. Therefore, by transmitting a plurality of planar ultrasonic beams, multiple sets of planar beam echo signals can be obtained correspondingly.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 excites the probe 1 to emit a plurality of focused ultrasonic beams to the scanning target.
  • Each focused ultrasound beam enters the scanning target and is focused at a predetermined location (ie, focus) within the scanning target.
  • the focused ultrasound beam is scattered and/or reflected by the fluid and tissue within the scanning target.
  • the probe 1 receives an echo formed by the scattering target and/or reflection of the focused ultrasonic beam (referred to herein as an echo of the focused ultrasonic beam), and converts the echo into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal passes through the receiving circuit 4,
  • the processing of the module such as the beam synthesizing module 5, that is, the echo signal obtained after the focused laser beam is transmitted, is referred to herein as a focused beam echo signal.
  • the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams are emitted, image data of one or several scanning lines of the scanning target are obtained each time, and at least a part of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams that are emitted multiple times can be focused on different focal points, such that Image data of one or several scan lines at different positions of the scan target can be obtained. Then, combining the image data of the one or several scan lines obtained in the multiple shots, one frame of the complete image of the scan target or at least a part of the complete image of one frame can be obtained.
  • a velocity vector of a target point within the scan target (eg, a point or location of interest within the scan target) may be obtained from the obtained plurality of sets of planar beam echo signals.
  • a plurality of methods may be used to obtain a velocity vector of a target point from the obtained plurality of sets of planar beam echo signals.
  • a velocity-like vector of the target point can be obtained from the obtained sets of planar beam echo signals using a method similar to speckle tracking.
  • the step of obtaining the velocity vector of the target point may include the following steps.
  • At least two frame plane beam echo image data may be obtained by using the foregoing plurality of sets of plane beam echo signals, for example, obtaining at least first frame plane beam echo image data and second frame plane beam echo image data.
  • the planar ultrasonic beam propagates substantially throughout the imaging region. Therefore, generally, a set of planar beam echo signals obtained by a single transmitted planar ultrasonic beam (ie, a planar ultrasonic beam) can be processed. Obtain a frame of plane beam echo image data.
  • the plane ultrasound will be The ultrasonic image data of the scanning target obtained by corresponding processing of the plane beam echo signals obtained by the beam is referred to as "planar beam echo image data".
  • a tracking area is selected in the first frame plane beam echo image data, and the tracking area may include a target point for which a velocity vector is desired.
  • a tracking area can select a neighborhood of a target point or a block of data that contains a target point.
  • an area corresponding to the tracking area is searched for in the second frame plane beam echo image data, for example, an area having the greatest similarity with the aforementioned tracking area is searched as the tracking result area.
  • the measure of similarity can use the metrics commonly used in the art.
  • P obtains the velocity vector of the target point .
  • the magnitude of the velocity vector can be obtained by dividing the distance between the tracking region and the tracking result region by the time interval between the first frame plane beam echo image data and the second frame plane beam echo image data, and the velocity vector The direction can be the direction of the line from the tracking area to the tracking result area.
  • the velocity vector of the target point can be obtained based on the temporal gradient and the spatial gradient at the target point.
  • the Z direction is the propagation direction of the plane ultrasonic beam
  • the foregoing gradients in the X direction, the z direction, and the time direction at the target point may be first calculated according to the obtained planar beam echo image data. Then, the velocity component V ⁇ PV Z is calculated according to equation (2).
  • Embodiments of the present invention may be obtained using a variety of suitable methods velocity component V ⁇ PV z, to name a few examples below.
  • the Doppler processing is performed on the ultrasonic echo signal in the ultrasound imaging, and the moving speed of the scanning target or the moving portion therein can be obtained.
  • the motion velocity of the scanning target or the moving portion therein can be obtained from the ultrasonic echo signal by the autocorrelation estimation method or the cross-correlation estimation method.
  • Doppler processing of the ultrasonic echo signals Any method that can be used or may be used in the future to calculate the velocity of the motion of the scanning target or the moving portion thereof by the ultrasonic echo signal will not be described in detail herein.
  • the moving speed of the scanning target or the moving portion therein by the Doppler processing is the speed in the propagation direction of the ultrasonic beam. Since the moving direction of the scanning target or the moving portion therein does not necessarily coincide with the propagation direction of the ultrasonic beam, the movement of the scanning target or the moving portion thereof by the ultrasonic beam emitted (or propagated) in one direction is obtained.
  • the velocity is actually the component of the actual moving speed of the moving target or the moving portion therein (the actual moving speed is a vector containing the size and direction information) in the propagation direction of the ultrasonic beam.
  • the aforementioned velocity component in the z direction (i.e., the propagation direction of the planar ultrasonic beam) can be obtained by performing Doppler processing on the obtained planar beam echo signal. After obtaining v z , x can be easily calculated according to formula ( 2 ).
  • the step of obtaining a velocity vector of a target point within the scan target according to the planar beam echo signal may include:
  • a third gradient (for example, the aforementioned gradient in the X direction) in a direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of the ultrasonic beam at the target point;
  • a fifth velocity component for example, the aforementioned v z ) of the target point in a propagation direction of the plane beam
  • a sixth velocity component for example, the aforementioned v x
  • the fifth velocity component and the sixth velocity component are combined to obtain a velocity vector of the target point.
  • the equation (2) is an equation with two unknowns
  • the two-multiplication method is used to solve the two unknowns, and then the velocity vectors of the target points can be synthesized according to the two unknowns.
  • the principle of the method of this embodiment is as follows.
  • the variance of the random error ⁇ can be expressed as
  • V D B + ( 6 )
  • V D is a set of velocity values measured by Doppler ultrasound at different times.
  • the v z in equation (6) is the average obtained by the Puller ultrasonic method, so that the variance of £ can be obtained:
  • the order corresponds to the number of rows of matrices A and B, respectively.
  • the step of obtaining the velocity vector of the target point in the scan target according to the planar beam echo signal may include:
  • a second gradient eg, the aforementioned gradient along the z direction
  • a third gradient for example, the aforementioned gradient along the X direction
  • a fifth velocity component for example, the aforementioned v z
  • a sixth velocity component in the direction eg, the aforementioned v x
  • a velocity vector of the target point is obtained by combining the fifth velocity component and the sixth velocity component.
  • an ultrasound image of at least a portion of the scan target may be obtained according to the plurality of sets of focus beam echo signals, that is, focus beam back
  • the wave signal is processed accordingly to obtain an image of at least a portion of the scan target.
  • each focused ultrasound beam is typically focused on the focus, so image data for one or more scan lines of the scan target can typically be obtained from each focused beam echo signal.
  • the image of at least a portion of the scan target obtained from the focused beam echo signal (or the image data of the one or more scan lines) may be a B image (or B image data), or may be any other suitable mode of ultrasound.
  • Image (or ultrasound image data) may be any other suitable mode of ultrasound.
  • Each group of the plurality of sets of focused beam echo signals is separately processed, and each group can respectively obtain image data of one or more scan lines of the scan target, and image data of the one or more scan lines can be combined to obtain a scan.
  • a method of obtaining an ultrasound image (or ultrasound image data) of at least a portion of a scan target based on the obtained focused beam echo signal may use any suitable method currently and in the art commonly used in the art,
  • the velocity vector and the ultrasound image may be displayed.
  • the velocity vector and the ultrasound image can be displayed simultaneously on the display 8.
  • the velocity vector can be overlaid on the ultrasound image.
  • the aforementioned step 84 and/or step 86 may be performed by the data processing module 9 of the ultrasound imaging system.
  • the data processing module 9 may comprise a signal processing module 6 and/or an image processing module 7, and the aforementioned step 84 and/or step 86 may be performed by the signal processing module 6 and/or the image processing module 7. .
  • plane ultrasonic beams in the same direction i.e., the transmitted planar ultrasonic beams have the same deflection angle
  • the target in the scanning target is obtained by processing the planar beam echo signals in the same direction. Point speed vector.
  • a plurality of planar ultrasonic beams of different directions may also be used to obtain a velocity vector of the target point within the scanning target.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that although the various steps in the flowchart of Fig. 6 are sequentially displayed as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in the order indicated by the arrows. Except as expressly set forth herein, there is no strict ordering of the execution of these steps, which can be performed in other sequences. Moreover, at least some of the steps in FIG.
  • 6 may include a plurality of sub-steps or stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be executed at different times, and the order of execution thereof is not necessarily This may be performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of the other steps.
  • an ultrasonic imaging method includes the following steps.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 excites the probe 1 to emit a first planar ultrasonic beam to a scanning target (e.g., a blood vessel or other vessel in which the fluid flows in the living body, etc.).
  • the first planar ultrasound beam may be a focusless planar wave as hereinbefore described and may have a first deflection angle.
  • the first planar ultrasonic beam is emitted into the scanning target, and the fluid and tissue within the scanning target scatter and/or reflect the first planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the probe 1 receives an echo formed by the scattering and/or reflection of the first planar ultrasonic beam by the scanning target (referred to herein as an echo of the first planar ultrasonic beam), and converts the echo into an electrical signal, and the electrical signals pass through
  • the transmitting circuit 2 excites the probe 1 to emit a second planar ultrasonic beam to the scanning target.
  • the second planar ultrasonic beam may be a non-focal plane wave as described above, and it may have a second deflection angle.
  • the second deflection angle may be different from the aforementioned first deflection angle. That is to say, the propagation direction of the second planar ultrasonic beam is actually different from the propagation direction of the first planar ultrasonic beam. of.
  • the second planar ultrasonic beam is emitted into the scanning target, and the fluid and tissue within the scanning target scatter and/or reflect the second planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the probe 1 receives an echo formed by scattering and/or reflection of the second planar ultrasonic beam by the scanning target (referred to herein as an echo of the second planar ultrasonic beam), and converts the echo into an electrical signal, and the electrical signals pass through
  • the processing of the receiving circuit 4, the beam combining module 5 and the like that is, obtaining an echo signal corresponding to the second planar ultrasonic beam, which is referred to herein as a second planar beam echo signal.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 excites the probe 1 to emit a focused ultrasonic beam to the scanning target.
  • the focused ultrasound beam enters the scanning target and is focused at a predetermined location (i.e., focus) within the scanning target.
  • the focused ultrasound beam is scattered and/or reflected by the fluid and tissue within the scanning target.
  • the probe 1 receives the scanning wave), and converts the echoes into electrical signals.
  • the electrical signals are processed by the receiving circuit 4, the beam combining module 5, and the like, thereby obtaining an echo signal corresponding to the emitted focused ultrasonic beam. It is called a focused beam echo signal.
  • the first target beam echo signal may be obtained according to the first target beam echo signal (for example, the point or position of the velocity vector at which the position is desired to be obtained) A velocity component, i.e., a first velocity component that obtains the velocity of motion of the fluid or tissue at the target point.
  • a velocity component i.e., a first velocity component that obtains the velocity of motion of the fluid or tissue at the target point.
  • Doppler processing of the ultrasonic echo signal can obtain a velocity component in the propagation direction of the ultrasonic beam. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, in step 16, the Doppler processing of the first planar beam echo signal may be performed to obtain the propagation of the fluid or tissue at the target point in the first plane by the Doppler processing of the first planar beam echo signal.
  • the velocity component of the motion in the direction is referred to herein as the first velocity component of the target point.
  • the first velocity component is also a vector, and its size can be obtained according to the aforementioned Doppler processing, and the direction is the propagation direction of the first planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the direction of propagation of the first planar ultrasonic beam can be derived from the deflection angle of the first planar ultrasonic beam (i.e., the aforementioned first deflection angle), and this first deflection angle of the first planar ultrasonic beam is known.
  • the Doppler processing of the second planar beam echo signal may be performed to obtain the fluid or tissue at the target point of the scanning target in the second plane ultrasonic beam.
  • the velocity component of motion in the direction of propagation, this velocity component is referred to herein as the second velocity component of the target point.
  • the second velocity component is also a vector whose size can be obtained according to the aforementioned Doppler processing, and the direction is the propagation direction of the second planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the propagation direction of the second planar ultrasonic beam can be obtained from the deflection angle of the second planar ultrasonic beam (i.e., the aforementioned second deflection angle), and this second deflection angle of the second planar ultrasonic beam is known.
  • an ultrasound image of at least a portion of the scan target may be obtained according to the focused beam echo signal, that is, the focused beam echo signal is processed correspondingly to obtain at least a part of the scan target.
  • Image As described above, each focused ultrasound beam is typically focused on the focus, so image data for one or more scan lines of the scan target can typically be obtained from each focused beam echo signal.
  • the image of at least a portion of the scan target obtained from the focused beam echo signal (or the image data of the one or more scan lines) may be a B image (or B image data), or may be any other suitable mode of ultrasound.
  • Image (or ultrasound image data) may use any suitable method currently used in the art and currently in the future, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the first velocity component and the second velocity component of the target point have been obtained in step 16.
  • the principle of vector synthesis may be utilized to synthesize at least the tissue or fluid at the target point based on the first velocity component and the second velocity component.
  • the velocity vector referred to herein as the velocity vector of the target point.
  • the two velocity components of the target point are obtained by two plane ultrasonic beams propagating in two directions, and then the velocity vectors of the target point are synthesized using at least the two velocity components. Therefore, in the foregoing embodiment, the aforementioned "target point" may be located at a position where the first plane ultrasonic beam and the second plane ultrasonic beam overlap. Each time a focused ultrasound beam is emitted to image a scanning target, a portion of the scanning target is imaged, each time the portion of the scanning target imaged by the focused ultrasound beam is emitted The target position may be included or at least partially overlapped with the aforementioned target position, or may be the same as the target position of the planar ultrasonic beam imaging.
  • the velocity vector and the ultrasound image can be displayed.
  • the velocity vector and the ultrasound image can be simultaneously displayed on the display 8.
  • the velocity vector overlay may be displayed on the ultrasound image.
  • the aforementioned step 16, step 18 and/or step 20 may be performed by the data processing module 9 of the ultrasound imaging system.
  • the data processing module 9 may comprise a signal processing module 6 and/or an image processing module 7, and the aforementioned step 16, step 18 and/or step 20 may be processed by the signal processing module 6 and/or image. Module 7 is executed.
  • the first planar ultrasonic beam and the second planar ultrasonic beam are emitted to obtain a first velocity component and a second velocity component of the target point within the scanning target, and then according to at least the first velocity component and the first The two velocity component synthesis obtains a velocity vector at the target point.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 can also excite the probe 1 to emit a third planar ultrasonic beam to the scanning target.
  • the third planar ultrasonic beam may be a non-focal plane wave as described above, and it may have a third deflection angle.
  • the third deflection angle may be different from the aforementioned first deflection angle and second deflection angle. That is to say, the propagation direction of the third planar ultrasonic beam is actually different from the propagation direction of the first planar ultrasonic beam and the second planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the third planar ultrasonic beam is emitted into the scanning target, and the fluid and tissue within the scanning target scatter and/or reflect the third planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the probe 1 receives an echo formed by scattering and/or reflection of the third planar ultrasonic beam by the scanning target (referred to herein as an echo of the third planar ultrasonic beam), and converts the echo into an electrical signal, and the electrical signals pass through
  • the processing of the receiving circuit 4, the beam combining module 5 and the like that is, obtaining the echo signal corresponding to the third plane ultrasonic beam, which is referred to herein as the third plane beam echo signal.
  • the fluid or tissue at the target point of the scanning target can also be obtained by performing Doppler processing on the third planar beam echo signal.
  • the velocity component of the motion in the direction of propagation of the third planar ultrasonic beam is referred to herein as the third velocity component of the target point. Therefore, at this time, the third velocity component at the target point can be obtained by the third planar beam echo signal.
  • the third velocity component is also a vector whose size can be obtained according to the aforementioned Doppler processing, and the direction thereof is the propagation direction of the third planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the propagation direction of the third planar ultrasonic beam can be obtained from the deflection angle of the third planar ultrasonic beam (i.e., the aforementioned third deflection angle), and this third deflection angle of the third planar ultrasonic beam is known.
  • the velocity vector of the target point can be obtained at least according to the aforementioned first velocity component, second velocity component, and third velocity component synthesis.
  • the aforementioned "target point” may be located at a position where the first plane ultrasonic beam, the second plane ultrasonic beam, and the third plane ultrasonic beam overlap (or intersect).
  • the portion imaged each time the focused ultrasound beam is emitted may include the aforementioned target position or at least partially overlap with the aforementioned target position, or may be separated from the aforementioned target position.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the portion of the image that is imaged by each shot of the focused ultrasound beam to be the same as the target position of the plane ultrasound beam imaging.
  • the velocity components of the three directions of the target point are obtained by the plane ultrasonic beams in three directions, and then the velocity vectors of the target points are synthesized using the three velocity components.
  • the obtained velocity vector has higher precision and better stability. It is easy to understand that in the embodiment of the present invention, plane ultrasonic beams of more directions can be transmitted to target positions in the scanning target to obtain velocity components of more directions, and velocity vectors of the target points are synthesized by using velocity components of these more directions. .
  • the more the plane ultrasonic beam is used the higher the speed vector accuracy obtained by the final synthesis and the better the stability.
  • the foregoing step of obtaining a third velocity component according to the third planar beam echo signal and/or synthesizing the velocity at the target point according to the first velocity component, the second velocity component, and the third velocity component can also be performed by the data processing module 9 of the ultrasound imaging system.
  • the obtained velocity vector and the ultrasonic image of at least a part of the scanning target obtained by focusing the ultrasonic beam can be displayed on the display 8.
  • the velocity vector can be superimposedly displayed on the ultrasound image.
  • the foregoing first planar ultrasonic beam, second planar ultrasonic beam and/or third planar ultrasonic beam may be transmitted multiple times, and the echo signal obtained by each transmission is referred to as a set of echo signals.
  • the two-plane beam echo signal and/or the plurality of sets of third planar beam echo signals are respectively Doppler processed to obtain a first velocity component, a second velocity component, and/or a third velocity component of the target point, respectively.
  • the aforementioned focused ultrasonic beam may also be transmitted multiple times, each time obtaining a set of focused beam echo signals and processing image data of one or several scan lines of the scanning target, and these focusing At least a portion of the ultrasound beam can be focused on different focal points such that image data for one or several scan lines at different locations of the scan target can be obtained. Then, combining the image data of the one or several scan lines obtained in the multiple shots, one frame of the complete image of the scan target or at least a part of the complete image of one frame can be obtained.
  • FIG. 7 a schematic flowchart of an ultrasonic imaging method can be shown in FIG. It should be understood that although the various steps in the flowchart of Fig. 7 are sequentially displayed as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in the order indicated by the arrows. Except as explicitly stated herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited, and may be performed in other sequences. Moreover, at least some of the steps in FIG.
  • 7 may include a plurality of sub-steps or stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be executed at different times, and the order of execution thereof is not necessarily This may be performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of the other steps.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 excites the probe 1 to emit a plurality of first plane ultrasonic waves to a scanning target (for example, a blood vessel or other blood vessel in the living body having fluid flow therein, etc.). bundle.
  • the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams may be unfocused planar waves as previously described, and each of the first planar ultrasonic beams may have a first deflection angle.
  • Each of the first planar ultrasonic beams is emitted into the scanning target, and the fluid and tissue within the scanning target scatter and/or reflect the first planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the head 1 receives echoes of the first target ultrasonic beam scattering and/or reflection by the scanning target, and converts the echoes into electrical signals, which are processed by the receiving circuit 4, the beam combining module 5, etc.
  • a first planar beam echo signal is obtained.
  • a plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams are transmitted, and each of the first planar ultrasonic beams obtains a set of first planar beam echo signals, and thus, a plurality of sets of first planar beam echo signals can be obtained.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 excites the probe 1 to emit a plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams into the scanning target.
  • the second planar ultrasonic beam may be a non-focal plane wave as described above, and each of the second planar ultrasonic beams may have a second deflection angle.
  • the second deflection angle may be different from the first deflection angle described above. That is, the propagation direction of each of the second planar ultrasonic beams is actually different from the propagation direction of each of the first planar ultrasonic beams.
  • the second planar ultrasonic beam is emitted into the scanning target, and the fluid and tissue within the scanning target scatter and/or reflect the second planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the probe 1 receives echoes formed by scattering and/or reflection of the second planar ultrasonic beam by the scanning target, and converts the echoes into electrical signals, which are processed by the receiving circuit 4, the beam combining module 5, etc.
  • a second planar beam echo signal is obtained.
  • a plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams are transmitted, and each of the second planar ultrasonic beams obtains a set of second planar beam echo signals, and thus, a plurality of sets of second planar beam echo signals can be obtained.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 excites the probe 1 to emit a plurality of focused ultrasonic beams to the target position within the scanning target.
  • Each of the focused ultrasound beams enters within the scanning target and is focused at a predetermined location (i.e., focus) within the scanning target.
  • the focused ultrasound beam is scattered and/or reflected by the fluid and tissue within the scanning target.
  • the probe 1 receives echoes formed by scattering and/or reflection of the focused ultrasonic beam by the scanning target, and converts the echoes into electrical signals, which are processed by the receiving circuit 4, the beam combining module 5, etc., to obtain focus. Beam echo signal.
  • a plurality of focused ultrasound beams are transmitted, and each focused ultrasound beam obtains a set of focused beam echo signals.
  • a first velocity component of the target point may be obtained from the plurality of sets of first planar beam echo signals.
  • the Doppler processing of the plurality of sets of first planar beam echo signals may be performed to obtain the first target point.
  • Speed component The first velocity component is a vector whose size can be obtained according to the aforementioned Doppler processing, and the direction is the propagation direction of the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams.
  • Doppler processing may be performed by using the plurality of sets of second planar beam echo signals to obtain a target point in a propagation direction of the plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams.
  • the second velocity component is also a vector whose size can be obtained according to the aforementioned Doppler processing, and the direction is the propagation direction of the second planar ultrasonic beam.
  • an ultrasound image of at least a portion of the scan target may be obtained according to the plurality of sets of focus beam echo signals, that is, the focus beam echo signals are processed correspondingly to obtain Scan an image of at least a portion of the target.
  • each focused ultrasound beam is typically focused on the focus, so image data for one or more scan lines of the scan target can typically be obtained from each focused beam echo signal.
  • the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams are emitted, image data of one or several scanning lines of the scanning target are obtained each time, and at least a part of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams that are emitted multiple times can be focused on different focal points, such that Image data of one or several scan lines at different positions of the scan target can be obtained.
  • the image data of the one or more scan lines obtained in the multiple shots are then combined to obtain a complete image of the scanned object or at least a portion of a complete image of the frame.
  • the ultrasound image of at least a portion of the scan target obtained from the focused beam echo signal may be a B image, or may be an ultrasound image of any other suitable mode.
  • the method of obtaining an ultrasound image of at least a portion of a scanned object based on the obtained sets of focused beam echo signals may use any suitable method currently used in the art and currently in the future, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the first velocity component and the second velocity component of the target point have been obtained in step 66.
  • the velocity vector of the target point can be obtained based on at least the first velocity component and the second velocity component using the principle of vector synthesis.
  • the velocity vector and the ultrasound image may be displayed.
  • the velocity vector and the ultrasound image can be displayed simultaneously on the display 8.
  • the velocity vector may be overlaid on the ultrasound image.
  • the aforementioned step 66, step 68 and/or step 70 may be performed by the data processing module 9 of the ultrasound imaging system.
  • the transmitting circuit 2 can also excite the probe 1 to emit a plurality of third planar ultrasonic beams to the target position within the scanning target.
  • Each of the third planar ultrasonic beams may be a non-focal plane wave as described above, and it may have a third deflection angle.
  • the third deflection angle may be different from the aforementioned first deflection angle and second deflection angle. That is to say, the propagation direction of each of the third planar ultrasonic beams is substantially different from the propagation direction of each of the first planar ultrasonic beams and each of the second planar ultrasonic beams.
  • Each of the third planar ultrasonic beams is emitted into the scanning target, and the fluid and tissue within the scanning target scatter and/or reflect the third planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the probe 1 receives echoes formed by scattering and/or reflection of the third plane ultrasonic beam by the scanning target, and converts the echoes into electrical signals, and the electrical signals are processed by a module such as the receiving circuit 4 and the beam combining module 5, that is, A third planar beam echo signal is obtained.
  • a plurality of third planar ultrasonic beams are transmitted, and each of the third planar ultrasonic beams obtains a set of third planar beam echo signals, and thus, a plurality of sets of third planar beam echo signals can be obtained.
  • the Doppler processing of the plurality of sets of the third plane beam echo signals may be performed to obtain the target point in the third plane ultrasonic beam.
  • the third velocity component is also a vector whose size can be obtained according to the aforementioned Doppler processing, and the direction thereof is the propagation direction of the third planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the velocity vector at the target point can be obtained at least according to the aforementioned first velocity component, second velocity component, and third velocity component synthesis.
  • the foregoing step of obtaining a third velocity component according to the plurality of sets of third planar beam echo signals and/or synthesizing the target points according to the first velocity component, the second velocity component, and the third velocity component can also be performed by the data processing module 9 of the ultrasound imaging system.
  • At least a portion of the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams and at least a portion of the plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams may be alternately emitted.
  • at least one of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams is emitted between adjacent first planar ultrasonic beams and second planar ultrasonic beams.
  • At least a portion of the plurality of first planar ultrasonic beams, at least a portion of the plurality of second planar ultrasonic beams, and the plurality of third planes At least a portion of the ultrasonic beam may be emitted alternately.
  • At least one of the plurality of focused ultrasonic beams is emitted between adjacent first planar ultrasonic beams and second planar ultrasonic beams, or in phase An emission between the adjacent first planar ultrasonic beam and the third planar ultrasonic beam or between the adjacent second planar ultrasonic beam and the third planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the modes of emission of the planar ultrasonic beam and the focused ultrasonic beam of some embodiments of the present invention are schematically depicted in Figures 8-12.
  • thin line arrows indicate plane ultrasonic beams
  • thick arrows indicate focused ultrasonic beams
  • the order of arrows indicates the order between the respective transmitting beams and the processes of receiving their respective echoes.
  • the thin line arrow to the left in the figure indicates the first plane ultrasonic beam
  • the vertical thin line arrow indicates the second plane ultrasonic beam
  • the thin line arrow to the right indicates the third plane ultrasonic beam.
  • each thin line arrow in the figure indicates which plane ultrasonic beam can also be defined in different ways.
  • a thin line arrow to the left may indicate a first plane ultrasonic beam
  • a thin line arrow to the right indicates a second plane ultrasonic beam
  • a vertical thin line arrow indicates a third plane ultrasonic beam
  • planar ultrasonic beams and focused ultrasonic beams schematically represented in Figures 8-12 is merely illustrative, and the number of planar ultrasonic beams and focused ultrasonic beams that are not limited to actual emission can only be as shown in Figures 8-12. quantity. In practice, the number of planar ultrasonic beams and focused ultrasonic beams can be any suitable amount.
  • the sixth first planar ultrasonic beam is emitted and its echo is received ⁇ the above process can be repeated.
  • the first planar ultrasonic beam, the second planar ultrasonic beam, and the third planar ultrasonic beam are generally regarded as a set of planar ultrasonic beams, and each set of planar ultrasonic beams is repeatedly transmitted and received. Its echo, in which in some groups, a planar ultrasonic beam in the group is replaced by a focused ultrasound beam.
  • the first three plane ultrasonic beams are the first group of plane ultrasonic beams
  • the second group, the third group, the fourth group, the fifth group, and the sixth group are sequentially numbered from left to right. The seventh group, etc., and so on.
  • first planar ultrasonic beam in the second group is replaced by the first focused ultrasonic beam
  • second planar ultrasonic beam in the fourth group is replaced by the second focused ultrasonic beam
  • third planar ultrasonic beam in the sixth group Replaced by the third focused ultrasound beam, and so on.
  • the replaced planar ultrasonic beam in some groups will have no planar beam echo signal.
  • the planar beam echo signal of the replaced planar ultrasonic beam may be corresponding to the previous group or the previous groups.
  • the plane beam echo signal of the plane ultrasonic beam is interpolated with the plane beam echo signal of the corresponding group or subsequent groups of corresponding plane ultrasound beams.
  • the first planar ultrasonic beam in the second set of planar ultrasonic beams is replaced by the focused ultrasonic beam, and therefore, in calculating the first velocity component, the first planar ultrasonic beam in the second set
  • the first planar beam echo signal may be obtained by interpolating the first planar beam echo signal of the first planar ultrasound beam in the first group and the first planar beam echo signal of the first planar ultrasound beam in the third set.
  • the planar ultrasonic beam and the focused ultrasonic beam may also be emitted in other manners, as shown in Figs. 9 to 12, for example.
  • the emission process shown in Figs. 9 to 12 and its meaning can be obtained by referring to the description of the transmission process of Fig. 8 above, which will not be explained one by one.
  • both the planar ultrasonic beam and the focused ultrasonic beam are used for imaging in the imaging process.
  • Using a plane ultrasonic beam to obtain a velocity vector thereby taking advantage of the high frame rate of planar ultrasound beam imaging to meet the requirements of high frame rate when measuring fluid velocity with ultrasound imaging; using a focused ultrasound beam to obtain an ultrasound image of the scanned target, thereby Make full use of the advantages of high-focus ultrasound signal imaging echo signal high signal-to-noise ratio, good ultrasonic image quality and high horizontal resolution, so as to obtain good images for users to observe.
  • the planar ultrasonic beam and the focused ultrasonic beam are alternately transmitted over time, i.e., the emission of the focused ultrasonic beam is interspersed between the emission of the planar ultrasonic beam.
  • the continuity of the velocity vector is maintained, and the synchronization of the velocity vector with the ultrasound image (for example, B image) is ensured.

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Abstract

一种超声成像方法和***,向扫描目标发射多个平面超声波束并获得相应的平面波束回波信号;向扫描目标发射聚焦超声波束并获得相应的聚焦波束回波信号;根据平面波束回波信号获得扫描目标内的目标点的多个速度分量,并根据该多个速度分量获得目标点的速度矢量;根据聚焦波束回波信号获得扫描目标的超声图像;并显示该速度矢量和超声图像。所述超声成像方法中,在成像过程中既使用平面超声波束、也使用聚焦超声波束进行成像,既能够获得准确度高、实时性好的速度矢量,也能够获得具有良好质量的图像。

Description

说明书 发明名称: 一种超声成像方法和***
技术领域
本发明涉及医用超声成像领域, 尤其是涉及一种能够获得目标的速度矢量的 超声成像方法和***。
背景技术
在医用超声成像中, 通过超声成像检测获得扫生物体内的运动目标(例如, 运动的组织、 血液或其他流体等等) 的速度矢量是非常有益的。
但是, 传统的多普勒超声只能测得沿超声波发射的方向(或者说超声波传播 的方向)的流速。 而且, 传统的用聚焦波成像测量运动目标的速度的方法中, 由 于帧率有限, 特别是在测量速度较大的运动目标时, 难以保证速度测量的实时性 和精确性, 而且容易产生混叠效应。 发明内容
本发明实施例的目的之一是提供一种既能够获得准确度高、 实时性好的速度 矢量, 也能够获得具有良好质量的图像的超声成像方法和***。
本发明实施例公开的技术方案包括:
提供了一种超声成像方法, 其特征在于, 包括: 向扫描目标发射多个平面超 声波束; 分别接收所述多个平面超声波束的回波, 获得多组平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射多个聚焦超声波束; 分别接收所述多个聚焦超声波束的回波, 获 得多组聚焦波束回波信号; 根据所述多组平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标内 的目标点的速度矢量; 根据所述多组聚焦波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标的至少 一部分的超声图像; 显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个平面超声波束的至少一部分和所述多个聚 焦超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述根据所述平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标 内的目标点的速度矢量的步骤包括: 根据所述平面波束回波信号获得至少第一帧 平面波束回波图像数据和第二帧平面波束回波图像数据; 在所述第一帧平面波束 回波图像数据中选择跟踪区域, 所述跟踪区域包含所述目标点; 在所述第二帧平 面波束回波图像数据中搜索与所述跟踪区域具有最大相似性的跟踪结果区域; 根 据所述跟踪区域和所述跟踪结果区域的位置以及所述第一帧平面波束回波图像 数据与第二帧平面波束回波图像数据之间的时间间隔获得所述目标点的速度矢 量。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述根据所述平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标 内的目标点的速度矢量的步骤包括: 根据所述平面波束回波信号获得至少两帧平 面波束回波图像数据; 根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿时 间方向的第一梯度; 根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿所述 平面超声波束的传播方向的第二梯度; 根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所 述目标点处沿垂直于所述平面超声波束的传播方向的方向的第三梯度; 根据所述 平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的在所述平面超声波束的传播方向上的第五 速度分量; 根据所述第一梯度、 所述第二梯度、 所述第三梯度和所述第五速度分 量计算所述目标点的在垂直于所述平面超声波束的传播方向的方向上的第六速 度分量; 根据所述第五速度分量和所述第六速度分量合成获得所述目标点的速度 矢量。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述根据所述平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标 内的目标点的速度矢量的步骤包括: 根据所述平面波束回波信号获得至少两帧平 面波束回波图像数据; 根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿时 间方向的第一梯度; 根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿所述 平面波束的传播方向的第二梯度; 根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目 标点处沿垂直于所述平面波束的传播方向的方向的第三梯度; 根据所述第一梯度、 所述第二梯度和所述第三梯度计算所述目标点的在所述平面超声波束的传播方 向上的第五速度分量和在垂直于所述平面超声波束的传播方向的方向上的第六 速度分量; 根据所述第五速度分量和所述第六速度分量合成获得所述目标点的速 度矢量。 本发明的实施例中还提供了一种超声成像方法, 其特征在于, 包括: 向扫描 目标发射第一平面超声波束, 所述第一平面超声波束具有第一偏转角度; 接收所 述第一平面超声波束的回波, 获得第一平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射第二 平面超声波束, 所述第二平面超声波束具有第二偏转角度; 接收所述第二平面超 声波束的回波, 获得第二平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射聚焦超声波束; 接 收所述聚焦超声波束的回波, 获得聚焦波束回波信号; 根据所述第一平面波束回 波信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的第一速度分量; 根据所述第二平面波束回 波信号获得所述目标点处的第二速度分量; 根据所述聚焦波束回波信号获得所述 扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像; 至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度 分量获得所述目标点处的速度矢量; 显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
本发明的一个实施例中, 还包括: 向扫描目标发射第三平面超声波束, 所述 第三平面超声波束具有第三偏转角度; 接收所述第三平面超声波束的第三平面波 束回波信号; 根据所述第三平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第三速度分量; 其中, 所述至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量获得所述目标点的速 度矢量的步骤包括: 至少根据所述第一速度分量、 所述第二速度分量和所述第三 速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量。
本发明的一个实施例中, 显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像的步骤包括: 将 所述速度矢量重叠显示在所述超声图像上。
本发明的实施例中还提供了一种超声成像方法, 其特征在于, 包括: 向扫描 目标发射多个第一平面超声波束,每个所述第一平面超声波束具有第一偏转角度; 接收所述多个第一平面超声波束的回波, 获得多组第一平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射多个第二平面超声波束,每个所述第二平面超声波束具有第 二偏转角度;
接收所述多个第二平面超声波束的回波, 获得多组第二平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射多个聚焦超声波束;
接收所述多个聚焦超声波束的回波, 获得多组聚焦波束回波信号;
根据所述多组第一平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的第一 速度分量; 根据所述多组第二平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第二速度分量; 根据所述多组聚焦波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像; 至 少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量; 显示 所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
本发明的一个实施例中,还包括:向扫描目标内发射多个第三平面超声波束, 每个所述第三平面超声波束具有第三偏转角度; 接收所述多个第三平面超声波束 的回波, 获得多组第三平面波束回波信号; 根据所述多组第三平面波束回波信号 获得所述目标点的第三速度分量; 其中, 所述至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述 第二速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量的步骤包括: 至少根据所述第一速度分 量、 所述第二速度分量和所述第三速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个第一平面超声波束的至少一部分和所述多 个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个聚焦超声波束中的至少一个在相邻的第一 平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个第一平面超声波束的至少一部分、 所述多 个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分和所述多个第三平面超声波束的至少一部分 交替地发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个聚焦超声波束中的至少一个在相邻的第一 平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间、或者在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第三 平面超声波束之间、 或者在相邻的第二平面超声波束和第三平面超声波束之间发 射。
本发明的实施例中,还提供了一种超声成像***,其特征在于, 包括:探头; 发射电路, 所述发射电路激励所述探头向扫描目标发射多个平面超声波束, 以及 激励所述探头向扫描目标发射多个聚焦超声波束; 接收电路和波束合成模块, 所 述接收电路和波束合成模块分别接收所述多个平面超声波束的回波以获得多组 平面波束回波信号, 并且接收所述多个聚焦超声波束的回波以获得多组聚焦波束 回波信号;
数据处理模块, 所述数据处理模块根据所述多组平面波束回波信号获得所述 扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量, 并且根据所述多组聚焦波束回波信号获得所述 扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像; 显示器, 所述显示器显示所述速度矢量和所 述超声图像。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个平面超声波束的至少一部分和所述多个聚 焦超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 还提供了一种超声成像***, 其特征在于, 包括: 探头; 发射电路, 所述发射电路激励所述探头向扫描目标以第一偏转角度发射第 一平面超声波束、 以第二偏转角度发射第二平面超声波束和发射聚焦超声波束; 接收电路和波束合成模块, 所述接收电路和波束合成模块接收所述第一平面超声 波束的回波以获得第一平面波束回波信号、接收所述第二平面超声波束的回波以 获得第二平面波束回波信号和接收所述聚焦超声波束的回波以获得聚焦波束回 波信号; 数据处理模块, 所述数据处理模块根据所述第一平面波束回波信号获得 所述扫描目标内的目标点的第一速度分量、根据所述第二平面波束回波信号获得 所述目标点的第二速度分量, 并至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量 获得所述目标点的速度矢量; 所述数据处理模块还根据所述聚焦波束回波信号获 得所述扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像; 显示器, 所述显示器显示所述速度矢 量和所述超声图像。
本发明的一个实施例中 , 所述发射电路还激励所述探头向所述扫描目标以第 三偏转角度发射第三平面超声波束; 所述接收电路和波束合成模块还接收所述第 三平面超声波束的回波以获得第三平面波束回波信号; 所述数据处理模块还根据 所述第三平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第三速度分量, 并至少根据所述第 一速度分量、 所述第二速度分量和所述第三速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述显示器将所述速度矢量重叠显示在所述超声图 像上。
本发明的实施例中,还提供了一种超声成像***,其特征在于, 包括:探头; 发射电路, 所述发射电路激励所述探头向扫描目标以第一偏转角度发射多个第一 平面超声波束、 以第二偏转角度发射多个第二平面超声波束和发射多个聚焦超声 波束; 接收电路和波束合成模块, 所述接收电路和波束合成模块接收所述多个第 一平面超声波束的回波以获得多组第一平面波束回波信号、接收所述多个第二平 面超声波束的回波以获得多组第二平面波束回波信号和接收所述多个聚焦超声 波束的回波以获得多组聚焦波束回波信号; 数据处理模块, 所述数据处理模块根 据所述多组第一平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的第一速度分 量、 根据所述多组第二平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第二速度分量, 并至 少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量; 所述 数据处理模块还根据所述多组聚焦波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标的至少一部 分的超声图像; 显示器, 所述显示器显示所¾度矢量和所述超声图像。
本发明的一个实施例中 , 所述发射电路还激励所述探头向所述扫描目标以第 三偏转角度发射多个第三平面超声波束; 所述接收电路和波束合成模块还接收所 述多个第三平面超声波束的回波以获得多组第三平面波束回波信号; 所述数据处 理模块还根据所述多组第三平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第三速度分量 , 并至少根据所述第一速度分量、 所述第二速度分量和所述第三速度分量获得所述 目标点的速度矢量。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述显示器将所述速度矢量重叠显示在所述超声图 像上。
本发明的一个实施例中 , 所述多个第一平面超声波束的至少一部分和所述多 个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个聚焦超声波束中的至少一个在相邻的第一 平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个第一平面超声波束的至少一部分、 所述多 个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分和所述多个第三平面超声波束的至少一部分 交替地发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 所述多个聚焦超声波束中的至少一个在相邻的第一 平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间、 或者在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第三 平面超声波束之间、 或者在相邻的第二平面超声波束和第三平面超声波束之间发 射。
本发明实施例提供的超声成像方法中, 在成像过程中既使用平面超声波束、 也使用聚焦超声波束进行成像。 使用平面超声波束来获得速度矢量, 从而充分利 用平面超声波束成像帧率高的优点以满足用超声成像测量流体速度时的高帧率 的要求; 使用聚焦超声波束来获得扫描目标的超声图像, 从而充分利用聚焦超声 波束成像回波信号信噪比高、 获得的超声图像质量较好、 横向分辨率高的优点, 以便于获得良好的图像供用户观察。 这样, 既能够获得准确度高、 实时性好的速 度矢量, 也能够获得具有良好质量的图像。 附图说明
图 1为本发明一个实施例的超声成像***的框图示意图。
图 2为本发明一个实施例的垂直发射的平面超声波束的示意图。
图 3为本发明一个实施例的偏转发射的平面超声波束的示意图。
图 4为本发明一个实施例的聚焦超声波束的示意图。
图 5为本发明一个实施例的超声成像方法的流程示意图。
图 6为本发明一个实施例的超声成像方法的流程示意图。
图 7为本发明一个实施例的超声成像方法的流程示意图。
图 8至 12为本发明一些实施例的多个平面超声波束和聚焦超声波束发射方 式的示意图。
具体实施方式
图 1为本发明一个实施例的超声成像***的结构框图示意图。 如图 1所示, 该超声成像***通常包括: 探头 1、 发射电路 2、 发射 /接收选择开关 3、 接收电 路 4、 波束合成模块 5、 信号处理模块 6、 图像处理模块 7和显示器 8。
在超声成像过程中,发射电路 2将经过延迟聚焦的具有一定幅度和极性的发 射脉冲通过发射 /接收选择开关 3发送到探头 1。 探头 1受发射脉冲的激励, 向扫 描目标(例如, 人体或者动物体内的器官、 组织、 血管等等, 图中未示出)发射 超声波, 经一定延时后接收从目标区域反射回来的带有扫描目标的信息的超声回 波,并将此超声回波重新转换为电信号。接收电路接收探头 1转换生成的电信号, 获得超声回波信号, 并将这些超声回波信号送入波束合成模块 5。 波束合成模块 5对超声回波信号进行聚焦延时、 加权和通道求和等处理, 然后将超声回波信号 送入信号处理模块 6进行相关的信号处理。 经过信号处理模块 6处理的超声回波信号送入图像处理模块 7。 图像处理模 块 7根据用户所需成^^莫式的不同, 对信号进行不同的处理, 获得不同模式的图 像数据, 然后经对数压缩、 动态范围调整、 数字扫描变换等处理形成不同模式的 超声图像, 如 B图像, C图像, D图像等等。
图像处理模块 7生成的超声图像送入显示器 8进行显示。
探头 1通常包括多个阵元的阵列。 在每次发射超声波时, 探头 1的所有阵元 或者所有阵元中的一部分参与超声波的发射。 此时, 这些参与超声波的发射的阵 元中的每个阵元分别受到发射脉冲的激励并分别发射超声波, 这些阵元分别发射 的超声波在传播过程中合成, 形成被发射到扫描目标的超声波束。
参与超声波的发射的阵元可以同时被发射脉冲激励; 或者, 参与超声波的发 射的阵元被发射脉冲激励的时间之间可以有一定的延时。通过控制参与超声波的 发射的阵元被发射脉冲激励的时间之间的延时, 可以使各个阵元发射的超声波束 在预定位置叠加, 使得在该预定位置处超声波的强度最大, 也就是使各个阵元发 射的超声波 "聚焦" 到该预定位置处, 该聚焦的预定位置称为 "焦点" , 这样, 获得的合成的超声波束是聚焦到该焦点处的波束,本文中称之为 "聚焦超声波束"。
或者, 通过控制参与超声波的发射的阵元被发射脉冲激励的时间之间的延时 ,
不会完全发散, 而是形成整体上大体上为平面的平面波。 本文中, 称这种无焦点 的平面波为 "平面超声波束" 。
在发射平面超声波束时, 通过控制参与超声波的发射的阵元被发射脉冲激励 的时间之间的延时, 可以使形成的平面超声波束的传播方向与探头 1的发射出超 声波的表面成预定的角度, 本文中称该角度为平面超声波束的 "偏转角度" 。
例如, 图 2所示垂直发射的平面波, 此时参与超声波的发射的各个阵元之间 没有时延(即各阵元被发射脉冲激励的时间之间没有时延) , 各个阵元被发射脉 冲同时激励。 生成的超声波束为平面波, 即平面超声波束, 并且该平面超声波束 的传播方向与探头 1的发射出超声波的表面大体垂直, 即该平面超声波束的偏转 角度为 90度。
图 3所示为偏转发射的平面波, 此时参与超声波的发射的各个阵元之间有预 定的时延(即各阵元被发射脉冲激励的时间之间有预定的时延) , 各个阵元被发 射脉冲按照预定的顺序激励。 生成的超声波束为平面波, 即平面超声波束, 并且 该平面超声波束的传播方向与探头 1的发射出超声波的表面成一定的角度(例如, 图 3中的角 α ) , 该角度即为该平面超声波束的偏转角度。
容易理解, 本发明的实施例中, 前述的 "偏转角度" 也可以按照其他的方式 定义, 只要能表示平面超声波束的传播方向相对于超声探头的发射出超声波的表 面的偏转即可。
图 4为发射聚焦超声波束的示意图。 这里, 参与超声波的发射的阵元(图 4 中, 仅仅探头 1中的部分阵元参与了超声波的发射)以预定的发射时延(即参与 超声波的发射的阵元被发射脉冲激励的时间之间存在预定的时延 ) 的方式工作, 各阵元发射的超声波在焦点处聚焦, 形成聚焦超声波束。
平面超声波束通常几乎覆盖探头 1的整个成像区域, 因此使用平面超声波束 成像时, 一次发射就可以得到一幅超声图像, 因此成像帧率可以很高。 通常情况 下,使用平面超声波束成像的帧率可以是使用聚焦超声波束成像的帧率的几十甚 至几百倍。 但是, 平面超声波束的能量比较分散, 因此获得的回波信号信噪比比 较低, 形成的超声图像质量较差, 而且平面超声波束无聚焦, 因此成像的分辨率 也比聚焦超声波束成像要低一些。
而使用聚焦超声波束成像时, 因为波束聚焦于焦点处, 因此每次只能得到一 根或者几根扫描线, 需要多次发射后才能得到成像区域内的所有扫描线从而组合 所有扫描线获得成像区域的一帧超声图像。 因此, 使用聚焦超声波束成像时帧率 相对较低。但是聚焦超声波束每次发射的能力较集中,而且仅在能力集中处成像, 因此获得的回波信号信噪比高, 获得的超声图像质量较好, 而且聚焦超声波束的 主瓣狭窄, 旁瓣较低, 所以获得的超声图像的横向分辨率也较高。
本发明的实施例中, 提供了一种能够获得扫描目标(例如, 血管或者生物体 内其他其内有流体流动的脉管, 等等) 内的流体(例如, 血液或者生物体内的其 他流体等等)的流场内的点的速度矢量(下文中详述)的超声成像的方法, 在成 像过程中既使用平面超声波束、 也使用聚焦超声波束进行成像。 使用平面超声波 束来获得速度矢量, 从而充分利用平面超声波束成像帧率高的优点以满足用超声 成像测量流体速度时的高帧率的要求; 使用聚焦超声波束来获得扫描目标的超声 图像(例如, 获得血管壁或者血管周围的组织或者生物体内其他脉管及脉管周围 的组织的超声图像,等等),从而充分利用聚焦超声波束成像回波信号信噪比高、 获得的超声图像质量较好、 横向分辨率高的优点, 以便于获得良好的图像供用户 观察。 下文中将结合具体的实施例进行详细说明。
图 5为本发明一个实施例的超声成像方法的流程示意图。 应该理解的是, 虽 然图 5的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示依次显示, 但是这些步骤并不是必 然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。 除非本文中有明确的说明, 这些步骤的执行并 没有严格的顺序限制, 其可以以其他的顺序执行。 而且, 图 5中的至少一部分步 骤可以包括多个子步骤或者多个阶段, 这些子步骤或者阶段并不必然是在同一时 刻执行完成, 而是可以在不同的时刻执行, 其执行顺序也不必然是依次进行, 而 是可以与其他步骤或者其他步骤的子步骤或者阶段的至少一部分轮流或者交替 地执行。
如图 5所示, 本发明的一个实施例中, 一种超声成像方法包括下述步骤。 在步骤 80中, 发射电路 2激励探头 1向扫描目标(例如, 血管或者生物体 内其他其内有流体流动的脉管, 等等)发射多个平面超声波束。 这些平面超声波 束可以是如前文所述的无焦点的平面波。 本发明的一个实施例中, 这些平面超声 波束可以具有相同的偏转角度。
每个平面超声波束发射进入扫描目标, 扫描目标内的流体和组织对该平面超 声波束进行散射和 /或反射。 探头 1接收扫描目标对该平面超声波束散射和 /或反 射形成的回波(本文称之为平面超声波束的回波),并将这些回波转换成电信号 , 这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即获得发射平面超 声波束后所对应获得的回波信号, 本文中称之为平面波束回波信号。 发射的每个 平面超声波束可以对应获得一组平面波束回波信号, 因此, 发射多个平面超声波 束, 可以对应获得多组平面波束回波信号。
在步骤 82中, 发射电路 2激励探头 1向扫描目标发射多个聚焦超声波束。 每个聚焦超声波束进入扫描目标内并且在扫描目标内的预定位置(即 , 焦点)处 聚焦。 扫描目标内的流体和组织对该聚焦超声波束进行散射和 /或反射。 探头 1 接收扫描目标对该聚焦超声波束散射和 /或反射形成的回波(本文称之为聚焦超声 波束的回波) , 并将这些回波转换成电信号, 这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束 合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即获得发射聚焦超声波束后所对应获得的回波信号, 本文中称之为聚焦波束回波信号。
本实施例中, 发射多次聚焦超声波束, 每次获得扫描目标的一条或者几条扫 描线的图像数据, 并且多次发射的这些聚焦超声波束中的至少一部分可以聚焦于 不同的焦点, 这样, 可以获得扫描目标的不同位置的一条或者几条扫描线的图像 数据。 然后将多次发射中获得的这些一条或者几条扫描线的图像数据组合, 可以 获得扫描目标的一帧完整的图像或者一帧完整的图像的至少一部分。
本发明的一个实施例中, 前述的多个平面超声波束的至少一部分和前述的多 个聚焦超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射, 即该多个聚焦超声波束中的至少一部 获得了平面波束回波信号之后, 在步骤 84 中, 可以根据获得的多组平面波 束回波信号获得扫描目标内的目标点 (例如, 扫描目标内感兴趣的点或者位置) 的速度矢量。
本发明的实施例中 , 可以使用多种方法根据获得的多组平面波束回波信号获 得目标点的速度矢量。
例如, 一个实施例中, 可以使用类似斑点追踪的方法根据获得的多组平面波 束回波信号获得目标点的速度矢量。
本实施例中, 获得目标点的速度矢量的步骤可以包括下列步骤。
首先, 可以 居前述的多组平面波束回波信号获得至少两帧平面波束回波图 像数据, 例如获得至少第一帧平面波束回波图像数据和第二帧平面波束回波图像 数据。 如前文所述, 平面超声波束大体上在整个成像区域中传播, 因此, 通常, 一次发射的平面超声波束(即, 一个平面超声波束)所对应获得的一组平面波束 回波信号通过处理即可获得一帧平面波束回波图像数据。 本文中, 将对平面超声 波束对应获得的平面波束回波信号进行相应的处理而获得的扫描目标的超声图 像数据称之为 "平面波束回波图像数据" 。
然后, 在第一帧平面波束回波图像数据中选择跟踪区域, 该跟踪区域可以包 含希望获得其速度矢量的目标点。 例如, 跟踪区域可以选择目标点的某个邻域或 者包含目标点的某个数据块。
随后, 在第二帧平面波束回波图像数据中搜索与该跟踪区域对应的区域, 例 如, 搜索与前述的跟踪区域具有最大相似性的区域作为跟踪结果区域。 这里, 相 似性的度量可以使用本领域内通常使用的度量方法。
然后,根据前述的跟踪区域和前述的跟踪结果区域的位置以及第一帧平面波 束回波图像数据与第二帧平面波束回波图像数据之间的时间间隔, P 获得所述 目标点的速度矢量。 例如, 速度矢量的大小可以通过跟踪区域和跟踪结果区域之 间的距离除以第一帧平面波束回波图像数据与第二帧平面波束回波图像数据之 间的时间间隔获得, 而速度矢量的方向可以为从跟踪区域到跟踪结果区域的连线 的方向。
另一个实施例中, 可以基于目标点处的时间梯度和空间梯度获得目标点的速 度矢量。
这种方法的原理如下。 对 Ρ沿时间方向求导, 根据链式法则可以得到:
dP(x(t),z(t)) _ dP dx J dP dz (丄) dt dx dt dz dt
其中, 以 Z方向为平面超声波束的传播方向, X方向为垂直于平面超声波束 的传播方向的方向, 则 即为沿 Z方向 (即平面超声波束的传播方向) 的速度分 量 z,即^ = ;而 即为沿 X方向(即垂直于平面超声波束的传播方向的方向) 的速度分量 x, , 即^ = 。 因此, 前述的公式可写为:
dP(x(t),z(t)) _ d d ( . dt ~ a^ Vx† a Vz ' y ) 其中, l σ^, 可以
χ σζ 通过对平面波束回波信号图像数据分别沿 x和 z方向求梯 度获得; dp (x( 'z(t))可以根据至少两帧平面波束回波图像数据 , 对该平面波束回波 at 图像数据上的点沿时间方向求梯度获得。 这样, 式(2 )中只有 V^PVz为未知量, 这两个未知量即为我们所期望求得的两个速度分量。
因此, 本发明的实施例中, 对于图像中的某个目标点, 可以首先根据已获得 的平面波束回波图像数据计算在该目标点处的前述沿 X方向、 z方向和时间方向 上的梯度, 然后在根据式(2 )计算速度分量 V^PVZ
本发明的实施例中, 可以使用多种适合的方法获得速度分量 V^PVz , 下面仅 举几个实例。
例如, 通常, 在超声成像中, 利用多普勒原理, 对超声回波信号进行多普勒 处理, 可以获得扫描目标或者其内的运动部分的运动速度。 例如, 获得了超声回 波信号之后, 通过自相关估计方法或者互相关估计方法, 可以根据超声回波信号 获得扫描目标或者其内的运动部分的运动速度。 对超声回波信号进行多普勒处理 正在使用或者将来可能使用的任何可以用以通过超声回波信号计算扫描目标或 者其内的运动部分的运动上速度的方法, 在此不再详述。
此时, 通过多普勒处理获得的扫描目标或者其内的运动部分的运动速度是在 超声波束的传播方向上的速度。 由于扫描目标或者其内的运动部分的运动方向不 一定与超声波束的传播方向一致, 因此, 通过在一个方向上发射(或者说传播) 的超声波束获得的扫描目标或者其内的运动部分的运动速度实际上是该扫描目 标或者其内的运动部分的实际运动速度(该实际运动速度是包含大小和方向信息 的矢量)在超声波束的传播方向上的分量。
因此, 也就是说, 本发明的一个实施例中, 前述的沿 z方向 (即平面超声波 束的传播方向 )的速度分量 可以通过对获得的平面波束回波信号进行多普勒处 理而获得。 获得了 vz之后, 根据公式 ( 2 ) 即可容易地计算获得 x
因此, 本发明的一个实施例中, 根据平面波束回波信号获得扫描目标内的目 标点的速度矢量的步骤可以包括:
根据获得的平面波束回波信号获得至少两帧平面波束回波图像数据; 根据该平面波束回波图像数据获得在目标点处沿时间方向的第一梯度(即, 前述的沿时间方向的梯度) ;
根据该平面波束回波图像数据获得在该目标点处沿平面超声波束的传播方 向的第二梯度(例如, 前述的沿 Z方向的梯度) ;
根据该平面波束回波图像数据获得在该目标点处沿垂直于该平面超声波束 的传播方向的方向的第三梯度(例如, 前述的沿 X方向的梯度) ;
根据前述的平面波束回波信号获得该目标点的在平面波束的传播方向上的 第五速度分量(例如, 前述的 vz ) ;
根据前述的第一梯度、 第二梯度、 第三梯度和第五速度分量计算目标点的在 垂直于平面超声波束的传播方向的方向上的第六速度分量(例如, 前述的 vx ) ; 根据该第五速度分量和第六速度分量合成获得目标点的速度矢量。
这样, 即获得了目标点的速度矢量。
此外, 本发明的另一个实施例中, 考虑到公式(2 ) 中是一个方程两个未知 量的情况, 可以才艮据多组测量和计算的结果, 得到多个方程, 这样就可以用最小 二乘法来求解计算这两个未知量, 然后根据这两个未知量即可合成获得目标点的 速度矢量。 本实施例的方法的原理简介如下。
釆用最小二乘解法, 前述的公式(2 )可以写作
( 3 ) —
Figure imgf000016_0001
其中, pt = px = pz = 下脚标 i代表第 i次计算时相应
1 dt 1 dx 1 dz
的值。 设共有 N次计算, 并且由于这 N次计算所占据的时间 4艮短, 因此假设在 这段时间内的血流速度保持不变。 ^表示随机误差。 在这里, 公式(3 )满足高斯 -马尔可夫定理, 它的解为:
:xl = (ATA)-1ATu, ( 4 )
Figure imgf000016_0002
根据高斯-马尔可夫定理, 随机误差^的方差可以表示为
var(£j) =。2 , ( 5 ) 如前述一样用多普勒超声法测量沿 z方向(平面超声波束的传播方向)上的 速度 vz , 参照公式(3 ),
VD = B + ( 6 )
其中 vD =
Figure imgf000017_0001
VD为多普勒超声法测量的一组不同时间上的速度值, 公式(6 ) 中的 vz为 普勒超声法得到的平均值, 如此则可以得到 £的方差:
Figure imgf000017_0002
根据公式(5 )和(7 )计算出的两个不同的方差, 釆用加权最小二乘法
其中, 加权系 ¾w =
Figure imgf000017_0003
阶数分别对应矩阵 A和 B的行数。
这样, 即可求解获得两个速度分量 V^PVz , 获得这两个速度分量之后, 即可 合成获得目标点的速度矢量。
因此, 本发明一个实施例中, 根据平面波束回波信号获得扫描目标内的目标 点的速度矢量的步骤可以包括:
根据该平面波束回波图像数据获得在目标点处沿时间方向的第一梯度(即, 前述的沿时间方向的梯度) ;
根据该平面波束回波图像数据获得在该目标点处沿平面超声波束的传播方 向的第二梯度(例如, 前述的沿 z方向的梯度) ; 根据该平面波束回波图像数据获得在该目标点处沿垂直于该平面超声波束 的传播方向的方向的第三梯度(例如, 前述的沿 X方向的梯度) ;
根据获得的第一梯度、 第二梯度和第三梯度计算目标点的在平面超声波束的 传播方向上的第五速度分量(例如, 前述的 vz )和在垂直于平面超声波束的传播 方向的方向上的第六速度分量(例如, 前述的 vx ) ;
根据第五速度分量和第六速度分量合成获得目标点的速度矢量。
本发明的一个实施例中, 在获得了多组聚焦波束回波信号之后, 在步骤 86 中 , 可以根据该多组聚焦波束回波信号获得扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像, 即对聚焦波束回波信号进行相应的处理以获得扫描目标的至少一部分的图像。 由 前文所述, 每个聚焦超声波束通常聚焦于焦点, 因此根据每个聚焦波束回波信号 通常可以获得扫描目标的一条或者多条扫描线的图像数据。 这里, 根据聚焦波束 回波信号获得的扫描目标的至少一部分的图像(或者该一条或者多条扫描线的图 像数据)可以是 B图像(或者 B图像数据) , 也可以是任何其他适合模式的超 声图像(或者超声图像数据)。 对多组聚焦波束回波信号中的每一组分别进行处 理, 每组可以分别获得扫描目标的一条或者多条扫描线的图像数据, 这些一条或 者多条扫描线的图像数据组合即可获得扫描目标的一帧完整的超声图像或者一 帧完整超声图像的一部分。
根据获得的聚焦波束回波信号获得扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像(或者 超声图像数据 )的方法可以使用本领域内目前和将来通常使用的任何适合的方法,
在获得了在扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量和扫描目标的至少一部分的超 声图像之后, 在步骤 88 中, 可以显示该速度矢量和该超声图像。 例如, 可以将 该速度矢量和该超声图像同时显示在显示器 8上。 例如, 一个实施例中, 可以将 该速度矢量重叠显示在该超声图像上。
本发明的一个实施例中,前述的步骤 84和 /或步骤 86可以由超声成像***的 数据处理模块 9执行。 本发明的一个实施例中, 该数据处理模块 9可以包括信号 处理模块 6和 /或图像处理模块 7,前述的步骤 84和 /或步骤 86可以由信号处理模 块 6和 /或图像处理模块 7执行。 前述的实施例中, 是使用在同一个方向的平面超声波束(即发射的平面超声 波束具有相同的偏转角度) , 通过对同一个方向上的平面波束回波信号进行处理 获得扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量。 本发明的另外的实施例中, 也可以使用多 个不同方向的平面超声波束(即向扫描目标发射具有不同的偏转角度的平面超声 波束 ) 来获得扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量。
例如, 图 6为本发明一个实施例的超声成像方法的流程示意图。 应该理解的 是, 虽然图 6的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示依次显示, 但是这些步骤并 不是必然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。 除非本文中有明确的说明, 这些步骤的 执行并没有严格的顺序限制, 其可以以其他的顺序执行。 而且, 图 6中的至少一 部分步骤可以包括多个子步骤或者多个阶段, 这些子步骤或者阶段并不必然是在 同一时刻执行完成, 而是可以在不同的时刻执行, 其执行顺序也不必然是依次进 行, 而是可以与其他步骤或者其他步骤的子步骤或者阶段的至少一部分轮流或者 交替地执行。
如图 6所示, 本发明的一个实施例中, 一种超声成像方法包括下述步骤。 在步骤 10中, 发射电路 2激励探头 1向扫描目标(例如, 血管或者生物体 内其他其内有流体流动的脉管, 等等)发射第一平面超声波束。 该第一平面超声 波束可以是如前文所述的无焦点的平面波, 并且其可以具有第一偏转角度。 该第 一平面超声波束发射进入扫描目标,扫描目标内的流体和组织对该第一平面超声 波束进行散射和 /或反射。 探头 1接收扫描目标对该第一平面超声波束散射和 /或 反射形成的回波(本文称之为第一平面超声波束的回波) , 并将这些回波转换成 电信号, 这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即获得发 射第一平面超声波束后所对应获得的回波信号, 本文中称之为第一平面波束回波 信号。
类似地, 在步骤 12中, 发射电路 2激励探头 1向扫描目标发射第二平面超 声波束。 该第二平面超声波束可以是如前文所述的无焦点的平面波, 并且其可以 具有第二偏转角度。该第二偏转角度可以与前述的第一偏转角度不同。也就是说, 第二平面超声波束的传播方向实际上是与第一平面超声波束的传播方向是不同 的。
该第二平面超声波束发射进入扫描目标, 扫描目标内的流体和组织对该第二 平面超声波束进行散射和 /或反射。探头 1接收扫描目标对该第二平面超声波束散 射和 /或反射形成的回波(本文称之为第二平面超声波束的回波) , 并将这些回波 转换成电信号, 这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即 获得发射第二平面超声波束后所对应获得的回波信号, 本文中称之为第二平面波 束回波信号。
在步骤 14中, 发射电路 2激励探头 1向扫描目标发射聚焦超声波束。 该聚 焦超声波束进入扫描目标内并且在扫描目标内的预定位置(即, 焦点)处聚焦。 扫描目标内的流体和组织对该聚焦超声波束进行散射和 /或反射。探头 1接收扫描 波) , 并将这些回波转换成电信号, 这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即获得发射聚焦超声波束后所对应获得的回波信号, 本文中称 之为聚焦波束回波信号。
获得了第一平面波束回波信号之后, 在步骤 16 中, 可以根据该第一平面波 束回波信号获得扫描目标内在目标点(例如, 期望获得其位置处的速度矢量的点 或者位置)的第一速度分量, 即获得在该目标点处的流体或组织的运动速度的第 一速度分量。 如前文所述, 对超声回波信号进行多普勒处理可以获得在超声波束的传播方 向上的速度分量。 因此, 本发明的实施例中, 在步骤 16, 可以通过对第一平面波 束回波信号进行多普勒处理而获得扫描目标内在该目标点处的流体或者组织在 该第一平面超声波束的传播方向上的运动速度分量, 本文中将这个速度分量称之 为目标点的第一速度分量。 可见, 该第一速度分量也是一个矢量, 其大小可以根 据前述的多普勒处理而得到, 其方向即为第一平面超声波束的传播方向。 第一平 面超声波束的传播方向可以由该第一平面超声波束的偏转角度(即前述的第一偏 转角度)得到, 而该第一平面超声波束的这个第一偏转角度是已知的。 同样地, 本发明的实施例中, 在步骤 16, 也可以通过对第二平面波束回波信 号进行多普勒处理而获得扫描目标内在目标点处的流体或者组织在该第二平面 超声波束的传播方向上的运动速度分量, 本文中将这个速度分量称之为目标点的 第二速度分量。
类似地, 该第二速度分量也是一个矢量, 其大小可以根据前述的多普勒处理 而得到, 其方向即为第二平面超声波束的传播方向。 第二平面超声波束的传播方 向可以由该第二平面超声波束的偏转角度(即前述的第二偏转角度)得到, 而该 第二平面超声波束的这个第二偏转角度是已知的。
在获得了聚焦波束回波信号之后, 在步骤 18 中, 可以根据聚焦波束回波信 号获得扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像, 即对聚焦波束回波信号进行相应的处 理以获得扫描目标的至少一部分的图像。 由前文所述, 每个聚焦超声波束通常聚 焦于焦点, 因此根据每个聚焦波束回波信号通常可以获得扫描目标的一条或者多 条扫描线的图像数据。 这里, 根据聚焦波束回波信号获得的扫描目标的至少一部 分的图像(或者该一条或者多条扫描线的图像数据)可以是 B图像(或者 B图 像数据) , 也可以是任何其他适合模式的超声图像(或者超声图像数据) 。 根据 获得的聚焦波束回波信号获得扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像(或者超声图像 数据)的方法可以使用本领域内目前和将来通常使用的任何适合的方法, 在此不 再详述。
如前文所述, 在步骤 16 中已经获得了目标点的第一速度分量和第二速度分 量。 在获得了第一速度分量和第二速度分量之后, 在步骤 20 中, 可以利用矢量 合成的原理, 至少根据这个第一速度分量和第二速度分量合成获得在该目标点处 的组织或者流体的速度矢量, 本文中称之为目标点的速度矢量。
前述的实施例中,是通过在两个方向上传播的两种平面超声波束获得目标点 的两个速度分量, 然后至少用这两个速度分量合成该目标点的速度矢量。 因此, 前述实施例中, 前述的 "目标点" 可以是位于第一平面超声波束和第二平面超声 波束重叠处的位置处。 而每次发射聚焦超声波束对扫描目标进行成像时, 是对扫 描目标中的一部分进行成像, 每次发射聚焦超声波束所成像的扫描目标的该部分 可以包含前述的目标位置或者与前述的目标位置至少部分重叠,也可以是与前述 部分与平面超声波束成像的目标位置相同。
在获得了目标点的速度矢量和扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像之后, 在步 骤 22 中, 可以显示该速度矢量和该超声图像。 例如, 可以将该速度矢量和该超 声图像同时显示在显示器 8上。 例如, 一个实施例中, 可以将该速度矢量重叠显 示在该超声图像上。
本发明的一个实施例中, 前述的步骤 16、 步骤 18和 /或步骤 20可以由超声 成像***的数据处理模块 9执行。 本发明的一个实施例中, 该数据处理模块 9可 以包括信号处理模块 6和 /或图像处理模块 7, 前述的步骤 16、 步骤 18和 /或步骤 20可以由信号处理模块 6和 /或图像处理模块 7执行。
前述的实施例中, 发射了第一平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束, 以获得扫 描目标内的目标点的第一速度分量和第二速度分量, 然后根据至少该第一速度分 量和该第二速度分量合成获得在该目标点的速度矢量。 然而, 在本发明的另外的 实施例中, 发射电路 2还可以激励探头 1向扫描目标发射第三平面超声波束。 该 第三平面超声波束可以是如前文所述的无焦点的平面波, 并且其可以具有第三偏 转角度。 该第三偏转角度可以与前述的第一偏转角度和第二偏转角度不同。 也就 是说, 第三平面超声波束的传播方向实际上是与第一平面超声波束和第二平面超 声波束的传播方向是不同的。
该第三平面超声波束发射进入扫描目标, 扫描目标内的流体和组织对该第三 平面超声波束进行散射和 /或反射。探头 1接收扫描目标对该第三平面超声波束散 射和 /或反射形成的回波(本文称之为第三平面超声波束的回波) , 并将这些回波 转换成电信号, 这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即 获得发射第三平面超声波束后所对应获得的回波信号, 本文中称之为第三平面波 束回波信号。
获得第三平面波束回波信号之后, 与前文所述的类似, 也可以通过对第三平 面波束回波信号进行多普勒处理而获得扫描目标内在目标点处的流体或者组织 在该第三平面超声波束的传播方向上的运动速度分量, 本文中将这个速度分量称 之为目标点的第三速度分量。 因此, 此时, 通过第三平面波束回波信号可以获得 在该目标点的第三速度分量。
该第三速度分量也是一个矢量, 其大小可以根据前述的多普勒处理而得到, 其方向即为第三平面超声波束的传播方向。 第三平面超声波束的传播方向可以由 该第三平面超声波束的偏转角度(即前述的第三偏转角度)得到, 而该第三平面 超声波束的这个第三偏转角度是已知的。
其后, 可以至少根据前述的第一速度分量、 第二速度分量和第三速度分量合 成获得该目标点的速度矢量。
类似地, 前述的实施例中, 前述的 "目标点" 可以位于第一平面超声波束、 第二平面超声波束和第三平面超声波束重叠(或者说相交)处的位置处。同样地, 每次发射聚焦超声波束所成像的部分可以包含前述的目标位置或者与前述的目 标位置至少部分重叠, 也可以是与前述的目标位置分离的。 本发明的实施例中并 未限制每次发射聚焦超声波束所成像的部分与平面超声波束成像的目标位置相 同。
本实施例中, 用三个方向的平面超声波束获得目标点的三个方向的速度分量, 然后用这三个速度分量合成目标点的速度矢量。 获得的速度矢量精度更高, 稳定 性更好。 容易理解, 本发明的实施例中, 也可以向扫描目标内的目标位置发射更 多方向的平面超声波束以获得更多方向的速度分量, 并用这些更多方向的速度分 量合成目标点的速度矢量。 通常, 使用越多方向的平面超声波束, 最终合成获得 的速度矢量精度越高、 稳定性越好。
本发明的一个实施例中 , 前述的根据第三平面波束回波信号获得第三速度分 量的步骤和 /或根据第一速度分量、第二速度分量和第三速度分量合成获得在目标 点的速度矢量的步骤也可以由超声成像***的数据处理模块 9执行。
然后, 本实施例中, 与前述实施例类似, 可以在显示器 8上显示获得的该速 度矢量和通过聚焦超声波束获得的扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像。 例如, 可 以将该速度矢量重叠显示在该超声图像上。 本发明的一个实施例中, 前述的第一平面超声波束、 第二平面超声波束和 / 或第三平面超声波束可以发射多次,每次发射获得的回波信号称为一组回波信号, 从而获得多组第一平面波束回波信号、多组第二平面波束回波信号和 /或多组第三 平面波束回波信号, 然后对该多组第一平面波束回波信号、 多组第二平面波束回 波信号和 /或多组第三平面波束回波信号分别进行多普勒处理从而分别获得目标 点的第一速度分量、 第二速度分量和 /或第三速度分量。
此外, 如前文所述, 发射聚焦超声波束时, 由于聚焦超声波束聚焦于焦点, 的一条或者几条扫描线的图像数据。 因此, 本发明的一个实施例中, 前述的聚焦 超声波束也可以发射多次,每次获得一组聚焦波束回波信号并处理获得扫描目标 的一条或者几条扫描线的图像数据 , 并且这些聚焦超声波束中的至少一部分可以 聚焦于不同的焦点, 这样, 可以获得扫描目标的不同位置的一条或者几条扫描线 的图像数据。 然后将多次发射中获得的这些一条或者几条扫描线的图像数据组合, 可以获得扫描目标的一帧完整的图像或者一帧完整的图像的至少一部分。
因此, 本发明另一个实施例中, 一种超声成像方法的流程示意图可以如图 7 所示。应该理解的是,虽然图 7的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示依次显示, 但是这些步骤并不是必然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。 除非本文中有明确的说 明, 这些步骤的执行并没有严格的顺序限制, 其可以以其他的顺序执行。 而且, 图 7中的至少一部分步骤可以包括多个子步骤或者多个阶段, 这些子步骤或者阶 段并不必然是在同一时刻执行完成, 而是可以在不同的时刻执行, 其执行顺序也 不必然是依次进行, 而是可以与其他步骤或者其他步骤的子步骤或者阶段的至少 一部分轮流或者交替地执行。
图 7所示的实施例中,在步骤 60中,发射电路 2激励探头 1向扫描目标(例 如, 血管或者生物体内其他其内有流体流动的脉管, 等等)发射多个第一平面超 声波束。 该多个第一平面超声波束可以是如前文所述的无焦点的平面波, 并且每 个第一平面超声波束可以具有第一偏转角度。每个第一平面超声波束发射进入扫 描目标,扫描目标内的流体和组织对该第一平面超声波束进行散射和 /或反射。探 头 1接收扫描目标对该第一平面超声波束散射和 /或反射形成的回波,并将这些回 波转换成电信号, 这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即获得第一平面波束回波信号。 本实施例中, 发射多个第一平面超声波束, 每个 第一平面超声波束获得一组第一平面波束回波信号, 因此, 可以获得多组第一平 面波束回波信号。
类似地, 在步骤 62中, 发射电路 2激励探头 1向扫描目标内发射多个第二 平面超声波束。 该第二平面超声波束可以是如前文所述的无焦点的平面波, 并且 每个第二平面超声波束可以具有第二偏转角度。 该第二偏转角度可以与前述的第 一偏转角度不同。 也就是说, 每个第二平面超声波束的传播方向实际上是与每个 第一平面超声波束的传播方向是不同的。
第二平面超声波束发射进入扫描目标, 扫描目标内的流体和组织对该第二平 面超声波束进行散射和 /或反射。探头 1接收扫描目标对该第二平面超声波束散射 和 /或反射形成的回波,并将这些回波转换成电信号,这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即获得第二平面波束回波信号。 本实施例中, 发 射多个第二平面超声波束,每个第二平面超声波束获得一组第二平面波束回波信 号, 因此, 可以获得多组第二平面波束回波信号。
在步骤 64中 , 发射电路 2激励探头 1向扫描目标内的该目标位置发射多个 聚焦超声波束。每个该聚焦超声波束进入扫描目标内并且在扫描目标内的预定位 置(即, 焦点)处聚焦。 扫描目标内的流体和组织对该聚焦超声波束进行散射和 /或反射。 探头 1接收扫描目标对该聚焦超声波束散射和 /或反射形成的回波, 并 将这些回波转换成电信号, 这些电信号经过接收电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块 的处理, 即获得聚焦波束回波信号。 本实施例中, 发射多个聚焦超声波束, 每个 聚焦超声波束获得一组聚焦波束回波信号, 因此, 可以获得多组聚焦波束回波信 获得了多组第一平面波束回波信号之后, 在步骤 66 中, 可以根据该多组第 一平面波束回波信号获得目标点的第一速度分量。 本实施例中, 与步骤 16 中的 类似,可以对该多组第一平面波束回波信号进行多普勒处理而获得目标点的第一 速度分量。 该第一速度分量是一个矢量, 其大小可以根据前述的多普勒处理而得 到, 其方向即为该多个第一平面超声波束的传播方向。
同样地, 本发明的实施例中, 在步骤 66, 也可以通过该多组第二平面波束回 波信号进行多普勒处理而获得目标点的在该多个第二平面超声波束的传播方向 上的第二速度分量。 该第二速度分量也是一个矢量, 其大小可以根据前述的多普 勒处理而得到, 其方向即为第二平面超声波束的传播方向。
在获得了该多组聚焦波束回波信号之后, 在步骤 68 中, 可以根据多组聚焦 波束回波信号获得扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像, 即对聚焦波束回波信号进 行相应的处理以获得扫描目标的至少一部分的图像。 由前文所述, 每个聚焦超声 波束通常聚焦于焦点, 因此根据每个聚焦波束回波信号通常可以获得扫描目标的 一条或者多条扫描线的图像数据。 本实施例中, 发射多次聚焦超声波束, 每次获 得扫描目标的一条或者几条扫描线的图像数据, 并且多次发射的这些聚焦超声波 束中的至少一部分可以聚焦于不同的焦点, 这样, 可以获得扫描目标的不同位置 的一条或者几条扫描线的图像数据。 然后将多次发射中获得的这些一条或者几条 扫描线的图像数据组合, 可以获得扫描目标的一帧完整的图像或者一帧完整的图 像的至少一部分。
这里,根据聚焦波束回波信号获得的扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像可以 是 B图像, 也可以是任何其他适合模式的超声图像。根据获得的多组聚焦波束回 波信号获得扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像的方法可以使用本领域内目前和 将来通常使用的任何适合的方法, 在此不再详述。
如前文所述, 在步骤 66 中已经获得了目标点的第一速度分量和第二速度分 量。 获得了第一速度分量和第二速度分量之后, 在步骤 70 中, 可以利用矢量合 成的原理, 至少根据这个第一速度分量和第二速度分量获得目标点的速度矢量。
在获得了扫描目标内的点的速度矢量和扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像 之后, 在步骤 72 中, 可以显示该速度矢量和该超声图像。 例如, 可以将该速度 矢量和该超声图像同时显示在显示器 8上。 例如, 一个实施例中, 可以将该速度 矢量重叠显示在该超声图像上。 本发明的一个实施例中, 前述的步骤 66、 步骤 68和 /或步骤 70可以由超声 成像***的数据处理模块 9执行。
在图 7所示的实施例的基础上, 在本发明的另外的实施例中, 发射电路 2还 可以激励探头 1向扫描目标内的该目标位置发射多个第三平面超声波束。每个该 第三平面超声波束可以是如前文所述的无焦点的平面波, 并且其可以具有第三偏 转角度。 该第三偏转角度可以与前述的第一偏转角度和第二偏转角度不同。 也就 是说, 每个第三平面超声波束的传播方向实际上是与每个第一平面超声波束和每 个第二平面超声波束的传播方向是不同的。
每个该第三平面超声波束发射进入扫描目标 , 扫描目标内的流体和组织对该 第三平面超声波束进行散射和 /或反射。探头 1接收扫描目标对该第三平面超声波 束散射和 /或反射形成的回波,并将这些回波转换成电信号,这些电信号经过接收 电路 4、 波束合成模块 5等模块的处理, 即获得第三平面波束回波信号。 本实施 例中, 发射多个第三平面超声波束, 每个第三平面超声波束获得一组第三平面波 束回波信号, 因此, 可以获得多组第三平面波束回波信号。
获得该多组第三平面波束回波信号之后, 与前文所述的类似, 也可以通过对 该多组第三平面波束回波信号进行多普勒处理而获得目标点在该第三平面超声 波束的传播方向上的第三速度分量。
该第三速度分量也是一个矢量, 其大小可以根据前述的多普勒处理而得到, 其方向即为第三平面超声波束的传播方向。
其后, 可以至少根据前述的第一速度分量、 第二速度分量和第三速度分量合 成获得在该目标点的速度矢量。
本发明的一个实施例中 , 前述的根据多组第三平面波束回波信号获得第三速 度分量的步骤和 /或根据第一速度分量、第二速度分量和第三速度分量合成获得目 标点的速度矢量的步骤也可以由超声成像***的数据处理模块 9执行。
本发明的一个实施例中, 在前述的实施例的基础上, 前述的多个第一平面超 声波束的至少一部分和前述的多个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分可以交替地 发射。 本发明的一个实施例中, 在前述的实施例的基础上, 前述的多个聚焦超声波 束中的至少一个在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 在前述的实施例的基础上, 前述的多个第一平面超 声波束的至少一部分、前述的多个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分和前述的多个 第三平面超声波束的至少一部分可以交替地发射。
本发明的一个实施例中, 在前述的实施例的基础上, 前述的多个聚焦超声波 束中的至少一个在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间发射、或者 在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第三平面超声波束之间发射、 或者在相邻的第二平 面超声波束和第三平面超声波束之间发射。
例如, 图 8至图 12中示意性地描述了本发明的一些实施例的平面超声波束 和聚焦超声波束的发射方式。 在图 8至 12中, 细线箭头表示平面超声波束, 粗 箭头表示聚焦超声波束, 箭头的顺序表示各自的发射波束并接收其相应的回波的 过程之间的顺序。 细线箭头中, 图中向左偏的细线箭头表示第一平面超声波束, 竖直的细线箭头表示第二平面超声波束, 向右偏的细线箭头表示第三平面超声波 束。 容易理解, 图中每个细线箭头表示哪个平面超声波束也可以按照不同的方式 定义。 例如, 也可以是向左偏的细线箭头表示第一平面超声波束, 向右偏的细线 箭头表示第二平面超声波束, 竖直的细线箭头表示第三平面超声波束; 等等。
而且, 图 8-12 中示意性表示的平面超声波束和聚焦超声波束的数量仅仅是 示意性的, 并非限制实际发射的平面超声波束和聚焦超声波束的数量只能是图 8-12中所示的数量。 实际中, 平面超声波束和聚焦超声波束的数量可以是任何适 合的数量。
如图 8所示, 本发明的一个实施例中, 可以按照下列顺序进行:
发射第一个第一平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第一个第二平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第一个第三平面超声波束并接收其回波
发射第一个聚焦超声波束并接收其回波
发射第二个第二平面超声波束并接收其回波→ 发射第二个第三平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第二个第一平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第三个第二平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第三个第三平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第三个第一平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第二个聚焦超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第四个第三平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第四个第一平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第四个第二平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第五个第三平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第五个第一平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第五个第二平面超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第三个聚焦超声波束并接收其回波→
发射第六个第一平面超声波束并接收其回波 上述过程可以重复进行。
由图 8中可见, 本实施例中, 大体上可以看做以第一平面超声波束、 第二平 面超声波束和第三平面超声波束为一组平面超声波束,每组平面超声波束重复发 射并接收其回波, 其中在某些组中, 该组中的某个平面超声波束被聚焦超声波束 替代。 例如, 图 8中, 以最左边的三个平面超声波束为第一组平面超声波束, 从 左至右依次编号为第二组、 第三组、 第四组、 第五组、 第六组、 第七组等等, 以 此类推。 可见, 第二组中的第一平面超声波束被第一个聚焦超声波束替代, 第四 组中的第二平面超声波束被第二个聚焦超声波束替代, 第六组中的第三平面超声 波束被第三个聚焦超声波束替代, 依次类推。
在通过平面超声波束的回波信号计算速度分量时, 由于被聚焦超声波束替代 了, 因此某些组中的被替代的平面超声波束将没有的平面波束回波信号。 此时, 被替代的平面超声波束的平面波束回波信号可以由前一组或者前几组的对应的 平面超声波束的平面波束回波信号和后一组或者后几组的对应的平面超声波束 的平面波束回波信号插值获得。
例如, 图 8的实施例中, 第二组平面超声波束中的第一平面超声波束被聚焦 超声波束替代, 因此, 在计算第一速度分量时, 第二组中的这个第一平面超声波 束的第一平面波束回波信号可以由第一组中的第一平面超声波束的第一平面波 束回波信号和第三组中的第一平面超声波束的第一平面波束回波信号插值获得。
本发明的实施例中, 也可以按照其他的方式发射平面超声波束和聚焦超声波 束, 例如如图 9至图 12所示。 其中, 图 9至 12所示的发射过程及其意义可以参 考上文中关于图 8的发射过程的描述获得, 在此不再一一阐述。
本发明实施例中提供的超声成像方法及其超声成像***中, 在成像过程中既 使用平面超声波束、 也使用聚焦超声波束进行成像。 使用平面超声波束来获得速 度矢量,从而充分利用平面超声波束成像帧率高的优点以满足用超声成像测量流 体速度时的高帧率的要求; 使用聚焦超声波束来获得扫描目标的超声图像, 从而 充分利用聚焦超声波束成像回波信号信噪比高、 获得的超声图像质量较好、 横向 分辨率高的优点, 以便于获得良好的图像供用户观察。 这样, 既能够获得准确度 高、 实时性好的高帧率的速度矢量, 也能够获得具有良好质量的图像(例如, B 图像) , 从而在呈现速度矢量(例如, 血流的速度矢量) 的同时, 周围的组织和 管壁等器官依然可以在灰阶图上清晰可见。
而且, 本发明的一些实施例中, 平面超声波束和聚焦超声波束为随时间的交 替发射, 即聚焦超声波束的发射分散***平面超声波束的发射之间。 这样, 既保 持了速度矢量的连续性, 又保证了速度矢量与超声图像(例如, B图像)的同步 性。
以上通过具体的实施例对本发明进行了说明,但本发明并不限于这些具体的 实施例。 本领域技术人员应该明白, 还可以对本发明做各种修改、 等同替换、 变 化等等, 这些变换只要未背离本发明的精神, 都应在本发明的保护范围之内。 此 外, 以上多处所述的 "一个实施例" 表示不同的实施例, 当然也可以将其全部或 部分结合在一个实施例中。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种超声成像方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
向扫描目标发射多个平面超声波束;
分别接收所述多个平面超声波束的回波, 获得多组平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射多个聚焦超声波束;
分别接收所述多个聚焦超声波束的回波, 获得多组聚焦波束回波信号; 根据所述多组平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量; 根据所述多组聚焦波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图 像;
显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述多个平面超声波束的至 少一部分和所述多个聚焦超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述平面波束回波 信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量的步骤包括:
根据所述平面波束回波信号获得至少第一帧平面波束回波图像数据和第二 帧平面波束回波图像数据;
在所述第一帧平面波束回波图像数据中选择跟踪区域, 所述跟踪区域包含所 述目标点;
在所述第二帧平面波束回波图像数据中搜索与所述跟踪区域具有最大相似 性的跟踪结果区域;
根据所述跟踪区域和所述跟踪结果区域的位置以及所述第一帧平面波束回 波图像数据与第二帧平面波束回波图像数据之间的时间间隔获得所述目标点的 速度矢量。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述平面波束回波 信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量的步骤包括:
根据所述平面波束回波信号获得至少两帧平面波束回波图像数据;
根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿时间方向的第一梯 度;
根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿所述平面超声波束 的传播方向的第二梯度;
根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿垂直于所述平面超 声波束的传播方向的方向的第三梯度;
根据所述平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的在所述平面超声波束的传播 方向上的第五速度分量;
根据所述第一梯度、 所述第二梯度、 所述第三梯度和所述第五速度分量计算 所述目标点的在垂直于所述平面超声波束的传播方向的方向上的第六速度分量; 根据所述第五速度分量和所述第六速度分量合成获得所述目标点的速度矢 量。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述平面波束回波 信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量的步骤包括:
根据所述平面波束回波信号获得至少两帧平面波束回波图像数据;
根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿时间方向的第一梯 度;
根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿所述平面超声波束 的传播方向的第二梯度;
根据所述平面波束回波图像数据获得在所述目标点处沿垂直于所述平面超 声波束的传播方向的方向的第三梯度;
根据所述第一梯度、 所述第二梯度和所述第三梯度计算所述目标点的在所述 平面超声波束的传播方向上的第五速度分量和在垂直于所述平面超声波束的传 播方向的方向上的第六速度分量;
根据所述第五速度分量和所述第六速度分量合成获得所述目标点的速度矢 量。
6、 一种超声成像方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
向扫描目标发射第一平面超声波束, 所述第一平面超声波束具有第一偏转角 度;
接收所述第一平面超声波束的回波, 获得第一平面波束回波信号;
向扫描目标发射第二平面超声波束, 所述第二平面超声波束具有第二偏转角 度; 接收所述第二平面超声波束的回波, 获得第二平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射聚焦超声波束;
接收所述聚焦超声波束的回波, 获得聚焦波束回波信号;
根据所述第一平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的第一速度 分量;
根据所述第二平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第二速度分量;
根据所述聚焦波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像; 至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢 量;
显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
向扫描目标发射第三平面超声波束, 所述第三平面超声波束具有第三偏转角 度;
接收所述第三平面超声波束的第三平面波束回波信号;
根据所述第三平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第三速度分量;
其中,
所述至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量获得所述目标点的速 度矢量的步骤包括:
至少根据所述第一速度分量、 所述第二速度分量和所述第三速度分量获得所 述目标点的速度矢量。
8、 如权利要求 6或者 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 显示所述速度矢量和 所述超声图像的步骤包括: 将所¾度矢量重叠显示在所述超声图像上。
9、 一种超声成像方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
向扫描目标发射多个第一平面超声波束, 每个所述第一平面超声波束具有第 一偏转角度;
接收所述多个第一平面超声波束的回波, 获得多组第一平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射多个第二平面超声波束, 每个所述第二平面超声波束具有第 二偏转角度;
接收所述多个第二平面超声波束的回波, 获得多组第二平面波束回波信号; 向扫描目标发射多个聚焦超声波束;
接收所述多个聚焦超声波束的回波, 获得多组聚焦波束回波信号;
根据所述多组第一平面波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标内的目标点的第一 速度分量;
根据所述多组第二平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第二速度分量; 根据所述多组聚焦波束回波信号获得所述扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图 像;
至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢 量;
显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
向扫描目标内发射多个第三平面超声波束,每个所述第三平面超声波束具有 第三偏转角度;
接收所述多个第三平面超声波束的回波, 获得多组第三平面波束回波信号; 根据所述多组第三平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第三速度分量; 其中,
所述至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量获得所述目标点的速 度矢量的步骤包括:
至少根据所述第一速度分量、 所述第二速度分量和所述第三速度分量获得所 述目标点的速度矢量。
11、 如权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述多个第一平面超声波束 的至少一部分和所述多个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述多个聚焦超声波束中的 至少一个在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间发射。
13、 如权利要求 10所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述多个第一平面超声波束 的至少一部分、 所述多个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分和所述多个第三平面超 声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述多个聚焦超声波束中的 至少一个在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间、或者在相邻的第 一平面超声波束和第三平面超声波束之间、 或者在相邻的第二平面超声波束和第 三平面超声波束之间发射。
15、 一种超声成像***, 其特征在于, 包括:
探头;
发射电路, 所述发射电路激励所述探头向扫描目标发射多个平面超声波束, 以及激励所述探头向扫描目标发射多个聚焦超声波束;
接收电路和波束合成模块, 所述接收电路和波束合成模块分别接收所述多个 平面超声波束的回波以获得多组平面波束回波信号, 并且接收所述多个聚焦超声 波束的回波以获得多组聚焦波束回波信号;
数据处理模块, 所述数据处理模块根据所述多组平面波束回波信号获得所述 扫描目标内的目标点的速度矢量, 并且根据所述多组聚焦波束回波信号获得所述 扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像;
显示器, 所述显示器显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的***, 其特征在于, 所述多个平面超声波束的至 少一部分和所述多个聚焦超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
17、 一种超声成像***, 其特征在于, 包括:
探头;
发射电路, 所述发射电路激励所述探头向扫描目标以第一偏转角度发射第一 平面超声波束、 以第二偏转角度发射第二平面超声波束和发射聚焦超声波束; 接收电路和波束合成模块, 所述接收电路和波束合成模块接收所述第一平面 超声波束的回波以获得第一平面波束回波信号、接收所述第二平面超声波束的回 波以获得第二平面波束回波信号和接收所述聚焦超声波束的回波以获得聚焦波 束回波信号;
数据处理模块, 所述数据处理模块根据所述第一平面波束回波信号获得所述 扫描目标内的目标点的第一速度分量、根据所述第二平面波束回波信号获得所述 目标点的第二速度分量, 并至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度分量获得 所述目标点的速度矢量; 所述数据处理模块还根据所述聚焦波束回波信号获得所 述扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像;
显示器, 所述显示器显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
18、 如权利要求 17所述的***, 其特征在于:
所述发射电路还激励所述探头向所述扫描目标以第三偏转角度发射第三平 面超声波束;
所述接收电路和波束合成模块还接收所述第三平面超声波束的回波以获得 第三平面波束回波信号;
所述数据处理模块还根据所述第三平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点的第 三速度分量, 并至少根据所述第一速度分量、 所述第二速度分量和所述第三速度 分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量。
19、 如权利要求 17或者 18所述的***, 其特征在于: 所述显示器将所述 速度矢量重叠显示在所述超声图像上。
20、 一种超声成像***, 其特征在于, 包括:
探头;
发射电路, 所述发射电路激励所述探头向扫描目标以第一偏转角度发射多个 第一平面超声波束、 以第二偏转角度发射多个第二平面超声波束和发射多个聚焦 超声波束;
接收电路和波束合成模块, 所述接收电路和波束合成模块接收所述多个第一 平面超声波束的回波以获得多组第一平面波束回波信号、接收所述多个第二平面 超声波束的回波以获得多组第二平面波束回波信号和接收所述多个聚焦超声波 束的回波以获得多组聚焦波束回波信号;
数据处理模块, 所述数据处理模块根据所述多组第一平面波束回波信号获得 所述扫描目标内的目标点的第一速度分量、根据所述多组第二平面波束回波信号 获得所述目标点的第二速度分量, 并至少根据所述第一速度分量和所述第二速度 分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量; 所述数据处理模块还根据所述多组聚焦波束回 波信号获得所述扫描目标的至少一部分的超声图像;
显示器, 所述显示器显示所述速度矢量和所述超声图像。
21、 如权利要求 20所述的***, 其特征在于:
所述发射电路还激励所述探头向所述扫描目标以第三偏转角度发射多个第 三平面超声波束;
所述接收电路和波束合成模块还接收所述多个第三平面超声波束的回波以 获得多组第三平面波束回波信号;
所述数据处理模块还根据所述多组第三平面波束回波信号获得所述目标点 的第三速度分量, 并至少根据所述第一速度分量、 所述第二速度分量和所述第三 速度分量获得所述目标点的速度矢量。
22、 如权利要求 20或者 21所述的***, 其特征在于: 所述显示器将所述 速度矢量重叠显示在所述超声图像上。
23、 如权利要求 20所述的***, 其特征在于: 所述多个第一平面超声波束 的至少一部分和所述多个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
24、 如权利要求 23所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述多个聚焦超声波束中的 至少一个在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间发射。
25、 如权利要求 21所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述多个第一平面超声波束 的至少一部分、 所述多个第二平面超声波束的至少一部分和所述多个第三平面超 声波束的至少一部分交替地发射。
26、 如权利要求 25所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述多个聚焦超声波束中的 至少一个在相邻的第一平面超声波束和第二平面超声波束之间、或者在相邻的第 一平面超声波束和第三平面超声波束之间、 或者在相邻的第二平面超声波束和第 三平面超声波束之间发射。
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