WO2014156182A1 - 負荷制御方法、負荷制御装置、及び、電気負荷装置 - Google Patents
負荷制御方法、負荷制御装置、及び、電気負荷装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014156182A1 WO2014156182A1 PCT/JP2014/001820 JP2014001820W WO2014156182A1 WO 2014156182 A1 WO2014156182 A1 WO 2014156182A1 JP 2014001820 W JP2014001820 W JP 2014001820W WO 2014156182 A1 WO2014156182 A1 WO 2014156182A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
- H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
- H02J2310/14—The load or loads being home appliances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/242—Home appliances
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a load control method for controlling a load when executing a demand response.
- DR Demand Response
- a load is changed by control of a DR aggregator (hereinafter simply referred to as an aggregator) that mediates between a supply side and a customer.
- a DR aggregator hereinafter simply referred to as an aggregator
- control is performed to suppress the power consumption of a consumer who has a DR contract with the aggregator.
- This suppression of power consumption is realized, for example, by suppressing the power consumption of electrical equipment owned by a consumer.
- the load resource functionality may be impaired by changing the load by executing DR.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a load control method and a load control apparatus capable of reducing loss of functionality of load resources due to execution of DR.
- a load control method is a load control method for controlling a load connected to an electric power system, the first time information for specifying an execution start time of a demand response, and the execution start time.
- Second time information for specifying a lamp processing end time that is a time later than that and is a time at which the lamp processing that is a process of changing the power supply amount from the power system is to be completed,
- the ramp process should be started from a time after the execution start time and before the ramp process end time.
- a ramp processing start time that is a time is determined, and the ramp processing is started at the ramp processing start time.
- the load control device is a load control device that controls a load connected to an electric power system, the first time information for specifying an execution start time of a demand response, and the execution Second time information for specifying a lamp processing end time, which is a time after the start time and is a time at which a ramp process, which is a process of changing the power supply amount from the power system, is to be completed is acquired.
- the ramp processing is performed from a time after the execution start time and before the ramp processing end time based on the acquisition unit that performs the processing and the first time information and the second time information.
- a determination unit that determines a ramp processing start time that is a time to be started, wherein the ramp processing is started at the ramp processing start time.
- the period during which the load resource operates with the changed load is shortened by delaying the ramp process, it is possible to reduce the loss of functionality of the load resource.
- structure of DR system of Embodiment 1 The figure which shows an example of the timing characteristic at the time of conventional DR execution
- the figure which shows an example of the timing characteristic in the case of DR failure The figure which shows an example of the breakdown of the effective ramp process period of Embodiment 1.
- load resources Equipment that operates by consuming electric power, such as electrical equipment owned by customers, will be referred to as load resources.
- Load resources are household appliances, such as an air conditioner, for example.
- the functionality of the load resource is, for example, the original function that the load resource provides to the user.
- the load resource is an air conditioner, it refers to a function that keeps the room in a comfortable environment.
- Executed DR may impair load resource functionality. For example, there is a possibility that the room cannot be maintained in a comfortable environment by stopping the air conditioner based on the execution of DR or suppressing the power consumption below a predetermined value. For this reason, there are consumers who invalidate the control of the aggregator during execution of DR, or consumers who do not participate in DR. Disabling the control of the aggregator during execution of DR by the customer is referred to as “DR cancellation”.
- whether or not DR cancellation occurs depends on, for example, an air conditioner stop period based on DR execution or a power consumption suppression period.
- a period during which the power consumption of the device is suppressed that is, a period during which the amount of power supplied from the power system is reduced is referred to as a DR period.
- the DR period is longer, the functionality of the load resource is impaired, and DR cancellation is likely to occur. This is because the longer the DR period, the longer the air conditioner stop period.
- the longer the period during which the cooling or heating function of an air conditioner is stopped the more difficult it is to maintain the room in a comfortable environment. As a result, the user's comfort may be impaired.
- the “DR start time” for starting DR and “DR end time” for ending DR together with the power supply amount from the power system from the DR start time.
- the time at which the process for changing the time (the lamp processing deadline time may be referred to below) is set.
- a period from the DR start time to the ramp processing deadline time is referred to as a DR preparation period.
- the process of changing the power supply from the power system is referred to as “ramp process”. For example, during the DR preparation period, the amount of power supplied from the power system is reduced by performing a ramp process for shifting the air conditioner to a stopped state or a state of suppressing power consumption.
- the DR preparation period may be several seconds or minutes. If the ramp process cannot be completed within the DR preparation period, a penalty will occur. On the contrary, if the ramp process can be completed within the DR preparation period, no penalty will be generated no matter how the ramp process is performed.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of time change of power demand during DR execution.
- DR start time means the time when a “DR activation signal” is issued from the utility to the aggregator in the instruction-based DR plan.
- DR start time means a time identified by a “DR start time identifier” sent from the utility to the aggregator in advance in a schedule-based DR plan. This time is not the time when the DR start time identifier is sent from the utility to the aggregator.
- the schedule-based DR plan is a DR plan that is performed when a demand amount of a consumer is expected to increase in advance.
- the aggregator receives time information for specifying the DR start time from the utility, such as a DR activation signal in the instruction-based DR plan or a DR start time identifier in the schedule-based DR plan.
- DR 2 is the end time of the DR preparation period, that is, the time at which the ramp process should be completed. Therefore, DR can be accepted if the ramp processing is completed before the ramp processing deadline.
- the ramp processing deadline time can be obtained, for example, by the following calculation.
- the aggregator receives time information for identifying the DR preparation period and specifying the lamp processing deadline time from the utility.
- the aggregator may obtain time information for identifying the ramp processing deadline itself from the utility instead of the differential time length from the DR start time.
- DR end time means the time when a “DR end signal” is issued from the utility to the aggregator in the instruction-based DR plan.
- the DR end time means a time identified by a “DR end time identifier” sent from the utility to the aggregator in advance. The DR end time is not the time when the “DR end time identifier” is sent from the utility to the aggregator.
- the aggregator receives time information for specifying the DR end time from the utility.
- the DR end time is a DR end signal in the case of an instruction-based DR plan.
- the DR end time is a DR end time identifier in the case of a schedule-based DR plan.
- the ramp process is started at the DR start time.
- the DR period can be shortened by starting the ramp process with a delay from the DR start time as long as the ramp process can be completed within the DR preparation period. By shortening the DR period, it is possible to suppress the frequency with which DR cancellation occurs.
- a DR plan in which a DR start time, a DR end time, and a DR preparation period are set is assumed.
- the ramp process is completed by the end of the DR preparation period, and thereafter, until the DR end time, the utility is incentive paid to the aggregator by maintaining the changed load without causing the DR cancellation. If the ramp process cannot be completed by the end of the DR preparation period, a penalty is paid from the aggregator to the utility.
- the DR service purchaser who purchases a service (DR service) that reduces the demand (power consumption) of the consumer by performing DR.
- DR service a service
- Examples of the DR service purchaser include a utility and a power market.
- the DR service purchaser is assumed to be a utility.
- the utility determines the DR start time, DR preparation period, and DR end time in the DR plan.
- the utility also determines incentives and penalties. Then, the utility notifies the aggregator of the determined information.
- the aggregator that sells a DR service to a utility and controls a load resource of a consumer in order to achieve the DR service.
- the aggregator acquires load-related data related to the load resource owned by the consumer from the consumer participating in the DR.
- the load related data includes ramping performance information, context information, load resource load baseline information, a desired load during DR execution, and the like.
- the ramping performance information is information necessary to calculate the time length required for the ramp processing, such as the load fluctuation range of the load resource and the characteristics of the time required for the fluctuation.
- the context information is information indicating the context of the load resource (for example, a situation or a set value where the load resource such as outdoor temperature, weather, set temperature, etc. is placed when the load resource is an air conditioner).
- the baseline information of the load of the load resource is information indicating a standard of how much the load of the load resource is changed, and is information indicating an estimated value of the load of the load resource when not participating in the DR.
- the customer may invalidate the DR cancellation, that is, the control of the aggregator.
- the aggregator determines the ramp processing start time when the load resource actually starts the ramp processing. That is, the aggregator does not start the ramp process at the DR start time determined by the utility, but delays the start of the ramp process until the ramp process start time. This delay includes not only a delay in communication processing and calculation processing but also a delay added intentionally.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the system configuration of the DR system of the first embodiment.
- the DR system includes a utility 101, an SOA (Server of Aggregator) 100, a DRC (Demand Response of Controller) 200, and a load resource 201.
- SOA Server of Aggregator
- DRC Demand Response of Controller
- the utility 101 determines the DR start time “T 1 ”, the DR preparation period time length “D 1 ”, the DR end time “T 2 ”, the incentive “Inc”, and the penalty “Pnl”. Then, the utility 101 notifies the SOA 100 of the determined information via the communication tool 102.
- the SOA 100 calculates the ramp processing deadline time “T 3 ”, and determines the ramp processing start time “T 4 ” and “load recovery time T 2 ′” based on the information notified from the utility 101. .
- the load recovery time T 2 ′ is the time to recover the load of the load resource that has fluctuated due to the ramp processing.
- the load recovery time T 2 ′ is the same as the DR end time T 2 , but may not be the same.
- the SOA 100 notifies the determined information to the DRC 200 via the communication tool 104.
- an arrow 103 from the SOA 100 to the utility 101 indicates that the SOA 100 is a DR service seller and the utility 101 is a DR service purchaser.
- the DRC 200 controls the load resource 201 based on the ramp processing start time T 4 and the load recovery time T 2 ′ notified from the SOA 100. That is, the DRC 200 sends a “ramp start command” to the load resource 201 so as to start the ramp processing at the ramp processing start time T 4 via the communication tool 105 and restores the load after the load restoration time T 2 ′. Is sent to the load resource 201.
- the ramp start command is transmitted to the load resource 201 in a form including time information for specifying the ramp processing start time T 4 , and the load resource 201 determines the ramp processing start time from the time information included in the ramp start command.
- R 4 may be specified and ramp processing may be started at ramp processing start time T 4 .
- the ramp start instruction does not include time information for specifying the lamp processing start time T 4, the load resource 201 receives the ramp start instruction and may start the lamp processed simultaneously.
- the utility 101 and the SOA 100 may be the same. That is, the utility 101 has the function of the SOA 100 and may directly communicate with the DRC 200 without going through the SOA 100. Further, the SOA 100 and the DRC 200 may be the same. That is, the SOA 100 has the function of the DRC 200 and may directly communicate with the load resource 201 without going through the DRC 200.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating functional configurations of the SOA 100 and the DRC 200 according to the first embodiment.
- the SOA 100 includes a communication unit 110, a process management unit 120, a data storage 130, and a timing management unit 140.
- the communication unit 110 receives time information (for example, time information specifying the DR start time T 1 , the DR preparation period time length D 1 , and the DR end time T 2 ) from the utility 101 via the communication tool 102. Further, the communication unit 110 transmits time information (for example, time information for specifying the lamp processing start time T 4 and the load recovery time T 2 ′ (DR end time T 2 )) to the DRC 200 via the communication tool 104. To do.
- time information for example, time information specifying the DR start time T 1 , the DR preparation period time length D 1 , and the DR end time T 2
- time information for example, time information for specifying the lamp processing start time T 4 and the load recovery time T 2 ′ (DR end time T 2 )
- the process management unit 120 performs, for example, processing such as identification of a connection destination DRC 200, generation of a signal to be transmitted to the DRC 200, and data management.
- the timing management unit 140 manages the timing of ramp processing. Specifically, the ramp processing start time T 4 sent to the DRC 200 is determined, and time information for specifying the ramp processing start time T 4 is generated. The timing management unit 140 'determines the load recovery time T 2,' load recovery time T 2, generates time information for specifying a.
- the data storage 130 stores data necessary for processing performed by the SOA 100.
- the data stored in the data storage 130 is, for example, DR contract data (e.g., incentives Inc, penalty Pnl, such as the time length D 1 of the DR preparation period), delay information (information of "peculiar delay tau Intrinsic" below), In addition, information (load related data, user related data) notified from the DRC 200 is included.
- the DRC 200 includes a communication unit 220, a DR operation management unit 230, and a data storage 240.
- the communication unit 220 receives time information (for example, time information for specifying the lamp processing start time T 4 and the load recovery time T 2 ′) from the SOA 100 via the communication tool 104. In addition, the communication unit 220 transmits an instruction (for example, a lamp start command or a load recovery command) to the load resource 201 via the communication tool 105.
- time information for example, time information for specifying the lamp processing start time T 4 and the load recovery time T 2 ′
- the communication unit 220 transmits an instruction (for example, a lamp start command or a load recovery command) to the load resource 201 via the communication tool 105.
- the DR operation management unit 230 performs, for example, generation of a command such as a lamp start command and a load recovery command, specification of the load resource 201 as a command destination, monitoring and correction of the load resource 201 during DR execution, data management, and the like. .
- the data storage 240 stores DR related data, and load related data and user related data, which will be described later.
- Each functional block of the SOA 100 is realized by executing a program stored in a memory included in the SOA 100 by a processor included in the SOA 100.
- each functional block of the DRC 200 is realized when a processor included in the DRC 200 executes a program stored in a memory included in the DRC 200.
- Examples of the communication tools 102, 104, and 105 include wireless protocols such as Wi-Fi (registered trademark), ZigBee (registered trademark), and Bluetooth (registered trademark), and Internet connection and telephone line connection. However, it is not limited to these.
- the timing management unit 140 determines a lamp processing start time T 4. Then, the SOA 100 instructs the DRC 200 to start the ramp process not at the DR start time T 1 but at the ramp process start time T 4 that is a delayed time.
- the load resource 201 starts the ramp process not at the DR start time T 1 determined by the utility 101 but at the ramp process start time T 4 determined by the SOA 100.
- the DR period is shortened by intentionally delaying the start of the ramp process.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of timing characteristics during DR execution when the start of the ramp process is delayed.
- “Ramp processing end time T 5 ” in FIG. 4 is a time at which the ramp processing of the load resource 201 started at the ramp processing start time T 4 ends. Accordingly, the condition for enabling DR reception is expressed by the following inequality using the ramp processing deadline T 3 . T 5 ⁇ T 3
- Time length D 3 of the ramped lifetime is expressed by the following equation using a lamp processing deadline T 3 and lamp processing start time T 4.
- D 3 T 3 -T 4
- FIG. 5 shows an example of timing characteristics in the case of DR failure.
- the DR failure is caused by, for example, the effective ramp period being too long.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the breakdown of the effective ramp processing period in the first embodiment.
- the time included in the effective ramp processing period is mainly divided into the following three types of delays (A), (B), and (C).
- Intrinsic Delay ⁇ Intrinsic The intrinsic delay is a delay caused by calculation processing or communication processing of the SOA 100, the DRC 200, and the LR 201, and includes the following delays (“delay ⁇ 102 ”, “delay ⁇ SOA ”, “delay ⁇ 104 ”, “delay ⁇ DRC ”, “Delay ⁇ 105 ”, “delay ⁇ LR ”), but is not limited thereto.
- a delay ⁇ 102 between T 1 and t S1 in FIG. 6 is a delay caused by the communication tool 102 when sending time information for specifying the DR start time T 1 from the utility 101 to the SOA 100.
- a delay ⁇ SOA between t S1 and t S2 in FIG. 6 is a time spent for various processes in the SOA 100.
- the various processes in SOA100 the analysis processing time information for specifying the DR start time T 1, determination processing of the lamp processing start time T 4, generation processing of time information for specifying the lamp processing start time T 4, etc. Is included.
- the delay ⁇ SOA is affected by the processing speed of the SOA 100. Delays intentionally added are not included in the delay ⁇ SOA .
- a delay ⁇ 104 between t S3 and t d1 in FIG. 6 is a delay caused by the communication tool 104 when sending time information for specifying the ramp processing start time T 4 from the SOA 100 to the DRC 200.
- a delay ⁇ DRC between t d1 and t d2 in FIG. 6 is a time spent for various processes in the DRC 200.
- Various processes in the DRC 200 include an analysis process of time information for specifying the lamp process start time T 4 and a generation process of an output signal sent to the load resource 201.
- the delay ⁇ DRC is affected by the processing speed of the DRC 200. Delays intentionally added are not included in the delay ⁇ DRC .
- the delay ⁇ 105 between t d2 and t l1 in FIG. 6 is a delay caused by the communication tool 105 when sending a ramp start command from the DRC 200 to the load resource 201.
- a delay ⁇ LR between t 11 and T 4 in FIG. 6 is time spent for various processes in the load resource 201.
- the various processes in the load resource 201 include an analysis process of a lamp start command, an operation data generation process for the lamp process, and the like.
- the delay ⁇ LR is affected by the processing speed of the load resource. Delays intentionally added are not included in the delay ⁇ LR .
- the ramp processing delay ⁇ ramp is a delay caused by the physical performance of the load resource 201 for performing the ramp processing in response to the ramp start command from the DRC 200. As shown in FIG. 6, the ramp processing delay ⁇ ramp is a period between the ramp processing start time T 4 and the ramp processing end time T 5 . The intentionally added delay is not included in the ramp processing delay ⁇ ramp .
- the additional delay ⁇ Add may be added by the DRC 200 instead of the SOA 100 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a modified example of the breakdown of the effective ramp processing period.
- the SOA 100 requests the DRC 200 to start the ramp process at t S2 without adding the additional delay ⁇ Add .
- the additional delay ⁇ Add may be added in the load resource 201 instead of the SOA 100 or the DRC 200. That is, the SOA 100 requests the DRC 200 to start the ramp process at t S2 in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the DRC 200 instructs the load resource 201 to start the ramp process at t d2 in FIG.
- the additional delay ⁇ Add may be added before the load resource 201 starts the ramp process.
- ⁇ Calculation of optimal additional delay “ ⁇ opt ”> In order to shorten the DR period, that is, reduce the probability of DR cancellation, it is preferable to delay the ramp process as much as possible. However, delaying the ramp process increases the possibility of DR failure.
- a process for calculating the optimum additional delay ⁇ opt based on the trade-off between the probability of DR failure and the probability of DR cancellation will be described.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the relationship of the probability of DR failure with respect to the additional delay ⁇ Add in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8A is an example of a PDF with an intrinsic delay ⁇ Intrinsic .
- FIG. 8B is an example of a PDF with an additional delay ⁇ Add .
- FIG. 8C is an example of a PDF with a ramp processing delay ⁇ Ramp .
- the SOA 100 acquires an estimated value (or data) of a PDF (Probability Density Function) of the intrinsic delay ⁇ Intrinsic and the ramp processing delay ⁇ ramp and stores it in the data storage 130.
- a PDF Probability Density Function
- Such information may be acquired by the DRC 200 and stored in the data storage 240.
- the SOA 100 obtains the PDF (JD: Joint Distribution) of FIGS. 8A, 8 ⁇ / b> B, and 8 ⁇ / b> C to obtain the PDF having the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period shown in FIG. Is calculated.
- the PDF of the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period changes according to the change of the additional delay ⁇ Add .
- the greater the additional delay tau Add PDF moves to the right, move to the left when the additional delay tau Add decreases.
- FIG. 8D shows an example of a PDF having a time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period, and does not output a calculation result.
- the SOA 100 calculates the probability of DR failure from the PDF of the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period.
- the area of the portion where the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period is larger than the time length D 1 of the DR preparation period indicates the probability of DR failure.
- the probability of failure “P Y + ” is the area of the shaded area + the area of the black area in FIG.
- the SOA 100 calculates the probability of DR failure for each additional delay ⁇ Add .
- FIG. 8E is an example of the probability of DR failure calculated for each additional delay ⁇ Add . That is, FIG. 8E shows an example of the probability of DR failure for each additional delay ⁇ Add value. As shown in FIG. 8E, if the additional delay ⁇ Add increases, the probability of DR failure also increases accordingly.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the relationship of the probability of DR cancellation with respect to the additional delay ⁇ Add .
- a case will be described as an example in which DR cancellation is performed because the comfort in terms of temperature is lost as a result of stopping the air conditioner (AC) by executing DR.
- AC air conditioner
- FIG. 9A is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the DR cancellation probability and the indoor temperature.
- FIG. 9A shows that the probability of DR cancellation increases as the indoor temperature increases.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram showing the relationship of the indoor temperature at the end of DR execution with respect to the additional delay ⁇ Add .
- the solid line represents the relationship between the additional delay ⁇ Add and the indoor temperature at the DR end time T 2 when the outdoor temperature is “T A ” and the broken line represents the outdoor temperature “T B ”.
- FIG. 9B shows that the indoor temperature rise due to DR execution is suppressed as the additional delay ⁇ Add increases. The reason why the temperature rise is suppressed is that by increasing the additional delay ⁇ Add , the DR period, that is, the period in which the AC is kept off is shortened.
- the SOA 100 acquires the relationship between the probability of DR cancellation with respect to the indoor temperature and the relationship between the indoor temperature with respect to the additional delay ⁇ Add and stores it in the data storage 130.
- Such information may be acquired by the DRC 200 and stored in the data storage 240.
- the SOA 100 calculates the relationship between the additional delay ⁇ Add and the probability of DR cancellation shown in FIG. 9C from FIGS. 9A and 9B.
- the FIG. 9 (B) the Motomari indoor temperature at DR end time T2 for a additional delay tau Add is the probability of DR cancellation for indoor temperature Motoma' by FIG 9 (A) is calculated.
- FIG. 9C is obtained by calculating the probability of DR cancellation for a plurality of additional delays ⁇ Add .
- FIG. 9C shows that the probability of DR cancellation decreases as the additional delay ⁇ Add is increased.
- the solid line indicates the case where the outdoor temperature is “T A ”
- the broken line indicates the case where the outdoor temperature is “T B ”.
- FIG. 9 illustrates an example in which the load resource is AC, but the load resource is not limited to AC.
- the functionality decreases with DR. Therefore, the probability of DR cancellation decreases as the additional delay ⁇ Add increases in other types of load resources, that is, as the DR period is shorter.
- “functionality” may be considered instead of “indoor temperature” in the case of AC. That is, it is only necessary to calculate how much the functional loss can be reduced by shortening the DR period and to determine how much the probability of DR cancellation is reduced by reducing the functional loss.
- a power storage device that reduces the amount of power supplied from the power system by discharging during the execution of DR. Shortening the DR period is also beneficial for such power storage devices. Because in DR end time T 2, because the SOC (State Of Charge) could be maintained higher increases. That is, the SOC at the DR end time T 2 may be used as an index of functionality in the power storage device.
- SOC State Of Charge
- the SOA 100 can obtain an effect of increasing the opportunity to participate in the DR by the additional delay ⁇ Add .
- the SOA 100 calculates the optimum additional delay ⁇ opt (that is, maximizes a predetermined objective function) in consideration of such effects.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of an objective function for calculating the profit of the SOA 100 expected at a plurality of different additional delays ⁇ Add .
- the SOA 100 calculates an expected value of profit for each of a plurality of “additional delays” in consideration of the expected value of the incentive obtained and the expected value of the penalty to be paid.
- ⁇ is a load variation amount in the ramp process
- Inc is an incentive per unit of the variation amount
- Pnl is a penalty per unit of the variation amount.
- the SOA 100 determines the fluctuation amount ⁇ and notifies the DRC 200, and the DRC 200 generates an instruction signal including the notified fluctuation amount ⁇ and notifies the load resource 201 of the instruction signal.
- the ramp processing is performed based on the notified variation ⁇ .
- the expected value of the profit of the SOA 100 is calculated as (1 ⁇ X 1 ) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Inc ⁇ (P ⁇ A + ) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Pnl.
- the SOA 100 calculates the expected value of profit for each additional delay ⁇ Add .
- the additional delay ⁇ Add having the highest expected value of profit among the calculated values is determined as the optimum additional delay ⁇ opt .
- the SOA 100 may determine the optimum additional delay ⁇ opt by optimizing other objective functions.
- other objective functions include maximizing customer satisfaction and minimizing DR cancellation.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing information necessary for determining the optimum additional delay ⁇ opt in the first embodiment.
- Reference numeral 1101 in FIG. 11 is a PDF with an intrinsic delay ⁇ Intrinsic .
- the SOA 100 calculates, estimates, or receives a PDF 1101 having an intrinsic delay ⁇ Intrinsic through communication with the utility 101, the DRC 200, and the load resource 201.
- Reference numeral 1102 in FIG. 11 is DR contract data (DR preparation period time length D 1 , incentive Inc, penalty Pnl, etc.), and reference numeral 1103 in FIG. 11 is DR start time T 1 .
- the SOA 100 acquires the DR contract data 1102 and the DR start time (T 1 ) 1103 from the utility 101.
- the SOA 100 may acquire the DR contract data 1102 and the DR start time (T 1 ) 1103 at the same time or at different timings.
- Reference numeral 1104 in FIG. 11 is load-related data.
- Load related data 1104, contextual information e.g., additional delay tau indoor temperature relationships and outdoor air temperature at DR completion time T 2, for Add
- the SOA 100 acquires the load-related data 1104 from the DRC 200.
- the SOA 100 may acquire the load-related data 1104 from the load resource 201, or may acquire or estimate from the execution data of the past DR.
- the SOA 100 acquires the user-related data 1105 from the DRC 200.
- the SOA 100 may acquire the user-related data 1105 from the load resource 201, or may acquire or estimate from the past DR cancellation history.
- the past DR cancellation history is, for example, history information indicating whether or not a customer has performed a DR cancellation on the context of the load resource 201 at the time in the execution of a plurality of past DRs.
- the SOA 100 causes the timing management unit 140 to determine the ramp processing deadline time (T 1 ) based on the DR start time (T 1 ) 1103 and the DR preparation period time length D 1 included in the DR contract data 1102. 4 ) Calculate 1106.
- timing management unit 140 of the SOA 100 obtains information (1101 to 1106), it calculates an optimal additional delay ⁇ opt (1107).
- the optimum additional delay ⁇ opt may be determined for each DRC 200 (and / or for each load resource 201).
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the SOA 100 in the first embodiment.
- the operation of SOA100 of the first embodiment the step (1201) for acquiring time information for specifying the DR start time T 1, DR agreement data (incentives Inc, penalty Pnl, DR preparation A step 1202 for obtaining a time length D 1 ) and a step 1203 for obtaining load-related data and user-related data.
- the operation of the SOA 100 according to the first embodiment is based on the acquired information.
- Parameters for example, the ramp processing deadline time T 3 , the relationship between the additional delay ⁇ Add and the DR failure probability, the additional delay ⁇ Add and the DR cancellation
- the operations of SOA100 of the first embodiment includes a step (1207) for generating time information for specifying the lamp processing start time T 4, the lamp processing start time T 4 determined to start lamp processing time information for specifying the lamp processing start time T 4 and a step (1208) to send to DRC200.
- FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram of the DR system according to the first embodiment.
- the same information as in FIG. 11 is denoted by the same reference numeral, and description thereof is omitted.
- the SOA 100 calculates, updates, or receives a PDF of the intrinsic delay ⁇ Intrinsic based on communication with the utility 101 and the DRC 200 (1301).
- the SOA 100 After the ramp processing start time T 4 is calculated, the SOA 100 generates time information for specifying the calculated ramp processing start time and transmits it to the DRC 200 (1302).
- SOA 100 receives time information for specifying the DR completion time T 2, the utility 101 and (1304), 'determines the load recovery time T 2,' load recovery time T 2, the time for identifying Information is transmitted to the DRC 200 (1305).
- the DRC 200 generates a load recovery command based on the time information for specifying the load recovery time T 2 ′ received from the SOA 100, and transmits it to the load resource 201 (1306).
- the load resource 201 receives the load recovery command, the load resource 201 ends the DR.
- the DR system of the first embodiment operates as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the SOA 100 and the DRC 200 according to a modified example in which the DRC 200 determines the lamp processing start time T 4 instead of the SOA 100.
- the SOA 100 does not include the timing management block 140, and the DRC 200 includes the timing management unit 231 instead.
- the timing management unit 231 and generates the time information for specifying the determination and lamp processing start time T 4 of the lamp processing start time T 4.
- the DRC 200 the management unit 231 determines a lamp processing start time T 4.
- FIG. 15 shows a sequence diagram of a DR system in a modification in which the DRC 200 determines the ramp processing start time T 4 instead of the SOA 100.
- the same information as in FIG. 13 is denoted by the same reference numeral, and description thereof is omitted.
- SOA100 transmits receives the DR contract data 1102 from the utility 101, DR contract data 1102 received (including the time length D 1 of the at least DR preparation period of) the DRC200 (1501).
- SOA100 is calculated PDF1101 inherent delay tau Intrinsic (or acquisition), the transmits the calculated peculiar delay tau Intrinsic to DRC200 (1502).
- the SOA 100 When the SOA 100 receives time information for specifying the DR start time T 1 from the utility 101, the SOA 100 transmits time information for specifying the received DR start time T 1 to the DRC 200 (1503).
- the DRC 200 calculates the ramp processing deadline time T 3 using the time length D 1 of the DR preparation period received at 1501 and the DR start time T 1 received at 1503 (1504).
- the DRC 200 uses the available information (1104, 1105, 1501-1504) to determine the optimum additional delay ⁇ opt and the ramp processing start time T 4 (1505).
- the DR system of the first embodiment operates as shown in FIG.
- the utility 101 provides the SOA 100 with an incentive that changes according to the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period. For example, as the time length D 4 of the effective lamp processing period is short, the amount of incentives paid increases. Therefore, in the second embodiment, information of “incentive that changes according to the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period” is available in the SOA 100.
- the SOA 100 determines the optimum ramp processing start time T 4 for the load resource 201 using incentive information that changes in accordance with the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period.
- the utility 101 uses the time information for specifying the time length D 1 of the DR preparation period instead of providing the information “incentive that changes according to the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period”. Do not provide. Therefore, in the second embodiment, there is no penalty because no DR preparation period is set. However, due to the “incentive that changes according to the time length D 4 of the effective ramp processing period”, the incentive to be paid is reduced by delaying the start of the ramp processing.
- the optimum ramp processing start time is obtained as in the first embodiment. It is possible to determine the T 4. (Supplement)
- possible embodiments of the present invention will be described.
- a load control method is a load control method for controlling a load connected to an electric power system, the first time information for specifying an execution start time of a demand response, Second time information for specifying a lamp process end time that is a time after the execution start time and that is a time at which the lamp process, which is a process of changing the power supply amount from the power system, is to be completed.
- the ramp process is performed from a time that is later than the execution start time and earlier than the ramp process end time.
- a ramp processing start time which is a time to start is determined, and the ramp processing is started at the ramp processing start time.
- the period during which the load resource operates with the changed load is shortened by delaying the ramp process, it is possible to reduce the loss of functionality of the load resource.
- the load control method of aspect 2 is the aspect 1, wherein the ramp process is started with a delay time from the execution start time using the first time information and the second time information. A probability that the ramp processing is completed before the ramp processing end time is calculated, and the ramp processing start time is determined using the calculated probability.
- the load control method according to aspect 5 is characterized in that, in aspect 2, at least one of a delay characteristic of a communication network that transmits a control signal for starting the ramp process and a time characteristic from the start to the end of the ramp process. Further obtained as characteristic information, the probability is calculated further using the characteristic information.
- the load control method includes the current load setting information and a cancel characteristic indicating a history of demand response cancellation with respect to the load setting information in the past demand response execution. Further obtained as characteristic information, the probability is calculated further using the characteristic information.
- the load control method according to aspect 7 obtains the first time information from a utility.
- the load control method according to aspect 9 is further characterized in that, in aspect 1, third time information for specifying an execution end time of a demand response is acquired, and the load recovery process is performed after the execution end time. Let it begin.
- a load control device is a load control device that controls a load connected to an electric power system, the first time information for specifying an execution start time of a demand response, and the execution start time. Acquisition of second time information for specifying a lamp processing end time that is a time later than that, and is a time at which a ramp process that is a process of changing the power supply amount from the power system is to be completed And the ramp processing is started from the time after the execution start time and before the ramp processing end time based on the first time information and the second time information.
- a determination unit that determines a ramp processing start time that is a power time, and starts the ramp processing at the ramp processing start time.
- the period during which the load resource operates with the changed load is shortened by delaying the ramp process, it is possible to reduce the loss of functionality of the load resource.
- the lamp start command for instructing the start of the ramp process which is a process for changing the power supply amount from the power system, is a time after the execution start time of the demand response.
- a reception unit that receives time information for specifying a ramp processing start time, which is a time at which the ramp processing should be started, and the ramp processing based on the ramp start command.
- a starting control unit that controls the lamp start command for instructing the start of the ramp process.
- the load control method is a load control method for controlling a load connected to the power system, and includes time information for specifying a demand response execution start time, and a power supply amount from the power system. And incentive information for determining incentives according to the processing performance of the ramp processing, which is a process for changing the ramp time, and starts the ramp processing after the execution start time using the time information and the incentive information.
- a ramp processing start time that is a power time is determined, and the ramp processing is started at the ramp processing start time.
- the load control method determines the ramp processing start time at which the incentive of a consumer who uses the load becomes high according to the time at which the ramp processing in the ramp processing ends.
- the processing performance of the ramp process is a time length from the execution start time to a time when the ramp process ends.
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Abstract
Description
ここでは、発明者が研究によって得た知見について説明する。
DR実行において、アグリゲータは、DR準備期間を識別し、ランプ処理締切時刻を特定するための時刻情報をユーティリティから受け取る。アグリゲータは、DR開始時刻からの差分時間長ではなく、ランプ処理締切時刻そのものを識別する時刻情報をユーティリティから取得することもある。
実施の形態1では、DR開始時刻、DR終了時刻、DR準備期間の設定されたDRプランを想定している。そのようなDRプランでは、DR準備期間の終了までに、ランプ処理を完了させる必要がある。DR準備期間の終了までにランプ処理が完了し、その後、DR終了時刻まで、DRキャンセルが発生せずに変更後の負荷を維持することで、ユーティリティからアグリゲータにインセンティブが支払われる。また、DR準備期間の終了までにランプ処理を完了できない場合は、アグリゲータからユーティリティにペナルティが支払われる。
上述したように、タイミング管理部140は、ランプ処理開始時刻T4を決定する。そして、SOA100がDRC200に対して、ランプ処理を、DR開始時刻T1ではなく、遅延された時刻であるランプ処理開始時刻T4において開始するように指示する。負荷資源201は、ランプ処理を、ユーティリティ101の決定するDR開始時刻T1ではなく、SOA100が決定するランプ処理開始時刻T4において開始する。ランプ処理の開始を意図的に遅延させることで、DR期間が短縮される。
D2 = T4 - T1
T5 < T3
D3 = T3 - T4
D4 = T5 - T1
D4 > D1 = T3 - T1
T5 > T3
図6のtS2とtS3の間の追加遅延τAddは、実施の形態1において、鍵となる部分である。この追加遅延τAddは、SOA100、DRC200、LR201の処理や通信によって生じる遅延ではなく、ランプ処理準備期間を拡大する目的で意図的に加えられる遅延である。
固有遅延は、SOA100、DRC200、LR201の計算処理や通信処理等によって生じる遅延であり、以下の遅延(「遅延τ102」、「遅延τSOA」、「遅延τ104」、「遅延τDRC」、「遅延τ105」、「遅延τLR」)を含むが、これらに限定されるわけではない。
ランプ処理遅延τrampは、DRC200からのランプ開始命令に応じてランプ処理を行うための負荷資源201の物理的な性能によって生じる遅延である。図6に示すように、ランプ処理遅延τrampはランプ処理開始時刻T4とランプ処理終了時刻T5との間の期間である。意図的に追加される遅延は、ランプ処理遅延τrampに含めない。
tS2 = T1 + τ102 +τSOA
そして、DRC200が追加遅延τAddを追加する。
<最適な追加遅延「τopt」の算出>
DR期間短縮すなわちDRキャンセルの確率を減少させるためには、ランプ処理を可能な限り遅らせることが好ましい。しかしながら、ランプ処理を遅延させると、DR失敗が生じる可能性が高まる。ここでは、DR失敗の確率とDRキャンセルの確率とのトレードオフに基づき、最適な追加遅延τoptを算出する処理について説明する。
例えば、ACは13:00~13:30までの30分間のDRに参加し、「ランプ処理準備期間D2は0分と仮定する。すると、ACのDR期間は30分間となり、13:30における室内温度は高い状態である。従って、次の期間(13:30~14:00)におけるDRへの参加は不可能である。
例えば、ACは13:00~13:30までの30分間のDRに参加し、ランプ処理準備期間D2は9分と仮定する。すると、ACのDR期間は21分間となり、ケースAと比較して30%短縮される。その結果、13:30における室内温度は、ケースAと比較して低い状態である。従って、次の期間(13:30~14:00)においてもDRに参加できる可能性がある。さらに、次の期間(13:30~14:00)において、「ランプ処理準備期間」はやはり9分と仮定すると、13:30~13:39の間ACは屋内を冷却するため、ACは次の期間(13:30~14:00)においてもDRに参加可能となる。
実施の形態2のDRシステムでは、ユーティリティ101は、実効ランプ処理期間の時間長D4に応じて変化するインセンティブをSOA100に提供する。例えば、実効ランプ処理期間の時間長D4が短いほど、支払われるインセンティブの額は高くなる。従って、実施の形態2では、「実効ランプ処理期間の時間長D4に応じて変化するインセンティブ」の情報が、SOA100で利用可能である。SOA100は、実効ランプ処理期間の時間長D4に応じて変化するインセンティブの情報を用いて、負荷資源201にとって最適なランプ処理開始時刻T4を決定する。
(補足)
以下、本発明のとりうる態様について記載する。
101 ユーティリティ
200 DRC(Demand Response Controller)
201 負荷資源
102,104,105 通信ツール
110,220 通信部
120 プロセス管理部
130,240 データストレージ
140,231 タイミング管理部
230 DR操作管理部
Claims (15)
- 電力系統に接続された負荷を制御する負荷制御方法であって、
デマンドレスポンスの実行開始時刻を特定するための第1の時刻情報と、前記実行開始時刻よりも後の時刻であって、電力系統からの電力供給量を変化させる処理であるランプ処理を完了させるべき時刻であるランプ処理終了時刻を特定するための第2の時刻情報とを取得し、
前記第1の時刻情報及び前記第2の時刻情報に基づき、前記実行開始時刻よりも後の時刻であって且つ前記ランプ処理終了時刻よりも前の時刻の中から、前記ランプ処理を開始すべき時刻であるランプ処理開始時刻を決定し、
前記ランプ処理開始時刻に前記ランプ処理を開始させる
負荷制御方法。 - 前記第1の時刻情報及び前記第2の時刻情報を用いて、前記実行開始時刻から遅延時間を設けて前記ランプ処理を開始したときに前記ランプ処理終了時刻前に前記ランプ処理が完了する確率を計算し、計算された確率を用いて前記ランプ処理開始時刻を決定する
請求項1の負荷制御方法。 - 前記第1の時刻情報及び前記第2の時刻情報を用いて、前記実行開始時刻から遅延時間を設けて前記ランプ処理を開始したときにデマンドレスポンスがキャンセルされる確率を計算し、計算された確率を用いて、前記ランプ処理開始時刻を決定する
請求項1の負荷制御方法。 - 前記第1の時刻情報及び前記第2の時刻情報を用いて、前記実行開始時刻から遅延時間を設けて前記ランプ処理を開始したときに前記ランプ処理終了時刻前に前記ランプ処理が完了する確率である第1の確率と、前記実行開始時刻から遅延時間を設けて前記ランプ処理を開始したときにデマンドレスポンスがキャンセルされる確率である第2の確率とを計算し、前記第1の確率及び前記第2の確率を用いて、前記ランプ処理開始時刻を決定する
請求項1の負荷制御方法。 - 前記ランプ処理を開始させるための制御信号を送信する通信ネットワークの遅延特性と前記ランプ処理の開始から終了までの時間特性との少なくとも一方を特性情報として更に取得し、
前記確率は、前記特性情報を更に用いて計算される
請求項2の負荷制御方法。 - 現在の前記負荷の設定情報と、過去のデマンドレスポンスの実行における、前記負荷の設定情報に対するデマンドレスポンスのキャンセルの履歴を示すキャンセル特性とを特性情報として更に取得し、
前記確率は、前記特性情報を更に用いて計算される
請求項3の負荷制御方法。 - 前記第1の時刻情報をユーティリティから取得する
請求項1の負荷制御方法。 - 前記第2の時刻情報をユーティリティから取得する
請求項1の負荷制御方法。 - 更に、
デマンドレスポンスの実行終了時刻を特定するための第3の時刻情報を取得し、
前記負荷の復旧処理を、前記実行終了時刻以後に開始させる
請求項1の負荷制御方法。 - 電力系統に接続された負荷を制御する負荷制御装置であって、
デマンドレスポンスの実行開始時刻を特定するための第1の時刻情報と、前記実行開始時刻よりも後の時刻であって、電力系統からの電力供給量を変化させる処理であるランプ処理を完了させるべき時刻であるランプ処理終了時刻を特定するための第2の時刻情報とを取得する取得部と、
前記第1の時刻情報及び前記第2の時刻情報に基づき、前記実行開始時刻の後の時刻であって且つ前記ランプ処理終了時刻の前の時刻の中から、前記ランプ処理を開始すべき時刻であるランプ処理開始時刻を決定する決定部と、を備え、
前記ランプ処理開始時刻に前記ランプ処理を開始させる
負荷制御装置。 - 電力系統からの電力供給量を変化させる処理であるランプ処理の開始を指示するランプ開始命令を、デマンドレスポンスの実行開始時刻よりも後の時刻であって、前記ランプ処理を開始すべき時刻であるランプ処理開始時刻を特定するための時刻情報を含む形で受信する受信部と、
前記ランプ開始命令に基づき、前記ランプ処理を、前記ランプ処理開始時刻に開始する制御部と、を備える
電気負荷装置。 - 電力系統に接続された負荷を制御する負荷制御方法であって、
デマンドレスポンスの実行開始時刻を特定するための時刻情報と、電力系統からの電力供給量を変化させる処理であるランプ処理の処理性能に応じたインセンティブを定めるインセンティブ情報とを取得し、
前記時刻情報及び前記インセンティブ情報を用いて、前記実行開始時刻よりも後の、前記ランプ処理を開始すべき時刻であるランプ処理開始時刻を決定し、
前記ランプ処理開始時刻に前記ランプ処理を開始させる
負荷制御方法。 - 前記ランプ処理における当該ランプ処理が終了する時刻に応じて前記負荷を使用する需要家のインセンティブが高くなる前記ランプ処理開始時刻を決定する
請求項12に記載の負荷制御方法。 - 前記ランプ処理の処理性能は、前記実行開始時刻から当該ランプ処理が終了する時刻までの時間長である
請求項12に記載の負荷制御方法。 - 前記ランプ処理開始時刻を含む指示信号を生成し、
前記指示信号を前記負荷に送信する
請求項12に記載の負荷制御方法。
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Cited By (3)
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WO2019171728A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-08 | 2019-09-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電力管理システム、電力管理方法、およびプログラム |
US10567513B2 (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2020-02-18 | Fujitsu Limited | Transmission control method and transmission control apparatus |
CN111244946A (zh) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-05 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | 一种自备电厂发用电资源的调控方法和装置 |
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WO2016136260A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-25 | 2016-09-01 | 京セラ株式会社 | 電力管理装置、電力管理システム、および電力管理方法 |
US10088192B2 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-10-02 | Google Llc | Thermostat algorithms and architecture for efficient operation at low temperatures |
JP7195072B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-03 | 2022-12-23 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | アップグレード評価方法、アップグレード評価装置 |
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CN111244946B (zh) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-11-09 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | 一种自备电厂发用电资源的调控方法和装置 |
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JP6021088B2 (ja) | 2016-11-02 |
JPWO2014156182A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
US20150100171A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
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