WO2015120647A1 - 一种纺织激光印花方法及印花装置 - Google Patents

一种纺织激光印花方法及印花装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015120647A1
WO2015120647A1 PCT/CN2014/073585 CN2014073585W WO2015120647A1 WO 2015120647 A1 WO2015120647 A1 WO 2015120647A1 CN 2014073585 W CN2014073585 W CN 2014073585W WO 2015120647 A1 WO2015120647 A1 WO 2015120647A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller
laser
printing
textile
color
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PCT/CN2014/073585
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
沈永行
章健
赵之毅
吴波
姜培培
Original Assignee
浙江大学
浙江喜得宝丝绸科技有限公司
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Application filed by 浙江大学, 浙江喜得宝丝绸科技有限公司 filed Critical 浙江大学
Publication of WO2015120647A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015120647A1/zh

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/003—Transfer printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B41J3/4078—Printing on textile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/14—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base
    • G03G15/16—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer
    • G03G15/1605—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer using at least one intermediate support
    • G03G15/162—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer using at least one intermediate support details of the the intermediate support, e.g. chemical composition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a textile printing method and a printing device thereof, in particular to a method and a printing device for completing a textile printing process by utilizing a photothermal effect or a photoionization effect of a laser.
  • the existing textile printing methods are mainly divided into two categories: traditional printing and digital inkjet printing.
  • Conventional printing methods usually include the following processes: color separation, plate making, color matching, pulping, printing, steaming, washing, drying, finishing, and the like.
  • the traditional printing method has complicated procedures, long production cycle, high water consumption in the production process, and many pollutants such as waste water, but the printing speed is fast, and the production cost is low when the batch size is large.
  • Digital inkjet printing methods typically include the following processes: sizing, ink jet printing, steaming, water washing, drying, finishing, and the like.
  • the digital inkjet printing method has the advantages of simple process, short production cycle and flexible production mode, and is suitable for batch printing with a small number of patterns.
  • the inkjet printing method can only use expensive special ink, which not only has high cost of consumables, but also has poor ink quality, which is very easy to block the inkjet print head, resulting in print head scrapping and printing defective products.
  • the ink jet printing method has a slow printing speed because the reciprocating mechanical movement speed and the ink ejection speed of the print head are difficult to achieve at the high speed due to the inertia, and are increasingly approaching the limit.
  • existing inkjet printers have to use several or even dozens of expensive inkjet printheads in parallel, which not only increases the cost of production equipment, but also causes a limited life of the inkjet printhead. In the future, equipment maintenance costs remain high.
  • the digital inkjet printing method is the same as the conventional printing method. After printing, the fabric needs to be subjected to a post-treatment process such as steaming, water washing and drying, which requires a large amount of steam, water and electric energy, and also generates a large amount of waste water to pollute the environment.
  • this printing method mainly introduces a mature paper electrostatic copying method into textile printing.
  • the electrostatic printing method has not seen any subsequent industrialization, which may be related to the complicated printing process, high process requirements, complicated structure of the printing machine and poor practicability.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of various textile printing methods, and provide a textile laser printing method and a printing device thereof.
  • the invention has reasonable technology, short process, low production cost, energy saving and environmental protection, and is compatible with traditional printing and digital inkjet printing.
  • the advantages of the two mainstream printing methods are to overcome the deficiencies of various textile printing methods, and provide a textile laser printing method and a printing device thereof.
  • the invention has reasonable technology, short process, low production cost, energy saving and environmental protection, and is compatible with traditional printing and digital inkjet printing. The advantages of the two mainstream printing methods.
  • a textile laser printing method comprising the following steps:
  • a dye paste or a paint paste corresponding to a three- or four-color or more color is separately coated on a rotating roller to form a paste coating.
  • each roller is subjected to laser beam scanning while rotating, and the dye or paint which is laser-pulsed in the coating of the roller paste is vaporized and left, and the dye which is not retained by the laser scanning is retained. Or The coating then forms the desired color separation pattern.
  • the side of the roll forming the color separation pattern is rotated synchronously, and the color separation pattern is transferred onto the textile.
  • the three-color, four-color or more color overprint forms the desired color print on the fabric.
  • a textile laser printing device comprising: a frame, a guide belt, a support roller, a regulating roller, a plurality of rotating roller units, and a hot pressing roller; wherein, the supporting roller, the regulating roller, the plurality of rotating roller units, and The hot press rolls are mounted on the frame, the guide belt is supported by the support rolls and the tension is adjusted by the adjusting rolls; the plurality of rotating roll units are sequentially arranged on the guide tape and in contact with the guide belt, each rotating roll unit including the rotation A roller, a roller coating device, and a roller laser device, the roller coating device and the roller laser device are disposed around the rotating roller; the hot pressing roller is installed at a rear portion of the last rotating roller unit.
  • the rotating roller unit may further include a roller cleaning device, the roller cleaning device being placed after the roller laser device.
  • the rotating roller unit may further include a first roller drying device, the first roller drying device being disposed after the roller cleaning device.
  • the rotating roller unit may further include a second roller drying device, the second roller drying device being disposed between the roller coating device and the roller laser device.
  • the roller laser device is composed of a laser and a laser scanning device;
  • the laser is a high average power high repetition frequency pulsed laser, mainly picosecond and nanosecond pulsed lasers, and the average power is greater than 10W.
  • Pulse width is generally less than 500ns, laser pulse repetition frequency is greater than 1kHz; selected from pulsed CO2 laser, ytterbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser, yttrium-doped yttrium vanadate laser, ytterbium-doped fiber laser, ytterbium-doped fiber laser a erbium-doped fiber laser, a solid-fiber composite laser, and a laser obtained by multiplying a fundamental frequency of the laser; a laser beam emitted from the laser is incident on the laser scanning device and focused by the laser scanning device to a corresponding position Dyes or coatings on the coating.
  • the laser printing method used in the present invention provides a brand new textile printing technique. Compared with the existing traditional printing methods, the textile laser printing method utilizes computer image processing technology and digital laser technology.
  • the post-printing process is the same as the traditional printing method, the color separation and plate making will be adopted.
  • Traditional printings such as color matching, pulping and printing must be time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • the complicated process of water consumption and energy consumption is reduced to a two-step process of only computerized color separation processing and digital laser printing.
  • the processes of steaming, water washing and drying after printing are further reduced to a single-step process of baking or hot pressing. This not only saves a lot of manpower and material resources, but also consumes energy.
  • the emission reduction of pollutants is reduced to almost zero even when the paint paste is applied, and the process is simple.
  • the printing process features not only can quickly respond to multi-color small-volume orders, but also meet the requirements of large-scale printing production.
  • the textile laser printing method directly performs the printing process by laser scanning, and the reciprocating mechanical movement speed and the ink ejection speed of the printing head without the inkjet printing process are difficult to achieve at high speed. Limitations, the printing speed can be really increased to close to the traditional printing speed.
  • the laser printing method does not require the use of expensive special inks as its printing consumables, so the laser printing production cost is much lower than that of the inkjet printing method.
  • the printed fabric of the laser printing process can be directly attached to the printing guide tape for laser printing production, without the pre-sizing process of the inkjet printing fabric, the entire printing process is shorter, and the auxiliaries of the sizing process are saved. Energy consumption.
  • the laser printing method of the invention has the same post-printing process as the digital inkjet printing method when applying the dye paste, but the vaporization required for the digital inkjet printing method can be omitted when applying the paint paste.
  • Printing and post-treatment processes such as washing and drying, which not only saves a lot of manpower, material and hydropower energy consumption, but also basically achieves zero pollutant discharge throughout the printing process.
  • the traditional printing method and the digital inkjet printing method can only use the method of increasing the number of printing sets or adding a light color ink to achieve a more natural printing process requirement for the gradation of eight colors, and the laser printing method passes the laser parameters.
  • the regulation can achieve the printing process effect of eight color separation, twelve color separation and even more color separation in the four-color printing process. Therefore, the textile laser printing products have a more natural transition, and the designer's graphic design is intended to be more perfect, and the printing effect is close to the photo.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a four-color textile coating laser printing device
  • the technical principle of the printing method of the present invention is to utilize a photothermal effect or a photoionization effect of a laser to directly apply a high power laser beam to a dye or a coating through an optical system. Under laser irradiation, these dyes or coatings are partially or completely vaporized, leaving a blank area free of dyes or coatings in situ; while dyes or coatings that are not exposed to laser light remain in a specific location to form a printed pattern. After the necessary post-printing process, the resulting print pattern is affixed to the textile to provide the textile print product we need.
  • the printing method of the invention is the same as the traditional printing or digital inkjet printing method or other printing method.
  • the printing pattern needs to be color-separated, and the computer color separation processing is performed according to the CMY tri-color or CMYK four-color separation mode. Other spot colors can also be separated if needed.
  • the printing process of the present invention is:
  • each rotating roller is subjected to laser beam scanning while rotating, and the laser or the paint which is laser-pulsed in the coating of the rotating roller is vaporized and left, and is not retained by the laser scanning.
  • the dye or coating then forms the desired color separation pattern.
  • the rotating roller forming the color separation pattern rotates synchronously, and the color separation pattern is transferred onto the textile.
  • the three-color, four-color or more color overprint forms the desired color print on the fabric.
  • the fabric printed with the color printing pattern obtains the required printing product.
  • the textile used in the printing method of the invention is a printing grey fabric commonly used in the textile printing and dyeing industry, such as natural fiber and chemical fiber fabric, including cotton, hemp, wool, rabbit hair, silk, viscose, tencel, modal, acetate.
  • Woven and knitted fabrics of various types of fibers such as nitrate ester, copper ammonia, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, etc., and nonwoven fabrics of these fibers.
  • the transfer method to which the printing method of the present invention is applied includes wet transfer, thermal transfer, and sublimation transfer.
  • the wet transfer method that is, the dye or the paint paste
  • the thermal transfer method that is, the dye or the paint paste
  • the sublimation transfer method means that the dye or paint in the paste is transferred to the textile by sublimation.
  • the post-printing process applied by the printing method of the present invention refers to a general process of the textile printing and dyeing industry, including steaming, washing and drying, in the application of the dye paste.
  • paint paste it refers to the baking or hot pressing process, that is, the printed fabric is heated by a certain temperature of hot air or by a hot pressing roller, and the printed pattern is fixed under a certain temperature and pressure. Textile surface And internal processes.
  • the printing apparatus of the present invention comprises the following main structures: a frame, a guide belt, a support roll, a regulating roll, a plurality of rotating roll units, and a hot press roll.
  • the support roller, the adjusting roller, the plurality of rotating roller units and the hot pressing roller are all mounted on the frame, the guiding belt is supported by the supporting roller and the tension is adjusted by the adjusting roller; the plurality of rotating roller units are sequentially arranged on the conduction belt and In contact with the conduction belt, each of the rotating roller units includes a rotating roller, a roller coating device, and a roller laser device, the roller coating device and the roller laser device are disposed around the rotating roller; the hot pressing roller
  • the cartridge is mounted at the rear of the last rotating roller unit.
  • the rotating roller unit may also include a roller cleaning device, the roller cleaning device being placed after the roller laser device.
  • the rotating roller unit may further include a first roller drying device, the first roller drying device being placed after the roller cleaning device.
  • the rotating roller unit may further include a second roller drying device disposed between the roller coating device and the roller laser device.
  • the rotating roller used in the printing device of the present invention is made of metal inside, and the surface material thereof can also be made of metal material, or coated with natural rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, EPDM rubber, polyurethane, silicon. Rubber, PTFE and ceramic rubber, etc.
  • a steam or electric heating device can be arranged inside the roller to achieve the heating process required by the printing process.
  • the roll coating apparatus to which the printing apparatus of the present invention is applied includes, but is not limited to, a doctor blade coating apparatus, a roll coating apparatus, a cylinder coating apparatus, and a spray coating apparatus.
  • the roller laser device to which the printing apparatus of the present invention is applied is composed of a laser and a laser scanning device.
  • the laser is a high average power, high repetition rate pulsed laser, mainly picosecond and nanosecond pulsed lasers with an average power greater than 10 W, a pulse width typically less than 500 ns, and a laser pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz.
  • the laser beam from the laser is incident on the laser scanning device and is focused by the laser scanning device onto the coating dye or coating at the corresponding location.
  • the roller drying device to which the printing device of the present invention is applied includes, but is not limited to, an infrared drying device, an electric drying device, and a steam drying device.
  • the roller cleaning device to which the printing device of the present invention is applied includes, but is not limited to, a blade cleaning device, a water cleaning device, and a sponge adsorption cleaning device.
  • the working process of the invention is as follows: the textile to be printed is pasted on the conduction belt; A dye paste or a paint paste corresponding to four or more colors is coated on a corresponding rotating roller to form a paste coating.
  • the paste coating is heated and dried by a second roller dryer.
  • each rotating roller is subjected to laser beam scanning while rotating, and the dye or coating which is laser-swept in the coating of the rotating roller is vaporized and left, and the dye which is not retained by the laser scanning is retained.
  • the coating then forms the desired color separation pattern.
  • the rotating roller forming the color separation pattern is rotated in synchronization, and the color separation pattern is transferred onto the textile.
  • the three-color, four-color or more color overprint forms the desired color print on the fabric.
  • the fabric printed with the color print pattern is subjected to the post-printing process to obtain the desired printed product.
  • the roller surface is cleaned by a roller cleaning device.
  • the cleaned rotating roller is heated and dried by the first roller drying device.
  • Embodiment 1 Refer to Figure 1 .
  • the color printing pattern is color-separated according to the CMYK four-color separation mode to obtain a CMYK four-channel color separation map (including cyan [Cyan], red [Magenta], yellow [Yellow], and black [Black]), and the fourth
  • the color separation image signal is transmitted to the laser printing device.
  • the four-color textile laser printing device uses cyan, red, yellow and black paint paste as its printing color. From left to right, it can also be processed in any other order, through the yellow roller unit and the red roller unit.
  • the cyan roller unit and the black roller unit are rotated by a yellow roller unit as an example to illustrate the printing process.
  • the yellow roller coating device 1-1 above the yellow roller 1 applies the yellow paint paste to the yellow roller.
  • a color paste coating is formed on 1.
  • the yellow roller 1 is rotated counterclockwise, and the second yellow roller drying device 1-2 dries the paste coating on the yellow roller 1.
  • the dried paste coating is scanned by a yellow roller laser device 1-3 according to a computer-controlled laser beam corresponding to each inverted color separation map; the laser-jetted paint in the roller paste coating is gas
  • the coating that has been left untouched by the laser sweep immediately forms the desired color separation map.
  • the yellow roller 1 that completes the laser scanning is rotated to the bottom and is in contact with the printing fabric which is pasted on the printing guide belt 7 in synchronization, the color separation pattern formed by the laser scanning on the yellow roller 1 is transferred onto the fabric, and then transferred.
  • the yellow roller 1 continues to rotate, is cleaned by the yellow roller cleaning device 1-4, and then dried by the first yellow roller drying device 1-5 to complete the entire laser printing process, and continues the next laser printing. production process.
  • the printing cloth 6 successively passes through the yellow roller unit, the red roller unit, the cyan roller unit and the black roller unit to form a color printing pattern on the cloth surface, and the printing fabric is then passed through the hot pressing roller 5 at a certain temperature and pressure. Under the action, the paint is fixed on the surface and inside of the textile, which is the finished product.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
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Abstract

一种纺织激光印花方法及其印花装置，该方法是将各颜色对应的染料色浆或者涂料色浆分别涂布在旋转辊筒上形成色浆涂层，经激光扫描后在辊筒上形成分色图案，再分别转印至纺织物上形成彩色印花图案，经后处理后即成印花产品；印花装置主要由机架、导带、支撑辊、调节辊、多个旋转辊筒单元和热压辊筒组成；在印花装置上可以实施该印花方法；技术合理、工序简短、生产成本低、节能环保、兼容了传统印花和数码喷墨印花两大主流印花方法的优点；纺织激光印花产品，其层次过渡更加自然，设计师的图案设计意图实现更为完美，印花效果逼真接近照片。

Description

一种纺织激光印花方法及印花装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种纺织印花方法及其印花装置， 尤其涉及一种利用激光的光 热效应或者光离化效应， 完成纺织印花过程的方法及其印花装置。
背景技术
众所周知， 现有纺织印花方法主要分为两大类： 传统印花和数码喷墨印花。 传统印花方法通常包括以下工序： 分色、 制版、 配色、 调浆、 印花、 蒸化、 水 洗、 烘干、 后整理等。 传统印花方法工序繁复、 生产周期长、 生产过程耗水耗 能多、 产生废水等污染物多， 但印花速度快， 批量较大时其生产成本较低。
数码喷墨印花方法通常包括以下工序： 上浆、 喷墨打印、 蒸化、 水洗、 烘 干、 后整理等。 与传统印花方法相比， 数码喷墨印花方法工序简单、 生产周期 短、 生产方式灵活， 适合于批量较小花型图案多变的印花生产。 但喷墨印花方 法只能使用价格昂贵的特制墨水， 不但耗材成本高， 而且墨水质量低劣的话， 极易堵塞喷墨打印头， 造成打印头报废及印花次品。 不仅如此， 喷墨印花方法 印花速度慢， 因为其打印头往复机械运动速度和喷墨速度在高速时由于惯性的 存在很难两者兼顾， 且日益接近极限。 为提高印花速度， 现有的喷墨印花机不 得不将几个甚至几十个价格昂贵的喷墨打印头并联使用， 这不仅提高了生产设 备成本， 因喷墨打印头使用寿命有限也造成了日后设备维修保养费用的居高不 下。 此外， 数码喷墨印花方法和传统印花方法一样， 印花后织物需要经过蒸化、 水洗和烘干等后处理工艺过程， 需要耗用大量蒸汽、 水和电能， 同时亦会产生 大量废水污染环境。
以上两大类纺织印花方法， 各有利弊。 除此之外， 纺织行业还应用其他印 花方法用于日常生产， 如转移印花等等， 但以上两大类印花方法始终占据着纺 织印花的主导地位。 多年来， 为克服现有纺织印花技术的不足， 前人还进行过 多种努力， 尝试研发其他纺织印花方法。 其中最具代表性和工业开发前景的印 花方法首推静电印花方法。 例如， 美国乔治亚理工学院 [GIT] W. W. Carr等研究 人员在 20世纪 90年代开始即持续多年研究用静电复印原理进行纺织物印花的 方法 ( W.W.Carr,D.S.Sarma,Lejun Wang,Songhua Shi,F.L.Cook,and P.H.Pfromm. XerographicPrinting on Textiles [P]. Industry Applications Conference, 1996. Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting, IAS '96., Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE , Vol.4 , ppl963 - 1973 )。 他们使用商业复印机和激光打印机作为印花试验设备， 可用于各种纤维织物或混纺织物的印花， 但此印花方法的实用性有待考证， 其 印 花 织 物 的 色 牢 度 和 手 感 亦 有 较 大 问 题
( W.W.Carr,D.S.Sarma,L.Cook,S.Shi,L.Wang,P.H.Pfromm.Xerographic Printing of Textiles： Polymeric Toners and Their Performance [J] Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2000,78[13]:2425-2434) o 2004年， 据报道， 日本京都市产业技术研究所 纺织技术中心联合京都工艺纤维大学、理光公司 (提供复印技术支持)、恒河沙 (提 供图像处理技术支持)、 东伸工业 (驰名纺织印花机生产商)和长濑有色化学公司 (提供色料技术支持)共同开发数码静电印花机， 推出了运用静电印刷原理， 利用 复印机的静电照相技术， 能直接在织物上进行印花的静电印花样机 （日本成功 研制数码静电照相印花机 [J].印染, 2004,30[21]:54)。 他们试制的样机为 3色， 印 花速度为 5-10米 /分。 静电印花过程大致为： 墨粉先从墨盒中受磁力吸引被吸附 到硒鼓边上的磁辊上， 再被带静电潜影的硒鼓表面吸附， 然后转移到织物上形 成印花图案， 最后经加热等方法固着在纤维上完成印花过程。 从静电印花方法 的技术原理来看， 这种印花方法主要是将成熟的纸张静电复印方法引入到纺织 印花。 静电印花方法至今未见后续产业化， 这可能与其印花过程繁复、 工艺要 求高、 印花机结构复杂、 实用性差有关。
2007年， 浙江理工大学 [ZUST]沈一峰等研究人员曾尝试利用激光在纺织面 料上进行印花的研究 （沈一峰,章世君，傅泽华,杨芳,李叶峰.一种纺织面料的激光 印花方法 [P].中国专利 CN101082177A)。他们先利用激光对化纤面料进行辐射处 理， 然后再通过常规的染色过程在面料表面形成所需要的单色图案。 究其技术 原理， 应该是预先利用激光对化纤面料进行辐射扫描， 造成面料纤维表面形态 和结构的某种改变或称局部改性， 导致这些部位对光线的反射性和染料吸附性 能的某种程度的改变， 从而在染色时形成深浅不一的单色图案。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服各种纺织印花方法的不足， 提供一种纺织激光印花 方法及其印花装置， 本发明技术合理、 工序简短、 生产成本低、 节能环保、 兼 容了传统印花和数码喷墨印花两大主流印花方法的优点。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的： 一种纺织激光印花方法， 包 括以下步骤：
( 1 )将与三分色或四分色或更多色对应的染料色浆或者涂料色浆分别涂布在旋 转辊筒上形成色浆涂层。
(2) 按照对应的分色图案， 各辊筒边旋转边接受激光束扫射， 辊筒色浆涂层中 受到激光扫射的染料或者涂料随之气化离去， 未受到激光扫射被保留的染料或 者涂料随即形成需要的分色图案。
(3 ) 形成分色图案的辊筒边同步旋转， 边将分色图案转印至纺织物上。 三色、 四色或更多色叠印后即在织物上形成所需要的彩色印花图案。
(4) 印有彩色印花图案的织物经过印花后处理工艺过程后， 即获得所需要的印 花产品。
一种纺织激光印花装置， 包括： 机架、 导带、 支撑辊、 调节辊、 多个旋转 辊筒单元和热压辊筒； 其中， 所述支撑辊、 调节辊、 多个旋转辊筒单元和热压 辊筒均安装在机架上， 导带由支撑辊支撑并由调节辊调节张力； 多个旋转辊筒 单元依次布置在导带上并与导带接触， 每个旋转辊筒单元包括旋转辊筒、 辊筒 涂布装置和辊筒激光装置， 所述辊筒涂布装置和辊筒激光装置布置在旋转辊筒 的周围； 热压辊筒安装在最后一个旋转辊筒单元的后部。
进一步地， 所述旋转辊筒单元还可以包括辊筒清洁装置， 所述辊筒清洁装 置置于辊筒激光装置之后。
进一步地， 所述旋转辊筒单元还可以包括第一辊筒烘干装置， 所述第一辊 筒烘干装置置于辊筒清洁装置之后。
进一步地， 所述旋转辊筒单元还可以包括第二辊筒烘干装置， 所述第二辊 筒烘干装置置于辊筒涂布装置与辊筒激光装置之间。
进一步地， 所述辊筒激光装置由一个激光器和一个激光扫描装置组成； 该 激光器是一种高平均功率的高重复频率脉冲激光器， 主要为皮秒和纳秒脉冲激 光器， 其平均功率大于 10W, 脉宽一般小于 500ns， 激光脉冲的重复频率大于 1kHz; 选自脉冲工作的二氧化碳激光器、 掺钕钇铝石榴石激光器、 掺钕钒酸钇 激光器， 镱掺杂的光纤激光器、 铒镱共掺光纤激光器、 铥掺杂的光纤激光器、 固体 -光纤复合型激光器以及由上述激光器的基频波长倍频后所获得的激光器； 激光器发出的激光束入射到激光扫描装置， 并由激光扫描装置聚焦到对应位置 的染料或涂料涂层上。
本发明的有益效果是，
1、 本发明采用的激光印花方法提供了一种全新的纺织印花技术。 与现有的 传统印花方法相比， 纺织激光印花方法利用计算机图像处理技术和数字激光技 术， 在应用染料色浆时， 虽然其印花后处理工艺过程和传统印花方法一样， 但 将分色、 制版、 配色、 调浆和印花等传统印花必须的耗时耗力耗水耗能的繁复 工艺过程缩减至只有印花图案计算机分色处理和数字激光印花二步工艺过程。 在应用涂料色浆时， 更进一步将印花之后的蒸化、 水洗和烘干等工艺过程缩减 至只有焙烘或热压一步工艺过程。 这不但可节约大量的人力物力水电能源消耗， 污染物排放大量减少甚至在应用涂料色浆时减至基本为零， 且工艺简捷， 其印 花工艺特点不但能快速响应多花色小批量订单， 同时亦能满足大批量印花生产 的要求。
2、 与现有的数码喷墨印花方法相比， 纺织激光印花方法利用激光扫描直接 实施印花过程， 没有喷墨印花过程那样的打印头往复机械运动速度和喷墨速度 在高速时很难兼顾的局限性， 其印花速度可真正提高至接近传统印花速度。 其 次， 激光印花方法无需使用价格昂贵的特制墨水作为其印花耗材， 因此激光印 花生产成本大大低于喷墨印花方法。 再次， 激光印花过程的印花坯布可直接粘 贴到印花导带上进行激光印花生产， 无需喷墨印花坯布的预先上浆工艺过程， 整个印花工艺过程更为简短， 也节约了上浆工艺过程的助剂和能源消耗。 本发 明的激光印花方法在应用染料色浆时， 其印花后处理工艺过程虽然和数码喷墨 印花方法一样， 但在应用涂料色浆时则可省去数码喷墨印花方法所必需的蒸化、 水洗和烘干等印花后处理工艺过程， 这不但可节约大量的人力物力水电能源消 耗， 而且整个印花过程基本实现零污染物排放。
3、 传统印花方法和数码喷墨印花方法只能使用增加印花套数或者另增浅色 墨水这样的方法， 以实现八分色等层次过渡更为自然的印花工艺要求， 而激光 印花方法通过激光参数调控即可以四分色印花过程获得八分色、 十二分色甚至 更多分色的印花工艺效果。 因此， 纺织物激光印花产品， 其层次过渡更加自然， 设计师的图案设计意图实现更为完美， 印花效果逼真接近照片。
附图说明
图 1为四分色纺织涂料激光印花装置主视结构示意图；
图中： 黄色辊筒 1、 红色辊筒 2、 青色辊筒 3、 黑色辊筒 4、 黄色辊筒涂布 装置 1-1、 红色辊筒涂布装置 2-1、 青色辊筒涂布装置 3-1、 黑色辊筒涂布装置 4-1、 第二黄色辊筒烘干装置 1-2、 第二红色辊筒烘干装置 2-2、 第二青色辊筒烘 干装置 3-2、 第二黑色辊筒烘干装置 4-2、 黄色辊筒激光装置 1-3、 红色辊筒激光 装置 2-3、 青色辊筒激光装置 3-3、 黑色辊筒激光装置 4-3、 黄色辊筒清洁装置 1-4、 红色辊筒清洁装置 2-4、 青色辊筒清洁装置 3-4、 黑色辊筒清洁装置 4-4、 第一黄色辊筒烘干装置 1-5、 第一红色辊筒烘干装置 2-5、 第一青色辊筒烘干装 置 3-5、 第一黑色辊筒烘干装置 4-5、 热压辊筒 5、 印花进布 6、 印花导带 7、 印 花导带张力调节辊 8、 印花出布 9。
具体实施方式
众所周知， 当某种物质受到激光照射时， 激光的光子能量与该种物质的晶 格相互作用， 振动加剧， 温度升高， 到一定程度该种物质的物理及化学性质都 会发生相应的变化， 这就是激光的光热效应。 当激光脉冲很短， 脉冲峰值功率 很高时， 激光照射到的物质将直接气化， 这就是激光的光离化效应。
本发明的印花方法的技术原理就是利用激光的光热效应或者光离化效应， 将高功率的激光束经过光学***直接作用于染料或者涂料。 在激光照射下， 这 些染料或者涂料会部分或全部气化， 从而在原位置留下无染料或者涂料的空白 区域； 而未受到激光照射的染料或者涂料仍然保留在特定位置， 从而形成印花 图案。 在经过必要的印花后处理工艺过程后， 所形成的印花图案固着在纺织物 上， 可以获得我们所需要的纺织印花产品。
本发明的印花方法和传统印花或数码喷墨印花方法或其他印花方法一样， 在印花前需要先将印花图案进行分色处理， 按照 CMY三分色或者 CMYK四分 色模式进行计算机分色处理， 如有需要的话， 也可分出其他专色。 本发明的印 花工艺过程为：
1、 将与三分色或四分色或更多色对应的染料色浆或者涂料色浆分别涂布在 对应的旋转辊筒上形成色浆涂层。
2、 按照对应的分色图案， 各旋转辊筒边旋转边接受激光束扫射， 旋转辊筒 上色浆涂层中受到激光扫射的染料或者涂料随之气化离去， 未受到激光扫射被 保留的染料或者涂料随即形成需要的分色图案。
3、 形成分色图案的旋转辊筒边同步旋转， 边将分色图案转印至纺织物上。 三色、 四色或更多色叠印后即在织物上形成所需要的彩色印花图案。
4、 印有彩色印花图案的织物经过印花后处理工艺过程后， 即获得所需要的 印花产品。
本发明的印花方法所应用的纺织物为纺织印染行业通用的印花坯布， 如天 然纤维和化学纤维织物等， 包括棉、 麻、 羊毛、 兔毛、 丝绸、 粘胶、 天丝、 莫 代尔、 醋酸酯、 硝酸酯、 铜氨、 聚酯、 聚酰胺、 聚丙烯腈、 聚乙烯醇、 聚丙烯、 聚氯乙烯、 聚氨酯等各类纤维的梭织和针织织物， 还包括这些纤维的无纺布。
本发明的印花方法所应用的转印方式， 包括湿转印、 热转印和热升华转印。 具体而言， 湿转印方式即染料或者涂料色浆处于湿润状态被转印至纺织物上。 热转印方式即染料或者涂料色浆通过热压方式被转印至纺织物上。 热升华转印 方式即色浆中的染料或者涂料通过热升华方式被转印至纺织物上。
本发明的印花方法所应用的印花后处理工艺过程， 在应用染料色浆时， 是 指纺织印染行业通用的工艺过程， 包括蒸化、 水洗和烘干等。 在应用涂料色浆 时， 是指焙烘或者热压工艺过程， 即印花织物经过一定温度的热空气或者利用 热压辊筒， 在一定温度和压力作用下， 将转印后的印花图案固着于纺织物表面 和内部的工艺过程。
本发明的印花装置包括以下主要结构： 机架、 导带、 支撑辊、 调节辊、 多 个旋转辊筒单元、 热压辊筒。 支撑辊、 调节辊、 多个旋转辊筒单元和热压辊筒 均安装在机架上， 导带由支撑辊支撑并由调节辊调节张力； 多个旋转辊筒单元 依次布置在导带上并与导带接触， 每个旋转辊筒单元包括旋转辊筒、 辊筒涂布 装置和辊筒激光装置， 所述辊筒涂布装置和辊筒激光装置布置在旋转辊筒的周 围； 热压辊筒安装在最后一个旋转辊筒单元的后部。
旋转辊筒单元还可以包括辊筒清洁装置， 辊筒清洁装置置于辊筒激光装置 之后。
旋转辊筒单元还可以包括第一辊筒烘干装置， 所述第一辊筒烘干装置置于 辊筒清洁装置之后。
旋转辊筒单元还可以包括第二辊筒烘干装置， 所述第二辊筒烘干装置置于 辊筒涂布装置与辊筒激光装置之间。
本发明的印花装置所应用的旋转辊筒， 其内部材质为金属， 其表面材质可 同样为金属材质， 或包覆天然橡胶、 丁腈橡胶、 氯丁橡胶、 三元乙丙橡胶、 聚 氨酯、 硅橡胶、 聚四氟乙烯材料和陶瓷橡胶等等。 辊筒内部可配置蒸汽或电加 热装置， 以实现印花工艺要求的加热过程。
本发明的印花装置所应用的辊筒涂布装置， 包括， 但不限于， 刮刀涂布装 置， 辊筒涂布装置， 圆网涂布装置和喷雾涂布装置。
本发明的印花装置所应用的辊筒激光装置由一个激光器和一个激光扫描装 置组成。 该激光器是一种高平均功率的高重复频率脉冲激光器， 主要为皮秒和 纳秒脉冲激光器， 其平均功率大于 10W, 脉宽一般小于 500ns， 激光脉冲的重复 频率大于 lkHz。 包括， 但不限于， 脉冲工作的二氧化碳激光器， 掺钕钇铝石榴 石 （Nd: YAG) 激光器， 掺钕钒酸钇 （Nd: YV04) 激光器， 镱 （Yb) 掺杂的 光纤激光器、 铒镱 （Er、 Yb) 共掺光纤激光器、 铥 （Tm) 掺杂的光纤激光器、 固体 -光纤复合型激光器以及由上述激光器的基频波长倍频后所获得的激光器。 激光器发出的激光束入射到激光扫描装置， 并由激光扫描装置聚焦到对应位置 的涂布染料或涂料上。
本发明的印花装置所应用的辊筒烘干装置包括但不限于： 红外烘干装置， 电热烘干装置和蒸汽烘干装置。
本发明的印花装置所应用的辊筒清洁装置包括但不限于： 刮刀清洁装置， 水洗清洁装置和海绵吸附清洁装置。
本发明的工作过程如下： 将待印花的纺织物粘贴于导带上； 将与三分色或 四分色或更多色对应的染料色浆或者涂料色浆分别涂布在对应的旋转辊筒上形 成色浆涂层。 对于安装有第二辊筒烘干装置的***， 色浆涂层由第二辊筒烘干 装置加热烘干。 按照对应的分色图案， 各旋转辊筒边旋转边接受激光束扫射， 旋转辊筒上色浆涂层中受到激光扫射的染料或者涂料随之气化离去， 未受到激 光扫射被保留的染料或者涂料随即形成需要的分色图案。 形成分色图案的旋转 辊筒边同步旋转， 边将分色图案转印至纺织物上。 三色、 四色或更多色叠印后 即在织物上形成所需要的彩色印花图案。 印有彩色印花图案的织物经过印花后 处理工艺过程后， 即获得所需要的印花产品。 对于安装有辊筒清洁装置的***， 辊筒表面由辊筒清洁装置清洁。 对于安装有第一辊筒烘干装置的***， 清洁后 的旋转辊筒由第一辊筒烘干装置加热烘干。
下面结合附图并通过实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。 以下实施例是 对本发明多种实施方法中某几种方法的具体解释， 而本发明并不局限于以下实 施例。
实施例 1 : 参照附图 1。 先将彩色印花图案按照 CMYK四分色模式进行分 色处理，获得 CMYK四通道分色图（包括青色 [Cyan]、红色 [Magenta]、黄色 [Yellow] 和黑色 [Black] ), 并将此四分色图像信号传输给激光印花装置。 四分色纺织激光 印花装置采用青色、 红色、 黄色和黑色涂料色浆作为其印花色料， 从左至右依 次， 也可视工艺便利按其他任意顺序， 通过黄色辊筒单元、 红色辊筒单元、 青 色辊筒单元和黑色辊筒单元， 以黄色辊筒单元旋转一周为例说明印花过程， 黄 色辊筒 1上方的黄色辊筒涂布装置 1-1将黄色涂料色浆涂布于黄色辊筒 1上形成 色浆涂层。黄色辊筒 1按逆时针方向旋转，第二黄色辊筒烘干装置 1-2烘干黄色 辊筒 1上的色浆涂层。烘干后的色浆涂层受到黄色辊筒激光装置 1-3按照计算机 调控的、 与各反转分色图对应的激光束扫描； 辊筒色浆涂层中受到激光扫射的 涂料随之气化离去， 未受到激光扫射被保留的涂料随即形成需要的分色正图。 完成激光扫描的黄色辊筒 1旋转至底部与粘贴在印花导带 7上同步平移行进的 印花坯布接触时， 将黄色辊筒 1 上激光扫描后形成的分色正图转印至坯布上， 转印完成后，黄色辊筒 1继续旋转， 由黄色辊筒清洁装置 1-4清洁后再由第一黄 色辊筒烘干装置 1-5烘干， 完成整个激光印花过程， 并继续下一个激光印花生产 过程。
印花进布 6依次经过黄色辊筒单元、 红色辊筒单元、 青色辊筒单元和黑色 辊筒单元后在布面上形成彩色印花图案， 印花织物随后经过热压辊筒 5， 在一定 温度和压力作用下， 涂料固着于纺织物表面和内部， 即成印花成品。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种纺织激光印花方法， 其特征在于， 包括以下步骤：
( 1 )将与三分色或四分色或更多色对应的染料色浆或者涂料色浆分别涂布在旋 转辊筒上形成色浆涂层；
(2 ) 按照对应的分色图案， 各辊筒边旋转边接受激光束扫射， 辊筒色浆涂层中 受到激光扫射的染料或者涂料随之气化离去， 未受到激光扫射被保留的染料或 者涂料随即形成需要的分色图案；
(3 ) 形成分色图案的辊筒边同步旋转， 边将分色图案转印至纺织物上； 三色、 四色或更多色叠印后即在织物上形成所需要的彩色印花图案；
(4) 印有彩色印花图案的织物经过印花后处理工艺过程后， 即获得所需要的印 花产品。
2、 一种纺织激光印花装置， 其特征在于， 包括： 机架、 导带、 支撑辊、 调节辊、 多个旋转辊筒单元和热压辊筒； 其中， 所述支撑辊、 调节辊、 多个旋转辊筒单 元和热压辊筒均安装在机架上， 导带由支撑辊支撑并由调节辊调节张力； 多个 旋转辊筒单元依次布置在导带上并与导带接触， 每个旋转辊筒单元包括旋转辊 筒、 辊筒涂布装置和辊筒激光装置， 所述辊筒涂布装置和辊筒激光装置布置在 旋转辊筒的周围； 热压辊筒安装在最后一个旋转辊筒单元的后部。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述纺织激光印花装置， 其特征在于， 所述旋转辊筒单元还 包括辊筒清洁装置， 所述辊筒清洁装置置于辊筒激光装置之后。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述纺织激光印花装置， 其特征在于， 所述旋转辊筒单元还 包括第一辊筒烘干装置， 所述第一辊筒烘干装置置于辊筒清洁装置之后。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述纺织激光印花装置， 其特征在于， 所述旋转辊筒单元还 包括第二辊筒烘干装置， 所述第二辊筒烘干装置置于辊筒涂布装置与辊筒激光 装置之间。
6、 根据权利要求 2所述纺织激光印花装置， 其特征在于， 所述辊筒激光装置由 一个激光器和一个激光扫描装置组成； 该激光器是一种高平均功率的高重复频 率脉冲激光器， 主要为皮秒和纳秒脉冲激光器， 其平均功率大于 10W, 脉宽小于 500ns , 激光脉冲的重复频率大于 1kHz; 选自脉冲工作的二氧化碳激光器、 掺钕 钇铝石榴石激光器、 掺钕钒酸钇激光器， 镱掺杂的光纤激光器、 铒镱共掺光纤 激光器、 铥掺杂的光纤激光器、 固体-光纤复合型激光器以及由上述激光器的基 频波长倍频后所获得的激光器； 激光器发出的激光束入射到激光扫描装置， 并 由激光扫描装置聚焦到对应位置的染料或涂料涂层上。
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