WO2015100687A1 - 一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器 - Google Patents

一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015100687A1
WO2015100687A1 PCT/CN2014/000528 CN2014000528W WO2015100687A1 WO 2015100687 A1 WO2015100687 A1 WO 2015100687A1 CN 2014000528 W CN2014000528 W CN 2014000528W WO 2015100687 A1 WO2015100687 A1 WO 2015100687A1
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Prior art keywords
clamping
slip seat
cylinder
end cover
slip
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PCT/CN2014/000528
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黎健
王生
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恒天九五重工有限公司
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Application filed by 恒天九五重工有限公司 filed Critical 恒天九五重工有限公司
Publication of WO2015100687A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015100687A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/10Slips; Spiders ; Catching devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a holder, and more particularly to a hydraulic gripper technology field that can be used in a full hydraulic power head drill. Background technique
  • Fully hydraulic power head rigs are usually equipped with grippers, which are one of the key design factors for a fully hydraulic power head clip mechanism.
  • a normally closed hydraulic gripper is commonly used.
  • it mainly includes a left clamping device and a right clamping device which can be used for opposite and opposite movements, and a right and left slips thereof, and a thrust unit is arranged in the left and right clamping devices, such as
  • the thrust unit of the side clamping device adopts a one-way cylinder
  • the thrust unit of the other side clamping device adopts a spring
  • the one side cylinder clamps the drill rod and simultaneously drives the spring force of the other side to be "compressed" to clamp the drill rod.
  • the loosening operation is achieved by means of another one-way cylinder arranged on one side of the spring.
  • the holder relies on the deformation of the spring itself to achieve the purpose of clamping.
  • the spring must have fatigue. The greater the compression and extension frequency of the spring, the shorter the life of the spring. This requires frequent disassembly and replacement by the staff. If the one-way cylinder is loosened, the clamping force of the clamp is always dependent on the tension of the spring. It requires a larger size or more springs. At the same time, the increase of the spring tension is inevitable.
  • the one-way thrust of the cylinder is increased to open the clamping port against the spring force, which in turn causes an increase in the overall volume of the holder and a decrease in the hydraulic opening and closing efficiency.
  • a drill pipe holder for a power head drill comprising a base, a left clamping device and a right clamping device, the left clamping device comprising a left slip seat, a clamping cylinder and an elastic a clamping cylinder;
  • the clamping cylinder includes a clamping cylinder, a clamping piston mounted in the clamping cylinder and connected to the left slip seat;
  • the elastic clamping device comprises a clamping cylinder An outer elastic member; a rear end of the clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the left end cover, a right end of the clamping piston is connected to the left slip seat, and a left slip is disposed on the left slip seat, the elasticity One end of the component is placed on the left end cap, and the other end is on the left card.
  • the right clamping device comprises a loosening cylinder, a loosening piston, a jack and a support frame, the loosening cylinder is fixedly connected to the right end cover, and the loosening piston sleeve is disposed outside the loose cylinder
  • the support frame is disposed on the right end cover, the support frame is provided with a right slip seat, the right slip seat is provided with a right slip, and the middle portion of the right and right kava is provided a through hole, wherein the through hole is provided with a top rod;
  • the left end cover, the left slip seat and the right end cover, and the right slip seat are connected and locked by the guide rod;
  • a guide rail is disposed on the base, and a centering limit block is disposed in the middle of the guide rail, and a left limit block and a right limit block are disposed at both ends.
  • left slip seat and the right slip base have a guiding portion at the bottom, and the guiding portion is provided with a sliding slot.
  • a length of the top rod above the surface of the right slip is a distance between the guiding portion of the left slip seat and the left limit block sliding from the centering stop block.
  • the oil inlet port I is disposed on the left end cover of the left clamping body and communicates with the left clamping boosting cylinder; the oil inlet port is disposed on the right end cover and communicates with the releasing cylinder.
  • a sleeve is disposed outside the elastic element.
  • the position of the alignment stop block is satisfied: the clamping center of the left left slip is located at the center of the clamping of the drill holder.
  • the end face shape of the loosening piston includes an intermediate circular portion and an extending portion extending from the circular portion to both sides, the extending portion being on the bottom surface of the top post.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the clamping is not solely dependent on the deformation of the spring itself, the clamping can be pressurized, and the positioning and centering can be automatically set, thereby improving the working efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view showing a holder of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of Figure 1 of the holder of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1 of the holder of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 1 of the holder of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the hydraulic gripper of the present embodiment includes a base 14, a left gripping device, and a right gripping device and a guide rod 19.
  • the left clamping device includes a left slip seat 6 and a clamping cylinder and an elastic clamping device.
  • the left slip 7 is fixed to the left slip seat 6;
  • the clamping cylinder includes a clamping cylinder 2, a clamping piston 3 mounted in the clamping cylinder 2, and a left end cap fixed to the clamping cylinder 2.
  • the elastic clamping device comprises an elastic member 4 which is fitted around the periphery of the clamping cylinder 2.
  • the two ends of the elastic member 4 are respectively connected to the left end cover 1 and the left slip seat 6, and the elastic member is preferably a disc spring, and the elastic member 4 A sleeve 5 is provided outside.
  • the right gripping device includes a right slip seat 9 and a release cylinder.
  • the right slip 8 is fixedly connected to the right slip seat 9.
  • the release cylinder includes a release cylinder 11 and a release piston 10, the release cylinder 11 is fixedly coupled to the right end cover 12, and a support frame is disposed between the right end cover and the right slip seat 9, the pine
  • the open piston 10 is disposed outside the loosening cylinder 12 and is movable back and forth within the space of the support frame.
  • the left clamping device and the right clamping device are guided by four guiding rods 19, and one end of the guiding rod 19 is a protruding flange, and the guiding rod 19 is passed through the guiding holes of the right end cover and the right slip seat.
  • the guide holes of the left slip, the left slip seat and the left end cover are tightened with a tightening nut and locked with a lock nut.
  • a guide rail is mounted on the base 14, and the lower surface of the left slip seat 6 and the right slip seat 9 is provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove slides on the guide rail.
  • the left limit block 13 and the right limit block 18 are disposed on the guide rail, and a centering limit block 16 for positioning the left slip of the left slip 7 is located at the grip center of the holder.
  • Fig. 4 shows the shape of the end face of the loosening piston 10, which comprises an intermediate circular portion and an extension extending to both sides by a circular portion, the extension being placed on the bottom surface of the top pillar 17.
  • the holder of this embodiment is simpler in structure and has no weakening of the clamping function as compared with the conventional holder.
  • the working process of the hydraulic gripper of this embodiment is as follows:
  • the hydraulic gripper of the embodiment maintains the gripper normally closed by providing an elastic clamping device, and the left end of the elastic member 4 presses the left end cap and drives the loosening cylinder 11 and the right slip seat 9 to move to the left; The right end presses the left slip seat 6, drives the left slip seat 6 and the left slip 7 to move to the right to clamp the drill rod. At this time, the oil pressure is released, and when it is not working, it is in the state of clamping the drill;
  • the main working parts are a clamping cylinder and a release cylinder, and a pair of disc springs are connected to one side of the clamping cylinder;
  • the length of the ejector rod 17 above the surface of the right slip 8 is the distance between the guide portion of the left slip seat 6 sliding from the centering stop block 16 to the left limit block 13.
  • the above technical solution can realize automatic self-aligning and automatic resetting of the gripper when the drilling machine clamps the drill pipe, and can realize the pressure clamping.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器,包括底座(14)、左夹持装置和右夹持装置,左夹持装置包括左卡瓦座(6)、夹紧油缸和弹性夹紧装置;夹紧油缸包括夹紧缸体(2)、夹紧活塞(3);弹性夹紧装置包括弹性元件(4);左卡瓦座上设有左卡瓦(7),弹性元件(4)的一端抵在左端盖(1)上,另一端顶在左卡瓦座上;右夹持体包括松开缸体(11)、松开活塞(10)、顶杆(17),右卡瓦座和右卡瓦中间部位设置有通孔,通孔中设有顶杆(17);左端盖(1)、左卡瓦座(6)和右端盖(12)、右卡瓦座(9)通过导向杆(19)连接并锁紧;底座(14)上设置有导轨(15),在导轨的中间设置有调心限位块(16),两端设置有左限位块(13)、右限位块(18)。夹持器不单纯依靠弹簧自身变形来夹持、能够自动定位和调心,结构简单,维修方便。

Description

一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种夹持器, 具体涉及一种可用于全液压动力头式钻机的液压夹持器技术领 域。 背景技术
全液压动力头式钻机通常都设有夹持器, 夹持器是全液压动力头式卡夹机构的设计关键 之一。 目前常用的是常闭式液压夹持器, 如, 主要包括可作相向及相反运动的左夹持装置和 右夹持装置及其配合的左右卡瓦, 左右夹持装置内设置推力单元, 如一侧夹持装置的推力单 元采用单向油缸, 另一侧夹持装置的推力单元采用弹簧, 一侧油缸夹紧钻杆同时带动另一侧 的弹簧 "被压缩"的弹力来夹紧钻杆, 同时依靠布置于弹簧一侧的另一单向油缸实现松开操 作。
上述现有技术存在缺陷如下-
( 1 )夹持器依靠弹簧自身形变来达到夹持目的, 弹簧必然存在疲劳度, 弹簧压缩伸展频 率越大, 其寿命便越短, 这就需要工作人员经常性的拆卸更换。 如果使用单向油缸松开, 仅 靠弹簧夹紧的夹持器时, 其夹持力的大小往往取决于弹簧的张力, 需较大规格或较多弹簧, 同时, 弹簧张力的增大又必然导致油缸单向推力增大, 以便克服弹簧力张开夹持口, 这又造 成夹持器整体体积的增大及液压启闭效率的降低。
(2)弹簧长时间使用会疲劳而导致张力降低,而对侧的施压方的单向油缸压力仍然不变, 会导致夹持装置的夹持轴心的偏移, 最终导致钻杆轴心线与夹持通孔的轴线不重合, 出现钻 杆弯折和折断现象。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的提供一种不单纯依靠弹簧自身变形来夹持、 能够自动定位和调心的夹持器。
本发明是这样实现的, 一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器, 包括底座、 左夹持装置和右夹 持装置, 所述左夹持装置包括左卡瓦座、 夹紧油缸和弹性夹紧装置; 所述夹紧油缸包括夹紧 缸体、 安装在所述夹紧缸体内并与与左卡瓦座相连的夹紧活塞; 所述弹性夹紧装置包括套在 夹紧缸体外的弹性元件; 所述夹紧缸体的尾端固连在左端盖上, 所述夹紧活塞右端与左卡瓦 座相连, 所述左卡瓦座上设有左卡瓦, 所述弹性元件的一端抵在左端盖上, 另一端顶在左卡 瓦座上; 所述右夹持装置包括松开缸体、 松开活塞、 顶杆和支撑架, 所述松开缸体与右端盖 固连, 所述松开活塞套设在松幵油缸体外; 所述支撑架设置在右端盖上, 所述支撑架上设置 有右卡瓦座, 所述右卡瓦座上设置有右卡瓦, 所述右卡瓦座和右卡瓦中间部位设置有通孔, 所述通孔中设有顶杆;
所述左端盖、 左卡瓦座和右端盖、 右卡瓦座通过导向杆连接并锁紧;
所述底座上设置有导轨, 在导轨的中间设置有调心限位块, 两端设置有左限位块、 右限 位块。
进一步地, 所述左卡瓦座和右卡瓦座底部具有导向部, 所述导向部内设有滑槽。
进一步地, 所述顶杆高出右卡瓦表面的长度为所述所述左卡瓦座的导向部从调心限位块 滑动到所述左限位块之间的距离。
进一步地, 进油口 I设置在所述左夹持体的左端盖上, 并与左夹紧增压油缸相通; 进油 口 Π设置在右端盖上, 并与松开缸体相通。
进一步地, 所述弹性元件外侧设有套筒。
进一步地, 所述调心限位块的位置满足: 使得被限位后的左卡瓦的夹持中心位于所述钻 杆夹持器的夹持中心。
进一步地,所述松开活塞的端面形状包括中间的圆形部和由圆形部向两侧延伸的延伸部, 所述延伸部顶在所述顶柱的底面上。
本发明的有益效果是: 不单纯依靠弹簧自身变形来夹持,能够增压夹持, 同时能够自动定 位和调心, 提高了工作效率。
附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例的夹持器主剖视图。
图 2为本发明实施例的夹持器图 1的 A- A剖视图。
图 3为本发明实施例的夹持器图 1的 B- B剖视图。
图 4为本发明实施例的夹持器图 1的 C- C剖视图。
上述图中的附图标记-
1左端盖, 2夹紧缸体 3夹紧活塞, 4弹性元件, 5套筒, 6左卡瓦座, 7左卡瓦, 8右 卡瓦, 9右卡瓦座, 10松开活塞, 11松开缸体, 12右端盖, 13左限位块, 14底座, 15导 轨, 16调心限位块, 17 顶柱, 18右限位块, 19 导向柱
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例作详细说明, 但不用来限制本发明的范围。 如图 1-3所示, 本实施例的液压夹持器, 包括底座 14、 左夹持装置和右夹持装置和导向 杆 19。 所述左夹持装置包括左卡瓦座 6和夹紧油缸及弹性夹紧装置。 左卡瓦 7与左卡瓦座 6 固连; 所述夹紧油缸包括夹紧缸体 2、 安装在夹紧缸体 2内的夹紧活塞 3和与夹紧缸体 2固 连的左端盖 1。弹性夹紧装置包括套装在夹紧缸体 2***的弹性元件 4,弹性元件 4的两端分 别与左端盖 1和左卡瓦座 6相连, 所述弹性元件优选碟簧, 所述弹性元件 4外设有套筒 5。
右夹持装置包括右卡瓦座 9和松开油缸。右卡瓦 8与右卡瓦座 9固定连接。所述松开油缸 包括松开缸体 11和松开活塞 10,所述松开缸体 11与右端盖 12固连,在右端盖和右卡瓦座 9 之间设有支撑架, 所述松开活塞 10设置在松开缸体 12外, 可在支撑架的空间内前后移动。
所述左夹持装置和右夹持装置通过四跟导向杆 19导向, 所述导向杆 19一端为突出法兰, 将该导向杆 19穿过右端盖及右卡瓦座的导向孔, 穿过左卡瓦、 左卡瓦座和左端盖的导向孔, 用拧紧螺母拧紧, 用锁紧螺母锁紧。
在底座 14上安装导轨 15, 所述左卡瓦座 6、 右卡瓦座 9的下表面设有导槽, 所述导槽在 导轨上滑动。 在导轨上设置有左限位块 13、 右限位块 18和使得被限位后的左卡瓦 7的夹持 中心位于夹持器的夹持中心的调心限位块 16。
图 4示出松开活塞 10的端面的形状, 其包括中间的圆形部和由圆形部向两侧延伸的延伸 部, 所述延伸部顶在顶柱 17的底面上。
本实施例的夹持器与现有的夹持器相比, 结构更加简单, 且夹持功能没有减弱。本实施例 的液压夹持器的工作过程如下:
本实施例的液压夹持器通过设置弹性夹紧装置使得夹持器保持常闭,弹性元件 4左端通过 压紧左端盖并带动松开缸体 11、 右卡瓦座 9向左运动; 弹性元件右端通过压紧左卡瓦座 6, 带动左卡瓦座 6及左卡瓦 7向右移动从而夹紧钻杆, 此时, 油压松开, 在不工作时, 处于夹 紧钻具状态;
主工作部件为夹紧油缸和松开油缸, 夹紧油缸一侧连接一组碟簧;
增压夹紧时, 向夹紧油缸 2内进高压油, 在液压力的作用下, 推动夹紧活塞 3和左卡瓦座 6右移, 左卡瓦座 6到达调心限位块 16受阻, 此时左卡瓦 7与钻杆体外圆恰好相切, 左卡瓦 的夹持中心位于夹持器的夹持中线。 油缸继续工作, 此时夹紧活塞 3停止不动, 夹紧油缸的 夹紧缸体 2带动左缸盖 1、导向杆 19向左运动,导向杆 19带动右端盖 12、松开缸体 11左移, 从而实现增压夹紧。
松开钻杆时, 向松开油缸 11内进高压油, 在液压力的作用下, 松幵活塞 10左移, 推动顶 杆 17, 顶杆 17克服弹性元件 4的弹力和夹紧油缸 2的回油压力, 推动左卡瓦座 6左移, 当 左卡瓦座 6到达左限位块 13时, 油缸继续工作, 此时松开活塞 10停止不动, 松开油缸的松 开缸体 11带动右缸盖 12及右卡瓦座 9右移, 松开钻杆。
所述顶杆 17高出右卡瓦 8表面的长度为所述左卡瓦座 6的导向部从调心限位块 16滑动到 所述左限位块 13之间的距离。
上述技术方案可实现钻机夹持钻杆时夹持器的自动调心和自动复位, 并可实现增压夹紧。

Claims

1、 一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器, 包括底座 (14)、 左夹持装置和右夹持装置, 其特征在 于,
所述左夹持装置包括左卡瓦座(6)、夹紧油缸和弹性夹紧装置; 所述夹紧油缸包括夹紧 缸体 (2)、 安装在所述夹紧缸体内并与左卡瓦座相连的夹紧活塞 (3); 所述弹性夹紧装置包 括套在夹紧缸体外的弹性元件(4); 所述夹紧缸体的尾端固连在左端盖(1 )上, 所述夹紧活 塞右端与左卡瓦座相连, 所述左卡瓦座上设有左卡瓦(7), 所述弹性元件(4) 的一端抵在左 端盖上, 另一端顶在左卡瓦座上;
所述右夹持装置包括松开缸体 (11 )、 松开活塞 (10)、 顶杆 (17) 和支撑架, 所述松开 缸体与右端盖 (12) 固连, 所述松开活塞 (10)套设在松开油缸体外; 所述支撑架设置在右 端盖上, 所述支撑架上设置有右卡瓦座 (9), 所述右卡瓦座上设置有右卡瓦 (8), 所述右卡 瓦座和右卡瓦中间部位设置有通孔, 所述通孔中设有顶杆 (17);
所述左端盖(1 )、 左卡瓦座(6)和右端盖(12)、 右卡瓦座(9)通过导向杆(19)连接 并锁紧;
所述底座 (14) 上设置有导轨 (15), 在导轨的中间设置有调心限位块 (16), 两端设置 有左限位块(13)、 右限位块(18)。
2、—种如权利要求 1所述一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器, 其特征在于, 所述左卡瓦座 (6) 和右卡瓦座 (9)底部具有导向部, 所述导向部内设有滑槽。
3、 —种如权利要求 1所述一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器, 其特征在于, 所述顶杆(17) 高 出右卡瓦 (8)表面的长度为所述所述左卡瓦座 (6) 的导向部从调心限位块(16)滑动到所 述左限位块(13)之间的距离。
4、 一种如权利要求 1所述一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器, 其特征在于, 进油口 I设置在所 述左夹持体的左端盖(1 )上, 并与左夹紧增压油缸相通; 进油口 II设置在右端盖(12)上, 并与松开缸体 (11 )相通。
5、—种如权利要求 1-4之一的所述一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器, 其特征在于, 所述弹性 元件 (4) 外侧设有套筒 (5)。
6、一种如权利要求 5所述一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器,其特征在于,所述调心限位块(16) 的位置满足: 使得被限位后的左卡瓦 (7) 的夹持中心位于所述钻杆夹持器的夹持中心。
7、 一种如权利要求 1-6之一的所述一种动力头式钻机的钻杆夹持器, 其特征在于, 所述松开 活塞 (10) 的端面形状包括中间的圆形部和由圆形部向两侧延伸的延伸部, 所述延伸部顶在 所述顶柱 (17) 的底面上
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