WO2015008463A1 - 車両用空調装置およびその構成ユニット - Google Patents
車両用空調装置およびその構成ユニット Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015008463A1 WO2015008463A1 PCT/JP2014/003666 JP2014003666W WO2015008463A1 WO 2015008463 A1 WO2015008463 A1 WO 2015008463A1 JP 2014003666 W JP2014003666 W JP 2014003666W WO 2015008463 A1 WO2015008463 A1 WO 2015008463A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- heat exchanger
- water
- air conditioner
- sent
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
- B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
- B60H1/3213—Control means therefor for increasing the efficiency in a vehicle heat pump
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
- B60H1/32284—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising two or more secondary circuits, e.g. at evaporator and condenser side
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner and a component unit of the vehicle air conditioner.
- a heating device for a vehicle a hot water heater that heats the interior of a vehicle by using heat of engine cooling water that has become high is often used.
- a heat pump type cooling device that cools the air sent into the passenger compartment with a low-temperature refrigerant of the heat pump is generally employed.
- Patent Document 1 can improve the heating performance over the existing one by adding a configuration that heats the cooling water of the hot water heater using a heat pump while using an existing hot water heater as a basis.
- An air conditioner for a vehicle is disclosed.
- the vehicle air conditioner of Patent Document 1 has a configuration in which the configuration of the heat pump is used only for heating, and the operation during cooling has not been studied. That is, when a cooling function is added to the heating device of Patent Document 1, it has not been studied how to use the heat pump for both heating and cooling, and how to switch between them.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the heating performance at low cost while being based on the configuration of a hot water heater as used in a conventional vehicle and a heat pump type cooling device as used in a conventional vehicle. It is possible to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can reduce the increase in installation space from the conventional configuration.
- a vehicle air conditioner includes a first water refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and a heat-transporting coolant to vaporize the refrigerant, and a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.
- a second water refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the coolant to condense the refrigerant, and a refrigerant sent from the second water refrigerant heat exchanger cools the air blown into the vehicle interior using the refrigerant.
- a first switching means capable of switching between a state being sent to the evaporator side and a state not being sent to the evaporator side, and a refrigerant sent from the second water refrigerant heat exchanger is the first water refrigerant heat exchange Second switching means capable of switching between a state of being expanded and sent to the vessel and a state of being not sent to the first water refrigerant heat exchanger, wherein the first water refrigerant heat exchanger
- the cooling liquid is introduced from a heater core that heats air to the heat generating part of the vehicle
- the cooling liquid is sent out to the cooling passage and the refrigerant is sent out to the compressor, and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger introduces the cooling liquid from the cooling passage of the heat generating component to the heater core.
- the cooling liquid is sent out, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the compressor.
- a structural unit of a vehicle air conditioner includes a first water refrigerant heat exchanger that causes heat exchange between a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and a heat-transporting coolant and vaporizes the refrigerant, and a high-temperature and high-pressure unit.
- a second water refrigerant heat exchanger that causes heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant to condense the refrigerant, and a refrigerant that is sent from the second water refrigerant heat exchanger uses the refrigerant to enter the vehicle interior.
- the first switching means that can be switched between a state where the air is sent to the evaporator for cooling the air and a state where the air is not sent to the evaporator, and the refrigerant sent from the second water refrigerant heat exchanger are the first water
- a configuration is adopted in which the second switching means that can be switched between a state in which the refrigerant is expanded and sent to the refrigerant heat exchanger and a state in which the refrigerant is not sent to the first water refrigerant heat exchanger are integrated.
- a hot water heater as used in a conventional vehicle and a heat pump cooling device as used in a conventional vehicle are basically used, and the cooling and heating are performed. Heating performance can be improved using a common compressor and refrigerant.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a vehicle air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a vehicle air conditioner 1 is a device that is mounted on a vehicle having an engine (internal combustion engine) as a heat generating component and performs air conditioning in the passenger compartment.
- engine internal combustion engine
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the embodiment includes a component unit 10, a compressor (compressor) 38, an engine cooling unit 40, a heater core 44, an evaporator 48, an expansion valve 37, an outdoor capacitor 39, a check valve 15, and these A cooling fluid pipe and a refrigerant pipe are provided to connect them.
- the heater core 44 and the evaporator 48 are disposed in an intake passage of an HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) 70.
- the HVAC 70 is provided with a fan F1 through which intake air flows.
- the compressor 38 is driven by engine power or electricity to compress the sucked refrigerant into a high temperature and high pressure and discharge it.
- the compressed refrigerant is sent to the constituent unit 10.
- the low-pressure refrigerant is sucked from the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 or the evaporator 48 of the constituent unit 10 into the compressor 38 via the junction pipe.
- the engine cooling unit 40 includes a water jacket for flowing a coolant around the engine and a pump for flowing the coolant to the water jacket, and releases heat from the engine to the coolant flowing in the water jacket.
- the pump is rotated by the power of the engine, for example.
- the engine cooling unit 40 may include a radiator that releases heat to the outside air when the amount of exhaust heat of the engine increases.
- the coolant passage of the engine cooling unit 40 communicates with the heater core 44 through the constituent unit 10.
- the cooling liquid is an antifreeze liquid such as LLC (Long Life Coolant), and is a liquid for transporting heat.
- the configuration for transferring the coolant may be only the pump of the engine cooling unit 40. Thereby, reduction of the cost of an apparatus and reduction of the installation space of an apparatus can be aimed at.
- a pump may be added to another portion of the coolant pipe.
- the heater core 44 is a device that exchanges heat between the coolant and air, and is disposed in the intake passage of the HVAC 70 that supplies air into the passenger compartment. Heated coolant is supplied to the heater core 44 and releases heat to intake air (air blown into the vehicle compartment) that is sent into the vehicle compartment during heating operation.
- the heater core 44 can adjust the amount of air passing through the opening of the door 44a.
- the door 44a can be opened and closed by electrical control.
- the door 44a is also called a mix door.
- the evaporator 48 is a device that exchanges heat between the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and the air, and is disposed in the intake passage of the HVAC 70.
- the evaporator 48 is supplied with low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant during the cooling operation or the dehumidifying operation, and cools the intake air (air blown into the vehicle interior) supplied to the vehicle interior.
- the expansion valve 37 expands the high-pressure refrigerant to a low temperature and low pressure and discharges it to the evaporator 48.
- the expansion valve 37 is disposed in the vicinity of the evaporator 48.
- the expansion valve 37 may have a function of automatically adjusting the amount of refrigerant discharged according to the temperature of the refrigerant sent from the evaporator 48.
- the outdoor condenser 39 has a passage through which the refrigerant flows and a passage through which the air flows.
- the outdoor condenser 39 is disposed near the top of the vehicle in the engine room and exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the outside air.
- a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is passed through the outdoor condenser 39 in the cooling mode and the dehumidifying mode, and heat is discharged from the refrigerant to the outside air. Outside air is blown onto the outdoor condenser 39 by, for example, a fan.
- a reservoir tank 39 a may be provided on the refrigerant delivery side of the outdoor condenser 39.
- the configuration unit 10 is an integrated configuration that is produced in a factory as a single unit, and is connected to another configuration of the vehicle air conditioner 1 by piping in the vehicle assembly process.
- the constituent unit 10 may be integrated by accommodating each constituent element in one housing, or may be integrated by joining the constituent elements.
- the component unit 10 includes a first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11, a second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, an on-off valve (corresponding to the first switching means) 13, an expansion valve with electromagnetic valve (second switching means, 14 corresponding to an expansion valve with an opening / closing function).
- the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 (evaporator) has a passage through which a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flows and a passage through which a cooling liquid flows, and performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling liquid.
- the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is discharged from the expansion valve 14 with a solenoid valve at a low temperature and a low pressure to transfer heat from the coolant to the low temperature and low pressure refrigerant.
- coolant heat exchanger 11 vaporizes a low-temperature / low pressure refrigerant
- the coolant inlet of the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is connected to the heater core 44 via a pipe, and the coolant outlet is connected to the engine cooling unit 40 via the pipe.
- the refrigerant inlet of the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is connected to the expansion valve 14 with a solenoid valve via a pipe, and the refrigerant outlet is connected to a pipe that joins the inlet of the compressor 38.
- the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 (condenser) has a passage through which a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows and a passage through which a cooling liquid flows, and performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling liquid.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is sent from the compressor 38 to the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 to release heat from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the coolant.
- the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 condenses the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.
- the coolant introduction port of the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the engine cooling unit 40 via a pipe, and the coolant outlet is communicated with the heater core 44 via the pipe.
- the refrigerant inlet of the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the outlet of the compressor 38 via a pipe, and the refrigerant outlet is connected to the on-off valve 13 and the expansion valve 14 with a solenoid valve via a branch pipe. It is communicated to.
- the on-off valve 13 is a valve that switches between opening and closing of the refrigerant pipe, for example, by electrical control.
- the on-off valve 13 is, for example, an electromagnetic valve.
- the expansion valve 14 with a solenoid valve is a valve that functions as an expansion valve when the refrigerant pipe is opened and closed, for example, by electrical control.
- the expansion valve 14 with a solenoid valve when functioning as an expansion valve, automatically adjusts the refrigerant flow rate based on the refrigerant temperature at the refrigerant outlet of the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 (TXV). valve).
- the check valve 15 is provided between the compressor 38 and the evaporator 48, and is a valve that prevents the refrigerant from flowing back in the operation mode in which the refrigerant does not flow through the outdoor condenser 39 and the evaporator 48.
- an operation mode in which the on-off valve 13 is closed and the refrigerant flows through the refrigerant circuit passing through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 will be considered.
- the on-off valve 13 since the on-off valve 13 is closed, the refrigerant circuit passing through the outdoor condenser 39 and the evaporator 48 is shut off.
- the refrigerant pressure in the outdoor condenser 39 and the evaporator 48 may be low.
- the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuits of the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 flows back to the refrigerant circuit on the evaporator 48 side.
- the refrigerant amount of the refrigerant circuit passing through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 deviates from the optimum range, and the efficiency of this heat pump cycle is lowered.
- the presence of the check valve 15 can avoid such inconvenience.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 operates by being switched to several operation modes such as a hot water heating mode, a heat pump heating mode, a temperature control mode, and a cooling mode.
- the hot water heating mode is a mode in which the passenger compartment is heated without operating the heat pump.
- the heat pump heating mode is a mode in which the vehicle interior is heated by operating the heat pump.
- the cooling mode is a mode in which the passenger compartment is cooled by the action of the heat pump.
- a temperature control mode in which air temperature and humidity are adjusted by appropriately combining air cooling and dehumidification with a low-temperature refrigerant and air heating with a high-temperature coolant can be selected.
- the heat pump heating mode and the cooling mode will be described as representative examples.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation in the heat pump heating mode.
- the on-off valve 13 is closed and the solenoid valve-equipped expansion valve 14 is switched to open (temperature-type expansion valve operation). Further, the door 44a of the heater core 44 is opened (for example, fully opened).
- the compressor 38 when the compressor 38 is operated, the refrigerant circulates through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the expansion valve with electromagnetic valve 14, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11, and the compressor 38 in this order. Flowing.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 38 dissipates heat to the coolant in the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and condenses.
- the condensed refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve 14 with an electromagnetic valve to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and is sent to the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is vaporized by absorbing heat from the coolant in the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
- the vaporized low-pressure refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 38 and compressed.
- the coolant circulates through the engine cooling unit 40, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the heater core 44, and the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 in this order.
- the coolant that has absorbed heat from the engine by the engine cooling unit 40 is further heated by the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and sent to the heater core 44.
- the coolant that has reached a high temperature can sufficiently heat the intake air that is sent into the passenger compartment by the heater core 44.
- the coolant that has passed through the heater core 44 has a temperature higher than that of the outside air, and the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 can dissipate heat to the refrigerant to vaporize the refrigerant.
- the coolant cooled in the first water / refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is sent to the engine cooling unit 40 to sufficiently cool the engine.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation in the cooling mode.
- the on-off valve 13 is switched to open and the expansion valve 14 with solenoid valve is switched to close. Further, the door 44a of the heater core 44 is fully closed.
- the compressor 38 when the compressor 38 operates, the refrigerant circulates through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the outdoor condenser 39, the expansion valve 37, the evaporator 48, and the compressor 38 in this order.
- the temperature becomes relatively high.
- the heat dissipation of the cooling liquid is mainly performed by the radiator of the engine cooling unit 40. Since the engine becomes very hot, even if the outside air temperature is high, appropriate cooling can be performed by heat radiation by the radiator.
- a large amount of the cooling liquid may be supplied to the radiator side to reduce the flow on the heater core 44 side.
- the heat dissipation amount of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is not large in the second water-refrigerant heat exchanger 12, but the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant continues to the outdoor condenser. It is sent to 39 and it condenses by performing heat dissipation to air.
- the condensed refrigerant is sent to the evaporator 48 side, and is first expanded by the expansion valve 37 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and the evaporator 48 cools the air blown into the vehicle interior. This heat exchange vaporizes the refrigerant. The vaporized low-pressure refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 38 and compressed.
- the coolant flowing through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the heater core 44, and the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 becomes high temperature, but is adjusted to the vehicle interior by adjusting the opening degree of the door 44 a of the heater core 44. The amount of heat released to the intake air is adjusted small.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 performs cooling using the configuration of the hot water heater that uses the engine coolant to the heater core 44 for heating and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant of the heat pump.
- the configuration of the heat pump cooling device as a basic configuration.
- the structural unit 10 is added to this basic structure, and it has the structure which can heat the vehicle interior using a heat pump. With such a configuration, even when the engine is at a low temperature, it is possible to quickly heat the vehicle interior with less energy by the action of the heat pump.
- Heating performance can be improved by using a common compressor and refrigerant during heating.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a modification of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- 1A of vehicle air conditioners of a modification has the liquid tank 17 arrange
- the liquid tank 17 may be provided at any position between the refrigerant outlet of the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and the expansion valve of the expansion valve with electromagnetic valve 14b.
- the liquid tank 17 may be configured integrally with the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12.
- the optimum amount of refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant cycle is different between the cooling operation and the heating operation, but the difference in the refrigerant amount can be absorbed by the liquid tank 17.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1A is configured to expand the refrigerant through the refrigerant passage (for example, the orifice) throttled by a certain amount as the expansion valve of the expansion valve 14b with an electromagnetic valve (orifice) Called a solenoid valve).
- the vehicle air conditioner 1A is disposed in the refrigerant passage between the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the compressor 38 so as to correspond to the configuration in which the refrigerant is expanded by the refrigerant passage constricted by a certain amount.
- the accumulator 16 is provided. In the configuration in which the refrigerant is expanded through the fixed throttle passage, the refrigerant that has passed through the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 may not be sufficiently vaporized. Therefore, the accumulator 16 separates the gas-phase refrigerant to compress the refrigerant 38. To send to.
- the vehicle interior can be cooled and heated in the same cycle as described above.
- a configuration in which only the first change point is applied or a configuration in which only the second change point is applied may be adopted.
- the expansion valve 14 that expands the refrigerant in front of the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the expansion valve 37 that expands the refrigerant in front of the evaporator 48 are provided.
- the expansion valve can be tuned differently in a plurality of operation modes so as to suit a plurality of operation modes.
- heat and air are exchanged between the air and the refrigerant in the cooling mode, and heat is exchanged between the coolant and the refrigerant in the heat pump heating mode, but tuning can be performed according to a plurality of operation modes. It becomes possible to demonstrate specialized operation performance.
- the operation mode can be switched smoothly.
- the refrigerant passage from the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 to the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the refrigerant passage from the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 via the outdoor condenser 39 to the evaporator 48 are common.
- the operation mode is switched, there is a problem that the refrigerant is stored in the outdoor condenser 39 and is difficult to recover, and the amount of refrigerant becomes unstable.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment such a problem hardly occurs.
- the configuration using the expansion valves 14 and 14b with electromagnetic valves as the second switching means has been described as an example.
- the second switching means a configuration in which an electromagnetic on-off valve and an expansion valve are separately provided and connected by piping may be employed.
- the configuration in which the opening / closing valve 13 is provided in the constituent unit 10 has been described as an example.
- the opening / closing valve 13 may be provided outside the constituent unit 10.
- the configuration in which the on-off valve 13 and the expansion valve 14 with a solenoid valve are employed as the first switching unit and the second switching unit has been described as an example.
- the solenoid valve functions of the on-off valve 13 and the expansion valve with solenoid valve 14 branch from the refrigerant outlet of the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 to the outdoor condenser 39 side and the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 side. It is also possible to realize with a three-way valve arranged at the branch portion of the refrigerant pipe.
- the engine has been described as an example of the heating part of the vehicle.
- various heating components such as an electric motor for traveling in an electric vehicle and a secondary battery that supplies electric power for traveling may be adopted as the heating component of the vehicle.
- the present invention can be used for a vehicle air conditioner mounted on various vehicles such as an engine vehicle, an electric vehicle, or a HEV vehicle.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図2は、ヒートポンプ式暖房モードの動作を説明する図である。
図3は、冷房モードの動作を説明する図である。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態の車両用空調装置の変形例を示す構成図である。
10 構成ユニット
11 第1水冷媒熱交換器
12 第2水冷媒熱交換器
13 開閉弁(第1切換手段)
14,14b 電磁弁付き膨張弁(第2切換手段、開閉機能付き膨張弁)
15 逆止弁
16 アキュムレータ
17 リキッドタンク
37 膨張弁
38 コンプレッサ
39 室外コンデンサ
40 エンジン冷却部
44 ヒーターコア
44a ドア
48 エバポレータ
70 HVAC
Claims (11)
- 低温低圧の冷媒と熱輸送用の冷却液との間で熱交換させて冷媒を気化させる第1水冷媒熱交換器と、
高温高圧の冷媒と前記冷却液との間で熱交換させて冷媒を凝縮させる第2水冷媒熱交換器と、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器から送出された冷媒が、冷媒を用いて車室内への送風を冷却するエバポレータ側へ送られる状態と、前記エバポレータ側へ送られない状態とに切り換え可能な第1切換手段と、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器から送出された冷媒が、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器へ膨張して送られる状態と、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器へ送られない状態とに切り換え可能な第2切換手段と、
を具備し、
前記第1水冷媒熱交換器は、車室内への送風を加熱するヒーターコアから前記冷却液を導入し、車両の発熱部品の冷却用通路へ前記冷却液を送出し、且つ、コンプレッサへ冷媒を送出し、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器は、前記発熱部品の冷却用通路から前記冷却液を導入し、前記ヒーターコアへ前記冷却液を送出し、且つ、前記コンプレッサから前記高温高圧の冷媒を導入する、
車両用空調装置。 - 高温高圧の冷媒から外気へ放熱させ冷媒を凝縮させるコンデンサをさらに具備し、
前記第1切換手段および前記第2切換手段は、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器、前記コンデンサ、前記エバポレータ、および、前記コンプレッサを含む循環経路に冷媒が流れ、且つ、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器へ冷媒が流れない冷房モードの状態と、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器、および、前記コンプレッサを含む循環経路に冷媒が流れるヒートポンプ式暖房モードの状態と、
に少なくとも切り換え可能である、
請求項1記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記第1切換手段は、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器から前記エバポレータ側へ冷媒を送る通路に配置された開閉弁であり、
前記第2切換手段は、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器から前記第1水冷媒熱交換器へ冷媒を送る通路に配置された開閉機能付きの膨張弁である、
請求項1または請求項2に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記エバポレータから前記コンプレッサへ冷媒を流す流路に配置された逆止弁をさらに具備する、
請求項1~請求項3の何れか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記発熱部品は、内燃機関である、
請求項1~請求項4の何れか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記第1水冷媒熱交換器、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器、前記第1切換手段、および、前記第2切換手段が一体化されてユニットを構成し、
前記ユニットの外に前記コンプレッサが設けられている、
請求項1~請求項5の何れか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記開閉機能付きの膨張弁は、
電磁開閉弁と、温度制御により冷媒流量を変化させる温度式膨張弁とを有する、
請求項3記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記開閉機能付きの膨張弁は、
電磁開閉弁と、一定量絞られた冷媒通路とを有する構成であり、
前記車両用空調装置は、
前記コンプレッサの冷媒導入側通路に配置されたアキュムレータをさらに具備する、
請求項3記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記第2水冷媒熱交換器により凝縮された冷媒を貯留できるリキッドタンクをさらに具備する、
請求項1~請求項8の何れか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記リキッドタンクは、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器と一体的に形成されている、
請求項9記載の車両用空調装置。 - 低温低圧の冷媒と熱輸送用の冷却液との間で熱交換させて冷媒を気化させる第1水冷媒熱交換器と、
高温高圧の冷媒と前記冷却液との間で熱交換させて冷媒を凝縮させる第2水冷媒熱交換器と、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器から送出された冷媒が、冷媒を用いて車室内への送風を冷却するエバポレータ側へ送られる状態と、前記エバポレータ側へ送られない状態とに切り換え可能な第1切換手段と、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器から送出された冷媒が、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器へ膨張して送られる状態と、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器へ送られない状態とに切り換え可能な第2切換手段と、
が一体化されている、
車両用空調装置の構成ユニット。
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JP2015527171A JPWO2015008463A1 (ja) | 2013-07-17 | 2014-07-10 | 車両用空調装置およびその構成ユニット |
EP14826814.7A EP3023275A4 (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2014-07-10 | Vehicle air conditioner and constituent unit thereof |
US14/898,724 US20160137031A1 (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2014-07-10 | Vehicle air conditioner and constituent unit thereof |
CN201480039927.4A CN105517823A (zh) | 2013-07-17 | 2014-07-10 | 车辆用空调装置及其结构单元 |
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JP6269307B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-13 | 2018-01-31 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用空調装置 |
JP6605928B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-27 | 2019-11-13 | マレリ株式会社 | 車両用空調装置 |
JP6398764B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-06 | 2018-10-03 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用熱管理システム |
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- 2014-07-10 CN CN201480039927.4A patent/CN105517823A/zh active Pending
- 2014-07-10 JP JP2015527171A patent/JPWO2015008463A1/ja active Pending
- 2014-07-10 EP EP14826814.7A patent/EP3023275A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-07-10 US US14/898,724 patent/US20160137031A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-07-10 WO PCT/JP2014/003666 patent/WO2015008463A1/ja active Application Filing
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EP3023275A1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
JPWO2015008463A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
US20160137031A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
EP3023275A4 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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