WO2014091440A1 - 空间紧凑型多层公路收费站 - Google Patents

空间紧凑型多层公路收费站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014091440A1
WO2014091440A1 PCT/IB2013/060849 IB2013060849W WO2014091440A1 WO 2014091440 A1 WO2014091440 A1 WO 2014091440A1 IB 2013060849 W IB2013060849 W IB 2013060849W WO 2014091440 A1 WO2014091440 A1 WO 2014091440A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
toll
area
channel
fast
shaped
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PCT/IB2013/060849
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许军
解洪兴
许显斌
Original Assignee
Xu Jun
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xu Jun filed Critical Xu Jun
Priority to CN201380031351.2A priority Critical patent/CN104641041B/zh
Publication of WO2014091440A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014091440A1/zh
Priority to GBGB1511081.0A priority patent/GB201511081D0/en

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/002Design or lay-out of roads, e.g. street systems, cross-sections ; Design for noise abatement, e.g. sunken road
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07BTICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the design of a multi-layer road toll station.
  • the present invention relates to the layout optimization of the toll lanes of each layer of a multi-layer road toll station.
  • the capacity of a toll booth is usually determined by several factors: the charging efficiency of each charging window, the number of charging channels and charging windows, and the interference factors between the various charging channels.
  • ETC Electronic Toll Collection
  • EP 0 282 892 A3 discloses a composite toll channel. With this configuration, it is desirable to increase the processing capacity of a toll channel through a plurality of toll gates that are parallel in parallel.
  • Figure 1 shows the comparison between the single toll gate toll channel ( ⁇ and the toll gate toll channel C 2 ), where C 2 is longer than the length of d (that is, the vehicle passes C 2 More than this distance.
  • Figure 2 shows a large number of vehicles passing through the toll channels of Figure 1 ( ⁇ and (: 2 ) distribution of time.
  • the following car is represented by ⁇ / n+1 .
  • 1, 2, 3 ...
  • the average time for the T f express train to pass c 2 does not include the need for the express train to wait for the same group of local trains.
  • Another composite type toll channel is disclosed in the patent document CN 101492903A.
  • the efficiency of the toll gate does not increase substantially; on the contrary, due to the congestion of the exit, it is likely that the efficiency of the two toll channels will decrease; the vehicles entering the main lane will face The shunting of multiple composite tolls can benefit from the efficiency gains brought by the parallel mechanism.
  • all the single lines are queued in the main lane before entering the compound toll gate, there is a clear chance of unevenness in each double toll gate: The farther away from the main lane entrance, the more likely it is that there is an empty condition.
  • a double-deck toll station as shown in Figure 3 overcomes the deficiencies of the above technical solutions.
  • the two toll zones each have an independent entrance channel and a separate exit channel; the two entrance channels are parallel to each other, there is no competition conflict; the two exit channels are also parallel to each other, there is no competition conflict.
  • the separation zone between the two toll zones is an S-shaped curve.
  • One of the toll zones has a "bow” shape close to the capital letter “D”, and the other toll zone is surrounded by two approximately parallel "S"-shaped curves. In the present invention, it is called a "double S" shape. region.
  • the size of the toll area needs to take into account the basic length necessary for each toll channel.
  • L It is necessary to ensure that the waiting space before the vehicle enters the toll channel and the safe space after leaving the toll channel are reserved.
  • the toll area must be able to accommodate an approximate rectangular shape with the basic length L of the single toll channel as one side, the width of the toll group as the other side, and the arcs on both sides narrowed.
  • the basic area A Only this basic length L is guaranteed to ensure that the vehicle is in principle not affected by vehicles entering and leaving other toll lanes when entering and leaving a toll gate.
  • the floor space of a multi-layer toll station consists of two "bow" shaped toll areas, two "double S" shaped toll areas, and the corresponding area of the fast entrance and exit channels.
  • the length of the site of the entire toll station must be adapted to the number of layers of the toll booth.
  • the present invention makes the following improvements.
  • the charging groups in the "double S"-shaped charging area are arranged in a wrong order according to the inclination direction of the "S"-shaped boundary. This misalignment causes the individual toll passages to form an inclination of ⁇ with the vertical line of the center axis of the toll booth.
  • the improved multi-layer highway toll station includes 3 to 5 charging zones in a single driving direction, including a "bow" shaped charging area, and the rest is a “double S" shaped charging area; Separated by "S" shaped fences, each toll area contains 3 to 10 side-by-side toll channels, each of which is connected to a separate express entrance channel and a separate express exit channel; The various toll channels in the double S"-shaped toll area are arranged in a row according to the oblique direction of the boundary of the toll area.
  • the preferred range of this angle ⁇ is 10° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 45 °; the optimal solution is 30°.
  • the number of layers of the toll booth is selected from 3 to 5 layers, which is an optimization based on actual conventional needs. Because each toll area has separate fast lanes and too many layers, it will consume too much valuable space.
  • 3 to 10 toll lanes are arranged for each toll area, which also takes into account the matching of the overall processing capacity of each toll gate with the capacity of the fast entry and exit lanes.
  • the number of toll gates can be 3-4.
  • Figure 4 shows the basic area A required for a conventional charging group, which has a basic length of L; after being misaligned, it becomes the shape of Figure 5, and the basic area A is deformed to A'.
  • the double S-shaped charging area in Fig. 6 must include a basic area A; and the double S-shaped charging area in Fig. 7 needs to include the basic area A' after the misplacement change ; therefore, the double S-shaped area of Fig. 7 can With less area, the portion of Ax display is the portion that is reduced relative to Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 further shows the relationship between this misalignment angle ⁇ and the vertical line of the central axis of the toll booth.
  • the invention also claims a method for establishing a temporary fast track in a multi-story highway toll station, the method being used to quickly establish a temporary passage when a fast entrance passage or a fast exit passage is blocked due to an accident;
  • the method includes the following steps: a) determining whether the fast lane in which the accident occurred is in the immediate vicinity of another charging area or another fast lane; b) if it is in the immediate vicinity of another fast lane, the middle fence separating the two fast lanes Move to the other side of the other fast channel while changing the channel on the other side of the other fast channel to its temporary channel; if the channel on the other side is still a fast channel, repeat step b c) If it is in the immediate vicinity of another charging area, the adjacent boundary toll channel in the toll area is changed to a temporary fast track, and the boundary fence of the toll area is correspondingly retracted and
  • FIG. 1 shows a single channel d tollgate comparison of charges between the charge port 2 and the double-channel charge c.
  • Figure 2 shows a large number of vehicles passing through the toll lanes of Figure 1 ( ⁇ and (: 2 ) distribution of time.
  • Figure 3 shows the structure of a two-tier toll station.
  • Figure 4 shows the basic area A required for a conventional toll channel, with a basic length of L.
  • Figure 5 shows the corresponding change in the basic area after the misalignment of the toll channel: from A to A' in Figure 4 ; the basic length is unchanged.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the design of a "bow” shaped toll area and a "double S" shaped toll area that must contain a basic area A.
  • Figure 7 shows the situation where the area of the "double S" shaped toll area is changed from A to A' and the footprint is reduced by Ax.
  • Figure 8 shows the relationship between the misalignment angle ⁇ and the vertical line of the toll center's central axis 5000.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a three-tier toll station using misalignment changes.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the fast channel changing to the temporary fast track in the immediate vicinity of the fast channel because of an accident.
  • Figure 11 is an embodiment of establishing a temporary passage when an accident occurs in a three-tier toll booth.
  • Figure 8 shows an embodiment in which a two-tier toll station employs a misalignment change.
  • the toll groups in the "double S" shaped toll area are arranged in an angular ⁇ misalignment.
  • This angle is the angle formed by the diagonal lines formed by the misplacement of the various toll lanes and the vertical line of the center axis 5000 of the toll booth.
  • the choice of the angle size needs to consider the slope of the S-shaped fence, the difficulty of turning the vehicle, and the necessary area of the waiting area. After our calculation, this angle range is preferably between 10° and 45°; the preferred angle is around 30°.
  • Figure 9 is an embodiment of a complete three-tier toll booth.
  • the three floors on the left side of the toll booth are divided into three toll zones according to the direction of driving: "Double S" shaped toll area 21; "Bow” shaped toll area 22; "Double S” shaped toll area 23.
  • the third floor on the right side of the toll station is divided into three charging areas according to the driving direction: "Double S" shaped charging area 11; "Bow” shaped charging area 12; "Double S” shaped charging area 13.
  • the entrance passage of the toll zone 12 is the expressway 120; the entrance passage of the toll zone 13 is the expressway 130.
  • the reason why it is called the fast track is based on two characteristics: one is that the channel is not interfered with the running conditions of vehicles entering and leaving other toll zones; the other is that the channel is at least 30% wider than the conventional lane. These two guarantees The vehicle can quickly enter or leave the fast track.
  • Figure 10 shows an unexpected situation.
  • the two cars entering the fast track are rear-end 999 at the entrance, causing the entrance channel 120 to be inaccessible.
  • the entrance channel 120 is inaccessible.
  • by changing the toll channel adjacent to the entrance passage to the temporary entrance passage 120' it is possible to enable the subsequent vehicle to enter the upper toll area without waiting for the accident to be handled, and the trouble point is cleared.
  • Figure 11 shows an embodiment of a three-tier toll booth.
  • the toll areas 11, 13 are located before and after the toll area 12, respectively.
  • the two cars entering the fast entrance lane 130 of the toll area 13 collide, causing the channels in the fast lane 130 to be in front of and following the collision point 999 to continue to be used.
  • the fence 5113 on the left side of the fast lane 130 is adjusted to become the left side fence of the fast lane 230; thus the quick exit passage 230 of the original toll area 11 becomes the temporary entrance passage 130' of the toll area 13;
  • the boundary toll lane adjacent to the expressway 230 in the toll area 12 is changed to the temporary exit passage 230' of the toll area 11; accordingly, the fence 5112 separating the toll areas 11 and 12 needs to be adjusted to the left side of the temporary passage 230'.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种多层公路收费站,在单个行车方向上包含有3-5层收费区,其中包括一个"D"形收费区域(12、22),其余为"双S"形收费区域(11、13、21、23),不同层的收费区域之间以"S"形的栅栏隔离,每个收费区域都具有一个独立的入口通道(130)和一个独立的出口通道(230)。每个收费区域包括3-10个并列的收费通道,而位于"双S"形收费区域(11、13、21、23)的收费通道沿着收费区边界的倾斜方向依次错位设置。

Description

空间紧凑型多层公路收费站
技术领域 本发明涉及多层式公路收费站的设计。特别地,本发明涉及多层式公路收费站各 层收费通道的布局优化。通过调整双 S形收费区域内收费通道的位置布局, 可以 显著减少双 s形收费区域所需占地面积。
背景技术 传统常见的公路收费站一般都设计成与公路走向基本垂直的、一字排列面向车辆 的多个收费通道。 每个收费通道只有一个收费窗口。
收费站的通行能力通常由下列几个因素决定: 各个收费窗口的收费效率、收费通 道和收费窗口的数量, 以及各个收费通道之间的干扰因素。
ETC ( Electronic Toll Collection , 不停车收费) ***的采用可以显著提高单个收费 窗口的收费速度。
要增加收费通道和收费窗口的数量, 对于传统的收费站设计方法, 只有增加收费 站的占地宽度; 另一种增加收费窗口的方法是利用复式或者多层式收费口布局。 现有技术 1
一件欧洲专利申请, EP 0282892A3 , 披露了一种复合式收费通道。 这种结构, 通 过前后并行的多个收费口, 期望增加一条收费通道的处理能力。
然而,一条具有复合收费口的收费通道的处理能力并不是简单地随着收费口的增 加而同比例地增加。 实际上, 最慢的那个收费口会拖后腿。
图 1显示了单收费口收费通道 (^与复式收费口收费通道 C2之间的对比情况。 其 中, C2的长度比 d的长度多出一段距离 ώ(, 也就意味着车辆通过 C2比 要多 走这一段距离。
图 2显示了大量车辆分别通过图 1中收费通道 (^和(:2所用时间的分布曲线。 这 里,通过 的车辆表示为 \/n,其中 n =1, 2, 3 相应地, \„后面紧随的车以 \/n+1 表示。
对于复式收费通道 C2,通过 C2的车辆可以划分为一对一对的车组:( V2), ( V3, V4), ( V5, V6) ... 相应地, 每一车组可以表述为 (\/2„—, \/2„), 其中 η = 1, 2, 3 ... 图 2中各个标记的含义如下
标 i己 含义 备注
Lo 通过 (^的车辆分布曲线
To 车辆通过 的平均时间
Ls 通过 (:2的慢车分布曲线
Ts 慢车通过 C2的平均时间
Lf 通过 (:2的快车分布曲线
Tf 快车通过 c2的平均时间 不包括快车等待同 组的慢车所需要的
Lx 通过 c2的所有车辆分布曲线
时间
Τχ 所有车辆通过 c2的平均时间 tx 所有车辆通过距离图 1中(^所需的平均时间 这里,慢车是指一个车组中相对较慢的那一辆车;快车则是相对较快的另一辆车。 值得注意的是, 收费通道 c2的处理能力是由那些相对较慢的车决定的, 也就是 取决于 这个时间因子。 图 2中存在下列关系:
To < Tf < Tx < Ts 时间因子 Ts的拖累有可能抵消并行机制所带来的积极效果; 因此, 通过采取复 式收费通道的方法并不能显著提高, 至少不能如预期地、成倍数地提高收费通道 的效率。 现有技术 2
专利文件 CN 101492903A公开了另一种复合型收费通道。其中, 车辆通过输出道 和复合道时,其收费口的效率并没有任何实质性提高;相反, 由于出口拥挤不堪, 很有可能导致这两个收费通道的效率下降;进入主车道的车辆则面对多个复合收 费口的分流, 得以受益于并行机制带来的效率提升。然而, 由于车辆在进入复合 收费口前全部单线排队等候在主车道上, 各个复式收费口存在明显的机会不平 等: 离主车道入口越远的收费口, 越有可能存在空等的情况发生。
很显然,采用复式收费方式必须要考虑车辆进出这些收费口前后是否存在干扰情 况。 图 3所示的一种双层收费站克服了上述技术方案的缺陷。在同一行车方向有两个 收费通道组, 一前一后位于相互隔离的两个收费区域。这两个收费区各有一个独 立的入口通道和一个独立的出口通道; 两个入口通道彼此并行, 没有竞争冲突; 两个出口通道也彼此并行, 没有竞争冲突。
这两个收费区之间的隔离带为 S形曲线。其中一个收费区的形状为接近大写字母 " D "的 "弓"形, 另一个收费区由两条近似平行的 " S "形曲线围成, 在本发明 中, 称之为 "双 S "形区域。
发明内容 首先需要澄清收费区域所需的面积大小应考虑的基本因素。
收费区域的面积大小需要考虑到每条收费通道所必需的基本长度 L: 需要确保预 留有车辆进入收费通道前的等待空间和驶离收费通道后的安全空间。
对于一组收费通道并列排布的情形,收费区域必须可以容纳一个以单个收费通道 的基本长度 L为一边, 以收费组的宽度为另一边的, 两侧弧形收窄的近似矩形, 称之为基本区域 A: 只有这个基本长度 L得到保障, 才能确保车辆在进入和驶 离某个收费通道的时候原则上不受进入和驶离其他收费通道的车辆的影响。 图 3中, 多层式收费站的占地面积由两个 "弓"形收费区域、 两个 "双 S "形收 费区域, 以及相应的快速入口通道和出口通道所占面积组成。
由于要满足基本区域 A的需求,必然要求整个收费站的场地长度和收费站的层数 相适应。
为了合理地缩小收费区域的面积, 本发明做出如下改进。
"双 S "形收费区域内的收费组依照 " S "形边界的倾斜方向, 依次错位排列。 这种错位使得各个收费通道口与收费站的中轴线的垂直线形成一个角度为 φ 的 倾斜。
经过上述改进后的多层公路收费站, 在单个行车方向上包含有 3至 5层收费区, 其中包括一个 "弓"形收费区域, 其余为 "双 S "形收费区域; 不同层的收费区 域之间以" S "形的栅栏分隔,每个收费区域包含 3至 10个并列排布的收费通道, 每个收费区域都连接至一个独立的快速入口通道和一个独立的快速出口通道;位 于 "双 S "形收费区域内的各个收费通道依照收费区边界的倾斜方向依次错位排 布。
为了兼顾收费通道前的等待区域的空间需求,以及车辆转弯的难易程度等多个因 素, 这个角度 φ的优选范围为 10° < φ < 45 ° ; 其中最优方案为 30° 。 需要说明的是, 收费站的层数选择为 3至 5层, 是基于实际常规需求所优化的选 择。 因为每个收费区域出入口都要有独立的快速通道, 层数太多, 反而会消耗太 多宝贵的场地宽度。
另外, 每个收费区域布置 3至 10个收费通道, 也是综合考虑了各个收费口的总 体处理能力与快速入口通道和出口通道的通行能力的匹配。当采用 ETC等快速收 费手段时, 收费口的数量可以选择 3-4个。
对于 "弓 "形收费区域, 采用上述倾斜措施并不能明显减少该收费区域的面积需 求。 但是可以增大收费通道前等待区域的面积, 依然具有积极意义。
图 4显示了一个常规收费组所需的基本区域 A, 其基本长度为 L; 经过错位排列 后, 变成了图 5的形状, 基本区域 A变形为 A'。
从图 6和图 7的对比, 可以清楚地看到这种错位排列所带来的有益效果。
图 6中的双 S形收费区域必须包含一个基本区域 A; 而图 7中的双 S形收费区域 需要包含的是经过错位变化后的基本区域 A'; 因此, 图 7的双 S形区域可以用更 少的面积, 其中 Ax显示的部分就是相对于图 6所减少的部分。
图 8 进一步显示了这个错位角度 φ与收费站的中轴线的垂直线之间的关系。 本发明同时要求保护一种在多层公路收费站中建立临时快速通道的方法,所述方 法用于在某个快速入口通道或快速出口通道因意外事故发生阻断时迅速建立一 个临时通道; 所述方法包括下列步骤: a) 判断发生事故的快速通道是紧邻另一个收费区域,还是另一条快速通道; b) 如果是紧邻另一条快速通道的情形, 则将分隔这两条快速通道的中间栅 栏移到所述另一条快速通道的另一边,同时将所述另一条快速通道的另 一侧的通道变为其临时通道; 如果所述另一侧的通道仍然是一条快速通道, 则重复步骤 b〕; c) 如果是紧邻另一个收费区域的情形, 则将该收费区域中紧邻的边界收费 通道改为临时快速通道, 该收费区域的边界栅栏则相应地回缩调整。
附图简要说明 图 1显示了单收费口收费通道 d与复式收费口收费通道 c2之间的对比情况。 图 2显示了大量车辆分别通过图 1中收费通道 (^和(:2所用时间的分布曲线。 图 3显示的是一种两层收费站的结构。
图 4一组常规收费通道所需要的基本区域 A, 其基本长度为 L。
图 5显示的是收费通道经过错位变化后,基本区域的相应变化:从图 4的 A变为 A'; 基本长度不变。
图 6显示了 "弓"形收费区域和 "双 S"形收费区域的设计都必须包含一个基本 区域 A的示意图。
图 7显示了 "双 S"形收费区域中的基本区域由 A变成 A'后, 占地面积减少了 Ax的情形。
图 8 显示了错位角度 φ与收费站的中轴线 5000的垂直线之间的关系。
图 9是采用了错位变化的一种三层收费站的布局示意图。
图 10显示的是快速通道因为意外发生后, 将紧邻快速通道的收费通道改为临时 快速通道的示意图。
图 11是三层收费站中发生意外事故时, 建立临时通道的实施例。
具体实施方式 图 8显示的是一种双层收费站采用错位变化的实施例。
图中只显示了收费站的一侧。"双 S"形收费区域中的收费组以角度 φ错位排列。 这个角度是各个收费通道因所述的错位排布而形成的斜线与收费站的中轴线 5000的垂直线所形成的一个夹角。这个角度大小的选择需要考虑 S形栅栏的倾 斜情况, 车辆的转弯难易程度, 以及等候区的必要面积。 经过我们的测算, 这个 角度范围以 10° 至 45 ° 之间为宜; 优选的角度为 30° 左右。
图 9是一个完整的三层收费站的实施例。
收费站左侧三层, 按行车方向, 依次划分为三个收费区域: "双 S"形收费区域 21; "弓"形收费区域 22; "双 S"形收费区域 23。
收费站右侧三层, 按行车方向, 依次划分为三个收费区域: "双 S"形收费区域 11; "弓"形收费区域 12; "双 S"形收费区域 13。
收费区 12的入口通道是快速通道 120; 收费区 13的入口通道是快速通道 130。 之所以称之为快速通道, 是基于两个特点:一是这个通道不受进出其他收费区的 车辆运行状况的干扰; 二是这个通道比常规的行车道要宽至少 30%。这两点保证 了车辆可以快速驶入或驶离这个快速通道。
确保快速通道(包括入口通道和出口通道)的畅通无阻, 是发挥多层收费站并行 效力的关键点。
然而, 现实中无法保证这些关键节点不会发生意外。 当意外事故发生时, 必须要 尽快建立一条新的临时通道, 以防止一片收费区整体停止运作。
图 10显示了一种意外情形。 进入快速通道的两辆车在入口处 999追尾, 导致入 口通道 120无法通行。这时,通过将邻接入口通道的收费通道改为临时入口通道 120', 可以使后续的车辆能够进入上面的收费区, 而不用等到事故得到处理, 故 障点清除后。
很显然, 这种临时改变需要将分隔两个收费区的栅栏进行临时调整。
为了使这个临时通道不至于因为太窄而严重影响车辆的通行速度,有必要将临近 快速通道的收费通道的宽度加宽至接近快速通道的程度。
图 11显示的是一个三层收费站的实施例。
收费区域 11, 13分别位于收费区域 12的前后。 进入收费区域 13的快速入口通 道 130的两辆车发生碰撞,导致快速通道 130中位于碰撞点 999前后的通道无法 继续使用。
由于快速通道 130的左侧为收费区域 11的快速出口通道 230, 要建立临时通道 必须经过两步调整:
调整快速通道 130左侧的栅栏 5113,使其变成快速通道 230的左侧栅栏; 这样原来收费区域 11的快速出口通道 230就变成了收费区域 13的临时 入口通道 130' ;
将收费区域 12中邻近快速通道 230的边界收费通道变成收费区域 11的 临时出口通道 230' ; 相应地, 分隔收费区域 11和 12的栅栏 5112则需要 调整连接到临时通道 230'的左侧。
对于超过 3层的 n层收费站, 由于在一个方向上通常只能有一个 "弓"形收费区, "双 S"形收费区域的数量为 n-1; 此时, 在 "双 S"形收费区内采取错位排列措 施, 收费站的整体长度能得到的节省就比较可观了。在宽度不变的情况下, 可以 显著节省占地面积。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种多层公路收费站, 在单个行车方向上包含有 3至 5层收费区, 其中包括 一个 "弓"形收费区域, 其余为 "双 S"形收费区域, 不同层的收费区域之 间以" S"形的栅栏分隔,每个收费区域包含 3至 10个并列排布的收费通道, 每个收费区域都连接至一个独立的快速入口通道和一个独立的快速出口通道, 其特征在于, 位于 "双 S"形收费区域内的各个收费通道依照收费区边界的 倾斜方向依次错位排布。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的多层公路收费站, 其特征在于, 所述位于 "双 S"形 收费区域内的各个收费通道因所述的错位排布而形成的斜线与收费站的中轴 线的垂直线形成一个夹角 φ。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的多层公路收费站, 其特征在于, 所述的角度 φ的取值 范围为: 10° < φ < 45° ; 优选地, φ= 30° 。
4. 根据权利要求 1至 3之一所述的多层公路收费站,其特征在于,所述每个"双 S"形收费区域中与某个快速入口通道或某个快速出口通道紧邻的那个边界收 费通道是加宽的。
5. 根据权利要求 1至 3之一所述的多层公路收费站, 所述收费站包括双向并列 的两个收费方向, 其特征在于, 位于两个收费方向上的所述 "弓"形收费区 域内的收费通道邻接在一起, 形成一条直线。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的多层公路收费站, 其特征在于, 所述直线与收费站的 中轴线垂直。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的多层公路收费站, 其特征在于, 所述 "弓"形收费区 域内的收费通道全部是双向收费车道。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的多层公路收费站, 其特征在于, 所述 "弓"形收费区 域内的收费通道中靠近两侧快速出口通道的边界收费通道是加宽的。
9. 在前述权利要求之一所述的多层公路收费站中建立临时快速通道的方法, 所 述方法用于在某个快速入口通道或快速出口通道因意外事故发生阻断时迅速 建立一个临时通道; 所述方法包括下列步骤: a) 判断发生事故的快速通道是紧邻另一个收费区域,还是另一条快速通道; b) 如果是紧邻另一条快速通道的情形,则将分隔这两条快速通道的中间栅 栏移到所述另一条快速通道的另一边,同时将所述另一条快速通道的另 一侧的通道变为其临时通道; 如果所述另一侧的通道仍然是一条快速通道, 则重复步骤 b〕; c) 如果是紧邻另一个收费区域的情形,则将该收费区域中紧邻的边界收费 通道改为临时快速通道, 该收费区域的边界栅栏则相应地回缩调整。
PCT/IB2013/060849 2012-12-12 2013-12-12 空间紧凑型多层公路收费站 WO2014091440A1 (zh)

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