WO2014178227A1 - 回転電機および回転電機の回転子 - Google Patents
回転電機および回転電機の回転子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014178227A1 WO2014178227A1 PCT/JP2014/055902 JP2014055902W WO2014178227A1 WO 2014178227 A1 WO2014178227 A1 WO 2014178227A1 JP 2014055902 W JP2014055902 W JP 2014055902W WO 2014178227 A1 WO2014178227 A1 WO 2014178227A1
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- rotor
- electrical machine
- rotating electrical
- permanent magnet
- magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/12—Speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/421—Speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/423—Torque
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/429—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
- B60L2240/441—Speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
- B60L2240/443—Torque
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/529—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
- B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
- B60L2270/145—Structure borne vibrations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotor of a rotating electric machine.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine capable of achieving both high output and high mechanical rotation. The structure of is described.
- Patent Document 1 Although the structure of the rotating electrical machine described in Patent Document 1 achieves both high output and high mechanical rotation, it is necessary to improve the mechanical strength against the centrifugal force of the rotor for higher speed rotation. is there.
- the rotor of the rotating electrical machine has a stator, a magnet insertion hole formed in the rotor core, and a permanent magnet inserted in the magnet insertion hole.
- a relief portion having a facing surface and a bending portion is provided at a portion of a magnet insertion hole located at a corner portion of the permanent magnet, and two facing portions that are continuous with the bending portion.
- the angle between the surfaces is an obtuse angle.
- a rotor of a rotating electrical machine that relieves stress concentration generated in a relief portion of a magnet insertion hole of a rotor core and thereby improves mechanical strength against centrifugal force of the rotor. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hybrid electric vehicle equipped with a rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of power converter device 600 in an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine of embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3 showing cross sections of the stator 230 and the rotor 250 of the embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the reluctance torque in the rotor of a rotary electric machine. It is an expanded sectional view for 1 magnetic pole of the stator 230 and the rotor 250 in Example 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG.
- the stress generated in the escape portion of the magnet insertion hole of the rotor core can be reduced and the rotation speed can be increased. Therefore, for example, it is suitable as a driving motor for an electric vehicle.
- the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention can be applied to a pure electric vehicle that runs only by the rotating electrical machine and a hybrid type electric vehicle that is driven by both the engine and the rotating electrical machine.
- a hybrid type electric vehicle is taken as an example. explain.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a hybrid electric vehicle equipped with a rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the vehicle 100 is mounted with an engine 120, a first rotating electrical machine 200, a second rotating electrical machine 202, and a battery 180.
- the battery 180 supplies DC power to the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202, and receives DC power from the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202 during regenerative travel. Transfer of direct-current power between the battery 180 and the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202 is performed via the power converter 600.
- the vehicle is equipped with a battery that supplies low-voltage power (for example, 14 volt system power) and supplies DC power to a control circuit described below.
- low-voltage power for example, 14 volt system power
- Rotational torque generated by the engine 120 and the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202 is transmitted to the front wheels 110 via the transmission 130 and the differential gear 160.
- the transmission 130 is controlled by a transmission control device 134
- the engine 120 is controlled by an engine control device 124.
- the battery 180 is controlled by the battery control device 184.
- the transmission control device 134, the engine control device 124, the power conversion device 600, the battery control device 184, and the integrated control device 170 are connected by a communication line 174.
- the integrated control device 170 is a higher-level control device than the transmission control device 134, the engine control device 124, the power conversion device 600, and the battery control device 184.
- And information representing each state of the battery control device 184 is received from each of them via the communication line 174.
- the integrated control device 170 calculates a control command for each control device based on the acquired information. The calculated control command is transmitted to each control device via the communication line 174.
- the high voltage battery 180 is composed of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery, and outputs a high voltage DC power of 250 to 600 volts or more.
- the battery control device 184 outputs the charge / discharge status of the battery 180 and the state of each unit cell battery constituting the battery 180 to the integrated control device 170 via the communication line 174.
- the integrated control device 170 determines that the battery 180 needs to be charged based on the information from the battery control device 184, the integrated control device 170 instructs the power conversion device 600 to perform a power generation operation.
- the integrated control device 170 mainly manages the output torque of the engine 120 and the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202, and calculates the integrated torque and torque distribution ratio between the output torque of the engine 120 and the output torque of the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202. And a control command based on the calculation processing result is transmitted to the transmission control device 134, the engine control device 124, and the power conversion device 600.
- the power conversion device 600 controls the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202 so that torque output or generated power is generated according to the command.
- the power converter 600 is provided with a power semiconductor that constitutes an inverter for operating the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202.
- the power conversion device 600 controls the switching operation of the power semiconductor based on a command from the integrated control device 170. By the switching operation of the power semiconductor, the rotary electric machines 200 and 202 are operated as an electric motor or a generator.
- DC power from the high voltage battery 180 is supplied to the DC terminal of the inverter of the power converter 600.
- the power conversion device 600 converts the DC power supplied by controlling the switching operation of the power semiconductor into three-phase AC power, and supplies it to the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202.
- the rotary electric machines 200 and 202 are operated as a generator, the rotors of the rotary electric machines 200 and 202 are rotationally driven by a rotational torque applied from the outside, and the stator windings of the rotary electric machines 200 and 202 are 3 Phase AC power is generated.
- the generated three-phase AC power is converted into DC power by the power converter 600, and the DC power is supplied to the high-voltage battery 180, whereby the battery 180 is charged.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of the power conversion device 600 of FIG.
- the power conversion device 600 is provided with a first inverter device for the rotating electrical machine 200 and a second inverter device for the rotating electrical machine 202.
- the first inverter device includes a power module 610, a first drive circuit 652 that controls the switching operation of each power semiconductor 21 of the power module 610, and a current sensor 660 that detects the current of the rotating electrical machine 200.
- the drive circuit 652 is provided on the drive circuit board 650.
- the second inverter device includes a power module 620, a second drive circuit 656 that controls the switching operation of each power semiconductor 21 in the power module 620, and a current sensor 662 that detects the current of the rotating electrical machine 202.
- the drive circuit 656 is provided on the drive circuit board 654.
- the control circuit 648 provided on the control circuit board 646, the capacitor module 630, and the transmission / reception circuit 644 mounted on the connector board 642 are used in common by the first inverter device and the second inverter device.
- the power modules 610 and 620 are operated by drive signals output from the corresponding drive circuits 652 and 656, respectively. Each of the power modules 610 and 620 converts DC power supplied from the battery 180 into three-phase AC power and supplies the power to stator windings that are armature windings of the corresponding rotating electric machines 200 and 202. Further, the power modules 610 and 620 convert AC power induced in the stator windings of the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202 into DC and supply it to the high voltage battery 180.
- the power modules 610 and 620 are each provided with a three-phase bridge circuit as shown in FIG. 2, and series circuits corresponding to the three phases are electrically connected in parallel between the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of the battery 180, respectively. ing.
- Each series circuit includes a power semiconductor 21 constituting an upper arm and a power semiconductor 21 constituting a lower arm, and these power semiconductors 21 are connected in series.
- the power module 610 and the power module 620 have substantially the same circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 2, and here, the power module 610 will be described as a representative.
- an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) 21 is used as a switching power semiconductor element.
- the IGBT 21 includes three electrodes, a collector electrode, an emitter electrode, and a gate electrode.
- a diode 38 is electrically connected between the collector electrode and the emitter electrode of the IGBT 21.
- the diode 38 includes two electrodes, a cathode electrode and an anode electrode.
- the cathode electrode is the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 and the anode electrode is the IGBT 21 so that the direction from the emitter electrode to the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 is the forward direction.
- Each is electrically connected to the emitter electrode.
- a MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- the MOSFET includes three electrodes, a drain electrode, a source electrode, and a gate electrode.
- a parasitic diode whose forward direction is from the drain electrode to the source electrode is provided between the source electrode and the drain electrode, so there is no need to provide the diode 38 of FIG.
- the arm of each phase is configured such that the emitter electrode of the IGBT 21 and the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 are electrically connected in series.
- the emitter electrode of the IGBT 21 and the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 are electrically connected in series.
- only one IGBT of each upper and lower arm of each phase is illustrated, but since the current capacity to be controlled is large, a plurality of IGBTs are actually connected in parallel. Has been. Below, in order to simplify description, it demonstrates as one power semiconductor.
- each upper and lower arm of each phase is composed of three IGBTs.
- the collector electrode of the IGBT 21 of each upper arm of each phase is electrically connected to the positive electrode side of the battery 180, and the emitter electrode of the IGBT 21 of each lower arm of each phase is electrically connected to the negative electrode side of the battery 180.
- the middle point of each arm of each phase (the connection portion between the emitter electrode of the upper arm side IGBT and the collector electrode of the IGBT on the lower arm side) is the armature winding (fixed) of the corresponding phase of the corresponding rotating electric machine 200, 202. Is electrically connected to the secondary winding.
- the drive circuits 652 and 656 constitute a drive unit for controlling the corresponding inverter device (power modules 610 and 620), and drive the IGBT 21 based on the control signal output from the control circuit 648. Generate a drive signal.
- the drive signals generated by the drive circuits 652 and 656 are output to the gates of the power semiconductor elements of the corresponding power modules 610 and 620, respectively.
- the driving circuits 652 and 656 are each provided with six integrated circuits that generate driving signals to be supplied to the gates of the upper and lower arms of each phase, and the six integrated circuits are configured as one block.
- the control circuit 648 constitutes a control unit of each inverter device (power modules 610 and 620), and is a micro that calculates a control signal (control value) for operating (turning on / off) a plurality of switching power semiconductor elements. Consists of a computer.
- the control circuit 648 receives a torque command signal (torque command value) from the host controller, sensor outputs of the current sensors 660 and 662, and sensor outputs of rotation sensors (resolver 224 described later) mounted on the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202. Entered.
- the control circuit 648 calculates a control value based on these input signals, and outputs a control signal for controlling the switching timing to the drive circuits 652 and 656.
- the transmission / reception circuit 644 mounted on the connector board 642 is for electrically connecting the power conversion apparatus 600 and an external control apparatus, and communicates information with other apparatuses via the communication line 174 in FIG. Send and receive.
- Capacitor module 630 constitutes a smoothing circuit for suppressing fluctuations in the DC voltage caused by the switching operation of IGBT 21, and is electrically connected to the DC side terminal of first power module 610 or second power module 620. Connected in parallel.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine of FIG.
- the rotating electrical machine 200 and the rotating electrical machine 202 have substantially the same structure, and the structure of the rotating electrical machine 200 will be described below as a representative example. However, the structure shown below does not need to be employed in both the rotating electrical machines 200 and 202, and may be employed in only one of them.
- a stator 230 is held inside the housing 212, and the stator 230 includes a stator core 232 and a stator winding 238. On the inner peripheral side of the stator core 232, a rotor 250 is rotatably held through a gap.
- the rotor 250 includes a rotor core 252 fixed to the shaft 218, a permanent magnet 254, and a non-magnetic contact plate 226.
- the housing 212 has a pair of end brackets 214 provided with bearings 216, and the shaft 218 is rotatably held by these bearings 216.
- the shaft 218 is provided with a resolver 224 that detects the pole position and rotation speed of the rotor 250.
- the output from the resolver 224 is taken into the control circuit 648 shown in FIG.
- the control circuit 648 outputs a control signal to the drive circuit 652 based on the fetched output.
- the drive circuit 652 outputs a drive signal based on the control signal to the power module 610.
- the power module 610 performs a switching operation based on the control signal, and converts DC power supplied from the battery 180 into three-phase AC power. This three-phase AC power is supplied to the stator winding 238 shown in FIG. 3 and a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 230.
- the frequency of the three-phase alternating current is controlled based on the output value of the resolver 224, and the phase of the three-phase alternating current with respect to the rotor 250 is also controlled based on the output value of the resolver 224.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stator 230 and the rotor 250, and shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- the housing 212, the shaft 218, and the stator winding 238 are not shown.
- a large number of slots 237 and teeth 236 are arranged uniformly over the entire circumference.
- all the slots and teeth are not labeled, and only some of the teeth and slots are represented by symbols.
- a slot insulating material (not shown) is provided in the slot 237, and a plurality of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings constituting the stator winding 238 shown in FIG.
- 72 slots 237 are formed at equal intervals.
- a plurality of magnet insertion holes 253 for inserting rectangular magnets are arranged along the circumferential direction.
- Each magnet insertion hole 253 is formed along the axial direction of the rotor core 252, and permanent magnets 254 (254 a, 254 b) are respectively embedded in the magnet insertion holes 253 and fixed with an adhesive or the like.
- the circumferential width of the magnet insertion hole 253 is set larger than the circumferential width of the permanent magnet 254, and the hole space provided on the outer side of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 254 (the end in the circumferential direction) is It functions as a magnetic gap 257.
- the magnetic gap 257 may be embedded with an adhesive, or may be solidified integrally with the permanent magnet 254 with a molding resin.
- the permanent magnet 254 acts as a field pole of the rotor 250, and has a 12-pole configuration in this embodiment.
- the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 254 is in the radial direction, and the direction of the magnetization direction is reversed for each field pole. That is, if the stator side surface of the permanent magnet 254a is N-pole and the shaft side surface is S pole, the stator side surface of the permanent magnet 254b is S pole and the shaft side surface is N pole. These permanent magnets 254a and 254b are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.
- the permanent magnet 254 may be inserted into the magnet insertion hole 253 after being magnetized, or may be magnetized by applying a strong magnetic field after being inserted into the magnet insertion hole 253 of the rotor core 252.
- the magnetized permanent magnet 254 is a strong magnet, if the magnet is magnetized before the permanent magnet 254 is fixed to the rotor 250, a strong attractive force between the rotor core 252 and the permanent magnet 254 is fixed. Occurs and hinders assembly work. Further, due to the strong attractive force of the permanent magnet 254, dust such as iron powder may adhere to the permanent magnet 254. Therefore, when the productivity of the rotating electrical machine is taken into consideration, it is preferable that the permanent magnet 254 is magnetized after being inserted into the rotor core 252.
- the permanent magnet 254 may be a neodymium-based or samarium-based sintered magnet, a ferrite magnet, a neodymium-based bonded magnet, or the like.
- the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 254 is approximately 0.4 to 1.3 T.
- the product of the fundamental wave components becomes a torque ripple that is a harmonic component of the torque. That is, in order to reduce the torque ripple, the harmonic component of the flux linkage may be reduced.
- the harmonic component of the interlinkage magnetic flux since the product of the interlinkage magnetic flux and the angular acceleration that the rotor rotates is the induced voltage, reducing the harmonic component of the interlinkage magnetic flux is substantially equivalent to reducing the harmonic component of the induced voltage.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the reluctance torque.
- the axis through which the magnetic flux passes through the center of the magnet is called the d axis
- the axis through which the magnetic flux flows from one pole to another between the poles is called the q axis.
- the iron core portion at the center between the magnets is called an auxiliary salient pole portion 259. Since the magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet 254 provided on the rotor 250 is substantially the same as that of air, the d-axis portion is magnetically concave and the q-axis portion is magnetically convex when viewed from the stator side. It has become. Therefore, the core part of the q-axis part is called a salient pole.
- the reluctance torque is generated by the difference in the ease of passage of the magnetic flux between the d-axis and the q-axis, that is, the salient pole ratio.
- FIG. 6 and 7 show the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- 6 is an enlarged view of one magnetic pole in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, and
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG.
- the rotor core 252 is formed with a magnetic gap 257 outside the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 254 (the side perpendicular to the magnetization direction), which reduces cogging torque and torque pulsation during energization. It is provided for this purpose.
- the radial thickness of the magnetic gap 257 is smaller than the radial thickness of the permanent magnet 254, and the rotor core on the inner peripheral side of the magnetic gap 257 restricts the movement of the permanent magnet 254 in the circumferential direction. is doing.
- the width W1 of the magnetic pole end bridge portion 258 is set to be the smallest in the radial dimension. ing.
- escape portions 263 shown in FIG. 7 are provided so that the corners of the magnet 254 do not hit the circumferential inner ends of the permanent magnet 254 and the inner peripheral side of the rotor core 252. .
- the shape of the escape portion 263 is symmetrical with respect to the d-axis 300 in FIG. 6 where the magnetic flux passes through the center of the magnet.
- the escape portion 263 includes a facing surface 266 that is formed through a gap so as to face the surface of the permanent magnet 254 inserted into the magnet insertion hole 253 on the axial center side of the rotor core 252.
- the facing surface 266 is formed continuously from the magnet insertion hole 253 by processing the rotor core 252.
- the facing surface 266 of the escape portion 263 has a plurality of, in this embodiment, four inflection portions, and the angle between the two facing surfaces that are continuous with the inflection portions is an obtuse angle.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3, that is, a cross-sectional view taken along a plane surrounded by a circumferential line and a radial line of the rotor core 252.
- the inflection part is represented as four inflection points 264a to 264d in FIG.
- the inflection portion is expressed as an inflection point
- the opposed surface connecting adjacent inflection portions among the opposed surfaces 266 is represented as a straight line.
- the angle formed by the straight lines connecting the four inflection points 264a to 264d is an obtuse angle. That is, an angle 267a formed by a straight line connecting the inflection points 264a and 264b and a straight line connecting the inflection points 264b and 264c is an obtuse angle. An angle 267b formed by a straight line connecting the inflection points 264b and 264c and a straight line connecting the inflection points 264c and 264d is also formed as an obtuse angle.
- the boundary line 265 of the permanent magnet 254 with the magnet insertion hole 253 that regulates the side along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 252 is located at the lower bottom, and the side near the rotor core inner peripheral side of the escape portion 263 If the upper side is 266a (a straight line connecting the inflection points 264b and 264c), it is set to be a trapezoid. Accordingly, the side 266a is formed in parallel with the surface of the permanent magnet 254 facing the side 266a.
- the inflection points 264a to 264d cannot be corners because of the manufacture of the rotor core, and the corner R is equal to or less than R1. This angle R is also included as an inflection point.
- a straight line connecting the inflection points of the escape portion 263 is used, but a boundary line having a large curvature radius may be used.
- the stress is dispersed at each corner of the inflection points 264a to 264d of the relief portion 263, and the stress of the relief portion 263 can be reduced without stress concentration at one corner. High speed rotation is possible.
- the stress concentration can be suppressed by providing the relief portion 263 having an inflection point and an obtuse angle formed between two straight lines continuous with the inflection point.
- an angle between two straight lines continuous to the inflection point is formed as an obtuse angle, and a straight line (opposite surface of the relief portion 263) parallel to the surface of the permanent magnet 254 is provided as in the side 266a of FIG.
- the relief portion 263 has a shape parallel to the direction of the stress vector, so that the stress concentration suppressing effect is further improved.
- the number of inflection points is four or more, it is easy to form an obtuse angle between two straight lines continuous to the inflection point. Therefore, the greater the number of inflection points, the greater the stress concentration. The suppression effect is improved.
- the stress concentration suppressing effect is slightly inferior to that in the case of four or more inflection points.
- the angle between two straight lines continuous to the inflection point is formed as an obtuse angle, the stress concentration suppression is performed. The effect can be expected.
- the inside of the escape portion 263 that disperses the stress concentration is an air layer, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 254 is less likely to pass than in the rotor core 252. For this reason, if many escape parts 263 are provided in the magnetization direction, for example, the effect of effectively utilizing the magnetic force of the magnet may be slightly inferior.
- the corner portion on the outer peripheral side of the rotor core 252 is not provided with a relief portion. Also, a relief portion may be provided.
- the inside of the escape portion 263 is not an air layer, but is filled with a non-magnetic material such as an adhesive or a resin that does not easily pass magnetic flux or a magnetic material that easily passes magnetic flux, as long as the material has a lower Young's modulus than the rotor core 252. Even if it is an air layer, the same stress reduction effect can be acquired.
- FIG. 8 shows an enlarged view of a cross section (a cross section taken along line AA in FIG. 3) of the rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the permanent magnet 254 in order to increase the mechanical strength of the rotor core 252 against the centrifugal force at the time of rotation, the permanent magnet 254 (and the magnet insertion hole) for one magnetic pole is divided in the circumferential direction to form a pair.
- the permanent magnets 254aa and 254ab are provided, and an inter-magnet bridge portion 260 is provided between them so as to mechanically connect the rotor core on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet and the rotor core on the inner peripheral side. .
- the relief portions of the present invention are also provided at four corner portions of the pair of permanent magnets 254aa and 254ab arranged via the inter-magnet bridge portion 260 so as to face each other.
- the stress concentration generated in 260 is also reduced.
- the relief portion 263 on the magnet-to-magnet bridge portion 260 side is provided on either the radial side (263b, 263e, 263g, 263j) or the circumferential side (263c, 263d, 263h, 263i).
- the radial direction side or the circumferential direction side may be provided.
- the pair of permanent magnets 254aa and 254ab for one magnetic pole are arranged linearly, the effect of the present invention can be obtained even when they are not arranged linearly.
- the stress concentration at each corner of the permanent magnet is suppressed and the stress at the escape portion is reduced. This can be reduced, and the rotor can be rotated at a high speed. Further, since the inter-magnet bridge portion 260 is provided between the pair of divided permanent magnets, high strength can be obtained.
- FIG. 9 shows an enlarged view of a cross section (a cross section taken along line AA in FIG. 3) of the rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- three (or three or more) divided permanent magnets 254 (and magnet insertion holes) are provided per magnetic pole, and an inter-magnet bridge portion 260 is provided between the permanent magnets.
- the escape portions 263 described in FIG. 7 are provided at the corners of the permanent magnet 254 facing each other with the inter-magnet bridge portion 260 interposed therebetween.
- the stress concentration at each corner of the permanent magnet is suppressed to reduce the stress at the escape portion. Therefore, the rotor can be rotated at a high speed. Further, since the inter-magnet bridge portion 260 is provided between the plurality of divided permanent magnets, high strength can be obtained.
- FIG. 10 shows an enlarged view of a cross section (a cross section taken along line AA of FIG. 3) of the rotating electrical machine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- a pair of permanent magnets 254 (and magnet insertion holes) divided into two per magnetic pole are not arranged linearly as shown in FIG.
- the escape portions 263 are provided at each corner of the permanent magnet.
- the stress concentration at each corner of the permanent magnet is suppressed, and the relief portion Stress can be reduced, and the rotor can be rotated at a high speed.
- the inter-magnet bridge portion 260 is provided between the pair of divided permanent magnets, high strength can be obtained.
- the pair of divided permanent magnets are arranged in a V-shaped cross section, the magnetic flux is good and the reluctance torque is large.
- this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included.
- the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
- a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
なお、永久磁石254には、ネオジウム系、サマリウム系の焼結磁石やフェライト磁石、ネオジウム系のボンド磁石などを用いることができる。永久磁石254の残留磁束密度はほぼ0.4~1.3T程度である。
230…固定子
250…回転子
252…回転子鉄心
254,254a,254b,254aa,254ab…永久磁石
257…磁気的空隙
258…磁極端ブリッジ部
260…磁石間ブリッジ部
263,263a~263j…逃げ部
264a~264d…変曲点
265…境界線
266…対向面
266a…辺
Claims (7)
- 固定子と、前記固定子に空隙を介して配置され、複数個の磁極が形成された回転子鉄心を有した回転子とを備え、前記回転子の各磁極は、前記回転子鉄心に形成された磁石挿入孔および該磁石挿入孔に挿入された永久磁石を備えた回転電機において、
前記挿入された永久磁石の角部に位置する磁石挿入孔の部位に、永久磁石の面に対向して空隙を介して形成された対向面を有した逃げ部を設け、
前記逃げ部の対向面は変曲部を有し、該変曲部と連続する2つの対向面を挟む角度は鈍角に形成されていることを特徴とする回転電機の回転子。 - 請求項1に記載の回転電機の回転子において、
前記逃げ部は4つ以上の変曲部を有することを特徴とする回転電機の回転子。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の回転電機の回転子において、
前記逃げ部の対向面は、該逃げ部の対向面に対向する永久磁石の面と平行な対向面を有することを特徴とする回転電機の回転子。 - 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の回転電機の回転子において、
前記逃げ部の変曲部を有した対向面と、該逃げ部の対向面に対向する永久磁石の面とを囲む領域を、回転子鉄心の周方向線と径方向線で囲まれる平面に沿って切断したときの断面形状が、台形又は台形に近い形状に形成されていることを特徴とする回転電機の回転子。 - 請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の回転電機の回転子において、
前記回転子は、1磁極につき分割された複数の永久磁石と、それら永久磁石を各々挿入する複数の磁石挿入孔とを備え、
前記逃げ部は、前記分割された複数の永久磁石の角部に各々位置する磁石挿入孔の部位に設けられていることを特徴とする回転電機の回転子。 - 請求項5に記載の回転電機の回転子において、
前記分割された複数の永久磁石は一対の永久磁石で構成され、該一対の永久磁石を、回転子鉄心の周方向線と径方向線で囲まれる平面に沿って切断したときの断面形状が、V字型になるように構成されていることを特徴とする回転電機の回転子。 - 請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の回転子を備える回転電機。
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EP14791950.0A EP2993761B1 (en) | 2013-05-01 | 2014-03-07 | Rotary electrical machine, and rotor for rotary electrical machine |
CN201480036532.9A CN105340155B (zh) | 2013-05-01 | 2014-03-07 | 旋转电机及旋转电机的转子 |
JP2015514771A JP6111327B2 (ja) | 2013-05-01 | 2014-03-07 | 回転電機および回転電機の回転子 |
US14/888,659 US10511198B2 (en) | 2013-05-01 | 2014-03-07 | Rotary electrical machine, and rotor for rotary electrical machine |
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US10511198B2 (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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EP2993761A1 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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