WO2015147187A1 - オレフィン系樹脂、その製造方法およびプロピレン系樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
オレフィン系樹脂、その製造方法およびプロピレン系樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015147187A1 WO2015147187A1 PCT/JP2015/059426 JP2015059426W WO2015147187A1 WO 2015147187 A1 WO2015147187 A1 WO 2015147187A1 JP 2015059426 W JP2015059426 W JP 2015059426W WO 2015147187 A1 WO2015147187 A1 WO 2015147187A1
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- Prior art keywords
- olefin
- propylene
- resin
- group
- polymer
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- RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Al](C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ABIAVOPWHAWUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;2-methanidylpropane Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(C)[CH2-].CC(C)[CH2-] ABIAVOPWHAWUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/04—Polymers provided for in subclasses C08C or C08F
- C08F290/042—Polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/04—Polymers provided for in subclasses C08C or C08F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F110/06—Propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F210/06—Propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
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- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
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- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
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- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
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- C08F2420/01—Cp or analog bridged to a non-Cp X neutral donor
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- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
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- C08F4/65927—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an olefin resin and a method for producing the same, a propylene resin composition containing the olefin resin, and a molded body made of the composition. More specifically, the present invention relates to a propylene-based resin composition from which a molded article having an excellent balance between rigidity and impact resistance is obtained, and an olefin-based resin from which the composition is obtained.
- propylene resin is used in various fields such as daily goods, kitchenware, packaging films, home appliances, machine parts, electrical parts, automobile parts, etc.
- a propylene-based resin composition containing these additives is used.
- 3R Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
- Improvement of the propylene-based resin composition is being promoted so that sufficient rigidity and impact resistance can be obtained even if the molded product is reduced in weight and thickness.
- Polypropylene block copolymers are industrially produced as polypropylene with improved impact resistance and are widely used for the aforementioned applications.
- This block copolymer is also called an impact copolymer or a heterophasic copolymer. That is, in the multi-stage polymerization process, following the homopolymer polymerization, ethylene is copolymerized in a subsequent reaction vessel to produce a composition containing an ethylene-propylene polymer.
- the block copolymer produced in this way has a structure (sea-island structure) in which the “island” of the ethylene-propylene polymer floats in the “sea” of the homopolymer. Excellent impact strength.
- block in this polypropylene block copolymer does not mean “block copolymer”. That is, the polypropylene block copolymer does not have a homopolypropylene chain and an ethylene-propylene copolymer chain chemically bonded, and can be said to be a two-stage polymerization composition.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a metallocene catalyst-based propylene block copolymer composition in which an ethylene content of an ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber part is present in two components, a low content component and a high content component, an elastomer and an inorganic filler.
- a propylene-based resin composition comprising a material is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a propylene block copolymer resin composition containing a high molecular weight propylene / ethylene copolymer rubber.
- the improvement effect is insufficient for further requests for higher rigidity.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for performing multistage polymerization with a catalyst containing a bridged bisindenylzirconocene that generates a vinyl group at the terminal.
- propylene is polymerized in the former stage, and some comonomer and polypropylene are copolymerized in the latter stage, so that a part of the polypropylene having a vinyl structure at the terminal produced in the former stage is main chain in the latter stage polymerization. Is taken in.
- a composition containing a branched propylene copolymer grafted with polypropylene is obtained.
- Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5 disclose a technique for obtaining a branched polymer having a higher molecular weight of the side chain polypropylene by using a crosslinked bisindenyl hafnocene complex-supported catalyst system.
- the techniques of Patent Documents 3 to 5 have a branched polymer in part, unlike the block copolymer. Due to the presence of this branched polymer, the compatibility between the polypropylene part and the rubber part is increased, and a polypropylene composition having characteristics of excellent transparency and high meltability can be obtained.
- Patent Documents 3 to 5 cannot make the melting point of the polypropylene part sufficiently higher than the polypropylene block copolymer obtained by a general-purpose Ziegler-Natta catalyst system, and the comonomer composition and molecular weight of the rubber part. Due to the limitations, a polypropylene resin composition having both sufficient rigidity and impact resistance has not been constructed.
- block polymers including linear and branched types
- an ethylene copolymer and polypropylene are combined, which is excellent in polypropylene resin modification performance, is being promoted.
- Patent Documents 6 and 7 reactive functional groups such as maleic acid, halogen, and detachable metals are introduced into polyolefin, and the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer chain and the crystalline propylene polymer chain are cupped. It can be said that it is a method for obtaining a high content of the target polymer composition by ring reaction.
- the reaction process such as the introduction of a functional group into the polymer and the coupling process is complicated and inferior in productivity, and coloring or off-flavor due to by-products and residual substrates generated in each reaction process, contamination due to elution components, etc. There are concerns that problems may arise in terms of product quality.
- Patent Document 8 reports a method for obtaining a linear block copolymer comprising an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer chain and a crystalline polypropylene chain by using a reversible chain transfer technique.
- this method requires a reversible chain transfer agent, it is not economical and has limited applications.
- a method for economically obtaining a branched copolymer of an ethylene copolymer and polypropylene by using a polymerization catalyst technique is also disclosed.
- Patent Document 9 a branched olefin polymer composition having a main chain soft segment of an ethylene copolymer and a side chain hard segment of polypropylene is useful as a modifier for a polypropylene resin.
- Patent Document 9 discloses a composition containing a graft type olefin polymer having an ethylene polymer as a side chain.
- Patent Document 10 uses a specific polymerization catalyst and is excellent as a thermoplastic elastomer such as an elastic recovery rate.
- a composition containing a graft olefin polymer having a crystalline propylene polymer as a side chain, which is characterized by exhibiting physical properties, is disclosed.
- compositions disclosed in Patent Document 9 and Patent Document 10 include a branched olefin polymer having a crystalline propylene polymer as a side chain
- the disclosed technology has an efficiency in producing a graft olefin polymer. It was found that the balance of physical properties was insufficient when blended with polypropylene resin to form a composition.
- the terminal vinyl-type polypropylene macromonomer produced in the former polymerization is dissolved in the latter polymerization group.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the content of by-products and residual substrates that cause quality problems is low, and the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer chain and the crystalline propylene polymer chain are chemically separated.
- an olefin-based resin containing a high content of bonded polymers which can provide a propylene-based resin composition having an excellent balance between rigidity and impact resistance when formed into a resin composition with polypropylene. Furthermore, it is to provide a production method thereof and a propylene-based resin composition.
- the inventors of the present invention contain a graft-type olefin polymer having a main chain composed of an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer and a side chain composed of a propylene polymer. It has been found that an olefin resin that satisfies the above requirements, a specific method for producing the olefin resin, and a propylene resin composition containing the olefin resin can solve the above-mentioned problems.
- the present invention relates to the following [1] to [12].
- An olefin resin ( ⁇ ) characterized by satisfying the following requirements (I) to (VI).
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) includes a graft olefin polymer [R1] having a main chain composed of an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer and a side chain composed of a propylene polymer.
- Pwt% When the proportion of the propylene polymer contained in the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is Pwt%, P is in the range of 5-60.
- P When the ratio of the component having a differential elution curve peak temperature of less than 65 ° C.
- the melting point (Tm) measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is in the range of 120 to 165 ° C., and the glass transition temperature (Tg) is in the range of ⁇ 80 to ⁇ 30 ° C.
- the insoluble amount of hot xylene is less than 3 wt%.
- the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] measured in decalin at 135 ° C. is in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 dl / g.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) according to the above [1], wherein the proportion of repeating units derived from ethylene is in the range of 20 to 80 mol% with respect to all repeating units.
- the propylene polymer constituting the side chain of the graft olefin polymer [R1] has an isotactic pentad fraction (mmmm) of 93% or more, according to the above [1] or [2] Olefin resin ( ⁇ ).
- Step (B) In the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst containing a bridged metallocene compound represented by the following general formula [B], the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in Step (A), ethylene, and 3 to 3 carbon atoms Copolymerizing at least one ⁇ -olefin selected from 20 ⁇ -olefins;
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group or a silicon-containing group.
- 2 represents a heteroatom-containing group, and two groups adjacent to each other among R 1 to R 4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R 6 and R 11 are the same atom or the same group selected from a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group and a heteroatom-containing group other than a silicon-containing group
- R 7 and R 10 are a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, are the same atoms or the same group selected from heteroatom-containing groups other than silicon-containing group and a silicon-containing group
- R 6 and R 7 may bond to each other to form a ring
- R 10 and R 11 may be bonded to each other to form a ring; provided that R 6 , R 7 , R 10 and R 11 are not all hydrogen atoms.
- R 13 and R 14 each independently represents an aryl group.
- M 1 represents a zirconium atom or a hafnium atom.
- Y 1 represents a carbon atom or a silicon atom.
- Q represents a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a halogenated hydrocarbon group, a neutral conjugated or nonconjugated diene having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, an anionic ligand, or a neutral ligand that can be coordinated by a lone pair of electrons.
- J represents an integer of 1 to 4, and when j is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of Qs may be the same or different.
- a propylene resin composition comprising the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) according to any one of [1] to [6]. [10] 50 to 98 parts by weight of the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) and 2 to 50 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) (the total of the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is 100 parts by weight)
- the propylene-based resin composition according to [9] comprising: [11] The above [9] or [10], wherein the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is obtained by the method for producing an olefin resin ( ⁇ ) according to any of [7] or [8].
- the olefin resin according to the present invention has few by-products and residual substrates that cause quality problems and contains a high content of graft polymer, it is much more polypropylene than existing olefin elastomers and styrene elastomers. High compatibility with resin and significantly improves mechanical properties.
- the olefin resin according to the present invention can be continuously produced preferably using a specific catalyst used in a high temperature solution polymerization system, so that a resin having a desired structure can be produced at a low cost. It becomes.
- the propylene-based resin composition according to the present invention has high rigidity and high impact resistance, and has an excellent balance between rigidity and high impact resistance, it is suitable for various products such as automobile parts, food containers, and medical containers. Can be used for
- FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope image of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -2) obtained in Example 2.
- FIG. 2 is a transmission electron microscope image of the olefin resin (B-1) obtained in Comparative Example 3.
- FIG. 3 is a transmission electron microscope image of the propylene-based resin composition obtained in Example 13.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the correlation between P, E, and a.
- the olefin resin [ ⁇ ] of the present invention may be composed of only one olefin polymer, or may be composed of two or more olefin polymers. It is characterized by satisfying all of (VI).
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) includes a graft olefin polymer [R1] having a main chain composed of an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer and a side chain composed of a propylene polymer.
- the melting point (Tm) measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is in the range of 120 to 165 ° C., and the glass transition temperature (Tg) is in the range of ⁇ 80 to ⁇ 30 ° C.
- Tm melting point
- Tg glass transition temperature
- V glass transition temperature
- V insoluble amount of hot xylene is less than 3 wt%.
- VI The intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] measured in decalin at 135 ° C. is in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 dl / g.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) contains the graft type olefin polymer [R1] as an essential component.
- the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is a graft copolymer having a main chain composed of an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer and a side chain composed of a propylene polymer.
- graft copolymer is a polymer having one or more side chains bonded to the main chain.
- the graft type olefin polymer [R1] has a structure in which a side chain made of a propylene polymer is chemically bonded to a main chain made of an amorphous or low crystalline ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) containing the graft-type olefin polymer [R1] exhibits higher compatibility than the linear structure ethylene / ⁇ olefin copolymer propylene resin. For this reason, the propylene-type resin composition containing olefin resin ((beta)) and the propylene-type resin ((alpha)) mentioned later can express the outstanding physical property balance.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) contains the graft type olefin polymer [R1] having the above structure, a general ethylene elastomer (for example, ethylene / propylene copolymer, ethylene / butene copolymer, ethylene / Octene copolymer) is less sticky and has excellent characteristics of handling of product pellets.
- a general ethylene elastomer for example, ethylene / propylene copolymer, ethylene / butene copolymer, ethylene / Octene copolymer
- the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is a graft copolymer having a main chain and a side chain as described above.
- the main chain and side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] preferably satisfy the following requirements (i) to (iv).
- the main chain is composed of a repeating unit derived from ethylene and a repeating unit derived from at least one ⁇ -olefin selected from ⁇ -olefins having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and is derived from the ⁇ -olefin.
- the ratio of units to be removed is in the range of 10 to 50 mol% with respect to all repeating units contained in the main chain.
- the main chain is derived from an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 200,000.
- the side chain consists essentially of repeating units derived from propylene.
- the side chain is derived from a propylene polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 100,000.
- the main chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is composed of an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- the main chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] has at least one ⁇ -olefin selected from a repeating unit derived from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. -Consisting of repeating units derived from olefins.
- ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms copolymerized with ethylene in the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer include propylene, 1-butene, 2-methyl-1-propene, and 2-methyl.
- ⁇ -olefins having 3 to 10 carbon atoms More preferred are ⁇ -olefins having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- linear olefins such as propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and 1-decene, and 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene
- Examples thereof include branched olefins such as 3-methyl-1-butene, among which propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene and 1-octene are preferable, and 1-butene, 1-pentene and 1-hexene are preferable.
- 1-octene is more preferred.
- the ratio of the repeating unit derived from ethylene in the main chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is in the range of 50 to 90 mol%, preferably 60 to 90 mol%, based on all the repeating units contained in the main chain. Further, the ratio of repeating units derived from ⁇ -olefin is in the range of 10 to 50 mol%, preferably 10 to 40 mol%, based on all repeating units contained in the main chain.
- the relationship between the ratio of repeating units derived from ethylene and ⁇ -olefin and the glass transition temperature (Tg) varies depending on the type of ⁇ -olefin used, but the range of the glass transition temperature (Tg) described in the requirement (IV) is not limited.
- the ratio of the repeating units of ethylene and ⁇ -olefin in the main chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is preferably within the above range.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) Since the ratio of the repeating units derived from ethylene and ⁇ -olefin in the main chain is in the above range, the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) has high flexibility and excellent properties at low temperature. ) -Containing propylene resin composition is excellent in low-temperature impact resistance. On the other hand, when the number of repeating units derived from ⁇ -olefin is less than 10 mol%, the resulting olefin resin is inferior in flexibility and low-temperature properties, so that the propylene-based resin composition containing the resin has low-temperature impact resistance. May be inferior.
- the molar ratio of the repeating units derived from ethylene and ⁇ -olefin in the main chain is controlled by controlling the ratio between the concentration of ethylene and the concentration of ⁇ -olefin present in the polymerization reaction system in the step of producing the main chain. Can be adjusted.
- the molar ratio (mol%) of repeating units derived from the ⁇ -olefin contained in the main chain, that is, the ⁇ -olefin composition in the main chain can be obtained, for example, under conditions that do not contain terminal unsaturated polypropylene described later. It can be obtained by obtaining the ⁇ -olefin composition of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer by a conventional method, or by subtracting the influence derived from the terminal unsaturated polypropylene or side chain from the ⁇ -olefin composition of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ). .
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer constituting the main chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 50,000 to 200,000. In the polypropylene resin composition of the present invention, it is preferably in the range of 100,000 to 200,000 in order to improve resin moldability (fluidity) while maintaining mechanical strength.
- the weight average molecular weight is a polyethylene-converted weight average molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the propylene resin composition containing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) There tends to be a better balance of impact, stiffness and toughness.
- the weight average molecular weight is less than 50000, impact resistance and toughness are lowered, and when it is more than 200000, dispersion to a propylene resin may occur and it may be difficult to obtain a desired physical property balance.
- the weight average molecular weight of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer constituting the main chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] can be adjusted by controlling the ethylene concentration in the polymerization system in the production process described later.
- Examples of the ethylene concentration control method include adjustment of ethylene partial pressure and polymerization temperature.
- the weight average molecular weight of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer constituting the main chain can also be adjusted by supplying hydrogen into the polymerization system.
- the weight average molecular weight of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer constituting the main chain can be determined, for example, by analyzing the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer produced under the condition that does not contain terminal unsaturated polypropylene described later.
- the olefin-based resin ( ⁇ ) is analyzed to subtract the influence derived from the terminal unsaturated polypropylene and the side chain.
- the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is substantially composed of repeating units derived from propylene.
- the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is a propylene polymer having an isotactic regularity consisting essentially of repeating units derived from propylene.
- the propylene polymer consisting essentially of repeating units derived from propylene preferably has a molar ratio of repeating units derived from propylene of 99.5 to 100 mol% with respect to all repeating units contained in the propylene polymer.
- a polymer is shown. That is, a small amount of ⁇ -olefin other than ethylene and propylene may be copolymerized within a range that does not impair its role and characteristics.
- the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is a propylene polymer chain having an isotactic pentad fraction (mmmm) of 93% or more.
- the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] has the above characteristics, the side chain exhibits crystallinity and has a melting point.
- the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is an isotactic polypropylene polymer having a high melting point, the compatibility of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) with the propylene resin is enhanced. For this reason, the resulting propylene-based resin composition maintains good rigidity and hardness while exhibiting good impact resistance.
- the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is produced by copolymerizing terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in step (A) with ethylene and ⁇ -olefin in the production step (B) of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) described later. Obtainable. That is, the composition and stereoregularity of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene correspond to the side chain composition and stereoregularity of the graft-type olefin polymer [R1].
- composition and stereoregularity of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in the step (A) are calculated using a known method, and the composition and stereoregularity are calculated based on the composition of the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] and It can be defined as stereoregularity.
- the side chain is derived from a propylene polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 100,000.
- the graft type olefin polymer [R1] has a structure in which a macromonomer, which is a propylene polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 5000 to 100,000, is bonded to an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- the union site becomes the side chain.
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably in the range of 5000 to 60000, more preferably 5000 to 25000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the propylene polymer constituting the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is in the above range, the compatibility between the propylene polymer and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is increased, and the propylene resin is obtained. And the propylene resin composition containing olefin resin ( ⁇ ) exhibits good impact resistance and elongation at break, and also has good fluidity during injection molding.
- the weight average molecular weight of the propylene polymer constituting the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is smaller than 5000, the interfacial strength with the propylene resin becomes weak, and the elongation and impact resistance of the propylene resin composition are reduced. May decrease.
- the weight average molecular weight of the propylene polymer constituting the side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is larger than 100,000, the fluidity at the time of molding of the resin composition containing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is deteriorated and processed. May cause sexual deterioration.
- the compatibility between the propylene resin and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) decreases, and the tensile elongation and impact resistance of the propylene resin composition containing the propylene resin and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) decrease. In some cases, the surface hardness of the molded body obtained from the propylene-based resin composition is lowered.
- the weight average molecular weight of the propylene polymer constituting the side chain is measured by a conventional method in the same manner as described in “Requirement (iii)” above. You can ask for it.
- the weight average molecular weight in terms of polypropylene of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) can be used as the weight average molecular weight of the propylene polymer constituting the side chain.
- Examples of the method for adjusting the weight average molecular weight of the propylene polymer constituting the side chain include a method for adjusting the polymerization temperature and the polymerization pressure in the production step (A) described later.
- the proportion of the propylene polymer contained in the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) (hereinafter also referred to as the proportion P) is Pwt%, P is in the range of 5 to 60%.
- the propylene polymer contained in the olefin-based resin ( ⁇ ) is a polypropylene side chain incorporated into the main chain and a polypropylene linear polymer not incorporated into the main chain in the polymerization step (B) described later. Indicates the sum.
- the ratio P is preferably 8 to 50 wt%, more preferably 8 to 40 wt%.
- the ratio P is in the above range, the compatibility between the propylene polymer and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is increased, and the impact resistance of the propylene resin composition containing the propylene polymer and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is increased. Elongation at break is expressed well.
- the ratio P is less than 5, the compatibility with the propylene polymer is low, and the resulting propylene-based resin composition may not exhibit good physical properties in impact resistance and elongation at break.
- the ratio P is greater than 60, the resulting propylene-based resin composition may not exhibit good physical properties in terms of low-temperature impact resistance and elongation at break due to the relative content of ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer being small. is there.
- the ratio P can be obtained, for example, from the ratio of the weight of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene used in the polymerization step (B) described later and the weight of the obtained olefin resin ( ⁇ ).
- terminal unsaturated polypropylene means a polypropylene having an unsaturated terminal represented by the following terminal structures (I) to (IV). “Poly” in the terminal structures (I) to (IV) represents a bonding position between the terminal structure and a propylene polymer molecular chain other than the terminal structure.
- the ratio of unsaturated ends in the terminal unsaturated polypropylene is usually 0.1 to 10 per 1000 carbon atoms, more preferably 0.4 to 5.0. Further, the ratio of unsaturated terminals generally represented by terminal structure (I) called terminal vinyl is usually 0.1 to 2.0 per 1000 carbon atoms, preferably 0.4 to 2 In the range of 0.
- the quantification of the unsaturated terminal is determined by determining the terminal structure of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene by 1 H-NMR.
- 1 H-NMR may be measured according to a conventional method.
- the end structure can be assigned according to the method described in Macromolecular Rapid Communications 2000, 1103 and the like.
- the olefin-based resin ( ⁇ ) is a ratio (hereinafter also referred to as a ratio E) of a component having a peak temperature of a differential elution curve of less than 65 ° C.
- the value a (hereinafter also referred to as a value) represented by the following relational expression (Eq-1) is 1.4 or more, preferably 1.6 or more, more preferably 2.2 or more It is.
- the differential elution curve is obtained by differentiating the obtained cumulative elution curve when the elution temperature is in the range of ⁇ 20 ° C. to 140 ° C.
- the component ratio of each elution peak can be obtained by separating each elution peak appearing in the differential elution curve into a normal distribution curve.
- the ratio of soluble components below ⁇ 20 ° C. (the proportion of components not coated in the temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) column even at ⁇ 20 ° C. in the cooling step of CFC measurement) is expressed as E ( ⁇ 20 ° C. ) wt %, E ( ⁇ 65 ° C.
- an infrared spectrophotometer detection wavelength 3.42 ⁇ m is preferably used.
- the total amount is only for the resin obtained through the polymerization step described later, and the separately added resin, additive, etc. It is not included in the total amount.
- olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is a graft olefin polymer [R1], that is, an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer having a propylene polymer portion as a side chain.
- R1 graft olefin polymer
- the amount is included.
- FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the ratio E (wt%), the ratio P (wt%), and the a value.
- the value of the ratio E with respect to the ratio P decreases.
- a large a value indicates that the production efficiency of the graft olefin polymer [R1] is high.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) of the present invention has a value of 1.4 or more.
- olefin elastomers used for polypropylene resin modifiers and the like are composed of ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymers (for example, ethylene / butene copolymers and ethylene / octene copolymers). Is a polymer adjusted to about 90 mol% to 50 mol%. Therefore, the elution component ratio E of the normal ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer is substantially 100%.
- olefin elastomer composed of an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer
- the olefin elastomer is dispersed in the propylene resin and plays a role of improving impact resistance.
- Increasing the blending amount of the olefin-based elastomer improves impact resistance, but decreases the original rigidity and mechanical strength of the propylene-based resin. For this reason, generally, in a polypropylene resin composition, impact strength and rigidity are reciprocal properties.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) contains a high content of graft type olefin polymer [R1] in which a crystalline propylene polymer is chemically bonded to an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer. E is small relative to the content of the olefin copolymer.
- the polypropylene side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] has a good affinity with the propylene resin. It has the characteristic of forming a phase separation structure in which ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer is finely dispersed. At this time, at the interface between the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer and the propylene resin, which are incompatible with each other, the polypropylene side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] becomes a crystal of the propylene resin. It is considered that the effect of entering and increasing the strength of the interface is exhibited.
- a propylene composition blended with an olefin resin ( ⁇ ) containing a high content of graft type olefin polymer [R1] has excellent impact resistance, high rigidity and mechanical strength, and excellent elongation.
- the surface hardness of the obtained molded body is increased, and the composition has a significantly improved balance of physical properties.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) has a melting point (Tm) measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in the range of 120 to 165 ° C. and a glass transition temperature (Tg) in the range of ⁇ 80 to ⁇ 30 ° C. .
- Olefin resin ( ⁇ ) The melting point is preferably 130 to 160 ° C, more preferably 140 to 160 ° C. That is, the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) has a melting peak measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in the range of 120 to 165 ° C., preferably 130 to 160 ° C., more preferably 140 ° C. to 160 ° C.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- the temperature at which the melting peak appears that is, the melting point (Tm) and the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H) to be described later, were obtained by melting the sample once by DSC in the heating step and then crystallizing it by the cooling step to 30 ° C. This is an analysis of the endothermic peak that appears in the temperature raising step (temperature raising rate 10 ° C./min).
- the melting point (Tm) and heat of fusion ( ⁇ H) observed in the above range are mainly attributed to the polypropylene side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] constituting the olefin resin ( ⁇ ).
- the melting point (Tm) is in the above range, and more preferably, the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H) is in the range described later, so that the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) can be satisfactorily compatible with the propylene resin.
- the propylene resin composition containing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) and the propylene polymer has a good balance of rigidity, heat resistance and toughness. Examples of a method for adjusting the melting point (Tm) within the above range include a method for adjusting the polymerization temperature and the polymerization pressure in the production step (A) described later.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is preferably ⁇ 80 to ⁇ 40 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 70 ° C. to ⁇ 50 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) is mainly attributed to the nature of the main chain ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer of the graft olefin polymer [R1].
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the propylene resin composition containing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) exhibits excellent impact resistance.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) within the above range can be obtained by controlling the type and composition of the ⁇ -olefin of the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) has a thermal xylene insoluble amount of less than 3.0 wt%, preferably less than 2.5 wt%, more preferably less than 2.0 wt%.
- the hot xylene insoluble amount is a value calculated by the following method.
- the sample is formed into a sheet having a thickness of 0.4 mm by hot pressing (180 ° C., heating for 5 minutes, cooling for 1 minute) and cut into pieces.
- About 100 mg is weighed, wrapped in a 325 mesh screen, and immersed in 30 ml of p-xylene at 140 ° C. for 3 hours in a sealed container. Next, the screen is taken out and dried at 80 ° C. for 2 hours or more until a constant weight is obtained.
- the thermal xylene insoluble amount (wt%) is represented by the following formula.
- Thermal xylene insoluble amount 100 ⁇ (W3-W2) / (W1-W2)
- W1 Total mass of screen and sample before test
- W2 Mass of screen
- W3 Total mass of screen and sample after test
- the olefin-based resin ( ⁇ ) contains no thermal xylene-insoluble amount. Since it is not contained or is contained in a small amount, it can be dispersed well in the propylene polymer, and as a result, a desired effect is exhibited.
- the amount of the hot xylene insoluble part is 3 wt% or more, an appearance defect called “butsu” may occur in the molded body obtained from the propylene-based resin composition.
- an olefin resin ( ⁇ ) having a thermal xylene-insoluble component in the above range can be obtained by adopting a method of obtaining a graft type olefin polymer directly from the polymerization step.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) has an intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] measured in decalin at 135 ° C. in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 dl / g.
- the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is preferably 1.0 to 4.0 dl / g, more preferably 1.0 to 3.0 dl / g.
- the propylene resin composition containing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) has not only impact resistance but also good rigidity and mechanical strength, and further good molding. Also has processability.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) preferably satisfies one or more of the following requirements (VII) to (XI) in addition to the above requirements (I) to (VI). [Requirement (VII)]
- the proportion of repeating units derived from ethylene in the entire olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is preferably 20 to 80 mol%, more preferably 30 to 80 mol, based on all repeating units contained in the olefin resin ( ⁇ ). %, More preferably 40 to 80 mol%, particularly preferably 40 to 75 mol%.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is an embodiment containing more ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer, and propylene containing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ).
- the system resin composition has good impact resistance and elongation at break.
- the requirement (VIII) is that the elastic modulus is 200 MPa or less.
- the elastic modulus is more preferably 100 MPa or less, and still more preferably 50 MPa or less.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) contains the graft type olefin polymer [R1] and contains abundant ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer sites that are the main chain thereof, so that the flexibility resulting from the copolymer sites is high. have.
- the elastic modulus of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is in the above range, the propylene resin composition containing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) exhibits excellent impact resistance.
- the elastic modulus is a tensile elastic modulus based on ASTM D638.
- Requirements (IX) has a phase separation structure consisting of a sea phase showing an amorphous component and an island phase showing a crystalline component, and the average diameter of the island phase in a transmission electron microscope image is in the range of 50 nm to 500 nm. It is to be.
- the average diameter of the island phase is more preferably 50 nm to 300 nm.
- an olefin resin is put into a kneading molding evaluation apparatus, and melt kneaded at 200 ° C. and 60 rpm for 5 minutes. Using a hydraulic hot press molding machine set at 170 ° C., this olefin resin is preheated for 5 minutes, then molded under 10 MPa pressure for 1 minute, and then cooled at 20 ° C. under 10 MPa pressure for 3 minutes. Thus, a press sheet having a predetermined thickness is prepared.
- the press sheet is made into 0.5 mm square pieces and dyed with ruthenic acid (RuO 4 ). Furthermore, the small piece is made into an ultrathin section having a film thickness of about 100 nm with an ultramicrotome equipped with a diamond knife. Carbon is vapor-deposited on the ultrathin slice and observed with a transmission electron microscope (acceleration voltage 100 kV).
- the average particle size of the island phase can be obtained as the average major axis of the island phase by subjecting the obtained observation image to image processing and image analysis using commercially available image analysis software.
- the propylene-based polymer component is observed as a higher contrast because the intercrystalline amorphous portion of the lamellar structure formed by the component is selectively stained with osmium acid.
- the sea phase is formed from an amorphous or low crystalline ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer, and the island phase is formed from a crystalline propylene polymer. It is a thing.
- the fact that the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer becomes a sea phase indicates that the polymer component is present as a main component. Thereby, impact resistance can be imparted to the propylene-based resin composition.
- the fact that the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) forms a very fine microphase separation structure as described above means that the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is compatible with an amorphous component or a low crystalline component and a crystalline component. It shows that the graft type olefin polymer [R1] that enhances the effect is contained in a high content. Thereby, the physical property balance of the propylene resin composition containing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is remarkably excellent.
- a resin that does not sufficiently contain an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer as a main component may not form an island phase having a distinct phase due to a crystal component, and may form a continuous phase.
- a resin composition having significantly inferior impact resistance can be obtained.
- the fine phase separation structure as described above is It is not formed and a coarse island phase is observed.
- the requirement (X) is that the heat of fusion ⁇ H at the melting peak (Tm) measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is in the range of 5 to 50 J / g.
- the heat of fusion ⁇ H is preferably in the range of 5 to 40 J / g, more preferably 10 to 30 J / g.
- the melting peak (Tm) observed in the above range is a propylene polymer having a side chain composed of a propylene polymer of a graft type olefin polymer [R1] and an unsaturated terminal contained in the olefin resin ( ⁇ ).
- the fact that the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H) is observed in the above range means that the side chain site of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] contained in the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is a considerable amount. It shows that it contains.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) of the present invention the presence of the polypropylene side chain of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] causes less stickiness and exhibits heat-resistant elastomer-like physical properties.
- the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H) when the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H) is below the above range, it means that the proportion of the polypropylene side chain is small, and it has no heat resistance and high stickiness like the linear olefin elastomer. Further, the above-described reforming effect in the propylene system is not sufficient.
- the heat of fusion ( ⁇ H) exceeds the above range, characteristics derived from the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer such as flexibility and low temperature characteristics may be impaired.
- the requirement (XI) is that the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) of the present invention has a proportion of an orthodichlorobenzene soluble component of 50 ° C. or less measured by a cross fractionation chromatograph (CFC) of 50 wt% or less. The ratio is preferably 40 wt% or less.
- the effect due to the inclusion of the graft type olefin polymer [R1] is enhanced, and the stickiness of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is low and handling is performed. Is very good. Furthermore, even in a propylene composition containing an olefin resin ( ⁇ ), it has excellent impact resistance, high rigidity and mechanical strength, excellent elongation, and the surface hardness of the resulting molded body is high, and the balance of physical properties is It is assumed that the composition is further improved.
- the olefin-based resin ( ⁇ ) does not further contain substances that cause coloring, off-flavor, and contamination of the final product.
- substances that cause coloring, off-flavours, and contamination of the final product include heteroatom-containing compounds, and the heteroatom-containing compounds contain halogen atoms such as chlorine atoms and bromine atoms.
- examples thereof include compounds, compounds containing chalcogen atoms such as acid atoms and sulfur atoms, and compounds containing pnictogen compounds such as nitrogen atoms and phosphorus atoms.
- Specific examples of the compound containing an oxygen atom include maleic anhydride and a maleic anhydride reactant.
- Examples of substances that cause coloring, off-flavor, and contamination of the final product include metal atom-containing compounds. Specifically, alkali metal-containing compounds such as sodium and potassium, alkaline earth such as magnesium and calcium, and the like. A metal-containing compound.
- the content of the hetero atom-containing compound is preferably 1000 ppm or less, more preferably 100 ppm or less, and even more preferably 10 ppm or less.
- the content of the metal atom-containing compound is preferably 1000 ppm or less, more preferably 100 ppm or less, and still more preferably 10 ppm or less.
- Step (A) Propylene is polymerized in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst containing a transition metal compound [A] belonging to Group 4 of the periodic table containing a ligand having a dimethylsilylbisindenyl skeleton to produce terminally unsaturated polypropylene.
- Step (B) In the presence of a catalyst for olefin polymerization including a bridged metallocene compound [B] represented by the following general formula [B], the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in Step (A), ethylene, and a carbon atom
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group or a silicon-containing group.
- 2 represents a heteroatom-containing group, and two groups adjacent to each other among R 1 to R 4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R 6 and R 11 are the same atom or the same group selected from a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group and a heteroatom-containing group other than a silicon-containing group
- R 7 and R 10 are a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, are the same atoms or the same group selected from heteroatom-containing groups other than silicon-containing group and a silicon-containing group
- R 6 and R 7 may bond to each other to form a ring
- R 10 and R 11 may be bonded to each other to form a ring; provided that R 6 , R 7 , R 10 and R 11 are not all hydrogen atoms.
- R 13 and R 14 each independently represents an aryl group.
- M 1 represents a zirconium atom or a hafnium atom.
- Y 1 represents a carbon atom or a silicon atom.
- Step (A) is a step of producing terminally unsaturated polypropylene as a raw material for the polypropylene side chain of the graft olefin polymer [R1].
- This step is a step of producing terminally unsaturated polypropylene by polymerizing propylene in the presence of a transition metal compound [A] belonging to Group 4 of the periodic table containing a ligand having a dimethylsilylbisindenyl skeleton.
- the unsaturated terminal of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene means the terminal structures (I) to (IV) described above.
- the proportion of terminal structure (I) in the unsaturated ends is usually 30% or more, preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more.
- the proportion of the terminal structure (I) in the unsaturated terminal is the sum of the numbers of the terminal structures (I) to (IV) present per 1000 carbon atoms contained in the terminal unsaturated polypropylene.
- the ratio of the number of terminal structures (I) present per 1000 carbon atoms to the percentage is expressed as a percentage.
- the transition metal compound [A] functions as a polymerization catalyst for producing terminally unsaturated polypropylene in combination with the compound [C] described later.
- the side chain of the olefin copolymer [R1] is isotactic or syndiotactic terminal unsaturated polypropylene, more preferably isotactic. Tic terminally unsaturated polypropylene is preferred.
- transition metal compound [A] contained in the olefin polymerization catalyst used for producing such a highly stereoregular polypropylene having a terminal structure (I) and a high content of terminal unsaturated polypropylene a transition metal compound [A] can be used.
- -1000579, JP-T-2001-525461, JP-A-2005-336091, JP-A-2009-299046, JP-A-11-130807, JP-A-2008-285443 and the like can be suitably used.
- transition metal compound [A] examples include compounds selected from the group consisting of bridged bis (indenyl) zirconocenes or hafnocenes. More preferred is dimethylsilyl bridged bis (indenyl) zirconocene or hafnocene. More preferably, it is dimethylsilyl-bridged bis (indenyl) zirconocene, and by selecting zirconocene, generation of a long-chain branched polymer caused by insertion reaction of terminal unsaturated polypropylene is suppressed, and olefin-based resin ( ⁇ ) is included.
- the propylene-based resin composition exhibits desired physical properties.
- dimethylsilylbis (2-methyl-4-phenylindenyl) zirconium dichloride or dimethylsilylbis (2-methyl-4-phenylindenyl) zirconium dimethyl can be used as a suitable compound.
- Step (A) can be carried out by any method of gas phase polymerization, slurry polymerization, bulk polymerization, and solution (dissolution) polymerization, and the polymerization form is not particularly limited.
- examples of the polymerization solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane, kerosene, alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclopentane, benzene, toluene, xylene
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene chloride, chlorobenzene, and dichloromethane.
- hexane is preferred from the viewpoint of reducing the load of the post-treatment process.
- the polymerization temperature in step (A) is usually in the range of 50 ° C. to 200 ° C., preferably in the range of 80 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably in the range of 80 ° C. to 130 ° C., and the polymerization temperature is appropriately controlled.
- the polymerization temperature is appropriately controlled.
- the polymerization pressure in the step (A) is usually a normal pressure to 10 MPa gauge pressure, preferably a normal pressure to 5 MPa gauge pressure, and the polymerization reaction may be performed in any of batch, semi-continuous and continuous methods. It can be carried out. In the present invention, among these, it is preferable to employ a method in which a monomer is continuously supplied to a reactor to carry out copolymerization.
- the reaction time (average residence time when copolymerization is carried out in a continuous process) varies depending on conditions such as catalyst concentration and polymerization temperature, but is usually 0.5 minutes to 5 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 3 hours. It is.
- the polymer concentration is 5 to 50 wt%, preferably 10 to 40 wt% during steady operation. From the viewpoint of viscosity limitation in polymerization ability, load of post-treatment process (desolvation) and productivity, the content is preferably 15 to 50 wt%.
- the weight average molecular weight of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in the step (A) is preferably in the range of 5000 to 100,000, more preferably in the range of 5000 to 60000, and still more preferably in the range of 5000 to 25000.
- the molar concentration of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene can be relatively increased with respect to ethylene or ⁇ -olefin in the step (B) described later.
- the efficiency of introduction into the chain is increased.
- the molar concentration of terminal unsaturated polypropylene will become relatively low, and the introduction
- there are practical problems such as a decrease in melting point.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in the step (A) is 1.5 to 3.0, typically about 1.7 to 2.5. In some cases, a mixture of side chains having different molecular weights may be used.
- the proportion of unsaturated ends measured by 1 H-NMR of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in the step (A) is usually 0.1 to 10 per 1000 carbon atoms, more preferably 0.4 to 5.0. Further, the proportion of unsaturated terminals having the terminal structure (I), so-called terminal vinyl amount, is usually 0.1 to 2.0, preferably 0.4 to 2.0, per 1000 carbon atoms. It is in the range. When the amount of terminal vinyl is small, the amount of introduction of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene into the main chain in the subsequent step (B) is low, and the amount of graft-type olefin polymer produced is small, so the desired effect may not be obtained. .
- the amount of the unsaturated terminal and the ratio of each terminal structure by 1 H-NMR measurement can be calculated according to the method described in Macromolecular Rapid Communications 2000, 1103, for example.
- Process (B) In the step (B), in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst containing the bridged metallocene compound [B] represented by the above formula [B], the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in the step (A), ethylene, and a carbon atom
- step (B) it is important to select a catalyst that exhibits sufficient activity at a high temperature and is highly copolymerizable and has a high molecular weight. Since the terminal vinyl polypropylene (the terminal structure (I)) has a methyl branch at the 4-position and has a sterically bulky structure, it is difficult to polymerize compared to a linear vinyl monomer. Moreover, terminal vinyl polypropylene is difficult to be copolymerized under low temperature conditions where the polymer is precipitated. For this reason, the catalyst is preferably required to exhibit a sufficient activity at a polymerization temperature of 90 ° C. or higher and to make the main chain have a desired molecular weight.
- the bridged metallocene compound [B] is preferably used in the step (B).
- the bridged metallocene compound [B] is at least one selected from terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in the step (A) in combination with the compound [C] described later, ethylene, and an ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. It functions as an olefin polymerization catalyst for copolymerizing with the ⁇ -olefin.
- the bridged metallocene compound [B] is structurally provided with the following features [m1] and [m2].
- bridge portion aryl group-containing covalently bonded bridge portion
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group or a heteroatom-containing group other than a silicon-containing group.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are all hydrogen atoms, or one or more of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are methyl groups. The structure is particularly preferred.
- R 5 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group or a heteroatom-containing group other than a silicon-containing group. Or a silicon-containing group is preferable.
- R 6 and R 11 are the same atom or the same group selected from a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group and a heteroatom-containing group other than a silicon-containing group, and the hydrogen atom, the hydrocarbon group, and the silicon-containing group are preferably;
- R 7 and R 10 are a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, are the same atoms or the same group selected from heteroatom-containing groups other than silicon-containing group and a silicon-containing group, a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group and a silicon-containing R 6 and R 7 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and R 10 and R 11 may be bonded to each other to form a ring; provided that “R 6 , R 7 , R 10 and R 11 are not all hydrogen atoms.
- R 6 and R 11 are preferably not both hydrogen atoms; R 6 , R 7 , R 10 and R 11 are all preferably not hydrogen atoms; R 6 and R 11 Are preferably the same group selected from a hydrocarbon group and a silicon-containing group, and R 7 and R 10 are particularly preferably the same group selected from a hydrocarbon group and a silicon-containing group. It is also preferable that R 6 and R 7 are bonded to each other to form an alicyclic ring or an aromatic ring, and R 10 and R 11 are bonded to each other to form an alicyclic ring or an aromatic ring.
- Illustrative and preferred groups of hydrocarbon groups for R 5 to R 12 include, for example, a hydrocarbon group (preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, hereinafter referred to as “hydrocarbon group (f1)”). Or a silicon-containing group (preferably a silicon-containing group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, hereinafter sometimes referred to as “silicon-containing group (f2)”).
- examples of the substituent in the substituted cyclopentadienyl group include heteroatom-containing groups (excluding silicon-containing groups (f2)) such as halogenated hydrocarbon groups, oxygen-containing groups, and nitrogen-containing groups.
- hydrocarbon group (f1) examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an n-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, an n-hexyl group, an n-heptyl group, an n-octyl group, linear hydrocarbon group such as n-nonyl group, n-decanyl group, allyl group; isopropyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, amyl group, 3-methylpentyl group, neopentyl group 1,1-diethylpropyl group, 1,1-dimethylbutyl group, 1-methyl-1-propylbutyl group, 1,1-propylbutyl group, 1,1-dimethyl-2-methylpropyl group, 1- Branched hydrocarbon groups such as methyl-1-isopropyl-2-methylpropyl group; cyclopentyl
- the silicon-containing group (f2) in R 5 to R 12 is preferably a silicon-containing group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a silicon atom is directly covalently bonded to the ring carbon of the cyclopentadienyl group.
- Specific examples include an alkylsilyl group (eg, trimethylsilyl group) and an arylsilyl group (eg, triphenylsilyl group).
- hetero atom-containing group examples include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a phenoxy group, an N-methylamino group, a trifluoromethyl group, a tribromomethyl group, and a pentafluoroethyl group. And pentafluorophenyl group.
- hydrocarbon groups (f1) linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, specifically, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n- Suitable examples include butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl and the like.
- Examples of the substituted fluorenyl group in the case where R 6 and R 7 (R 10 and R 11 ) are bonded to each other to form an alicyclic ring or an aromatic ring include the compounds represented by the following general formulas [II] to [VI].
- a suitable example is a group derived from it.
- R 13 and R 14 each independently represents an aryl group
- Y 1 represents a carbon atom or a silicon atom.
- the important point in the method for producing an olefin polymer is that the bridging atom Y 1 of the bridging portion has R 13 and R 14 which are aryl groups which may be the same or different from each other. From the viewpoint of ease of production, it is preferable that R 13 and R 14 are the same.
- aryl group examples include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, and a group in which one or more of aromatic hydrogen (sp2-type hydrogen) contained in the aryl group is substituted with a substituent.
- substituent include the hydrocarbon group (f1) and the silicon-containing group (f2), a halogen atom, and a halogenated hydrocarbon group.
- aryl group examples include unsubstituted aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, and a biphenyl group; a tolyl group, an isopropylphenyl group, and n-butylphenyl.
- alkyl group-substituted aryl groups such as t-butylphenyl group and dimethylphenyl group; cycloalkyl group-substituted aryl groups such as cyclohexylphenyl group; aryl halide groups such as chlorophenyl group, bromophenyl group, dichlorophenyl group and dibromophenyl group
- aryl halide groups such as chlorophenyl group, bromophenyl group, dichlorophenyl group and dibromophenyl group
- a halogenated alkyl group-substituted aryl group such as (trifluoromethyl) phenyl group and bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl group;
- the position of the substituent is preferably a meta position and / or a para position. Among these, a substituted phenyl group in which the substituent is located at the meta position and / or the para position is more
- Q can be coordinated by a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, a halogenated hydrocarbon group, a neutral conjugated or nonconjugated diene having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, an anionic ligand, or a lone electron pair.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group in Q include a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, 2-methylpropyl group, 1,1-dimethylpropyl group, 2,2-dimethylpropyl group, 1,1- Diethylpropyl group, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl group, 1,1,2,2-tetramethylpropyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, 1,1-dimethylbutyl group, 1,1,3 -A trimethylbutyl group and a neopentyl group can be mentioned.
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a cyclohexyl group, a cyclohexylmethyl group, and a 1-methyl-1-cycl
- Examples of the halogenated hydrocarbon group for Q include groups in which at least one hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group for Q is substituted with a halogen atom.
- M 1 represents a zirconium atom or a hafnium atom, which is preferable in that the hafnium atom copolymerizes terminal unsaturated polypropylene with high efficiency and can be controlled to have a high molecular weight.
- the use of a catalyst having a performance capable of copolymerizing terminally unsaturated polypropylene with high efficiency and controllable to a high molecular weight is important for ensuring high productivity. This is because it is desirable to carry out the reaction under high temperature conditions in order to ensure high productivity, but the molecular weight produced tends to decrease under high temperature conditions.
- octamethyloctahydrodibenzofluorenyl refers to a group derived from a compound having a structure represented by the formula [II]
- octamethyltetrahydrodicyclopentafluorenyl is represented by the formula [III].
- dibenzofluorenyl is a group derived from a compound having the structure represented by the formula [IV]
- 1,1 ′, 3,6,8,8′-hexamethyl- 2,7-dihydrodicyclopentafluorenyl refers to a group derived from a compound having a structure represented by the formula [V]
- 1,3,3 ′, 6,6 ′, 8-hexamethyl-2,7- Dihydrodicyclopentafluorenyl refers to a group derived from a compound having a structure represented by the formula [VI].
- bridged metallocene compound [B] examples include: Diphenylmethylene (cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-ditert-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dichloride, diphenylmethylene (cyclopentadienyl) (3,6-ditert-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dichloride, diphenylmethylene (Cyclopentadienyl) (octamethyloctahydrodibenzofluorenyl) hafnium dichloride, diphenylmethylene (cyclopentadienyl) (octamethyltetrahydrodicyclopentafluorenyl) hafnium dichloride, diphenylmethylene (cyclopentadienyl) ( Dibenzofluorenyl) hafnium dichloride, diphenylmethylene (cyclopentadienyl) (1,1 ′, 3,6,8,8′-he
- bridged metallocene compound [B] a compound obtained by replacing “dichloride” in the above exemplified compounds with “difluoride”, “dibromide”, “diaiodide”, “dimethyl” or “methylethyl”, etc., “cyclopentadienyl” To “3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-cyclopentadienyl”, “3,5-dimethyl-cyclopentadienyl”, “3-tert-butyl-cyclopentadienyl” or “3-methyl-cyclo A compound replaced with “pentadienyl” and the like can also be mentioned.
- the above bridged metallocene compound can be produced by a known method, and the production method is not particularly limited. Examples of known methods include the methods described in WO 01/27124 and WO 04/029062 by the applicant.
- bridged metallocene compound [B] is used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the step (B) can be carried out in solution (dissolution) polymerization, and the polymerization conditions are not particularly limited as long as a solution polymerization process for producing an olefin polymer is used. However, the step (B) has a step of obtaining the following polymerization reaction solution. Is preferred.
- the step of obtaining a polymerization reaction liquid is a method in which an aliphatic hydrocarbon is used as a polymerization solvent and R 13 and R 14 bonded to the bridged metallocene compound [B], preferably Y 1 in the general formula [B] are In the presence of a metallocene catalyst which is a phenyl group or a phenyl group substituted by an alkyl group or a halogen group, and R 7 and R 10 include a transition metal compound having an alkyl substituent, ethylene, 3 to
- This is a step of obtaining a polymerization reaction solution of a copolymer of 20 ⁇ -olefin and the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in the step (A).
- step (B) the terminal unsaturated polypropylene produced in step (A) is fed to the reactor in step (B) in the form of a solution or slurry.
- the feeding method is not particularly limited. Even if the polymerization solution obtained in step (A) is continuously fed to the reactor in step (B), the polymerization solution in step (A) is temporarily buffered. You may feed to a process (B), after storing in a tank.
- Examples of the polymerization solvent in the step (B) include aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. Specifically, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane, kerosene, alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclopentane, benzene, toluene, xylene And aromatic hydrocarbons such as ethylene chloride, chlorobenzene, and dichloromethane. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane, kerosene
- alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclopen
- the polymerization solvent in step (B) may be the same as or different from the polymerization solvent in step (A).
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and heptane are preferable from the industrial viewpoint, and hexane is preferable from the viewpoint of separation and purification from the olefin resin ( ⁇ ).
- the polymerization temperature in the step (B) is preferably in the range of 90 ° C. to 200 ° C., more preferably in the range of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- a temperature is preferable because the temperature at which the unsaturated terminal polypropylene is satisfactorily dissolved in an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as hexane and heptane which is preferably used industrially as the polymerization solvent is 90 ° C. or higher. is there.
- a higher temperature is preferable for improving the amount of polypropylene side chain introduced. Furthermore, it is preferable that it is higher temperature also from a viewpoint of productivity improvement.
- the polymerization pressure in step (B) is usually from normal pressure to 10 MPa gauge pressure, preferably from normal pressure to 5 MPa gauge pressure, and the polymerization reaction can be carried out in any of batch, semi-continuous and continuous methods. It can be carried out. Furthermore, the polymerization can be performed in two or more stages having different reaction conditions. In the present invention, among these, it is preferable to employ a method in which a monomer is continuously supplied to a reactor to carry out copolymerization.
- reaction time in step (B) (average residence time when copolymerization is carried out in a continuous process) varies depending on conditions such as catalyst concentration and polymerization temperature, but is usually 0.5 minutes to 5 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 3 hours.
- the polymer concentration is 5 to 50 wt%, preferably 10 to 40 wt% during steady operation.
- the content is preferably 15 to 35 wt%.
- the molecular weight of the resulting copolymer can also be adjusted by the presence of hydrogen in the polymerization system or by changing the polymerization temperature. Furthermore, it can also adjust with the usage-amount of compound [C1] mentioned later. Specific examples include triisobutylaluminum, methylaluminoxane, diethylzinc and the like. When hydrogen is added, the amount is suitably about 0.001 to 100 NL per kg of olefin.
- Compound [C] reacts with transition metal compound [A] and bridged metallocene compound [B] to function as a catalyst for olefin polymerization.
- [C1] organometallic compound, [C2] It is selected from an organoaluminum oxy compound and a compound that forms an ion pair by reacting with a [C3] transition metal compound [A] or a bridged metallocene compound [B].
- the compounds [C1] to [C3] will be sequentially described.
- [C1] organometallic compound As the [C1] organometallic compound used in the present invention, specifically, an organoaluminum compound represented by the following general formula (C1-a), a Group 1 metal of the periodic table represented by the general formula (C1-b), and And a complex alkylated product with aluminum and a dialkyl compound of a Group 2 or Group 12 metal represented by the general formula (C1-c). Note that the [C1] organometallic compound does not include the [C2] organoaluminum oxy compound described later.
- M 3 represents Li, Na or K
- R c represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R d and R e may be the same or different from each other, and each represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and M 4 represents Mg. Zn or Cd.
- organoaluminum compound represented by the general formula (C1-a) examples include compounds represented by the following general formulas (C-1a-1) to (C-1a-4).
- R a and R b may be the same or different from each other and each represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and p is preferably 1.5 ⁇ p ⁇
- R a represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Y represents a halogen atom, and p is preferably a number of 0 ⁇ p ⁇ 3).
- R a represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and p is preferably a number of 2 ⁇ p ⁇ 3)
- organoaluminum compound belonging to the general formula (C1-a) include trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tri-n-butylaluminum, tripropylaluminum, tripentylaluminum, trihexylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, tridecylaluminum.
- Tri-n-alkylaluminum such as; Triisopropylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trisec-butylaluminum, tritert-butylaluminum, tri-2-methylbutylaluminum, tri-3-methylbutylaluminum, tri-2-methylpentylaluminum, tri-3-methylpentylaluminum, tri-4 A tri-branched alkylaluminum such as methylpentylaluminum, tri-2-methylhexylaluminum, tri-3-methylhexylaluminum, tri-2-ethylhexylaluminum; Tricycloalkylaluminum such as tricyclohexylaluminum, tricyclooctylaluminum; Triarylaluminums such as triphenylaluminum and tolylylaluminum; Dialkylaluminum hydrides such as diisobutylaluminum hydride; (I-C 4 H
- a compound similar to (C1-a) can also be used in the present invention.
- examples of such a compound include an organoaluminum compound in which two or more aluminum compounds are bonded through a nitrogen atom.
- Specific examples of such a compound include (C 2 H 5 ) 2 AlN (C 2 H 5 ) Al (C 2 H 5 ) 2 .
- Examples of the compound belonging to the general formula (C1-b) include LiAl (C 2 H 5 ) 4 and LiAl (C 7 H 15 ) 4 .
- Examples of the compound belonging to the general formula (C1-c) include dimethyl magnesium, diethyl magnesium, dibutyl magnesium, butyl ethyl magnesium, dimethyl zinc, diethyl zinc, diphenyl zinc, di-n-propyl zinc, diisopropyl zinc, di-n- Examples thereof include butyl zinc, diisobutyl zinc, bis (pentafluorophenyl) zinc, dimethyl cadmium, diethyl cadmium and the like.
- organometallic compounds include methyl lithium, ethyl lithium, propyl lithium, butyl lithium, methyl magnesium bromide, methyl magnesium chloride, ethyl magnesium bromide, ethyl magnesium chloride, propyl magnesium bromide, propyl magnesium chloride, Butyl magnesium bromide, butyl magnesium chloride and the like can also be used.
- a compound capable of forming the organoaluminum compound in the polymerization system for example, a combination of aluminum halide and alkyllithium, or a combination of aluminum halide and alkylmagnesium is used as the [C1] organometallic compound.
- organometallic compounds as described above are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the [C2] organoaluminum oxy compound used in the present invention may be a conventionally known aluminoxane, or a benzene-insoluble organoaluminum oxy compound as exemplified in JP-A-2-78687. Good.
- Specific examples of the organoaluminum oxy compound include methylaluminoxane, ethylaluminoxane, isobutylaluminoxane, and the like.
- a conventionally well-known aluminoxane can be manufactured, for example with the following method, and is normally obtained as a solution of a hydrocarbon solvent.
- Compounds containing adsorbed water or salts containing water of crystallization such as magnesium chloride hydrate, copper sulfate hydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, nickel sulfate hydrate, first cerium chloride hydrate, etc.
- a method of reacting adsorbed water or crystal water with an organoaluminum compound by adding an organoaluminum compound such as trialkylaluminum to the hydrocarbon medium suspension.
- the aluminoxane may contain a small amount of an organometallic component. Further, after removing the solvent or unreacted organoaluminum compound by distillation from the recovered solution of the above aluminoxane, the obtained aluminoxane may be redissolved in a solvent or suspended in a poor aluminoxane solvent.
- organoaluminum compound used when preparing the aluminoxane include the same organoaluminum compounds as those exemplified as the organoaluminum compound belonging to the general formula (C1-a).
- trialkylaluminum and tricycloalkylaluminum are preferable, and trimethylaluminum is particularly preferable.
- organoaluminum compounds are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- Solvents used for the preparation of aluminoxane include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, cumene, and cymene, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane, hexadecane, and octadecane, and cyclopentane.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, cumene, and cymene
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecane, hexadecane, and octadecane
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, dodecan
- Cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, cyclooctane and methylcyclopentane, petroleum fractions such as gasoline, kerosene and light oil, or halides of the above aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons and alicyclic hydrocarbons, especially chlorine And hydrocarbon solvents such as bromide and bromide.
- ethers such as ethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran can also be used. Of these solvents, aromatic hydrocarbons or aliphatic hydrocarbons are particularly preferable.
- the benzene-insoluble organoaluminum oxy compound used in the present invention has an Al component dissolved in benzene at 60 ° C. of usually 10% or less, preferably 5% or less, particularly preferably 2% or less in terms of Al atom, That is, it is preferably insoluble or hardly soluble in benzene.
- Examples of the [C2] organoaluminum oxy compound used in the present invention may include an organoaluminum oxy compound containing boron represented by the following general formula (III).
- R 17 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and four R 18 s may be the same as or different from each other, and have a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a carbon atom number. 1 to 10 hydrocarbon groups are shown.
- the organoaluminum oxy compound containing boron represented by the general formula (III) includes an alkyl boronic acid represented by the following general formula (IV) and an organoaluminum compound in an inert solvent under an inert gas atmosphere. In particular, it can be produced by reacting at a temperature of ⁇ 80 ° C. to room temperature for 1 minute to 24 hours.
- R 19 represents the same group as R 17 in general formula (III).
- alkyl boronic acid represented by the general formula (IV) include methyl boronic acid, ethyl boronic acid, isopropyl boronic acid, n-propyl boronic acid, n-butyl boronic acid, isobutyl boronic acid, n-hexyl boron. Examples include acid, cyclohexyl boronic acid, phenyl boronic acid, 3,5-difluorophenyl boronic acid, pentafluorophenyl boronic acid, 3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl boronic acid and the like.
- methyl boronic acid n-butyl boronic acid, isobutyl boronic acid, 3,5-difluorophenyl boronic acid, and pentafluorophenyl boronic acid are preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- organoaluminum compound to be reacted with the alkylboronic acid include the same organoaluminum compounds as those exemplified as the organoaluminum compound belonging to the general formula (C1-a).
- organoaluminum compound trialkylaluminum and tricycloalkylaluminum are preferable, and trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, and triisobutylaluminum are particularly preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- [C2] organoaluminum oxy compounds as described above are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- [C3] Compound that reacts with transition metal compound [A] or bridged metallocene compound [B] to form an ion pair The compound [C3] (hereinafter referred to as “ionized ionic compound”) that forms an ion pair by reacting with the transition metal compound [A] or the bridged metallocene compound [B] used in the present invention is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei.
- a compound represented by BR 3 (R is a phenyl group or fluorine which may have a substituent such as fluorine, methyl group, trifluoromethyl group, etc.) is used.
- R is a phenyl group or fluorine which may have a substituent such as fluorine, methyl group, trifluoromethyl group, etc.
- trifluoroboron, triphenylboron, tris (4-fluorophenyl) boron, tris (3,5-difluorophenyl) boron, tris (4-fluoromethylphenyl) boron, tris (pentafluorophenyl) boron include tris (p-tolyl) boron, tris (o-tolyl) boron, and tris (3,5-dimethylphenyl) boron.
- Examples of the ionic compound include compounds represented by the following general formula (V).
- R 20 is H + , a carbonium cation, an oxonium cation, an ammonium cation, a phosphonium cation, a cycloheptyltrienyl cation, or a ferrocenium cation having a transition metal, and R 21 to R 24 May be the same or different from each other and are organic groups, preferably aryl groups or substituted aryl groups.
- carbonium cation examples include trisubstituted carbonium cations such as triphenylcarbonium cation, tri (methylphenyl) carbonium cation, and tri (dimethylphenyl) carbonium cation.
- ammonium cation examples include trialkylammonium cation, triethylammonium cation, tripropylammonium cation, tributylammonium cation, and tri (n-butyl) ammonium cation; N, N-dimethylanilinium cation, N, N-diethylanilinium cation, N, N-2,4,6-pentamethylanilinium cation, etc., N, N-dialkylanilinium cation; di (isopropyl) ammonium cation, dicyclohexylammonium cation, etc. dialkylammonium cation Etc.
- phosphonium cation examples include triarylphosphonium cations such as triphenylphosphonium cation, tri (methylphenyl) phosphonium cation, and tri (dimethylphenyl) phosphonium cation.
- R 15 is preferably a carbonium cation or an ammonium cation, particularly preferably a triphenylcarbonium cation, an N, N-dimethylanilinium cation or an N, N-diethylanilinium cation.
- Examples of the ionic compound include trialkyl-substituted ammonium salts, N, N-dialkylanilinium salts, dialkylammonium salts, and triarylphosphonium salts.
- trialkyl-substituted ammonium salt examples include triethylammonium tetra (phenyl) boron, tripropylammonium tetra (phenyl) boron, tri (n-butyl) ammonium tetra (phenyl) boron, and trimethylammonium tetra (p-tolyl).
- N, N-dialkylanilinium salt examples include N, N-dimethylanilinium tetra (phenyl) boron, N, N-diethylanilinium tetra (phenyl) boron, N, N, 2,4, Examples include 6-pentamethylanilinium tetra (phenyl) boron.
- dialkylammonium salt examples include di (1-propyl) ammonium tetra (pentafluorophenyl) boron and dicyclohexylammonium tetra (phenyl) boron.
- triphenylcarbenium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, ferrocenium tetra (pentafluorophenyl) borate, triphenylcarbenium pentaphenyl
- Examples thereof include a cyclopentadienyl complex, an N, N-diethylanilinium pentaphenylcyclopentadienyl complex, and a boron compound represented by the following formula (VI) or (VII).
- Et represents an ethyl group.
- Et represents an ethyl group.
- a borane compound which is an example of an ionized ionic compound for example, decaborane; Bis [tri (n-butyl) ammonium] nonaborate, bis [tri (n-butyl) ammonium] decaborate, bis [tri (n-butyl) ammonium] undecaborate, bis [tri (n-butyl) ammonium] dodecaborate Salts of anions such as bis [tri (n-butyl) ammonium] decachlorodecaborate and bis [tri (n-butyl) ammonium] dodecachlorododecaborate; Of metal borane anions such as tri (n-butyl) ammonium bis (dodecahydridododecaborate) cobaltate (III) and bis [tri (n-butyl) ammonium] bis (dode
- carborane compounds that are examples of ionized ionic compounds include, for example, 4-carbanonaborane, 1,3-dicarbanonaborane, 6,9-dicarbadecarborane, dodecahydride-1-phenyl-1,3- Dicarbanonaborane, dodecahydride-1-methyl-1,3-dicarbanonaborane, undecahydride-1,3-dimethyl-1,3-dicarbanonaborane, 7,8-dicarbaundecaborane, 2 , 7-dicarboundecarborane, undecahydride-7,8-dimethyl-7,8-dicarboundecarborane, dodecahydride-11-methyl-2,7-dicarboundecarborane, tri (n-butyl) ammonium 1-carbadecaborate, tri (n-butyl) ammonium 1-carbaundecaborate, tri (n-butyl) ) Ammonium 1-carbadodecaborate, tri (n-but
- the heteropoly compound that is an example of the ionized ionic compound includes an atom selected from silicon, phosphorus, titanium, germanium, arsenic, and tin, and one or more atoms selected from vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten. A compound.
- the salt includes, for example, a metal of Group 1 or 2 of the periodic table, specifically lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and the like.
- a metal of Group 1 or 2 of the periodic table specifically lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and the like.
- organic salts such as salts and triphenylethyl salts.
- An isopoly compound which is an example of an ionized ionic compound is a compound composed of a metal ion of one kind of atom selected from vanadium, niobium, molybdenum and tungsten, and is regarded as a molecular ionic species of a metal oxide.
- Can do Specific examples include vanadic acid, niobic acid, molybdic acid, tungstic acid, and salts of these acids, but are not limited thereto.
- the salt includes, for example, a salt of the acid with, for example, a metal of Group 1 or 2 of the periodic table, specifically lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and the like. And organic salts such as triphenylethyl salt.
- ionized ionic compounds compounds that react with [C3] transition metal compound [A] and bridged metallocene compound [B] to form ion pairs
- [C3] transition metal compound [A] and bridged metallocene compound [B] to form ion pairs are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the olefin compound exhibits a very high polymerization activity.
- [C3] ionized ionic compounds as described above are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the organometallic compound [C1] has a molar ratio (C1 / M) of the organometallic compound [C1] to the transition metal atom (M) in the transition metal compound [A] in the step (A). ) Is used in such an amount that the molar ratio (C1 / M) with the transition metal atom (M) in the bridged metallocene compound [B] is usually 0.01 to 100,000, preferably 0.05 to 50,000. .
- the organoaluminum oxy compound [C2] is a molar ratio (C2 / M) of the aluminum atom in the organoaluminum oxy compound [C2] and the transition metal atom (M) in the transition metal compound [A] in the step (A).
- the molar ratio (C2 / M) with the transition metal atom (M) in the bridged metallocene compound [B] is usually 10 to 500,000, preferably 20 to 100,000. Used.
- the ionized ionic compound [C3] has a molar ratio (C3 / M) between the ionized ionic compound [C3] and the transition metal atom (M) in the transition metal compound [A] in the step (A).
- the molar ratio (C2 / M) to the transition metal atom (M) (hafnium atom) in the bridged hafnocene compound [B] is usually 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5. Used.
- the method for producing the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) may include a step (C) for recovering the polymer produced in the step (B) as necessary.
- This step is a step of separating the organic solvent used in steps (A) and (B), taking out the polymer and converting it into a product form, and producing existing polyolefin resins such as solvent concentration, extrusion degassing, pelletizing, etc.
- the propylene resin composition of the present invention comprises a propylene resin ( ⁇ ) and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ). Since the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) described above is well compatible with the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) at an arbitrary blending ratio, the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) and the olefin resin in the propylene resin composition of the present invention.
- the content ratio with the resin ( ⁇ ) is not particularly limited, but as a content ratio that improves the impact resistance and toughness while maintaining the original properties such as rigidity and hardness of the propylene resin, the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) is preferably 50 to 98 parts by weight, more preferably 60 to 95 parts by weight, still more preferably 65 to 95 parts by weight.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is preferably 2 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight, and still more preferably 5 to 35 parts by weight. However, the total of the respective parts by weight of the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) is 100 parts by weight.
- the propylene resin composition of the present invention maintains good physical properties such as the original rigidity and hardness of the propylene resin. Further, impact resistance and toughness are improved, and it can be suitably used for production of various molded products.
- the propylene polymer ( ⁇ ) is a homopolymer of propylene, or is composed of a copolymer of propylene and at least one selected from ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the copolymer may be a random copolymer or a block copolymer.
- ⁇ -olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms include 1-butene, 2-methyl-1-propene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-hexene, 2 -Ethyl-1-butene, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene 1-heptene, methyl-1-hexene, dimethyl-1-pentene, ethyl-1-pentene, trimethyl-1-butene, methylethyl-1-butene, 1-octene, methyl-1-pentene, ethyl-1- Hexene, dimethyl-1-hexene, propyl-1-heptene, methylethyl-1-heptene, trimethyl-1-pentene, propyl-1-pentene, diethyl-1-butene, 1-
- Propylene-type resin ((alpha)) may be comprised from the single polymer among the said polymers, and may be comprised from the some polymer.
- the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) is polymerized with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst or the like.
- any commercially available propylene resin can be used without particular limitation.
- examples of commercially available propylene resins include so-called homopolypropylene resins, random polypropylene resins, and block polypropylene resins.
- Homopolypropylene resin is a resin composed essentially of a homopolymer of propylene, is inexpensive and easy to manufacture, is excellent in rigidity and surface hardness, but inferior in impact resistance and toughness.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) retains excellent characteristics such as rigidity of the homopolypropylene resin while maintaining impact resistance. Can significantly improve the properties and toughness.
- the random polypropylene resin is a resin mainly composed of a propylene polymer containing a small amount of a comonomer, and has higher impact resistance and transparency than a homopolypropylene resin.
- a random polypropylene resin is used as the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) in the propylene resin composition of the present invention, the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) maintains the rigidity of the random polypropylene resin while maintaining impact resistance and toughness.
- the surface hardness can be improved, and particularly the low temperature impact resistance can be greatly improved.
- the block polypropylene resin is a two-stage polymerization composition of a propylene polymer and an ethylene propylene copolymer, and the term “block” in the block polypropylene resin does not mean “block copolymer”.
- the balance between rigidity and impact resistance of the block polypropylene resin is improved as compared with the homopolypropylene resin.
- the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) provides a high level of reciprocal physical properties such as rigidity and impact resistance to a level that cannot be achieved with a normal block polypropylene resin. The balance can be improved.
- the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) has a melt flow rate (MFR: ASTM D1238, 230 ° C., load 2.16 kg) of 0.1 to 500 g / 10 minutes, and the lower limit is preferably 0.2 g / 10 minutes, more preferably Is 0.3 g / 10 min, and the upper limit is preferably 300 g / 10 min, more preferably 100 g / 10 min, and particularly preferably 50 g / 10 min.
- MFR melt flow rate
- the MFR of the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) is smaller than 0.1 g / 10 min, the dispersibility of the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) and the olefin resin ( ⁇ ) in the propylene resin composition deteriorates, and the resin composition The mechanical strength of is reduced.
- the MFR of the propylene-based resin ( ⁇ ) is greater than 500 g / 10 minutes, the strength of the propylene-based resin ( ⁇ ) itself decreases, and the mechanical strength of the resin composition decreases.
- MFR serves as an index of the molecular weight of the propylene-based resin ( ⁇ ), and the propylene-based resin ( ⁇ ) preferably further has a weight average molecular weight in terms of polypropylene determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of 80,000 to 900,000. More preferably, it is in the range of 100,000 to 700,000, particularly preferably in the range of 150,000 to 700,000.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) preferably has a tensile modulus of 500 to 3000 MPa, more preferably 600 to 2500 MPa, and even more preferably 650 to 2200 MPa.
- the tensile elastic modulus is a value obtained by measuring a 2 mm thick press sheet at 23 ° C. in accordance with JIS K7113-2.
- the propylene resin composition containing the propylene polymer ( ⁇ ) has high rigidity and high hardness.
- the propylene resin ( ⁇ ) is different from the propylene polymer contained in the olefin resin ( ⁇ ).
- the terminal structure of the propylene-based resin ( ⁇ ) is substantially a saturated hydrocarbon. Specifically, the proportion of unsaturated terminals is usually less than 0.1 per 1000 carbon atoms.
- the propylene-based resin composition according to the present invention can be blended with other resins, rubbers, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, etc. within a range not impairing the object of the present invention, and is also resistant to weathering and heat.
- Additives such as crystal nucleating agents such as agents, antistatic agents, anti-slip agents, anti-blocking agents, anti-fogging agents, lubricants, pigments, dyes, plasticizers, anti-aging agents, hydrochloric acid absorbers, antioxidants, etc. be able to.
- the amount of the other resin, other rubber, inorganic filler, additive and the like is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Absent.
- the method for preparing the propylene-based resin composition in the present invention is not particularly limited, such as a melting method or a solution method, but practically, a melt-kneading method is preferable.
- a melt-kneading method a melt-kneading method generally used for thermoplastic resins can be applied.
- the powdery or granular components are mixed uniformly with a Henschel mixer, a ribbon blender, a V-type blender, etc., together with the additives described in the additional component section if necessary, and then uniaxial or multiaxial kneading. It can be prepared by kneading with an extruder, kneading roll, batch kneader, kneader, Banbury mixer or the like.
- the melt kneading temperature of each component is usually 170 to 250 ° C., preferably 180 to 230 ° C. Furthermore, the kneading order and method of each component are not particularly limited.
- the propylene-based resin composition can improve impact resistance while maintaining rigidity, and has an excellent balance between rigidity and impact resistance.
- injection molding, extrusion molding, inflation molding, blow molding, extrusion blow It can be molded into various molded products by known molding methods such as molding, injection blow molding, press molding, vacuum molding, calendar molding, foam molding, etc., and can be used for automobile parts, containers for food and medical applications, It can be applied to various known uses such as packaging materials for electronic materials.
- the molded body made of the propylene-based resin composition has an excellent balance between rigidity and impact resistance, has a high surface hardness, and is excellent in chemical resistance, and can be used for various automobile parts.
- automotive exterior parts such as bumpers, side moldings and aerodynamic undercovers
- automotive interior parts such as instrument panels and interior trims
- outer panel parts such as fenders, door panels and steps
- engine covers such as engine covers, fans and fan shrouds It can be used for parts.
- containers for food use and medical use include food containers such as tableware, retort containers, frozen storage containers, retort pouches, microwave heat-resistant containers, frozen food containers, frozen dessert cups, cups, beverage bottles, retort containers, bottles Containers, blood transfusion sets, medical bottles, medical containers, medical hollow bottles, medical bags, infusion bags, blood storage bags, infusion bottle chemical containers, detergent containers, cosmetic containers, perfume containers, toner containers, etc. .
- packaging materials include food packaging materials, meat packaging materials, processed fish packaging materials, vegetable packaging materials, fruit packaging materials, fermented food packaging materials, confectionery packaging materials, oxygen absorbent packaging materials, retort food packaging materials, and freshness.
- Retaining film, pharmaceutical packaging material, cell culture bag, cell inspection film, bulb packaging material, seed packaging material, film for vegetable / mushroom cultivation, heat-resistant vacuum forming container, side dish container, side dish cover, commercial wrap film, home use Wrap film, baking carton, etc. are mentioned.
- Films, sheets, and tapes include, for example, protective films for polarizing plates, protective films for liquid crystal panels, protective films for optical components, protective films for lenses, protective films for electrical components and electrical appliances, protective films for mobile phones, and PCs.
- Protective films such as protective films, masking films, condenser films, reflective films, laminates (including glass), radiation resistant films, gamma ray resistant films, porous films,
- Other uses include, for example, housings for home appliances, hoses, tubes, wire covering materials, insulators for high-voltage wires, cosmetic / perfume spray tubes, medical tubes, infusion tubes, pipes, wire harnesses, motorcycles / railways Interior materials for vehicles, aircraft, ships, etc., instrument panel skin, door trim skin, rear package trim skin, ceiling skin, rear pillar skin, seat back garnish, console box, armrest, airbag case lid, shift knob, assist grip, side step Mat, reclining cover, trunk seat, seat belt buckle, inner / outer molding, roof molding, belt molding and other molding materials, door seal
- non-woven fabric, stretchability Examples include woven fabrics, fibers, waterproof fabrics, breathable fabrics and fabrics, paper diapers, sanitary products, sanitary products, filters, bag filters, dust collection filters, air cleaners, hollow fiber filters, water purification filters, gas separation membranes, etc. It is done.
- the molded body obtained from the propylene-based resin composition can improve impact resistance while maintaining rigidity, and is excellent in the balance between rigidity and impact resistance. It can be suitably used for automobile interior / exterior materials, outer plate materials, food containers, and beverage containers.
- the physical properties of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ), the propylene resin ( ⁇ ), and the propylene resin composition were measured by the following methods.
- Method for measuring physical properties of olefin resin ( ⁇ ) and terminal unsaturated polypropylene (1) Measurement of melting point (Tm) and heat of fusion ⁇ H The melting point (Tm) and heat of fusion ⁇ H were measured by DSC measurement under the following conditions.
- a sample of about 10 mg was heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a heating rate of 50 ° C./min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and held at that temperature for 10 minutes. Further, it was cooled to ⁇ 100 ° C. at a temperature lowering rate of 10 ° C./min, held at that temperature for 5 minutes, and then heated to 200 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C./min.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) is sensed in such a manner that the DSC curve is bent due to the change in specific heat and the base line moves in parallel during the second temperature increase.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) was defined as the temperature at the intersection of the tangent to the base line, which is lower than the bending, and the tangent at the point where the inclination is maximum at the bent portion.
- (3) Insoluble amount of hot xylene The sample was formed into a sheet having a thickness of 0.4 mm by hot pressing (180 ° C., heating for 5 minutes—cooling for 1 minute) and finely cut. About 100 mg was weighed, wrapped in a 325 mesh screen, and immersed in 30 ml of p-xylene at 140 ° C. for 3 hours in a sealed container. Next, the screen was taken out and dried at 80 ° C. until a constant weight was obtained for 2 hours or more.
- the thermal xylene insoluble amount (wt%) is represented by the following formula.
- W1 Screen and sample mass before test
- W2 Screen mass
- W3 Screen and sample mass after test.
- (4) Measurement of ratio P of propylene polymer contained in olefin resin to olefin resin ( ⁇ ) As described above, the weight of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene used in the step (B) and the obtained olefin resin ( ⁇ ) Weight ratio.
- Cross-fractionation chromatograph (CFC) measurement The ratio E to the olefin resin of the component whose peak value of the differential elution curve measured by the cross-fractionation chromatograph (CFC) using orthodichlorobenzene as a solvent is less than 65 ° C. and The calculation method of the proportion (wt%) of orthodichlorobenzene-soluble component at 50 ° C. or lower was described in the requirements (III) and requirements (XI) section. Specifically, in the examples and comparative examples, It is as follows.
- Apparatus Cross fractionation chromatograph CFC2 (Polymer ChAR), detector (built-in): infrared spectrophotometer IR 4 (Polymer ChAR), detection wavelength: 3.42 ⁇ m (2,920 cm-1); fixed, sample concentration: 120 mg / 30 mL, injection volume: 0.5 mL, temperature drop time: 1.0 ° C./min, elution category: 4.0 ° C. interval ( ⁇ 20 ° C.
- GPC column Shodex HT-806M ⁇ 3 (Showa Denko)
- GPC column temperature 140 ° C.
- GPC column calibration monodisperse polystyrene (Tosoh Corp.)
- molecular weight calibration method general calibration method (polystyrene conversion)
- mobile phase o-dichlorobenzene (BHT added)
- flow rate 1. 0 mL / min.
- the differential elution curve obtained by the CFC measurement is peak-separated by a normal distribution curve, and the ratio of the eluted component having the peak temperature above 65 ° C.
- the ratio (wt%) of orthodichlorobenzene soluble component at 50 ° C. or lower is the cumulative elution amount at 50 ° C. (including the ⁇ 20 ° C. soluble component) of the cumulative elution curve by the CFC measurement.
- Elastic modulus (tensile modulus) The tensile modulus was measured according to ASTM D638.
- Intrinsic viscosity measurement The intrinsic viscosity measurement [ ⁇ ] was measured in decalin at 135 ° C.
- 13 C-NMR Measurement 13 C-NMR measurement was performed under the following conditions for the purpose of analyzing the composition ratio of ethylene and ⁇ -olefin of the polymer and confirming the stereoregularity of the terminal unsaturated polypropylene.
- Apparatus AVANCE III500 CryoProbe Prodigy type nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus manufactured by Bruker Biospin, measurement nucleus: 13 C (125 MHz), measurement mode: single pulse proton broadband decoupling, pulse width: 45 ° (5.00 ⁇ sec), number of points: 64 k , Measurement range: 250 ppm ( ⁇ 55 to 195 ppm), repetition time: 5.5 seconds, integration number: 512 times, measurement solvent: orthodichlorobenzene / benzene-d 6 (4/1 v / v), sample concentration: ca . 60 mg / 0.6 mL, measurement temperature: 120 ° C., window function: exponential (BF: 1.0 Hz), chemical shift standard: benzene-d 6 (128.0 ppm).
- melt flow rate (MFR: [g / 10 min]) The melt flow rate was measured with a 2.16 kg load according to ASTM D1238E. The measurement temperature was 230 ° C. (13) Melting point The melting point was measured by the same method as in (1) above.
- Isotactic pentad fraction (mmmm: [%])
- the pentad fraction (mmmm,%) whose microtacticity was investigated was assigned based on Macromolecules 8,687 (1975) in the propylene-based resin ( ⁇ ). It was calculated from the peak intensity ratio of 13C-NMR spectrum.
- the 13C-NMR spectrum was measured using an EX-400 apparatus manufactured by JEOL Ltd., using TMS as a reference, temperature 130 ° C., and o-dichlorobenzene solvent.
- the isotactic pentad fraction was also measured for terminal unsaturated polypropylenes M-1 to M-3.
- Test piece 10 mm (width) x 4 mm (thickness) x 80 mm (length) Bending speed: 2 mm / min Bending span: 64 mm (17) Charpy impact test
- the Charpy impact test ([kJ / m2]) was performed in accordance with JIS K7111, under the following conditions.
- Test piece JIS K7162-BA dumbbell 5 mm (width) x 2 mm (thickness) x 75 mm (length) Tensile speed: 20 mm / min Distance between spans: 58 mm (19) Rockwell hardness Rockwell hardness (R scale) was measured according to JIS K7202 under the following conditions.
- Test piece width 30 mm, length 30 mm, thickness 2 mm (20) Transmission electron microscope observation measured by stacking two test pieces Observation of the phase structure of the propylene-based resin composition was measured by the same method as in the above (11). (Reagent used) Toluene was purified using an organic solvent purifier manufactured by GlassContour.
- toluene solution of aluminoxane a 20 wt% methylaluminoxane / toluene solution manufactured by Nippon Alkyl Aluminum Co. was used. Triisobutylaluminum manufactured by Tosoh Finechem Co. was diluted with toluene (1.0 M) and used.
- Example 2 An olefin resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Step (B) was carried out with the amount of terminal unsaturated polypropylene (M-1) charged to 10.0 g. 32.9 g of olefin resin ( ⁇ -2) was obtained.
- the autoclave was closed and the temperature was raised to 85 ° C.
- the propylene partial pressure was increased to 0.3 MPa while stirring the interior of the polymerization vessel at 600 rpm, and then maintained at 85 ° C.
- a toluene solution 0.0010 mol / L
- dimethylsilylbis (2-methyl-4-finylindenyl) zirconium dichloride was introduced to initiate polymerization.
- the pressure was maintained while continuously supplying propylene gas, and the polymerization was carried out at 85 ° C. for 20 minutes, and then the polymerization was stopped by injecting 5 mL of methanol.
- Table 1 shows the results of analyzing and analyzing the resin ( ⁇ ′-6) obtained by polymerization in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the terminal unsaturated polypropylene (M-2) was not added. -3.
- This resin ( ⁇ ′-6) was assumed to be a copolymer constituting the main chain of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -6).
- the propylene partial pressure was increased to 0.5 MPa while stirring the interior of the polymerization vessel at 600 rpm, and then maintained at 85 ° C.
- 0.5 mL (0.0005 mmol) of a toluene solution (0.0010 mol / L) of dimethylsilylbis (2-methyl-4-finylindenyl) zirconium dichloride was injected to initiate polymerization.
- the pressure was maintained while continuously supplying propylene gas, the polymerization was carried out at 85 ° C. for 8 minutes, and then the polymerization was stopped by injecting 5 mL of methanol.
- Step (B) and Step (C) of Example 2 terminal unsaturated polypropylene (M-3) was used instead of terminal unsaturated polypropylene (M-1). ) was carried out in the same manner except that was used. 32.4 g of olefin resin ( ⁇ -8) was obtained.
- Example 9 An olefin resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the step (B) was carried out with the amount of terminal unsaturated polypropylene (M-2) charged to 2.5 g. 26.9 g of olefin resin ( ⁇ -9) was obtained.
- the analysis results of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -9) are shown in Table 1-1.
- An olefin resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the step (B) was carried out by polymerizing without adding the terminal unsaturated polypropylene (M-1).
- the obtained olefin resin ( ⁇ ′-1) was 24.2 g.
- the analysis results of the resulting olefin resin ( ⁇ ′-1) are shown in Tables 1-1 and 1-3.
- Example 2 Example 1 except that the step (B) was carried out by carrying out the polymerization without adding terminal unsaturated polypropylene (M-1) at a feed rate of 1-butene of 16 liters / hr, a polymerization temperature of 102 ° C.
- An olefin resin was produced in the same manner as described above.
- the obtained olefin resin ( ⁇ ′-2) was 21.4 g.
- the analysis results of the resulting olefin resin ( ⁇ ′-2) are shown in Tables 1-1 and 1-3.
- An olefin resin was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the compound (2) was used instead of the compound (1).
- the obtained olefin resin (D′-1) was 43.4 g.
- the analysis results of the resulting olefin resin (D′-1) are shown in Table 1-3.
- This resin (D′-1) was assumed to be a copolymer constituting the main chain of the olefin resin (D-1) and the olefin resin (D-2).
- [Comparative Example 7] Similar to Example 2 except that [dimethyl (t-butylamide) (tetramethyl- ⁇ 5-cyclopentadienyl) silane] titanium dichloride represented by compound (3) was used instead of compound (1).
- olefin resin was produced.
- the obtained olefin resin (D-3) was 11.8 g.
- the analysis results of the resulting olefin resin (D-3) are shown in Table 1-1.
- Dimethyl (t-butylamide) (tetramethyl- ⁇ 5-cyclopentadienyl) silane] titanium dichloride was synthesized by a known method.
- Table 1-3 shows the results of analyzing the resin (D′-4) obtained by polymerizing in the same manner except that the terminal unsaturated polypropylene (M-1) is not added, by the method described above.
- This resin (D′-4) was assumed to be a copolymer constituting the main chain of the olefin resin (D-4).
- FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the ratio E (wt%), the ratio P (wt%), and the a value in the examples and comparative examples described above.
- Resin ⁇ -2 obtained in Example 2 and Resin B-1 obtained in Comparative Example 3 each contained an equivalent amount of an equivalent ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer and an equivalent propylene polymer, As is apparent from the value a, the resin ⁇ -2 contains a large amount of the graft olefin polymer [R1] bonded to the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer and the propylene polymer. For this reason, in the phase structure of the resin ⁇ -2, the island phase showing the crystalline propylene component is more finely dispersed.
- the solid part was collected by hot filtration, and the solid part was resuspended in 275 ml of titanium tetrachloride and then heated again at 110 ° C. for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the solid part was collected again by hot filtration, and washed sufficiently with decane and hexane at 110 ° C. until no free titanium compound was detected.
- this free titanium compound was confirmed by the following method. 10 ml of the washing solution of the above solid catalyst component was collected with a syringe and placed in a 100 ml branch schlenk previously purged with nitrogen. Next, hexane was dried in a nitrogen stream and further vacuum-dried for 30 minutes. To this, 40 ml of ion-exchanged water and 10 ml of (1 + 1) sulfuric acid were added and stirred for 30 minutes. This aqueous solution is passed through a filter paper and transferred to a 100 ml volumetric flask.
- the solid titanium catalyst component (A) prepared as described above was stored as a decane slurry, and a part thereof was dried for the purpose of examining the catalyst composition.
- the composition of the solid titanium catalyst component (A) thus obtained was 2.3% by weight of titanium, 61% by weight of chlorine, 19% by weight of magnesium, and 12.5% by weight of DIBP.
- (2) Preparation of prepolymerization catalyst 100 g of solid catalyst component, 39.3 mL of triethylaluminum, and 100 L of heptane were placed in an autoclave with a stirrer having an internal volume of 200 L, maintained at an internal temperature of 15 to 20 ° C., and 600 g of propylene was added and stirred for 60 minutes.
- the obtained slurry was sent to a vessel polymerization vessel equipped with a stirrer having an internal volume of 100 L and further polymerized.
- Propylene was supplied to the polymerization vessel at 45 kg / hour, and hydrogen was supplied so that the hydrogen concentration in the gas phase portion was 3.2 mol%.
- Polymerization was performed at a polymerization temperature of 70 ° C. and a pressure of 3.28 MPa / G.
- the resulting propylene homopolymer resin ( ⁇ -h-1) was vacuum dried at 80 ° C.
- the melt flow rate (MFR) was 30 g / 10 minutes, and the isotactic pentad fraction (mmmm) was 97.8%.
- MFR melt flow rate
- mmmm isotactic pentad fraction
- Cyclopentyldimethoxysilane was supplied at a rate of 1.8 mol / mol. Thereafter, propylene was introduced until the propylene partial pressure reached 0.03 MPa-G, and the reaction was carried out at 25 ° C. for 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, the solid catalyst component was washed several times with purified heptane, and further carbon dioxide was supplied and stirred for 24 hours.
- the treated solid catalyst component was converted to titanium atom in the component at 3 mmol / hr, triethylaluminum at 2.5 mmol / kg-PP, dicyclopentyldimethoxy Silane was supplied at 0.25 mmol / kg-PP.
- Propylene, ethylene, and 1-butene were continuously fed at 46.0 kg / hr, 2.0 kg / hr, and 2.4 kg / hr, respectively, at a polymerization temperature of 82 ° C. and a polymerization pressure of 2.8 MPa-G, and reacted.
- the ethylene concentration in the polymerization was 2.4 mol%
- the 1-butene concentration was 1.8 mol%
- the hydrogen concentration was 8.2 mol%.
- the solid part was collected by hot filtration, and the solid part was resuspended in 275 ml of titanium tetrachloride and then heated again at 110 ° C. for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the solid part was collected again by hot filtration, and washed sufficiently with decane and hexane at 110 ° C. until no free titanium compound was detected.
- this free titanium compound was confirmed by the following method. 10 ml of the washing solution of the above solid catalyst component was collected with a syringe and placed in a 100 ml branch schlenk previously purged with nitrogen. Next, hexane was dried in a nitrogen stream and further vacuum-dried for 30 minutes. To this, 40 ml of ion-exchanged water and 10 ml of (1 + 1) sulfuric acid were added and stirred for 30 minutes. This aqueous solution is passed through a filter paper and transferred to a 100 ml volumetric flask.
- the solid titanium catalyst component (A) prepared as described above was stored as a decane slurry, and a part thereof was dried for the purpose of examining the catalyst composition.
- the composition of the solid titanium catalyst component (A) thus obtained was 2.3% by weight of titanium, 61% by weight of chlorine, 19% by weight of magnesium, and 12.5% by weight of DIBP.
- (2) Preparation of prepolymerization catalyst 100 g of solid catalyst component, 39.3 mL of triethylaluminum, and 100 L of heptane were placed in an autoclave with a stirrer having an internal volume of 200 L, maintained at an internal temperature of 15 to 20 ° C., and 600 g of propylene was added and stirred for 60 minutes.
- the obtained slurry was sent to a vessel polymerization vessel equipped with a stirrer having an internal volume of 100 L and further polymerized.
- Propylene was supplied to the polymerization vessel at 45 kg / hour, and hydrogen was supplied so that the hydrogen concentration in the gas phase was 6.0 mol%.
- Polymerization was performed at a polymerization temperature of 70 ° C. and a pressure of 3.35 MPa / G.
- the obtained slurry was transferred to a transfer pipe having an internal volume of 2.4 L, gasified and gas-solid separated, and then the polypropylene homopolymer powder was sent to a gas phase polymerizer having an internal volume of 480 L.
- Propylene block copolymerization was performed. Propylene, ethylene, and hydrogen are continuously added so that the gas composition in the gas phase polymerization reactor is 0.23 (molar ratio) as ethylene / (ethylene + propylene) and 0.031 (molar ratio) as hydrogen / ethylene. Supplied. Polymerization was performed at a polymerization temperature of 70 ° C. and a pressure of 1.0 MPa / G.
- the resulting propylene block copolymer resin ( ⁇ -b-1) was vacuum dried at 80 ° C.
- the melt flow rate (MFR) was 20 g / 10 min.
- the melt flow rate (MFR) of the polypropylene homopolymer powder obtained in the main polymerization step, that is, the homopolypropylene part of the block copolymer is 35 g / 10 min, and the isotactic pentad fraction (mmmm) is 97. 7.
- the propylene block polymer resin ( ⁇ -b-1) was measured to a unit of about 3 g (10 ⁇ 4 g) in a glass measuring container. This weight was expressed as b (g) in the following formula. .), 500 mL of n-decane and a small amount of heat-resistant stabilizer soluble in decane were charged, and the mixture was heated to 150 ° C. in 2 hours while stirring with a stirrer in a nitrogen atmosphere to dissolve the propylene block copolymer. And kept at 150 ° C. for 2 hours, and then gradually cooled to 23 ° C. over 8 hours.
- the resulting liquid containing the propylene block copolymer precipitate was filtered under reduced pressure through a 25G-4 standard glass filter manufactured by Iwata Glass Co., Ltd. 100 mL of the filtrate was collected and dried under reduced pressure to obtain a part of the room temperature n-decane soluble component, and the weight was measured to the unit of 10 ⁇ 4 g (this weight was expressed as a (g )).
- the amount of room-temperature n-decane soluble component also referred to as Dsol was determined by the following formula.
- the amount of Dsol was 12.0 wt%, the structural unit derived from ethylene in Dsol was 42 mol%, and the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] in 135 ° C. decalin was 3.4 dl / g. [ ⁇ ] was measured by the same method as in “(7) Intrinsic viscosity measurement” described above.
- Example 10 25 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -2) produced in Example 2, 75 parts by weight of the propylene homopolymer resin ( ⁇ -h-1) produced in Production Example 1, a heat-resistant stabilizer IRGANOX 1010 (Ciba Geigy ( (Trademark) 0.1 parts by weight, heat stabilizer IRGAFOS168 (Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) 0.1 part by weight, calcium stearate 0.1 part by weight was mixed with a tumbler, and the following conditions were used with a twin screw extruder. The mixture was melt-kneaded to prepare a propylene resin composition in the form of a pellet, and a test piece was prepared using an injection molding machine under the following conditions. Table 2 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition. In Tables 2 and 3, all numerical values shown in the column of “composition” mean parts by weight.
- Example 10 except that 25 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ′-2) produced in Comparative Example 2 was used instead of 25 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -2) produced in Example 2.
- a propylene-based resin composition was prepared in the same manner as described above. Table 2 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition.
- Example 11 25 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -2) produced in Example 2, 75 parts by weight of the propylene random copolymer resin ( ⁇ -r-1) produced in Production Example 2, a heat-resistant stabilizer IRGANOX 1010 (Ciba Geigy) (Trademark) 0.1 part by weight, heat resistance stabilizer IRGAFOS168 (Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) 0.1 part by weight, calcium stearate 0.1 part by weight was mixed in a tumbler, A propylene-based resin composition in the form of pellets was prepared by melt kneading with a shaft extruder, and a test piece was prepared with an injection molding machine.
- Table 2 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition.
- Example 11 was used except that 25 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ′-2) produced in Comparative Example 2 was used instead of 25 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -2) produced in Example 2.
- a propylene-based resin composition was prepared in the same manner as described above. Table 2 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition.
- Example 12 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -1) produced in Example 1, 60 parts by weight of the propylene homopolymer resin ( ⁇ -h-1) produced in Production Example 1, talc (JM-209 (trademark) ), Asada Flour Mills Co., Ltd.) 20 parts by weight, heat stabilizer IRGANOX 1010 (Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) 0.1 part by weight, heat stabilizer IRGAFOS168 (Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) 0.1 part by weight, calcium stearate 0 .
- Example 12 is the same as Example 12 except that 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -2) produced in Example 2 was used instead of 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -1) produced in Example 1. Similarly, a propylene-based resin composition was prepared. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition. FIG. 3 shows the result of observation of the phase structure of the propylene composition obtained in Example 13 with a transmission electron microscope.
- Example 14 Example 12 except that 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -3) produced in Example 3 was used instead of 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -1) produced in Example 1. Similarly, a propylene-based resin composition was prepared. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition.
- Example 15 Example 12 except that 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -4) produced in Example 4 was used instead of 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -1) produced in Example 1. Similarly, a propylene-based resin composition was prepared. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition.
- Example 12 is the same as Example 12 except that 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -5) produced in Example 5 was used instead of 20 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -1) produced in Example 1. Similarly, a propylene-based resin composition was prepared. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition.
- Example 17 8 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -2) produced in Example 2, 12 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ′-1) produced in Comparative Example 1, and the propylene single weight produced in Production Example 1 60 parts by weight of coalesced resin ( ⁇ -h-1), 20 parts by weight of talc (JM-209 (trademark), manufactured by Asada Flour Milling Co., Ltd.), 0.1 part by weight of heat resistance stabilizer IRGANOX1010 (trademark of Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd.) A heat-resistant stabilizer IRGAFOS168 (Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) 0.1 parts by weight and calcium stearate 0.1 parts by weight are mixed in a tumbler, and then melt-kneaded in a twin-screw extruder under the following conditions to form a pellet-shaped propylene resin. A composition was prepared, and a test piece was prepared using an injection molding machine under the following conditions. Table 3
- Example 18 5 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -3) produced in Example 3, 18 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ ′-1) produced in Comparative Example 1, and the propylene single weight produced in Production Example 1 57 parts by weight of combined resin ( ⁇ -h-1), 20 parts by weight of talc (JM-209 (trademark), manufactured by Asada Flour Milling Co., Ltd.), 0.1 parts by weight of heat resistance stabilizer IRGANOX1010 (trademark of Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd.) A heat-resistant stabilizer IRGAFOS168 (trade name, Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) (0.1 part by weight) and calcium stearate (0.1 part by weight) were mixed using a tumbler, and a propylene-based resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 17. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition.
- Example 19 Example 18 except that 5 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -6) produced in Example 6 was used instead of 5 parts by weight of the olefin resin ( ⁇ -3) produced in Example 3.
- a propylene-based resin composition was prepared in the same manner as described above. Table 3 shows the physical properties of the resulting propylene-based resin composition.
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Abstract
Description
[1]下記要件(I)~(VI)を満たすことを特徴とするオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
(I)オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体からなる主鎖およびプロピレン重合体からなる側鎖を有するグラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]を含む。
(II)前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)に含まれるプロピレン重合体の割合をPwt%としたとき、Pが5~60の範囲にある。
(III)オルトジクロロベンゼンを溶媒としたクロス分別クロマトグラフ(CFC)により測定される微分溶出曲線のピーク温度が65℃未満である成分の前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)に対する割合をEwt%としたとき、下記関係式(Eq-1)で表される値aが1.4以上である。
(V)熱キシレン不溶解量が3wt%未満である。
(VI)135℃のデカリン中で測定した極限粘度[η]が0.5~5.0dl/gの範囲にある。
[2]エチレンから導かれる繰り返し単位の割合が全繰り返し単位に対し20~80mol%の範囲にある前記[1]に記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
[3]前記グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の側鎖を構成するプロピレン重合体のアイソタクチックペンタッド分率(mmmm)が93%以上である前記[1]または[2]に記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
[4]前記グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の側鎖を構成するプロピレン重合体の重量平均分子量が5000~100000の範囲にある前記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
[5]前記グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の主鎖を構成する前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体の重量平均分子量が50000~200000の範囲にある前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
[6]非晶性成分により形成される海相と結晶性成分により形成される島相とからなる相分離構造を有し、透過型電子顕微鏡像における前記島相の平均径が50nm~500nmの範囲にある前記[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
[7]下記(A)および(B)の工程を含む前記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法。
(A)ジメチルシリルビスインデニル骨格を有する配位子を含む周期表第4族の遷移金属化合物[A]を含むオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下でプロピレンを重合し、末端不飽和ポリプロピレンを製造する工程
(B)下記一般式[B]で表される架橋メタロセン化合物を含むオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下で、工程(A)で製造される末端不飽和ポリプロピレンと、エチレンと、炭素原子数3~20のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のα-オレフィンとを共重合する工程
M1はジルコニウム原子またはハフニウム原子を示す。
Y1は炭素原子またはケイ素原子を示す。
[8]工程(B)が重合温度90℃以上の溶液重合プロセスであることを特徴とする[7]に記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法。
[9]プロピレン系樹脂(α)と[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)を含有することを特徴とするプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
[10]前記プロピレン系樹脂(α)50~98重量部およびオレフィン系樹脂(β)2~50重量部(プロピレン系樹脂(α)とオレフィン系樹脂(β)の合計は100重量部である) を含有することを特徴とする[9]に記載のプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
[11]前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)が、前記[7]または[8]のいずれかに記載の、オレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法によって得られたものである前記[9]または[10]に記載のプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
[12]前記[9]~[11]のいずれかに記載のプロピレン系樹脂組成物から得られる成形体。
<オレフィン系樹脂[β]>
本発明のオレフィン系樹脂[β]は、オレフィン系重合体一種のみで構成されていてもよいし、二種以上のオレフィン系重合体から構成されていてもよいが、必ず下記要件(I)~(VI)を全て満たすことを特徴としている。
(I)オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体からなる主鎖およびプロピレン重合体からなる側鎖を有するグラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]を含む。
(II)前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)に含まれるプロピレン重合体の割合をPwt%としたとき、Pが5~60の範囲にある。
(III)オルトジクロロベンゼンを溶媒としたクロス分別クロマトグラフ(CFC)により測定される微分溶出曲線のピーク温度が65℃未満である成分の前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)に対する割合をEwt%としたとき、該Eと前記Pにおいて、下記関係式(Eq-1)で表される値aが1.4以上である。
(V)熱キシレン不溶解量が3wt%未満である。
(VI)135℃のデカリン中で測定した極限粘度[η]が0.5~5.0dl/gの範囲にある。
〔要件(I)〕
オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、前記グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]を必須の構成成分として含む。該グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]は、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体からなる主鎖およびプロピレン重合体からなる側鎖を有するグラフト共重合体である。
(i)主鎖が、エチレンから導かれる繰り返し単位と、炭素原子数3~20のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のα-オレフィンから導かれる繰り返し単位とからなり、前記α-オレフィンから導かれる単位の割合が、主鎖に含まれる全繰り返し単位に対し10~50mol%の範囲である。
(ii)主鎖が、重量平均分子量が10000~200000であるエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体に由来する。
(iii)側鎖が、実質的にプロピレンから導かれる繰り返し単位からなる。
(iv)側鎖が、重量平均分子量が5000~100000であるプロピレン重合体に由来する。
〔要件(i)〕
グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の主鎖はエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体からなり、グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]において、柔軟性や、改質材として要求される低温特性などの特性を担う部位となる。そのような特性を担保するために、グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の主鎖は、エチレンから導かれる繰り返し単位と、炭素原子数3~20のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のα-オレフィンから導かれる繰り返し単位とからなる。
〔要件(ii)〕
グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の主鎖を構成する前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体の重量平均分子量が50000~200000の範囲にある。本発明のポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物において、機械強度を保持しながら樹脂の成型性(流動性)を向上させるためには、100000~200000の範囲であることが好ましい。前記重量平均分子量はゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)によって求められるポリエチレン換算の重量平均分子量である。
〔要件(iii)〕
グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の側鎖は、実質的にプロピレンから導かれる繰り返し単位からなる。グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の側鎖は、実質的にプロピレンから導かれる繰り返し単位からなるアイソタクチック規則性を有するプロピレン重合体である。
〔要件(iv)〕
側鎖が、重量平均分子量が5000~100000であるプロピレン重合体に由来する。すなわち、グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]は、重量平均分子量が5000~100000であるプロピレン重合体であるマクロモノマーがエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体に結合してなる構造を有し、プロピレン重合体部位が側鎖となる。前記重量平均分子量は、好ましくは5000~60000、さらに好ましくは5000~25000の範囲である。
〔要件(II)〕
前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)に含まれるプロピレン重合体の割合(以下、割合Pともいう)をPwt%としたとき、Pが5~60%の範囲にある。ここで、オレフィン系樹脂(β)に含まれるプロピレン重合体とは、後述する重合工程(B)において主鎖に取り込まれたポリプロピレン側鎖と主鎖に取り込まれなかったポリプロピレン直鎖状ポリマーとの総和を示す。
〔要件(III)〕
オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、オルトジクロロベンゼンを溶媒としたクロス分別クロマトグラフ(CFC)により測定される微分溶出曲線のピーク温度が65℃未満である成分の割合(以下、割合Eともいう)をEwt%としたとき、下記関係式(Eq-1)で表される値a (以下、a値ともいう)が1.4以上であり、好ましくは1.6以上、さらに好ましくは2.2以上である。
前記CFC測定における検出計としては、赤外分光高度計(検出波長3.42μm)を用いることが好ましい。
〔要件(IV)〕
オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、示差走査熱量分析(DSC)によって測定された融点(Tm)が120~165℃の範囲にあり、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が-80~-30℃の範囲にある。
〔要件(V)〕
オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、熱キシレン不溶解量が3.0wt%未満、好ましくは2.5wt%未満、より好ましくは2.0wt%未満である。
W1:試験前のスクリーンおよびサンプルの合計の質量、W2:スクリーン質量、W3:試験後のスクリーンおよびサンプルの合計の質量
オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、上記の通り、熱キシレン不溶解量を全く含まないか、含んでも少量であるので、プロピレン重合体に良好に分散することができ、その結果、所望の効果を発現する。一方、熱キシレン不溶部量が3wt%以上であると、プロピレン系樹脂組成物から得られた成形体においてブツと呼ばれる外観不良が生じる場合がある。
〔要件(VI)〕
オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、135℃のデカリン中で測定した極限粘度[η]が0.5~5.0dl/gの範囲にある。前記極限粘度[η]は、好ましくは1.0~4.0dl/g、さらに好ましくは1.0~3.0dl/gである。前記極限粘度[η]が前記範囲にあることにより、オレフィン系樹脂(β)を含んだプロピレン系樹脂組成物は、耐衝撃性に加え、良好な剛性や機械強度を有し、さらに良好な成形加工性も有する。
〔要件(VII)〕
オレフィン系樹脂(β)全体の中におけるエチレンから導かれる繰り返し単位の割合が、オレフィン系樹脂(β)に含まれる全繰り返し単位に対し20~80mol%であることが好ましく、より好ましくは30~80mol%、さらに好ましくは40~80mol%、特に好ましくは40~75mol%である。エチレンから導かれる繰り返し単位が上記範囲にあると、オレフィン系樹脂(β)はエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体をより多く含んだ態様であることになり、オレフィン系樹脂(β)を含んだプロピレン系樹脂組成物は、耐衝撃性や破断伸びが良好になる。
〔要件(VIII)〕
要件(VIII)は、弾性率が200MPa以下であることである。弾性率は、より好ましくは100MPa以下、さらに好ましくは50MPa以下である。
〔要件(IX)〕
要件(IX)は、非晶性成分を示す海相と結晶性成分を示す島相とからなる相分離構造を有し、透過型電子顕微鏡像における島相の平均径が、50nm~500nmの範囲にあることである。前記島相の平均径は、より好ましくは50nm~300nmである。
〔要件(X)〕
要件(X)は、示差走査熱量分析(DSC)により測定される融解ピーク(Tm)における融解熱量ΔHが5~50J/gの範囲にあることである。前記融解熱量ΔHは、好ましくは5~40J/g、より好ましくは10~30J/gの範囲にある。
〔要件(XI)〕
要件(XI)は、本発明のオレフィン系樹脂(β)は、クロス分別クロマトグラフ(CFC)により測定した50℃以下のオルトジクロロベンゼン可溶成分の割合が50wt%以下であることである。前記割合は、好ましくは40wt%以下である。
<オレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法>
オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、たとえば下記(A)、(B)の各工程を含む製造方法により製造される。
(B)下記一般式[B]で表される架橋メタロセン化合物[B]を含むオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下で、工程(A)で製造される末端不飽和ポリプロピレンと、エチレンと、炭素原子数3~20のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のα-オレフィンとを共重合する工程
M1はジルコニウム原子またはハフニウム原子を示す。
Y1は炭素原子またはケイ素原子を示す。
以下、(A)、(B)の工程について順に説明する。
〔工程(A)〕
工程(A)は、グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]のポリプロピレン側鎖の原料となる末端不飽和ポリプロピレンを製造する工程である。
〔工程(B)〕
工程(B)は、上記式[B]で表わされる架橋メタロセン化合物[B]を含むオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下で、工程(A)で製造される末端不飽和ポリプロピレンと、エチレンと、炭素原子数3~20のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のα-オレフィンとを共重合する工程である。
式[B]中、R1、R2、R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子、炭化水素基、ケイ素含有基またはケイ素含有基以外のヘテロ原子含有基を示すものであり、末端ビニルポリプピレンを良好に取り込む構造として、R1、R2、R3およびR4は全て水素原子であるか、またはR1、R2、R3およびR4のいずれか一つ以上がメチル基である構造が特に好ましい。
式[B]中、R5、R8、R9およびR12はそれぞれ独立に水素原子、炭化水素基、ケイ素含有基またはケイ素含有基以外のヘテロ原子含有基を示し、水素原子、炭化水素基またはケイ素含有基が好ましい。R6およびR11は水素原子、炭化水素基、ケイ素含有基およびケイ素含有基以外のヘテロ原子含有基から選ばれる同一の原子または同一の基であり、水素原子、炭化水素基およびケイ素含有基が好ましく;R7およびR10は水素原子、炭化水素基、ケイ素含有基およびケイ素含有基以外のヘテロ原子含有基から選ばれる同一の原子または同一の基であり、水素原子、炭化水素基およびケイ素含有基が好ましく;R6およびR7は互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく、R10およびR11は互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく;ただし、“R6、R7、R10およびR11が全て水素原子であること”はない。
式[B]中、R13およびR14はそれぞれ独立にアリール基を示し、Y1は炭素原子またはケイ素原子を示す。オレフィン重合体の製造方法において重要な点は、架橋部の架橋原子Y1に、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよいアリール(aryl)基であるR13およびR14を有することである。製造上の容易性から、R13およびR14は互いに同一であることが好ましい。
式[B]中、Qはハロゲン原子、炭化水素基、ハロゲン化炭化水素基、炭素原子数4~10の中性の共役もしくは非共役ジエン、アニオン配位子または孤立電子対で配位可能な中性配位子を示し、jは1~4の整数を示し、jが2以上の整数の場合は複数あるQはそれぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。
式[B]中、M1はジルコニウム原子またはハフニウム原子を示し、ハフニウム原子が末端不飽和ポリプロピレンを高効率で共重合し、また高分子量に制御出来る点でも好ましい。末端不飽和ポリプロピレンを高効率で共重合し、また高分子量に制御出来る性能を備えた触媒を用いることは、高い生産性を確保するために重要である。なぜなら、高い生産性を確保するために高温条件下で反応を行うことが望ましいが、高温条件下では生成分子量の低下が起こる傾向となるためである。
以下に架橋型メタロセン化合物[B]の具体例を式[II]~[VI]に示す。なお、例示化合物中、オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニルとは式[II]で示される構造の化合物に由来する基を指し、オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニルとは式[III]で示される構造の化合物に由来する基を指し、ジベンゾフルオレニルとは式[IV]で示される構造の化合物に由来する基を指し、1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニルとは式[V]で示される構造の化合物に由来する基を指し、1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニルとは式[VI]で示される構造の化合物に由来する基を指す。
ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルメチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラメチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-クロロフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ブロモフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-トリフルオロメチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-tert-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-n-ブチル-フェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-ビフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(1-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(2-ナフチル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(m-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(m-トリル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジ(p-イソプロピルフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-イソプロピルフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-イソプロピルフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジ(p-イソプロピルフェニル)メチレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、
ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルオクタヒドロジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(オクタメチルテトラヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(ジベンゾフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,1’,3,6,8,8’-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(1,3,3’,6,6’,8-ヘキサメチル-2,7-ジヒドロジシクロペンタフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジフェニル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-ジメチル-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(トリメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,7-(ジメチルフェニル)-3,6-ジtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリド、ジフェニルシリレン(シクロペンタジエニル)(2,3,6,7-テトラtert-ブチルフルオレニル)ハフニウムジクロリドが挙げられる。
[化合物[C]]
本発明にかかるオレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法では、上述した工程(A),(B)においてオレフィン重合用触媒として用いられる遷移金属化合物[A]および架橋ハメタロセン化合物[B]と共に、後述する化合物[C]を用いることが好ましい。
([C1]有機金属化合物)
本発明で用いられる[C1]有機金属化合物として、具体的には下記の一般式(C1-a)で表わされる有機アルミニウム化合物、一般式(C1-b)で表わされる周期表第1族金属とアルミニウムとの錯アルキル化物、および一般式(C1-c)で表わされる周期表第2族または第12族金属のジアルキル化合物が挙げられる。なお、[C1]有機金属化合物には、後述する[C2]有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物は含まないものとする。
トリイソプロピルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、トリsec-ブチルアルミニウム、トリtert-ブチルアルミニウム、トリ2-メチルブチルアルミニウム、トリ3-メチルブチルアルミニウム、トリ2-メチルペンチルアルミニウム、トリ3-メチルペンチルアルミニウム、トリ4-メチルペンチルアルミニウム、トリ2-メチルヘキシルアルミニウム、トリ3-メチルヘキシルアルミニウム、トリ2-エチルヘキシルアルミニウムなどのトリ分岐鎖アルキルアルミニウム;
トリシクロヘキシルアルミニウム、トリシクロオクチルアルミニウムなどのトリシクロアルキルアルミニウム;
トリフェニルアルミニウム、トリトリルアルミニウムなどのトリアリールアルミニウム;
ジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライドなどのジアルキルアルミニウムハイドライド;
(i-C4H9)xAly(C5H10)z(式中、x、y、zは正の数であり、z≧2xである。)などで表されるトリイソプレニルアルミニウムなどのトリアルケニルアルミニウム;
イソブチルアルミニウムメトキシド、イソブチルアルミニウムエトキシド、イソブチルアルミニウムイソプロポキシドなどのアルキルアルミニウムアルコキシド;
ジメチルアルミニウムメトキシド、ジエチルアルミニウムエトキシド、ジブチルアルミニウムブトキシドなどのジアルキルアルミニウムアルコキシド;
エチルアルミニウムセスキエトキシド、ブチルアルミニウムセスキブトキシドなどのアルキルアルミニウムセスキアルコキシド;
Ra 2.5Al(ORb)0.5で表される平均組成を有する部分的にアルコキシ化されたアルキルアルミニウム(式中、RaおよびRbは、互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、炭素原子数が1~15、好ましくは1~4の炭化水素基を示す);
ジエチルアルミニウムフェノキシド、ジエチルアルミニウム(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシド)、エチルアルミニウムビス(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシド)、ジイソブチルアルミニウム(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシド)、イソブチルアルミニウムビス(2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシド)などのジアルキルアルミニウムアリーロキシド;
ジメチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジエチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジブチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジエチルアルミニウムブロミド、ジイソブチルアルミニウムクロリドなどのジアルキルアルミニウムハライド;
エチルアルミニウムセスキクロリド、ブチルアルミニウムセスキクロリド、エチルアルミニウムセスキブロミドなどのアルキルアルミニウムセスキハライド;
エチルアルミニウムジクロリド、プロピルアルミニウムジクロリド、ブチルアルミニウムジブロミドなどのアルキルアルミニウムジハライドなどの部分的にハロゲン化されたアルキルアルミニウム;
ジエチルアルミニウムヒドリド、ジブチルアルミニウムヒドリドなどのジアルキルアルミニウムヒドリド;
エチルアルミニウムジヒドリド、プロピルアルミニウムジヒドリドなどのアルキルアルミニウムジヒドリドなどその他の部分的に水素化されたアルキルアルミニウム;
エチルアルミニウムエトキシクロリド、ブチルアルミニウムブトキシクロリド、エチルアルミニウムエトキシブロミドなどの部分的にアルコキシ化およびハロゲン化されたアルキルアルミニウムなどを挙げることができる。
([C2]有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物)
本発明で用いられる[C2]有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物は、従来公知のアルミノキサンであってもよく、また特開平2-78687号公報に例示されているようなベンゼン不溶性の有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物であってもよい。[C2]有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物としては、具体的には、メチルアルミノキサン、エチルアルミノキサン、イソブチルアルミノキサン等が挙げられる。
(1)吸着水を含有する化合物または結晶水を含有する塩類、例えば塩化マグネシウム水和物、硫酸銅水和物、硫酸アルミニウム水和物、硫酸ニッケル水和物、塩化第1セリウム水和物などの炭化水素媒体懸濁液に、トリアルキルアルミニウムなどの有機アルミニウム化合物を添加して、吸着水または結晶水と有機アルミニウム化合物とを反応させる方法。
前記一般式(III)で表されるボロンを含んだ有機アルミニウムオキシ化合物は、下記一般式(IV)で表されるアルキルボロン酸と、有機アルミニウム化合物とを、不活性ガス雰囲気下に不活性溶媒中で、-80℃~室温の温度で1分~24時間反応させることにより製造できる。
前記一般式(IV)で表されるアルキルボロン酸の具体的な例としては、メチルボロン酸、エチルボロン酸、イソプロピルボロン酸、n-プロピルボロン酸、n-ブチルボロン酸、イソブチルボロン酸、n-ヘキシルボロン酸、シクロヘキシルボロン酸、フェニルボロン酸、3,5-ジフルオロフェニルボロン酸、ペンタフルオロフェニルボロン酸、3,5-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニルボロン酸などが挙げられる。これらの中では、メチルボロン酸、n-ブチルボロン酸、イソブチルボロン酸、3,5-ジフルオロフェニルボロン酸、ペンタフルオロフェニルボロン酸が好ましい。これらは1種単独でまたは2種以上組み合わせて用いられる。
([C3]遷移金属化合物[A]または架橋メタロセン化合物[B]と反応してイオン対を形成する化合物)
本発明で用いられる、遷移金属化合物[A]または架橋メタロセン化合物[B]と反応してイオン対を形成する化合物[C3](以下、「イオン化イオン性化合物」という。)としては、特開平1-501950号公報、特開平1-502036号公報、特開平3-179005号公報、特開平3-179006号公報、特開平3-207703号公報、特開平3-207704号公報、USP-5321106号などに記載されたルイス酸、イオン性化合物、ボラン化合物およびカルボラン化合物などを挙げることができる。さらに、ヘテロポリ化合物およびイソポリ化合物も挙げることができる。
イオン化イオン性化合物(化合物[C3])の例であるボラン化合物として具体的には、例えば、デカボラン;
ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ノナボレート、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕デカボレート、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ウンデカボレート、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ドデカボレート、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕デカクロロデカボレート、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ドデカクロロドデカボレートなどのアニオンの塩;
トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ドデカハイドライドドデカボレート)コバルト酸塩(III)、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ビス(ドデカハイドライドドデカボレート)ニッケル酸塩(III)などの金属ボランアニオンの塩などが挙げられる。
トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ノナハイドライド-1,3-ジカルバノナボレート)コバルト酸塩(III)、トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7,8-ジカルバウンデカボレート)鉄酸塩(III)、トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7,8-ジカルバウンデカボレート)コバルト酸塩(III)、トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7,8-ジカルバウンデカボレート)ニッケル酸塩(III)、トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7,8-ジカルバウンデカボレート)銅酸塩(III)、トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7,8-ジカルバウンデカボレート)金酸塩(III)、トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ノナハイドライド-7,8-ジメチル-7,8-ジカルバウンデカボレート)鉄酸塩(III)、トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(ノナハイドライド-7,8-ジメチル-7,8-ジカルバウンデカボレート)クロム酸塩(III)、トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウムビス(トリブロモオクタハイドライド-7,8-ジカルバウンデカボレート)コバルト酸塩(III)、トリス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7-カルバウンデカボレート)クロム酸塩(III)、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7-カルバウンデカボレート)マンガン酸塩(IV)、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7-カルバウンデカボレート)コバルト酸塩(III)、ビス〔トリ(n-ブチル)アンモニウム〕ビス(ウンデカハイドライド-7-カルバウンデカボレート)ニッケル酸塩(IV)などの金属カルボランアニオンの塩などが挙げられる。
〔工程(C)〕
オレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法は、工程(A)および(B)に加え、必要に応じて、工程(B)で生成する重合体を回収する工程(C)を含んでも良い。本工程は、工程(A)および(B)において用いられる有機溶剤を分離してポリマーを取り出し製品形態に変換する工程であり、溶媒濃縮、押し出し脱気、ペレタイズ等の既存のポリオレフィン樹脂を製造する過程であれば特段制限はない。
<プロピレン系樹脂組成物>
本発明のプロピレン系樹脂組成物は、プロピレン系樹脂(α)と前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)を含有することを特徴とする。
前述のオレフィン系樹脂(β)は、任意の配合割合にて、プロピレン系樹脂(α)と良好に相容することから、本発明のプロピレン系樹脂組成物におけるプロピレン系樹脂(α)とオレフィン系樹脂(β)との含有割合に特段の制限はないが、プロピレン系樹脂本来の剛性や硬度などの物性を良好に保持しながら、耐衝撃性や靱性を改良する含有割合として、プロピレン系樹脂(α)は50~98重量部であることが好ましく、より好ましくは60~95重量部、さらに好ましくは65~95重量部である。また、オレフィン系樹脂(β)は2~50重量部が好ましく、より好ましくは5~40重量部、さらに好ましくは5~35重量部である。ただし、プロピレン系樹脂(α)とオレフィン系樹脂(β)との各重量部の合計は100重量部である。
プロピレン系樹脂(α)は前記重合体のうち単独の重合体から構成されてもよいし、複数の重合体から構成されていてもよい。上記プロピレン樹脂(α)はチーグラーナッタ触媒等で重合される。
ホモポリプロピレン樹脂は実質プロピレンの単独重合体からなる樹脂であり、安価で製造が容易であり、剛性や表面硬度に優れる半面、耐衝撃性や靱性に劣る。本発明のプロピレン系樹脂組成物に、ホモポリプロピレン樹脂をプロピレン系樹脂(α)として用いた場合、前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)により、ホモポリプロピレン樹脂の剛性等優れた特徴を保持しながら、耐衝撃性や靱性を著しく改良することができる。
ランダムポリプロピレン樹脂は主にコモノマーを少量含むプロピレン重合体からなる樹脂であり、ホモポリプロピレン樹脂と比較して耐衝撃性や透明性が高い。本発明のプロピレン系樹脂組成物に、ランダムポリプロピレン樹脂をプロピレン系樹脂(α)として用いた場合、前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)により、ランダムポリプロピレン樹脂の剛性を保持しながら、耐衝撃性や靱性や表面硬度を改良でき、特に低温衝撃性を大幅に改良できる。
<成形体>
前記プロピレン系樹脂組成物は、剛性を保持したまま耐衝撃性の向上を図れることができ、剛性と耐衝撃性のバランスに優れることから、射出成形、押出成形、インフレーション成形、ブロー成形、押出ブロー成形、射出ブロー成形、プレス成形、真空成形、カレンダー成形、発泡成形などの公知の成形方法により、各種成形体に成形することができ、自動車部品、食品用途や医療用途などの容器、食品用途や電子材料用途の包材など公知の多様な用途に適用することができる。
その他の用途としては、例えば、家電製品の筐体、ホース、チューブ、電線被覆材、高圧電線用碍子、化粧品・香水スプレー用チューブ、医療用チューブ、輸液チューブ、パイプ、ワイヤーハーネス、自動二輪・鉄道車両・航空機・船舶等の内装材、インストルメントパネル表皮、ドアトリム表皮、リアーパッケージトリム表皮、天井表皮、リアピラー表皮、シートバックガーニッシュ、コンソールボックス、アームレスト、エアバックケースリッド、シフトノブ、アシストグリップ、サイドステップマット、リクライニングカバー、トランク内シート、シートベルトバックル、インナー・アウターモール、ルーフモール、ベルトモールなどのモール材、ドアシール、ボディシールなどの自動車用シール材、グラスランチャンネル、泥よけ、キッキングプレート、ステップマット、ナンバープレートハウジング、自動車用ホース部材、エアダクトホース、エアダクトカバー、エアインテークパイプ、エアダムスカート、タイミングベルトカバーシール、ボンネットクッション、ドアクッションなどの自動車内外装材、制振タイヤ、静動タイヤ、カーレースタイヤ、ラジコンタイヤなどの特殊タイヤ、パッキン、自動車ダストカバー、ランプシール、自動車用ブーツ材、ラックアンドピニオンブーツ、タイミングベルト、ワイヤーハーネス、グロメット、エンブレム、エアフィルタパッキン、 家具・履物・衣料・袋物・建材等の表皮材、建築用シール材、防水シート、建材シート、建材ガスケット、建材用ウインドウフィルム、鉄芯保護部材、ガスケット、ドア、ドア枠、窓枠、廻縁、巾木、開口枠等、床材、天井材、壁紙、健康用品(例:滑り止めマット・シート、転倒防止フィルム・マット・シート、)、健康器具部材、衝撃吸収パッド、プロテクター・保護具(例:ヘルメット、ガード)、スポーツ用品(例:スポーツ用グリップ、プロテクター)、スポーツ用防具、ラケット、マウスガード、ボール、ゴルフボール、運搬用具(例:運搬用衝撃吸収グリップ、衝撃吸収シート)、制振パレット、衝撃吸収ダンパー、インシュレーター、履物用衝撃吸収材、衝撃吸収発泡体、衝撃吸収フィルムなどの衝撃吸収材、グリップ材、雑貨、玩具、靴底、靴底ソール、靴のミッドソール・インナーソール、ソール、サンダル、吸盤、歯ブラシ、床材、体操用マット、電動工具部材、農機具部材、放熱材、透明基板、防音材、クッション材、電線ケーブル、形状記憶材料、医療用ガスケット、医療用キャップ、薬栓、ガスケット、ベビーフード・酪農製品・医薬品・滅菌水等を瓶に充填後、煮沸処理、高圧蒸気滅菌等高温処理される用途のパッキング材、工業用シール材、工業用ミシンテーブル、ナンバープレートハウジング、ペットボトルキャップライナーなどのキャップライナー、 文房具、オフィス用品、OAプリンタ脚、FAX脚、ミシン脚、モータ支持マット、オーディオ防振材などの精密機器・OA機器支持部材、OA用耐熱パッキン、アニマルケージ、ビーカー、メスシリンダー等の理化学実験機器、光学測定用セル、衣装ケース、クリアーケース、クリアーファイル、クリアーシート、デスクマット、繊維としての用途として、例えば、不織布、伸縮性不織布、繊維、防水布、通気性の織物や布、紙おむつ、生理用品、衛生用品、フィルター、バグフィルター、集塵用フィルター、エアクリーナー、中空糸フィルター、浄水フィルター、ガス分離膜、などが挙げられる。
以下に実施例を挙げて、本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は、その要旨を超えない限り、これらの実施例に制約されるものではない。
(オレフィン系樹脂(β)および末端不飽和ポリプロピレンの物性測定方法)
(1)融点(Tm)および融解熱量ΔHの測定
融点(Tm)および融解熱量ΔHの測定は、以下の条件でDSC測定を行い求めた。
(2)ガラス転移温度(Tg)の測定
ガラス転移温度(Tg)の測定は、以下の条件でDSC測定を行い求めた。
(3)熱キシレン不溶解量
試料を熱プレス(180℃、加熱5分-冷却1分)により厚み0.4mmのシート状にし、細かく裁断した。それを約100mg秤量し、325メッシュのスクリーンに包んで、密閉容器中にて30mlのp-キシレンに、140℃で3時間浸漬した。次に、そのスクリーンを取り出し、80℃にて2時間以上恒量になるまで乾燥した。熱キシレン不溶解量(wt%)は、次式で表わされる。
(4)オレフィン系樹脂に含まれるプロピレン重合体のオレフィン系樹脂(β)に対する割合Pの測定
前述したとおり、工程(B)に用いる末端不飽和ポリプロピレンの重量と、得られたオレフィン系樹脂(β)の重量の比率から算出した。
オルトジクロロベンゼンを溶媒としたクロス分別クロマトグラフ(CFC)により測定される微分溶出曲線のピーク値が65℃未満である成分のオレフィン系樹脂に対する割合Eおよび50℃以下のオルトジクロロベンゼン可溶成分の割合(wt%)の算出方法については、要件(III)および要件(XI)の項に記載したが、実施例および比較例において具体的には、以下のとおりである。
装置:クロス分別クロマトグラフCFC2(Polymer ChAR)、検出器(内蔵):赤外分光光度計 IR4(Polymer ChAR)、検出波長:3.42μm(2,920cm-1);固定、試料濃度:120mg/30mL、注入量:0.5mL、降温時間:1.0℃/min、溶出区分:4.0℃間隔(-20℃~140℃)、GPCカラム:Shodex HT-806M×3本(昭和電工社)、GPCカラム温度:140℃、GPCカラム較正:単分散ポリスチレン(東ソー社)、分子量較正法:汎用較正法(ポリスチレン換算)、移動相:o-ジクロロベンゼン(BHT添加)、流量:1.0mL/min。
(6)弾性率(引張弾性率)
引張弾性率は、ASTM D638に準拠し測定した。
(7)極限粘度測定
極限粘度測定[η]は135℃のデカリン中で測定した。
この希釈操作を更に2回繰り返し、濃度(C)を0に外挿した時のηsp/Cの値を極限粘度[η](単位:dl/g)として求めた(下記の式1参照)。
ポリマーのエチレンおよびα-オレフィンの組成比分析、および末端不飽和ポリプロピレンの立体規則性の確認を目的に、次の条件で13C-NMR測定を実施した。装置:ブルカーバイオスピン社製AVANCEIII500CryoProbe Prodigy型核磁気共鳴装置、測定核:13C(125MHz)、測定モード:シングルパルスプロトンブロードバンドデカップリング、パルス幅:45°(5.00μ秒)、ポイント数:64k、測定範囲:250ppm(-55~195ppm)、繰り返し時間:5.5秒、積算回数:512回、測定溶媒:オルトジクロロベンゼン/ベンゼン-d6(4/1 v/v)、試料濃度:ca.60mg/0.6mL、測定温度:120℃、ウインドウ関数:exponential(BF:1.0Hz)、ケミカルシフト基準:ベンゼン-d6(128.0ppm)。
末端不飽和ポリプロピレンの末端構造の分析のため、次の条件で1H-NMR測定を実施した。装置:日本電子製ECX400P型核磁気共鳴装置、測定核:13H(400MHz)、測定モード:シングルパルス、パルス幅:45°(5.25μ秒)、ポイント数:32k、測定範囲:20ppm(-4~16ppm)、繰り返し時間:5.5秒、積算回数:64回、測定溶媒:1,1,2,2,-テトラクロロエタン-d2、試料濃度:ca.60mg/0.6mL、測定温度:120℃、ウインドウ関数:exponential(BF:0.12Hz)、ケミカルシフト基準:1,1,2,2,-テトラクロロエタン(5.91ppm)。
ポリマーの分子量分析のために、次の条件でGPC分析を実施した。装置:Waters社製 Alliance GPC 2000型、カラム:TSKgel GMH6-HTx2 TSKgel GMH6-HTLx2(いずれも東ソー社製、内径7.5mmx長さ30cm)、カラム温度:140℃、移動相:オルトジクロロベンゼン(0.025%ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン含有)、検出器:示差屈折計、流量:1.0mL/分、試料濃度:0.15%(w/v)、注入量:0.5mL、サンプリング時間間隔:1秒、カラム校正:単分散ポリスチレン(東ソー社製)。
オレフィン系樹脂の相構造の観察は透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて以下の通り実施した。オレフィン系樹脂40g、酸化防止剤Irganox(40mg)をラボプラストミル(東洋精機社製)に投入し、200℃、60rpmで5分間溶融混練し、ブレス加工によりシート状に成形した。得られた成形体を、0.5mm角の小片とし、ルテニウム酸(RuO4)によって染色した。さらにダイヤモンドナイフを備えたウルトラミクロトームで得られた小片を約100nmの膜厚の超薄切片とした。この超薄切片にカーボンを蒸着させて透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製H-7650)を用いて相構造を観察した。島相の平均粒径は、得られた観察像を、画像解析ソフト「macview」を用いて、画像処理および画像解析をすることにより、島相の平均長径として得た。
(プロピレン系樹脂(α)およびプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性測定方法)
プロピレン系重合体(α)およびプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性測定方法を以下に示す。
メルトフローレートは、ASTM D1238Eに準拠して、2.16kg荷重で測定した。測定温度は230℃とした。
(13)融点
融点は、上記(1)と同様の方法によって測定した。
重合体の立体規則性の指標の1つであり、そのミクロタクティシティーを調べたペンタド分率(mmmm,%)は、プロピレン系樹脂(α)においてMacromolecules 8,687(1975)に基づいて帰属した13C-NMRスペクトルのピーク強度比より算出した。13C-NMRスペクトルは、日本電子製EX-400の装置を用い、TMSを基準とし、温度130℃、o-ジクロロベンゼン溶媒を用いて測定した。アイソタクチックペンタド分率は、末端不飽和ポリプロピレンM-1~M-3についても測定した。
プロピレン系ランダム共重合体および、プロピレン系ブロック共重合体の室温n-デカン可溶成分(Dsol、詳細は後述)中のエチレンに由来する骨格濃度を測定するために、サンプル20~30mgを1,2,4-トリクロロベンゼン/重ベンゼン(質量比:2/1)溶液0.6mlに溶解後、炭素核磁気共鳴分析(13C-NMR)を行った。プロピレン、エチレンの定量はダイアッド連鎖分布より求めた。プロピレン-エチレン共重合体の場合、PP=Sαα、EP=Sαγ+Sαβ、EE=1/2(Sβδ+Sδδ)+1/4Sγδを用い、以下の計算式により求めた。
試験片:10mm(幅)×4mm(厚さ)×80mm(長さ)
曲げ速度:2mm/分
曲げスパン:64mm
(17)シャルピー衝撃試験
シャルピー衝撃試験(〔kJ/m2〕)は、JIS K7111に従って、下記の条件で行った。
温度:-30℃、23℃
試験片:10mm(幅)×80mm(長さ)×4mm(厚さ)
ノッチは機械加工である
(18)引張破断伸び
引張試験はJIS K7202に従って、下記の条件で行った。
試験片 : JIS K7162-BA ダンベル
5mm(幅)×2mm(厚さ)×75mm(長さ)
引張速度 : 20mm/分
スパン間距離 : 58mm
(19)ロックウェル硬度
ロックウェル硬度(Rスケール)は、JIS K7202に従って、下記の条件で測定した。
<測定条件>
試験片:幅30mm、長さ30mm、厚さ2mm
試験片を2枚重ねして測定した
(20)透過型電子顕微鏡観察
プロピレン系樹脂組成物の相構造の観察は、上記(11)と同様の方法によって測定した。
(使用試薬)
トルエンはGlassContour社製有機溶媒精製装置を用いて精製したものを用いた。アルミノキサンのトルエン溶液は、日本アルキルアルミ社製の20wt%メチルアルミノキサン/トルエン溶液を用いた。トリイソブチルアルミは東ソー・ファインケム社製のものをトルエンで希釈(1.0M)して用いた。
工程(A):末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-1)の製造
触媒として使用したジメチルシリルビス(2-メチル-4-フェニルインデニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドは特許第3737134号に開示されている方法に従って合成した。
工程(B):オレフィン系樹脂(β-1)の製造
触媒として使用した下記式で示される化合物(1)は公知の方法によって合成した。
[実施例3]
工程(A):末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)の製造
充分に窒素置換した内容積1Lのステンレス製オートクレーブに、窒素流通下でトルエン500mLおよびメチルアルミノキサン(PMAOとも記す)のトルエン溶液(1.5mol/L)0.67mL(1.0mmol)を入れた。その後オートクレープを閉鎖し、85℃に昇温した。次に600rpmで重合器内部を撹拌しながらプロピレン分圧を0.3MPaに昇圧し、引き続き85℃を維持した。そこにジメチルシリルビス(2-メチル-4-フィニルインデニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドのトルエン溶液(0.0010mol/L)を1.0mL(0.001mmol)圧入し重合を開始した。プロピレンガスを連続的に供給しながら圧力を保ち、85℃で20分間重合を行った後、5mLのメタノールを圧入することにより重合を停止した。得られた重合反応液を、少量の塩酸を含む1.5リットルのメタノールに加え、重合体を析出させた。析出物をメタノールで洗浄後、80℃にて10時間減圧乾燥し、末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)14.9gを得た。得られた重合体の分析結果を表1-2に示す。
工程(B):オレフィン系樹脂(β-3)の製造
末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-1)に替えて末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)を使用して工程(B)を実施したこと以外は実施例2と同様にオレフィン系樹脂を製造した。オレフィン系樹脂(β-3)を31.4g得た。
[実施例4]
工程(B):オレフィン系樹脂(β-4)の製造
充分に窒素置換した内容積1Lのガラス製反応器に、末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)10.0gとキシレン500mlを入れたのち、93℃に昇温し、末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)を溶解させた。そこに、600rpmで重合器内部を撹拌しながら、エチレンおよび1-ブテンをそれぞれ120リットル/hrおよび30リットル/hrで連続的に供給し、液相および気相を飽和させた。引き続きエチレンおよび1-ブテンを連続的に供給した状態で、トリイソブチルアルミニウム(iBu3Alとも記す)のデカン溶液(1.0mol/L)を1.0mL(1.00mmol)、前記化合物(1)のトルエン溶液(0.0020mol/L)を4.5mL(0.009mmol)、ついでトリフェニルカルベニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート(Ph3CB(C6F5)4とも記す)のトルエン溶液(4.0mmol/L)を6.25mL(0.025mmol)加え、常圧下、93℃で40分間重合を行った。重合の停止は少量のイソブタノールを添加することにより行った。得られた重合反応液を、少量の塩酸を含む1.5リットルのメタノール中に加え重合体を析出させた。析出物をメタノールで洗浄後、80℃にて10時間減圧乾燥し、30.0gのオレフィン系樹脂(β-4)を得た。オレフィン系樹脂(β-4)の分析結果を表1-1に示す。
[実施例5]
工程(B):オレフィン系樹脂(β-5)の製造
充分に窒素置換した内容積1Lのガラス製反応器に、末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)8.0gとキシレン500mlを入れたのち、90℃に昇温し末端不飽和ポリプロピレンを溶解させた。そこに、600rpmで重合器内部を撹拌しながら、エチレンおよびプロピレンをそれぞれ100リットル/hrおよび35リットル/hrで連続的に供給し、液相および気相を飽和させた。引き続きエチレンおよびプロピレンを連続的に供給した状態で、トリイソブチルアルミニウム(iBu3Alとも記す)のデカン溶液(1.0mol/L)を6.0mL(6.00mmol)、前記化合物(1)のトルエン溶液(0.0020mol/L)を7.5mL(0.015mmol)、ついでトリフェニルカルベニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート(Ph3CB(C6F5)4とも記す)のトルエン溶液(4.0mmol/L)を15mL(0.06mmol)加え、常圧下、90℃で40分間重合を行った。重合の停止は少量のイソブタノールを添加することにより行った。得られた重合反応液を、少量の塩酸を含む1.5リットルのメタノール中に加え、重合体を析出させた。析出物をメタノールで洗浄後、80℃にて10時間減圧乾燥し、25.8gのオレフィン系樹脂(β-5)を得た。オレフィン系樹脂(β-5)の分析結果を表1-1に示す。
[実施例6]
工程(B):オレフィン系樹脂(β-6)の製造
充分に窒素置換した内容積1Lのガラス製反応器に、末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)10.0gとキシレン500mlを入れたのち、95℃に昇温し末端不飽和ポリプロピレンを溶解させた。そこに、600rpmで重合器内部を撹拌しながら、エチレンおよびプロピレンをそれぞれ100リットル/hrおよび17リットル/hrで連続的に供給し、液相および気相を飽和させた。引き続きエチレンおよびプロピレンを連続的に供給した状態で、トリイソブチルアルミニウム(iBu3Alとも記す)のデカン溶液(1.0mol/L)を6.0mL(6.00mmol)、前記化合物(1)のトルエン溶液(0.0020mol/L)を7.5mL(0.015mmol)、ついでトリフェニルカルベニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート(Ph3CB(C6F5)4とも記す)のトルエン溶液(4.0mmol/L)を15mL(0.06mmol)加え、常圧下、95℃で30分間重合を行った。重合の停止は少量のイソブタノールを添加することにより行った。得られた重合反応液を、少量の塩酸を含む1.5リットルのメタノール中に加え、重合体を析出させた。メタノールで洗浄後、80℃にて10時間減圧乾燥し、25.2gのオレフィン系樹脂(β-6)を得た。オレフィン系樹脂(β-6)の分析結果を表1-1に示す。
工程(B):オレフィン系樹脂(β-7)の製造
充分に窒素置換した内容積1Lのガラス製反応器に、末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)10.0gとキシレン500mlを装入したのち、85℃に昇温し末端不飽和ポリプロピレンを溶解させた。そこに600rpmで重合器内部を撹拌しながら、エチレン120リットル/hrおよび1-ブテン18リットル/hrを連続的に供給し液相および気相を飽和させた。引き続きエチレンおよび1-ブテンを連続的に供給した状態で、トリイソブチルアルミニウム(iBu3Alとも記す)のデカン溶液(1.0mol/L)を1.0mL(1.00mmol)、前記化合物(1)のトルエン溶液(0.0020mol/L)を3.5mL(0.007mmol)、ついでトリフェニルカルベニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート(Ph3CB(C6F5)4とも記す)のトルエン溶液(4.0mmol/L)を6.25mL(0.025mmol)加え、常圧下、85℃で40分間重合を行った。重合の停止は少量のイソブタノールを添加することにより行った。得られた重合反応液を少量の塩酸を含む1.5リットルのメタノール中に加え重合体を析出させた。メタノールで洗浄後、80℃にて10時間減圧乾燥し、29.5gオレフィン系樹脂(β-7)を得た。 オレフィン系樹脂(β-7)の分析結果を表1-1に示す。
[実施例8]
工程(A):末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-3)の製造
充分に窒素置換した内容積1Lのステンレス製オートクレーブに、窒素流通下でトルエン500mLおよびメチルアルミノキサン(PMAOとも記す)のトルエン溶液(1.5mol/L)を0.67mL(1.0mmol)、を装入した。その後オートクレープを閉鎖し、85℃に昇温した。次に600rpmで重合器内部を撹拌しながらプロピレン分圧を0.5MPaに昇圧し、引き続き85℃を維持した。そこにジメチルシリルビス(2-メチル-4-フィニルインデニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドのトルエン溶液(0.0010mol/L)を0.5mL(0.0005mmol)圧入し重合を開始した。プロピレンガスを連続的に供給しながら圧力を保ち、85℃で8分間重合を行った後、5mLのメタノールを圧入することにより重合を停止した。得られた重合反応液は少量の塩酸を含む1.5リットルのメタノールに加え重合体を析出させた。メタノールで洗浄後、80℃にて10時間減圧乾燥し、プロピレン系重合体12.3gを得た。得られた重合体の分析結果を表1-2に示す。
工程(B):オレフィン系樹脂(β-8)の製造
実施例2の工程(B)および工程(C)において、末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-1)に変えて末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-3)を用いた以外は同様に実施した。オレフィン系樹脂(β-8)を32.4g得た。
[実施例9]
末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)の仕込み量を2.5gにして工程(B)を実施したこと以外は実施例3と同様にオレフィン系樹脂を製造した。オレフィン系樹脂(β-9)を26.9g得た。
[比較例1]
末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-1)を加えずに重合して工程(B)を実施したこと以外は実施例1と同様にオレフィン系樹脂を製造した。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(β’-1)は24.2gであった。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(β’-1)の分析結果を表1-1および1-3に示す。
[比較例2]
1-ブテンの供給量を16リットル/hrに、重合温度を102℃にし、さらに末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-1)を加えずに重合して工程(B)を実施したこと以外は実施例1と同様にオレフィン系樹脂を製造した。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(β’-2)は21.4gであった。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(β’-2)の分析結果を表1-1および1-3に示す。
[比較例3]
末端不飽和ポリプロピレン含量が30.4重量%となるように、樹脂(β’-1)と末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-1)を既述の方法で混練し、樹脂(B-1)を得た。分析結果を表1-1に示す。
[比較例4]
末端不飽和ポリプロピレン含量が31.9重量%となるように、樹脂(β’-1)と末端不飽和ポリプロピレン(M-2)を既述の方法で混練し、樹脂(B-2)を得た。分析結果を表1-1に示す。
[比較例5]
化合物(1)のトルエン溶液(0.0020mol/L)5.0mL(0.01mmol)に変えて化合物(2)のトルエン溶液(0.0020mol/L)6.0mL(0.012mmol)としたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にオレフィン系樹脂を製造した。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(D-1)は33.6gであった。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(D-1)の分析結果を表1-1に示す。化合物(2)は特表2006-52314に記載されている方法により合成した。
化合物(1)のトルエン溶液(0.0020mol/L)5.0mL(0.01mmol)に変えて、化合物(2)のトルエン溶液(0.0020mol/L)3.0mL(0.006mmol)としたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にオレフィン系樹脂を製造した。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(D-2)は21.1gであった。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(D-2)の分析結果を表1-1に示す。
[比較例7]
化合物(1)に変えて化合物(3)で表される[ジメチル(t-ブチルアミド)(テトラメチル-η5-シクロペンタジエニル)シラン]チタンジクロライドを用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にオレフィン系樹脂を製造した。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(D-3)は11.8gであった。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(D-3)の分析結果を表1-1に示す。ジメチル(t-ブチルアミド)(テトラメチル-η5-シクロペンタジエニル)シラン]チタンジクロライドは公知の方法により合成した。
[比較例8]
化合物(1)に変えて化合物(4)で表されるrac-エチレンビス(インデニル)ジルコニウム(IV)ジクロリドを用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にオレフィン系樹脂を製造した。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(D-4)は60.2gであった。得られたオレフィン系樹脂(D-4)の分析結果を表1-1に示す。rac-エチレンビス(インデニル)ジルコニウム(IV)ジクロリドはSTREM CHEMICHALS社製のものを用いた。
(実施例1~9と比較例1~8の対比)
実施例1~9で得られた樹脂β-1~β-9は、a値が1.4以上であり、グラフト型オレフィン重合体[R1]を多く含んでいる。そのため実施例1~9で得られた樹脂β-1~β-9は、耐熱性があり、ベタつきが小さい。一方、比較例1~8で得られた樹脂は、a値は1.4未満であり、グラフト型オレフィン重合体を多く含まず、耐熱性に優れず、ベタつきが大きい。
(実施例2と比較例3の相構造の対比)
実施例2で得られた樹脂β-2と比較例3で得られた樹脂B-1は、同等のエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体と同等のプロピレン重合体を各同等量含んでいるが、a値から明らかなように、樹脂β-2はエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体とプロピレン重合体に結合しているグラフト型オレフィン重合体[R1]を多く含んでいる。このため樹脂β-2の相構造の方が、結晶性のプロピレン成分を示す島相がより微細に分散している。これは、グラフト型オレフィンポリマーを含むことに起因する相溶化効果の表れであり、樹脂β-2が樹脂B-1と比較して高い相溶化効果を有していることが推察できる。
[製造例1] プロピレン系単独重合体樹脂(α―h-1)の製造
(1)固体状チタン触媒成分の調製
無水塩化マグネシウム95.2g、デカン442mlおよび2-エチルヘキシルアルコール390.6gを130℃で2時間加熱反応を行って均一溶液とした後、この溶液中に無水フタル酸21.3gを添加し、さらに130℃にて1時間攪拌混合を行い、無水フタル酸を溶解させた。
(2)前重合触媒の製造
固体触媒成分100g、トリエチルアルミニウム39.3mL、ヘプタン100Lを内容量200Lの攪拌機付きオートクレーブに入れ、内温15~20℃に保ち、プロピレンを600g入れ、60分間攪拌しながら反応させ、触媒スラリーを得た。
(3)本重合
内容量58Lのジャケット付循環式管状重合器にプロピレンを43kg/時間、水素を177NL/時間、(2)で製造した触媒スラリーを固体触媒成分として0.58g/時間、トリエチルアルミニウムを3.1ml/時間、ジシクロペンチルジメトキシシランを3.3ml/時間で連続的に供給し、気相の存在しない満液の状態にて重合した。管状重合器の温度は70℃であり、圧力は3.53MPa/Gであった。
[製造例2]プロピレン系ランダム共重合体樹脂(α-r-1)の製造
(1)マグネシウム化合物の調製
攪拌機付き反応槽(内容積500リットル)を窒素ガスで充分に置換し、エタノール97.2kg、ヨウ素640g、及び金属マグネシウム6.4kgを入れ、攪拌しながら還流条件下で系内から水素ガスの発生が無くなるまで反応させ、固体状反応生成物を得た。この固体状反応性生物を含む反応液を減圧乾燥させることにより目的のマグネシウム化合物(固体触媒の担体)を得た。
(2)固体触媒成分の調製
窒素ガスで充分に置換した攪拌機付き反応槽(内容積500リットル)に、前記マグネシウム化合物(粉砕していないもの)30kg、精製ヘプタン(n-ヘプタン)150リットル、四塩化ケイ素4.5リットル、及びフタル酸ジ-n-ブチル5.4リットルを加えた。系内を90℃に保ち、攪拌しながら四塩化チタン144リットルを入れ、110℃で2時間反応させた後、固体成分を分離して、80℃の精製ヘプタンで洗浄した。さらに、四塩化チタン228リットルを加え、110℃で2時間反応させた後、精製ヘプタンで充分に洗浄し、固体触媒成分を得た。
(3)前処理
内容積500リットルの攪拌機付き反応槽に精製ヘプタン230リットルを入れ、前記の固体触媒成分を25kg、トリエチルアルミニウムを固体触媒成分中のチタン原子に対して1.0mol/mol、ジシクロペンチルジメトキシシランを1.8mol/molの割合で供給した。その後、プロピレンをプロピレン分圧で0.03MPa-Gになるまで導入し、25℃で4時間反応させた。反応終了後、固体触媒成分を精製ヘプタンで数回洗浄し、更に二酸化炭素を供給し24時間攪拌した。
(4) 重合
内容量200リットルの攪拌機付き重合装置に、前記処理済の固体触媒成分を成分中のチタン原子換算で3mmol/hrで、トリエチルアルミニウムを2.5mmol/kg-PPで、ジシクロペンチルジメトキシシランを0.25mmol/kg-PPでそれぞれ供給した。重合温度82℃、重合圧力2.8MPa-Gでプロピレン、エチレン、1-ブテンをそれぞれ46.0kg/hr、2.0kg/hr、2.4kg/hrで連続的に供給し、反応させた。この時、重合内のエチレン濃度は2.4mol%、1-ブテン濃度は1.8mol%、水素濃度を8.2mol%であった。
[製造例3]プロピレン系ブロック重合体樹脂(α―b-1)の製造
(1)固体状チタン触媒成分の調製
無水塩化マグネシウム95.2g、デカン442mlおよび2-エチルヘキシルアルコール390.6gを130℃で2時間加熱反応を行って均一溶液とした後、この溶液中に無水フタル酸21.3gを添加し、さらに130℃にて1時間攪拌混合を行い、無水フタル酸を溶解させた。
(2)前重合触媒の製造
固体触媒成分100g、トリエチルアルミニウム39.3mL、ヘプタン100Lを内容量200Lの攪拌機付きオートクレーブに入れ、内温15~20℃に保ち、プロピレンを600g入れ、60分間攪拌しながら反応させ、触媒スラリーを得た。
(3)本重合
内容量58Lのジャケット付循環式管状重合器にプロピレンを43kg/時間、水素を197NL/時間、(2)で製造した触媒スラリーを固体触媒成分として0.59g/時間、トリエチルアルミニウムを3.1ml/時間、ジシクロペンチルジメトキシシランを3.3ml/時間で連続的に供給し、気相の存在しない満液の状態にて重合した。管状重合器の温度は70℃であり、圧力は3.60MPa/Gであった。
また、本重合の工程で得られたポリプロピレンホモポリマーパウダー、すなわち、ブロック共重合体のホモポリプロピレン部のメルトフローレート(MFR)は35g/10分かつアイソタクチックペンタッド分率(mmmm)が97.7であった。
[実施例10]
実施例2で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―2)25重量部、製造例1で製造されたプロピレン系単独重合体樹脂(α-h-1)75重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGANOX1010(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGAFOS168(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.1重量部をタンブラーにて混合後、二軸押出機にて下記の条件で溶融混練してペレット状のプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製し、射出成形機にて下記の条件で試験片を作成した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表2に示す。なお、表2および3において「組成」の欄に示された数値はすべて重量部を意味する。
同方向二軸混練機:品番 KZW-15、(株)テクノベル 社製
混練温度:190℃
スクリュー回転数:500rpm
フィーダー回転数:40rpm
<JIS小型試験片/射出成形条件>
射出成形機:品番 EC40、東芝機械(株)製
シリンダー温度:190℃
金型温度:40℃
射出時間-保圧時間:13秒(一次充填時間:1秒)
冷却時間 : 15秒
実施例2で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―2)25重量部に替えて、比較例2で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β’-2)25重量部を使用したこと以外は実施例10と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表2に示す。
実施例2で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―2)25重量部、製造例2で製造されたプロピレン系ランダム共重合体樹脂(α-r-1)75重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGANOX1010(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGAFOS168(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.1重量部をタンブラーにて混合後、実施例10と同様に、二軸押出機にて溶融混練してペレット状のプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製し、射出成形機にて試験片を作成した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表2に示す。
[比較例10]
実施例2で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―2)25重量部に替えて、比較例2で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β’-2)25重量部を使用したこと以外は実施例11と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表2に示す。
実施例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―1)20重量部、製造例1で製造されたプロピレン系単独重合体樹脂(α-h-1)60重量部、タルク(JM-209(商標)、浅田製粉(株)製)20重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGANOX1010(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGAFOS168(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.1重量部をタンブラーにて混合後、二軸押出機にて下記の条件で溶融混練してペレット状のプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製し、射出成形機にて下記の条件で試験片を作成した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
同方向二軸混練機:品番 KZW-15、(株)テクノベル 社製
混練温度:190℃
スクリュー回転数:500rpm
フィーダー回転数:40rpm
<JIS小型試験片/射出成形条件>
射出成形機:品番 EC40、東芝機械(株)製
シリンダー温度:190℃
金型温度:40℃
射出時間-保圧時間:13秒(一次充填時間:1秒)
冷却時間 : 15秒
実施例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β-1)20重量部に替えて、実施例2で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β-2)20重量部を使用したこと以外は実施例12と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。実施例13で得られたプロピレン組成物の透過型電子顕微鏡で相構造を観察した結果が図3である。
実施例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β-1)20重量部に替えて、実施例3で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β-3)20重量部を使用したこと以外は実施例12と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
実施例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β-1)20重量部に替えて、実施例4で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β-4)20重量部を使用したこと以外は実施例12と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
実施例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β-1)20重量部に替えて、実施例5で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β-5)20重量部を使用したこと以外は実施例12と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
比較例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β’―1)20重量部、製造例1で製造されたプロピレン系単独重合体樹脂(α-h-1)60重量部、タルク(JM-209(商標)、浅田製粉(株)製)20重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGANOX1010(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGAFOS168(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.1重量部をタンブラーにて混合後、実施例12と同様に、二軸押出機にて溶融混練してペレット状のプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製し、射出成形機にて試験片を作成した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
比較例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β’―1)の使用量を22重量部、製造例1で製造されたプロピレン系単独重合体樹脂(α-h-1)の使用量を58重量部に替えたこと以外は比較例10と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
比較例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β’―1)10重量部、製造例3で製造されたプロピレン系ブロック共重合体樹脂(α-b-1)70重量部、タルク(JM-209(商標)、浅田製粉(株)製)20重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGANOX1010(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGAFOS168(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.1重量部をタンブラーにて混合後、実施例12と同様に、二軸押出機にて溶融混練してペレット状のプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製、射出成形機にて試験片を作成した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
比較例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β'―1)の使用量を15重量部に替え、製造例3で製造されたプロピレン系ブロック共重合体樹脂(α-b-1)の使用量を65重量部に替えたこと以外は比較例12と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
比較例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β'―1)に替えて、比較例6で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(D―2)を23重量部、製造例3で製造されたプロピレン系単独共重合体(α-h-1)の使用量を57重量部に替えたこと以外は比較例12と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
実施例2で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―2)8重量部、比較例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β’―1)12重量部、製造例1で製造されたプロピレン系単独重合体樹脂(α-h-1)60重量部、タルク(JM-209(商標)、浅田製粉(株)製)20重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGANOX1010(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGAFOS168(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.1重量部をタンブラーにて混合後、二軸押出機にて下記条件で溶融混練してペレット状のプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製し、射出成形機にて下記条件で試験片を作成した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
同方向二軸混練機:品番 KZW-15、(株)テクノベル 社製
混練温度:190℃
スクリュー回転数:500rpm
フィーダー回転数:40rpm
<JIS小型試験片/射出成形条件>
射出成形機:品番 EC40、東芝機械(株)製
シリンダー温度:190℃
金型温度:40℃
射出時間-保圧時間:13秒(一次充填時間:1秒)
冷却時間 : 15秒
実施例3で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―3)5重量部、比較例1で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β’―1)18重量部、製造例1で製造されたプロピレン系単独重合体樹脂(α-h-1)57重量部、タルク(JM-209(商標)、浅田製粉(株)製)20重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGANOX1010(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、耐熱安定剤IRGAFOS168(チバガイギー(株)商標)0.1重量部、ステアリン酸カルシウム0.1重量部をタンブラーにて混合後、実施例17と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
実施例3で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―3)5重量部に替えて、実施例6で製造されたオレフィン系樹脂(β―6)5重量部を使用したこと以外は、実施例18と同様にプロピレン系樹脂組成物を調製した。得られたプロピレン系樹脂組成物の物性を表3に示す。
Claims (12)
- 下記要件(I)~(VI)を満たすことを特徴とするオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
(I)オレフィン系樹脂(β)は、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体からなる主鎖およびプロピレン重合体からなる側鎖を有するグラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]を含む。
(II)前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)に含まれるプロピレン重合体の割合をPwt%としたとき、Pが5~60の範囲にある。
(III)オルトジクロロベンゼンを溶媒としたクロス分別クロマトグラフ(CFC)により測定される微分溶出曲線のピーク値が65℃未満である成分の、前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)に対する割合をEwt%としたとき、下記関係式(Eq-1)で表される値aが1.4以上である。
(V)熱キシレン不溶解量が3wt%未満である。
(VI)135℃のデカリン中で測定した極限粘度[η]が0.5~5.0dl/gの範囲にある。 - エチレンから導かれる繰り返し単位の割合が全繰り返し単位に対し20~80mol%の範囲にある請求項1に記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
- 前記グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の側鎖を構成するプロピレン重合体のアイソタクチックペンタッド分率(mmmm)が93%以上である請求項1または2に記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
- 前記グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の側鎖を構成するプロピレン重合体の重量平均分子量が5000~100000の範囲にある請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
- 前記グラフト型オレフィン系重合体[R1]の主鎖を構成する前記エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体の重量平均分子量が50000~200000の範囲にある請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
- 非晶性成分により形成される海相と結晶性成分により形成される島相とからなる相分離構造を有し、透過型電子顕微鏡像における前記島相の平均径が50nm~500nmの範囲にある請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)。
- 下記(A)および(B)の工程を含む、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法。
(A)ジメチルシリルビスインデニル骨格を有する配位子を含む周期表第4族の遷移金属化合物[A]を含むオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下でプロピレンを重合し、不飽和末端ポリプロピレンを製造する工程
(B)下記一般式[B]で表される架橋メタロセン化合物を含むオレフィン重合用触媒の存在下で、工程(A)で製造される不飽和末端ポリプロピレンと、エチレンと、炭素原子数3~20のα-オレフィンから選ばれる少なくとも1種のα-オレフィンとを共重合する工程
R6およびR11は水素原子、炭化水素基、ケイ素含有基およびケイ素含有基以外のヘテロ原子含有基から選ばれる同一の原子または同一の基であり、R7およびR10は水素原子、炭化水素基、ケイ素含有基およびケイ素含有基以外のヘテロ原子含有基から選ばれる同一の原子または同一の基であり、R6およびR7は互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく、R10およびR11は互いに結合して環を形成していてもよく;ただし、R6、R7、R10およびR11が全て水素原子であることはない。
R13およびR14はそれぞれ独立にアリール基を示す。
Y1は炭素原子またはケイ素原子を示す。
M1はジルコニウム原子またはハフニウム原子を示す。
Qはハロゲン原子、炭化水素基、ハロゲン化炭化水素基、炭素数4~10の中性の共役もしくは非共役ジエン、アニオン配位子または孤立電子対で配位可能な中性配位子を示し、jは1~4の整数を示し、jが2以上の整数の場合は複数あるQはそれぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。) - 工程(B)が重合温度90℃以上の溶液重合プロセスであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法。
- プロピレン系樹脂(α)と請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のオレフィン系樹脂(β)を含有することを特徴とするプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
- 前記プロピレン系樹脂(α)50~98重量部およびオレフィン系樹脂(β)2~50重量部(プロピレン系樹脂(α)とオレフィン系樹脂(β)の合計は100重量部である) を含有することを特徴とする請求項9に記載のプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
- 前記オレフィン系樹脂(β)が、請求項7または8に記載の、オレフィン系樹脂(β)の製造方法によって得られたものである、請求項9または10に記載のプロピレン系樹脂組成物。
- 請求項9~11のいずれかに記載のプロピレン系樹脂組成物から得られる成形体。
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