WO2015016258A1 - 複合ポリエステル組成物、潤滑剤組成物、潤滑剤及び複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
複合ポリエステル組成物、潤滑剤組成物、潤滑剤及び複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015016258A1 WO2015016258A1 PCT/JP2014/070056 JP2014070056W WO2015016258A1 WO 2015016258 A1 WO2015016258 A1 WO 2015016258A1 JP 2014070056 W JP2014070056 W JP 2014070056W WO 2015016258 A1 WO2015016258 A1 WO 2015016258A1
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- polyester composition
- lubricant
- composite polyester
- oil
- composition according
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
- C10M129/78—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, hydroxy carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C69/602—Dicarboxylic acid esters having at least two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/52—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/52—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
- C08G63/54—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/547—Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/52—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
- C08G63/54—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/553—Acids or hydroxy compounds containing cycloaliphatic rings, e.g. Diels-Alder adducts
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G63/668—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/676—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C10M105/46—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monohydroxy compounds, dihydroxy compounds and dicarboxylic acids only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/22—Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/0406—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates used as base material
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- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
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- C10M2209/1023—Polyesters used as base material
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- C10M2213/0606—Perfluoro polymers used as base material
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- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
- C10M2229/025—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones used as base material
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
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- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
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- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
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- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/14—Composite materials or sliding materials in which lubricants are integrally molded
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite polyester composition and a lubricant. Specifically, the present invention relates to a composite polyester composition containing a specific polyester and a lubricant containing the composite polyester composition.
- Lubricants generally contain base oil and various additives.
- Base oils include mineral oils obtained from crude oils, chemically synthesized ester oils, fluorine oils, polyalphaolefin oils, and the like.
- ester oils are suitably used for jet aircraft, automobile engine oils, greases and the like because of their low pour point, high viscosity index, high flash point, good lubricating performance, biodegradability, and the like.
- ester oil monoester obtained from reaction of aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and monohydric alcohol; diester obtained from reaction of aliphatic dibasic acid and monohydric alcohol; polyhydric alcohol and aliphatic carboxylic acid;
- Various esters are disclosed (Patent Documents 1 to 5), such as esters obtained from the above reaction; and complex esters obtained from reaction with polyols, polybasic acids, and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.
- Patent Documents 6 to 8 disclose polyester compositions obtained from a reaction between an aliphatic dibasic acid and a polyol.
- Patent Document 6 discloses an ester obtained from a reaction between a polyol and an aliphatic diacid dimer. Here, the obtained ester is used as a cosmetic composition.
- Patent Document 7 discloses an ester obtained from the reaction of a polyol, a fatty acid, and a dibasic acid.
- Patent Document 8 discloses an ester obtained from the reaction of a polyol, a dibasic acid, and a monohydric alcohol. Esters are disclosed. In these documents, it is said that the ester obtained as an ester can be used as a lubricant composition and can exhibit excellent lubricating performance.
- the lubricant containing the ester disclosed in Patent Document 8 can exhibit a certain level of lubrication performance, it has been clarified by the present inventors that the transparency of the lubricant is low. With such a low transparency lubricant, it is difficult to determine the progress of the deterioration of the lubricant, and it may be difficult to detect when foreign matter is mixed in the lubricant.
- the present inventors provide a lubricant having excellent lubricating performance and capable of exhibiting excellent lubricating performance even under extreme pressure conditions in order to solve such problems of the conventional technology. We proceeded with the study for the purpose of doing this. Furthermore, the present inventors have also studied for the purpose of providing a highly transparent lubricant that can easily determine the progress of the deterioration of the lubricant and the presence or absence of contamination.
- the present inventors can exhibit excellent lubricating performance even under extreme pressure conditions by obtaining a composite polyester composition containing a specific polyester.
- the specific polyester is a polyester obtained by condensing a polyhydric alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms, and a monohydric alcohol.
- the present inventors have found that a highly transparent lubricant can be obtained by using a composite polyester composition containing such a polyester, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- a composite polyester composition comprising a polyester obtained by condensing a polyhydric alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms and a monohydric alcohol.
- the monovalent alcohol is a composite polyester composition according to any one of [1] to [4] represented by the following general formula (1);
- R a has an alkyl group which may have a substituent, a cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- X a1 and X a2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group.
- Na1 represents an integer of 2 to 4
- na2 represents an integer of 1 to 12.
- the lubricant according to [16] which is used as a lubricant, shock absorber oil or rolling oil.
- a method for producing a composite polyester composition comprising a step of mixing a polyhydric alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms and a monohydric alcohol to obtain a mixture, and a step of dehydrating and condensing the mixture .
- the equivalent ratio of mixing the dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms with respect to the polyhydric alcohol is 1 to 3
- the equivalent ratio of mixing the monohydric alcohol is 0.5 to 3.
- the step of dehydrating and condensing includes a step of adding 1 to 25% by mass of a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point of 110 to 160 ° C. to the mixture and advancing the dehydrating condensation while azeotropically distilling water.
- 18] or [19] The method for producing a composite polyester composition according to [19].
- [21] The method for producing a composite polyester composition according to [18] or [19], wherein the dehydrating and condensing step is a step of condensing without solvent.
- a composite polyester composition capable of exhibiting high lubricating performance even under extreme pressure conditions can be obtained. Furthermore, since the highly transparent lubricant can be obtained by using the composite polyester composition of the present invention, it is possible to easily determine the progress of deterioration of the lubricant and the presence or absence of contamination. For this reason, the composite polyester composition of the present invention is easy to use and is preferably used as a lubricant in various applications.
- a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- the present invention relates to a composite polyester composition containing a predetermined polyester.
- the composite polyester composition of the present invention includes a polyester obtained by condensing a polyhydric alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms, and a monohydric alcohol.
- a composite polyester composition capable of exhibiting high lubricating performance even under extreme pressure conditions can be obtained by including such a specific polyester.
- the composite polyester composition obtained by the present invention is also characterized by high transparency.
- the polyhydric alcohol used for polyester condensation is a compound containing at least two hydroxyl groups.
- the polyhydric alcohol is represented by R (OH) n .
- R is an n-valent aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic ring group, and one or more carbon atoms not adjacent to each other in R may be substituted with an oxygen atom.
- the polyhydric alcohol molecule preferably contains 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, more preferably 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups.
- the polyhydric alcohol used in the present invention may be one of dihydric to hexahydric polyhydric alcohols, or a plurality of them. For example, a mixture of any two of dihydric to hexavalent polyhydric alcohols may be used, or a mixture of any three of them may be used, or all of the five polyhydric alcohols may be used. A mixture may be used.
- the content of the divalent polyhydric alcohol is preferably 40% by mass or less, and preferably 30% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the polyhydric alcohol. Is more preferable, and it is further more preferable that it is 20 mass% or less.
- R is preferably an n-valent aliphatic group containing 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 15, more preferably 2 to 10, even more preferably 2 to 7, particularly preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms. . However, it is not limited to this range, and depending on the application, it may be preferable that the number of carbon atoms is rather large.
- Preferred examples of R include C x H 2X + 2-n (x is a number from 2 to 20) or C x H 2X + 2-n O m (x is a number from 2 to 20, m satisfies m ⁇ x. More preferably a group represented by m ⁇ x / 2.
- Examples of the polyhydric alcohol that can be used in the present invention include the following compounds. Diols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-dimethylolcyclohexane, neopentyl glycol; trimethylolmethane, trimethylolethane , Triols such as trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, glycerol; tetraols such as trimethylolpropane, multiols such as dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol; xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, erythritol, maltitol, isomalt, Sugar alcohols such as albinitol, ribitol, iditol, boremitol, and periseito
- neopentyl glycol trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, glycerin, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and xylitol are preferable; trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, glycerin, pentaerythritol, and dipentayl.
- Polyhydric alcohols containing three or more hydroxyl groups such as erythritol are more preferred; trimethylolpropane, glycerin, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, etc.
- pentaerythritol and trimethylolpropane are particularly preferred. These do not need to be high-purity products, and are preferably used even in so-called industrial brands.
- an industrial brand of pentaerythritol is said to consist of about 88% mono-, 10% di- and 1-2% tri-pentaerythritol.
- an industrial brand such as pentaerythritol is used in the present invention. It can be used as a polyhydric alcohol.
- polyhydric alcohol that can be used in the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the C44 dicarboxylic acid used for polyester condensation is preferably a dimer of an unsaturated fatty acid having 22 carbons, and more preferably an erucic acid dimer.
- the erucic acid dimer is a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms obtained by dimerizing an unsaturated fatty acid (erucic acid) having 22 carbon atoms.
- Examples of erucic acid preferably used for dimerization of erucic acid dimer include compounds such as CAS No. 112-86-7.
- Pripol 1004 trade name (manufactured by Croda).
- the monohydric alcohol used for polyester condensation is a compound containing one hydroxyl group in one molecule.
- a monohydric alcohol is represented by R (OH).
- R is a monovalent aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic ring group, and one or more carbon atoms which are not adjacent to each other in R may be substituted with an oxygen atom.
- R preferably has 4 or more carbon atoms, more preferably 6 or more, and even more preferably 8 or more.
- Examples of the monohydric alcohol suitable for the present invention include butanol, pentanol, propanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, decanol, dodecanol, hexadecanol, octadecanol, eicosadecanol, phytosterol, isostearol, stearol. Cetol, behenol, ethylene glycol monoether, polyethylene glycol monoether and the like.
- the monohydric alcohol used in the present invention is preferably one represented by the following general formula (1).
- Ra represents an alkyl group which may have a substituent, a cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group part of the alkyl group which may have a substituent represented by Ra is preferably 3 to 22, more preferably 4 to 17, and more preferably 5 to 13. Is more preferable.
- the alkyl group represented by R a may be linear or branched. R a may be a cycloalkyl group.
- the carbon number of the alkenyl group part of the alkenyl group which may have a substituent represented by Ra is preferably 3 to 17, more preferably 4 to 13, and 5 to 9. Is more preferable.
- the alkyl group represented by R a may be linear, branched or cyclic.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group part of the aryl group or heteroaryl group which may have a substituent represented by R a is preferably 6-17, and more preferably 6-12.
- Examples of the aryl group represented by Ra include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group, and among them, a phenyl group is particularly preferable.
- Examples of the heteroaryl group represented by Ra include imidazolyl, pyridyl, quinolyl, furyl, thienyl, benzoxazolyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzthiazolyl, carbazolyl, azepinyl Can be illustrated.
- the hetero atom contained in the heteroaryl group is preferably an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or a nitrogen atom, and more preferably an oxygen atom.
- Ra is an alkyl group which may have a substituent.
- the alkyl group may be a branched alkyl group.
- X a1 and X a2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- na1 is preferably an integer of 2 or 3, and more preferably 2.
- Na2 is more preferably an integer of 1 to 8, more preferably an integer of 1 to 6, and particularly preferably an integer of 1 to 3.
- the carbon number of the monohydric alcohol represented by the general formula (1) is preferably 4 or more, more preferably 6 or more, and further preferably 8 or more.
- R a may have include a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms (for example, methyl, ethyl, all of which are linear or branched, propyl, butyl, Pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, or tetracosyl); alkenyl having 2 to 35 carbon atoms Groups (eg, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl,
- substituents may further have one or more substituents.
- substituents include alkoxy groups, alkoxycarbonyl groups, halogen atoms, ether groups, alkylcarbonyl groups, cyano groups. Group, thioether group, sulfoxide group, sulfonyl group, amide group and the like.
- the dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms, and the monohydric alcohol for example, dimer acid may be further mixed and condensed.
- 44 carbon dicarboxylic acid and dimer acid may be used in combination, or erucic acid dimer and dimer acid may be used in combination.
- the mixing ratio of the dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms and the dimer acid is preferably 1: 0.1 to 4, more preferably 1: 0.2 to 2, and 1: 0.5 to 1. More preferably.
- C44 dicarboxylic acid and monohydric alcohol for example, trimer acid may be further mixed and condensed. That is, in the present invention, a C44 dicarboxylic acid and trimer acid may be used in combination, or erucic acid dimer and trimer acid may be used in combination. In addition to the dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms, a mixture of both dimer acid and trimer acid can also be used.
- the mixing ratio of the dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms and the trimer acid is preferably 1: 0.05 to 2, more preferably 1: 0.1 to 1, and 1: 0.2 to 0.5. More preferably.
- the dimer acid is an aliphatic or alicyclic dicarboxylic acid produced by dimerization of an unsaturated fatty acid (usually 18 carbon atoms) by polymerization or Diels-Alder reaction (in addition to most dimers, Many of them contain trimers, monomers and the like of several mol%), and among them, those whose main components are trimers are defined as trimer acids.
- dimer acid or trimer acid Tsunodim (registered trademark) 205, 216, 228, and 395 manufactured by Tsukino Food Industry Co., Ltd. can be exemplified as dimer acid, and tunnodim 345 and the like can be exemplified as trimer acid.
- the composite polyester composition of the present invention includes a polyester obtained by mixing a polyhydric alcohol as described above, a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms, and a monohydric alcohol and condensing the mixture. At least one polyester obtained by condensing the mixture is preferably represented by the following general formula (2).
- R represents an n-valent atomic group
- R 1 represents a residue of a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents an alkyl which may have a substituent.
- N represents an integer of 2 to 6.
- R represents a divalent to hexavalent atomic group.
- n is preferably an integer of 3 to 6, and R preferably represents a trivalent to hexavalent atomic group. That is, the polyhydric alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups is preferably a compound containing three or more hydroxyl groups.
- the structure of the polyester when R is a trivalent atomic group can be represented by the general formula (3), and the structure of the polyester when R is a tetravalent atomic group can be represented by the general formula (4). .
- R represents a trivalent atomic group
- R 1 and R 2 are the same as R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (2).
- R represents a tetravalent atom group
- R 1 and R 2 are the same as R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (2).
- the carbon number of R is preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 15, further preferably 2 to 10, and 2 to 7. More preferably, it is more preferably 3-6.
- the atoms constituting the atomic group R are preferably carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
- R is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon atomic group that may have a substituent, or an aromatic hydrocarbon atomic group that may have a substituent.
- R is particularly preferably an atomic group composed of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon which may have a substituent.
- R 1 represents a residue of a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms.
- the residue of a C44 dicarboxylic acid refers to a group constituting a portion obtained by removing two carboxyl groups from a C44 dicarboxylic acid.
- R 2 represents an alkyl group which may have a substituent, a cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a substituent Represents a heteroaryl group which may have Specific examples of the group that R 2 can take include groups represented by R a in formula (1).
- the substituent of each group that R 2 may have is not particularly limited. As the substituent, the above substituents can be exemplified similarly.
- R 2 preferably has 4 or more carbon atoms, more preferably 6 or more, and still more preferably 8 or more.
- R 2 is preferably a group having an oxyalkylene structure. That is, R 2 is preferably a branched alkyl group or an alkyl group containing an ether bond in the chain. By making R 2 such a substituent, the lubricating performance of the composite polyester composition can be further enhanced.
- the equivalent ratio of mixing the C44 dicarboxylic acid to the polyhydric alcohol is 1 to 3
- the mixing ratio is more preferably 1: 1.2 to 2.8: 0.7 to 2.8, and more preferably 1: 1.5 to 2.5: 1 to 2.5. preferable.
- the total equivalent of the polyhydric alcohol and the monohydric alcohol is preferably the same or larger than the equivalent of the C44 dicarboxylic acid.
- the viscosity of the composite polyester composition of the present invention at 40 ° C. is preferably 50 to 1650 mPas.
- the viscosity at 40 ° C. of the composite polyester composition is preferably 50 mPas or more, more preferably 70 mPas or more, and further preferably 100 mPas or more.
- the viscosity of the composite polyester composition at 40 ° C. is preferably 1650 mPas or less, more preferably 1200 mPas or less, and further preferably 1000 mPas or less.
- the composite polyester composition of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it has an excellent characteristic that the increase in the friction coefficient from the normal fluid lubrication or elastohydrodynamic lubrication region to the extreme pressure region is small. Such an excellent effect is considered to be obtained when the polyester obtained in the present invention has a three-dimensional structure in which side chains are arranged radially.
- the polyester obtained by the present invention becomes a terminal linking group of a polyhydric alcohol capable of radially arranging a side chain, a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms connected thereto and extending radially, and a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms. It is a compound composed of a monohydric alcohol.
- a polyhydric alcohol is used as a central atomic group and a side chain is provided, so that a large free volume can be ensured by the three-dimensional structure. Thereby, an increase in viscosity and friction coefficient can be suppressed even under high pressure.
- a light component in addition to the predetermined polyester, a light component may be further included.
- the light component refers to a component having a low molecular weight, and refers to an ester obtained by reacting all carboxyl groups of a C44 dicarboxylic acid with a monohydric alcohol and a compound having a smaller molecular weight.
- the viscosity of the composite polyester composition can be further lowered by allowing a liquid having a lower viscosity, such as a light component, to coexist. Thereby, high lubrication performance can be exhibited even under extreme pressure conditions.
- the ratio between the predetermined polyester and the light component is not particularly limited.
- the content of the light component is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 45% by mass or less, and 40% by mass or less with respect to the predetermined polyester. More preferably.
- the ratio between the predetermined polyester and the light component can be achieved by controlling the charging ratio of the three raw materials in the production method described later. Moreover, it can also adjust to a preferable range by isolate
- the composition ratio between the predetermined polyester and the light component containing dimer diol can be calculated by measuring gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The light component is easy to distinguish because the peak of GPC analysis appears sharply and its intensity is large.
- unreacted COOH in the dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms may remain in the side chain of the polyester contained in the composite polyester composition, and in the polyhydric alcohol or monohydric alcohol.
- unreacted OH may be present, if OH and COOH remain, the hydroxyl value and the acid value increase, which may be undesirable depending on the application (for example, the use of a lubricant).
- OH and COOH in the polyester can be eliminated by separate acylation and / or esterification treatment, and the hydroxyl value and acid value can be reduced.
- the proportion of unreacted OH in the polyester can be determined by measuring 13 C-NMR.
- the residual ratio of OH in the polyester is preferably 0 to 40%, more preferably 0 to 35%, and further preferably 0 to 30%.
- the acid value of the polyester is preferably 0 to 50, more preferably 0 to 40, and 0 to 30. More preferably it is. However, it is not limited to this range.
- the composite polyester composition of the present invention can be obtained by charging at least three raw materials of the above-mentioned polyhydric alcohol, dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms and monohydric alcohol, followed by dehydration condensation. That is, the method for producing a composite polyester composition of the present invention comprises a step of mixing a polyhydric alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups, a dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms and a monohydric alcohol to obtain a mixture, and dehydrating condensation of the mixture. The process of carrying out is included.
- two raw materials for example, a polyhydric alcohol and a C44 dicarboxylic acid, or a C44 dicarboxylic acid and a monohydric alcohol
- two raw materials for example, a polyhydric alcohol and a C44 dicarboxylic acid, or a C44 dicarboxylic acid and a monohydric alcohol
- the charging ratio (mixing ratio) of the polyhydric alcohol, the dicarboxylic acid having 44 carbon atoms and the monohydric alcohol is determined by an equivalent amount.
- the equivalent here means the chemical equivalent of COOH or OH in the reaction.
- the equivalent of the polyhydric alcohol is defined as n ⁇ M1.
- the equivalent of a C44 dicarboxylic acid is defined as 2 ⁇ M2, where M2 is the number of moles.
- M3 is defined as M3.
- the above ratio is a ratio of these n ⁇ M1, 2 ⁇ M2, and M3.
- the mixing ratio is more preferably 1: 1.2 to 2.8: 0.7 to 2.8, and more preferably 1: 1.5 to 2.5: 1 to 2.5. preferable.
- the side chain of the polyester is preferably end-capped, the total equivalent of the polyhydric alcohol and the monohydric alcohol is preferably the same or larger than the equivalent of the C44 dicarboxylic acid.
- the composite polyester composition of the present invention can be obtained by subjecting the mixture charged as described above to a dehydration condensation reaction in the presence or absence of a catalyst.
- This solvent is preferably a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point of 100 to 200 ° C., more preferably a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point of 100 to 170 ° C., and most preferably a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point of 110 to 160 ° C.
- these solvents include toluene, xylene, mesitylene and the like. If the amount to be added is too large, the liquid temperature will be in the vicinity of the solvent, and dehydration condensation will not proceed easily.
- the addition amount is preferably 1 to 25% by mass, more preferably 2 to 20% by mass, and particularly preferably 3 to 15% by mass with respect to the total amount of the polyhydric alcohol, the C44 dicarboxylic acid and the monohydric alcohol. 5 to 12% by mass is also preferable.
- the mixture may be condensed without a solvent.
- the “solvent-free” condition means that the content of the solvent is 1% by mass or less based on the total amount of the polyhydric alcohol, the C44 dicarboxylic acid and the monohydric alcohol. The inclusion of a small amount of solvent is included in the “solvent-free” condition in the present invention.
- the reaction is carried out at a liquid temperature of 120 to 250 ° C., preferably 130 to 240 ° C., more preferably 130 to 230 ° C., particularly preferably 140 to 220 ° C.
- a solvent containing water is azeotroped, cooled at a cooling site such as Dean Stark, and becomes a liquid to separate water and the solvent. This water may be removed.
- the reaction time since the theoretically generated water amount is calculated from the number of moles charged, it is preferable to carry out the reaction until the water amount is obtained, but it is difficult to complete the reaction completely. Even if the reaction is terminated when the theoretical water generation amount is 60 to 90%, the lubricity of the composite polyester composition is good.
- the reaction time is 1 to 24 hours, preferably 3 to 18 hours, more preferably 5 to 18 hours, and most preferably 6 to 15 hours.
- the remaining OH may be acylated.
- a suitable amount of monobasic acid (R 1 COOH) or monobasic acid anhydride ((R 1 CO) 2 O), preferably monobasic acid anhydride ((R 1 CO) 2 O) is added
- at least a part, preferably almost all of the remaining OH can be converted to OCOR 1 by heating at 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 120 ° C. or higher, particularly 150 ° C. or higher. It is preferable to remove the by-product volatile matter by distillation described later.
- R 1 is an alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a butyl group, or a phenyl group.
- a methyl group or a phenyl group is preferable, and a methyl group is particularly preferable.
- an esterification treatment may be performed in order to eliminate the remaining COOH.
- the esterification treatment can be performed, for example, by adding diazomethane, and at least a part, preferably almost all of COOH can be converted into a methyl ester.
- a composite polyester composition containing a predetermined polyester and a soft component containing at least the ester produced as described above is obtained.
- the resulting composite polyester composition can be used as it is for various uses, for example, as a lubricant.
- Various processes may be performed depending on the application.
- the composite polyester After completion of the reaction and the treatment after the reaction, it is preferable to perform filtration to remove dust and the like.
- the composite polyester becomes solid, it can be melted out or taken out as a powder by reprecipitation.
- the present invention may relate to a lubricant composition containing at least a composite polyester composition.
- the composite polyester composition of the present invention and various additives and / or media can be added to the lubricant composition.
- additives include antiwear agents, viscosity index improvers, antioxidants, detergents, dispersants, flow agents, curing agents, corrosion inhibitors, seal conformers, antifoaming agents, rust inhibitors, and corrosion inhibitors. , One or more selected from friction modifiers and thickeners. By adding such an additive, a preferable function as a lubricant such as wear suppression can be imparted.
- the lubricant that can be used in the present invention reference can be made to the descriptions in paragraphs [0098] to [0165] of JP2011-89106A.
- the “medium” means all the media generally called “fluid liquids”. However, it is not necessary to be liquid at room temperature or the temperature used, and any form of material such as solid and gel can be used in addition to liquid. There is no restriction
- the description in paragraphs [0067] to [0096] of JP2011-89106A can be referred to.
- the lubricant composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity at 40 ° C. of 1650 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 1200 mPa ⁇ s or less, and even more preferably 1000 mPa ⁇ s or less. Viscosity needs to be adjusted to an appropriate viscosity depending on the usage environment.
- the constituent elements are preferably composed only of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, and more preferably composed only of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
- various materials that are composed only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen as oils used as the oily medium By combining these, it is possible to prepare a composition whose constituent elements consist only of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.
- the current lubricating oil usually contains phosphorus, sulfur and heavy metals.
- Lubricating oil used in a two-stroke engine that also burns lubricating oil together with fuel does not include phosphorus and heavy metals in consideration of environmental impact, but sulfur is included in about half of the lubricating oil used in a four-stroke engine. Yes.
- the lubricant composition of the present invention can be prepared by adding a complex polyester composition in an oily medium or an aqueous medium, and dissolving and / or dispersing it. Dissolution and / or dispersion may be performed under heating.
- the amount of the composite polyester composition added is preferably 10% by mass or more with respect to the mass of the oily medium. However, it is not limited to this range, and may be outside the above range as long as the compound is an amount sufficient to exhibit a friction reducing action.
- the lubricant composition of the present invention is useful as a lubricant. That is, the present invention also relates to a lubricant including the above-described composite polyester composition or a lubricant including the above-described lubricant composition.
- the lubricant of the present invention is supplied, for example, between two sliding surfaces, and can be used to reduce friction.
- the composition of the present invention can form a film on the sliding surface.
- the material of the sliding surface in steel, specifically, carbon steel for machine structure, alloy steel for structural machinery such as nickel chrome steel, nickel chrome molybdenum steel, chrome steel, chrome molybdenum steel, aluminum chrome molybdenum steel, Examples include stainless steel and multi-aged steel.
- various metals other than steel, or inorganic or organic materials other than metals are widely used.
- inorganic or organic materials other than metals include various plastics, ceramics, carbon, etc., and mixtures thereof.
- examples of the metal material other than steel include cast iron, copper / copper-lead / aluminum alloy, castings thereof, and white metal.
- the lubricant of the present invention can be used for various applications.
- Lubricant, machine oil, turbine oil, bearing oil, hydraulic fluid, compressor / vacuum pump oil, refrigerator oil, metalworking lubricant, magnetic recording medium lubricant, micromachine lubricant, artificial bone lubricant It can be used as an agent, shock absorber oil or rolling oil. It is also used for air conditioners and refrigerators with reciprocating and rotary hermetic compressors, automotive air conditioners and dehumidifiers, freezers, refrigerated warehouses, vending machines, showcases, chemical plant and other cooling devices. .
- a lubricant for metal processing that does not contain chlorine compounds, for example, when hot rolling metal materials such as steel materials and Al alloys, or when performing processing such as cutting, cold rolling oil of aluminum, cutting oil
- metal processing oil such as grinding oil, drawing oil, press processing oil and plastic processing oil of metal, especially as a deterrent for wear, breakage and surface roughness during high speed and high load processing, as well as broaching and gun drilling It is also useful as a metal working oil composition that can be applied to low speed and heavy cutting. Further, it can be used for various grease lubricants, magnetic recording medium lubricants, micromachine lubricants, artificial bone lubricants, and the like.
- the elemental composition of the composition can be a carbohydrate, for example, polyoxyethylene ether widely used in cake mix, salad dressing, shortening oil, chocolate, etc. as an emulsifying, dispersing or solubilizing agent is used.
- a high-performance lubricating oil that is completely harmless to the human body can be used for lubrication of food production line manufacturing equipment and medical equipment members.
- the composition of the present invention can be used as cutting oil or rolling oil by emulsifying and dispersing it in an aqueous system or by dispersing it in a polar solvent or a resin medium.
- the lubricant composition of the present invention can be used for various applications as a release agent.
- a release agent for example, polycarbonate resin, flame retardant polycarbonate resin, crystalline polyester resin which is the main component of image forming toner used in electrophotographic apparatus and electrostatic recording apparatus, various molding thermoplastic resin compositions and semiconductor encapsulating Used as a mold release agent for epoxy resin compositions.
- One embodiment of the release agent is an embodiment containing 0.01 to 10 parts by mass (preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass) of the composite polyester composition with respect to 100 parts by mass of a resin such as a polycarbonate resin.
- it can also be used as an antifouling agent that promotes the removal of dirt attached to the fiber product and prevents the fiber product from being soiled by being kneaded or applied in advance to a textile product such as clothing.
- polyhydric alcohols used in the examples of the present invention are as follows.
- the monohydric alcohol used in the examples of the present invention is as follows.
- ⁇ Preparation of lubricant> The obtained composite polyester composition and mineral oil (100 neutral oil, viscosity 4.4 mm / s 2 at 100 ° C.) are mixed at a mass ratio of 25/75, and 2.0 mass of calcium sulfonate as a metallic detergent. % Lubricant was prepared. The friction coefficient of the lubricant was measured by the following method.
- the color of the composite polyester composition was measured using a spectrophotometer (UV-3100PC, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) as a transmittance at a wavelength of 450 nm using water as a reference, and evaluated according to the following criteria. In addition, a thing with an evaluation of B rank or higher is regarded as a pass. The results are shown in Table 1 below. Rank A: transmittance> 95% B rank: 95% ⁇ transmittance> 70% C rank: transmittance ⁇ 70%
- Comparative Example 1 instead of the polyester composition of Example 1, in Comparative Example 1, the dilinoleyldiol dimer / dilinol dimer copolymer described in Example 1 of JP-A-2007-217414 (Lusplan DD-DA7 manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd.) was used. The friction coefficient and the color tone were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was used. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 2 instead of the polyester composition of Example 1, in Comparative Example 2, the coefficient of friction and color were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyester described in Production Example 1 of JP-A-8-208814 was used. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 3 In place of the polyester composition of Example 1, in Comparative Example 3, the divalent fluoroalcohol described in EXAMPLE 1 of US Pat. No. 4,898,981 was obtained with reference to Example 1 of JP-T-7-501838 More synthesized polyester was used. The friction coefficient and the color were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above compound was used. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 4 In place of the polyester composition of Example 1, in Comparative Example 4, the friction coefficient and color were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyester composition described in Example 40 of JP2011-89106A was used. did. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the friction coefficient of the lubricant using the composite polyester composition of the example under the extreme pressure condition is kept low. From this, in the lubricant using the composite polyester composition of the example, it is assumed that the friction coefficient in the normal fluid lubrication region and the elastic fluid lubrication region is also kept low. That is, the lubricant using the composite polyester composition of the example can exhibit excellent lubricating performance under normal conditions and extreme pressure conditions. Moreover, it turns out that the composite polyester composition of an Example has the high transmittance
- the lubricants using the composite polyester compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 cannot exhibit excellent lubricating performance under extreme pressure conditions. Moreover, it turns out that the composite polyester composition of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 has low transmittance, and the transparency of the composite polyester composition is low.
- a composite polyester composition capable of exhibiting high lubricating performance even under extreme pressure conditions can be obtained. Furthermore, since the highly transparent lubricant can be obtained by using the composite polyester composition of the present invention, it is possible to easily determine the progress of deterioration of the lubricant and the presence or absence of contamination. For this reason, the composite polyester composition of the present invention is easy to use, is preferably used as a lubricant in various applications, and has high industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
また、特許文献7には、ポリオールと、脂肪酸と、二塩基酸の反応から得られるエステルが開示されおり、特許文献8には、ポリオールと、二塩基酸と、1価アルコールの反応から得られるエステルが開示されている。これらの文献では、エステル得られるエステルは、潤滑剤組成物として用いることができ、優れた潤滑性能を発揮し得るとされている。
しかしながら、特許文献6や7で開示されたエステルを含む潤滑剤は、過酷条件下においては、必要とされる潤滑性能を十分に発揮することができないということが本発明者らの検討により明らかとなった。このため、極圧条件といった過酷条件下において、十分な潤滑性能を発揮するよう、さらなる改良が求められていた。
具体的に、本発明は、以下の構成を有する。
[2]炭素数44のジカルボン酸はエルカ酸ダイマーである[1]に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[3]多価アルコールは、3つ以上の水酸基を含む[1]又は[2]に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[4]多価アルコールは、ペンタエリスリトール、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリン又はジペンタエリスリトールから選ばれる[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[5]1価アルコールは、下記一般式(1)で表される[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物;
[6]多価アルコールと、炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、1価アルコールに加えて、さらにダイマー酸を縮合させることにより得られるポリエステルを含む[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[7]多価アルコールと、炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、1価アルコールに加えて、さらにトリマー酸を縮合させることにより得られるポリエステルを含む[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[8]ポリエステルの少なくとも1種は、下記一般式(2)で表される[1]に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物;
[9]一般式(2)において、nは3~6の整数である[8]に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[10]一般式(2)において、Rは、置換基を有してもよい飽和脂肪族炭化水素からなる原子団である[8]又は[9]に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[11]一般式(2)において、R2の炭素数は、4以上である[8]~[10]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[12]一般式(2)において、R2は、オキシアルキレン構造を有する基である[8]~[11]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[13]40℃における粘度が50~1650mPasである[1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
[14][1]~[13]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物と、摩耗防止剤、粘度指数向上剤、酸化防止剤、清浄剤、分散剤,流動、硬化剤、腐食防止剤、シール適合剤、消泡剤、錆防止剤、腐食防止剤、摩擦調整剤、及び増ちょう剤から選択される1種又は2種以上の添加剤とを含有する潤滑剤組成物。
[15][1]~[13]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物、又は[14]に記載の潤滑剤組成物と、鉱物油、油脂化合物、ポリオレフィン油、シリコーン油、パーフルオロポリエーテル油、ジフェニルエーテル油、芳香族エステル油、脂肪族モノエステル油、脂肪族ジエステル油、及びポリオールエステル潤滑油から選択される1種又は2種以上の媒体とを少なくとも含有する潤滑剤組成物。
[16][1]~[13]のいずれかに記載の複合ポリエステル組成物、又は[14]又は[15]に記載の潤滑剤組成物を含む潤滑剤。
[17]グリース用潤滑油、離型剤、内燃機関用エンジンオイル、金属加工用(切削用)オイル、軸受け用オイル、燃焼機関用燃料、車両エンジン油、ギヤ油、自動車用作動油、船舶・航空機用潤滑油、マシン油,タービン油、軸受用オイル、油圧作動油、圧縮機・真空ポンプ油、冷凍機油、金属加工用潤滑油剤、磁気記録媒体用潤滑剤、マイクロマシン用潤滑剤、人工骨用潤滑剤、ショックアブソーバ油又は圧延油として用いられる[16]に記載の潤滑剤。
[18]少なくとも2つの水酸基を有する多価アルコールと、炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、1価アルコールとを混合し混合物を得る工程と、混合物を脱水縮合する工程を含む複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法。
[19]混合物を得る工程は、多価アルコールに対して、炭素数44のジカルボン酸を混合する当量比が1~3となり、1価アルコールを混合する当量比が0.5~3となるように混合する工程である[18]に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法。
[20]脱水縮合する工程は、混合物に対して1~25質量%の、沸点110~160℃の炭化水素系溶剤を添加し、水を共沸させつつ、脱水縮合を進行させる工程を含む[18]又は[19]に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法。
[21]脱水縮合する工程は、無溶媒で縮合させる工程である[18]又は[19]に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法。
本発明は、所定のポリエステルを含む複合ポリエステル組成物に関する。本発明の複合ポリエステル組成物は、少なくとも2つの水酸基を有する多価アルコールと、炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、1価アルコールとを縮合させることにより得られるポリエステルを含む。本発明では、このような特定のポリエステルを含むことにより、極圧条件下においても高い潤滑性能を発揮し得る複合ポリエステル組成物を得ることができる。さらに、本発明で得られる複合ポリエステル組成物は透明性が高い点にも特徴がある。
ポリエステルの縮合に用いる多価アルコールは、少なくとも2つの水酸基を含む化合物である。多価アルコールは、R(OH)nで表される。Rはn価の脂肪族、脂環式又は芳香環基であり、R中の炭素原子の互いに隣接しない1以上の炭素原子が酸素原子に置換されていてもよい。多価アルコール一分子中に、水酸基は、2~6個含まれていることが好ましく、3~6個含まれることがより好ましい。
Rの好ましい例は、CxH2X+2-n(xは2~20の数)又はCxH2X+2-nOm(xは2~20の数、mはm<xを満足する数であり、m≦x/2が好ましい)で表される基であるのがより好ましい。
ポリエステルの縮合に用いる炭素数44のジカルボン酸は、炭素数22の不飽和脂肪酸のダイマーであることが好ましく、エルカ酸ダイマーであることがより好ましい。ここで、エルカ酸ダイマーは、炭素数が22である不飽和脂肪酸(エルカ酸)が2量化した炭素数が44のジカルボン酸である。エルカ酸ダイマーの2量化に好ましく用いられるエルカ酸としては、例えば、CAS番号112-86-7等の化合物を挙げることができる。また、エルカ酸ダイマーの代表的なものとしては、商品名 Pripol 1004(Croda社製)等がある。
ポリエステルの縮合に用いる1価アルコールは、一分子内に水酸基を1つ含む化合物である。1価アルコールは、R(OH)で表される。Rは1価の脂肪族、脂環式又は芳香環基であり、R中の炭素原子の互いに隣接しない1以上の炭素原子が酸素原子に置換されていてもよい。Rの炭素数は4以上であることが好ましく、6以上であることがより好ましく、8以上であることがさらに好ましい。1価アルコールの炭素数を上記範囲内とすることにより、縮合反応時に1価アルコールが揮散することを抑制することができ、効率よくポリエステルの縮合反応を進めることが可能となる。
本発明のポリエステルを得るために、多価アルコール、炭素数44のジカルボン酸、1価アルコールの他に、例えば、さらにダイマー酸を混合し、縮合させてもよい。本発明では、炭素数44のジカルボン酸とダイマー酸を併用してもよく、エルカ酸ダイマーとダイマー酸を併用してもよい。炭素数44のジカルボン酸とダイマー酸の混合比率は、1:0.1~4であることが好ましく、1:0.2~2であることがより好ましく、1:0.5~1であることがさらに好ましい。
本発明の複合ポリエステル組成物は、上述したような多価アルコールと、炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、1価アルコールを混合し、この混合物を縮合させることで得られるポリエステルを含む。混合物を縮合させることに得られるポリエステルの少なくとも1種は、下記一般式(2)で表されることが好ましい。
所定のポリエステルと、軽質分との比率は、後述する製法において、3つの原料の仕込み比率でコントロールすることで達成することができる。また軽質分を蒸留等で分離し、残存したポリエステルと任意の比率で混合することで好ましい範囲に調整することもできる。
なお、所定のポリエステルと、ダイマージオールを含む軽質分との組成比率は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)を測定することで算出することができる。軽質分は、GPC分析のピークがシャープに出現し、その強度が大きいことから、判別しやすい。
また、ポリエステル中のCOOHを消失させる処理を行ってもよい。例えば、ジアゾメタンなどで処理してエステル化することができる。
本発明の複合ポリエステル組成物は、上述した多価アルコール、炭素数44のジカルボン酸及び1価アルコールの少なくとも3つの原料を仕込んで、脱水縮合させることにより得ることができる。すなわち、本発明の複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法は、少なくとも2つの水酸基を有する多価アルコールと、炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、1価アルコールとを混合し混合物を得る工程と、混合物を脱水縮合する工程を含む。なお、製造工程では、2つの原料(例えば、多価アルコールと炭素数44のジカルボン酸、または炭素数44のジカルボン酸と1価アルコール)を先に反応させた後に、残りの原料を反応させることとしてもよい。
本発明は、複合ポリエステル組成物を少なくとも含有する潤滑剤組成物に関するものとしてもよい。例えば、潤滑剤組成物には、本発明の複合ポリエステル組成物と各種添加剤及び/または媒体を添加することができる。
添加剤としては、例えば、摩耗防止剤、粘度指数向上剤、酸化防止剤、清浄剤、分散剤,流動、硬化剤、腐食防止剤、シール適合剤、消泡剤、錆防止剤、腐食防止剤、摩擦調整剤、及び増ちょう剤から選択される1種又は2種以上を挙げることができる。
このような添加剤を添加することにより、摩耗抑制等の潤滑剤としての好ましい機能を付与することができる。本発明において用いることができる潤滑剤については、特開2011-89106号公報の段落〔0098〕~〔0165〕の記載を参照することができる。
本発明において、「媒体」とは、一般的に「流動性液体」とよばれる媒体の全てを意味するものである。但し、室温又は使用される温度において、液状であることは必要とせず、液体以外にも固体及びゲル等のいずれの形態の材料も利用することができる。本発明において利用する媒体については特に制限はなく、用途に応じて種々の液体から選択することができる。本発明において用いることができる媒体については、特開2011-89106号公報の段落〔0067〕~〔0096〕の記載を参照することができる。
本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、40℃での粘度が1650mPa・s以下であるのが好ましく、1200mPa・s以下であることがより好ましく、1000mPa・s以下であることがさらに好ましい。粘性は、使用環境により適正な粘性が求められるため、それに合わせることが必要である。
なお、現行の潤滑油は、通常、リン、硫黄、重金属を含んでいる。燃料と共に潤滑油も燃焼する2ストロークエンジンに用いられる潤滑油は、環境負荷を配慮して、リンと重金属は含まれないが、硫黄は4ストロークエンジンに用いられる潤滑油の半分量程度含まれている。即ち、現行の潤滑技術では、最低でも硫黄分による境界潤滑膜の形成は必須であると推察されるが、硫黄元素を含んでいることによって、排気ガス浄化のための触媒への負荷は非常に大きい。この排気ガス浄化触媒には、プラチナやニッケルが使用されているが、リンや硫黄の被毒作用は大きな問題になっている。その点からも潤滑油の組成物を構成する元素が、炭素、水素、酸素及び窒素だけからなることのメリットは非常に大きい。さらに炭素、水素、酸素だけからなることはエンジンオイル以外の産業機械、特に食品製造関連機器の潤滑油には最適である。現行技術では、摩擦係数を犠牲にして環境に配慮した元素組成をとっている。これは、冷却のために大量の水を必要とする金属の切削・加工用潤滑油にも非常に好ましい技術である。
本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、複合ポリエステル組成物を、油性媒体中もしくは水性媒体中に添加し、溶解及び/又は分散させることで調製することができる。溶解及び/又は分散は、加温下で行ってもよい。複合ポリエステル組成物の添加量は、油性媒体の質量に対して、10質量%以上で添加されるのが好ましい。但し、この範囲に限定されるものではなく、上記化合物が、摩擦低減作用を示すのに充分な量であれば、上記範囲外であってもよい。
本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、潤滑剤として有用である。すなわち、本発明は、上述した複合ポリエステル組成物を含む潤滑剤又は上述した潤滑剤組成物を含む潤滑剤に関するものでもある。
本発明の潤滑剤は、例えば、2つの摺動面間に供給され、摩擦を低減するために用いることができる。本発明の組成物は、摺動面に皮膜を形成し得る。摺動面の材質としては、鋼鉄では、具体的には、機械構造用炭素鋼、ニッケルクロム鋼材・ニッケルクロムモリブデン鋼材・クロム鋼材・クロムモリブデン鋼材・アルミニウムクロムモリブデン鋼材などの構造機械用合金鋼、ステンレス鋼、マルチエージング鋼などが挙げられる。
なお、摺動面の材質については、特開2011-89106号公報の段落〔0168〕~〔0175〕の記載を参照することができる。
また各種グリース用潤滑油、磁気記録媒体用潤滑剤、マイクロマシン用潤滑剤や人工骨用潤滑剤等に利用することができる。また、組成物の元素組成を炭水化物とすることができるため、例えば、乳化、分散化、可溶化剤としてケーキミックス、サラダドレッシング、ショートニングオイル、チョコレート等に広く利用されている、ポリオキシエチレンエーテルを含むソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを食用油を基油とした組成物を潤滑油とすることで、全く人体に無害の高性能潤滑油を食品製造ラインの製造機器や医療機器部材の潤滑に用いることができる。
さらに、本発明の組成物を水系に乳化して分散したり、極性溶媒中や樹脂媒体中に分散することで、切削油や圧延油として用いることができる。
また、衣料などの繊維製品に予め練り込んだり、塗布することにより、繊維製品に付着した汚れの離脱を促進して繊維製品の汚れを防止する防汚剤としても用いることができる。
<ポリエステルの合成>
表1に記載した多価アルコールとエルカ酸ダイマー、ダイマー酸、1価アルコールを、表1に記載した質量部となるように、ディーンスターク脱水装置がついた反応容器に仕込んだ。その後、液温160~220℃で12時間攪拌した。加熱反応中に発生した水は除去した。室温まで放冷し、黄色透明の液状物として複合ポリエステル組成物を得た。
本発明の実施例で用いた多価アルコールは下記のものである。
また、本発明の実施例で用いた1価アルコールは下記のものである。
得られた複合ポリエステル組成物と鉱油(100ニュートラル油、100℃における粘度4.4mm/s2)とを、質量比率で、25/75で混合し、金属系清浄剤としてカルシウムスルホネート2.0質量%を含有する潤滑剤を調製した。潤滑剤の摩擦係数を下記の方法により測定した。
極圧条件下を想定した評価は、振動型摩擦摩耗試験機(Optimol Instruments Prueftechnik GmbH社製、商品名:SRV 4)を用いて、振動数100Hz、振幅2.0mm、荷重30N、温度65℃、試験片:点接触(ボール)、試験時間30分において摩擦係数を測定することにより行った。
一般的に、極圧条件下を想定して得られた摩擦係数は、通常の流体潤滑領域や弾性流体潤滑領域における摩擦係数よりも大きな値として得られる。このため、極圧条件下の摩擦係数が小さく、下記の評価が良好なものは、当然、通常の流体潤滑領域や弾性流体潤滑領域における摩擦係数が小さく、評価は良好である。なお、評価がDランク以上のものを合格とした。極圧条件を想定したSRV4試験機による摩擦係数の評価結果を下記表1に示す。
Aランク:摩擦係数<0.050
Bランク:0.050≦摩擦係数<0.055
Cランク:0.055≦摩擦係数<0.060
Dランク:0.060≦摩擦係数<0.070
Eランク:摩擦係数≧0.070
Aランク:透過率>95%
Bランク:95%≧透過率>70%
Cランク:透過率≦70%
実施例1のポリエステル組成物に代えて、比較例1では特開2007-217414の実施例1に記載のジリノレイルジオールダイマー/ジリノールダイマーコポリマー(日本精化株式会社製Lusplan DD-DA7)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に摩擦係数及び色味を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のポリエステル組成物に代えて、比較例2では、特開平8-208814の製造例1に記載のポリエステルを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に摩擦係数及び色味を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のポリエステル組成物に代えて、比較例3では、特表平7-501838の実施例1を参考に、2価脂肪酸Pripol 1009(商標)とUS4898981のEXAMPLE 1に記載の2価フルオロアルコールより合成したポリエステルを用いた。上記の化合物を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に摩擦係数及び色味を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のポリエステル組成物に代えて、比較例4では、特開2011-89106の実施例40に記載のポリエステル組成物を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に摩擦係数及び色味を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
また、実施例の複合ポリエステル組成物は透過率が高く、透明度の高い複合ポリエステル組成物が得られていることがわかる。
一方、比較例1~3の複合ポリエステル組成物を用いた潤滑剤の極圧条件下の摩擦係数は大きくなっていることがわかる。すなわち、比較例1~3の複合ポリエステル組成物を用いた潤滑剤は、極圧条件下で優れた潤滑性能を発揮することができない。また、比較例3及び4の複合ポリエステル組成物は透過率が低く、複合ポリエステル組成物の透明度が低いことがわかる。
Claims (21)
- 少なくとも2つの水酸基を有する多価アルコールと、炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、1価アルコールとを縮合させることにより得られるポリエステルを含むことを特徴とする複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記炭素数44のジカルボン酸はエルカ酸ダイマーである請求項1に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記多価アルコールは、3つ以上の水酸基を含む請求項1又は2に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記多価アルコールは、ペンタエリスリトール、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリン又はジペンタエリスリトールから選ばれる請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記多価アルコールと、前記炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、前記1価アルコールに加えて、さらにダイマー酸を縮合させることにより得られるポリエステルを含む請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記多価アルコールと、前記炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、前記1価アルコールに加えて、さらにトリマー酸を縮合させることにより得られるポリエステルを含む請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記一般式(2)において、nは3~6の整数である請求項8に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記一般式(2)において、Rは、置換基を有してもよい飽和脂肪族炭化水素からなる原子団である請求項8又は9に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記一般式(2)において、R2の炭素数は、4以上である請求項8~10のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 前記一般式(2)において、R2は、オキシアルキレン構造を有する基である請求項8~11のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 40℃における粘度が50~1650mPasである請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物。
- 請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物と、摩耗防止剤、粘度指数向上剤、酸化防止剤、清浄剤、分散剤,流動、硬化剤、腐食防止剤、シール適合剤、消泡剤、錆防止剤、腐食防止剤、摩擦調整剤、及び増ちょう剤から選択される1種又は2種以上の添加剤とを含有する潤滑剤組成物。
- 請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物、又は請求項14に記載の潤滑剤組成物と、鉱物油、油脂化合物、ポリオレフィン油、シリコーン油、パーフルオロポリエーテル油、ジフェニルエーテル油、芳香族エステル油、脂肪族モノエステル油、脂肪族ジエステル油、及びポリオールエステル潤滑油から選択される1種又は2種以上の媒体とを少なくとも含有する潤滑剤組成物。
- 請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物、又は請求項14又は15に記載の潤滑剤組成物を含む潤滑剤。
- グリース用潤滑油、離型剤、内燃機関用エンジンオイル、金属加工用(切削用)オイル、軸受け用オイル、燃焼機関用燃料、車両エンジン油、ギヤ油、自動車用作動油、船舶・航空機用潤滑油、マシン油,タービン油、軸受用オイル、油圧作動油、圧縮機・真空ポンプ油、冷凍機油、金属加工用潤滑油剤、磁気記録媒体用潤滑剤、マイクロマシン用潤滑剤、人工骨用潤滑剤、ショックアブソーバ油又は圧延油として用いられる請求項16に記載の潤滑剤。
- 少なくとも2つの水酸基を有する多価アルコールと、炭素数44のジカルボン酸と、1価アルコールとを混合し混合物を得る工程と、前記混合物を脱水縮合する工程を含む複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法。
- 前記混合物を得る工程は、前記多価アルコールに対して、前記炭素数44のジカルボン酸を混合する当量比が1~3となり、前記1価アルコールを混合する当量比が0.5~3となるように混合する工程である請求項18に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法。
- 前記脱水縮合する工程は、前記混合物に対して1~25質量%の、沸点110~160℃の炭化水素系溶剤を添加し、水を共沸させつつ、脱水縮合を進行させる工程を含む請求項18又は19に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法。
- 前記脱水縮合する工程は、無溶媒で縮合させる工程である請求項18又は19に記載の複合ポリエステル組成物の製造方法。
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WO2016017548A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-04 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 潤滑剤組成物及び潤滑剤組成物の製造方法 |
JP2018070705A (ja) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-05-10 | 日華化学株式会社 | ポリエステル樹脂、トナー用結着樹脂及び静電荷像現像用トナー |
JP2019104851A (ja) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-27 | 日華化学株式会社 | 結晶性ポリエステル樹脂、トナー用結着樹脂、分散液又は乳化液、及び静電荷像現像用トナー |
JP2021502437A (ja) * | 2017-11-09 | 2021-01-28 | クローダ インターナショナル パブリック リミティド カンパニー | 潤滑剤配合物及び摩擦調整添加剤 |
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EP3029085A1 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
EP3029085B1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
JPWO2015016258A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
CN105452327B (zh) | 2017-06-06 |
EP3029085A4 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
US20160145525A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
CN105452327A (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
US9617492B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
JP6113844B2 (ja) | 2017-04-12 |
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