WO2015010493A1 - 墙砖安装结构及安装墙砖的方法 - Google Patents

墙砖安装结构及安装墙砖的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015010493A1
WO2015010493A1 PCT/CN2014/077247 CN2014077247W WO2015010493A1 WO 2015010493 A1 WO2015010493 A1 WO 2015010493A1 CN 2014077247 W CN2014077247 W CN 2014077247W WO 2015010493 A1 WO2015010493 A1 WO 2015010493A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fastening
plate
wall
block
hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/077247
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢晓斌
李震
Original Assignee
Xie Xiaobin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xie Xiaobin filed Critical Xie Xiaobin
Publication of WO2015010493A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015010493A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0816—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0805—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and the wall
    • E04F13/0807—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and the wall adjustable perpendicular to the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0814—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements fixed by means of clamping action

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building material installation structure and a mounting method, in particular to a thousand wall hanging brick installation structure and a method for installing the wall brick. Background technique
  • Thousand wall-mounted bricks refer to a hanging construction method in which a wall hanging brick is firmly hung on a structural body to form a facing with a metal hanging piece.
  • the above-mentioned wall brick may include artificial decorative plates such as porcelain plates, ceramic plates, and twin crystal plates.
  • the following cylinders are called wall tiles.
  • the process not only avoids the shortcomings such as hollow drums, cracks and sheddings in the traditional wet-laid process, but also improves the safety and durability of the wall surface; it can also improve the working conditions to a certain extent, reduce the labor intensity, and also help to speed up the progress of the project.
  • thousands of wall-mounted bricks have the following advantages compared with thousands of natural stones: high flexural strength, light weight; low radioactive contamination; rich colors, can be processed into various colors, patterns, lines; uniform color, no color difference; Accurate, low temperature strain; low cost and more economical. Because of the many advantages mentioned above, the thousands of wall-mounted bricks have been widely used in recent years.
  • the installation methods of the thousands of wall tiles are mainly back bolt type and short (pass) tank type.
  • the back-bolt connection method is roughly as follows: According to the design requirements, the column and the beam and the aluminum alloy connecting piece are installed, the back of the wall brick is punched, the back bolt and the aluminum alloy hanging piece are arranged, and the wall brick is placed on the column by the cooperation of the hanging piece and the connecting piece. Adjust the position of the wall brick with the adjusting screw on the upper part of the aluminum alloy hanging piece. Finally, fill the sealing part of the wall brick with the sealing glue, and then complete the installation of the wall hanging brick.
  • the installation method is that the wall brick is not “installed” with the column and the beam.
  • the "C" type pendant on the wall tile and the "C” type on the beam are the key to whether the wall tiles can be effectively placed, and only each of the hanging members on each wall tile can be well matched with the resting point of the connecting member, and each adjusting screw can be Under the premise of effectively adjusting the wall tiles, the "installation" of the wall tiles can be completed according to the design requirements. Therefore, it is required that the design gap between the pendant and the connector must cover all of the objective errors described below or it will not be implemented.
  • the anchor bolt has a depth or angle error on the fixing of the wall brick; there is an error in the parallelism between the hanging piece and the anchor bolt and the wall brick.
  • each wall tile unit is composed of a wall brick and a plurality of anchor bolts and pendants, and at the same time, it is combined with a plurality of connecting members on the beam or points or faces of other parts, and the wall bricks and the columns and beams are rigid.
  • the treatment may be: (1) Rework, that is, the component with large deviation will be re-installed after rectification on the spot, for example, re-punching near the original hole position, obviously the stress of the component is destroyed again, and the new hole is re-opened. Fastness and stability are also uncertain;
  • the aluminum alloy pendant and the aluminum alloy connecting piece are both open "C" type structures, not closed structures.
  • the stressed structure is unstable and unreasonable. Therefore, it is easy to deform after being subjected to the weight load of the wall brick. Firm, when the load such as gravity is different, the deformation of the structure is also uncertain;
  • the pendant should be removed and replaced. If the installation is continued without rectification, the wall tiles cannot be effectively placed on the design requirements. Once affected by external forces such as vibration and collision, the reinforcement will be intensified. The instability of the wall tiles damage, eventually causing the wall tiles to break or even fall, there are major security risks;
  • connection method of the short (through) trough wall brick is roughly as follows: According to the design requirements, the column and the beam and the connecting piece are installed, the groove of the wall brick is grooved, the filling adhesive and the metal hanging piece are fastened, and the wall is fastened by the hanging piece. The connection between the brick and the beam is carried out, and finally the sealant is filled in the seam of the wall tile, and the installation of the wall-mounted brick is completed.
  • the base layer is installed for the wall brick: the column and the beam with the same main structure have a certain horizontal, vertical and flatness error; there is an error in the position of the fastening point of the connecting member on the beam; Secondly, for the processing of wall tiles and hardware fittings: there are errors in the size, thickness and flatness of wall tiles; there is an error in the width, depth and verticality of each slot; there is an error in the positioning of the slots; the connecting parts of the pendant and the pallet itself There is an error in the accuracy; Finally, for the field installation part: There is a depth or angle error in the fixing of the pendant on the wall tile; there is uncertainty in the bonding between the wall tile and the pendant (as described below).
  • epoxy adhesive should be used between wall tiles and pendants.
  • the following basic conditions must be met:
  • the mixture is initially liquid and highly viscous and must be filled as soon as possible into the desired area. Because the mixture will soon start to gel and may "sudden" into a hard rubber-like gel, its hardness gradually increases and the viscosity gradually loses;
  • the adhesive cannot be filled with any disturbances after it has been filled. Since the mixture starts to solidify, it will become brittle at the same time as it has strength, and it is resistant to peeling, cracking, and impact resistance. However, at this time, the curing process is not finished, and it is necessary to continue to maintain for a certain period of time to reach its final reaction intensity.
  • the aluminum alloy profile fluorocarbon spraying process requires a relatively high surface treatment of the profile before spraying, in addition to a series of standard procedures such as degreasing, washing, caustic washing, pickling, and pure water washing, more important.
  • the premise is: It must be operated in a factory with a certain standard of air humidity and cleanliness, that is, only the process can be controlled to obtain a certain result.
  • the air humidity and cleanliness are obviously uncontrollable. It is very difficult to make the surface of the wall tile and the pendant quite clean and dry, which will undoubtedly directly affect the adhesive. Bonding quality;
  • the filling density of the adhesive is different, and the adhesive located in the lower hole of the wall brick is often more than the upper part of the wall brick due to the weight of the wall brick.
  • the adhesive in the slot; other parts will also affect the compactness of the glue due to the operation space, viewing angle, etc. Therefore, the "tight" cannot be guaranteed; the position adjustment of the wall tile is required after the filling, the hardware component
  • the elastic deformation that may occur, as well as the uncertain external force, can cause disturbance to the steady state of the adhesive, so "maintenance" cannot be guaranteed.
  • One end of the pendant is the force receiving point for the weight of the wall brick, and the other end is the bearing point resting on the pallet, that is, the wall brick weight
  • the force and bearing capacity are not on the same axis.
  • the structure is also not a non-coaxial gravity and load-bearing stable rotational force structure similar to a triangular steel roof truss, and loads from different axial directions can be effectively transferred to a fixed bearing point.
  • the hanging piece, the supporting plate and the connecting piece are fastened, it becomes a component with certain elasticity, so that a certain deformation occurs after the force is applied, so that the hanging piece generates an outward force in the part connected with the wall brick, and the wall brick and the hanging piece They are all rigid materials.
  • the adhesive is also brittle after curing. It does not have cushioning properties. Therefore, the force generated by this deformation can easily lead to the detachment and cracking of the special glue.
  • the complete thousand wall-wall brick project is not only the plane arrangement of thousands of wall tiles, but is composed of many points, lines and faces, such as the intersection of yin and yang angles, door and window openings, and other facing materials. Wait, and the wall tiles are filled with special sealant, so when all the wall tiles are installed, they will become a whole. Furthermore, there is almost no rigid connection between the wall tiles and the pendants, between the pendants and the pallets, and there is no room for buffering. Therefore, if one of the wall tiles is cracked or inadvertently damaged, it may be affected. There are even more wall tiles in the surrounding area.
  • the wall brick installation structure of the invention has various important functions such as dimension definition, three-dimensional adjustment, bearing and fastening, and the following characteristics:
  • the second installation module can be used to firmly, stably and effectively pre-stress the wall brick and the wall brick connection end of the frame;
  • the position adjustment of the wall brick can be realized in the X, Y and ⁇ axis directions at any installation point of the wall brick, which satisfies the requirements for the installation precision of the wall-mounted wall brick;
  • the second mounting module of the present invention is a dynamically generated fastening module having a stable pre-stressed structure.
  • Prestressing force is generally used to refer to the tensile stress of the tension zone under the external load during the formation of the material or other objects.
  • the pre-induced compressive stress constitutes the material. Or the prestressed structure of the object.
  • the technique and process of introducing compressive stress into a material or object to form a stable prestressed structure are generally collectively referred to as Prestressing technology.
  • a material or article having a pre-stressed structure is generally referred to as a pre-stressed material or a pre-stressed article. It is well known that the prestressed structure of a material or article can improve the performance of the material or article.
  • the performance of a material or article generally refers to an increase in its own rigidity, an increase in its own anti-vibration performance, and an increase in its own elastic strength, thereby increasing the durability of the material or article and the safety during use thereof.
  • the prestressing technology has been used in ancient times, and it is a process in which the ancient Chinese used to improve the performance of living utensils and to reinforce the compensation of labor tools.
  • Such as barrel ferrules introduction of pre-stress
  • barrel ferrules introduction of pre-stress
  • prestressed structures have been greatly used in construction and other fields, and prestressed materials have also broken through the constraints of high-strength steels, and gradually become high in strength and light in weight.
  • the process of introducing compressive stress into a material or object under the action of external force is generally referred to as the process of generating pre-stress in the material or object.
  • any elastic material, under the action of external force can generate built-in pre-stress, and the external force acts as a process of pre-stressing of the elastic material.
  • the dynamic process generated by the pre-stressing of the elastic material is controlled by the foreign object to form a built-in pre-stressed stable structure of the material or object.
  • the invention uses an elastic fastening component to introduce a compressive stress by generating an external force by pressing the component, and uses the fastened component to control the dynamic process of the introduction of the compressive stress, and finally forms a stable integral of the compression component, the fastening component and the fastened component.
  • the prestressed structure thus completes and achieves the fastening effect of the wall tiles.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the current technology of the wall-mounted brick wall, and provide an excitation and control of the dynamic generation process of the prestressing material of the elastic material, forming a stable prestressed structure, and can be three-dimensionally adjusted during the installation process.
  • a wall tile installation structure that improves the accuracy of wall tile installation.
  • the wall brick installation structure established by the invention can greatly enhance the firmness, accuracy, safety, convenience and easy replacement of the installation.
  • the present invention implements a wall tile installation structure, including a building body and a wall tile mounted on the building body, the mounting structure further including a mounting chassis through which the wall tile is installed The chassis is adjusted to the set position and fastened, and the position of the wall tiles does not change during the fastening process.
  • the mounting chassis includes a frame, a first mounting module, and a second mounting module
  • the frame includes a connecting end of the main body of the building and a connecting end of a wall brick, and the connecting end of the building body passes the first
  • the mounting module is mounted on the building body, the wall tile is adjusted to a set position by the second mounting module and fastened, and the position of the wall tile does not change during the fastening process.
  • the first mounting module includes at least one profiled steel connector, the first end of the profiled steel connector is fixed to the building body, and the second end of the profiled steel connector is provided with a slotted hole And connecting the building body connecting end of the frame through a bolt passing through the slotted hole.
  • the second mounting module includes a pressing assembly, a fastening assembly, and a fastened assembly, the fastened assembly being adjustably positionally secured to the frame, the compression assembly being positionally adjustable Fixed to the rest of the wall;
  • the position of the fastened component is adjustably fixed to the wall tile, and the position of the pressing component is adjustably fixed to the frame; Pressing the fastening assembly by the cooperation of the compression assembly and the fastened assembly generates pre-stressing and thereby fastening the fastened assembly, wherein:
  • the fastening assembly includes two arcuate arms symmetrically clamped on opposite sides of the fastened object, and the two arcuate arms are interposed to form an enclosure space, and the arcuate arm includes a first force arm and a connection a second force arm of the first force arm, a connection between the first force arm and the second force arm forms a slip end, and the first force arm is away from the second force arm Forming a compression end on the side, the second force arm forming a fastening end on a side away from the first force arm, and the pressure end of the first force arm receives the compression and cooperation of the compression component
  • the fastened object drives the first and second force arms to generate a pre-stress.
  • the pressing assembly includes a wall tile connecting plate and a pressure block; the wall tile connecting plate is fastened to the wall tile and disposed on the first side of the first force arm, The two sliding ends of the arcuate arm abut against the wall tile connecting plate; the pressure block is disposed on the second side of the first force arm, and the two pressure receiving ends of the arcuate arm abut the pressure block
  • the fastened assembly includes a bottom plate and a wing plate formed on the bottom plate, the bottom plate being fastened to the wall brick connection end of the frame; the two fastening ends of the arcuate arm abutting against the Two sides of the wing;
  • a slotted hole is formed in the bottom plate of the fastened component, and is fixed to the wall brick connecting end of the frame by a bolt penetrating the slotted hole, and the fastening is fastened. Positioning the component in the first direction through the slotted hole;
  • the two fastening ends of the arcuate arms are adjusted in a second direction and a third direction by the two sides of the flap through the enclosure space.
  • the wall tile has a dovetail groove formed on the back surface, and the wall tile is inserted into the dovetail slot formed on the back surface to insert a mounting member, and the mounting member is filled with the gap between the wall tile and the wall tile. gum.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the first end of the wall tile connecting plate and the pressure block are fastened by a bolt, and the second end of the wall tile connecting plate is provided with a plurality of slot holes, and is passed through A bolt in the slotted hole is fixed to the mounting member.
  • the mounting member defines a bolt slot on a side of the wall tile connecting plate, and the mounting member is provided with a plurality of fastening strips on a side adjacent to the wall tile.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the central portion of the pressing member is recessed inwardly to form a pressure portion that cooperates with the inner side of the two arcuate arms of the fastening assembly; the pressure portion of the pressing assembly is sandwiched between the two arcuate arms.
  • the two pressure receiving ends of the arcuate arm abut against the pressure portion, and the two sliding ends of the arcuate arm abut against the surface of the wall brick connecting end of the frame, and the two ends of the pressing component are fixed at the The wall brick connection end of the frame;
  • the fastened component includes a bottom plate and a wing plate formed on the bottom plate, the first end of the bottom plate is bent to form a limiting portion, and a side surface of the wall brick is formed to cooperate with the limiting portion a limiting slot, the limiting portion is engaged in the limiting slot, a second end of the bottom plate is fixed on the wall brick; and two fastening ends of the arcuate arm abut the wing panel Both sides;
  • a slotted hole is defined in each of the two ends of the pressing assembly, and is fastened to the wall connecting end of the frame by a bolt passing through the slotted hole, and the pressing component passes through Positioning the slotted hole in a first direction;
  • the wing plate performs a second direction and a third direction position adjustment between the two fastening ends of the arcuate arm through the enclosure space.
  • the second end of the bottom plate defines a slotted hole and is fixed to the mounting member by a bolt passing through the slotted hole.
  • the press assembly includes a case and a pressure block
  • the case includes a first side plate, a second side plate, and the first side plate and the second side plate, respectively.
  • a top plate and a bottom plate of the end a sliding space is formed in the inner portion of the box body; two sides of the first side plate respectively extend outward to form two connecting portions, and the box body is fastened to the wall through the connecting portion a first body of the first force arm, the two sliding ends of the arcuate arm abut against the surface of the box, the first side plate of the box is opened with a first a through hole, the second side plate of the box defines a second through hole;
  • a first meandering block is disposed through the first through hole in the first side plate, the first ⁇ shaped block a first inclined surface is formed on the first side, and a second side surface of the first circular block is formed with a screw hole penetrating the first inclined surface; and a second circular block is slidably disposed in the
  • the second inclined surface is formed with a long slot extending through the second mortise block, and a top surface of the second mortise block is coupled with a propulsion bolt; a top through hole is formed in the top surface of the box body, and the propulsion is a bolt protrudes out of the box through the third through hole;
  • the first side of the pressure block is coupled with a fastening bolt, the fastening bolt extends through the second through hole and the long slot, and cooperates with the screw hole of the first ⁇ block to tight the pressure block Fixing the first ⁇ block, the push bolt drives the second ⁇ block to push against the displacement of the first ⁇ block, thereby driving the pressure block to press the two pressure ends of the bow arm toward the Displacement of the box body, the two sliding ends of the arcuate arm are displaced away from each other on the outer surface of the second side panel of the box body;
  • the fastened assembly includes a backing plate and a wing plate formed on the backing plate, the backing plate being fastened to the wall brick connecting end of the frame;
  • the two fastening ends of the arcuate arm abut against the two sides of the wing, and the two fastening ends of the arcuate arm are limited by the wing, thereby driving the first force arm and the first
  • the two arms generate pre-stressed fastening of the wings.
  • the first through hole and the second through hole are slotted holes, and the fastening bolt is positionally adjusted in a first direction through the slotted hole;
  • the enclosure space performs position adjustment of the second direction and a third direction.
  • the back plate is formed with a slot-shaped hole on the left and right sides of the wing plate, and is fixed to the wall brick connecting end of the frame by a bolt penetrating in the slot-shaped hole.
  • the connecting portion of the casing is provided with a slotted hole, and is fixed to the mounting member by a bolt penetrating through the slotted hole.
  • the press assembly includes a case, a bottom plate and a pressure block
  • the case includes a first side plate, a second side plate, and the first side plate and the second side a top plate at the top of the plate
  • the inside of the box is hollow Forming a sliding space
  • the bottom of the box is connected to the bottom plate and fixed to the wall brick connecting end of the frame through the bottom plate
  • the box is disposed on the first side of the first force arm
  • the two sliding ends of the arcuate arm abut against the surface of the box
  • the first side plate of the box body defines a first through hole
  • the second side plate of the box body defines a second through hole
  • a first domed block is disposed through the first through hole in the first side plate, a first side of the first domed block forms a first inclined surface
  • the first domed block is a two-sided side surface is formed with a screw hole penetrating the first sloped surface
  • a second dome-shaped block is slidably disposed in the
  • the fastened assembly includes a back plate and a wing plate formed on the back plate, the back plate is fastened to the mounting member; the two fastening ends of the arcuate arm abut the wing plate Two sides, and the two fastening ends of the arcuate arm are constrained by the wing, thereby driving the first force arm and the second force arm to generate a pre-stress to fasten the wing.
  • the first through hole and the second through hole are slotted holes, and the fastening bolt is positionally adjusted in a first direction through the slotted hole;
  • the enclosure space performs a position adjustment of a second direction and a third direction.
  • a slotted hole is defined in each of the two sides of the box body, and the bottom plate is fixed to the wall brick connecting end of the frame by a bolt passing through the slotted hole.
  • the back plate is formed with a slot-shaped hole on the left and right sides of the wing plate, and the back plate is fixed to the mounting member by a bolt passing through the slot-shaped hole.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that a side height adjusting plate is formed on a side of the back plate; a height adjusting bolt is screwed into a screw hole opened in an end portion of the height adjusting plate; and a bottom of the height adjusting bolt abuts the bottom plate Upper surface.
  • the pressing assembly includes a first wall tile connector, two pressure blocks and a pressure plate;
  • the first wall tile connector includes a first back plate and a top plate and passes through the first back
  • the plate is fastened to the lower wall tile, the top plate is placed on the first side of the first force arm of the first fastening component, and the two sliding ends of the arcuate arm of the first fastening component abut a lower surface of the top plate;
  • a first pressure block is disposed on the second side of the first force arm, and the two pressure receiving ends of the arcuate arms of the first fastening component abut the first pressure block
  • the pressure plate is disposed on a first side of a first force arm of a second fastening component, and the two sliding ends of the arcuate arm of the second fastening component abut against the pressure plate;
  • the pressure block is disposed on the second side of the first force arm of the second fastening component, and the two pressure receiving ends of the arcuate arm of the second fastening component
  • the fastened assembly includes a first wing panel and a second wall tile connector;
  • the second wall tile connector includes a second back panel and a second flap formed on the back panel;
  • the wall brick is connected to the second backboard through a wall brick mounting block, and the second wall brick connecting piece is fixed to an upper wall brick mounting block by the second backing plate;
  • the two fastening ends of the arcuate arms of the solid assembly abut against the two sides of the first wing, and the two fastening ends of the arcuate arms of the second fastening component abut against the two sides of the second wing;
  • the first wing plate and the pressure plate are formed on a box beam body, and are fastened to the wall brick connection end of the frame by the box beam body;
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the first end of the top plate forms a slotted hole, and is fastened to the first pressure block by a bolt penetrating the slotted hole, and the first pressure block and the Positioning the first fastening component in a first direction through the slotted hole;
  • the two fastening ends of the arcuate arms of the first fastening component are adjusted in a second direction and a third direction on both sides of the first wing by the enclosure space;
  • the pressure plate forms a slotted hole and is fastened to the second pressure block by a bolt penetrating the slotted hole, and the second pressure block and the second fastening component pass through the pressure plate
  • the slotted hole is positionally adjusted along the first direction; the second wing passes through the enclosure space to perform a second direction and a between the two fastening ends of the arcuate arms of the second fastening component Position adjustment in the third direction.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the second end of the top plate is bent to form a first limiting plate, and the top of the lower wall mounting block forms a first limiting slot that cooperates with the first limiting plate. The first limiting plate is engaged in the first limiting slot;
  • the bottom end of the second backboard is bent to form a second limiting plate, and the bottom of the upper wall mounting block forms a second limiting slot that cooperates with the second limiting plate, the second The limiting plate is engaged in the second limiting slot.
  • the first backing plate and the second backing plate are both provided with slot-shaped holes, and the first wall brick connecting piece and the second wall brick connecting piece are respectively disposed through the The bolts in the slotted holes are fixed to the lower wall tile mounting block and the upper wall tile mounting block.
  • a further improvement of the invention resides in that the wall tile is mounted to the wall tile connection panel by expansion bolts.
  • the pressure receiving ends of the arcuate arms are connected by an arcuate deformation zone.
  • the sliding end of the bow arm is formed into a circular arc surface or a sloped surface.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the thickness of the second force arm forms a thick to thin gradient from the sliding end to the fastening end.
  • the fastening end of the arcuate arm is provided with a pressing piece, and the connecting area of the pressing piece and the second force arm is recessed inward to form a pressing piece position adjusting area.
  • the compressed end of the arcuate arm extends to form a rotational positioning rib
  • the pressing member is formed with a rotary positioning groove corresponding to the rotational positioning rib
  • the compression assembly cooperates with the fastening assembly to compress the fastening assembly to generate a pre-stress
  • the fastening assembly becomes a main control member for generating a pre-stress
  • the fastening assembly is selected from an elastic material.
  • a stable pre-stress is formed inside the material and stored, and the fastening system and the compression assembly form a stable pre-stress and pre-stress feature fastening system, the beneficial effects including but not limited to:
  • the buffering effect of its sensitivity is also quite obvious.
  • the uneven internal stress is generated due to the poor thermal shock resistance of the material itself; during the installation and during use, due to the impact of external force that may be encountered When uneven internal stress is generated; due to design requirements, when multiple sets of fastening units are installed on the wall brick, local stress concentration may occur inside the wall.
  • the entire pre-stressed fastening unit can adjust the corresponding pre-stress by the deformation of the elastic material, thereby buffering the unbalanced internal stress that may occur, thereby well playing against the wall brick or even the entire structure. Protection.
  • the present invention does not cause irregular pressing and surface deformation due to fastening to the wall brick during the entire pre-stress fastening implementation, avoiding errors due to various components, errors in mounting the carrier, and the wall tile itself.
  • the three-dimensional adjustment of the wall brick in the installation of the invention is a free-placement adjustment in the untightened state, without any restriction at all; and the setting of the three-dimensional adjustment space can completely cover the manufacture of the usual standard workpiece. Errors and component errors that are typically formed by standard construction.
  • the present invention compresses the fastened component by tightening the relevant bolts to thereby cause pre-stressing of the fastening component.
  • the components are passed through the previous design module. The choice of raw materials and the design of the geometry, the workers can only get the preset tightening force by tightening the relevant bolts in place, without being affected by uncertain factors such as operating force, greatly reducing the operating conditions and technical requirements.
  • the invention can greatly reduce the use of materials such as profiles and material cost savings on the basis of qualitative improvement of the safety and convenience of the prior art; in addition, the technical conditions are reduced and the whole process is controllable, Effectively avoiding rework and material scrapping, etc., is a significant contribution to time reduction and labor cost savings.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing a mounting structure of a wall-mounted wall tile according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view showing a mounting structure of a thousand wall-mounted brick according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view showing the structure of a second mounting module of a thousand wall-mounted brick according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the AA node of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the mounting member of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the connection structure of the wall tile and the frame according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the fastening assembly of Figure 6;
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the second mounting module of Figure 6;
  • Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the compression deformation of the arc deformation zone of the fastening assembly of Figure 6;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the principle of the fastening process of the second mounting module according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a side elevational view showing the mounting structure of the wall-mounted brick according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the structure of a second mounting module of a thousand wall-mounted brick according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 17 is a second preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of the connection structure of the wall tile and the frame;
  • Figure 19 is a perspective view of the pressure block of Figure 17;
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the second mounting module of Figure 17;
  • Figure 21 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 20;
  • Figure 22 is a side elevational view showing a mounting structure of a wall-mounted wall tile according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 23 is a top plan view showing a mounting structure of a wall-mounted wall tile according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 25 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of the second mounting module of the wall-mounted brick according to the preferred embodiment
  • Figure 25 is a perspective view showing the connection structure of the wall tile and the frame according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 27 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the box beam body and the frame of Figure 25;
  • Figure 28 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 27;
  • Figure 29 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the first wall tile connector and the lower wall tile mounting block of Figure 25;
  • Figure 30 is a schematic exploded view of Figure 29;
  • Figure 31 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the second wall tile connector and the upper wall tile mounting block of Figure 25;
  • Figure 32 is a schematic exploded view of Figure 31.
  • Figure 33 is a side elevational view showing a mounting structure of a wall-mounted wall tile according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 34 is a top plan view showing a mounting structure of a wall-mounted wall tile according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 36 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of the second mounting module of the wall-mounted brick according to the preferred embodiment
  • Figure 36 is a perspective view showing the connection structure of the wall tile and the frame according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 38 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the casing in Figure 36;
  • Figure 39 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the pressure block of Figure 36;
  • Figure 40 is an exploded perspective view of the second mounting module of Figure 36;
  • Figure 41 is a side elevational view showing the mounting structure of a thousand wall-mounted brick according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • 42 is a top plan view showing a mounting structure of a thousand wall-mounted brick according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 43 is a plan view showing the structure of a second mounting module of a thousand wall-mounted brick according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 44 is a perspective view showing the connection structure of a wall brick and a frame according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 45 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 44;
  • Figure 46 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional connection structure of the second mounting module of Figure 44;
  • Figure 47 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 46;
  • Figure 48 is a side elevational view showing the mounting structure of a thousand wall-mounted brick according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 49 is a top plan view showing a mounting structure of a thousand wall-mounted brick according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 50 is a perspective view showing the connection structure of a wall tile and a frame according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 51 is an exploded perspective view of Figure 50. detailed description
  • the thousand wall hanging brick installation structure of the present invention comprises a building main body 3 and a wall brick 2 mounted on the building main body 3, and the mounting structure further comprises
  • a mounting chassis 1 includes a frame 11, a first mounting module 12, and a second mounting module 13.
  • the frame 11 includes a building body connecting end 111 and a wall tile connecting end 112.
  • the frame 11 is a channel steel
  • the building body connecting end 111 is the web of the channel steel
  • the wall brick connecting end 112 is one of the wing plates
  • the building body connecting end 111 is mounted on the building body 3 through the first mounting module 12
  • the wall The brick 2 is connected to the wall tile connection end 112 by the wall tile connector 22, and is adjusted to the set position by the second mounting module 13 and fastened, and the position of the wall tile 2 does not change during the fastening process.
  • the first mounting module 12 includes at least one steel connecting member.
  • the first end of the steel connecting member is fixed to the building main body 3.
  • the second end of the steel connecting member is provided with a slotted hole and is connected by a bolt which is inserted through the slotted hole.
  • the building body of the frame 11 is connected to the end 111.
  • the wall tile 2 is mounted to the second mounting module 13 through a mounting member 22.
  • a plurality of fastening strips 221 are formed at the joint between the mounting member 22 and the wall tile 2.
  • a bolt slot 222 is formed at a joint of the mounting member 22 and the second mounting module 13.
  • the specific installation manner is as follows: Firstly, a dovetail slot 21 is formed at a suitable position of the wall brick 2, and a side of the mounting wall corresponding to the wall brick is formed with a dovetail-shaped engaging end 223, and the dovetail-shaped engaging end 223 is embedded in the dovetail.
  • the bonding gap suitable for the material of the wall tile 2 is filled in the connection gap between the wall tile 2 and the mounting member 22, and the adhesive which is suitable for the material of the wall tile 2 is not necessarily optimally applied to the adhesion of the metal. Therefore, a fastening strip 221 is added to the joint between the mounting member 22 and the wall tile 2, and the adhesive strip between the mounting member 22 and the wall tile 2 is cured, and the fastening strip 221 can be used to fix the adhesive to the installation.
  • the adhesive force of the member 22 prevents the wall brick 2 from being loosened.
  • the bolt is inserted into the bolt slot 222 of the mounting member 22 and fastened, and finally the wall brick 2 is finally mounted to the second mounting module 13 Work on.
  • the second mounting module 13 includes a pressing assembly 131, a fastening assembly 132, and a fastened assembly 133.
  • the pressing assembly 131 cooperates with the fastening assembly 133 to compress the fastening assembly 132 to generate a pre-stress and tighten.
  • the solid fastening component 133 is defined as follows in the embodiment for convenience of description: the horizontal installation direction of the wall tile 2 is taken as the X-axis direction, the thickness direction of the wall tile 2 is taken as the Y-axis direction, and the vertical direction of the wall tile 2 is The mounting direction is the Z-axis direction, and the X-axis is perpendicular to the Y-axis, and the Z-axis is perpendicular to the plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis; As shown in FIG. 8 ⁇ 1, the fastening component 132 includes two arcuate arms symmetrically clamped on both sides of the object to be fastened, and the material thereof should be selected from materials having considerable strength and elasticity and toughness, such as metal.
  • the two arcuate arms are interposed to form a surrounding space 1320, the arcuate arm includes a first force arm 1321 and a second force arm 1322 connecting the first force arm 1321, the first force A joint of the arm and the second force arm forms a sliding end 1323, and the sliding end 1323 is formed into a circular arc surface or a sloped surface to ensure less resistance during the sliding process; the first force arm 1321 is away from the second One end of the force arm 1322 forms a compression end 1324.
  • the pressure end 1324 extends downward to form a rotation positioning edge 1326.
  • the second force arm 1322 forms a fastening end 1325 on a side away from the first force arm 1321.
  • a pressing piece 1327 is coupled to the fastening end 1325.
  • the surface of the pressing piece 1327 is provided with an inverted tooth pattern matching the surface of the wing plate 1332; and the connecting portion of the second force arm 1322 and the pressing piece 1327 is recessed inward to form a pressing piece.
  • Position adjustment zone 1328 through which the tablet position adjustment zone 1328 can be tightened The small self-position adjustment of the pressing piece 1327 is realized in the process to make it more flatly attached to the fastened component 133; the pressed end 1324 of the first force arm 1321 is pressed by the pressing assembly 131 and is driven by the fastening component 133.
  • the first force arm 1321 and the second force arm 1322 generate a pre-stress.
  • the first force arm 1321 is a short straight arm
  • the second force arm 1322 is an arcuate arm
  • the thickness of the second force arm 1322 forms a thickness from the sliding end 1323 to the fastening end 1325.
  • the thin gradation, the structure can ensure that the entire curved arm is fully and uniformly deformed, and is not easy to be broken; further, as shown in Fig. 12, the two arched arms are connected between the two pressure receiving ends 1324 by providing an arc deformation zone 1329.
  • the pressure receiving end 1324 of the first force arm 1321 is pressed, the arc deformation zone 1329 is pressed into a straight shape from the arc shape, and the compression deformation process of the arc deformation zone 1329 is shown in FIG.
  • the fastening component 132 has a certain extension space; the fastening component 132 is provided with a through hole in the Y-axis direction in a region where the two compression ends 1324 and the arc deformation zone 1329 are coupled to each other.
  • the pressing assembly 131 includes a wall connecting plate 131 1 and a pressure block 1312 .
  • the wall brick connecting plate 131 1 is fastened to the wall brick 2 by the mounting member 22 and disposed.
  • the two sliding ends 1323 of the arcuate arm abut against the wall tile connecting plate 131 1 ;
  • the pressure block 1312 is disposed on the second side of the first force arm 1321, and the two arms of the arcuate arm are pressed
  • the end 1324 abuts against the pressure block 1312;
  • the reinforcing bricks 131 10 are disposed on both sides of the wall brick connecting plate 131 1 , and the cross section is U-shaped;
  • the middle portion of the pressure block 1312 is provided with a through hole penetrating in the Y-axis direction, and the pressure block 1312 is
  • the middle portion of the upper surface is matched with the rotation positioning rib 1326 in the Z-axis direction, and two lengthwise rotation positioning grooves 13121 are provided.
  • the radius of the rotation positioning groove 13121 is equal to or slightly larger than the radius of the rotation positioning edge 1326, so that when the entire fastening component 132 is During the fastening process, the rotary positioning rib 1326 can be effectively positioned and rotated in the rotary positioning groove 13121, and the two sliding ends 1323 are only displaced in the X-axis direction on the surface of the wall tile connecting plate 131 1 .
  • the fastened component 133 includes a bottom plate 1331 and a wing plate 1332 formed on the bottom plate 1331.
  • the surface of the wing plate 1332 cooperates with the inverted tooth pattern of the surface of the pressing piece 1327, and the bottom plate 1331 is fastened to the wall brick connecting end of the frame 1 1 .
  • the pressing piece 1327 of the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arm abuts against both sides of the flap 1332.
  • the wall block connecting plate 131 1 and the pressure block 1312 are fastened, and the pressure receiving block 1312 presses the two pressure receiving ends 1324 of the bow arms toward the wall brick connecting plate 131 1 .
  • the two sliding ends 1323 of the bow arms are connected to the wall brick connecting plate 131 1 .
  • the second side surfaces are displaced from each other, and the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms are constrained by the wings 1332, thereby driving the first force arm 1321 and the second force arm 1322 to generate the pre-stressed fastening flaps 1332.
  • the operation principle of the entire fastening process will be further described below with reference to FIG. 12.
  • the two compression ends 1324 of the arcuate arms are displaced in the Y-axis direction under the compression of the pressure block 1312, and the rotation positioning rib 1326 and the rotation positioning groove 13121 are ensured.
  • the compression end 1324 does not shift in the X and Z directions during the movement, and the distance between the compression ends 1324 of the two arch arms is controllable during the fastening process, and the two sliding ends are simultaneously 1323 is dependent on
  • the wall brick connecting plates 1311 are displaced away from each other in the X-axis direction, and the two fastening ends 1325 are displaced close to each other in the X-axis direction until they abut against the sides of the flaps 1332, so the pressing pieces 1327 of the two fastening ends 1325
  • the distance between the two is also controllable, and the fastening point on the wing 1332 is also controllable; further, the pressure receiving block 1312 presses the two pressure receiving ends 1324 to displace in the Y-axis direction, thereby driving the two
  • the second mounting module 13 is brought into a tightened state, and the flap 1332 is tightened.
  • the prestressing needs to be released, as long as the bolt is loosened, the deformation of the bow arm will return to the previously unfastened state, and the prestress will disappear automatically.
  • the components of the entire fastening system module are reversible and lossless. And reused again, not only saves costs, but also is very environmentally friendly.
  • Two groove-shaped holes are formed in the bottom plate 1331 of the fastening component 133, and are fixed to the wall brick connection end 112 of the frame 11 by bolts penetrating in the groove-shaped holes, and are carried by the fastening component 133 through the slot-shaped holes in the X direction. Position adjustment; the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms are adjusted in the Y direction and the Z direction by the enclosing space 1320 on both sides of the flap 1332.
  • the mounting chassis 1 when assembling the wall tile 2, the mounting chassis 1 is first fixed and fixed on the building main body 3, and then the preset installation position of the installed wall brick 2 relative to the frame 11 in the mounting chassis 1 is determined, according to the preset installation position.
  • the fastening component 133 is positioned at the wall brick connecting end 112 of the frame 11 , and is fixed by the fastener 133 through the slot hole to the preset position and fixed; the wall brick 2 , the mounting member 22 and the wall brick connecting plate 1311
  • the production and installation can be completed in the factory.
  • the dovetail groove 21 is formed on the back of the processed wall tile according to the design requirements, and the dovetail-shaped engaging end 223 of the mounting member 22 is embedded and fixed in the dovetail groove 21, and then passed through the bolt.
  • the nut is used to fasten the wall tile connecting plate 1311 and the mounting member 22; before the fastening, the wall tile connecting plate 1311 can be adjusted in the X-axis direction, mainly to ensure that the wall tile connecting plate 1311 protrudes from the width of the wall tile 2 Design requirements must be met.
  • the wall brick 2 is placed in a preset installation position, and then the pressure block 1312 is abutted against the inner side of the first force arm 1321 and the two fastening ends 1325 are placed on both sides of the flap 133 by the fastener 133;
  • the wall brick connecting plate 1311 and the pressure block 1312 are pre-fastened by bolts, and the pressure block 1312 presses the two pressure receiving ends 1324 of the bow arms to the wall brick connecting plate 1311, and the two sliding ends 1323 of the bow arms
  • the surfaces of the wall tile connecting plate 1311 are displaced from each other, and the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms are restricted by the wings 1332, thereby driving the first force arm 1321 and the second force arm 1322 to generate prestressed pre-fastening wings.
  • the flap 1332 will play a key role: first the coordinate system origin of the entire mounting system is placed at its center of gravity, and the positioning or dimensions of all components will be According to this design, the sizing function of the mounting chassis 1 is realized; when mounted in combination with the fastening assembly 132, the flap 1332 participates as a main control member in the process of pre-stress fastening while the fastening member 132 is passed through the flap 1332.
  • the relative displacement in the enclosed space 1320 can realize the adjustment of the Y-axis and the Z-axis direction of the wall brick, that is, realize the three-dimensional adjustment function of the installation chassis 1; finally, the installation is completed, and the gravity load of the wall brick 2 is also transferred to the wing plate 1332 to
  • the mounting of the chassis 1 and the loading and fastening function of the mounting chassis 1 are as shown in Figs. 14 to 19, and in the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, with the following differences:
  • the assembly 131 is mainly composed of an I-shaped pressure block 1312 and a wall brick connection end 112 (ie, a wing of the frame 11).
  • the central portion of the pressure block 1312 is recessed inwardly and formed in the two arcuate arms of the fastening assembly 132.
  • a side-fitted pressure portion 13121; a pressure portion 13121 of the pressure block 1312 is interposed between the two arcuate arms, and the two pressure-receiving ends 1324 of the arcuate arms abut against the pressure a force portion 13121, and the two sliding ends 1323 of the arcuate arm abut against the surface of the wall connecting end 1 12 of the frame 11.
  • the two ends of the pressure block 1312 are fixed to the wall connecting end 1 12 of the frame 11.
  • the fastening component 133 is fixed to the mounting member 22.
  • the fastening component 133 includes a bottom plate 1331 and a wing plate 1332 formed on the bottom plate 1331.
  • the flap 1332 The surface is matched with the inverted tooth pattern provided on the surface of the pressing piece 1327, and the bottom plate 1331 is fixed to the wall brick 2 by the mounting member 22, and the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arm abut against both sides of the wing plate 1332.
  • FIG. 20 to FIG. 21 Please refer to FIG. 20 to FIG. 21 to fasten the pressing assembly 131 and the wall connecting end 1 12 of the frame 1 1 , and the pressure portion 13121 presses the two receiving ends 1324 of the bow arm toward the frame 1 1 , and the two arched arms
  • the sliding end 1323 is displaced from each other at the surface of the wall connecting end 1 12 of the frame 11.
  • the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arm are limited by the flap 1332, thereby driving the first arm 1321 and the second arm. 1322 generates a pre-stressed fastening flap 1332.
  • the two ends of the pressure block 1312 respectively define a slot-shaped hole and are fastened to the wall brick connecting end 1 12 of the frame 11 by bolts penetrating in the slot-shaped hole, and the pressing assembly 131 is carried in the X-axis direction through the slot-shaped hole.
  • Position adjustment; the flap 1332 adjusts the position in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction by the enclosed space between the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms.
  • the main structure is the same as that of the first and second embodiments, with the difference that: the pressing assembly 131 includes a first wall tile connector 1311, two The pressure block 1312 and a pressure plate 1313; the first wall tile connector 131 1 includes a first back plate 131 1 1 and a top plate 131 12 and is fastened to the wall tile mounting block 20 by the first back plate 131 1 1 , the wall The brick mounting block 20 is connected to the wall tile 2 by a structural glue.
  • the top plate 131 12 is placed on the first side of the first force arm of the first fastening component 132, and the two sliding ends 1323 of the arcuate arms of the first fastening component 132.
  • a first pressure block 1312 is disposed on the second side of the first force arm 1321 of the first fastening component 132, and the two pressure receiving ends 1324 of the arcuate arms of the first fastening component 132 abut
  • the first pressure block 1312 is placed on the first side of the first force arm 1321 of the second fastening component 132', and the two sliding ends 1323 of the arcuate arm of the second fastening component 132' abut against the pressure plate.
  • a second pressure block 1312' is disposed on the first force arm 1321 of the second fastening component 132' The second side, the two compression ends of the arcuate arms of the second fastening component 132' are against the second pressure block 1312';
  • the fastening component 133 includes a first wing panel 1332 and a second wall tile connector 1331; the second wall tile connector 1331 includes a second back panel 1331 1 and a second flap 13312 formed on the back panel.
  • the second wall tile connector 1331 is fixed to the wall tile mounting block 20 by the second back plate 1331, and the wall tile mounting block 20 and the wall tile 2 are bonded by the structural glue; the two fastenings of the bow arms of the first fastening component 132 The end 1325 abuts the two sides of the first wing 1332, and the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms of the second fastening component 132' abut against the two sides of the second wing 13312;
  • the first wing plate 1332 and the pressure plate 1313 are formed on a box beam body 134 and fastened to the wall brick connection end 1 12 of the frame 1 1 by the box beam body 134;
  • the top plate 131 12 and the first pressure block 1312 are fastened, and the first pressure block 1312 presses the two pressure receiving ends 1324 of the arcuate arms of the first fastening component 132 toward the top plate 131 12 , and the arcuate arms of the first fastening component 132
  • the two sliding ends 1323 are displaced from each other at a lower surface of the top plate 131 12 .
  • the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms of the first fastening component 132 are constrained by the first wing 1332 to drive the first fastening component 132 .
  • the first force arm 1321 and the second force arm 1322 generate a pre-stressed fastening first wing 1332;
  • the clamping plate 1313 and the second pressure block 1312' are pressed, and the second pressure block 1312' presses the two pressure receiving ends 1324 of the arcuate arms of the second fastening component 132' toward the pressing plate 1313, and the second fastening component 132' is arcuate.
  • the two sliding ends of the arms are 1323 on the pressure plate
  • the surfaces of the 1313 are displaced from each other, and the two fastening ends 1325 of the second fastening component 132' of the arcuate arms are constrained by the second wing 13312, thereby driving the first force arm 1321 of the second fastening component 132' and
  • the second force arm 1322 generates a pre-stressed fastening second flap 13312.
  • the first end of the top plate 131 12 forms a slotted hole and is fastened to the first pressure block 1312 by a bolt passing through the slotted hole, and the first pressure block 1312 and the first fastening component 132 pass through the slotted hole edge Position adjustment in the Y-axis direction;
  • the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms of the first fastening component 132 are adjusted in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction on both sides of the first wing 1332 by the enclosure space 1320;
  • the pressing plate 1313 forms a slotted hole and is fastened to the second pressure block 1312' by a bolt penetrating in the slotted hole, and the second pressure block 1312' and the second fastening component 132' pass through the slotted hole of the pressure plate 1313.
  • the second flap 13312 is positionally adjusted in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction between the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms of the second fastening member 132' by the enclosed space 1320.
  • the second end of the top plate 131 12 is bent to form a first limiting plate 131 13 , and the top of the lower wall mounting block 20 forms a first limit corresponding to the first limiting plate 131 13 .
  • a slot 201, the first limiting plate 131 13 is engaged in the first limiting slot 201;
  • the bottom end of the second back plate 1331 1 is bent to form a second limiting plate 13313.
  • the bottom of the upper wall mounting block 20 forms a second limiting slot 201 corresponding to the second limiting plate 13313.
  • the second limiting position The plate 13313 is engaged in the second limiting slot 201.
  • the first back plate 131 1 1 and the second back plate 1331 1 are both provided with slot-shaped holes, and the first wall tile connector 1311 and the second wall tile connector 1331 are respectively fixed by bolts penetrating in the slot holes.
  • the lower wall tile mounting block 20 and the upper wall tile mounting block 20 are attached.
  • the main structure is the same as that of the first, second and third embodiments, with the difference that: the pressing assembly 131 comprises a box 1310 and a pressure block. 1312, the box body 1310 includes a first side plate 13101, a second side plate 13102, and a top plate 13103 and a bottom plate 13104 respectively connected to the ends of the first side plate 13101 and the second side plate 13102.
  • the inside of the box body is hollow and has a slip.
  • the two sides of the first side plate 13101 extend outwardly to form two connecting portions 13105.
  • the connecting portion 13105 of the box body 1310 is provided with a slotted hole, and is installed by bolts penetrating the slotted hole and the mounting member 22.
  • the wall 13 is disposed on the first side of the first force arm 1321, the two sliding ends 1323 of the arcuate arm abut against the surface of the box 1310, and the first side plate 13101 of the box 1310 defines a first through hole.
  • the second side plate 13102 of the box body defines a second through hole.
  • the first side block 1313 is disposed on the first side plate 13101 through the first through hole.
  • the first side of the first block 1313 forms a first slope.
  • first side block 1313 has a second side profile a screw hole penetrating through the first slope; and a second dome 1314 disposed in the sliding space, the first side surface of the second dome 1314 is formed with a second slope with the first slope, the second The inclined surface is formed with a long groove extending through the second squat block 1314.
  • the top surface of the second squat block 1314 is coupled with a pushing bolt 1315.
  • the top surface of the box body 1310 defines a third through hole, and the pushing bolt 1315 extends through the third through hole. Outside the box 1310;
  • the first side of the pressure block 1312 is coupled with a fastening bolt 13122.
  • the fastening bolt 13122 extends through the second through hole and the long slot, and cooperates with the screw hole of the first ⁇ block 1313 to fasten the pressure block 1312 to the first ⁇ block. 1313, the propeller bolt 1315 drives the second crotch block 1314 to push against the displacement of the first crotch block 1313, and then drives the pressure block 1312 to press the two compression ends 1324 of the arcuate arm to the direction of the casing 1310.
  • the two sliding ends of the arcuate arm 1323 is displaced from each other on the outer surface of the second side plate 13102 of the box 1310;
  • the fastened component 133 includes a back plate 1331 and a wing plate 1332 formed on the back plate 1331.
  • the back plate 1331 defines a slotted hole on the left and right sides of the wing plate 1332 and is fastened to the frame 11 through the slotted hole.
  • the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms abut against the two sides of the flap 1332, and the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms are constrained by the flaps 1332, thereby driving the first force arm 1321 and the second force arm 1322 to generate prestress.
  • the flap 1332 is fastened.
  • the first through hole and the second through hole are slot-shaped holes, and the fastening bolts are positionally adjusted in the X-axis direction through the slot-shaped holes; the flaps 1332 are passed through the enclosed space between the two fastening ends 1325 of the bow arms. Position adjustment in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
  • a groove-shaped hole is formed in each of the left and right bottom plates 1331 of the wing member 1332 of the fastening member 133, and is fixed to the wall tile connection end 112 of the frame 11 by bolts penetrating in the groove-shaped holes.
  • the fastening component 132 is first placed outside the second side plate 13102 of the casing 1310, and the two sliding ends 1323 of the arcuate arm abut against the second side plate 13102.
  • the pressure block 1312 is placed on the inner side of the first force arm 1321, and the two pressure receiving ends 1324 of the arcuate arm abut against the upper surface of the pressure block 1312, and the first squat block 1313 is inserted into the first through hole.
  • the flap 1332 extends from the fastening end 1325 In the enclosure space 1320, the flap 1332 can be adjusted in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction through the enclosure space 1320. After the position of the flap 1332 is fully adjusted, the propulsion bolt 1315 is tightened to drive the second crucible.
  • the block 1314 is pushed inwardly displaced in the Y-axis direction by the first ⁇ -shaped block 1313, and the position of the flap 1332 and the fastened component 133 itself is no longer moved, that is, the wall tile 2 and the chassis structure 1 are no longer The relative displacement occurs; further tightening the push bolt 1315 to tighten the pressure block 1312 with the fastened assembly 133 until the two arched arms form a clamping force against the flap 1332 to final completion of the system fastening.
  • the main structure is the same as that of the first, second, third and fourth embodiments, with the difference that: the pressing assembly 131 comprises a box 1310 and a bottom plate. 1316 and a pressure block 1312, the box body 1310 includes a first side panel 13101, a second side panel 13102, and a top panel 13103 connected to the top of the first side panel 13101 and the second side panel 13102.
  • the housing 1310 is hollowly formed therein.
  • the bottom of the box body 1310 is connected to the bottom plate 1316, and the bottom plate 1316 on both sides of the box body 1310 is respectively provided with a slot type hole, and the bottom plate 1316 is fixed to the wall brick of the frame 11 by bolts penetrating in the slot type hole.
  • the first end of the first force arm 1321 is disposed on the first side of the first force arm 1321.
  • the two sliding ends 1323 of the arcuate arm abut against the surface of the box 1310.
  • the first side plate of the box 1310 defines a first through hole.
  • the second side plate 13102 of the box body 1310 defines a second through hole.
  • the first side block 1313 is disposed through the first through hole 13101.
  • the first side plate 1313 is formed on the first side of the first side block 1313.
  • First bevel, and the first crotch block 1313 The two side surfaces are formed with a screw hole penetrating from the first sloped surface; and a second squat block 1314 is slidably disposed in the sliding space, and the first side surface of the second ⁇ -shaped block 1314 is formed with the second first surface to form a second side a beveled surface, the second inclined surface is formed with a long groove extending through the second squat block 1314, and a top surface of the second squat block 1314 is coupled with a push bolt 1315; a top surface of the box body 1310 defines a third through hole, and the push bolt 1315 passes through the The three-way hole extends out of the box 1310;
  • the first side of the pressure block 1312 is coupled with a fastening bolt 13122.
  • the fastening bolt 13122 extends through the second through hole and the long slot, and cooperates with the screw hole of the first ⁇ block 1313 to fasten the pressure block 1312 to the first ⁇ block. 1313, propeller 1315 drive
  • the second squat block 1314 is pushed against the displacement of the first squat block 1313, and then the pressure block 1312 is pressed to press the two pressure receiving ends 1324 of the bow arm toward the box body 1310.
  • the two sliding ends 1323 of the bow arms are in the box body 1310.
  • the outer surfaces of the two side plates 13102 are displaced from each other;
  • the fastening member 133 includes a back plate 1331 and a wing plate 1332 formed on the back plate 1331.
  • the back plate 1331 defines a slot-shaped hole on the left and right sides of the wing plate 1332.
  • the back plate 1331 is inserted through the slot hole. Install the wall tile 2 with the bolts of the mounting member 22.
  • the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms abut against the two sides of the flap 1332, and the two fastening ends 1325 of the arcuate arms are constrained by the flaps 1332, thereby driving the first force arm 1321 and the second force arm 1322 to generate prestress.
  • the flap 1332 is fastened.
  • the first through hole and the second through hole are slotted holes, and the fastening bolt 13122 is positionally adjusted in the X-axis direction through the slot-shaped hole; the wing plate 1332 is adjusted in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction by the enclosed space 1320.
  • a vertically protruding height adjusting plate 13311 is formed on a side portion of the back plate 1331.
  • the height adjusting bolt 13312 is screwed into a screw hole opened at the end of the height adjusting plate 13311 and the bottom of the height adjusting bolt 13312 is in contact with The upper surface of the bottom plate 1316.
  • the fastening component 132 When the wall tile 2 is installed, the fastening component 132 is first placed outside the second side plate 13102 of the casing 1310, and the two sliding ends 1323 of the arcuate arm abut against the outer surface of the second side plate 13102, and the pressure block 1312 is placed.
  • the inner side of the first force arm 1321, the two pressure receiving ends 1324 of the arcuate arm abut against the upper surface of the pressure block 1312, the first squat block 1313 is inserted into the first through hole, and the second space is adjusted in the sliding space.
  • the first block and the second bevel are abutted against each other, and the first through hole, the long slot and the second through hole are coaxial, so that the fastening bolt 13122 penetrates the fastening component 132, the second through hole, The long groove and the first through hole, and the screw hole of the first ⁇ block 1313, fasten the pressure block 1312 to the first ⁇ block 1313; the top surface of the second ⁇ block 1314 is combined with a push bolt 1315 and the push bolt 1315 extends out of the casing 1310 through the third through hole; installation of the wall tile 2 and the mounting member 22 can be completed in the factory, and then the wall tile 2 to which the mounting member 22 is mounted is bolted to the back of the fastener 133 On the plate 1331, the flap 1332 extends from the two fastening ends 1325 into the enclosed space 1320.
  • the wing plate 1332 can adjust the position of the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction through the enclosed space 1320. After the position of the flap 1332 is fully adjusted, the push bolt 1315 is tightened, and the second squat block 1314 is pushed to push.
  • the first squat block 1313 is displaced inward in the Y-axis direction; the pressure block 1312 is further fastened to the box 1310, and when the two arch arms form a certain clamping force on the flap 1332, the pushing bolt 1315 is temporarily tightened, and the height is turned by The adjusting bolt 13312 adjusts the level of the wall tile 2, and after the position of the wall tile 2 is adjusted into position, the pushing bolt 1315 is further tightened to complete the system fastening.
  • the main structure is the same as that of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth embodiments, and the difference is that: the wall brick 2 is embedded and expanded in this embodiment.
  • the bolts and wall tiles 2 are fastened by the expansion bolts to the wall tile connecting plates 1311 of the second mounting module.

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Abstract

一种墙砖安装结构，包括建筑主体（3）以及安装于所述建筑主体（3）上的墙砖（2），安装结构还包括一安装底盘（1），安装底盘（1）包括框架（11）、第一安装模块（12）以及第二安装模块（13），框架（11）包括一建筑主体连接端（111）与一墙砖连接端（112），建筑主体连接端（111）通过第一安装模块（12）安装于建筑主体（3）上，墙砖（2）通过第二安装模块（13）调节至设定位置并进行紧固，且在紧固过程中墙砖（2）的位置不发生改变，该结构提高了墙砖安装的精确度，牢固度和便捷性。

Description

说 明 书 墙砖安装结构及安装墙砖的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种建材安装结构及安装方法， 尤指一种千挂墙砖安装结构及安装墙砖的方 法。 背景技术
千挂墙砖，是指釆用金属挂件将墙砖牢固悬挂在结构体上形成饰面的一种挂装施工方法， 上述墙砖可以包括瓷板、 陶板、 ^敫晶板等人造装饰板材， 以下筒称墙砖。 该工艺不但可以避 免传统湿贴工艺出现的空鼓、 裂缝和脱落等缺点， 提高墙面的安全性和耐久性； 还可在一定 程度改善劳动条件、 降低劳动强度， 也有助于加快工程进度。 另外千挂墙砖与千挂天然石材 相比具有以下优点： 抗折强度高， 自重轻； 放射性污染小； 色彩丰富， 可加工成各种颜色、 图案、 紋路； 色泽一致， 视觉无色差； 尺寸精确， 温度应变小； 造价低、 更经济。 因为具有 上述众多优点， 所以千挂墙砖工艺近年来得到广泛的运用。
目前千挂墙砖安装方式主要有背栓式和短（通）槽式。
首先背栓式连接方式大致为： 根据设计要求安装立柱与横梁及铝合金连接件， 在墙砖背 部打孔、 设置背栓及铝合金挂件， 通过挂件与连接件的配合将墙砖搁置在立柱与横梁上， 调 节铝合金挂件上部的调整螺钉修正墙砖的位置， 最后在墙砖留缝处填充密封胶， 至此完成千 挂墙砖的安装。
可见这样的安装方式， 是墙砖并未与立柱和横梁实现紧固的"安装"， 要实现这样搁置式 的"安装"， 墙砖上的" C"型挂件与横梁上的" C"型连接件之间的配合是墙砖能否实现有效搁置 的关键， 而只有在每一块墙砖上的每一个挂件与连接件的搁置点都能实现良好地配合， 同时 每一处调整螺钉都能够有效地对墙砖进行调节的前提下， 才能根据设计要求完成墙砖的"安 装"。 因此这就要求挂件与连接件之间的设计留缝必须覆盖下述所有客观存在的误差， 否则将 无法实施。
首先对于装饰现场的墙砖安装基层施工部分： 主体结构的立柱与横梁出厂时的弯曲度是 存在误差的， 现场焊接安装时也会发生变形， 因此安装后必然存在水平、 垂直及平整度的误 差； 连接件在横梁上的紧固点的位置存在误差；
其次对于工厂内墙砖及五金配件的加工和组装部分： 墙砖的尺寸、 厚薄及平整度存在误 差； 锚孔的直径、 深浅、 垂直度存在误差； 锚孔的定位及间距存在误差； 锚栓、 挂件与连接 件本身的精度存在误差；
最后对于装饰现场墙砖安装部分： 锚栓在墙砖上的固定存在深浅或角度的误差； 挂件与 锚栓紧固后与墙砖的平行度存在误差等。
因为每个墙砖单元是由一块墙砖和多个锚栓及挂件所组成， 同时要与横梁上的多处连接 件或其他部位的点或面相结合， 而墙砖与立柱和横梁均为刚性材料， 安装的过程并不具备三 维调节的功能， 加之上述误差的客观存在及其不确定性与不可控， 势必导致墙砖上的挂件与 横梁上的连接件互相配合时结果的不确定， 而一旦两者无法顺利安装，现场处理方式可能是： ( 1 )返工，即将偏差较大的构件就地整改后重新安装，比如在原先的孔位附近重新打孔， 显然这对构件的应力再次进行了破坏， 且新开孔的牢度与稳定性同样是不确定的；
( 2 )更换， 即用新的构件更换无法安装的构件，这无疑造成了浪费，增加了安装的成本；
( 3 ) 强行安装， 即工人在现场强行将挂件或连接件撬开进行安装， 其结果是构件变形、 状态不稳定， 且墙砖的三维调节更加困难。
背栓式墙砖千挂其他结构性问题还有：
1、 铝合金挂件与铝合金连接件均为开放式的 "C"型结构、 而非封闭式结构， 其受力结构 本就不稳定、 不合理， 因此承受墙砖重量荷载后易变形、 不牢固， 当重力等荷载不同时结构 的变形亦是不确定的；
2、在调整螺钉对墙砖进行调整的过程中， 假定在墙砖上部设两个搁置与调整点， 且每个 点挂件与连接件的配合都很顺利， 调整螺钉也能自如地在连接件螺紋内转动， 这时墙砖重量 的承载点将由挂件与连接件的接触点，转移至挂件与调整螺钉顶端的接触点。在调节过程中， 承受重载的调整螺钉同时还要在连接件的铝合金螺紋内往复运动， 毫无疑问螺钉的强度与硬 度是大于铝合金型材的， 因此调整螺钉在连接件螺紋内转动的过程中， 首先被磨损或损坏的 一定是铝合金螺紋， 这样墙砖的承载点必然松动、 不稳定， 给整个结构带来安全隐患；
3、更多的情形是，由于上述误差或其他因素导致安装后挂件与连接件之间形成卡死状态， 即两者无法发生纵向相对位移。 然而此时工人依然可以拧动调整螺钉， 因为材质的关系， 仅 仅是铝合金螺紋与调整螺钉之间的摩擦阻力并不足以抵抗挂件与连接件之间的阻力。 于是， 当工人发现拧动调整螺钉后墙砖没有发生预想的位移时， 挂件内的铝合金螺紋已经被破坏。 这样对墙砖的调整就无法进行， 而调整空间与调整阻力的来源根本无法观察、 无法判断， 墙 砖重量的具体承载点也不得而知。
当发生上述情况时应该将挂件拆下、 更换重装， 可如果不进行整改而继续安装的话， 墙 砖便不能实现设计要求的有效搁置， 一旦受到震动、 碰撞等外力影响， 即会加剧不牢固、 不 稳定因素对墙砖的破坏， 最终引起墙砖碎裂乃至坠落， 存在较大安全隐患；
4、 安装后如果有局部墙砖需要更换， 将无法用相同的结构方式合理安装， 对日后的使用 及维护带来很大的麻烦；
5、 釆用两组铝合金件安装， 铝材用量较大， 且墙砖及构件返工报废的现象时有发生， 不 仅增加了安装成本， 也与发展资源节约型的国民经济战略不符。
另夕卜， 短（通）槽式墙砖千挂的连接方式大致为： 根据设计要求安装立柱与横梁及连接 件， 在墙砖边缘开槽、 填充胶粘剂与金属挂件紧固， 通过挂件将墙砖与横梁的连接件实施安 装， 最后在墙砖留缝处填充密封胶， 至此完成千挂墙砖的安装。
可见要实现千挂墙砖短 (通）槽式的可靠安装， 除了必须避免下述客观存在的误差以外， 胶粘剂的有效填充将是整个结构牢固、 稳定的关键。
首先对于墙砖安装基层： 与背栓式一样主体结构的立柱与横梁存在一定的水平、 垂直及 平整度误差； 连接件在横梁上的紧固点的位置存在误差； 其次对于墙砖及五金配件的加工： 墙砖尺寸、 厚薄及平整度存在误差； 每个槽孔的宽度、 深浅、 垂直度存在误差； 槽孔定位存在误差； 挂件与托板等连接件本身的精度存在误差； 最后对于现场安装部分： 挂件在墙砖上的固定存在深浅或角度的误差； 墙砖与挂件间的 粘结存在不确定性（如下述）等。
根据规范， 墙砖与挂件之间应选用环氧型胶粘剂。 为了使胶粘剂能达到最佳设计强度， 需同时具备以下基本条件：
时间——环氧胶一般为双组份， 从混合到固化是有一定时间限制的。 刚开始混合物基本 为液态、 粘性较强， 必须尽快将其填充至需要的区域。 因为混合物很快会开始凝胶也可能 "突 变"成硬橡胶似的凝胶物， 其硬度逐渐增强， 同时粘性逐渐丧失；
环境——被粘结物的粘结表面必须相当的洁净、 千燥；
密实——为保证粘结效果， 胶粘剂的填充必须密实， 与被粘结物充分接触；
养护——胶粘剂填充后不能对其稳定状态进行任何千扰。 因为混合物开始固化后， 具备 强度的同时也会变脆， 抗剥离、 抗开裂、 抗冲击性能较差。 然而此时其固化过程并未结束， 需继续养护一段时间以达到其最终的反应强度。
然而在墙砖千挂工程具体实施过程中：
由于墙砖槽孔的清洁、 墙砖的吊装、 就位、 调整等因素， 胶粘剂难以做到随拌随用， 墙 砖上的若千个挂件的紧固点也很难做到同时填胶， 即"时间"无法保证。 结果是紧固点内胶粘 剂的状态各不相同， 有的粘性很强、 还未开始固化， 有的开始固化了、 粘性已经降低， 而有 的已基本固化、 没有粘性；
由于施工现场的特殊性， 受到地理、 气候、 设备、 时间等多方面因素的限制， "环境 "是 无法保证的。 例如铝合金型材氟碳喷涂工艺， 对喷涂前的型材表面处理要求是相当高的， 除 了要经过去油去污、 水洗、 碱洗、 酸洗、 纯水洗等一系列标准程序外， 更重要的前提是： 必 须在一个空气湿度、 洁净度有一定标准的、 环境可控的厂房内进行操作， 即只有过程可控才 能得到确定的结果。 然而在目前的墙砖千挂施工现场， 空气湿度和洁净度等等显然是不可控 的， 要做到墙砖与挂件的表面相当洁净、 千燥是非常困难的， 这无疑将直接影响到胶粘剂的 黏结质量；
还有， 墙砖上部和下部与挂件的粘结点处， 其胶粘剂的填充密实度是不同的， 位于墙砖 下部槽孔内的胶粘剂因承受墙砖自重， 其密实度往往会大于墙砖上部槽孔内的胶粘剂； 其他 一些部位由于操作空间、 可视角度等原因， 也会影响填胶的密实度， 因此"密实"无法保证； 由于填胶后还要对墙砖进行位置调整， 五金组件可能发生的弹性形变， 以及不确定的外 力等都会对胶粘剂的稳态造成千扰， 故"养护"亦无法保证。
可见墙砖与挂件间每个点的粘结状态是不确定的、 不可控的， 两者之间并未形成有效的 紧固， 这也导致墙砖具体的承载点是不确定的、 不可控的， 同时上述种种误差也是客观存在 的和不确定与不可控的， 所以整个结构的牢固性与稳定性也是不确定的， 一旦受到震动、 碰 撞等外力影响， 很容易引起墙砖松动乃至坠落， 存在较大的安全隐患。
短（通）槽式千挂墙砖其他结构性问题还有：
1、 挂件的一端为承受墙砖重量的受力点， 另一端则是搁置在托板上的承载点， 即墙砖重 力与承载力不在同一轴线上。 然而该结构也并非类似于三角形钢屋架那样的非同轴重力与承 载的稳定转力结构， 可以将来自不同轴向的荷载通过构件有效地转移到固定的承载点上。 相 反， 挂件、 托板与连接件紧固后成为具有一定弹性的组件， 因此受力后会发生一定的形变， 使挂件在与墙砖相连的部位产生向外的撬力， 而墙砖和挂件均为刚性材料， 胶粘剂固化后也 为脆性， 都不具备緩冲性能， 所以此形变产生的撬力很容易导致专用胶脱离、 脆裂；
2、安装后如果有局部墙砖需要更换， 将无法用相同的结构方式合理安装， 对日后的使用 及维护带来很大的麻烦；
3、 完整的千挂墙砖工程并不仅仅是若千块墙砖的平面排布， 而是由许多点、 线、 面所组 成， 如阴阳角、 门窗洞口、 与其他饰面材质的交界面等等， 而且墙砖留缝处都要用专用密封 胶填充， 所以当所有墙砖都安装完毕后将成为一个整体。 再者， 墙砖与挂件之间、 挂件与托 板之间都几乎为刚性连接 , 没有任何緩冲余地， 因此若其中的某一块墙砖出现裂缝或不慎被 破坏， 受到影响的可能会是周边的若千墙砖甚至更多。
其他在国家标准《建筑幕墙》 GB/T 21086, 地方标准《上海市建筑幕墙工程技术规范》 DGJ08-56-2012 等规范中， 有关墙砖千挂安装的相关内容都有上述类似的表述。 总之目前千 挂墙砖的安装方式及承载结构都有一定的缺陷， 且没有针对性的解决措施与技术方案， 因此 相关的安全隐患始终存在， 也成为困扰相关技术人员的一大难题。
然而随着时代的进步， 各行各业的专业技术都在不断更新， 人们对千挂墙砖的市场需求 也是有增无减， 可是能有效提升墙砖千挂安装安全性与便捷性的核心技术仍未解决， 各类有 关墙砖千挂的安全事故还时有发生。 针对此类影响产业升级， 制约节能、 环保、 高效的现代 化发展的问题， 目前尚无比较合理的解决方式， 而本发明填补了此领域的空白。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷， 而提供一种千挂墙砖安装结构。 本发明的墙砖 安装结构具有尺寸界定、 三维调节、 承载与紧固等多种重要功能及以下特性：
1、 牢固性： 可通过第二安装模块对墙砖与框架的墙砖连接端实施牢固、 稳定、 有效地预 应力紧固；
2、 精准性： 可于墙砖的任意安装点在 X、 Y、 Ζ轴三个方向实现对墙砖的位置调节， 满 足设计对千挂墙砖安装精准性的要求；
3、 便捷性： 通过前期设计模块的设定， 大大降低了现场操作的技术难度， 减少了操作环 节与内容， 同时所有零部件及组合件可实现工厂加工及预制， 不但可以大幅减少工期、 提升 质量， 而且对成本节约的贡献也相当可观；
4、 易换性： 安装后一旦发生墙砖破损等情况需要对墙砖进行更换时， 可通过松开相应螺 栓来解除预应力紧固， 从而轻松实现墙砖的局部单独更换。
本发明中的第二安装模块是一种动态生成的具有稳定预应力结构的紧固模块。
预应力 [prestressing force]—般是指材料制作中或其他物件形成过程中， 预先对其在外荷 载作用下的受拉区， 使用相应的技术和工艺引入的压应力， 预引的压应力构成材料或物件的 预应力结构。 在材料或物件中引入压应力， 形成稳定的预应力结构的技术和工艺一般统称为 预应力技术。 拥有预应力结构的材料或物件一般称为预应力材料或预应力物件。 众所周知， 材料或物件的预应力结构可以改善材料或物件的使用性能。 材料或物件的使 用性能一般是指其自身刚性的提高， 自身抗震动性能的提升， 自身弹性强度的增强， 从而增 加材料或物件的耐久性和在其使用过程中的安全性。
预应力技术古已有之， 乃中国古人籍此改善生活用具性能， 加固补偿劳作工具的一种工 艺。 如木桶套箍 （引入预应力）可以耐久防漏等。 最近五十多年， 随着预应力技术的不断突 破， 预应力结构在建筑等领域获得了极大的应用， 而预应力材料也突破了高强度钢材等的制 约， 逐步向强度高、 自重轻、 弹性膜量大的聚碳纤维和聚酯纤维类等非金属型转变。
但遗憾的是， 预应力材料或物件至今的大部分应用依然还局限于改善材料和物件自身的 物理性能领域。 作为预应力材料， 其物理性能固然有显著加强， 但其内置的稳定的预应力结 构必有其应有使用的创新领域。
在外力的作用下， 材料或物件中引入压应力的过程， 一般称为材料或物件内置预应力的 产生过程。 一般而言， 任何弹性材料， 在外力的作用下， 都可产生内置预应力， 外力的作用 过程， 就是弹性材料内置预应力产生的过程。 对弹性材料内置预应力产生的动态过程用外物 实施控制， 就形成材料或物件的内置预应力的稳定结构。
本发明使用弹性紧固组件， 通过压迫组件产生外力对其引入压应力， 并使用被紧固组件 来控制压应力引入的动态过程， 最后形成压迫组件、 紧固组件和被紧固组件一体的稳定的预 应力结构， 从而完成和达到墙砖的紧固效果。
本发明的目的是解决目前千挂墙砖技术的不足， 提供一种对弹性材料预应力动态产生过 程的激发和控制， 形成稳定的预应力结构， 并可在安装过程中进行三维调节从而大幅度提高 墙砖安装精确度的墙砖安装结构。本发明建立的墙砖安装结构， 能够大大增强安装的牢固度、 精准性、 安全度、 便捷性和易换性。
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明实现了一种墙砖安装结构， 包括建筑主体以及安装于所述 建筑主体上的墙砖， 所述安装结构还包括一安装底盘， 所述墙砖通过所述安装底盘调节至设 定位置并进行紧固， 且在紧固过程中所述墙砖的位置不发生改变。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述安装底盘包括框架、 第一安装模块以及第二安装模块， 所述框架包括一建筑主体连接端与一墙砖连接端， 所述建筑主体连接端通过所述第一安装模 块安装于所述建筑主体上， 所述墙砖通过所述第二安装模块调节至设定位置并进行紧固， 且 在紧固过程中所述墙砖的位置不发生改变。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述第一安装模块包括至少一个型钢连接件， 所述型钢连接 件的第一端固接于所述建筑主体， 所述型钢连接件的第二端开设有槽型孔并通过穿设于所述 槽型孔中的螺栓连接所述框架的建筑主体连接端。
本发明的进一步改进在于，上述第二安装模块包括压迫组件、 紧固组件以及被紧固组件， 所述被紧固组件位置可调节地固定于所述框架上， 所述压迫组件位置可调节地固定于所 述墙余上；
或者， 所述被紧固组件位置可调节地固定于所述墙砖上， 所述压迫组件位置可调节地固 定于所述框架上； 通过所述压迫组件与被紧固组件的配合压迫所述紧固组件生成预应力进而紧固所述被紧 固组件， 其中：
所述紧固组件包括两个对称夹持于所述被紧固物体两侧的弓形臂， 两弓形臂之间夹设形 成一围合空间， 所述弓形臂包括一第一力臂与一连接所述第一力臂的第二力臂， 所述第一力 臂与所述第二力臂的连接处形成一滑移端， 所述第一力臂于远离所述第二力臂的一侧形成一 受压端， 所述第二力臂于远离所述第一力臂的一侧形成一紧固端， 所述第一力臂的受压端接 受所述压迫组件的压迫并配合所述被紧固物体驱使所述第一力臂与第二力臂生成预应力。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述压迫组件包括一墙砖连接板和一压力块； 所述墙砖连接 板紧固于所述墙砖且置于所述第一力臂的第一侧， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述墙砖连 接板； 所述压力块设置于所述第一力臂的第二侧， 所述弓形臂的两受压端抵靠于所述压力块； 所述被紧固组件包括一底板和一形成于所述底板的翼板， 所述底板紧固于所述框架的墙 砖连接端； 所述弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠于所述翼板两侧面；
紧固所述墙砖连接板与所述压力块， 所述压力块压迫所述弓形臂的两受压端向所述墙砖 连接板方向位移， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述墙砖连接板的表面发生相互远离的位移， 所 述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述翼板的限位， 从而驱使所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应 力紧固所述翼板。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述被紧固组件的底板上形成槽型孔， 并通过穿设于所述槽 型孔内的螺栓固定于所述框架的墙砖连接端， 且所述被紧固组件通过所述槽型孔沿一第一方 向进行位置调整；
所述弓形臂的两紧固端通过所述围合空间在所述翼板两侧面进行一第二方向和一第三方 向的位置调整。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述墙砖在背面开设有一燕尾槽， 所述墙砖通过背面开设的 燕尾槽插设一安装件 , 所述安装件与所述墙砖的缝隙之间填充粘结胶。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 通过一螺栓紧固所述墙砖连接板的第一端与所述压力块， 所 述墙砖连接板的第二端开设有复数个槽型孔， 并通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓固定于所述 安装件上。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述安装件在靠近所述墙砖连接板的一边开设有一螺栓槽， 所述安装件在靠近所述墙砖的一边设有复数个扣胶条。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述压迫组件中部两侧向内凹陷形成与所述紧固组件两弓形 臂内侧配合的压力部； 所述压迫组件的压力部夹设于所述两弓形臂之间， 所述弓形臂的两受 压端抵靠于所述压力部， 且所述弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述框架的墙砖连接端的表面， 所 述压迫组件的两端固定于所述框架的墙砖连接端；
所述被紧固组件包括一底板和一形成于所述底板的翼板， 所述底板的第一端弯折形成一 限位部， 所述墙砖的侧面形成与所述限位部配合的限位槽， 所述限位部卡合于所述限位槽内， 所述底板的第二端固定于所述墙砖上； 所述弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠于所述翼板两侧面；
紧固所述压迫组件与所述框架的墙砖连接端， 所述压力部压迫所述弓形臂的两受压端向 所述框架方向位移， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述框架的墙砖连接端表面发生相互远离的位 移， 所述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述翼板的限位， 从而驱使所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂生 成预应力紧固所述翼板。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述压迫组件的两端分别开设有一槽型孔并通过穿设于所述 槽型孔内的螺栓紧固于所述框架的墙砖连接端， 且所述压迫组件通过所述槽型孔沿一第一方 向进行位置调整；
所述翼板在所述弓形臂的两紧固端之间通过所述围合空间进行一第二方向与一第三方向 的位置调整。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述底板的第二端形成一槽型孔， 并通过穿设于所述槽型孔 内的螺栓固定于所述安装件。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述压迫组件包括一箱体和一压力块， 所述箱体包括一第一 侧板、 一第二侧板和分别连接于所述第一侧板和第二侧板端部的顶板和底板， 所述箱体内部 中空形成有一滑移空间； 第一侧板的两侧分别向外延伸形成两连接部， 所述箱体通过所述连 接部紧固于所述墙砖上； 所述箱体设置于所述第一力臂的第一侧， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端抵 靠于所述箱体的表面所述箱体第一侧板开设有一第一通孔， 所述箱体第二侧板开设有一第二 通孔； 一第一锲形块， 通过所述第一通孔穿设于所述第一侧板， 所述第一锲形块的第一侧形 成一第一斜面， 且所述第一锲形块第二侧侧面形成有一与所述第一斜面贯通的螺孔； 以及一 第二锲形块， 滑设于所述滑移空间内， 所述第二锲形块的第一侧侧面配合所述第一斜面形成 有一第二斜面， 所述第二斜面形成有一贯穿所述第二锲形块的长槽， 所述第二锲形块的顶面 结合有一推进螺栓； 所述箱体顶面开设有一第三通孔， 所述推进螺栓通过所述第三通孔伸出 所述箱体外；
所述压力块的第一侧面结合有一紧固螺栓，所述紧固螺栓贯穿所述第二通孔与所述长槽， 并配合所述第一锲形块的螺孔将所述压力块紧固于所述第一锲形块， 推进螺栓驱动所述第二 锲形块推抵所述第一锲形块位移， 进而带动所述压力块压迫所述弓形臂的两受压端向所述箱 体方向位移， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述箱体第二侧板外表面发生相互远离的位移；
所述被紧固组件包括一背板和一形成于所述背板的翼板， 所述背板紧固于所述框架的墙 砖连接端；
所述弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠于所述翼板两侧面， 且所述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述翼板 的限位， 从而驱使所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述翼板。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述第一通孔与所述第二通孔为槽型孔， 所述紧固螺栓通过 所述槽型孔沿一第一方向进行位置调整； 所述翼板通过所述围合空间进行所述第二方向与一 第三方向的位置调整。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述背板在所述翼板左右两侧分别形成一槽型孔， 并通过穿 设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓固定于所述框架的墙砖连接端上。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述箱体的连接部上开设有槽型孔， 并通过穿设于所述槽型 孔内的螺栓固定于所述安装件。
本发明进一步改进在于， 上述压迫组件包括一箱体、 一底板和一压力块， 所述箱体包括 一第一侧板、 一第二侧板和连接于所述第一侧板和第二侧板顶部的顶板， 所述箱体内部中空 形成有一滑移空间； 所述箱体的底部连接于所述底板上并通过所述底板固定于所述框架的墙 砖连接端； 所述箱体设置于所述第一力臂的第一侧， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述箱体 的表面； 所述箱体第一侧板开设有一第一通孔， 所述箱体第二侧板开设有一第二通孔； 一第 一锲形块， 通过所述第一通孔穿设于所述第一侧板， 所述第一锲形块的第一侧形成一第一斜 面，且所述第一锲形块第二侧侧面形成有一与所述第一斜面贯通的螺孔； 以及一第二锲形块， 滑设于所述滑移空间内，所述第二锲形块的第一侧侧面配合所述第一斜面形成有一第二斜面， 所述第二斜面形成有一贯穿所述第二锲形块的长槽， 所述第二锲形块的顶面结合有一推进螺 栓； 所述箱体顶面开设有一第三通孔， 所述推进螺栓通过所述第三通孔伸出所述箱体外； 所述压力块的第一侧面结合有一紧固螺栓，所述紧固螺栓贯穿所述第二通孔与所述长槽， 并配合所述第一锲形块的螺孔将所述压力块紧固于所述第一锲形块， 推进螺栓驱动所述第二 锲形块推抵所述第一锲形块位移， 进而带动所述压力块压迫所述弓形臂的两受压端向所述箱 体方向位移， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述箱体第二侧板外表面发生相互远离的位移；
所述被紧固组件包括一背板和形成于所述背板上的翼板， 所述背板紧固于所述安装件； 所述弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠于所述翼板两侧面， 且所述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述翼板 的限位， 从而驱使所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述翼板。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述第一通孔与所述第二通孔为槽型孔， 所述紧固螺栓通过 所述槽型孔沿一第一方向进行位置调整； 所述翼板通过所述围合空间进行一第二方向与一第 三方向的位置调整。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述箱体两侧的底板上分别开设有一槽型孔， 所述底板通过 穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓固定于所述框架的墙砖连接端上。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述背板在所述翼板左右两侧分别形成一槽型孔， 所述背板 通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓固定于所述安装件。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述背板侧部形成一高度调节板； 一高度调节螺栓螺接于所 述高度调节板端部开设的一螺孔内且所述高度调节螺栓的底部抵触所述底板上表面。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述压迫组件包括一第一墙砖连接件、 两压力块和一压板； 所述第一墙砖连接件包括一第一背板和一顶板并通过所述第一背板紧固于一下部墙砖， 所述 顶板置于一第一所述紧固组件的第一力臂的第一侧， 所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两滑移端 抵靠于所述顶板下表面； 一第一所述压力块设置于所述第一力臂的第二侧， 所述第一紧固组 件的弓形臂的两受压端抵靠于所述第一压力块； 所述压板置于一第二所述紧固组件的第一力 臂的第一侧， 所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述压板； 一第二所述压力块设 置于所述第二紧固组件的第一力臂的第二侧， 所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两受压端抵靠于 所述第二压力块；
所述被紧固组件包括一第一翼板和一第二墙砖连接件； 所述第二墙砖连接件包括一第二 背板和一形成于所述背板的第二翼板； 所述墙砖通过一墙砖安装块与所述第二背板连接 , 所 述第二墙砖连接件通过所述第二背板固定于一上部所述墙砖安装块上； 所述第一紧固组件的 弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠所述第一翼板两侧面， 所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠所 述第二翼板两侧面； 所述第一翼板和所述压板形成于一箱梁体， 并通过所述箱梁体紧固于所述框架的墙砖连 接端；
紧固所述顶板与所述第一压力块， 所述第一压力块压迫所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两 受压端向所述顶板方向位移， 所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两滑移端于所述顶板的下表面发 生相互远离的位移， 所述第一紧固组件弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述第一翼板的限位， 从而驱 使所述第一紧固组件的第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述第一翼板；
紧固所述压板与所述第二压力块， 所述第二压力块压迫所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两 受压端向所述压板方向位移， 所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两滑移端于所述压板的表面发生 相互远离的位移， 所述第二紧固组件弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述第二翼板的限位， 从而驱使 所述第二紧固组件的第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述第二翼板。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述顶板的第一端形成槽型孔， 并通过穿设于所述槽型孔内 的螺栓与所述第一压力块紧固， 且所述第一压力块和所述第一紧固组件通过所述槽型孔沿一 第一方向进行位置调整；
所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两紧固端通过所述围合空间在所述第一翼板两侧面进行一 第二方向和一第三方向的位置调整；
所述压板形成槽型孔， 并通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓与所述第二压力块紧固， 且所 述第二压力块和所述第二紧固组件通过所述压板的槽型孔沿所述第一方向进行位置调整； 所述第二翼板通过所述围合空间在所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两紧固端间进行一第二 方向和一第三方向的位置调整。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述顶板的第二端弯折形成一第一限位板， 所述下部的墙砖 安装块顶部形成与所述第一限位板配合的一第一限位槽， 所述第一限位板卡合于所述第一限 位槽中；
所述第二背板的底端弯折形成一第二限位板， 所述上部的墙砖安装块底部形成与所述第 二限位板配合的一第二限位槽， 所述第二限位板卡合于所述第二限位槽中。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述第一背板和所述第二背板都开设有槽型孔， 且所述第一 墙砖连接件和所述第二墙砖连接件分别通过穿设于所述槽型孔中的螺栓固定于所述下部的墙 砖安装块和上部的墙砖安装块上。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述墙砖通过膨胀螺栓安装至所述墙砖连接板上。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述弓形臂的受压端之间通过一弧形变形区连接。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述弓形臂的滑移端成圆弧面或斜面。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述第二力臂的厚度自所述滑移端至所述紧固端形成一由厚 至薄的渐变。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述弓形臂的紧固端设有一压片， 且所述压片与所述第二力 臂的连接区域向内凹陷形成一压片位置调节区。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 上述弓形臂的受压端延伸形成有一旋转定位棱， 所述压迫组 件对应所述旋转定位棱形成有旋转定位槽。
本发明由于釆用了以上技术方案， 使其具有以下有益效果是： 在本发明的紧固组件中， 压迫组件配合被紧固组件一起压迫紧固组件生成预应力， 被紧 固组件成为了生成预应力的一主控制件， 紧固组件选用的是弹性材料， 其在外力作用下， 材 料内部即形成稳定的预应力并储存起来， 与被紧固组件、 压迫组件一起组成稳定的预应力和 预应力特征的紧固体系， 其有益效果包括但不限于：
1. 预应力结构受到外界影响时， 其敏感性的緩冲作用也是相当明显的。 比如， 当被紧固 物体或其他部件突然受到环境温度影响， 由于材料本身的热冲击性能差而产生分布不均的内 应力时； 在安装过程中以及使用过程中， 由于可能受到的外力撞击而产生分布不均的内应力 时； 因设计要求， 在墙砖上安装多组紧固单元时， 其内部也可能发生应力局部集中。 此时整 个预应力紧固单元都可以通过弹性材料的形变大小来调节相应的预应力大小， 以此对可能发 生的不均衡内应力进行緩冲， 从而很好地起到对墙砖乃至整个结构的保护作用。
2. 在对墙砖的安装位置调整到位后， 直到实施最终紧固的过程中， 墙砖乃至整个紧固单 元本身是不移动的， 而是通过压迫组件中的螺栓旋转， 压迫紧固组件产生形变而实施紧固。 这样无疑避免了墙砖内应力的产生， 保持了预应力结构的稳定。 目前普遍釆用的此类紧固方 式大多是靠五金等手段直接紧固， 过程中被安装物无一例外都会产生位移， 而这又是被安装 物产生不均衡内应力的一大诱因。
3. 本发明在整个预应力紧固的实施过程中， 都不会产生由于紧固对墙砖造成不规则的压 迫和表面形变， 避免了由于各构件的误差、 安装载体的误差、 墙砖本身的误差， 以及上述紧 固过程产生的工件位移等因素，而必然导致的墙砖既有的平整度和自身均衡的内应力的破坏， 大大增强了整个墙砖紧固***的安全性和抵抗外力的能力。
4. 本发明在安装时对墙砖的三维调节， 是在未紧固状态下的自由放置式的调节， 完全不 受任何限制； 且对三维调节空间的设置， 完全可以覆盖通常标准工件的制造误差以及通常标 准施工形成的构件误差。
5. 本发明安装与紧固过程不再依赖胶粘剂， 但仍可作为辅助粘合剂在墙砖组件工厂加工 时选择使用， 故可忽略其使用的种种限制。
6. 本发明在整个预应力紧固的实施过程中， 都是通过拧紧相关螺栓来压迫被紧固组件进 而使紧固组件产生预应力， 在具体操作时， 通过前期的设计模块中对各个组件原材料的选择 及几何形状的设计， 后期工人只需将相关螺栓拧紧到位即可得到预设的紧固力， 无须受到操 作力度等不确定因素的影响， 大大降低操作条件和技术要求。
本发明在对现有技术的安全性与便捷性有质的改进的基础上， 还可大幅减少型材等材料 的使用， 及材料成本的节约； 另外， 操作技术条件的降低与全过程可控， 有效避免返工及材 料的报废等， 更是对时间缩短及人工成本节约的显著贡献。 附图说明
图 1为本发明第一较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构侧视示意图；
图 2为本发明第一较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构俯视示意图；
图 3为本发明第一较佳实施例的千挂墙砖第二安装模块结构放大示意图；
图 4为图 2中 A-A节点剖面图； 图 5为图 4中安装件的立体示意图；
图 6为本发明第一较佳实施例墙砖与框架的连接结构立体示意图； 图 7为图 6的分解示意图；
图 8为图 6中紧固组件的立体示意图；
图 9为图 8的平面示意图；
图 10为图 6中第二安装模块结构示意图；
图 11为图 10的分解示意图；
图 12为图 6中紧固组件的弧形变形区受压变形示意图；
图 13为本发明第一较佳实施例的第二安装模块紧固过程原理示意图； 图 14为本发明第二较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构侧视示意图； 图 15为本发明第二较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构俯视示意图； 图 16为本发明第二较佳实施例的千挂墙砖第二安装模块结构平面示意图; 图 17为本发明第二较佳实施例墙砖与框架的连接结构立体示意图； 图 18为图 17的分解示意图；
图 19为图 17中压力块立体示意图；
图 20为图 17中第二安装模块连接结构示意图；
图 21为图 20的分解示意图；
图 22为本发明第三较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构侧视示意图； 图 23为本发明第三较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构俯视示意图； 图 24为本发明第三较佳实施例的千挂墙砖第二安装模块结构平面示意图; 图 25为本发明第三较佳实施例墙砖与框架的连接结构立体示意图； 图 26为图 25的分解示意图；
图 27为图 25中箱梁体与框架连接结构示意图；
图 28为图 27的分解示意图；
图 29为图 25中第一墙砖连接件与下部的墙砖安装块的连接结构示意图； 图 30为图 29的分解结构示意图；
图 31为图 25中第二墙砖连接件与上部的墙砖安装块的连接结构示意图； 图 32为图 31的分解结构示意图。
图 33为本发明第四较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构侧视示意图； 图 34为本发明第四较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构俯视示意图； 图 35为本发明第四较佳实施例的千挂墙砖第二安装模块结构平面示意图; 图 36为本发明第四较佳实施例墙砖与框架的连接结构立体示意图； 图 37为图 36的分解示意图；
图 38为图 36中箱体立体结构示意图；
图 39为图 36中压力块立体结构示意图；
图 40为图 36中第二安装模块分解示意图；
图 41为本发明第五较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构侧视示意图； 图 42为本发明第五较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构俯视示意图；
图 43为本发明第五较佳实施例的千挂墙砖第二安装模块结构平面示意图；
图 44为本发明第五较佳实施例墙砖与框架的连接结构立体示意图；
图 45为图 44的分解示意图；
图 46为图 44中第二安装模块立体连接结构示意图；
图 47为图 46的分解示意图；
图 48为本发明第六较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构侧视示意图；
图 49为本发明第六较佳实施例的千挂墙砖安装结构俯视示意图；
图 50为本发明第六较佳实施例墙砖与框架的连接结构立体示意图；
图 51为图 50的分解示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
参阅图 1〜图 3所示， 在本发明的第一较佳实施例中， 本发明的千挂墙砖安装结构包括建 筑主体 3以及安装于建筑主体 3上的墙砖 2,安装结构还包括一安装底盘 1 ,安装底盘 1包括 框架 11、第一安装模块 12以及第二安装模块 13 ,框架 11包括一建筑主体连接端 111与一墙 砖连接端 112, 在本实施例中， 框架 11为一槽钢， 建筑主体连接端 111为该槽钢的腹板， 墙 砖连接端 112为该槽钢的其中一翼板；建筑主体连接端 111通过第一安装模块 12安装于建筑 主体 3上， 墙砖 2通过墙砖连接件 22连接于墙砖连接端 112, 并通过第二安装模块 13调节 至设定位置并进行紧固， 且在紧固过程中墙砖 2的位置不发生改变。
第一安装模块 12包括至少一个型钢连接件， 型钢连接件的第一端固接于建筑主体 3 , 型 钢连接件的第二端开设有槽型孔并通过穿设于槽型孔中的螺栓连接框架 11 的建筑主体连接 端 111。
在本实施例中， 墙砖 2通过一安装件 22安装至第二安装模块 13上， 参阅图 4、 5所示， 安装件 22与墙砖 2的连接处位置上形成有复数扣胶条 221 , 安装件 22与第二安装模块 13的 连接处形成有一螺栓槽 222。 具体安装方式为： 首先在墙砖 2合适位置开设燕尾槽 21 , 所述 安装件对应所述墙砖的一侧形成有燕尾状卡接端 223 , 再将燕尾状卡接端 223嵌设于燕尾槽 21中， 并在墙砖 2与安装件 22的连接缝隙处填充适用于墙砖 2材质的粘结胶， 由于适用于 墙砖 2材质的粘结胶未必最佳适用于金属的粘合力，特此在安装件 22与墙砖 2的连接处位置 上增设了扣胶条 221 , 安装件 22与墙砖 2之间的粘结胶固化后扣胶条 221可起到加固粘结胶 对安装件 22的粘结力， 防止墙砖 2可能产生的松动， 最后通过将螺栓插设于安装件 22上的 螺栓槽 222中并进行紧固， 最终完成将墙砖 2安装至第二安装模块 13上的工作。
请参阅图 6、 7, 第二安装模块 13包括一压迫组件 131、 一紧固组件 132以及一被紧固组 件 133 , 压迫组件 131配合被紧固组件 133压迫紧固组件 132生成预应力进而紧固被紧固组 件 133 , 为便于描述现在该实施例中作以下定义： 以墙砖 2的水平安装方向作为 X轴方向， 以墙砖 2的厚度方向作为 Y轴方向， 以墙砖 2的垂直安装方向作为 Z轴方向， 且 X轴垂直于 所述 Y轴， Z轴垂直于 X轴与 Y轴构成的平面； 其中： 配合图 8~1 1所示， 紧固组件 132包括两个对称夹持于被紧固物体两侧的弓形臂，其材料 应选用具有相当强度， 同时兼具一定弹性与韧性的材料， 如金属、 工程塑料、 高分子材料等； 两弓形臂之间夹设形成一围合空间 1320 ,弓形臂包括一第一力臂 1321与一连接第一力臂 1321 的第二力臂 1322 , 第一力臂与第二力臂的连接处形成一滑移端 1323 , 该滑移端 1323成圆弧 面或斜面可以在保证在滑移过程中产生的阻力更小； 第一力臂 1321于远离第二力臂 1322的 一侧形成一受压端 1324 , 该受压端 1324向下延伸形成有一旋转定位棱 1326; 第二力臂 1322 于远离第一力臂 1321的一侧形成一紧固端 1325 , 紧固端 1325上结合有一压片 1327 , 压片 1327的表面设有与翼板 1332的表面配合的倒齿紋； 且第二力臂 1322与压片 1327的连接区 域向内凹陷形成一压片位置调节区 1328 , 通过该压片位置调节区 1328可在紧固过程中实现 压片 1327微小的自身位置调节， 以使其更平整地贴附被紧固组件 133 ; 第一力臂 1321的受 压端 1324接受压迫组件 131 的压迫并配合被紧固组件 133驱使第一力臂 1321 与第二力臂 1322生成预应力。 在本实施例中第一力臂 1321为一短直臂， 第二力臂 1322为一弧形臂， 且 第二力臂 1322的厚度自滑移端 1323至紧固端 1325形成一由厚至薄的渐变，该种结构可以保 证整个弧形臂充分和均匀形变， 不易折断； 进一步的配合图 12 所示， 两弓形臂在两受压端 1324之间通过设置一弧形变形区 1329进行连接， 当第一力臂 1321的受压端 1324受压时， 弧形变形区 1329自弧形被压迫成为直线型， 弧形变形区 1329的受压变形过程请参阅图 1 1 ; 弧形变形区 1329的设计保证了紧固组件 132具有一定的延展空间； 紧固组件 132于两受压端 1324及弧形变形区 1329相互结合的区域沿 Y轴方向贯穿设有一通孔。
配合图 6〜图 7、图 10〜图 13所示，压迫组件 131包括一墙余连接板 131 1和一压力块 1312; 墙砖连接板 131 1通过安装件 22紧固于墙砖 2且置于第一力臂 1321的第一侧，弓形臂的两滑 移端 1323抵靠于墙砖连接板 131 1 ; 压力块 1312设置于第一力臂 1321的第二侧， 弓形臂的 两受压端 1324抵靠于压力块 1312;墙砖连接板 131 1两侧设有加强翼板 131 10 ,截面呈 U型； 压力块 1312的中部设有一 Y轴方向贯穿的通孔， 同时压力块 1312的上表面中部沿 Z轴方向 配合旋转定位棱 1326设置了两条通长的旋转定位槽 13121 , 该旋转定位槽 13121的半径等于 或略大于旋转定位棱 1326的半径，这样当整个紧固组件 132在实施紧固过程中，旋转定位棱 1326可以有效地在旋转定位槽 13121 内定位与进行转动， 两滑移端 1323才会在墙砖连接板 131 1的表面仅沿 X轴方向位移。
被紧固组件 133包括一底板 1331和一形成于底板 1331的翼板 1332, 翼板 1332表面与 压片 1327表面的倒齿紋配合， 底板 1331紧固于框架 1 1的墙砖连接端 1 12; 弓形臂的两紧固 端 1325的压片 1327抵靠于翼板 1332两侧面。
紧固墙砖连接板 131 1与压力块 1312 , 压力块 1312压迫弓形臂的两受压端 1324向墙砖 连接板 131 1方向位移，弓形臂的两滑移端 1323于墙砖连接板 131 1的第二侧表面发生相互远 离的位移， 弓形臂的两紧固端 1325受到翼板 1332的限位，从而驱使第一力臂 1321与第二力 臂 1322生成预应力紧固翼板 1332。 下面配合图 12来进一步说明整个紧固过程的工作原理， 弓形臂的两受压端 1324在压力块 1312的压迫作用下沿 Y轴方向位移，通过旋转定位棱 1326 与旋转定位槽 13121的配合保证了受压端 1324在移动过程中不发生 X、 Z轴方向上的偏移， 两个弓形臂受压端 1324之间的距离在紧固过程中是可控不变的， 同时两滑移端 1323抵靠于 墙砖连接板 1311沿 X轴方向发生相互远离的位移，而两紧固端 1325沿 X轴方向发生相互靠 近的位移直至抵靠于翼板 1332的侧面，因此两紧固端 1325的压片 1327间的距离也是可控的， 其在翼板 1332上的紧固位置点也是可控的；进一步通过压力块 1312压迫两受压端 1324沿 Y 轴方向上位移， 进而驱使两滑移端 1323沿 X轴方向继续远离， 而两紧固端 1325此时抵靠于 翼板 1332的侧面并由此受到限位，第一力臂 1321及第二力臂 1322由此发生形变并生成预应 力， 至此第二安装模块 13达到紧固状态， 翼板 1332获得紧固。 同样的， 当预应力需要解除 时， 只要将螺栓松开， 弓形臂的形变会恢复到之前未紧固状态， 此时预应力自动消失， 整个 紧固***模块的部件都是可逆的、 无损耗的和再次重复使用的， 不仅节约了成本， 同时也非 常环保。
被紧固组件 133底板 1331上形成两槽型孔， 并通过穿设于槽型孔内的螺栓固定于框架 11的墙砖连接端 112, 且被紧固组件 133通过槽型孔沿 X方向进行位置调整； 弓形臂的两紧 固端 1325通过围合空间 1320在翼板 1332两侧面进行 Y方向和 Z方向的位置调整。
本实施例在装配墙砖 2时， 首先将安装底盘 1定位固定于建筑主体 3上， 然后确定被安 装墙砖 2相对于安装底盘 1中框架 11的预设安装位置， 根据该预设安装位置在框架 11的墙 砖连接端 112定位被紧固组件 133 , 被紧固件 133通过槽型孔进行 X方向的调节至预设位置 后固定； 墙砖 2、 安装件 22与墙砖连接板 1311的制作与安装均可在工厂内完成， 先在加工 好的墙砖背面根据设计要求开设燕尾槽 21 , 将安装件 22的燕尾状卡接端 223嵌设固定于燕 尾槽 21内， 然后通过螺栓和螺帽将墙砖连接板 1311与安装件 22实施紧固； 在紧固之前， 可 对墙砖连接板 1311进行 X轴方向的调整， 主要是保证墙砖连接板 1311突出墙砖 2的宽度必 须满足设计要求。 将墙砖 2设置于预设安装位置， 之后将压力块 1312抵靠第一力臂 1321内 侧并将两紧固端 1325搁置于被紧固件 133翼板 1332的两侧；在保证墙砖 2不移动的基础上， 通过螺栓预紧固墙砖连接板 1311与压力块 1312, 压力块 1312压迫弓形臂的两受压端 1324 向墙砖连接板 1311方向位移，弓形臂的两滑移端 1323于墙砖连接板 1311的表面发生相互远 离的位移， 弓形臂的两紧固端 1325受到翼板 1332的限位，从而驱使第一力臂 1321与第二力 臂 1322生成预应力预紧固翼板 1332; 同时弓形臂的两紧固端 1325通过围合空间 1320在翼 板 1332两侧面进行 Y轴方向和 Z轴方向的位置调整后完全紧固， 实现墙砖 2在预设安装位 置的精确固定。
在翼板 1332与墙砖 2和紧固组件 132的安装过程中， 翼板 1332将起到关键作用： 首先 整个安装***的坐标系原点设置在它的重心处， 所有构配件的定位或尺寸将据此进行设计， 即实现安装底盘 1的尺寸界定功能； 在与紧固组件 132组合安装时， 翼板 1332作为主控制件 参与预应力紧固的过程，同时通过翼板 1332在紧固组件 132的围合空间 1320中的相对位移， 可实现墙砖 Y轴与 Z轴方向的调整， 即实现安装底盘 1的三维调节功能； 最后安装完成， 墙 砖 2的重力荷载也是通过翼板 1332转移至安装底盘 1, 实现了安装底盘 1的承载与紧固功能 参阅图 14〜图 19所示， 在本发明的第二较佳实施例中， 其主要结构与第一实施例相同， 区别在于： 压迫组件 131主要由一呈工字型的压力块 1312与墙砖连接端 112 (即框架 11的 翼板）组成，压力块 1312中部两侧向内凹陷形成与紧固组件 132两弓形臂内侧配合的压力部 13121; 压力块 1312的压力部 13121夹设于两弓形臂之间， 弓形臂的两受压端 1324抵靠于压 力部 13121,且弓形臂的两滑移端 1323抵靠于框架 1 1的墙砖连接端 1 12的表面，压力块 1312 的两端固定于框架 1 1的墙砖连接端 1 12;
请参阅图 17〜图 18所示， 在本实施例中被紧固组件 133固定于安装件 22上， 被紧固组 件 133包括一底板 1331和一形成于底板 1331的翼板 1332, 翼板 1332表面与压片 1327表面 设有的倒齿紋配合，底板 1331通过安装件 22固定于墙砖 2上， 弓形臂的两紧固端 1325抵靠 于翼板 1332两侧面。
请配合图 20〜图 21所示， 紧固压迫组件 131与框架 1 1的墙砖连接端 1 12, 压力部 13121 压迫弓形臂的两受压端 1324向框架 1 1方向位移， 弓形臂的两滑移端 1323于框架 1 1的墙砖 连接端 1 12表面发生相互远离的位移， 弓形臂的两紧固端 1325受到翼板 1332的限位， 从而 驱使第一力臂 1321与第二力臂 1322生成预应力紧固翼板 1332。
压力块 1312的两端分别开设有一槽型孔并通过穿设于槽型孔内的螺栓紧固于框架 1 1的 墙砖连接端 1 12, 且压迫组件 131通过槽型孔沿 X轴方向进行位置调整； 翼板 1332在弓形臂 的两紧固端 1325之间通过围合空间进行 Y轴方向与 Z轴方向的位置调整。
参阅图 22〜图 28所示， 在本发明的第三较佳实施例中， 其主要结构与第一、 二实施例相 同， 区别在于： 压迫组件 131包括一第一墙砖连接件 1311、 两压力块 1312和一压板 1313 ; 第一墙砖连接件 131 1包括一第一背板 131 1 1和一顶板 131 12并通过第一背板 131 1 1紧固于墙 砖安装块 20上， 墙砖安装块 20通过结构胶与墙砖 2连接， 顶板 131 12置于一第一紧固组件 132的第一力臂的第一侧， 第一紧固组件 132的弓形臂的两滑移端 1323抵靠于顶板 131 12下 表面； 一第一压力块 1312设置于第一紧固组件 132第一力臂 1321的第二侧， 第一紧固组件 132的弓形臂的两受压端 1324抵靠于第一压力块 1312; 压板 1313置于一第二紧固组件 132' 的第一力臂 1321的第一侧， 第二紧固组件 132'的弓形臂的两滑移端 1323抵靠于压板 1313 ; 一第二压力块 1312'设置于第二紧固组件 132'的第一力臂 1321的第二侧， 第二紧固组件 132' 的弓形臂的两受压端 1324 ^1氏靠于第二压力块 1312' ;
被紧固组件 133包括一第一翼板 1332和一第二墙砖连接件 1331 ; 第二墙砖连接件 1331 包括一第二背板 1331 1和一形成于背板的第二翼板 13312 , 第二墙砖连接件 1331通过第二背 板 1331 1固定于墙砖安装块 20 ,墙砖安装块 20与墙砖 2通过结构胶粘结； 第一紧固组件 132 的弓形臂的两紧固端 1325抵靠第一翼板 1332两侧面， 第二紧固组件 132'的弓形臂的两紧固 端 1325抵靠第二翼板 13312两侧面；
第一翼板 1332和压板 1313形成于一箱梁体 134 , 并通过箱梁体 134紧固于框架 1 1的墙 砖连接端 1 12;
紧固顶板 131 12与第一压力块 1312 , 第一压力块 1312压迫第一紧固组件 132的弓形臂 的两受压端 1324向顶板 131 12方向位移， 第一紧固组件 132的弓形臂的两滑移端 1323于顶 板 131 12的下表面发生相互远离的位移，第一紧固组件 132弓形臂的两紧固端 1325受到第一 翼板 1332的限位，从而驱使第一紧固组件 132的第一力臂 1321与第二力臂 1322生成预应力 紧固第一翼板 1332;
紧固压板 1313与第二压力块 1312' , 第二压力块 1312'压迫第二紧固组件 132'的弓形臂 的两受压端 1324向压板 1313方向位移，第二紧固组件 132'的弓形臂的两滑移端 1323于压板 1313的表面发生相互远离的位移， 第二紧固组件 132'弓形臂的两紧固端 1325受到第二翼板 13312的限位， 从而驱使第二紧固组件 132'的第一力臂 1321与第二力臂 1322生成预应力紧 固第二翼板 13312。
顶板 131 12的第一端形成槽型孔，并通过穿设于槽型孔内的螺栓与第一压力块 1312紧固， 且第一压力块 1312和第一紧固组件 132通过槽型孔沿 Y轴方向进行位置调整；
第一紧固组件 132的弓形臂的两紧固端 1325通过围合空间 1320在第一翼板 1332两侧面 进行 X轴方向和 Z轴方向的位置调整；
压板 1313形成槽型孔， 并通过穿设于槽型孔内的螺栓与第二压力块 1312'紧固， 且第二 压力块 1312'和第二紧固组件 132'通过压板 1313的槽型孔沿 Y轴方向进行位置调整；
第二翼板 13312通过围合空间 1320在第二紧固组件 132'的弓形臂的两紧固端 1325间进 行 X轴方向和 Z轴方向的位置调整。
请参阅图 29〜图 32 , 顶板 131 12的第二端弯折形成一第一限位板 131 13 , 下部的墙砖安 装块 20顶部形成与第一限位板 131 13配合的一第一限位槽 201 , 第一限位板 131 13卡合于第 一限位槽 201中；
第二背板 1331 1的底端弯折形成一第二限位板 13313 , 上部的墙砖安装块 20底部形成与 第二限位板 13313配合的一第二限位槽 201 , 第二限位板 13313卡合于第二限位槽 201中。
第一背板 131 1 1和第二背板 1331 1都开设有槽型孔，且第一墙砖连接件 1311和第二墙砖 连接件 1331分别通过穿设于槽型孔中的螺栓固定于下部的墙砖安装块 20和上部的墙砖安装 块 20上。
参阅图 33〜图 40所示， 在本发明的第四较佳实施例中， 其主要结构与第一、 二、 三实施 例相同， 区别在于： 压迫组件 131包括一箱体 1310和一压力块 1312 , 箱体 1310包括一第一 侧板 13101、 一第二侧板 13102和分别连接于第一侧板 13101和第二侧板 13102端部的顶板 13103和底板 13104 , 箱体内部中空形成有一滑移空间； 第一侧板 13101的两侧分别向外延伸 形成两连接部 13105 , 箱体 1310的连接部 13105上开设有槽型孔， 并通过穿设于槽型孔与安 装件 22的螺栓安装墙砖 2;箱体 1310设置于第一力臂 1321的第一侧，弓形臂的两滑移端 1323 抵靠于箱体 1310表面， 箱体 1310第一侧板 13101开设有一第一通孔， 箱体第二侧板 13102 开设有一第二通孔； 一第一锲形块 1313 , 通过第一通孔穿设于第一侧板 13101 , 第一锲形块 1313第一侧形成一第一斜面， 且第一锲形块 1313第二侧侧面形成有一与第一斜面贯通的螺 孔； 以及一第二锲形块 1314 , 滑设于滑移空间内， 第二锲形块 1314的第一侧侧面配合第一 斜面形成有一第二斜面， 第二斜面形成有一贯穿第二锲形块 1314的长槽， 第二锲形块 1314 顶面结合有一推进螺栓 1315 ; 箱体 1310顶面开设有一第三通孔， 推进螺栓 1315通过第三通 孔伸出箱体 1310外;
压力块 1312的第一侧面结合有一紧固螺栓 13122 ,紧固螺栓 13122贯穿第二通孔与长槽， 并配合第一锲形块 1313的螺孔将压力块 1312紧固于第一锲形块 1313 , 推进螺栓 1315驱动 第二锲形块 1314推抵第一锲形块 1313位移， 进而带动压力块 1312压迫弓形臂的两受压端 1324向箱体 1310方向位移， 弓形臂的两滑移端 1323于箱体 1310第二侧板 13102外表面发 生相互远离的位移； 被紧固组件 133包括一背板 1331和一形成于背板 1331的翼板 1332, 背板 1331在翼板 1332左右两侧分别形成一槽型孔并通过该槽型孔紧固于框架 11的墙砖连接端 112;
弓形臂的两紧固端 1325抵靠于翼板 1332两侧面， 且弓形臂的两紧固端 1325受到翼板 1332的限位， 从而驱使第一力臂 1321与第二力臂 1322生成预应力紧固翼板 1332。
其中， 第一通孔与第二通孔为槽型孔， 紧固螺栓通过槽型孔沿 X轴方向进行位置调整； 翼板 1332在弓形臂的两紧固端 1325之间通过围合空间进行 Y轴方向与 Z轴方向的位置调整。
被紧固组件 133的翼板 1332左右两侧的底板 1331上分别形成一槽型孔， 并通过穿设于 槽型孔内的螺栓固定于框架 11的墙砖连接端 112上。
请参阅图 36〜图 40, 安装墙砖 2时， 首先将紧固组件 132置于箱体 1310第二侧板 13102 外侧， 弓形臂的两滑移端 1323抵靠于第二侧板 13102的外表面， 将压力块 1312置于第一力 臂 1321的内侧， 弓形臂的两受压端 1324抵靠于压力块 1312的上表面， 将第一锲形块 1313 穿设于第一通孔中，在滑移空间中调整第二锲形块 1314的位置使第一斜面与第二斜面相互抵 靠， 且第一通孔、 长槽以及第二通孔同轴， 使螺栓贯穿紧固组件 132、 第二通孔、 长槽与第 一通孔， 并配合第一锲形块 1313的螺孔将压力块 1312紧固于第一锲形块 1313 ; 第二锲形块 1314的顶面结合有一推进螺栓 1315且推进螺栓 1315通过第三通孔伸出箱体 1310外；墙砖 2 与安装件 22的安装可在工厂内完成， 然后通过螺栓将安装有安装件 22的墙砖 2紧固至箱体 1310的两侧连接部 13105上， 翼板 1332 自紧固端 1325之间伸入围合空间 1320中， 此时翼 板 1332可通过该围合空间 1320进行 Y轴方向与 Z轴方向的位置调整， 待翼板 1332的位置 完全调整到位后，拧紧推进螺栓 1315 ,驱动第二锲形块 1314推抵第一锲形块 1313沿 Y轴方 向向内位移， 此时翼板 1332与被紧固组件 133本身的位置不再移动， 即墙砖 2与底盘结构 1 之间也不再发生相对位移； 进而继续拧紧推进螺栓 1315紧固压力块 1312与被紧固组件 133 , 直至两弓形臂对翼板 1332形成夹持力至最终完成***紧固。
参阅图 41~47所示， 在本发明的第五较佳实施例中， 其主要结构与第一、 二、 三、 四实 施例相同， 区别在于： 压迫组件 131包括一箱体 1310、 一底板 1316和一压力块 1312, 箱体 1310包括一第一侧板 13101、 一第二侧板 13102和连接于第一侧板 13101和第二侧板 13102 顶部的顶板 13103 ,箱体 1310内部中空形成有一滑移空间；箱体 1310的底部连接于底板 1316 上， 箱体 1310两侧的底板 1316上分别开设有一槽型孔，底板 1316通过穿设于槽型孔内的螺 栓固定于框架 11的墙砖连接端 112上； 箱体 1310设置于第一力臂 1321的第一侧， 弓形臂的 两滑移端 1323抵靠于箱体 1310的表面； 箱体 1310第一侧板开设有一第一通孔， 箱体 1310 第二侧板 13102开设有一第二通孔；一第一锲形块 1313 ,通过第一通孔穿设于第一侧板 13101 , 第一锲形块 1313的第一侧形成一第一斜面， 且第一锲形块 1313第二侧侧面形成有一与第一 斜面贯通的螺孔； 以及一第二锲形块 1314, 滑设于滑移空间内， 第二锲形块 1314的第一侧 侧面配合第一斜面形成有一第二斜面， 第二斜面形成有一贯穿第二锲形块 1314的长槽， 第二 锲形块 1314的顶面结合有一推进螺栓 1315;箱体 1310顶面开设有一第三通孔，推进螺栓 1315 通过第三通孔伸出箱体 1310外；
压力块 1312的第一侧面结合有一紧固螺栓 13122 ,紧固螺栓 13122贯穿第二通孔与长槽， 并配合第一锲形块 1313的螺孔将压力块 1312紧固于第一锲形块 1313 , 推进螺栓 1315驱动 第二锲形块 1314推抵第一锲形块 1313位移， 进而带动压力块 1312压迫弓形臂的两受压端 1324向箱体 1310方向位移， 弓形臂的两滑移端 1323于箱体 1310第二侧板 13102外表面发 生相互远离的位移；
被紧固组件 133包括一背板 1331和形成于背板 1331上的翼板 1332, 背板 1331在翼板 1332左右两侧分别形成一槽型孔， 背板 1331通过穿设于该槽型孔与安装件 22的螺栓安装墙 砖 2。
弓形臂的两紧固端 1325抵靠于翼板 1332两侧面， 且弓形臂的两紧固端 1325受到翼板 1332的限位， 从而驱使第一力臂 1321与第二力臂 1322生成预应力紧固翼板 1332。
第一通孔与第二通孔为槽型孔， 紧固螺栓 13122通过槽型孔沿 X轴方向进行位置调整； 翼板 1332通过围合空间 1320进行 Y轴方向与 Z轴方向的位置调整。
请参阅图 44~45 , 背板 1331侧部形成一垂直突出的高度调节板 13311 ; —高度调节螺栓 13312螺接于高度调节板 13311端部开设的一螺孔内且高度调节螺栓 13312的底部抵触底板 1316上表面。
安装墙砖 2时， 首先将紧固组件 132置于箱体 1310第二侧板 13102外侧， 弓形臂的两滑 移端 1323抵靠于第二侧板 13102的外表面，将压力块 1312置于第一力臂 1321的内侧， 弓形 臂的两受压端 1324抵靠于压力块 1312的上表面，将第一锲形块 1313穿设于第一通孔中，在 滑移空间中调整第二锲形块 1314的位置使第一斜面与第二斜面相互抵靠，且第一通孔、长槽 以及第二通孔同轴， 使紧固螺栓 13122贯穿紧固组件 132、 第二通孔、 长槽与第一通孔， 并 配合第一锲形块 1313的螺孔将压力块 1312紧固于第一锲形块 1313 ; 第二锲形块 1314的顶 面结合有一推进螺栓 1315且推进螺栓 1315通过第三通孔伸出箱体 1310外；墙砖 2与安装件 22的安装可在工厂内完成， 然后将安装有安装件 22的墙砖 2通过螺栓固定至被紧固件 133 的背板 1331上， 翼板 1332自两紧固端 1325之间伸入围合空间 1320中，此时翼板 1332可通 过该围合空间 1320进行 Y轴方向与 Z轴方向的位置调整，待翼板 1332的位置完全调整到位 后， 拧紧推进螺栓 1315 , 驱动第二锲形块 1314推抵第一锲形块 1313沿 Y轴方向向内位移； 进而紧固压力块 1312与箱体 1310, 待两弓形臂对翼板 1332形成一定夹持力时， 暂停拧紧推 进螺栓 1315 , 通过拧动高度调节螺栓 13312调整墙砖 2的水平度， 待墙砖 2的位置调整到位 后， 继续拧紧推进螺栓 1315至完成***紧固。
请参阅图 48-图 51所示， 在本发明第六实施例中， 其主要结构与第一、 二、 三、 四、 五 实施例相同， 区别在于： 本实施例中墙砖 2埋入膨胀螺栓， 墙砖 2通过膨胀螺栓与第二安装 模块的墙砖连接板 1311进行紧固。
以上结合附图实施例对本发明进行了详细说明， 本领域普通技术人员可根据上述说明对 本发明做出种种变化例。 因而， 实施例中的某些细节不应构成对本发明的限定， 本发明将以 所附权利要求书界定的范围作为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种墙砖安装结构， 包括建筑主体以及安装于所述建筑主体上的墙砖， 其特征在于， 所述安装结构还包括一安装底盘， 所述墙砖通过所述安装底盘调节至设定位置并进行紧固， 且在紧固过程中所述墙砖的位置不发生改变。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述墙砖上嵌设固定有一安装件， 所述墙砖通过所述安装件连接所述安装底盘。
3. 如权利要求 1 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述安装底盘包括框架、 第一安 装模块以及第二安装模块， 所述框架包括一建筑主体连接端与一墙砖连接端， 所述建筑主体 连接端通过所述第一安装模块安装于所述建筑主体上，所述墙砖通过所述第二安装模块调节 至设定位置并进行紧固， 且在紧固过程中所述墙砖的位置不发生改变。
4. 如权利要求 3 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述第一安装模块包括至少一个 型钢连接件， 所述型钢连接件的第一端固接于所述建筑主体， 所述型钢连接件的第二端开设 有槽型孔并通过穿设于所述槽型孔中的螺栓连接所述框架的建筑主体连接端。
5. 如权利要求 3所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述第二安装模块包括压迫组件、 紧固组件以及被紧固组件，
所述被紧固组件位置可调节地固定于所述框架上，所述压迫组件位置可调节地固定于所 述墙余上；
或者， 所述被紧固组件位置可调节地固定于所述墙砖上， 所述压迫组件位置可调节地固 定于所述框架上；
通过所述压迫组件与被紧固组件的配合压迫所述紧固组件生成预应力进而紧固所述被 紧固组件， 其中：
所述紧固组件包括两个对称夹持于所述被紧固物体两侧的弓形臂， 两弓形臂之间夹设形 成一围合空间， 所述弓形臂包括一第一力臂与一连接所述第一力臂的第二力臂， 所述第一力 臂与所述第二力臂的连接处形成一滑移端，所述第一力臂于远离所述第二力臂的一侧形成一 受压端， 所述第二力臂于远离所述第一力臂的一侧形成一紧固端， 所述第一力臂的受压端接 受所述压迫组件的压迫并配合所述被紧固物体驱使所述第一力臂与第二力臂生成预应力。
6. 如权利要求 5 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述压迫组件包括一墙砖连接板 和一压力块； 所述墙砖连接板紧固于所述墙砖且置于所述第一力臂的第一侧， 所述弓形臂的 两滑移端抵靠于所述墙砖连接板； 所述压力块设置于所述第一力臂的第二侧， 所述弓形臂的 两受压端抵靠于所述压力块；
所述被紧固组件包括一底板和一形成于所述底板的翼板，所述底板紧固于所述框架的墙 砖连接端； 所述弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠于所述翼板两侧面；
紧固所述墙砖连接板与所述压力块，所述压力块压迫所述弓形臂的两受压端向所述墙砖 连接板方向位移， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述墙砖连接板的表面发生相互远离的位移， 所 述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述翼板的限位，从而驱使所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应 力紧固所述翼板。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于：
所述被紧固组件的底板上形成槽型孔，并通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓固定于所述框 架的墙砖连接端， 且所述被紧固组件通过所述槽型孔沿一第一方向进行位置调整；
所述弓形臂的两紧固端通过所述围合空间在所述翼板两侧面进行一第二方向和一第三 方向的位置调整。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述墙砖上嵌设固定有一安装件， 所述安装件对应所述墙砖连接板的一侧形成有卡槽， 所述墙砖连接板开设有复数个槽型孔， 通过螺栓穿设所述卡槽与所述槽型孔将所述墙砖连接板固定于所述安装件。
9. 如权利要求 5 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述压迫组件包括一压力块与所 述墙砖连接端，所述压力块的中部两侧向内凹陷形成与所述紧固组件两弓形臂内侧配合的压 力部； 所述压迫组件的压力部夹设于所述两弓形臂之间， 所述弓形臂的两受压端抵靠于所述 压力部， 且所述弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述框架的墙砖连接端的表面， 所述压迫组件的两 端固定于所述框架的墙砖连接端；
所述被紧固组件包括一底板和一形成于所述底板的翼板， 所述底板固定于所述墙砖上； 所述弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠于所述翼板两侧面；
紧固所述压力块与所述墙砖连接端，所述压力部压迫所述弓形臂的两受压端向所述框架 方向位移， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述框架的墙砖连接端表面发生相互远离的位移， 所述 弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述翼板的限位，从而驱使所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力 紧固所述翼板。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述压力块的两端分别开设有一 槽型孔并通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓紧固于所述框架的墙砖连接端，且所述压力块通过 所述槽型孔沿一第一方向进行位置调整；
所述翼板在所述弓形臂的两紧固端之间通过所述围合空间进行一第二方向与一第三方 向的位置调整。
11. 如权利要求 10 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述墙砖上嵌设固定有一安装 件， 所述安装件对应所述被紧固组件的底板的一侧形成有卡槽， 所述底板开设有复数个槽型 孔， 通过螺栓穿设所述卡槽与所述槽型孔将所述底板固定于所述安装件。
12. 如权利要求 5所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述压迫组件包括一箱体和一压 力块， 所述箱体包括一第一侧板、 一第二侧板和分别连接于所述第一侧板和第二侧板端部的 顶板和底板， 所述箱体内部中空形成有一滑移空间； 第一侧板的两侧分别向外延伸形成两连 接部，所述箱体通过所述连接部紧固于所述墙砖上；所述箱体设置于所述第一力臂的第一侧， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述箱体的表面； 所述箱体第一侧板开设有一第一通孔， 所述 箱体第二侧板开设有一第二通孔； 一第一锲形块， 通过所述第一通孔穿设于所述第一侧板， 所述第一锲形块的第一侧形成一第一斜面，且所述第一锲形块第二侧侧面形成有一与所述第 一斜面贯通的螺孔； 以及一第二锲形块， 滑设于所述滑移空间内， 所述第二锲形块的第一侧 侧面配合所述第一斜面形成有一第二斜面，所述第二斜面形成有一贯穿所述第二锲形块的长 槽， 所述第二锲形块的顶面结合有一推进螺栓； 所述箱体顶面开设有一第三通孔， 所述推进 螺栓通过所述第三通孔伸出所述箱体外；
所述压力块的第一侧面结合有一紧固螺栓， 所述紧固螺栓贯穿所述第二通孔与所述长 槽， 并配合所述第一锲形块的螺孔将所述压力块紧固于所述第一锲形块， 推进螺栓驱动所述 第二锲形块推抵所述第一锲形块位移，进而带动所述压力块压迫所述弓形臂的两受压端向所 述箱体方向位移， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述箱体第二侧板外表面发生相互远离的位移； 所述被紧固组件包括一背板和一形成于所述背板的翼板，所述背板紧固于所述框架的墙 砖连接端；
所述弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠于所述翼板两侧面，且所述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述翼板 的限位， 从而驱使所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述翼板。
13. 如权利要求 12 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔 为槽型孔， 所述紧固螺栓通过所述槽型孔沿一第一方向进行位置调整； 所述翼板通过所述围 合空间进行所述第一方向与一第三方向的位置调整。
14. 如权利要求 13 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述背板在所述翼板左右两侧 分别形成一槽型孔， 并通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓固定于所述框架的墙砖连接端上。
15. 如权利要求 14 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述墙砖上嵌设固定有一安装 件， 所述安装件对应所述箱体的连接部的一侧形成有卡槽， 所述箱体的连接部开设有复数个 槽型孔， 通过螺栓穿设所述卡槽与所述槽型孔将所述箱体的连接部固定于所述安装件。
16. 如权利要求 5所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述压迫组件包括一箱体、 一底 板和一压力块， 所述箱体包括一第一侧板、 一第二侧板和连接于所述第一侧板和第二侧板顶 部的顶板， 所述箱体内部中空形成有一滑移空间； 所述箱体的底部连接于所述底板上并通过 所述底板固定于所述框架的墙砖连接端； 所述箱体设置于所述第一力臂的第一侧， 所述弓形 臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述箱体的表面； 所述箱体第一侧板开设有一第一通孔， 所述箱体第二 侧板开设有一第二通孔； 一第一锲形块， 通过所述第一通孔穿设于所述第一侧板， 所述第一 锲形块的第一侧形成一第一斜面，且所述第一锲形块第二侧侧面形成有一与所述第一斜面贯 通的螺孔； 以及一第二锲形块， 滑设于所述滑移空间内， 所述第二锲形块的第一侧侧面配合 所述第一斜面形成有一第二斜面， 所述第二斜面形成有一贯穿所述第二锲形块的长槽， 所述 第二锲形块的顶面结合有一推进螺栓； 所述箱体顶面开设有一第三通孔， 所述推进螺栓通过 所述第三通孔伸出所述箱体外；
所述压力块的第一侧面结合有一紧固螺栓， 所述紧固螺栓贯穿所述第二通孔与所述长 槽， 并配合所述第一锲形块的螺孔将所述压力块紧固于所述第一锲形块， 推进螺栓驱动所述 第二锲形块推抵所述第一锲形块位移，进而带动所述压力块压迫所述弓形臂的两受压端向所 述箱体方向位移， 所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述箱体第二侧板外表面发生相互远离的位移； 所述被紧固组件包括一背板和形成于所述背板上的翼板， 所述背板紧固于所述墙砖上； 所述弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠于所述翼板两侧面，且所述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述翼板 的限位， 从而驱使所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述翼板。
17. 如权利要求 16 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔 为槽型孔， 所述紧固螺栓通过所述槽型孔沿一第一方向进行位置调整； 所述翼板通过所述围 合空间进行一第二方向与一第三方向的位置调整。
18. 如权利要求 17 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述箱体两侧的底板上分别开 设有一槽型孔， 所述底板通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓固定于所述框架的墙砖连接端上。
19. 如权利要求 18 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述墙砖上嵌设固定有一安装 件， 所述安装件对应所述被紧固组件的背板的一侧形成有卡槽， 所述背板开设有复数个槽型 孔， 通过螺栓穿设所述卡槽与所述槽型孔将所述背板固定于所述安装件。
20. 如权利要求 19 所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述背板侧部形成一高度调节 板；一高度调节螺栓螺接于所述高度调节板端部开设的一螺孔内且所述高度调节螺栓的底部 抵触所述底板上表面。
21. 如权利要求 4所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述压迫组件包括一第一墙砖连 接件、 两压力块和一压板； 所述第一墙砖连接件包括一第一背板和一顶板并通过所述第一背 板紧固于一下部墙砖， 所述顶板置于一第一所述紧固组件的第一力臂的第一侧， 所述第一紧 固组件的弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述顶板下表面；一第一所述压力块设置于所述第一力臂 的第二侧， 所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两受压端抵靠于所述第一压力块； 所述压板置于一 第二所述紧固组件的第一力臂的第一侧，所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述 压板； 一第二所述压力块设置于所述第二紧固组件的第一力臂的第二侧， 所述第二紧固组件 的弓形臂的两受压端氏靠于所述第二压力块；
所述被紧固组件包括一第一翼板和一第二墙砖连接件；所述第二墙砖连接件包括一第二 背板和一形成于所述背板的第二翼板，所述第二墙砖连接件通过所述第二背板固定于一上部 墙砖上； 所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠所述第一翼板两侧面， 所述第二紧固组 件的弓形臂的两紧固端抵靠所述第二翼板两侧面；
所述第一翼板和所述压板形成于一箱梁体，并通过所述箱梁体紧固于所述框架的墙砖连 接端；
紧固所述顶板与所述第一压力块，所述第一压力块压迫所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两 受压端向所述顶板方向位移，所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两滑移端于所述顶板的下表面发 生相互远离的位移， 所述第一紧固组件弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述第一翼板的限位，从而驱 使所述第一紧固组件的第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述第一翼板；
紧固所述压板与所述第二压力块，所述第二压力块压迫所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两 受压端向所述压板方向位移，所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两滑移端于所述压板的表面发生 相互远离的位移， 所述第二紧固组件弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述第二翼板的限位， 从而驱使 所述第二紧固组件的第一力臂与所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述第二翼板。
22. 如权利要求 21所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于：
所述顶板的第一端形成槽型孔，并通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓与所述第一压力块紧 固， 且所述第一压力块和所述第一紧固组件通过所述槽型孔沿一第一方向进行位置调整； 所述第一紧固组件的弓形臂的两紧固端通过所述围合空间在所述第一翼板两侧面进行 一第二方向和一第三方向的位置调整； 所述压板形成槽型孔， 并通过穿设于所述槽型孔内的螺栓与所述第二压力块紧固， 且所 述第二压力块和所述第二紧固组件通过所述压板的槽型孔沿所述第一方向进行位置调整； 所述第二翼板通过所述围合空间在所述第二紧固组件的弓形臂的两紧固端间进行一第 二方向和一第三方向的位置调整。
23. 如权利要求 22所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于：
所述墙砖上结合有一安装块， 所述第一背板与所述第二背板上开设有槽型孔， 所述第一 墙砖连接件和所述第二墙砖连接件分别通过穿设于所述槽型孔中的螺栓固定于所述下部墙 砖和上部墙砖的安装块；
所述安装块侧部形成有限位槽，所述顶板与所述第二背板分别配合所述限位槽弯折形成 有限位板， 且所述限位板分别卡合于所述限位槽中。
24. 如权利要求 5~23 中任一项所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述弓形臂的受压 端之间通过一弧形变形区连接。
25. 如权利要求 5~23 中任一项所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述弓形臂的滑移 端成圆弧面或斜面。
26. 如权利要求 5~23 中任一项所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述第二力臂的厚 度自所述滑移端至所述紧固端形成一由厚至薄的渐变。
27. 如权利要求 5~23 中任一项所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述弓形臂的紧固 端设有一压片， 且所述压片与所述第二力臂的连接区域向内凹陷形成一压片位置调节区。
28. 如权利要求 5~23 中任一项所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述弓形臂的受压 端延伸形成有一旋转定位棱， 所述压迫组件对应所述旋转定位棱形成有旋转定位槽。
29. 如权利要求 2、 8、 11、 19 中任一项所述的墙砖安装结构， 其特征在于： 所述安装 件对应所述墙砖的一侧形成有燕尾状卡接端，所述墙砖上开设有配合所述燕尾状卡接端的燕 尾槽 , 通过所述燕尾状卡接端与燕尾槽相互卡合将所述安装件嵌设固定于所述墙砖。
30. 一种应用权利要求 1~23中任一项所述的墙砖安装结构的对墙砖进行安装的方法。
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