WO2015178322A1 - 冷蔵庫 - Google Patents
冷蔵庫 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015178322A1 WO2015178322A1 PCT/JP2015/064109 JP2015064109W WO2015178322A1 WO 2015178322 A1 WO2015178322 A1 WO 2015178322A1 JP 2015064109 W JP2015064109 W JP 2015064109W WO 2015178322 A1 WO2015178322 A1 WO 2015178322A1
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- temperature
- time
- storage chamber
- cooled
- freezing point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigerator, and more particularly to a refrigerator having a function of bringing an object to be cooled into a supercooled state.
- the supercooled state means that the food is in a non-frozen state without starting freezing even if the food has reached the freezing point or lower.
- the supercooled state may be released due to impact or some factor, and ice crystals may be generated in the food. If the supercooled state is left released, the food freezes, and the quality of the food deteriorates due to cell damage caused by freezing.
- Patent Document 1 In order to avoid such a problem, a method has been proposed in which the temperature is periodically changed to melt ice crystals generated by releasing the supercooled state.
- Patent Document 1 after the supercooling operation in which the food is in a supercooled state, when the operation and stop of the cooling means by the temperature setting in the refrigeration operation is repeated at least once, the supercooling operation is started again.
- a refrigerator to be described In the refrigerator of Patent Document 1, even when food freezes due to the supercooling operation, the food is completely frozen by performing the refrigeration operation at a set temperature higher than the set temperature of the supercooling operation. be able to.
- Patent Document 2 describes a refrigerator that repeatedly performs a low-temperature process in which the set temperature in the refrigerator is set to a temperature lower than the freezing point of the food and a heating process in which the temperature is set to a temperature higher than the freezing point. ing. Even in the refrigerator of Patent Document 2, even if the supercooled state of the food is released in the low temperature process, and ice crystals are generated in the food and the freezing is started, by starting the temperature rising process at a predetermined timing, The ice crystals generated when the supercooling is released can be melted. Moreover, a supercooling state is implement
- the time for performing the refrigeration operation is a time for which the cycle in the normal refrigeration operation is repeated one or more times, the time for performing the supercooling operation, and the amount of heat at each operation.
- the relationship with is not considered. Therefore, for example, when the time for performing the refrigeration operation is too short with respect to the time for performing the supercooling operation, the ice crystals of the food cannot be sufficiently melted, and the freezing of the food proceeds.
- the time for performing the refrigeration operation is too long for the time for performing the supercooling operation, the average temperature during the storage period of the food becomes high, which may lead to a decrease in the quality of the food.
- the time for the low temperature process is set for the purpose of completely melting the ice crystals generated in the low temperature process.
- the latent heat Q1 released when changing from water to ice, the latent heat Q2 taken away from the water during the freezing process, and the heat Q3 given to the ice during the thawing process are Q3 ⁇
- the low temperature process time is set so as to satisfy the relationship of Q1 + Q2. This makes it possible to completely melt the ice crystals generated in the low-temperature process, but the heating process takes longer time, and the average temperature during the storage period of the food becomes higher than the freezing temperature as a result. May lead to a decrease in
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and prevents the object to be frozen from being completely frozen without deteriorating the quality of the object to be cooled even when the supercooled state is released.
- An object is to provide a refrigerator that can be used.
- the refrigerator controls a storage room in which an object to be cooled is stored, a cooling device that supplies cold air to the storage room, and the cooling device, and controls the temperature in the storage room during the first time.
- a control device that repeatedly executes the process, and a time integral value of a difference between the freezing point and the temperature in the storage chamber while the temperature in the storage chamber is lower than the freezing point of the object to be cooled, While the temperature is higher than the freezing point of the object to be cooled, the time integral value of the difference between the temperature in the storage chamber and the freezing point is equal.
- the temperature in the storage chamber is the freezing point of the object to be cooled.
- FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a refrigerator 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the refrigerator 1 in the first embodiment.
- the dimensional relationship and shape of each constituent member may be different from the actual ones.
- the positional relationship (for example, vertical relationship etc.) between each structural member in a specification is a thing when installing the refrigerator 1 in the state which can be used in principle.
- the refrigerator 1 includes a heat insulating box 90 having a front surface (front) opened and a storage space formed therein.
- the heat insulation box 90 includes a steel outer box, a resin inner box, and a heat insulating material filled in a space between the outer box and the inner box.
- the storage space formed inside the heat insulating box 90 is partitioned into a plurality of storage chambers in which objects to be cooled such as food are stored by a plurality of partition members. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
- the refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment includes a refrigerating room 100 arranged at the uppermost stage as a plurality of storage rooms, a switching room 200 arranged below the refrigerating room 100, An ice making chamber 300 disposed adjacent to the side of the switching chamber 200, a freezing chamber 400 disposed below the switching chamber 200 and the ice making chamber 300, and a bottom vegetable room disposed below the freezing chamber 400 500.
- the switching chamber 200 has various refrigeration temperature zones (eg, about ⁇ 18 ° C.), refrigeration temperature zones (eg, about 3 ° C.), chilled temperature zones (eg, about 0 ° C.), and soft freezing temperature zones (eg, about ⁇ 7 ° C.).
- the cold insulation temperature zone can be switched to the temperature zone.
- the kind and number of the storage rooms with which the refrigerator 1 is provided are not limited to these.
- the opening formed in the front surface of the refrigerator compartment 100 is provided with a rotary door 8 that opens and closes the opening.
- the door 8 of the present embodiment is a double door type (double door type), and includes a right door 8a and a left door 8b.
- An operation panel 6 is provided on the outer surface of the door 8 (for example, the left door 8b) serving as the front surface of the refrigerator 1.
- the operation panel 6 includes an operation unit 61 (FIG. 4) for adjusting the set temperature of each storage room, a display unit 62 (FIG. 4) for displaying the temperature of each storage room, inventory information in the warehouse, and the like. It has.
- the operation unit 61 is configured by, for example, an operation switch, and the display unit 62 is configured by, for example, a liquid crystal display.
- the operation panel 6 may be configured by a touch panel in which the operation unit 61 is integrally formed on the display unit 62.
- the switching room 200, the ice making room 300, the freezing room 400, and the vegetable room 500 are opened and closed by drawer doors. These drawer-type doors slide in the depth direction (front-rear direction) of the refrigerator 1 by sliding a frame fixed to the door with respect to rails formed horizontally on the left and right inner wall surfaces of each storage room. It can be opened and closed.
- a storage case 501 capable of storing an object to be cooled is stored in such a manner that it can be pulled out.
- the storage case 501 is supported by a door frame, and slides in the front-rear direction in conjunction with opening and closing of the door.
- storage cases 201 and 401 that can store foods and the like are stored in a freely retractable manner. Further, a storage case (not shown) is also stored in the ice making chamber 300 so that it can be pulled out.
- the number of storage cases provided in each storage room is one. However, in consideration of the capacity of the entire refrigerator 1, the storage capacity and the ease of organization can be improved. I do not care.
- a compressor 2, a cooler 3 (evaporator), a blower fan 4, and an air passage 5 are provided as a cooling device that supplies cold air to each storage chamber.
- the compressor 2 and the cooler 3 constitute a refrigeration cycle together with a condenser (not shown) and an expansion device (not shown), and generate cold air to be supplied to each storage chamber.
- the cold air generated by the compressor 2 and the cooler 3 is blown to the air passage 5 by the blower fan 4 and supplied from the air passage 5 through the damper to the freezing room 400, the switching room 200, the ice making room 300, and the refrigerating room 100. Is done.
- the vegetable room 500 is cooled by the return cold air from the refrigerating room 100 supplied through a damper from a refrigerating room return air passage (not shown).
- the cold air supplied to the vegetable compartment 500 is returned to the cooler 3 through a vegetable room return air passage (not shown).
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the refrigerator compartment 100 in the present embodiment.
- the refrigerating room 100 includes a door open / close detection switch 9 that detects the open / closed state of the door 8, a door pocket 10 provided on the inner side of the door 8, and a multi-stage space in the refrigerating room 100.
- a shelf 11 for partitioning The numbers of door pockets 10 and shelves 11 are not limited to those shown in FIG. 3, and one or more arbitrary numbers of door pockets 10 and shelves 11 can be provided.
- the lower part of the refrigerator compartment 100 is configured in two upper and lower stages, the upper part is formed with a chilled room 12 in which the internal temperature is maintained at 0 ° C. or higher, and the lower part is frozen at a temperature below the freezing point.
- a low-temperature chamber 13 for storage without being formed is formed.
- the air passage 5 on the back side of the refrigerator compartment 100 is divided into an air passage 5 a that blows cold air to the refrigerator compartment 100 and the chilled compartment 12 and an air passage 5 b that blows cold air to the low temperature chamber 13.
- a damper 16 is provided in the air passage 5a
- a damper 17 is provided in the air passage 5b.
- the damper 16 and the damper 17 adjust the air volume of the cold air supplied to the refrigerator compartment 100 and the low temperature compartment 13.
- a temperature sensor 14 for detecting the temperature in the refrigerator compartment 100 is provided on the back surface of the refrigerator compartment 100, and a temperature for detecting the temperature in the cryogenic chamber 13 is provided on the back surface of the cryogenic chamber 13.
- a sensor 15 is provided.
- the temperature sensor 14 and the temperature sensor 15 are composed of, for example, a thermistor.
- the switching chamber 200, the ice making chamber 300, the freezing chamber 400, and the vegetable chamber 500 are also provided with temperature sensors (not shown) for detecting the indoor temperature.
- the amount of cool air supplied to each storage chamber is adjusted from the air passage 5 to the entrance to the switching chamber 200, the ice making chamber 300 and the freezer compartment 400, and from the return air passage for the refrigerator compartment to the vegetable compartment 500. Dampers (not shown) are provided for the purpose.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a control configuration of the refrigerator 1 in the present embodiment.
- the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the control device 7 includes a detection signal by a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of each storage room including the temperature sensors 14 and 15, a detection signal by the door open / close detection switch 9, and an operation unit 61 of the operation panel 6.
- the operation signal from is input.
- the control device 7 sets the temperatures of the refrigerator compartment 100, the chilled room 12, the low temperature room 13, the switching room 200, the ice making room 300, the freezer room 400, and the vegetable room 500 to the set temperatures.
- the cooling device is controlled in accordance with an operation program stored in advance so as to be maintained.
- the cooling device includes, for example, a damper disposed in each storage chamber including the compressor 2, the blower fan 4 and the dampers 16 and 17, and the control device 7 outputs the output of the compressor 2, the blown amount of the blower fan 4, and Controls the opening of the damper. Moreover, the control apparatus 7 outputs the display signal regarding the temperature of each storage room, the inventory information in a warehouse, etc. to the display part 62 of the operation panel 6 based on each input signal.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram related to the temperature control of the low temperature chamber 13 by the control device 7 in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes over time in the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 and the internal temperature ⁇ when the temperature control in the present embodiment is performed. As shown in FIG.
- the control device 7 of the present embodiment includes a low-temperature process for reducing the internal temperature ⁇ of the low-temperature chamber 13 to a temperature lower than the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled, and freezing of the object to be cooled
- the temperature raising step for raising the temperature to a temperature higher than the point ⁇ f is repeated.
- the control device 7 includes a time measuring unit 71 that measures time, a counter 72 that counts a count value, a process transition unit 73, a temperature setting unit 74, a comparison unit 75, and a control unit 76. And a storage unit 77.
- Each of the above units is realized as a functional unit realized by software by executing a program by a CPU constituting the control device 7, or a DSP, an ASIC (Application Specific IC), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or the like. Realized with electronic circuits.
- the process transition unit 73 performs a process transition based on the time measured by the time measuring unit 71 and the count value by the counter 72.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 according to the process transferred by the process transfer unit 73.
- the comparison unit 75 compares the set temperature ⁇ s set by the temperature setting unit 74 with the internal temperature ⁇ detected by the temperature sensor 15 in the low temperature chamber 13, and outputs the comparison result to the control unit 76.
- the control unit 76 controls the compressor 2, the blower fan 4, and the damper 17 based on the comparison result by the comparison unit 75 so that the internal temperature ⁇ detected by the temperature sensor 15 becomes the set temperature ⁇ s.
- the storage unit 77 is composed of, for example, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory, and stores various data and operation programs used for temperature control.
- the temperature control of the low temperature chamber 13 by the control device 7 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- a cycle including a low temperature process and a temperature raising process is repeated.
- the process transition unit 73 transitions to the temperature raising process when the low temperature process time ⁇ TL has elapsed from the start of the low temperature process.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH elapses from the start of the temperature raising process, the process proceeds to the low temperature process again.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL and the temperature increase process time ⁇ TH are determined for each machine by a method described later and stored in the storage unit 77.
- the low temperature step corresponds to the “first step” of the present invention
- the temperature raising step corresponds to the “second step” of the present invention
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL corresponds to the “first time” of the present invention
- the temperature rising process time ⁇ TH corresponds to the “second time” of the present invention.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L, and the control unit 76 reduces the temperature in the low temperature chamber 13 to the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L.
- the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L is a temperature lower than the freezing point ⁇ f (for example, 0 ° C.) of the object to be cooled stored in the low temperature chamber 13, and is, for example, ⁇ 4 ° C. to ⁇ 2 ° C.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to the temperature rising set temperature ⁇ H, and the control unit 76 raises the temperature in the low temperature chamber 13 until it reaches the temperature rising set temperature ⁇ H.
- the temperature increase set temperature ⁇ H is a temperature higher than the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled accommodated in the low temperature chamber 13, and is, for example, 1 ° C. to 2 ° C.
- the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L and the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H have a relationship of ⁇ H> ⁇ L and are stored in the storage unit 77 in advance.
- the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L and the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H may be changed or set by the user via the operation unit 61.
- the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L corresponds to the first temperature of the present invention
- the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H corresponds to the second temperature of the present invention.
- the low temperature process includes an introduction process and a low temperature maintenance process.
- the temperature setting unit 74 lowers the set temperature ⁇ s step by step for each preset time. This stage is counted by the counter 72, and the process transition unit 73 proceeds to the low temperature maintenance process when the count value of the counter 72 reaches a predetermined value. This predetermined value is determined in advance so that the set temperature ⁇ s reaches the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L at time TL1.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L, and the controller 76 reduces the temperature in the low temperature chamber 13 until the temperature reaches the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L.
- the object to be cooled in the low-temperature chamber 13 is brought into a supercooled state in which it is not frozen at the freezing point ⁇ f or less. Then, when the time TL is reached, that is, when the low temperature process time ⁇ TL has elapsed since the start of the low temperature process, the process transition unit 73 ends the low temperature process and proceeds to the temperature raising process.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 to the temperature rising set temperature ⁇ H, and the control unit 76 raises the temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 to the temperature rising set temperature ⁇ H. Specifically, the control unit 76 closes the damper 17 to stop the state where the cold air flows into the low temperature chamber 13 and raises the internal temperature of the low temperature chamber 13.
- the internal temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 may be increased by operating the blower fan 4 when the compressor 2 is stopped and opening the damper 17 to circulate the air in the refrigerator 1.
- chamber 13 and the damper which controls the flow of the air of the refrigerator compartment 100 or the vegetable compartment 500 and the low temperature compartment 13 in the air passage
- the damper may be opened, and air having a temperature higher than that of the cold room 13 may be caused to flow into the cold room 13 from the cold room 100 or the vegetable room 500.
- the process transition unit 73 ends the temperature raising process and proceeds to the low temperature process.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a temperature control process of the low temperature chamber 13 in the present embodiment. This process is started when the refrigerator 1 is turned on or when the start of the process is selected by the operation panel 6.
- the internal temperature ⁇ of the low temperature chamber 13 is detected by the temperature sensor 15, and it is determined whether or not the detected internal temperature ⁇ is equal to or higher than the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H (S101).
- S101 the temperature rise set temperature
- the process proceeds to step S112, and the temperature increase process is started.
- the elapsed time T is reset by the timer 71, and measurement of the elapsed time T is started (S102).
- the introduction process is first performed.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to ⁇ H ⁇ (S103).
- the count value i of the counter 72 is set to 0 (S104).
- the elapsed time t is reset by the timer 71, and measurement of the elapsed time t is started (S105).
- the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 is set to a temperature ⁇ (eg, 0.3 ° C.) lower than the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H, and the count of the stages in the introduction process and the measurement of the elapsed time t of each stage are started.
- ⁇ t is the time of each stage in the introduction process, for example, 20 minutes.
- the set temperature ⁇ s set in step S103 is maintained until the elapsed time t becomes equal to or greater than ⁇ t.
- the set temperature ⁇ s is set to ⁇ s ⁇ (S107), and 1 is added to the count value i (S108).
- n indicates the number of steps in the introduction process, and is 12, for example.
- the process returns to step S105 and the subsequent processing is repeated.
- the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 is lowered step by step by ⁇ every preset time ⁇ t, and the internal temperature ⁇ is also lowered to the set temperature ⁇ s.
- the process shift unit 73 shifts to the low temperature maintenance process.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L (S110). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the elapsed time T from the start of the low temperature process is ⁇ TL or more (S111).
- the elapsed time T is less than the low temperature process time ⁇ TL (S111: NO)
- the set temperature ⁇ s set in step S110 that is, the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L
- the process proceeds to step S112, and the temperature raising process is started.
- the elapsed time T is reset by the timer 71, and the measurement of the elapsed time T is started again (S112). Then, the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 to the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H (S113). Next, it is determined by the process transition unit 73 whether the elapsed time T is equal to or greater than the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH (S114). When the elapsed time T is less than the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH (S114: NO), the set temperature ⁇ s set in step S113 (that is, the temperature raising set temperature) until the elapsed time T becomes equal to or higher than the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH. ⁇ H) is maintained. On the other hand, when the elapsed time T is equal to or greater than the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH (S114: YES), the temperature raising process is terminated, the process returns to step S102, and the low temperature process is started again.
- the object to be cooled accommodated in the low temperature chamber 13 is in a supercooled state in which it is not frozen even at the freezing point ⁇ f or less, but the supercooled state is in an unstable state in terms of energy. is there. Therefore, for example, when an abrupt temperature change occurs in the low temperature chamber 13 due to an impact such as opening / closing of the door 8 or some factor, the supercooling state may be released.
- the supercooled state of the object to be cooled is released, fine ice crystals begin to be formed almost uniformly inside the object to be cooled, and freezing is started.
- the process proceeds to the temperature increase process to avoid the progress and completion of freezing, and the tissue or cells of the object to be cooled by ice crystals. Etc. can be prevented from being damaged.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH has elapsed since the start of the temperature raising step, the quality of the object to be cooled can be suppressed by shifting to the low temperature step.
- the quality of the object to be cooled may be reduced.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is too short with respect to the low temperature process time ⁇ TL, the ice crystals of the object to be cooled cannot be sufficiently melted, and the object to be cooled is frozen.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is too long with respect to the low temperature process time ⁇ TL, the average temperature during the storage period of the object to be cooled becomes higher than the freezing temperature ⁇ f, and the quality of the object to be cooled may be deteriorated.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL and the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH are set in consideration of the time during which the object to be cooled is recognized and the balance of heat.
- FIG. 8 shows changes over time in the set temperature and the internal temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 when the temperature control is performed in the present embodiment, the amount of heat q1 released from the object to be cooled, and the amount of heat q2 supplied to the object to be cooled. It is a graph which shows.
- FIG. 9 shows the time (freezing time) in which freezing has progressed after the object to be cooled is released from the supercooling when the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L is ⁇ 3 ° C., and the number of fracture peaks when the object to be cooled is cut. It is a graph which shows the relationship.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set so as to satisfy the following condition obtained from a simple experiment.
- the cooling rate in the introduction process is set so that an object to be cooled such as food can enter a supercooled state.
- the cooling rate of the introduction process is arbitrarily set so as to satisfy such a condition. As a result, as shown in FIG.
- time ⁇ Tf1 from the start of the low-temperature process that is, the time from the start of the introduction process to the arrival of the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled, and the end of the introduction process.
- Time TL1 is determined.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set so as to satisfy time TL1 ⁇ time TL.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL needs to be set to be equal to or shorter than the time until the object to be cooled is recognized.
- the reason why the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set to be equal to or less than the time until freezing is recognized will be described with reference to FIG.
- the deviation of the number of break peaks is shown on the graph for every freezing time.
- FIG. 9 there is almost no change in the number of fracture peaks between the non-frozen state (freezing time 0 hour) and the state 6 hours after the start of freezing. That is, it can be seen that even when 6 hours have passed since the start of freezing, the tactile sensation of the object to be cooled hardly changes from the non-frozen state and is not recognized as frozen. Further, it can be seen from FIG. 9 that the boundary between the non-frozen state (freezing time 0 hour) and the state that can be recognized as frozen is 8 hours.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL 8 hours or less (for example, 300 minutes)
- the time until the object to be cooled is recognized is referred to as “allowable freezing time”. Note that 8 hours is an example, and the allowable freezing time varies depending on the airframe and the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L.
- Tf ⁇ b> 1 be the time at which the internal temperature ⁇ (T) detected by the temperature sensor 15 reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled in the low temperature process.
- Tf2 the time at which the internal temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled.
- Tf3 the time at which the internal temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled.
- Tf3 the time from when the temperature raising process is started until the internal temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled.
- ⁇ Tf2 the time from when the low-temperature process of the next cycle is started until the inside temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled is assumed to be ⁇ Tf1.
- the amount of heat released by the object to be cooled whose temperature is constant at the freezing point ⁇ f is q1.
- the amount of heat supplied to the object to be cooled whose temperature is constant at the freezing point ⁇ f. Is q2.
- the amount of heat q1 corresponds to the hatched portion between ⁇ f between Tf1 and Tf2 and the internal temperature ⁇ (T) in the area of the hatched portion in FIG.
- the amount of heat q1 is a time integral value of the difference between the freezing point ⁇ f and the internal temperature ⁇ (T) while the internal temperature ⁇ (T) is lower than the freezing point ⁇ f.
- the amount of heat q2 corresponds to the shaded portion between ⁇ f between Tf2 and Tf3 and the internal temperature ⁇ (T) in the area of the shaded portion in FIG. 8, and is expressed as the following equation (2).
- the amount of heat q2 is a time integral value of the difference between the internal temperature ⁇ (T) and the freezing point ⁇ f while the internal temperature ⁇ (T) is higher than the freezing point ⁇ f.
- the amount of heat q1 corresponds to the first amount of heat of the present invention
- the amount of heat q2 corresponds to the second amount of heat of the present invention.
- the amount of heat q1 and the amount of heat q2 are equal includes not only the case where the amount of heat q1 and the amount of heat q2 are exactly the same, but also the case where the amount of heat q1 and the amount of heat q2 are not the same but in a balanced state.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set to be equal to or less than the allowable freezing time, it is not necessary to reliably melt the ice crystals of the object to be cooled as in the prior art. This is shorter than the conventional case of reliably melting ice crystals.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH can be obtained from the low temperature process time ⁇ TL as follows. First, the time ⁇ Tf2 and the time Tf2 from when the temperature raising step is started until the internal temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f can be obtained from the temperature raising rate. The temperature increase rate is obtained by experiments. Next, the calorie
- equation (3) from the shaded area of FIG. Further, the amount of heat q2 represented by the equation (2) is represented by an approximate equation as in the following equation (4) from the shaded area in FIG. From the equations (3) and (4), the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is determined so as to satisfy the heat quantity q1 heat quantity q2.
- the temperature raising step time ⁇ TH is, for example, 240 minutes.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set so as to satisfy time TL1 ⁇ time TL and be equal to or shorter than the allowable freezing time. Further, the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is set so that the heat quantity q1 and the heat quantity q2 are balanced based on the low temperature process time ⁇ TL, the heat quantity q1, and the heat quantity q2.
- FIG. 10 and 11 are graphs showing changes over time in the set temperature of the low temperature chamber 13, the internal temperature, and the food temperature when the temperature control of the present embodiment is performed.
- FIG. 10 shows an example where the food is not released from supercooling in the low temperature process
- FIG. 11 shows an example where the food is released from supercooling in the low temperature process.
- the food temperature is slightly delayed from the internal temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 and is between the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L and the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H. It changes continuously in the same way as the inside temperature changes. Thereby, the food in the low temperature chamber 13 can be repeatedly returned to the supercooled state in the low temperature process.
- the heat quantity q1 for proceeding with freezing is equal to the heat quantity q2 for melting the ice crystals. ing.
- it is set below the low temperature process time ⁇ TL allowable freezing time. Therefore, the refrigerator 1 can return the food to a state equivalent to that immediately after releasing the supercooling, that is, immediately after the time Tf1 and the start of freezing, at the time TH_2 at the time when the temperature raising step is finished.
- FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are graphs showing changes over time in the set temperature of the low temperature chamber 13, the internal temperature, and the food temperature when the temperature control in the comparative example is performed.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which the heating process time ⁇ TH is set so that the heat quantity q1> the heat quantity q2
- FIG. 13 shows the heating process time ⁇ TH set so that the heat quantity q1 ⁇ heat quantity q2. An example of this is shown.
- the heating process time ⁇ TH is set so that the amount of heat q1> the amount of heat q2, the ice crystal generated in the supercooled state grows and the freezing progresses every time the cycle progresses. Freezing is complete. Specifically, at time Tf when the temperature of the food becomes equal to or lower than the freezing point ⁇ f, the food is released from supercooling, fine ice crystals are generated, and freezing is started. Next, at time TL, the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 is switched to the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H, and melting of fine ice crystals in the food is started. When the time from the time Tf to the time TL is short, the food is returned to a state equivalent to the non-frozen state at the time TH when the temperature raising process is completed.
- the food starts freezing without entering the supercooling state and enters a phase change state at time Tf1 when the temperature of the food becomes equal to or lower than the freezing point ⁇ f.
- the heating step time ⁇ TH is set so that the amount of heat q1> the amount of heat q2
- the amount of heat q1 that progresses freezing is greater than the amount of heat q2 that melts the ice crystals.
- the freezing of the food proceeds and the freezing is completed at any point. That is, when the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is set so that the amount of heat q1> the amount of heat q2, it becomes difficult to prevent the progress of freezing of the supercooled food.
- FIG. 13 shows a case where the heating process time ⁇ TH is set so that the heat quantity q1 ⁇ heat quantity q2, and more specifically, for example, taking into account the heat quantity q0 released by food such as food when the supercooling is released.
- Q0 + q1 ⁇ q2 is shown when the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is set.
- the amount of heat q0 corresponds to the third amount of heat of the present invention, and is obtained by the following equation (5), for example.
- ⁇ T is the temperature at which the supercooling is released
- W is the moisture content of the food
- Cp is the heat capacity of water.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH so as to satisfy q0 + q1 ⁇ q2
- the amount of heat q1 becomes the amount of heat released by the food whose temperature is constant at the freezing point ⁇ f during the low temperature maintaining step.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is lengthened, and the average temperature of the food is inevitably increased.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL and the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH are set in consideration of the allowable freezing time and the heat quantity balance of the object to be cooled, and periodic temperature control is performed. Specifically, the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set within an allowable freezing time, and the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is set so that the amount of heat q1 for proceeding freezing and the amount of heat q2 for melting ice crystals are balanced. Is done. Thereby, the object to be cooled such as food can be returned to the same state as the supercooled state without melting the ice crystals completely, and the average temperature during the storage period of the object to be cooled can be lowered. Therefore, the refrigerator 1 in the present embodiment can prevent the object to be cooled from being completely frozen without adversely affecting the object to be cooled.
- the object to be cooled in the low temperature chamber 13 can be brought into a supercooled state by having the introduction step and the low temperature maintenance step in the low temperature step. Further, in the temperature raising step, by controlling the damper 17 to raise the temperature of the low temperature chamber 13, a heat source for raising the temperature becomes unnecessary, and an increase in the number of parts and power consumption can be prevented.
- Embodiment 2 the refrigerator 1A according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
- the refrigerator 1A according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the refrigerator 1A includes heating means for heating the low temperature chamber 13 to raise the temperature.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the refrigerator compartment 100A of the refrigerator 1A according to the second embodiment.
- a heater 18 is embedded as a heating means for heating the low temperature chamber 13 to raise the temperature by being below the low temperature chamber 13 and on the bottom surface of the refrigerating chamber 100A. By installing the heater 18 below the low temperature chamber 13, the temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 can be increased efficiently.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a control configuration of the refrigerator 1A in the present embodiment.
- the heater 18 is controlled by the control device 7.
- the control device 7 is based on the detection signal from the temperature sensor including the temperature sensors 14 and 15, the detection signal from the door opening / closing detection switch 9, and the operation signal from the operation unit 61 of the operation panel 6.
- the cooling device is controlled according to an operation program stored in advance so that the chambers 13, the switching chamber 200, the ice making chamber 300, the freezing chamber 400, and the vegetable chamber 500 are maintained at set temperatures.
- the cooling device includes, for example, a compressor 2, a blower fan 4, a damper including dampers 16 and 17, and a heater 18.
- the control device 7 controls the damper 17 and heats the heater 18 so that the temperature in the low temperature chamber 13 detected by the temperature sensor 15 becomes the temperature rise setting temperature ⁇ H in the temperature raising step. And control stop.
- the temperature of the low-temperature chamber 13 can be efficiently raised by performing the temperature rise control using the heater 18 in the temperature raising step. Can do.
- the control device 7 is described as controlling the heater 18 in addition to the control of the damper 17 in the temperature raising step, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the control device 7 may raise the temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 by controlling only the heater 18 without controlling the damper 17 in the temperature raising step.
- the heating means is not limited to the heater 18 and may be a heat exchanger or a Peltier element.
- the time ⁇ TH is set.
- the heating process time ⁇ TH may be obtained so that the heat quantity q1 ⁇ the heat quantity q2 and the heat quantity q2 ⁇ (heat quantity q0 + heat quantity q1) is satisfied.
- the object to be cooled of the present invention is not only a food, but is collected from the natural world such as raw meat of small animals that are not edible, or raw meat of laboratory animals such as cloned animals, etc. Includes everything that can be stored in
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1における冷蔵庫1の概略構成を示す正面図である。図2は、実施の形態1における冷蔵庫1の概略構成を示す縦断面図である。なお、図1および図2を含む以下の図面では、各構成部材の寸法の関係や形状等が実際のものとは異なる場合がある。また、明細書中における各構成部材同士の位置関係(例えば、上下関係等)は、原則として、冷蔵庫1を使用可能な状態に設置したときのものである。
図2に示すように、冷蔵庫1は、前面(正面)が開口されて内部に貯蔵空間が形成された断熱箱体90を備える。断熱箱体90は、鋼鉄製の外箱と、樹脂製の内箱と、外箱と内箱との間の空間に充填された断熱材と、から構成される。断熱箱体90の内部に形成された貯蔵空間は、複数の仕切り部材によって、食品等の被冷却物が保存される複数の貯蔵室に区画されている。図1および図2に示すように、本実施の形態の冷蔵庫1は、複数の貯蔵室として、最上段に配置される冷蔵室100と、冷蔵室100の下方に配置される切替室200と、切替室200の側方に隣接して配置される製氷室300と、切替室200および製氷室300の下方に配置される冷凍室400と、冷凍室400の下方に配置される最下段の野菜室500と、を備えている。切替室200は、冷凍温度帯(例えば-18℃程度)、冷蔵温度帯(例えば3℃程度)、チルド温度帯(例えば0℃程度)、ソフト冷凍温度帯(例えば-7℃程度)等の各種温度帯に、保冷温度帯を切り換えることができる。なお、冷蔵庫1が備える貯蔵室の種類および数はこれらに限定されるものではない。
次に、本実施の形態の冷蔵庫1における低温室13の温度制御について説明する。図5は、本実施の形態における制御装置7による低温室13の温度制御に関連する機能ブロック図である。また、図6は、本実施の形態における温度制御を実施した場合の低温室13の設定温度θsおよび庫内温度θの経時変化を示すグラフである。図6に示すように、本実施の形態の制御装置7は、低温室13の庫内温度θを、被冷却物の凍結点θfよりも低い温度まで低下させる低温工程と、被冷却物の凍結点θfよりも高い温度まで上昇させる昇温工程とを繰り返し実施する。
低温工程時間ΔTLは、簡易的な実験から求められる下記の条件を満たすように設定される。まず、導入工程における冷却速度は、食品等のような被冷却物を過冷却状態に突入させることができるように設定される。例えば、低温設定温度θLを-3℃とした場合において、1℃当たりの冷却時間を35分以上とすると、被冷却物が極めて高い確率で過冷却状態に突入することが実験からわかっている。そこで、このような条件を満たすように、導入工程の冷却速度が任意に設定される。これにより、図8に示すように、低温工程を開始してから、すなわち、導入工程を開始してから被冷却物の凍結点θfに到達するまでの時間ΔTf1と、導入工程を終了するまでの時刻TL1とが決定される。そして、低温工程時間ΔTLは、時刻TL1<時刻TLを満たすように設定される。
また、図9から、生成した氷結晶をすべて融解させなくても、過冷却解除の直後、もしくは数時間以内の状態にまで復帰させることにより、実質的には非凍結状態と同等の状態を維持できることがわかる。そのため、低温工程時間ΔTLを被冷却物の凍結が認識されるまでの許容凍結時間(例えば8時間)以下に設定することにより、昇温工程において、発生した氷結晶を確実に融解する必要がない。ただし、凍結をこれ以上進行させないためには、低温工程と昇温工程とで熱量のバランスをとる必要がある。そのため、低温工程と昇温工程とで熱量のバランスをとることができるように、昇温工程時間ΔTHが設定される。
次に、本実施の形態の温度制御を実施した場合の被冷却物(例えば食品)の温度推移について説明する。図10および図11は、本実施の形態の温度制御を実施した場合の低温室13の設定温度、庫内温度および食品温度の経時変化を示すグラフである。また、図10は、低温工程において食品が過冷却解除されなかった場合の例を示し、図11は低温工程において食品が過冷却解除された場合の例を示す。
次に、本発明の実施の形態2における冷蔵庫1Aについて説明する。実施の形態2の冷蔵庫1Aは、低温室13を加熱して昇温させる加熱手段を備える点において、実施の形態1と相違する。
Claims (12)
- 被冷却物が収容される貯蔵室と、
前記貯蔵室内へ冷気を供給する冷却装置と、
前記冷却装置を制御し、第1の時間の間、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い第1の温度まで低下させる第1の工程と、第2の時間の間、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い第2の温度まで上昇させる第2の工程と、を繰り返し実施する制御装置と、を備え、
前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い間における、前記凍結点と前記貯蔵室内の温度との差の時間積分値と、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い間における、前記貯蔵室内の温度と前記凍結点との差の時間積分値とが等しい冷蔵庫。 - 被冷却物が収容される貯蔵室と、
前記貯蔵室内へ冷気を供給する冷却装置と、
前記冷却装置を制御し、第1の時間の間、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い第1の温度まで低下させる第1の工程と、第2の時間の間、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い第2の温度まで上昇させる第2の工程と、を繰り返し実施する制御装置と、を備え、
前記第2の時間は、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い間における、前記凍結点と前記貯蔵室内の温度との差の時間積分値と、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い間における、前記貯蔵室内の温度と前記凍結点との差の時間積分値とが等しくなるような時間である冷蔵庫。 - 被冷却物が収容される貯蔵室と、
前記貯蔵室内へ冷気を供給する冷却装置と、
前記冷却装置を制御し、第1の時間の間、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い第1の温度まで低下させる第1の工程と、第2の時間の間、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い第2の温度まで上昇させる第2の工程と、を繰り返し実施する制御装置と、を備え、
前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い間における第1の熱量が、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い間における第2の熱量未満であって、且つ前記第2の熱量が、前記第1の熱量と第3の熱量との合計値未満であり、
前記第1の熱量は、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い間における、前記凍結点と前記貯蔵室内の温度との差の時間積分値であり、
前記第2の熱量は、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い間における、前記貯蔵室内の温度と前記凍結点との差の時間積分値であり、
前記第3の熱量は、前記被冷却物が過冷却解除したときの前記貯蔵室内の温度と前記第2の温度との差から求められるものである冷蔵庫。 - 被冷却物が収容される貯蔵室と、
前記貯蔵室内へ冷気を供給する冷却装置と、
前記冷却装置を制御し、第1の時間の間、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い第1の温度まで低下させる第1の工程と、第2の時間の間、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い第2の温度まで上昇させる第2の工程と、を繰り返し実施する制御装置と、を備え、
前記第2の時間は、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い間における第1の熱量が、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い間における第2の熱量未満であって、且つ前記第2の熱量が、前記第1の熱量と第3の熱量との合計値未満となるような時間であり、
前記第1の熱量は、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも低い間における、前記凍結点と前記貯蔵室内の温度との差の時間積分値であり、
前記第2の熱量は、前記貯蔵室内の温度が前記被冷却物の凍結点よりも高い間における、前記貯蔵室内の温度と前記凍結点との差の時間積分値であり、
前記第3の熱量は、前記被冷却物が過冷却解除したときの前記貯蔵室内の温度と前記第2の温度との差から求められるものである冷蔵庫。 - 前記第1の時間は、前記被冷却物の凍結が認識されるまでの許容凍結時間以下の時間である請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。
- 前記許容凍結時間は、前記第1の温度に応じて予め定められるものである請求項5に記載の冷蔵庫。
- 前記許容凍結時間は、前記第1の温度が-3℃に設定された場合、8時間である請求項6に記載の冷蔵庫。
- 前記許容凍結時間は、前記被冷却物を切断した場合の破断ピーク数が凍結開始時に比べて多い時間である請求項5~7の何れか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。
- 前記第1の工程は、
前記第1の温度に至るまで、前記貯蔵室内の設定温度を段階的に低下させる導入工程と、
前記導入工程後に、前記貯蔵室内の設定温度を前記第1の温度に維持する低温維持工程と、を含む請求項1~8の何れか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。 - 前記冷却装置は、前記貯蔵室内に供給される冷気の風量を調整するダンパを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の工程において、前記ダンパを制御し、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記第2の温度まで上昇させるものである請求項1~9の何れか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。 - 前記貯蔵室内を加熱する加熱手段をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の工程において前記加熱手段を制御し、前記貯蔵室内の温度を前記第2の温度まで上昇させるものである請求項1~9の何れか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。 - 前記第1の温度は、-4℃~-2℃の範囲に設定されるものである請求項1~11の何れか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。
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SG11201609337QA SG11201609337QA (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-15 | Refrigerator |
NZ726081A NZ726081A (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-15 | Refrigerator |
MYPI2016704226A MY191319A (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-15 | Refrigerator |
CN201580024968.0A CN106461304B (zh) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-15 | 冰箱 |
AU2015262506A AU2015262506B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-15 | Refrigerator |
TW104115999A TWI555958B (zh) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | refrigerator |
HK17105266.7A HK1231544A1 (zh) | 2014-05-20 | 2017-05-24 | 冰箱 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI555958B (zh) | 2016-11-01 |
CN106461304A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
AU2015262506A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
TW201612481A (en) | 2016-04-01 |
MY191319A (en) | 2022-06-15 |
HK1231544A1 (zh) | 2017-12-22 |
AU2015262506B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 |
CN106461304B (zh) | 2019-03-08 |
JP5847235B2 (ja) | 2016-01-20 |
NZ726081A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
SG11201609337QA (en) | 2016-12-29 |
JP2015218987A (ja) | 2015-12-07 |
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