WO2014115461A1 - 排ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014115461A1 WO2014115461A1 PCT/JP2013/084320 JP2013084320W WO2014115461A1 WO 2014115461 A1 WO2014115461 A1 WO 2014115461A1 JP 2013084320 W JP2013084320 W JP 2013084320W WO 2014115461 A1 WO2014115461 A1 WO 2014115461A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- flow path
- reducing agent
- path member
- catalyst
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2896—Liquid catalyst carrier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for purifying exhaust gas in an exhaust gas flow path.
- the exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine contains nitrogen oxides (NO x ) that are air pollutants.
- an exhaust gas purification apparatus having a configuration in which an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) type catalyst is provided in an exhaust gas flow path and urea water is injected into the exhaust gas on the upstream side thereof. ing.
- SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
- urea water injected into the exhaust gas is hydrolyzed by the heat of the exhaust gas, and ammonia (NH 3 ) generated by the hydrolysis is supplied to the catalyst together with the exhaust gas.
- Nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas react with ammonia in the catalyst and are reduced and purified.
- a catalyst having a large cross-sectional area is usually used in order to improve the exhaust gas purification effect by the catalyst, and in order to expand the exhaust gas flow path upstream of the catalyst.
- the enlarged diameter flow path is formed.
- a configuration has been proposed in which a diffusion member for diffusing exhaust gas into the enlarged diameter channel is provided on the upstream side of the enlarged diameter channel (Patent Document 1).
- the present inventor eliminates the uneven distribution of the reducing agent in the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst when the distribution of the reducing agent (urea water or ammonia after hydrolysis) is biased in the exhaust gas flowing into the diffusion member.
- the diffusion member has a function of suppressing the uneven flow of the exhaust gas in the diameter-enlarged flow path, but does not have a function of dispersing the reducing agent that is biased in the exhaust gas.
- the direction in which the reducing agent is supplied differs from the direction in which the exhaust gas flows at the joining position where the reducing agent merges with the exhaust gas, the flow of the reducing agent tends to be biased due to the flow of the exhaust gas.
- the uneven distribution of the reducing agent flowing into the catalyst in this way becomes a factor that reduces the exhaust gas purification effect of the catalyst.
- An exhaust gas purifying apparatus guides a first flow path member that forms an exhaust gas flow path leading to a catalyst, and a reducing agent injected by the injection apparatus to the exhaust gas flow path upstream of the catalyst.
- a second flow path member that forms a reducing agent flow path, and the second flow path member is inserted so as to protrude through the side wall of the first flow path member into the exhaust gas flow path. Has been.
- the uneven distribution of the reducing agent in the exhaust gas passage can be suppressed. That is, in the configuration in which the second flow path member does not protrude into the exhaust gas flow path, the reducing agent guided to the exhaust gas flow path flows together with the exhaust gas flowing near the outer periphery of the exhaust gas flow path. The distribution on the road tends to be biased. On the other hand, according to the configuration in which the second flow path member protrudes into the exhaust gas flow path, it becomes possible to guide the reducing agent to the center of the exhaust gas flow path, and suppress the uneven distribution of the reducing agent in the exhaust gas flow path. can do. Therefore, according to the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of one aspect of the present invention, the uneven distribution of the reducing agent flowing into the catalyst can be suppressed.
- the second flow path member is a tubular member, and the first end opens to the injection device side, and the second end on the side opposite to the first end.
- the reducing agent passage may be formed such that an end portion opens into the exhaust gas passage and is blocked from the exhaust gas passage from the first end portion to the second end portion. According to such a configuration, the reducing agent can be guided to the central portion of the exhaust gas flow channel while being hardly affected by the flow of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow channel.
- the exhaust gas flow path is provided with a diffusion member that suppresses the bias of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst upstream of the catalyst, and the second flow path member includes the reducing agent.
- the reducing agent passage may be formed to guide the gas to the exhaust gas passage upstream of the diffusion member.
- the portion of the second flow path member inserted into the exhaust gas flow path guides the exhaust gas that has collided with the outer surface of the second flow path member so as to wrap around the outer surface. It may have a function. According to such a configuration, since the flow of the exhaust gas colliding with the outer surface of the second flow path member is disturbed, an effect of dispersing the reducing agent that has joined from the second flow path member is obtained.
- the portion of the exhaust gas flow channel where the second flow channel member is inserted is a first direction that is a flow direction of exhaust gas that collides with an outer surface of the second flow channel member, You may be extended so that it may spread in the direction orthogonal to all of the 2nd direction which is an axial direction of a 2nd flow path member. According to such a configuration, since the exhaust gas colliding with the outer surface of the second flow path member is promoted to flow along the outer surface, the effect of dispersing the reducing agent merged from the second flow path member is obtained. Can be improved.
- one aspect of the present invention can be realized in various forms such as the above-described exhaust gas purification device, a reducing agent supply mechanism used in the exhaust gas purification device, and a method for suppressing the deviation of exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst. .
- FIG. 1A is a top view of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the embodiment
- FIG. 1B is a side view of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the embodiment
- 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIA-IIA in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIB-IIB in FIG. 1B
- FIG. It is a perspective view of a diffusion member. It is the figure which looked at the diffusion member from the downstream in an exhaust gas flow path. It is a figure which shows the shape of the blade
- 6A is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the comparative example, FIG.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a simulation result of the flow of the reducing agent in the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the comparative example
- FIG. 6C is a diagram of the reducing agent on the catalyst end face of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the comparative example. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of distribution.
- 7A is a diagram showing a simulation result of the flow of the reducing agent in the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the embodiment
- FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a simulation result of the exhaust gas flow in the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the embodiment
- FIG. 7C is an exhaust gas purification apparatus of the embodiment. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of distribution of the reducing agent in the catalyst end surface.
- FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the flow path member of the first modification
- FIG. 8B is a top view of the flow path member of the first modification
- FIG. 8C is a side view of the flow path member of the first modification
- FIG. It is the figure which looked at the flow path member of the modification from the axial direction and the downstream.
- 9A is a perspective view of the flow path member of the second modification
- FIG. 9B is a top view of the flow path member of the second modification
- FIG. 9C is a side view of the flow path member of the second modification
- FIG. 9D is FIG. It is IXD-IXD sectional drawing of.
- FIG. 10A is a top view of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the third modified example
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the third modified example.
- 11A is a top view of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the fourth modified example
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIB-XIB in FIG. 11A
- FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view taken along the XIC-XIC line in FIG.
- the exhaust gas purification device 1 is for purifying exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine (for example, a diesel engine) of an automobile.
- the exhaust gas purification device 1 includes a first flow path member 2, a second flow path member 3, a catalyst 4, an injection device 5, and a diffusion member 6.
- the vertical and horizontal directions (vertical direction and horizontal direction) are expressed with reference to FIG. 2A. However, this is merely an expression for convenience of description, and the direction in which the exhaust gas purification device 1 is provided is not particularly limited.
- the first flow path member 2 forms a part of the exhaust gas flow path for guiding the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine to the outside of the automobile, specifically, the exhaust gas flow path leading to the catalyst 4.
- the first flow path member 2 includes, in order from the upstream side (the left side in FIG. 2A) in the exhaust gas flow path, the first pipe part 2A, the second pipe part 2B, the third pipe part 2C, 4 pipe part 2D and the 5th pipe part 2E are provided.
- the first to fifth pipe portions 2A to 2E are sections for convenience of explanation, and the sections of the parts constituting the first flow path member 2 are not particularly limited.
- the first tube portion 2A is a straight circular tube portion.
- the third tube portion 2C is a linear circular tube portion having the same inner diameter as the first tube portion 2A.
- the third pipe 2C is different from the first pipe 2A in the direction in which the exhaust gas flows.
- the first pipe portion 2A forms a flow path where the exhaust gas flows obliquely downward
- the third pipe portion 2C forms a flow path where the exhaust gas flows in the horizontal direction.
- the 1st pipe part 2A and the 3rd pipe part 2C are gently connected by the 2nd pipe part 2B of the shape curved in circular arc shape in the side view.
- the second tube portion 2B is formed, for example, by bonding two exteriors up and down.
- the exhaust gas flow path in other words, the portion where the second flow path member 3 is inserted in the exhaust gas flow path
- the tube portion 2A and the third tube portion 2C are expanded so as to spread (swell) on both sides in the width direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1A). That is, while the cross-sectional shape of the second flow path member 3 is circular, the cross-sectional shape of the portion where the second flow path member 3 is inserted in the first flow path member 2 is a horizontally long shape (in this example, Oval).
- the width direction here refers to a first direction that is a flow direction (an obliquely downward direction) of exhaust gas that collides with an outer surface (specifically, an upper surface) of the second flow path member 3, and a second flow path member. It is a direction orthogonal to both of the second direction (horizontal direction) which is the axial direction of 3.
- the first direction is a direction along the first axis C1 that is the central axis of the first tube portion 2A
- the second direction is the central axis of the third tube portion 2C.
- the direction is along the second axis C2.
- the first axis C1 and the second axis C2 are in a positional relationship where they intersect each other.
- the fifth tube portion 2E is a straight circular tube portion that is coaxial with the third tube portion 2C (with the second axis C2 as a central axis). However, the fifth tube portion 2E is formed to have an inner diameter larger than that of the third tube portion 2C in order to accommodate the columnar catalyst 4 having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the third tube portion 2C. .
- the 3rd pipe part 2C and the 5th pipe part 2E are the 4th pipes which are a truncated cone-shaped circular pipe part which forms a diameter expansion channel for expanding the inside diameter of an exhaust gas channel gradually. It is gently connected by the part 2D. That is, an exhaust gas passage having an enlarged diameter passage on the upstream side of the catalyst 4 is formed by the first passage member 2 as an exhaust gas passage leading to the catalyst 4.
- the second flow path member 3 is a tubular member in which a penetrating portion that communicates inside and outside is not formed on the side surface.
- the first end portion (upstream end portion) 3A opens to the injection device 5 side, and is the second end opposite to the first end portion 3A.
- the end (downstream end) 3B opens into the exhaust gas passage. That is, the second flow path member 3 uses the reducing agent (diffused from the small holes 5A outside the exhaust gas flow path) injected by the injection device 5 more than the catalyst 4 (more specifically than the diffusion member 6). This is a so-called dosing pipe that forms a reducing agent passage leading to an upstream exhaust gas passage.
- the reduction is blocked (comparted) from the exhaust gas flow path from the first end 3A to the second end 3B.
- An agent flow path is formed.
- the second flow path member 3 is a circular pipe part that is coaxial with the third pipe part 2C (with the second axis C2 as the central axis).
- the second flow path member 3 is formed in a truncated cone shape in which the inner diameter of the reducing agent flow path is gradually enlarged toward the exhaust gas flow path, and the injected reducing agent is directly applied to the inner surface. It is configured so that it is hard to hit (so as not to corrode).
- the 2nd flow path member 3 is connected to the 2nd pipe part 2B in the 1st flow path member 2, and the reducing agent injected by the injection apparatus 5 is the waste gas which flows through the inside of the 2nd pipe part 2B. To join.
- the second flow path member 3 passes through a through portion (through hole) formed in the side wall of the second pipe portion 2B so as to protrude into the exhaust gas flow path (second flow path).
- the member 3 is inserted so that the tip of the member 3 is positioned at the center of the exhaust gas flow path.
- the outer peripheral surface of the second flow path member 3 is directly joined (welded) to the side wall of the second pipe portion 2B.
- the portion where the second flow path member 3 is inserted in the exhaust gas flow path is expanded so as to spread to both sides in the width direction when viewed from above, as shown in FIG. 1A.
- the exhaust gas flow channel formed between the first flow channel member 2 and the second flow channel member 3 has wider side portions on both sides in the width direction than the upper portion. Is formed. Therefore, the exhaust gas flowing from the first pipe portion 2A is likely to flow around the region F shown in FIG. 2C (regions formed on both sides in the width direction of the second flow path member 3).
- FIG. 7B described later a flow for scooping the reducing agent from the second flow path member 3 is generated.
- the catalyst 4 is an SCR (Selective Catalytic) having a function of reducing nitrogen oxides (NO x ).
- Reduction: selective catalyst reduction) type catalyst which is provided on the downstream side of the expanded diameter passage in the exhaust gas passage (specifically, in the fifth pipe portion 2E).
- the injection device 5 injects a liquid reducing agent and reduces it to the upstream side of the diffusion member 6 in the exhaust gas passage (specifically, in the second pipe portion 2B) via the second passage member 3. It functions as a supply device for supplying the agent.
- urea water is injected as a reducing agent. Strictly speaking, the urea water injected into the exhaust gas is hydrolyzed by the heat of the exhaust gas to generate ammonia (NH 3 ), and the ammonia thus generated functions as a reducing agent.
- urea water is also referred to as a reducing agent.
- the diffusing member 6 is for flowing out the exhaust gas flowing in from the upstream side so as to diffuse into the enlarged diameter flow path and suppressing the bias of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst 4 (approaching it uniformly). It is provided on the upstream side of the radial flow path (in the third pipe portion 2C).
- the diffusing member 6 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is formed by bending a single metal plate.
- the diffusing member 6 includes a main body portion 61, a plurality of blade portions 62, and a plurality of support portions 63.
- the support portion 63 is a protruding piece that extends upstream in the exhaust gas flow direction D, and protrudes radially outward from the main body portion 61 by being bent stepwise. For this reason, in a state where the diffusing member 6 is mounted in the third tube portion 2C, the outer surface of the support portion 63 is in contact with the inner surface of the third tube portion 2C, and the main body portion 61 and the inner surfaces of the third tube portion 2C. There is a gap between the two. And the main-body part 61 is supported by the support part 63 because the contact part of the support part 63 and the 3rd pipe part 2C is welded. That is, the diffusing member 6 is fixed to the third pipe portion 2C.
- the plurality of blade portions 62 are projecting pieces formed on the downstream side along the flow direction D of the exhaust gas.
- Each blade 62 is inclined with respect to the flow direction D of the exhaust gas by bending the tip, and guides the exhaust gas in a direction corresponding to the inclination.
- the direction of inclination of each blade 62 and the direction of inducing exhaust gas are set as follows.
- the vector E can be a vector from the root of each blade 62 to the tip.
- the in-plane component orthogonal to the exhaust gas flow direction D of the vector E is a vector X
- the exhaust gas passing through the diffusion member 6 is guided in the direction of the vector X in each blade 62, and as a result, the exhaust gas flowing into the diffusion member 6 is totally swirled counterclockwise in FIG. Occurs.
- the exhaust gas easily spreads into the diameter-enlarged flow path, and the bias of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst 4 is suppressed.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine is guided to the diffusion member 6 through the exhaust gas flow path, and is guided to the catalyst 4 after passing through the diffusion member 6.
- the reducing agent injected from the injection device 5 is guided to the central portion of the exhaust gas flow path by the reducing agent flow path, and then merges with the exhaust gas.
- the portion inserted into the exhaust gas flow path in the second flow path member 3 collides with the upper surface of the outer surface of the second flow path member 3 in the exhaust gas flowing from the first pipe portion 2A to the second pipe portion 2B. It has a function of guiding the exhausted gas so as to go around along the outer surface. For this reason, a swirling flow is generated near the tip of the second flow path member 3, and the reducing agent flowing out from the second flow path member 3 is scooped up and dispersed in the exhaust gas flow path.
- the exhaust gas purification apparatus 1 is inserted so that the second flow path member 3 protrudes into the exhaust gas flow path through the side wall of the first flow path member 2. That is, the second flow path member 3 is extended to the inside of the first flow path member 2. Therefore, according to the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 1, it is possible to suppress the uneven distribution of the reducing agent in the exhaust gas flow channel as compared with the configuration in which the second flow channel member 3 does not protrude into the exhaust gas flow channel.
- the diffusing member 6 has a function of suppressing the deviation of the exhaust gas in the diameter-enlarged flow path
- the diffusion member 6 has little effect of spreading the reducing agent that has flowed in the whole. It becomes easy to flow into the catalyst 4 as it is. In such a state, the exhaust gas purification effect by the catalyst 4 cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment as shown in FIG. 2A, it becomes possible to guide the reducing agent to the center of the exhaust gas flow path by the second flow path member 3, and the reduction in the exhaust gas flow path. The uneven distribution of the agent can be suppressed. Therefore, according to the exhaust gas purification apparatus 1, it is possible to suppress the uneven distribution of the reducing agent flowing into the catalyst 4.
- the second flow path member 3 forms a reducing agent flow path that is blocked from the exhaust gas flow path from the first end 3A to the second end 3B. Therefore, according to the exhaust gas purification apparatus 1, it is possible to guide the reducing agent to the central portion of the exhaust gas flow channel in a state where it is hardly affected by the flow of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow channel.
- the second flow path member 3 forms a reductant flow path that guides the reductant to the exhaust gas flow path upstream of the diffusion member 6. For this reason, after the bias of the distribution of the reducing agent in the exhaust gas flowing into the diffusion member 6 is suppressed by the second flow path member 3, the bias of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst 4 is suppressed. Therefore, according to the exhaust gas purification apparatus 1, the uneven distribution of the reducing agent flowing into the catalyst 4 can be effectively suppressed.
- the portion of the second flow path member 3 inserted into the exhaust gas flow path has a function of guiding the exhaust gas that has collided with the outer surface of the second flow path member 3 so as to go around the outer surface. . Therefore, according to the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 1, since the flow of the exhaust gas colliding with the outer surface of the second flow path member 3 is disturbed, the effect of dispersing the reducing agent joined from the second flow path member 3 can be obtained. .
- the portion of the exhaust gas flow channel where the second flow channel member 3 is inserted includes a first direction that is a flow direction of exhaust gas that collides with the outer surface of the second flow channel member 3, and a second flow channel.
- the member 3 is expanded so as to spread in a direction orthogonal to both the second direction which is the axial direction of the member 3. Therefore, according to the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 1, since the exhaust gas colliding with the outer surface of the second flow path member 3 is promoted to flow along the outer surface, the reducing agent joined from the second flow path member 3 is reduced. The effect of dispersing can be improved.
- FIG. 6B In the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 9 of the comparative example, the reducing agent (streamline in the figure) guided to the exhaust gas flow path is merged with the exhaust gas flowing in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the exhaust gas flow path. For this reason, the reducing agent does not easily reach the center of the exhaust gas flow path, and is biased downward. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 6C, the distribution (points in the figure) of the reducing agent (ammonia) on the end face of the catalyst 4 is biased.
- FIG. 6C corresponds to the VIC-VIC cross-sectional view of FIG. 6B.
- the reducing agent is guided to the center of the exhaust gas flow path by the second flow path member 3, and therefore biased toward the lower part of the exhaust gas flow path. Phenomenon is difficult to occur.
- the exhaust gas that has collided with the upper surface of the second flow path member 3 is guided so as to diverge left and right along the outer surface, a swirling flow having a high flow velocity is generated as shown in FIG.
- the reducing agent flowing out from the second flow path member 3 is scooped up and dispersed in the exhaust gas flow path. For this reason, as shown to FIG.
- FIG. 7C corresponds to a sectional view taken along the line VIIB-VIIB in FIG. 7A
- FIG. 7C corresponds to a sectional view taken along the line VIIC-VIIC in FIG. 7A.
- the second flow path member 3 is not limited to the shape exemplified in the above embodiment.
- 8A is a perspective view of a flow path member 31 of a first modified example that can be used in place of the second flow path member 3 described above
- FIG. 8B is a top view (plan view)
- FIG. 8C is a side view thereof.
- FIG. 8D is a diagram viewed from the axial direction and the downstream side.
- the flow path member 31 of the first modified example is different from the second flow path member 3 of the above-described embodiment in that a portion other than the upper surface 31A at the distal end portion is removed (notched). To do.
- the reducing agent is guided to the center of the exhaust gas flow path by the protruding upper surface 31A, and the reducing agent is scooped up by the swirling flow generated by the exhaust gas colliding with the upper surface 31A. Distributed in the road. Therefore, according to the flow path member 31 of the first modification, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 9A is a perspective view of a flow path member 32 of a second modification that can be used in place of the second flow path member 3 described above, and FIG. 9B is a top view (plan view) thereof.
- 9C is a side view thereof, and FIG. 9D is a sectional view taken along the line IXD-IXD of FIG. 9C.
- the flow path member 32 of the second modified example is different from the second flow path member 3 of the above-described embodiment in that a penetrating part 32A and a blade part 32B are formed on the upper surface.
- the penetration part 32A and the blade part 32B are formed by processing the upper surface.
- the blade portion 32B has a shape that is bent inward with the axial direction of the reducing agent flow path as a folding line, and has a function of guiding the exhaust gas flowing in from the through portion 32A so as to flow along the inner surface of the reducing agent flow path.
- the exhaust gas that has flowed in from the through portion 32A is guided so as to flow along the inner surface of the reducing agent flow path, the influence on the flow of the reducing agent can be reduced.
- the position, shape, number, etc. of the penetration part 32A and the blade part 32B are not particularly limited.
- FIG. 10A is a top view (plan view) of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 13 of the third modified example
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view at a position corresponding to FIG. 2B).
- the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 13 of the third modified example has the same basic configuration as that of the above embodiment, and the portion of the exhaust gas flow channel where the second flow channel member 3 is inserted extends to one side in the width direction when viewed from above. This is different from the above embodiment in that it is expanded.
- the waste gas flow path formed between the 1st flow path member 2 and the 2nd flow path member 3 is a width direction one side (this example right side) rather than an upper part.
- the side is wider. Therefore, the exhaust gas that has collided with the upper surface of the second flow path member 3 is guided so as to go to the right along the outer surface. As a result, a swirling flow is generated, and the reducing agent flowing out from the second flow path member 3 is scooped up and dispersed, so that the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
- the exhaust gas flow channel in which the curved flow channel is formed is assumed.
- the present invention is not limited to this and may be applied to a straight exhaust gas flow channel.
- 11A is a top view (plan view) of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus 14 of the fourth modification
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIB-XIB in FIG. 11A
- FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIC-XIC in FIG.
- the exhaust gas flow path is biased.
- the reducing agent is guided to the central portion of the exhaust gas flow path by the second flow path member 3, and on the outer surface of the second flow path member 3.
- the reducing agent is dispersed by the swirling flow generated by the collided exhaust gas. Therefore, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.
- the exhaust gas flow path and the reducing agent flow path of the above embodiment are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the side portion in order to form an exhaust gas flow channel between the first flow channel member 2 and the second flow channel member 3, the side portion is wider than the upper portion (collision side).
- a part of one flow path member 2 has a horizontally long shape
- at least a part of the second flow path member 3 may have a vertically long shape.
- the cross-sectional shape of the first flow path member 2 and the cross-sectional shape of the second flow path member 3 are not similar to each other, and the cross-sectional shape of the first flow path member 2 is the same as that of the second flow path member 3.
- the exhaust gas can easily flow around both sides of the second flow path member 3 in the width direction.
- the first tube portion 2A and the third tube portion 2C may have different inner diameters, and the third tube portion 2C, the fifth tube portion 2E, and the second flow path member 3 are It need not be coaxial.
- the cross section of the exhaust gas flow path and the reducing agent flow path may not be circular.
- the diameter-enlarging channel and the reducing agent channel may have a shape other than the truncated cone shape. For example, it is not limited to having an enlarged diameter channel, and may be an exhaust gas channel that does not have an enlarged diameter channel.
- the configuration in which the diffusing member 6 is provided on the upstream side of the enlarged diameter flow channel in the exhaust gas flow channel is exemplified.
- the configuration is not limited to this, and the diffusing member 6 is not provided. May be.
- the reducing agent is not limited to urea water, but may be any as long as it contributes to purification of exhaust gas in the catalyst.
- Each component of the present invention is conceptual and is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the functions of one component may be distributed to a plurality of components, or the functions of a plurality of components may be integrated into one component. Further, at least a part of the configuration of the above embodiment may be replaced with a known configuration having the same function.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Description
[1.構成]
排ガス浄化装置1は、自動車の内燃機関(例えばディーゼルエンジン)から排出された排ガスを浄化するためのものである。排ガス浄化装置1は、第1の流路部材2と、第2の流路部材3と、触媒4と、噴射装置5と、拡散部材6と、を備える。なお、以下の説明では、図2Aを基準に上下左右方向(鉛直方向及び水平方向)を表現するが、あくまでも説明の便宜上の表現であり、排ガス浄化装置1が設けられる向きは特に限定されない。
第3の管部2Cは、第1の管部2Aと内径が同じ直線状の円管部である。ただし、第3の管部2Cは、排ガスの流れる方向が第1の管部2Aと異なる。具体的には、第1の管部2Aは、排ガスが斜め下方へ流れる流路を形成し、第3の管部2Cは、排ガスが水平方向へ流れる流路を形成する。このため、第1の管部2Aと第3の管部2Cとは、側面視において円弧状に湾曲した形状の第2の管部2Bによって、なだらかに連結されている。
Reduction:選択触媒還元)方式の触媒であり、排ガス流路における拡径流路の下流側(具体的には第5の管部2E内)に設けられている。
次に、排ガス浄化装置1の作用について説明する。内燃機関から排出された排ガスは、排ガス流路によって拡散部材6へ導かれ、拡散部材6を通過した後に触媒4へ導かれる。一方、噴射装置5から噴射された還元剤は、還元剤流路によって排ガス流路の中心部まで導かれてから排ガスと合流する。
以上詳述した本実施形態によれば、以下の効果が得られる。
[A1]排ガス浄化装置1は、第2の流路部材3が第1の流路部材2の側壁を貫通して排ガス流路に突出するように挿入されている。つまり、第2の流路部材3が、第1の流路部材2の内部まで延長されている。したがって、排ガス浄化装置1によれば、第2の流路部材3が排ガス流路に突出していない構成と比較して、排ガス流路における還元剤の分布の偏りを抑制することができる。
次に、シミュレーション結果について説明する。図6Bに示すように、比較例の排ガス浄化装置9では、排ガス流路へ導かれた還元剤(図中の流線)が、排ガス流路における外周部付近を流れる排ガスと合流して流されるため、還元剤が排ガス流路における中心部まで到達しにくく、下部に偏ってしまう。このため、図6Cに示すように、触媒4の端面での還元剤(アンモニア)の分布(図中の点)が偏ったものとなる。なお、図6Cは、図6BのVIC-VIC断面図に相当する。
以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されることなく、種々の形態を採り得ることは言うまでもない。
[B8]本発明の各構成要素は概念的なものであり、上記実施形態に限定されない。例えば、1つの構成要素が有する機能を複数の構成要素に分散させたり、複数の構成要素が有する機能を1つの構成要素に統合したりしてもよい。また、上記実施形態の構成の少なくとも一部を、同様の機能を有する公知の構成に置き換えてもよい。
Claims (5)
- 触媒へ至る排ガス流路を形成する第1の流路部材と、
噴射装置により噴射された還元剤を前記触媒よりも上流側の前記排ガス流路へ導く還元剤流路を形成する第2の流路部材と、
を備え、
前記第2の流路部材は、前記第1の流路部材の側壁を貫通して前記排ガス流路に突出するように挿入されている
ことを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。 - 請求項1に記載の排ガス浄化装置であって、
前記第2の流路部材は、管状の部材であって、第1の端部が前記噴射装置側に開口し、前記第1の端部とは反対側の第2の端部が前記排ガス流路内に開口し、前記第1の端部から前記第2の端部まで前記排ガス流路から遮断された前記還元剤流路を形成する
ことを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。 - 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の排ガス浄化装置であって、
前記排ガス流路には、前記触媒よりも上流側に、前記触媒に流入する排ガスの偏りを抑制する拡散部材が設けられ、
前記第2の流路部材は、前記還元剤を前記拡散部材よりも上流側の前記排ガス流路へ導く前記還元剤流路を形成する
ことを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。 - 請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載の排ガス浄化装置であって、
前記第2の流路部材における前記排ガス流路に挿入された部分は、当該第2の流路部材の外面に衝突した排ガスを、当該外面に沿って回り込むように案内する機能を有する
ことを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。 - 請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の排ガス浄化装置であって、
前記排ガス流路における前記第2の流路部材が挿入された部分は、前記第2の流路部材の外面に衝突する排ガスの流れ方向である第1の方向と、前記第2の流路部材の軸方向である第2の方向と、のいずれにも直交する方向へ広がるように拡張されている
ことを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/762,272 US20150361853A1 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-12-20 | Exhaust gas purification device |
CN201380071346.4A CN104956041B (zh) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-12-20 | 排气净化装置 |
EP13872951.2A EP2949896B1 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-12-20 | Exhaust gas purification device |
JP2014558472A JP5977375B2 (ja) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-12-20 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
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JP2013-012220 | 2013-01-25 | ||
JP2013012220 | 2013-01-25 |
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WO2014115461A1 true WO2014115461A1 (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
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PCT/JP2013/084320 WO2014115461A1 (ja) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-12-20 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US20150361853A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2949896B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5977375B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104956041B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014115461A1 (ja) |
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US10227907B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2019-03-12 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc | Mixer and doser cone assembly |
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DE102014215084C5 (de) * | 2014-07-31 | 2023-10-05 | Purem GmbH | Injektionseinrichtung und zugehöriges Herstellungsverfahren |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2949896A4 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
US20150361853A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
JPWO2014115461A1 (ja) | 2017-01-26 |
EP2949896A1 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
CN104956041B (zh) | 2017-10-03 |
JP5977375B2 (ja) | 2016-08-24 |
EP2949896B1 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
CN104956041A (zh) | 2015-09-30 |
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