WO2015149994A1 - Système de batterie comprenant une batterie permettant l'alimentation d'un réseau à haute tension et au moins une unité de commutation destinée à limiter un courant de fuite circulant sur toute l'étendue de la batterie et des raccords haute tension de la batterie et/ou à limiter une tension appliquée sur le réseau haute tension par la batterie par l'intermédiaire des raccords haute tension de la batterie, et procédé correspondant - Google Patents

Système de batterie comprenant une batterie permettant l'alimentation d'un réseau à haute tension et au moins une unité de commutation destinée à limiter un courant de fuite circulant sur toute l'étendue de la batterie et des raccords haute tension de la batterie et/ou à limiter une tension appliquée sur le réseau haute tension par la batterie par l'intermédiaire des raccords haute tension de la batterie, et procédé correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015149994A1
WO2015149994A1 PCT/EP2015/053723 EP2015053723W WO2015149994A1 WO 2015149994 A1 WO2015149994 A1 WO 2015149994A1 EP 2015053723 W EP2015053723 W EP 2015053723W WO 2015149994 A1 WO2015149994 A1 WO 2015149994A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
voltage
fuse
consumer
state
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/053723
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael STEIL
Gergely GALAMB
Andreas Gleiter
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to JP2016550224A priority Critical patent/JP6178519B2/ja
Priority to CN201580002441.8A priority patent/CN105684254B/zh
Priority to KR1020167009336A priority patent/KR101768844B1/ko
Publication of WO2015149994A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015149994A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery system with a for supplying at least two parallel connected consumers of a
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding method for limiting a battery which is designed to supply at least two loads connected in parallel to one another of a high-voltage network and fault current flowing through the high-voltage terminals of the battery and / or for limiting one of the
  • the invention relates to a vehicle with a battery system as mentioned above. State of the art
  • batteries In vehicles (cars) battery systems are used with batteries, each of which can supply a high-voltage network with a high voltage (high voltage). Because of this, the battery cells or battery modules of such batteries are usually connected in series. Such batteries must then deliver even at high power only low currents.
  • the batteries are connected via high-voltage cables with their high-voltage connections, that is, the terminals, via which the battery delivers the high-voltage to the high-voltage network.
  • high-voltage cables both at the positive and at the negative high-voltage connection of the Battery contactors used. By means of the contactors such a battery can be parked or in a faulty functional state (faulty flare) from parking
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 Such a contactor 10 which can be used in the high-voltage lines of a battery is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. The same reference numerals are used for the same components.
  • FIG. 1 shows a closed contactor 10 and in FIG. 2 an open contactor 10.
  • the contactor 10 is a magnetic switch 1 1 with a
  • Control coil 20 is formed.
  • the magnetic switch 1 1 comprises a movable contact bridge 30 and two terminals 40.
  • the contactor 10 closes in a state in which a control current flows through the control coil 20, and opens in a further state in which no current flows through the control coil 20.
  • control coil 20 To generate the control current, the control coil 20 must be supplied with electrical energy, that is, the control coil 20, a suitable supply voltage must be provided.
  • the opening and closing of such contactors 10 is usually carried out by a battery control unit 60 of the battery, in the high-voltage lines, the contactors 10 are used, by the shooter 10 on the
  • Battery controller 60 are supplied with electrical energy. Usually, the low-voltage network of a vehicle used by the energy source 50 is provided by the battery control unit 60
  • Such contactors 10 are usually closed by a high tightening voltage. Thereafter, the current flowing through the coil 20 control current by a pulse width modulated signal or by a reduced
  • a contactor 10 thus requires significantly less electrical power in its closed state If the contactor 10 is nevertheless operated with a higher electrical power, the contact pressure of the contact bridge increases slightly After a certain period of time, the control coil 20 overheats and burns, after which the contactor 10 opens by a spring which closes each time it closes
  • Contactor 10 is biased, and is no longer functional.
  • Such contactors used in the high-voltage lines of a battery can separate currents of about 1 kA to 2 kA in a faulty functional state.
  • fuses fuses
  • the contact bridge 30 presses the two fused terminals 40 together.
  • the material solidifies and the contact bridge 30 can not be opened after switching off the current flowing through the control coil 20 control current. This mistake is called contact adhesive.
  • the two terminals 40 of the contactor 10 are conductively connected to each other and can not be separated. If the contactors 10 are supplied by the low-voltage network of a vehicle with electrical energy and the 12 V low-voltage of the low-voltage network fails, then open the contactors 10 immediately. Also at
  • FIG. 4 shows a battery system 100 known from the prior art with a battery 101 which supplies two consumers 140, 141 of a high-voltage network 103 connected in parallel with their high-voltage connections 130, 131.
  • the battery 101 comprises a plurality of battery modules 102 connected in series for generating a battery voltage suitable for the high-voltage network 103.
  • a contactor 10th arranged in each of the two high-voltage lines 120, 121 of the battery 101.
  • the battery 101 can be connected to its positive high-voltage terminal 130 via one of the two contactors 10 and to its negative high-voltage terminal 131 via the other of the two contactors 10.
  • the positive high-voltage terminal 130 is connected to the consumer path 150, in which the
  • Consumer 140 is arranged, and connected to the consumer path 151, in which the consumer 141 is arranged.
  • Battery system (battery pack) 100 has no center located in it
  • Each consumer 140, 141 is individually secured by an associated fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 of the battery system 100. Both fuses 1 10,
  • a short circuit in one of the consumer paths 150, 151 triggers the fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 arranged in this consumer path 150, 151.
  • the fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 1 arranged in this consumer path 150, 151 In order to de-energize the other consumers 140, 141 and the high-voltage network 103 of the vehicle, then open the two shooters 10th
  • Consumer 141 would be due to the intact functional state located fuse 1 1 1 of the associated load path 151 further under tension.
  • the contactors 10 are welded by a short-circuit current occurring in one of the consumers 140, 141, the other consumer 140, 141 can no longer be disconnected from the power supply and there is a risk of an electrical failure Impact of touching exposed parts on this other consumer 140, 141.
  • the overcharge protection device is designed to short-circuit the battery terminals of this battery in the presence of an overcharged battery. As a result, flows through a arranged between one of the battery cell terminals and the battery fuse such a high, generated by the overcharged battery current that triggers this fuse after a short time.
  • a battery system with a for supplying at least two parallel connected consumers of a
  • High-voltage network trained battery provided.
  • the battery can be connected or connected to one of its high-voltage connections with at least two fuses.
  • one of the at least two fuses is assigned to one of the at least two consumers and associated with the one
  • the battery system comprises at least one switching unit with two switching states, which in a state in which the at least two consumers are connected to the high-voltage terminals of the battery, in a first switching state of the two switching states in which each fuse in the presence of a flowing over the associated consumer Operating current is flowing from this, is connected.
  • the at least one switching unit is provided when triggering one of the at least two fuses from the first switching state to a second switching state of the two switching states in which the at least one
  • Switching unit via the battery, the high-voltage terminals of the battery and any consumer whose associated fuse has not triggered interrupts flowing fault current and / or switches off any of the battery across the high-voltage terminals of the battery and a non-tripped fuse to the high-voltage network applied error voltage to switch.
  • the battery is connected to one of its high-voltage connections with at least two fuses.
  • one of the at least two fuses is assigned to one of the at least two consumers and connected to the assigned consumer.
  • at least one switching unit with two switching states is used. The at least one switching unit is in a state in which the at least two consumers are connected to the high-voltage terminals of the battery, in a first switching state of the two switching states, in which each fuse is flowed through by an operating current flowing through the associated load.
  • the at least one switching unit changes from the first switching state to a second switching state of the two switching states in which the at least one switching unit has not triggered one via the battery, the high-voltage terminals of the battery and each consumer whose associated fuse , interrupts flowing fault current and / or switches off any fault voltage applied by the battery via the high-voltage connections of the battery and a non-tripped fuse to the high-voltage network.
  • the at least one switching unit is provided to interrupt the fault current directly by opening a circuit running across the battery, the high-voltage terminals of the battery and each consumer whose fuse is not tripped.
  • each of the at least two consumers is connected in series with an associated one of the at least two fuses or connectable, so that during a
  • each of the at least two fuses in the presence of a current flowing through the respective associated load operating current is also flowed through by this operating current.
  • Battery system comprises at least one switching unit with two switching states, which is connected during normal operation of the battery system according to the invention in a first switching state. It is the at least one
  • Switching unit designed and arranged such that when it is switched in the first switching state during normal operation of the
  • the at least one switching unit is designed and arranged such that when in one of the at least two
  • the switching unit switches to the second switching state and interrupting via the battery, the high-voltage terminals of the battery and each consumer whose associated fuse has not triggered, flowing fault current and / or any of the battery over the
  • High voltage terminals of the battery and a non-tripped fuse to the high-voltage network applied fault voltage shuts off.
  • the battery with one of its high-voltage terminals is preferably connectable via at least one contactor, which in its conductive switching state of a via the battery and the
  • High voltage terminals interrupt the battery's flowing current.
  • the at least one contactor welded and can not open, it can be on the battery, the high-voltage terminals of the battery and any consumer whose associated fuse has not triggered, the aforementioned
  • Fault current flow For example, if at least one consumer whose associated fuse did not trip is turned off or as a result of a
  • the at least one switching unit is provided by opening a via the battery, the high-voltage terminals of the battery and each consumer, the fuse is not triggered, running circuit through the battery, the high-voltage terminals of the battery and each
  • the battery system according to the invention comprises a single switching unit, which is designed as a pyrotechnic separating element, and a control circuit.
  • the pyrotechnic separating element in the state in which the at least two consumers are connected to the high-voltage terminals of the battery, in its conductive switching state, in which the Separating element in the presence of flowing over the battery and the high-voltage terminals of the battery operating current is flowed through this, switched.
  • the separating element is provided, in the presence of a control signal provided by the control circuit or a control voltage provided by this control of its conductive
  • control circuit is provided to determine the voltage dropping across each of the at least two fuses and to generate the control signal in the presence of a detected voltage which is equal to the tripping voltage occurring when the corresponding fuse is triggered
  • the control circuit To provide separation element or to provide in the presence of a dropping at one of the at least two fuses tripping the separator a corresponding part of the tripping voltage as a control voltage.
  • the voltage drop across each blown fuse (fuse) is utilized by the control circuit in a very simple manner as a trigger for the pyrotechnic separator.
  • the control voltage preferably corresponds to a tripping voltage dropping across each of the at least two fuses.
  • the control circuit is provided, in the presence of one of the at least two
  • control circuit as an application-specific integrated circuit or as a programmable integrated circuit or as
  • Microcontroller or as a semiconductor circuit which preferably comprises a transistor or a Schmitt trigger formed.
  • High-voltage terminals of the battery connected in parallel two consumers connected and the battery system according to the invention has two
  • Switching units which are each designed as a pyrotechnic separating element.
  • a separating element of the two separating elements one Consumers assigned to the two consumers.
  • each separator is in its conductive switching state in which the
  • each separator is intended to switch in its non-conductive switching state in the presence of a falling at the non-associated consumer associated fuse and occurring when triggering this fuse tripping.
  • each separating element is designed to be in the presence of a between the terminals of its control lines
  • the at least one switching unit is provided, by triggering each untriggered fuse that via the battery, the
  • the at least one switching unit is designed as at least one closing element, in particular as at least one pyrotechnic closing element or as at least one contactor. Furthermore, in the state in which the at least two consumers are connected to the high-voltage terminals of the battery, the at least one closing element is connected in its non-conductive switching state in which no current flows through the at least one closing element. Furthermore, the at least one closing element is provided, when triggering one of the at least two fuses in its conductive switching state in which to trigger any untriggered fuse generated by the battery leakage current through the high-voltage terminals of the battery and via the consumer, its associated fuse has triggered that at least one
  • This fault current occurs, for example, when the battery is preferably connected to at least one of its high-voltage terminals via a contactor, which welded as a result of said short circuit and can not open.
  • such a fault current is conducted from the current path passing through each consumer, whose fuse has not tripped, to the current via the consumer, via the at least one switching unit connected in the second switching state Fuse, and redirected across each undelivered fuse.
  • a fault current is redirected by each consumer, whose fuse has not triggered by the consumer whose fuse has triggered is short-circuited by means of at least one switched in the second switching state switching unit. For example, if at least one consumer whose associated fuse has not tripped, turned off or destroyed as a result of an accident, so this is at least a consumer by means of the at least one switched in the second switching state switching unit by the affected by the short circuit
  • a fault current is then diverted from the current path that runs across each operative, switched-on consumer, whose fuse has not triggered, to the current path that runs across the load whose fuse has tripped, and via any untripped fuse.
  • Short circuit triggered fuse a generated by the battery leakage current through the high-voltage terminals of the battery and one via the consumer whose fuse has triggered, the at least one in the second
  • Short circuit affected consumers shorted flows over the affected consumer and the untripped fuses a fault current with a significantly reduced due to the significantly reduced resistance of the consumer also significantly increased current value, which leads after a time to trigger each of the untreated fuses.
  • the fault current is interrupted and / or each of the battery via the high-voltage terminals of the battery and a non-triggered fuse to the high-voltage network applied error voltage, in particular each of the battery via the high-voltage terminals of the battery and a non-triggered fuse
  • the one switched off or destroyed consumer is assigned to the high-voltage network applied fault voltage, and thus disconnected any consumer whose fuse has not yet triggered due to said short circuit, switched off.
  • the at least one closing element is provided, in the presence of at least one of a non-conductive control signal provided by a battery control unit arranged in the battery system Switching state to its conductive switching state.
  • the battery control device is provided to detect the presence of a tripped
  • Fuse preferably based on an evaluation of the at least two fuses each decreasing voltages to detect and the presence of a tripped fuse to generate the at least one control signal and provide the at least one closing element.
  • the method according to the invention preferably comprises the functional features of the battery system according to the invention individually or in combination.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle having a
  • a significant advantage of the invention is that in a battery system according to the invention, which comprises a battery which is connectable to at least one of its high-voltage terminals via a contactor and to whose
  • High-voltage network can be connected, which are each secured by an associated fuse, in the presence of a short circuit, due to the one
  • Protective adhesive of the at least one contactor occurs, which can be separated from the high-voltage network in a very simple manner by the use of at least one switching unit according to the invention via the battery and its high-voltage terminals main circuit. This increases the safety of a battery system according to the invention (battery pack) and ensures its full functionality.
  • An accident vehicle with a battery system according to the invention can therefore be safely touched by rescue workers.
  • FIG. 1 a known in the art contactor in the closed state, the contactor shown in Figure 1 in the open state, the contactor shown in Figure 1 in the presence of levitation, a known from the prior art battery system with a power supply for supplying a high-voltage network Battery, wherein the battery is connectable to at least one of its high-voltage terminals via a contactor shown in Figures 1 to 3, a battery system according to a first embodiment of the invention, wherein the battery system comprises a switching unit according to the invention, which is designed as a pyrotechnic separating element, a battery system according to a second embodiment of the invention, wherein the battery system comprises two switching units according to the invention, each formed as a pyrotechnic separating element, a battery system according to a third embodiment of the invention, wherein the battery system is a Sch Struktureleme invention nt includes
  • FIG. 10 shows the pyrotechnic closing element shown in FIG. 9, which is shown in a state occurring immediately after ignition of the pyrotechnic charge
  • FIG. 5 shows a battery system 100 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the battery system 100 comprises a battery 101 which supplies two consumers 140, 141 of a high-voltage network 103 connected in parallel to their high-voltage connections 130, 131.
  • the battery 101 comprises a plurality of battery modules 102 connected in series for generating a battery voltage suitable for the high-voltage network 103.
  • a contactor 10 is arranged in each of the two high-voltage lines 120, 121 of the battery 101.
  • the battery 101 can be connected to its positive high-voltage terminal 130 via one of the two contactors 10 and to its negative high-voltage terminal 131 via the other of the two contactors 10.
  • the positive high-voltage connection 130 is connected to the consumer path 150, in which the consumer 140 is arranged, and to the consumer path 151, in which the consumer 141 is arranged.
  • each consumer path 150, 151 is in each case a corresponding consumer 140, 141 associated
  • Fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 arranged. Both fuses 1 10, 1 1 1 are directly connected to the high-voltage terminal 130.
  • a short circuit in one of the consumer paths 150, 151 triggers the fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 arranged in this consumer path 150, 151.
  • short-circuit currents of, for example, more than 12,000 A can occur.
  • a high short-circuit current can occur, for example, when in the
  • High-voltage terminals 130, 131 extending main circuit (main current path) 104 of the battery 101 is arranged.
  • Control circuit (control electronics) 160 which is designed for example as a control unit passed.
  • the pyrotechnic separating element 155 can be controlled by the control circuit 160, for example via the control line 161. Now burns one of the fuses 1 10, 1 1 1, so arises at this moment a high voltage drop across this fuse 1 10, 1 1 1. This voltage drop triggers electrically or electronically in the control circuit 160 in turn the ignition of the pyrotechnic separation element 155. After that
  • the pyrotechnic separating element 155 has separated the main circuit 104 of the battery 101, the battery 100 is disconnected from the high-voltage network 103, which is for example the high-voltage network of a vehicle. In this case would be such
  • control circuit 160 reacts to changes in the voltage drops
  • Voltage drop U 1 which corresponds approximately to the battery voltage (battery pack voltage). In this case, the voltage drops via further contact resistances in these via the battery 101, the high-voltage terminals 130, 131 and the consumers 140, 141 extending circuits are negligible.
  • the pyrotechnic separation element 155 preferably directly from.
  • control circuit 160 is constructed as a hardware-related circuit.
  • the control circuit 160 comprises an ASIC module (not shown separately) or an FPGA module (not shown separately), which directly read in the voltage drops U 1, U 2 via the fuses 1 10, 1 1 1 and burns one of them
  • Fuses 1 10, 1 1 1 generate the control signal (trigger pulse or ignition signal) to trigger the pyrotechnic separation element 155.
  • the advantage of using such a hardware-near circuit is the extremely fast response time of these devices as compared to the response time of an ordinary one
  • the control circuit 160 may preferably include a microcontroller (not shown separately) which reads in and evaluates the voltage drops U 1, U 2 and generates the control signal (triggering pulse or ignition signal) for triggering the pyrotechnic separating element 155 when one of the fuses 1 10, 1 1 1 burns out ,
  • control circuit 160 is constructed of a pure semiconductor circuit.
  • the semiconductor circuit comprises a voltage divider (not shown separately), which divides the voltages U 1, U 2 dropping at the fuses 1 10, 1 1 1.
  • a transistor (not shown separately) is preferred at this voltage divider
  • control voltage supply voltage
  • pyrotechnic separator 155 by.
  • more preferably elements such as a Schmitt trigger may be used at the location of a single transistor.
  • FIG. 6 shows a battery system 100 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the battery system 100 according to the second embodiment of the invention instead of the individual pyrotechnic separation element 155 and the control circuit 160, two individual pyrotechnic separation elements 170, 180. Again, each consumer 140 , 141 be formed as an inverter.
  • Each pyrotechnic separating element (pyroswitch) 170, 180 is arranged in a respective associated consumer path 150, 151. Everybody points out
  • Connections are as main connections (main contacts) of each pyrotechnic
  • the two main connections of each pyrotechnic separating element 170, 180 are respectively integrated in the associated consumer path 150, 151.
  • each pyrotechnic Separating element 170, 180 If at the two driving terminals each pyrotechnic Separating element 170, 180, a predetermined voltage or a predetermined current is applied, provides an arranged in the respective partition member 170, 180 initiator (not shown separately) for a pressure build-up in the chamber of the respective separating element 170, 180, which leads to a mechanical separation of between the main terminals of the affected separating element 170, 180 extending and located within the corresponding separating element 170, 180 current paths (not shown separately) leads. With a mechanical disconnection of the internal, within each one
  • Trennettis 170, 180 located current paths, is also the one
  • Control terminals of located in the consumer path 150 are Control terminals of located in the consumer path 150
  • control lines 181, 182 on the two sides of the located in the consumer path 150 fuse 1 10 are arranged.
  • a short circuit occurs as a result of the shooter 10, for example, because of a occurred in the contactor 10 contactor not or not open in time and at the same time triggers the fuse 1 10 drops over the fuse 1 10, the voltage U1, which is in the order of the total battery voltage (battery pack voltage).
  • the voltage drop U1 at this tripped fuse 1 10 leads to a flow of current in the control lines 181, 182 of the pyrotechnic separating element 180, which is located in the consumer path 151 of the consumer 141, which was not affected by the short circuit.
  • This current flow also leads to an activation of the corresponding pyrotechnic separating element 180, which interrupts the consumer path 151 of the consumer 141 in its activated state.
  • the consumer 141 is switched voltage-free (de-energized). If, for example, in the consumer 141, which is for example also designed as an inverter, a short circuit occurs, as a result of which the shooter 10, for example, because of a occurred in the contactor 10 contactor not or not open in time and simultaneously triggers the other fuse 1 1 1 falls via this fuse 1 1 1 from the voltage U2, which is also in the order of the total battery voltage (battery pack voltage). The voltage drop U2 at this triggered fuse 1 1 1 leads to a flow of current in the
  • Control lines 171, 172 of the pyrotechnic separation element 170 which is located in the consumer path 150 of the consumer 140, which was not affected by the short circuit in this case. This current flow leads to an activation of the corresponding pyrotechnic separating element 170, which interrupts the consumer path 150 of the consumer 140 in its activated state. Thus, the consumer 140 is switched voltage-free (de-energized).
  • the voltage drop U1, U2 over a blown fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 1 is used in each case to ignite the corresponding one of the two pyrotechnic separating elements 170, 180. If fuse 1 10 burns out, it will burn out
  • an ohmic resistance is used to limit the current flowing through the drive lines 171, 172 when the fuse 11 is blown through
  • High-voltage network 103 which is for example the high-voltage network 103 of a vehicle, is passed, although located in the consumer path 151 of the consumer 141 fuse 1 1 1 is burned and this consumer path 151th has separated.
  • an ohmic resistance (not shown separately) or alternatively a fuse (not separately shown) is installed in the drive lines 181, 182.
  • a fuse not separately shown
  • Control lines 181, 182 leads to the fact that the control lines 181, 182 are each not subjected to excessive thermal stress. This also prevents that after the ignition of the pyrotechnic separating element 180 on the
  • Control lines 181, 182 a dangerous voltage to the consumer 140 and so to the high-voltage network 103, which is, for example, the high-voltage network 103 of a vehicle, is passed, although located in the consumer path 150 of the consumer 140 fuse 1 10 is burned and this consumer path 150 separated.
  • Such pyrotechnic separating elements are in the low-voltage network
  • Airbag control unit are activated.
  • the disadvantage here is that the pyrotechnic separating elements used in this way can separate only low currents at high voltages.
  • FIG. 7 shows a battery system 100 according to a third embodiment of the invention
  • a single closing element 190 which is opened in its non-activated state and can not conduct electricity and in its activated state is closed and can conduct a current.
  • closure member 190 is shown in its non-activated state, that is, in its open state.
  • the closing element 190 is at one of its two terminals with that connection in the
  • Consumer path 150 arranged fuse 1 10 which is connected directly to the arranged in the consumer path 150 consumer 140, and on the another of its two terminals connected to that terminal of the arranged in the other consumer path 151 fuse 1 1 1, which is connected directly to the other in the consumer path 151 arranged consumer 141.
  • each consumer 140, 141 may be formed as an inverter.
  • the closing element 190 is preferably arranged on the vehicle side opposite the fuses 11, 11 of the two consumer paths 150, 151. This closing element 190 is normally open. Preferred at
  • Consumer 140 and the unaffected by the short circuit consumer 141 associated fuse 1 1 1 1 as long as a current until the fuse 1 1 1 triggers.
  • the consumer 141 not affected by the short circuit or the circuit of the consumer 141 not affected by the short circuit can be de-energized.
  • the closing element 190 is also when a
  • Short circuit in the other consumer 141 as a result of which the other consumer 141 associated fuse 1 1 1 triggers activated. If the contactors 10 weld as a result of this short circuit, flows through the activated
  • the consumer 140 not affected by the short circuit or the circuit of the consumer 140 not affected by the short circuit can be de-energized.
  • all the dangers for example, when touching exposed open components (parts) of a consumer 140, 141 not affected by the short circuit, at which dangerously high voltages applied, or by overcharging the battery via the circuit of a consumer 140 not affected by the short circuit , 141 occur, are excluded.
  • the most dangerous situation can occur when the battery 100 over the circuit of a consumer 140 not affected by the short circuit,
  • the contactors 10 can weld when a short circuit occurs in one of the consumers 140, 141, as a result of which a high short-circuit current of usually greater than 3 kA to 7 kA arises. If that's the case, trigger the corresponding one
  • Fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 immediately after within a few milliseconds.
  • the voltage drop across fuse 1 10 has been marked U 1 and the voltage across fuse 1 1 1 has been marked U 2.
  • Preferred is by a battery control device (not shown separately) of the
  • Battery system 100 the presence of a tripped fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 and / or at least one bonded contactor 10 detected. More preferably, by the battery control device in the presence of a tripped fuse 1 10, 1 1 1 and / or at least one bonded contactor 10, the closing element according to the invention (closing unit) 190 is activated.
  • Locking elements can basically be designed as normal switches.
  • Closing element (clamping unit) 190 Special designs.
  • the invention
  • Closing element may preferably be formed as a contactor, which is open in the non-activated state (normaly open) and by applying a
  • the closing element 190 according to the invention may preferably be formed as a conventional pyrotechnic closing device, in which a bolt is accelerated by a pyrotechnic charge and the thus accelerated bolt short-circuits two bus bars.
  • FIG. 8 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the battery system 100 according to the invention according to the third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is through a plurality of arrows illustrates the flow of current that occurs when a short circuit in the consumer 140, as a result of which this consumer 140 associated fuse 1 10 and weld the contactors 10 of the battery system 100, occurs in the battery system 100 after the closure member 190 has been activated.
  • a current flows through the battery 101, the high-voltage terminals 130, 131 of the battery 101, the activated closing element 190, the consumer 140 affected by the short circuit and the fuse 1 1 1 which is not affected by the short circuit until the Fuse 1 1 1 triggers.
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 show a closing element 190 according to the invention, which is designed as a pyrotechnic closing element (PCD) 191
  • PCD pyrotechnic closing element
  • the pyrotechnic closing element 191 is shown in a state in which the pyrotechnic charge 210 of the pyrotechnic
  • Closing element 191 is ignited by means of an ignition signal 200.
  • FIG. 8 also shows the busbars 230, 231 of the pyrotechnic closing element 191, which are not yet short-circuited by the bolt 220 of the pyrotechnic closing element 191.
  • the pyrotechnic closing element 191 is shown in a state occurring immediately after ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 210, in which the bolt 220 is accelerated by the pyrotechnic charge 210 and in which the busbars 230, 231 are not yet separated from the bolt 220 of FIG. 10
  • pyrotechnic closing element 191 are short-circuited.
  • the pyrotechnic closing element 191 is shown in a further state occurring after ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 210, in which the bolt 220 accelerated by the pyrotechnic charge 210 has short-circuited the bus bars 230, 231.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de batterie (100) comprenant une batterie (101) conçue pour alimenter au moins deux consommateurs (140, 141) d'un réseau haute tension (103) montés en parallèle l'un au-dessous de l'autre, qui est reliée par un de ses raccords haute tension (130, 131) à au moins deux coupe-circuit (110, 111). Respectivement un des deux coupe-circuits (110, 111) ou plus est associé à un des deux consommateurs (140, 141) ou plus et peut être relié au consommateur (140, 141) associé. Le système de batterie (100) comporte au moins une unité de commutation (155) comprenant deux états de commutation, laquelle unité de commutation, dans un état dans lequel les deux consommateurs (140, 141) ou plus sont raccordés aux raccords haute tension (130, 131) de la batterie (101), est commutée dans un premier état de commutation parmi les deux états de commutation, dans lequel chaque coupe-circuit (110, 111), en présence d'un courant de service circulant sur toute l'étendue du consommateur (140, 141) associé, est traversé par ce dernier. Ladite unité de commutation, lors du déclenchement d'un des deux coupe-circuits (110, 111) ou plus, est conçue pour passer du premier état de commutation à un deuxième état de commutation parmi les deux états de commutation, dans lequel la ou les unités de commutation interrompent un courant de fuite circulant sur toute l'étendue de la batterie (101), des raccords haute tension (130, 131) de la batterie (101) et de chaque consommateur (140, 141) dont le coupe-circuit (110, 111) associé ne s'est pas déclenché, et/ou coupe chaque tension de défaut appliquée sur le réseau haute tension (103) par la batterie (101) par l'intermédiaire des raccords de tension (130, 131) de la batterie (101) et d'un coupe-circuit (110, 111) non déclenché.
PCT/EP2015/053723 2014-04-02 2015-02-23 Système de batterie comprenant une batterie permettant l'alimentation d'un réseau à haute tension et au moins une unité de commutation destinée à limiter un courant de fuite circulant sur toute l'étendue de la batterie et des raccords haute tension de la batterie et/ou à limiter une tension appliquée sur le réseau haute tension par la batterie par l'intermédiaire des raccords haute tension de la batterie, et procédé correspondant WO2015149994A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016550224A JP6178519B2 (ja) 2014-04-02 2015-02-23 高電圧ネットワークに電力供給するためのバッテリ、並びに、バッテリ及びバッテリの高電圧端子を介して流れるエラー電流を制限し及び／又はバッテリによってバッテリの高電圧端子を介して高電圧ネットワークへと印加されるエラー電圧を制限するための少なくとも１つの切り替えユニットを備えたバッテリシステム
CN201580002441.8A CN105684254B (zh) 2014-04-02 2015-02-23 电池***、限制故障电流和/或故障电压的方法和车辆
KR1020167009336A KR101768844B1 (ko) 2014-04-02 2015-02-23 배터리 및 배터리의 고전압 단자들을 통해 흐르는 잔류 전류를 제한하기 위한 및／또는 배터리로부터 배터리의 고전압 단자들을 통해 고전압 네트워크에 인가된 전압을 제한하기 위한 적어도 하나의 스위칭 유닛 및 고전압 네트워크를 공급하기 위한 배터리를 구비한 배터리 시스템 및 상응하는 방법

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014206270.5A DE102014206270A1 (de) 2014-04-02 2014-04-02 Batteriesystem mit einer Batterie zum Versorgen eines Hochvoltnetzes und mindestens einer Schalteinheit zum Begrenzen eines über die Batterie und die Hochvoltanschlüsse der Batterie fließenden Fehlerstromes und/oder zum Begrenzen einer von der Batterie über die Hochvoltanschlüsse der Batterie an das Hochvoltnetz angelegten Spannung und entsprechendes Verfahren
DE102014206270.5 2014-04-02

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WO2015149994A1 true WO2015149994A1 (fr) 2015-10-08

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JP (1) JP6178519B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101768844B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105684254B (fr)
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WO (1) WO2015149994A1 (fr)

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DE102017124567B4 (de) 2017-10-20 2019-07-25 sonnen GmbH Batteriesystem, lokales Stromnetz und Trennschalter
DE102017011039A1 (de) * 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Iie Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Schalten eines mit hoher Spannung aus einer Spannungsquelle betriebenen elektrischen Vebraucherkreises
DE102018207247A1 (de) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Trennvorrichtung für ein Hochvoltbordnetz eines Kraftfahrzeugs, Hochvoltbordnetz sowie Kraftfahrzeug
DE102018106162B4 (de) * 2018-03-16 2020-06-18 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Doppelabsicherung der Modulspeicheranbindung
WO2020102138A1 (fr) 2018-11-13 2020-05-22 Todd Putnam Système de déconnexion rapide de batterie pour circuits à courant élevé
DE102018222123B4 (de) * 2018-12-18 2020-12-03 Vitesco Technologies Germany Gmbh Messsystem 4000
DE102019207537A1 (de) * 2019-05-23 2020-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft System mit zumindest zwei an eine gemeinsame Speiseleitung angeschlossenen und selektiv abschaltbaren Verbrauchern und Verwendung zumindest eines Unterbrechungsschaltglieds mit einer extern aktivierbaren Zündvorrichtung zum sicheren Trennen eines Verbrauchers von einem speisenden elektrischen Netz
FR3098005B1 (fr) * 2019-06-27 2021-07-02 Zodiac Aero Electric Dispositif de protection d’une charge dans un circuit d’électronique de puissance
AT524732B1 (de) * 2021-02-04 2023-02-15 Astotec Automotive Gmbh Schutzschaltung für ein Elektrofahrzeug mit einem Schütz und einem pyrotechnischen Stromtrenner
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KR20160044057A (ko) 2016-04-22
DE102014206270A1 (de) 2015-10-08
CN105684254A (zh) 2016-06-15
CN105684254B (zh) 2018-05-15
KR101768844B1 (ko) 2017-08-17
JP6178519B2 (ja) 2017-08-09
JP2017506492A (ja) 2017-03-02

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