WO2013189309A1 - 含功能性microRNA/siRNA的细胞微粒子及其应用 - Google Patents

含功能性microRNA/siRNA的细胞微粒子及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2013189309A1
WO2013189309A1 PCT/CN2013/077705 CN2013077705W WO2013189309A1 WO 2013189309 A1 WO2013189309 A1 WO 2013189309A1 CN 2013077705 W CN2013077705 W CN 2013077705W WO 2013189309 A1 WO2013189309 A1 WO 2013189309A1
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mir
sirna
microrna
functional
site
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张辰宇
曾科
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北京命码生科科技有限公司
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Priority to EP13807063.6A priority Critical patent/EP2865393B1/en
Priority to US14/410,492 priority patent/US10308932B2/en
Priority to CN201380032773.1A priority patent/CN104411339B/zh
Publication of WO2013189309A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013189309A1/zh

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Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of medicine, and in particular relates to new applications of functional microRNAs/siRNAs, and more particularly to cellular microparticles containing functional microRNA/SiRNA and their use. Background technique
  • MicroRNAs are a class of single-stranded small RNA molecules of about 19-23 nucleotides in the non-coding region of the genome. They are highly evolutionarily conserved and can inhibit gene expression by inhibiting the translation process of target genes. It is closely related to many normal physiological activities of animals, such as biological individual development, tissue differentiation, apoptosis and energy metabolism, and is also closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. Since the discovery of l in-4 and let-7, which have been involved in the regulation of nematode timing development, microRNAs have gradually become a research hotspot for regulating mRNA stability and protein translation. They were selected into Science Magazine's Top Ten Technology in 2002 and 2003 respectively. breakthrough.
  • microRNAs can regulate at least 5,300 human genes, or 30% of all genes. With the deepening of research, more and more microRNAs have been discovered, and the relationship between microRNA and tumor has become the focus of research. Several microRNAs have been found to express negatively regulated genes with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lung cancer, and breast cancer. Colon cancer is highly correlated.
  • RNA interference RNA interference
  • RNA interference is a way of post-transcriptional regulation of genes.
  • siRNA can specifically recognize its target gene and recruit a protein complex called RNA induced silencing complex (RISC).
  • RISC contains ribonuclease and the like, and specifically and efficiently inhibits gene expression by targeting cleavage of homologous mRNA. Since RNA interference technology can specifically eliminate or turn off the expression of specific genes, this technology has been widely used in biomedical experimental research and treatment of various diseases.
  • MicroRNA and siRNA are involved in disease treatment
  • Sclerotherapy (or ALS); it can treat hepatitis C by down-regulating miR-122 expression in the liver; loss of miR-15 and miR-16 and subsequent Bcl-2 overexpression are chronic lymphoids in humans
  • CLL leukemia
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a use of a functional microRNA and/or siRNA for preparing a composition for administration to a mammal, the composition forming cell microparticles in a first part of the animal and transporting it to a second a portion, thereby improving a physiological state of the second portion or treating a disease of the second portion, wherein the second portion is different from the first portion.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an ectopic treatment method comprising the steps of: administering a microRNA and/or siRNA to a first site to treat a disease in a second site, for an object in need of treatment.
  • the method is advantageous for diversifying the administration mode, overcoming the problem of inconvenient administration in some places, and is advantageous for finding the most suitable administration mode for the treatment subject.
  • a functional microRNA and/or siRNA for the preparation of a composition for administration to a mammal, the composition forming cell microparticles in a first part of the animal And being transported to the second site to improve the physiological state of the second site or to treat the disease of the second site, wherein the second site is different from the first site.
  • a functional microRNA and/or siRNA for the preparation of a composition for administration to a mammal, the composition forming cell microparticles in a first part of the animal And being transported to a second site to regulate expression of a target gene of a functional microRNA and/or siRNA in the second site, wherein the second site is different from the first site.
  • the target gene comprises: MY (:, K-ras, CCND2, cdk6, E2F3, MEK2, ERK5,
  • the site comprises cells, tissues and/or organs.
  • the first portion is remote from the second portion.
  • the use of a functional microRNA and/or siRNA encapsulated by cell microparticles is used to prepare a composition for treating a disease in a site that does not produce microparticles of the cell.
  • the functional microRNA is an animal microRNA or an expression vector thereof, a plant microRNA or an expression vector thereof, or a microbial microRNA or an expression vector thereof, or a combination thereof; or the functional microRNA is natural a microRNA or an expression vector thereof, a synthetic microRNA or an expression vector thereof, or a combination thereof;
  • the functional siRNA is an animal siRNA or an expression vector thereof, a plant siRNA or an expression vector thereof, or a microbial siRNA or an expression vector thereof, or a combination thereof; or the functional siRNA is a natural siRNA or an expression vector thereof, artificial Synthetic siRNA or its expression vector, or a combination thereof.
  • the expression vector comprises: a plasmid vector, an adenoviral vector, a lentiviral vector, a retroviral vector or an inducible expression vector.
  • the first site comprises: liver, lung, gastrointestinal tract, breast, kidney, brain, spleen, lymph, thyroid, reproductive organs, blood cells or lymphocytes; and/or
  • the second part includes: brain, pineal gland, pituitary, eyelid, ear, nose, mouth, pharynx, parotid gland, tonsil, esophagus, trachea, thyroid, thymus, breast, lung, heart, stomach, intestine, appendix , liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, vas deferens, prostate, penis, testes, anus, bones, muscles, connective tissue, nerves, lymph, colorectal, blood , bone marrow, or skin.
  • the first site comprises: liver, lung, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, blood cells, lymph.
  • the disease comprises a functional microRNA and/or siRNA-specific related disease, including but not limited to: a tumor, an acute or chronic infectious disease, or other acute or chronic disease.
  • the acute and chronic infectious diseases include: viral influenza, viral hepatitis, AIDS, viral diseases of SARS, bacterial diseases (such as tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia), and various other pathogenic microorganisms. Acute and chronic infectious diseases
  • the other acute and chronic diseases include: respiratory diseases, immune system diseases, blood and hematopoietic diseases, circulatory diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, endocrine system metabolic diseases, digestive diseases, Nervous system diseases, urinary system diseases, reproductive system diseases and sports system diseases.
  • the composition is administered orally, respirably, by injection, transdermally, mucosally, or intraventricularly.
  • a method of producing a microparticle of a cell comprising the steps of: administering a functional microRNA and/or siRNA to a mammal and ingesting it, thereby in a certain part of the mammal
  • the functional microRNA and/or siRNA are encapsulated to form cellular microparticles.
  • the cellular microparticles are releasable and can be delivered to another location.
  • the modes of administration include oral, respiratory, injection, transdermal, mucosal, and intraluminal administration.
  • the site comprises: cells, tissues and/or organs.
  • the certain portion is the first portion of the invention.
  • the other portion is the second portion of the invention.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (1) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; and (2) a functional microRNA and/or siRNA; wherein the microRNA and/or siRNA are provided After administration to a mammal, it is encapsulated in a certain part of the mammal to form cell microparticles.
  • the site comprises cells, tissues and/or organs.
  • the microparticles of the cells can be transported to another site and function at the other site.
  • the certain portion is the first portion of the invention.
  • the other portion is the second portion of the invention.
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprises: a tablet, a capsule, a powder, a pill, a granule, a syrup, a solution, a suspension, an emulsion, a suspension, a spray, an aerosol, and a powder.
  • Aerosol volatile liquid, injection, powder injection, topical solution, lotion, pour, tincture, babu paste, plaster, rubber ointment, ointment, plaster, paste, eye drops, drops Nasal, ophthalmic ointment, gargle, sublingual tablet, or suppository.
  • a method of treatment comprising the steps of: administering a functional microRNA and/or siRNA to a subject in need of treatment, thereby treating a second part of the disease, wherein the second part Different from the first part.
  • the method comprises the steps of: administering to the subject in need of treatment, a microRNA and/or siRNA at a first site, the microRNA and/or siRNA being ingested and encapsulated to form a microparticle of the cell, Delivery to the second site to treat the disease in the second site.
  • the functional microRNA and/or siRNA are administered by oral, respiratory, injection, transdermal, mucosal, or intraventricular administration.
  • the first portion is remote from the second portion.
  • the second portion is a lesion site.
  • a method of treatment comprising the steps of: administering a pharmaceutical composition according to the fourth aspect of the invention to a subject in need of treatment, thereby treating a disease in said subject.
  • the subject in need of treatment comprises a human.
  • the disease comprises a microRNA and/or siRNA-specific related disease, including but not limited to: a tumor, an acute or chronic infectious disease or other acute and chronic diseases, wherein the acute and chronic infectious diseases
  • infectious diseases include: viral diseases such as viral influenza, viral hepatitis, AIDS, SARS, bacterial diseases (such as tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia), and acute and chronic infectious diseases caused by various other pathogenic microorganisms;
  • viral diseases such as viral influenza, viral hepatitis, AIDS, SARS, bacterial diseases (such as tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia), and acute and chronic infectious diseases caused by various other pathogenic microorganisms;
  • respiratory diseases such as viral influenza, viral hepatitis, AIDS, SARS, bacterial diseases (such as tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia), and acute and chronic infectious diseases caused by various other pathogenic microorganisms
  • respiratory diseases such as viral influenza, viral hepatitis, AIDS, SARS, bacterial diseases (such as tuberculo
  • the disease includes: a digestive system disease (e.g., liver cancer) or a circulatory disease (e.g., lymphoma).
  • a digestive system disease e.g., liver cancer
  • a circulatory disease e.g., lymphoma
  • Figure 1A shows the change in 092-3 siRNA content in mouse hepatocytes after intravenous injection of synthetic s iRNA.
  • Figure 1B shows the change in 092-3 siRNA content in mouse lymphocytes after intravenous injection of synthetic s iRNA.
  • Figure 2A shows changes in HA2-lmicroRNA content in mouse hepatocytes after injection of synthetic microRNA into the common bile duct.
  • Figure 2B shows the change in HA2-lmicroRNA content in mouse lymphocytes after injection of synthetic microRNA into the common bile duct.
  • Figure 3A shows the change in miR-145 content in mouse hepatocytes after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 3B shows the change in miR-145 content in mouse lymphocytes following intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Fig. 3A and 3B there are four sets of data in Fig. 3A and 3B, which are 6h, 12h, 18h and 24h respectively ; each group consists of 5 histograms, and the histogram of each group is Normal, Ad-control Control from left to right. Plasmid Ad-miR-145 and MiR_145 plasmid.
  • Figure 4A shows the change in miR-145 content in mouse hepatocytes after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 4B shows the change in miR-145 content in mouse lymphocytes following intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 4C shows the change in miR-145 content in mouse colorectal cells after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 5A shows the change in miR-143 content in mouse hepatocytes after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 5B shows the change in miR-143 content in mouse lymphocytes following intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 5C shows the change in miR-143 content in mouse colorectal cells after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 6A shows the change in miR-145 content in mouse colorectal cells after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 6B shows the expression level of the miR-145 target gene MYC in mouse colorectal cells after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 7A shows the change in miR-143 content in mouse colorectal cells after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • Figure 7B shows the expression level of the miR-143 target gene K-ras in mouse colorectal cells after intravenous microRNA expression plasmid or microRNA recombinant adenovirus.
  • a non-lesion site (or away from the lesion site) can be treated with microRNA and/or s iRNA to treat diseases at the site of the lesion.
  • the method is advantageous for diversifying the administration mode of certain diseases, and is more advantageous for finding the most suitable administration mode for the patient. On this basis, the content of the present invention has been completed.
  • Functional microRNA or siRNA of the invention has been completed.
  • the functional microRNAs of the present invention may include microRNAs of various species, such as functional microRNAs including animals, plants or microorganisms (eg, miR-143, miR-145 miR-1302, miR-6723, miR-200b, miR-200a).
  • functional microRNAs including animals, plants or microorganisms (eg, miR-143, miR-145 miR-1302, miR-6723, miR-200b, miR-200a).
  • miR- 429 miR-4251, miR-551a, miR- 4417, miR-4689, miR-4252, miR-34a, miR-5697, miR-1273d, miR-4632, miR-3675, miR-3972, miR - 4695, miR- 1290, miR- 6084, miR-1256, miR- 4418, miR-6127, miR-4684, miR-4253, miR-3115, miR- 4419a, miR- 378f, miR- 4425, miR-3917 , miR- 1976, miR- 4420, miR-4254, miR-5585, miR-3860, miR-552, miR-4255, miR-5581, miR-3659, miR-30e, miR-30C-1, miR- 6079 , miR-5584, miR-4421, miR-761, miR-6500, miR-1273f, miR- 5095
  • the functional siRNAs of the present invention may include siRNAs of various species, such as functional siRNAs including animals, plants or microorganisms. Any form of siRNA may also be included, preferably comprising a native functional siRNA or an expression vector thereof, a synthetic functional siRNA or an expression vector thereof, or a combination thereof.
  • the artificially synthesized functional microRNA or siRNA used in the present invention can be synthesized by a conventional method in the art. Use of the functional microRNA and/or siRNA of the present invention
  • microRNA and/or siRNA of the present invention can be used as an active ingredient for preparing a composition for administration to a mammal such as a human, which forms a microparticle in a first part of the animal and is transported To the second site, thereby improving the physiological state of the second site or treating the disease of the second site, wherein the second site is different from the first site.
  • the disease comprises a microRNA and/or siRNA-specific related disease
  • the microRNA and/or siRNA-specific related disease refers to a disease in which the microRNA and/or siRNA can be improved or cured, including but not limited to : Tumors, acute and chronic infectious diseases (such as viral influenza, viral hepatitis, AIDS, viral diseases of SARS, such as tuberculosis, bacterial diseases of bacterial pneumonia, and acute and chronic infectious diseases caused by various pathogenic microorganisms, etc.) , and other acute and chronic diseases (such as respiratory diseases, immune system diseases, blood and hematopoietic diseases, circulatory diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, endocrine system metabolic diseases, digestive diseases, nervous system diseases, urinary system diseases, Reproductive system diseases and sports system diseases, etc.).
  • acute and chronic infectious diseases such as viral influenza, viral hepatitis, AIDS, viral diseases of SARS, such as tuberculosis, bacterial diseases of bacterial pneumonia, and acute and chronic infectious diseases caused by
  • the active ingredient of the present invention can pass through the gastrointestinal tract, nasal cavity, trachea, lung, non-lesional vein or epidermis, intradermal, subcutaneous, intracardiac, intramuscular, bone marrow, abdominal cavity, epidural, oral, sublingual, Eye, rectum, vagina, urethra, ear canal and other routes of administration.
  • Preferred modes of administration or modes of administration include: oral, respiratory, injection, transdermal, mucosal, or intraluminal administration.
  • the manner of oral administration includes swallowing, inclusion, and the like.
  • the manner of administration of the respiratory tract is inhalation mode, including ultrasonic atomization inhalation, oxygen atomization inhalation, hand pressure atomization inhalation, and the like.
  • the manner of administration by injection includes arterial injection, intramuscular injection, intracardiac injection, subcutaneous injection, intradermal injection, and the like.
  • the transdermal or transdermal administration includes iontophoresis, electroporation, and the like.
  • the mucosal administration includes nasal mucosa administration, oral mucosal administration, and eye adhesion.
  • the manner of administration of the lumen includes rectal administration, vaginal administration, urethral administration, nasal administration, ear canal administration, and the like.
  • the second portion of the present invention is different from the first portion of the present invention.
  • the first site described in the present invention refers to individual cells, tissues and/or organs having the ability to absorb microRNAs and/or s iRNA and re-secrete them in the form of cell microparticles.
  • the second portion refers to and functions at another portion to which the cell microparticles formed at the first portion are transported, and the second portion includes cells, tissues and/or organs, for example: Brain, pineal gland, pituitary, eyelid, ear, nose, mouth, pharynx, parotid gland, tonsil, esophagus, trachea, thyroid, thymus, breast, lung, heart, stomach, intestine, appendix, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas , kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, uterus, ovary, fallopian tube, vagina, vas deferens, prostate, penis, testicles, anus, bones, muscles, connective tissue, nerves, lymph, colorectal, blood, bone marrow, skin, etc.
  • Cell microparticles for example: Brain, pineal gland, pituitary, eyelid, ear, nose, mouth, pharynx, parotid
  • Cell microparticles are membrane corpuscles with a diameter between 30 and 100 nm that are secreted by cells in the body under normal and pathological conditions. Natural microparticles containing cell contents, including exosome and shedding, are encapsulated by cell membrane-like membrane structures. Two kinds of ves icle. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that cell microparticles can be secreted by a variety of cells such as red blood cells, B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, mast cells, epithelial cells, and tumor cells. The cells encapsulate specific biologically active molecules such as proteins, mRNAs, etc. into the cell microparticles, which are transported by the cell microparticles to the corresponding recipient cells and regulate the biological functions of the recipient cells, which are mediated by the cell microparticles. Intercellular communication plays an important role in some physiological and pathological processes.
  • the microparticles of the present invention include natural biological vesicles having a lipid bilayer membrane secreted by cells, each having a size between 10 and 500 nm, including exosome, shedding vesicles, and shedding vesicles secreted by various cells. Special name.
  • cell microparticles coated with functional microRNAs and/or siRNA As used herein, “cell microparticles coated with functional microRNAs and/or siRNA”, “secretory microRNAs and/or siRNAs”, “cell microparticles-microRNAs and/or siRNA complexes” are used interchangeably.
  • microparticles coated with functional microRNAs and/or siRNAs of the present invention may be prepared according to methods commonly used in the art, preferably by the following steps: Administration of functional microRNAs and/or siRNAs to mammals (e.g., humans) And being ingested to encapsulate the ingested functional microRNA and/or siRNA in a certain part of the mammal (such as the first part of the invention) to form cell microparticles.
  • the cell microparticles are releasable and can be transported to another location (e.g., lesion site). For example, the cellular microparticles can enter the circulatory system of the animal and then enter the lesion site.
  • microparticles of the present invention are coated with the functional microRNA and/or s iRNA (ie, secretory microRNA and/or s iRNA) of the present invention, are transported to the lesion site, and function to treat and prevent disease at the lesion site.
  • the "secretory” means that the above microRNA or siRNA is processed into a cell microparticle at a certain site after being introduced into an animal body (such as a human) and transported (for example, through blood circulation) to another site (ie, a lesion site).
  • the invention provides a method for producing and detecting secretory microRNAs and/or s iRNAs, comprising the steps of:
  • the preparation of the microRNA or siRNA comprises: chemically synthesizing a microRNA mature sequence or a s iRNA mature sequence, expressing a microRNA mature sequence or a siRNA mature sequence by a vector, or extracting a native microRNA or s iRNA.
  • microRNA or s iRNA to an animal (such as a human);
  • the method comprises: a fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR method.
  • the specific method for detecting the content of secretory microRNA and/or s iRNA by the real-time PCR method comprises the following steps: 1) extracting serum RNA; 2) performing reverse transcription (RT) on serum RNA. Then, the product cDNA was subjected to PCR amplification. Based on the CT values obtained in the PCR reaction, the content of specific secretory mi croRNA and/or s i RNA in the serum initially involved in the reaction was deduced.
  • the active ingredient of the present invention refers to the functional microRNA and/or siRNA of the present invention.
  • the microRNA and/or siRNA are administered to a mammal, they are encapsulated in a first part of the mammal to form microparticles of the cells.
  • the cell microparticles are releasable and transportable to a second site, the second site being a lesion site.
  • compositions of the present invention comprise the active ingredient in a safe and effective amount and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.
  • safe and effective amount means that the amount of active ingredient is sufficient to significantly improve the condition without causing serious side effects.
  • the pharmaceutical composition contains 1 to 2000 mg of the active ingredient/agent, and more preferably 10 to 200 mg of the active ingredient/agent.
  • the "one dose" is an injection.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” means: one or more compatible solid or liquid fillers or gels which are suitable for human use and which must be of sufficient purity and of sufficiently low toxicity. By “compatibility” it is meant herein the ingredients of the composition and the active ingredients and their intermixing without significantly reducing the efficacy of the active ingredient.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include cellulose and its derivatives (such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium ethylcellulose, etc.), gelatin, solid lubricants (such as stearic acid, magnesium stearate), sulfuric acid.
  • Calcium calcium, vegetable oils (such as soybean oil, olive oil, etc.), polyols (such as propylene glycol, mannitol, sorbitol, etc.), emulsifiers (such as Tween®), wetting agents (such as sodium lauryl sulfate), stabilizers , antioxidants, preservatives, pyrogen-free water, etc.
  • polyols such as propylene glycol, mannitol, sorbitol, etc.
  • emulsifiers such as Tween®
  • wetting agents such as sodium lauryl sulfate
  • stabilizers antioxidants, preservatives, pyrogen-free water, etc.
  • the mode of administration of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is consistent with the mode of administration (or mode of administration) described herein.
  • the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is consistent with the mode of administration, such as, but not limited to, tablets, capsules, powders, pills, granules, syrups, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, suspensions, Spray, aerosol, powder, volatile liquid, injection, powder injection, topical solution, lotion, pour-on agent, tincture, barb cream, plaster, rubber paste, ointment, plaster, Pastes, eye drops, nasal drops, ophthalmic ointments, gargles, sublingual tablets, suppositories, and the like.
  • the invention provides a method of treatment comprising the steps of: administering to a subject in need of treatment (eg, a mammal, including a human), a functional microRNA of the invention and/or at a first site (eg, away from a lesion site) Or siRNA, thereby Treating a disease in the second part of the subject (ie, the lesion).
  • a subject in need of treatment eg, a mammal, including a human
  • a functional microRNA of the invention and/or at a first site (eg, away from a lesion site) Or siRNA, thereby Treating a disease in the second part of the subject (ie, the lesion).
  • the method comprises the steps of: administering to a subject in need of treatment, a functional microRNA and/or siRNA of the invention at a first site, said microRNA and/or siRNA being ingested and After the package forms cell microparticles, it is released and transported to a second site, thereby treating the disease of the second site of the subject, wherein the second site is different (preferably away from) the first site.
  • the mode of administration preferably includes oral, respiratory, injection, transdermal, mucosal, intracavitary administration, and the like. Specifically as described above.
  • the first or second portion is as described above.
  • the present invention also provides a method of treatment comprising the steps of: administering a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a subject in need of treatment, thereby treating a disease in the subject.
  • the present invention provides a more preferred method of treatment, comprising the steps of: (1) determining a microRNA and/or s iRNA capable of functioning as a disease according to the type of the disease; (2) preparing a corresponding microRNA or siRNA; (1) injecting microRNA or s iRNA into the human body; (4) detecting the content of secretory microRNA or s iRNA in the serum; (5) detecting the content of microRNA or siRNA in the target cell; (6) detecting the change of function of the target cell; 7) Detect the therapeutic effect of the disease.
  • Cell microparticle-mediated microRNA transmission as a novel drug delivery method for treating diseases
  • the cell microparticles are natural small particles secreted by cells and surrounded by a membrane structure similar to the cell membrane and containing the contents of the cells, they can easily enter the cells and have no toxic side effects, so the cell microparticles are an efficient drug carrier. . Since cells can secrete cell microparticles without interruption, it is relatively easy to obtain and low in cost.
  • the engineered cell microparticles can also specifically target recipient cells, such as tumor cells, to treat disease.
  • a method for ectopically treating a disease comprising: administering a functional microRNA/siRNA to a patient away from a lesion (such as the common bile duct), forming a microparticle in one part thereof, ie, "cell microparticle"
  • a functional microRNA/siRNA to a patient away from a lesion (such as the common bile duct), forming a microparticle in one part thereof, ie, "cell microparticle"
  • the functional microRNA/s iRNA complexes are transported (eg, through the circulatory system) to the site of the lesion (eg, lymphocytes, etc.) to achieve the treatment of disease at the site of the lesion.
  • cell microparticles serve as a carrier-mediated transfer of exogenous microRNAs and s iRNAs, which facilitate the treatment of diseases by microRNA and s iRNA as anti-disease drugs. .
  • the development of cell microparticle-mediated exogenous microRNAs has great application prospects and market value as a drug treatment for diseases.
  • siRNA in mice It is reabsorbed by the liver cells, and the siRNA is secreted into the blood by the cell microparticles to form a "cell microparticle-siRNA complex" in the blood. Lymphocytes in the circulatory system take up the "cell microparticle-siRNA complex", and the siRNA in the complex enters the lymphocytes and plays a corresponding role.
  • Balbc male mice (18_22g), sodium pentobarbital, syringe, synthetic siRNA 092-3 and NC (Shanghai Jima Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.), lymphocyte separation solution (Tianjin Yuyang Biological Products Technology Co., Ltd. Company), TaqMan probes (miR-U6 and 092-3) and real-time quantitative PCR (Real-Time quantitative PCR) related reagents (Takara).
  • mice Male Balbc mice (Nanjing University Model Animal Institute), after 3 days of word cultivation, the diet, drinking water, and normal activities were included in the experiment. After randomization, the mice were injected with normal saline (Normal group), negative control siRNA (NC group) and 092-3 siRNA (092-3 group) in the tail vein, and the mice were sacrificed at 6h, 12h, 18h and 24h. Blood and liver tissue.
  • Normal group normal saline
  • NC group negative control siRNA
  • 092-3 siRNA (092-3 group 092-3 siRNA (092-3 group
  • lymphocytes Mix 1 ml of fresh anticoagulated blood with PBS, add to 2 ml of cell supernatant, and centrifuge at 2000 rpm for 15 minutes. The tube was divided into four layers from top to bottom. The second layer of ring-shaped milky white lymphocytes was collected and placed in a test tube containing 4-5 ml of PBS. After thorough mixing, centrifuge at 2000 rpm for 20 minutes. The precipitate is lymphocytes.
  • the cDNA is obtained by reverse transcription reaction of RNA.
  • the reaction system is: 2 ⁇ 1 RNA of lymphocytes or liver tissue, 2 ⁇ 15 X AMV buffer, 1 ⁇ l lOmM various dNTP mixtures (Takara), 0. 5 ⁇ 1 AMV (Takara) and 1 ⁇ l miR-U6 or 092-3 reverse transcription primer (ABI, USA), supplemented to a volume of 10 ⁇ l with 3.5 ⁇ l of DEPC water.
  • the PCR reaction was carried out under the conditions of 95 ° C for 5 min, 95 ° C for 15 s, 60 ° C for 1 min, and 40 cycles.
  • the content of the exogenous siRNA in the liver of the mice was significantly increased 6 hours after the artificial injection of the synthetic siRNA 092-3 (Shanghai Jima Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.), and the 12 mice were still higher than normal. Horizontal, but slightly less than 6 hours. After that, it returned to normal after 18 hours, and the result is shown in Fig. 1A.
  • the Normal group represents the tail vein injection of saline
  • the NC group represents the tail vein injection of synthetic negative control siRNA
  • the 092-3 group represents the tail vein injection of synthetic siRNA.
  • the exogenous s iRNA also enters the lymphocytes.
  • the liver can be used as a generator to process exogenous s iRNA into s iRNA encapsulated by cell microparticles, or "cell microparticle-s The iRNA complex", the secretory siRNA then enters the circulatory system and is absorbed by lymphocytes in the circulatory system, thereby entering it.
  • Lymphocytes may directly phagocytose free siRNA in the blood after intravenous injection, resulting in an increase in s iRNA content in lymphocytes.
  • Example 2 Injection of synthetic microRNA into the common bile duct of the mouse into the liver and T cells
  • Balbc male mice (18_22g), sodium pentobarbital, synthetic microRNA (HA2-1), surgical instruments, intravenous needles, syringes, surgical sutures, lymphocyte separation fluid (Tianjin Yuyang Biological Products Technology Co., Ltd. Limited liability company) and Real-Time quantitat ive PCR related reagents (Takara).
  • mice Using sodium pentobarbital, anesthetize the mice at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight;
  • mice were anesthetized, they were fixed on the test bench, and the wounds of about l-2 cm were cut under the abdominal membrane of the mouse (the liver) to find the common bile duct;
  • the expression of exogenous microRNA in the liver and lymphocytes of the mice was also significantly increased 16 hours after the injection of the artificial microRNA into the mouse through the common bile duct.
  • the Normal group represents the tail vein injection saline group
  • the HA2-1 group represents the tail vein injection of synthetic microRNA.
  • the lymphocytes are not directly in contact with the free microRNA injected into the mouse, this result excludes that in Example 1, the lymphocytes may directly phagocytose free microRNA in the blood after intravenous injection to cause lymphocytes.
  • the possibility of an increase in microRNA content is not directly in contact with the free microRNA injected into the mouse.
  • microRNA injected through the common bile duct enters the liver.
  • a microRNA is secreted by hepatocytes in the form of "cell microparticle-microRNA complex” to the circulatory system ⁇ "cell microparticles in the circulatory system”
  • the microRNA complex is caught by lymphocytes in the blood and enters the lymphocytes.
  • the inventors also performed an experiment in which a mouse common bile duct was injected into a synthetic s iRNA, and the results showed that after the injection into the common bile duct, Synthetic s iRNA also enters hepatocytes and lymphocytes, indicating that the way in which exogenous siRNA enters lymphocytes is as follows: through the common bile duct injection into the liver ⁇ by the hepatocytes in the form of cell microsomes secreted into the circulatory system ⁇ circulatory system Cellular microparticles are captured by lymphocytes in the blood and enter the lymphocytes.
  • Example 3 Intravenous microRNA expression plasmid can enter liver and T cells
  • Balbc male mice (18_22g), sodium pentobarbital, syringe, artificially constructed plasmid overexpressing miR-145 (pAd-miR-145) and adenovirus (Ad-miR-145) (this laboratory) Lymphocyte separation solution (Tianjin Haoyang Biological Products Technology Co., Ltd.), TaqMan probe (miR-U6 and !niR-145) and Real-Time quant itateration PCR related reagent (Takara).
  • the mouse genome was extracted and the pre-miR-145 sequence of miR-145 was cloned.
  • the cloned target fragment was ligated to the Pacl-digested pAdTrack-CMV vector by enzyme digestion and subsequent identification by sequencing. Name it: pCMV- miR- 145.
  • the PCMV-miR-145 plasmid constructed in the previous step was digested with Pmel, linearized, and transformed into BJ5183 by electroporation with the adenoviral backbone plasmid pAdEasy-1.
  • the correct clone was identified as pAd-miR-145 (miR-145 plasmid) by sequencing, and the empty vector adenovirus pAd-control (control plasmid) was prepared as a negative control.
  • the recombinant adenovirus plasmids pAd-miR-145 and pAd-control were extracted and transfected with 70% adherent HEK293T.
  • the formation of plaques and the expression of the green fluorescent protein gene were observed under a fluorescence microscope.
  • the cells with lesions were collected, and the cells were lysed by freeze-thaw 3-4 times at -80 °C and 37 °C, and centrifuged at 100,000 g for 10 min at 4 °C.
  • the supernatant was re-infected with HEK 293T cells with the collected supernatant, and the adenovirus was extensively amplified and identified.
  • the virus is then purified according to the instructions of the purified virus kit, and the virus titer of the Ad-miR-145 recombinant virus and the Ad-control empty vector virus is determined by the plaque method, and finally the high titer Ad is prepared.
  • the -miR-145 recombinant virus and the Ad-control empty vector virus were stored at -8 CTC for use.
  • the Normal group indicates that the saline is injected into the tail vein
  • the control plasmid group represents a negative control of the recombinant plasmid injected into the tail vein;
  • the Ad-control group indicated a negative control of recombinant adenovirus injected into the tail vein;
  • the miR-145 plasmi d group (gP pAdiiR-145 group) indicated that the miR-145 recombinant plasmid was over-injected into the tail vein;
  • the Ad-miR-145 group indicated that the miR-145 recombinant adenovirus was over-injected into the tail vein;
  • This example illustrates that the expression of miR-145 in mouse liver and lymphocytes is significantly increased by injecting a plasmid and an adenovirus overexpressing miR-145 into the mouse through the tail vein, indicating that the exogenously expressed miRNA can pass through the blood. It circulates into the first portion and enters the second portion.
  • Example 4 Functional physiologic/pathological changes in microRNA after entry into an animal.
  • This example demonstrates that a functional microRNA, siRNA expression plasmid enters an animal, is transported to a second site (lesion), and regulates the physiological/pathological state of the animal, thereby achieving the effect of treating the disease at the site of the lesion.
  • Balbc mice (18_22g) (Nanjing University model animals), colorectal cancer model mice (constructed in our laboratory), pentobarbital sodium, artificially constructed overexpressing miR-145 plasmid (pAd -miR-145) and overexpressing miR-145 adenovirus (Ad-miR-145) and overexpressing miR-143 plasmid (pAd-miR-143) and overexpressing miR-143 adenovirus (Ad-miR-143)
  • the laboratory is constructed), surgical instruments, intravenous needles, syringes, surgical sutures (Tianjin Haoyang Biological Products Technology Co., Ltd.) and Real-Time quantitative PCR related reagents (Takara).
  • the Normal group represents the injection of physiological saline into the tail vein
  • the control plasmid group represents a negative control of the recombinant plasmid injected into the tail vein;
  • the Ad-control group indicated a negative control of recombinant adenovirus injected into the tail vein;
  • the pAd-miR-145 group indicates that the miR-145 recombinant plasmid was overexpressed by tail vein injection;
  • Ad-miR-145 group indicated that the miR-145 recombinant adenovirus was overexpressed by tail vein injection;
  • the pAd-miR-143 group indicates that the miR-143 recombinant plasmid was overexpressed by tail vein injection;
  • Ad-miR-143 group indicated that the miR-143 recombinant adenovirus was overexpressed by tail vein injection.
  • mice with colorectal cancer model were successfully cultured for 3 days. Three days later, the diet, drinking water and normal activities were included in the experiment. After randomization, mice were injected with normal saline (Normal group), plasmid negative control (pAd-control group), adenovirus negative control (Ad-control group), pAdiiR-145 (pAdiiR-145 group), Ad. -miR-145 (Ad_miR_145 group), pAd-miR-143 (pAdiiR-143 group) and AdiiR-143 (Ad-miR-143 group), the mice were sacrificed 6 hours later, and blood, liver and colorectal were taken.
  • Normal group normal saline
  • pAd-control group plasmid negative control
  • Ad-control group adenovirus negative control
  • Ad-control group pAdiiR-145
  • AdiiR-143 AdiiR-143
  • FIG 4A shows that miR-145 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. After 6 hours, the level of miR-145 in the liver tissue of mice with colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that of the normal group, an increase of 3 ⁇ 4 times.
  • FIG 4B shows that miR-145 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. After 6 hours, the level of miR-145 in lymphocytes of colorectal cancer model mice was significantly higher than that of the normal group, which increased by about 7. Times.
  • Figure 4C shows that miR-145 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. After 6 hours, the level of miR-145 in colorectal cancer mice was significantly higher than that in the normal group, an increase of 3 ⁇ 4 times.
  • FIG. 5A shows that miR-143 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. After 6 hours, the level of miR-143 in the liver tissue of mice with colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that of the normal group, an increase of 3 ⁇ 4 times.
  • FIG. 5B shows that miR-143 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. After 6 hours, the level of miR-143 in lymphocytes of colorectal cancer model mice was significantly higher than that of the normal group, which increased by about 9 Times.
  • Figure 5C shows that miR-143 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. After 6 hours, the level of miR-143 in colorectal cancer mice was significantly higher than that in the normal group, an increase of 3 ⁇ 4 times.
  • the overexpressed pAd-miR-145, pAd-miR-143, Ad-miR_145, pAd-miR-143 were injected into the colorectal cancer model mice through the tail vein, miR- in the liver, lymphocytes and colorectal tissues of mice.
  • the expression of miR-143 increased significantly, indicating that the functional mi croRNA was indeed absorbed by the first part (such as the liver) and other tissues through the blood circulation, and was further encapsulated in the MV through the first part, and secreted. And through the blood circulation into other cells or tissues such as lymphocytes and colorectal.
  • the administration mode can make the drug stably exist and play against the lesion Function.
  • FIG. 6A shows that miR-145 was overexpressed in colorectal cancer model mice by tail vein injection, and miR-145 expression levels were significantly increased in colorectal tissues 6 hours later than the control group.
  • FIG. 6B shows that miR-145 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. Compared with the control group, the expression level of miR-145 target gene MYC in colorectal tissues was significantly decreased after 6 hours. The results showed that the overexpressed miR-145 enters the colorectal cancer model mice and reduces the expression of the target gene, which may inhibit the growth of the tumor and improve the pathological condition of the lesion.
  • Figure 7A shows that miR-143 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. Compared with the control group, the expression level of miR-143 was significantly increased in colorectal tissues 6 hours later.
  • FIG. 7B shows that miR-143 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. Compared with the control group, the expression level of target gene K-ras of miR-143 was significantly decreased in colorectal tissues 6 hours later. The results showed that the overexpressed miR-143 enters the colorectal cancer model mice and reduces the expression of the target gene, which may inhibit the growth of the tumor and improve the pathological condition of the lesion.
  • mice with colorectal cancer model were successfully cultured for 3 days. After 3 days, the diet, drinking water and normal activities were included in the experiment. After randomization, mice were injected with normal saline (Normal group), plasmid negative control (pAd-control group), adenovirus negative control (Ad-control group), pAdiiR-145 (pAdiiR-145 group), Ad. -miR-145 (Ad_miR_145 group), pAd-miR-143 (pAdiiR-143 group) and AdiiR-143 (Ad-miR-143 group) for 14 consecutive days. Mice were sacrificed the next day after the last injection and dissected.
  • the statistical method used variance analysis ⁇ 0.05, * represents a significant difference compared with the control group; p ⁇ 0.01, * * represents a significant difference compared with the control group.
  • Table 2 shows that there was no significant difference in the volume of living tumors between the mice in the colorectal cancer model at the beginning of the experiment (P>0.05).
  • Ad-miR-145 and Ad-miR-143 were overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection.
  • AdiiR-145 group, Ad-miR -143 mice The volume of tumors in vivo was significantly smaller, and the volume was 56% and 53% in the Ad-control group, and the growth rate was significantly decreased. The growth rate was 55% and 51% in the Ad-control group.
  • the pAd-miR-145 pAd-miR-143 was overexpressed in the colorectal cancer model mice by tail vein injection.
  • the tumor volume in the pAd-miR-145 group and the pAd-miR-143 group was significant.
  • the volume was 56% and 55% of the control plasmid group, and the growth rate was significantly decreased.
  • the growth rate was 54% and 52% of the control plasmid group.
  • the results showed that overexpression of miR-145 and miR-143 in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection can reduce the tumor size and slow the growth rate of the model mice, effectively inhibit the growth of the tumor, and improve the lesion. Pathological condition.
  • Table 3 shows that at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, the mice in the colorectal cancer model were overexpressed with Ad-miR-145, Ad-miR-143, and the nude mice in the drug-administered group.
  • the average tumor weight was significantly decreased.
  • the volume of Ad-miR-145 and Ad-miR-143 tumors was 67% and 69% in the Ad-control group, and the average tumor weight was 51% and 47% in the Ad-control group. .
  • mice Through the tail vein injection, pAd-miR-145 and pAd-miR-143 were overexpressed in colorectal cancer model mice, and the nude tumor volume and average tumor weight were significantly decreased in the mice in the drug-administered group, pAd-miR-145
  • the nad tumor volume of pAd-miR-143 was 77% and 71% of the control plasmid group, and the average tumor weight was 55% and 56% of the control plasmid group.
  • the tumor inhibition rate of mice was significantly higher than that of the control group.
  • the inhibition rate of Ad-miR-145 group, Ad-miR-143 group, pAd-miR-145 group and pAd-miR-143 group was between 49% and 67%, and the effect was very good.
  • the results showed that miR-145 miR-143 was overexpressed in mice with colorectal cancer by tail vein injection. Compared with the control group, the tumor volume of the mice in the drug-administered group was reduced, the tumor was reduced, and the tumor was effectively inhibited. Growth improves the pathological condition of the lesion.
  • results of this example show that the functional microRNA is indeed transported to the lesion site through the blood circulation, and regulates the physiological/pathological changes of the animal body, thereby achieving the effect of treating the disease site.
  • Control plasmid 10 14.40 ⁇ L 15 413.86 ⁇ 76.65 29.10 ⁇ 4.21

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Abstract

本发明涉及含功能性microRNA/siRNA的细胞微粒子及其应用。具体地,本发明公开了一种功能性microRNA和/或siRNA的用途,用于制备施用于哺乳动物的组合物,施用所述组合物后在动物体内的第一部位中形成细胞微粒子,并运送到第二部位,从而改善第二部位的生理状态或治疗第二部位的疾病,其中第二部位不同于第一部位。所述用途有利于优化功能性microRNA和/或siRNA的给药方式。

Description

含功能性 microRNA/siRNA的细胞微粒子及其应用
发明领域
本发明属于医药领域, 具体地涉及功能性 microRNA/siRNA的新应用, 更具体地涉及含 功能性 microRNA/SiRNA的细胞微粒子及其应用。 背景技术
微小核糖核酸 mi croRNAs (mi croRNA)是一类长约 19_23个核苷酸的单链小核糖核酸分 子, 位于基因组非编码区, 进化上高度保守, 可以通过抑制靶基因的翻译过程对基因表达 进行调节, 并与动物的许多正常生理活动, 如生物个体发育、 组织分化、 细胞凋亡以及能 量代谢等密切相关, 同时也与许多疾病的发生及发展存在着紧密的联系。 自参与调控线虫 时序发育的 l in-4与 let-7被发现以来, microRNA已逐渐成为调控 mRNA稳定性和蛋白翻译的 研究热点, 分别在 2002年和 2003年两度入选 Science杂志年度十大科技突破。 现在预测 microRNA至少能调控 5300个人类基因, 也就是所有基因的 30%。 随着研究的深入, 越来越多 的 microRNA被发现, 其中 microRNA与肿瘤的关系越来越成为研究的重点, 已经发现若干 microRNA通过负调控基因的表达与慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、 肺癌、 乳腺癌、 结肠癌高度相 关。
干扰核糖体酸(smal l interfering RNA, siRNA)是一类由 20多个核苷酸组成的双链 RNA 分子, 可以通过特异性降解靶基因的信使核糖核酸 (messenger RNA, mRNA)起到沉默基因表 达的作用。 这一过程被称为 RNA干扰(RNA interference, RNAi)。
RNA干扰是基因转录后调控的一种方式。 siRNA可以对其靶基因进行特异性识别, 并能 招募被称为沉默复合体(RNA induced silencing complex, RISC)的蛋白质复合体。 RISC 包含核糖核酸酶等, 可以通过靶向切割同源性 mRNA的方式, 特异、 高效地抑制基因的表达。 由于使用 RNA干扰技术可以特异性剔除或关闭特定基因的表达,所以该技术已被广泛用于生 物医学实验研究及各种疾病的治疗领域。
MicroRNA及 siRNA参与疾病治疗
目前研究已经证明可以通过调节生物体内特定微小核糖核酸的含量或通过注入外源性 siRNA, 阻断或延缓疾病的进程。两者都可以通过影响特定蛋白质的表达参加疾病的治疗和 预防。 比如 miR-206在骨骼肌中的表达可改善运动神经元的损伤或丧失,其作用主要是通过 促进与激活肌肉与肌肉的神经元之间联系的再生来实现的, 从而可以治疗肌萎缩性侧索硬 化(或称 ALS) ; 通过下调肝脏中的 miR-122表达, 能够对丙型肝炎起到治疗作用; miR-15和 miR-16的丢失和之后导致的 Bcl-2过表达是人类慢性淋巴性白血病(CLL)发生的重要的机 理, 在生物体过表达 miR-15和 miR-16可以起到治疗 CLL的作用。
尽管 MicroRNA及 siRNA的研究开发取得了不少成果,但将其作为药物真正用于医疗还面 临很多问题, 尤其是如何提高此类药物的传送效率, 通常需要在病灶部位给药才能有效地 发挥其药效, 而这种原位给药的治疗方法严重限制了药物的应用。 发明内容 本发明的目的之一在于提供一种制备施用于哺乳动物的组合物的功能性 microRNA和 / 或 siRNA的用途, 所述组合物在动物体内的第一部位中形成细胞微粒子, 并运送到第二部位, 从而改善第二部位的生理状态或治疗第二部位的疾病, 其中第二部位不同于第一部位。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种异位治疗方法, 所述方法包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对 象, 在第一部位施用 microRNA和 /或 siRNA, 从而治疗第二部位的疾病。 所述方法有利于给药 方式多元化, 克服某些部位不便给药的难题, 有利于寻找到最适合治疗对象的给药方式。
在本发明的第一方面中, 提供了一种功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的用途, 它用于制备 施用于哺乳动物的组合物, 所述组合物在动物体内的第一部位中形成细胞微粒子, 并被运送 到第二部位, 从而改善第二部位的生理状态或治疗第二部位的疾病, 其中第二部位不同于第 一部位。
在本发明的第二方面中, 提供了一种功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的用途, 它用于制备施 用于哺乳动物的组合物, 所述组合物在动物体内的第一部位中形成细胞微粒子, 并被运送到 第二部位, 从而调节第二部位中功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的靶基因的表达, 其中第二部位 不同于第一部位。
在另一优选例中, 所述靶基因包括: MY (:、 K-ras、 CCND2、 cdk6、 E2F3、 MEK2、 ERK5、
PTGS2、 DFF45。
在另一优选例中, 所述的部位包括细胞、 组织和 /或器官。
在另一优选例中, 所述的第一部位远离第二部位。
在另一优选例中, 一种被细胞微粒子包裹的功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的用途, 用于制 备治疗非产生该细胞微粒子的部位的疾病的组合物。
在另一优选例中, 所述的功能性 microRNA为动物 microRNA或其表达载体、植物 microRNA 或其表达载体、 或微生物 microRNA或其表达载体、 或其组合; 或所述的功能性 microRNA为天 然的 microRNA或其表达载体、 人工合成的 microRNA或其表达载体、 或其组合;
所述的功能性 siRNA为动物 siRNA或其表达载体、 植物 siRNA或其表达载体、 或微生物 siRNA或其表达载体、 或其组合; 或所述的功能性 siRNA为天然的 siRNA或其表达载体、 人工 合成的 siRNA或其表达载体、 或其组合。
在另一优选例中, 所述的表达载体包括: 质粒载体、 腺病毒载体、 慢病毒载体、 逆转录 病毒载体或诱导表达载体。
在另一优选例中, 所述的第一部位包括: 肝脏、肺脏、 胃肠道、 乳腺、 肾脏、脑、脾脏、 淋巴、 甲状腺、 生殖器官、 血细胞或淋巴细胞; 和 /或
所述的第二部位包括: 脑、 松果体、 垂体、 目艮、 耳、 鼻、 口、 咽、 腮腺、 扁桃体、 食道、 气管、 甲状腺、 胸腺、 乳腺、 肺、 心脏、 胃、 肠、 阑尾、 肝脏、 胆囊、 脾脏、 胰腺、 肾脏、 输尿管、 膀胱、 尿道、 子宫、 卵巢、 输卵管、 ***、 输精管、 ***、 ***、 睾丸、 ***、 骨骼、 肌肉、 ***、 神经、 淋巴、 结直肠、 血液、 骨髓、 或皮肤。
在另一优选例中, 所述的第一部位包括: 肝脏、 肺、 胃肠道、 肾脏、 血细胞、 淋巴。 在另一优选例中,所述的疾病包括功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA特异性相关疾病,包括 (但 不限于): 肿瘤、 急慢性传染病或其它急慢性疾病。 在另一优选例中,所述的急慢性传染病包括:病毒性流感、病毒性肝炎、艾滋病、 SARS 的病毒性疾病, 细菌性疾病(例如结核、 细菌性肺炎), 以及其它各种病原微生物导致的 急慢性传染病;
在另一优选例中, 所述的其它急慢性疾病包括: 呼吸***疾病, 免疫***疾病, 血 液与造血***疾病, 如心脑血管疾病的循环***疾病, 内分泌***代谢性疾病, 消化系 统疾病, 神经***疾病, 泌尿***疾病, 生殖***疾病和运动***疾病。
在另一优选例中, 所述的组合物, 其施用方式包括口服、 呼吸道、 注射、 透皮、 粘膜、 或腔道给药。
在本发明第三方面中, 提供了一种细胞微粒子的制备方法, 它包括步骤: 将功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA施用于哺乳动物并被摄入,从而在所述哺乳动物的某一部位中所述功能 性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA被包裹, 形成细胞微粒子。
在另一优选例中, 所述的细胞微粒子是可释放的, 并可运送至另一部位。
在另一优选例中, 所述的施用方式包括口服、 呼吸道、 注射、 透皮、粘膜、 腔道给药。 在另一优选例中, 所述的部位包括: 细胞、 组织和 /或器官。
在另一优选例中, 所述的某一部位为本发明所述的第一部位。
在另一优选例中, 所述的另一部位为本发明所述的第二部位。
在本发明第四方面中, 提供了一种药物组合物, 它包含: (1) 药学上可接受的载体; 以及(2)功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA;其中所述的 microRNA和 /或 siRNA在施用于哺乳动物后, 在所述哺乳动物的某一部位中被包裹, 从而形成细胞微粒子。
在另一优选例中, 所述的部位包括细胞、 组织和 /或器官。
在另一优选例中, 所述的细胞微粒子可被运送到另一部位, 并在所述的另一部位发挥其 功能。
在另一优选例中, 所述的某一部位为本发明所述的第一部位。
在另一优选例中, 所述的另一部位为本发明所述的第二部位。
在另一优选例中, 所述药物组合物包括: 片剂、胶囊剂、粉剂、 丸剂、颗粒剂、糖浆剂、 溶液、 混悬液、 乳剂、 混悬剂、 喷雾剂、 气雾剂、 粉雾剂、 挥发性液体、 注射液、 粉针剂、 外用溶液剂、 洗剂、 浇淋剂、 搽剂、 巴布膏剂、 膏药、 橡胶膏剂、 软膏剂、 硬膏剂、 糊剂、 滴眼剂、 滴鼻剂、 眼用软膏剂、 含漱剂、 舌下片剂、 或栓剂。
在本发明第五方面中, 提供了一种治疗方法, 它包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对象, 在第 一部位施用功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA, 从而治疗第二部位的疾病, 其中第二部位不同于第 一部位。
在另一优选例中, 所述方法包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对象, 在第一部位施用 microRNA 和 /或 siRNA, 所述的 microRNA和 /或 siRNA被摄入并被包裹形成细胞微粒子后, 被运送至第二 部位, 从而治疗第二部位的疾病。
在另一优选例中, 所述的功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA, 其施用方式包括: 口服、 呼吸 道、 注射、 透皮、 粘膜、 或腔道给药。
在另一优选例中, 所述的第一部位远离第二部位。 在另一优选例中, 所述的第二部位为病灶部位。
在本发明第六方面中, 提供了一种治疗方法, 它包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对象, 施用 在本发明第四方面所述的药物组合物, 从而治疗所述对象的疾病。
在另一优选例中, 所述的需要治疗的对象包括人。
在另一优选例中, 所述的疾病包括 microRNA和 /或 siRNA特异性相关疾病, 包括(但不限 于): 肿瘤、 急慢性传染病或其它急慢性疾病, 其中, 所述的急慢性传染病包括: 病毒性 流感、 病毒性肝炎、 艾滋病、 SARS等病毒性疾病, 细菌性疾病(例如结核、 细菌性肺炎), 以及其它各种病原微生物导致的急慢性传染病; 所述的其它急慢性疾病包括: 呼吸*** 疾病, 免疫***疾病, 血液与造血***疾病, 如心脑血管疾病的循环***疾病, 内分泌 ***代谢性疾病, 消化***疾病, 神经***疾病, 泌尿***疾病, 生殖***疾病和运动 ***疾病;
在另一优选例中, 所述的疾病包括: 消化***疾病(如肝癌)或循环***疾病(如淋巴 癌)。
应理解, 在本发明范围内中, 本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体 描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合, 从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。 限于篇幅, 在此不再 累述。 附图说明
图 1A显示了静脉注射人工合成 s iRNA后, 小鼠肝细胞中的 092-3siRNA含量变化。
图 1B显示了静脉注射人工合成 s iRNA后, 小鼠淋巴细胞中的 092-3siRNA含量变化。 图 2A显示了胆总管注射人工合成 microRNA后, 小鼠肝细胞中的 HA2-lmicroRNA含量变 化。
图 2B显示了胆总管注射人工合成 microRNA后,小鼠淋巴细胞中的 HA2-lmicroRNA含量变 化。
图 3A显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠肝细胞中 miR-145的含量变化。
图 3B显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠淋巴细胞中 miR-145的含量变化。
其中, 图 3A和 3B中各自有四组数据, 分别为 6h、 12h、 18h和 24h; 每组均由 5个柱状图 组成, 每组的柱状图从左到右依次是 Normal、 Ad-control Control plasmid Ad-miR-145 禾口 miR_145 plasmid。
图 4A显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠肝细胞中 miR-145的含量变化。
图 4B显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠淋巴细胞中 miR-145的含量变化。
图 4C显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠结直肠细胞中 miR-145的含量变化。 图 5A显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠肝细胞中 miR-143的含量变化。
图 5B显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠淋巴细胞中 miR-143的含量变化。
图 5C显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠结直肠细胞中 miR-143的含量变化。
图 6A显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠结直肠细胞中 miR-145的含量变化。
图 6B显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠结直肠细胞中 miR-145靶基因 MYC的表达量变化。
图 7A显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠结直肠细胞中 miR-143的含量变化。
图 7B显示了静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒或 microRNA重组腺病毒后, 小鼠结直肠细胞中 miR-143靶基因 K-ras的表达量变化。 具体实施方式
发明人经过深入的研究, 意外地发现一种非病灶部位(或远离病灶部位)给予 microRNA 和 /或 s iRNA实现治疗病灶部位疾病的治疗方法。 所述方法有利于某些疾病治疗时给药方式 的多元化, 更有利于寻找最适合病人的给药方式。 在此基础上, 完成了本发明的内容。 本发明所述的功能性 microRNA或 siRNA
本发明所述的功能性 microRNA可包括各个物种的 microRNA, 如包括动物、植物或微生物 的功能性 microRNA (如 miR-143、 miR-145 miR- 1302、 miR- 6723、 miR- 200b、 miR- 200a、 miR- 429、 miR- 4251、 miR- 551a、 miR- 4417、 miR- 4689、 miR- 4252、 miR- 34a、 miR- 5697、 miR- 1273d、 miR- 4632、 miR- 3675、 miR- 3972、 miR- 4695、 miR- 1290、 miR- 6084、 miR- 1256、 miR- 4418、 miR- 6127、 miR- 4684、 miR- 4253、 miR- 3115、 miR- 4419a、 miR- 378f、 miR- 4425、 miR- 3917、 miR- 1976、 miR- 4420、 miR- 4254、 miR- 5585、 miR- 3605、 miR- 552、 miR- 4255、 miR- 5581、 miR- 3659、 miR- 30e、 miR- 30c- 1、 miR- 6079、 miR- 5584、 miR- 4421、 miR- 761、 miR- 6500、 miR- 1273f、 miR- 5095、 miR- 1273g、 miR- 4781、 miR- 4422、 miR- 4711、 miR- 3116、 miR- 6068、 miR- 4794、 miR- 3671、 miR- 101、 miR- 3117、 miR- 1262、 miR- 186、 miR- 4423、 miR- 760、 miR- 378g、 miR- 2682、 miR- 137、 miR- 553、 miR- 197、 miR- 4256、 miR- 548a、 miR- 942、 miR- 320b、 miR- 3118、 miR- 6077、 miR- 5087、 miR- 4257、 miR- 554、 miR- 5698、 miR- 190b、 miR- 4258、 miR- 92b、 miR- 555、 miR- 9、 miR- 765、 miR- 4259、 miR- 5187、 miR- 4654、 miR- 556、 miR- 3658、 miR- 921、 miR- 1255b、 miR- 557、 miR- 3119、 miR- 1295a、 miR- 1295b、 miR- 214、 miR- 3120、 miR- 199a、 miR_488、 miR- 4424、 miR- 3121、 miR- 4426、 miR- 1278、 miR- 4735、 miR- 181b、 miR- 181a、 miR- 5191、 miR- 1231、 miR- 135b、 miR- 29c、 miR- 29b、 miR- 205、 miR- 4260、 miR- 3122、 miR- 215、 miR- 194、 miR— 664a、 miR— 4762、 miR— 5008、 miR— 3620、 miR— 4666a、 miR— 1182、 miR— 4427、 miR— 4671、 miR- 4753、 miR- 1537、 miR- 4428、 miR- 3123、 miR- 4677、 miR- 3916、 miR- 3124、 miR- 5699、 miR- 6072、 miR- 6078、 miR- 3155a、 miR- 3155b、 miR- 548a、 miR- 4480、 miR- 4481、 miR- 548q、 miR- 4293、 miR- 1265、 miR- 511、 miR- 4675、 miR- 1915、 miR- 1254、 miR- 603、 miR- 604、 miR- 938、 miR- 3611、 miR- 4683、 miR- 5100、 miR- 3156、 miR- 4294、 miR- 605、 miR- 548f、 miR- 3924、 miR-1296 miR-4676 miR-606 miR-346 miR-4678 miR-4679 miR-107 miR-3157 miR-5686 miR-607 miR-1287 miR-4685 miR-6507 miR-608 miR-3158 miR-146b miR-1307 miR-936 miR - 609、 miR - 4482、 miR - 4680、 miR - 548e、 miR-6715a miR - 6715b、 miR - 4295、 miR - 4483、 miR- 2110、 miR- 3663、 miR- 4681、 miR- 4682、 miR- 3941、 miR- 4296、 miR- 4484、 miR- 4297、 miR-378c miR - 202、 miR - 3944、 miR - 210、 miR - 4298、 miR - 675、 miR - 483、 miR - 4686、 miR - 4687、 miR- 302e、 miR- 5691、 miR- 4485、 miR- 4299、 miR- 6124、 miR- 6073、 miR- 3159、 miR- 4486、 miR- 4694、 miR- 610、 miR- 1343、 miR- 3973、 miR- 670、 miR- 129、 miR- 4688、 miR- 3160、 miR- 5582、 miR-4487、 miR- 3161、 miR- 6128、 miR_3162、 miR_6503、 miR- 4488、 miR- 611、 miR_6514、 miR-1237 miR-192 miR-612 miR-4690 miR-4489 miR-3163 miR-469KmiR-3164 miR-3664 miR-3165 miR-139 miR-4692 miR-4696 miR-326 miR-708 miR-5579 miR-4300 miR-3166 miR- 4490、 miR- 1261、 miR- 1304、 miR- 5481、 miR- 3920、 miR_4693、 miR- 4491、 miR- 4301、 miR - 6716、 miR - 4492、 miR - 3656、 miR - 100、 miR - 4493、 miR - 3167、 miR - 6090、 miR - 4397、 miR- 3649、 miR- 141、 miR- 1244、 miR- 613、 miR- 614、 miR- 3974、 miR- 920、 miR- 4302、 miR- 4698、 miR- 130a、 miR_548k、 miR- 120b、 miR_34c、 miR_34b、 miR- 125b、 miR- let- 7a、 miR_200c、 miR- 4494、 miR- 6505、 miR- 1291、 miR- 4701、 miR- 1293、 miR- 615、 miR- 3198、 miR- 1228、 miR-616 miR-6125 miR-6074 miR-6502 miR-1279 miR-3913 miR-1252 miR-617 miR-618 miR-4699 miR-5700 miR-492 miR-33KmiR-3685 miR-125KmiR-4495 miR-4303 miR-182K miR-3652 miR-4496 miR-619 miR-4497 miR-3657 miR-1302 miR-620 miR-4472 miR-1178 miR-4498、 miR-4700、 miR-4304、 miR-3908、 miR_5188、 miR-4419 miR_3612、 miR_4499、 miR- 2276、 miR- 4305、 miR- 320d、 miR- 196a、 miR- 148b、 miR- 26a、 miR- let- 7i、 miR- 548z、 miR- 548c、 miR- 135a、 miR- 621、 miR- 3168、 miR- 5006、 miR- 3613、 miR- 16、 miR- 15a、 miR- 5693、 miR_4703、 miR- 759、 miR- 1297、 miR_5007、 miR_3169、 miR_548x、 miR_3665、 miR_4500、 miR- 622、 miR- 17、 miR- 18a、 miR- 19a、 miR- 20a、 miR- 19b、 miR- 92a、 miR- 4501、 miR- 623、 miR- 4306、 miR- 2681、 miR- 4705、 miR- 1267、 miR- 4502、 miR- 6717、 miR- 4707、 miR- 208a、 miR - 208b、 miR - 4307、 miR - 3171、 miR - 624、 miR - 4503、 miR - 548y、 miR - 6076、 miR - 4504、 miR- 5580、 miR- 4308、 miR- 5586、 miR- 548h、 miR- 4706、 miR- 4708、 miR- 625、 miR- 5694、 miR-4505、 miR- 4709、 miR- 1260a、 miR- 4506、 miR- 3173、 miR- 151b、 miR_342、 miR_345、 miR- 2392、 miR- 770、 miR- 493、 miR- 337、 miR- 665、 miR- 431、 miR- 433、 miR- 127、 miR- 432、 miR- 136、 miR- 370、 miR- 379、 miR- 411、 miR- 299、 miR- 380、 miR- 1197、 miR- 323a、 miR- 758、 miR- 329、 miR- 494、 miR- 1193、 miR- 543、 miR- 495、 miR- 376c、 miR- 376a、 miR- 654、 miR- 376b、 miR- 300、 miR- 1185、 miR- 381、 miR- 487b、 miR- 539、 miR- 889、 miR- 544a、 miR- 655、 miR- 487a、 miR- 382、 miR- 134、 miR- 688、 miR- 485、 miR- 323b、 miR- 154、 miR- 496、 miR- 377、 miR- 541、 miR— 409、 miR— 412、 miR— 369、 miR— 410、 miR— 656、 miR— 1247、 miR— 4309、 miR— 203a、 miR— 203b、 miR- 4710、 miR- 4539、 miR- 4507、 miR- 4537、 miR- 5195、 miR- 5701、 miR- 1268a、 miR- 4509、 miR- 4508、 miR- 4715、 miR- 211、 miR- 1233、 miR- 3942、 miR- 4510、 miR- 626、 miR- 4310、 miR- 627、 miR-1282、 miR_147b、 miR-4716 miR_4712、 miR-4713 miR-1266 miR_628、 miR-2116 miR-6085、 miR- 190a、 miR- 4229、 miR- 1272、 miR- 4511、 miR- 4311、 miR- 4512、 miR_629、 miR- 630、 miR- 4513、 miR- 631、 miR- 4313、 miR- 3713、 miR- 184、 miR- 5572、 miR- 549a、 miR- 4514、 miR- 4515、 miR- 1276、 miR- 1179、 miR- 7、 miR- 3529、 miR- 5094、 miR- 5009、 miR- 3174、 miR- 3175、 miR- 1469、 miR- 4714、 miR- 5587、 miR- 3176、 miR_662、 miR- 3177、 miR- 1225、 miR- 6511b、 miR-4516 miR- 3180、 miR_3677、 miR_940、 miR-4717 miR- 3178、 miR- 193b、 miR_365a、 miR- 3179、 miR- 3670、 miR- 6511a、 miR- 1972、 miR- 6506、 miR- 484、 miR_548w、 miR- 4721、 miR-4517 miR-4518 miR-4519 miR-762 miR-318KmiR-3935 miR-138 miR-328 miR-1538 miR- 140、 miR- 4719、 miR- 4720、 miR- 3183、 miR- 22、 miR- 132、 miR- 212、 miR- 1253、 miR- 4520a、 miR- 4520b、 miR- 195、 miR- 497、 miR- 324、 miR- 3414、 miR- 4521、 miR- 3676、 miR- 744、 miR- 12969b、 miR- 4731、 miR- 1288、 miR- 33b、 miR- 1180、 miR- 4522、 miR- 4723、 miR- 451a、 miR-451b miR-144 miR-4732 miR-4532 miR-423 miR-3184 miR-4733 miR-4724 miR-193a miR- 4725、 miR- 362b、 miR- 632、 miR- 2909、 miR- 378j、 miR- 4734、 miR- 4726、 miR- 4727、 miR-4728、 miR-6510 miR-5010 miR-2117 miR-4315 miR-5089、 miR_152、 miR-1203 miR-10a、 miR-3185 miR-6129 miR-6165 miR-3614 miR_142、 miR_4736、 miR_454、 miR_301a、 miR- 6129、 miR- 6125、 miR- 3614、 miR- 142、 miR- 4736、 miR- 454、 miR- 301a、 miR- 4729、 miR- 21、 miR- 4737、 miR- 633、 miR- 3064、 miR- 5047、 miR- 6080、 miR- 634、 miR- 635、 miR- 4524b、 miR- 4524a、 miR- 3615、 miR- 3678、 miR- 4738、 miR- 636、 miR- 4316、 miR- 4739、 miR- 1268b、 miR-4730 miR-657 miR-3065 miR-338 miR-1250 miR-4740 miR-3186 miR-4525 miR-6718 miR- 3976、 miR- 4317、 miR- 5190、 miR- 4526、 miR- 133a、 miR- 1、 miR- 4741、 miR- 320f、 miR- 3975、 miR-187 miR-3929 miR-4318 miR-924 miR-5583 miR-4319 miR-4527 miR-4743 miR-4744 miR- 1539、 miR- 4320、 miR- 4528、 miR- 4529、 miR- 122、 miR- 3591、 miR- 5011、 miR- 4745、 miR-3187 miR- 1909、 miR- 1227、 miR- 4321、 miR_637、 miR_4746、 miR_4747、 miR_3940、 miR- 4999、 miR- 5589、 miR- 4322、 miR- 1238、 miR- 638、 miR- 4748、 miR- 199a、 miR- 5684、 miR- 5695、 miR- 6515、 miR- 24、 miR- 27a、 miR- 23a、 miR- 181c、 miR- 181d、 miR- 639、 miR- 1470、 miR-3189 miR-640 miR-1270 miR-5196 miR-4530 miR-6714 miR-64KmiR-4323 miR-453K miR- 6088、 miR- 330、 miR- 642a、 miR- 642b、 miR- 769、 miR- 320e、 miR- 3190、 miR- 4324、 miR- 150、 miR- 5088、 miR- 4749、 miR- 4750、 miR- 4751、 miR- 99b、 miR- let- 7e、 miR- 125a、 miR- 643、 miR-512 miR-1323 miR-498 miR-515 miR-520e miR-519e miR-520f miR-519c miR-1283 miR-520a miR-526b miR-525 miR-523 miR-518f miR-520b miR-518b miR-526a miR-520c miR-518c miR- 524、 miR_517a、 miR_519d、 miR_520d、 miR- 516b、 miR- 526a、 miR_518e、 miR- 518a、 miR- 518d、 miR- 516a、 miR- 517c、 miR- 520h、 miR- 521、 miR- 522、 miR- 519a、 miR- 527、 miR-516a miR-516b miR-371a miR-371b miR-372 miR-935 miR-4752 miR-4754 miR-426K miR- 4429、 miR- 4262、 miR- 3681、 miR- 3125、 miR- 4757、 miR- 1301、 miR- 4263、 miR- 558、 miR-4765 miR-4430 miR-559 miR-443KmiR-3682 miR-217 miR-216a miR-216b miR-4432 miR- 5192、 miR- 4433、 miR- 4434、 miR- 4778、 miR- 3126、 miR- 5000、 miR- 4264、 miR- 6071、 miR- 4779、 miR- 4771、 miR- 4435、 miR- 4780、 miR- 4436a、 miR- 3127、 miR- 5696、 miR- 4772、 miR- 4265、 miR- 4436b、 miR- 4771、 miR- 4435、 miR- 4780、 miR- 4436a、 miR- 3127、 miR- 5696、 miR- 4772、 miR_4265、 miR_4436b、 miR- 4771、 miR_4782、 miR_4783、 miR_4784、 miR- 663b、 miR-3679 miR-5590 miR-128 miR-4773 miR-4785 miR-933 miR-10b miR-1246 miR-4444 miR- 3128、 miR- 6512、 miR- 1258、 miR- 561、 miR- 1245a、 miR- 1245b、 miR- 3606、 miR- 3129、 miR-3130 miR-2355 miR-4775 miR-4776 miR-4438 miR-6513 miR-26b miR-375 miR-313K miR- 153、 miR- 3132、 miR_4268、 miR_4439、 miR_5702、 miR- 5703、 miR- 4777、 miR- 1471、 miR-562 miR-500KmiR-4440 miR-444KmiR-4269 miR-2467 miR-4786 miR-149 miR-3138 miR— 1292、 miR_3192、 miR_663a、 miR_3193、 miR— 1825、 miR— 4755、 miR— 644a、 miR— 499a、 miR- 499b、 miR- 1289、 miR- 3646、 miR- 3617、 miR- 3616、 miR_645、 miR_3197、 miR- 4756、 miR-4325 miR-4525 miR-296 miR-298 miR-646 miR-4533 miR-1257 miR-3195 miR-4758 miR-124 miR-3196 miR-4326 miR-94KmiR-647 miR-3648 miR-3687 miR-999 miR-let-7c miR-548x miR-6130 miR-155 miR-4759 miR-4327 miR-650KmiR-802 miR-6508 miR-4760 miR-3197 miR-6070 miR-3198 miR-648 miR-476KmiR-185 miR-3618 miR-1306 miR-1286 miR-649 miR-301b miR-130b miR-650 miR-557KmiR-548j\miR-3199 miR-5739 miR-3653 miR-3200 miR-3928 miR-4764 miR-3909 miR-6069 miR-658 miR-659 miR-4534 miR-4766 miR- 1281、 miR- 33a、 miR- 378i、 miR- 1249、 miR_4762、 miR- 3619、 miR- 1184、 miR- 664b、 miR- 718、 miR- 3202、 miR- 767、 miR- 105、 miR- 452、 miR- 224、 miR- 4330、 miR- 2114、 miR- 514a、 miR- 510、 miR- 509、 miR- 514b、 miR- 507、 miR- 506、 miR- 513a、 miR- 513c、 miR- 891a、 miR- 891b、 miR - 892b、 miR - 888、 miR - 890、 miR - 892c、 miR - 504、 miR - 934、 miR - 424、 miR - 503、 miR - 542、 miR- 450a、 miR- 450b、 miR- 45b、 miR- 106a、 miR- 18b、 miR- 20b、 miR- 363、 miR- 3672、 miR- 766、 miR-1277 miR-448 miR-191KmiR-1298 miR-1264 miR-1912 miR-764 miR-4329 miR-3978 miR- 652、 miR- 6087、 miR- 518m、 miR- 361、 miR- 1321、 miR- 4328、 miR- 325、 miR- 384、 miR- 374a、 miR - 545、 miR - 374c、 miR - 374b、 miR - 421、 miR - 676、 miR - 223、 miR - 1468、 miR - 4536、 miR - 98、 miR- 502、 miR- 660、 miR- 500b、 miR- 501、 miR- 362、 miR- 500a、 miR- 188、 miR- 532、 miR- 4769、 miR-222 miR-22KmiR-1587 miR-3937 miR-3915 miR-4666b miR-6134 miR-23c miR-4768 miR-6086 miR-65KmiR-4767 miR-4770 miR-6089 miR-3690 miR-602 miR-362KmiR-4479 miR- 4292、 miR- 6722、 miR- 126、 miR- 4674、 miR- 4673、 miR- 3689a、 miR- 3689b、 miR- 3689c、 miR-3689e miR - 3689d、 miR - 3689f、 miR - 4669、 miR - 2964a、 miR - 3154、 miR - 5683、 miR - 5689、 miR-548a miR-3143 miR-877 miR-4646 miR-1236 miR-672KmiR-219 miR-3934 miR-1275 miR-5690 miR-3925 miR-4462 miR-4647 miR-4642 miR-586 miR-206 miR-133b miR-4282 miR-2113 miR-4643 miR-4464 miR-3674 miR-67KmiR-3907 miR-4468 miR-490 miR-6509 miR- 29a、 miR- 29b、 miR- 335、 miR- 3654、 miR- 6133、 miR- 183、 miR- 96、 miR- 182、 miR- 129、 miR- 593、 miR- 592、 miR- 6132、 miR- 106b、 miR- 93、 miR- 25、 miR- 591、 miR- 489、 miR- 653、 miR- 1286、 miR- 590、 miR- 1200、 miR- 550b、 miR- 55a、 miR- 196b、 miR- 148a、 miR- 589、 miR- 339、 miR— 1202、 miR— 30a、 miR— 587、 miR— 548b、 miR— 588、 miR— 199b、 miR— 181a、 miR— 3911、 miR— 601、 miR-14a miR-455 miR-32 miR-24 miR-23b miR-27b miR-let-7d miR-let-7a miR-let-7f miR- 4291、 miR- 4670、 miR- 4651、 miR- 4290、 miR- 204、 miR- 1299、 miR- 4477a、 miR- 4477b、 miR- 4540、 miR- 4475、 miR- 873、 miR- 876、 miR- 31、 miR- 491、 miR- 4474、 miR- 4473、 miR- 1234、 miR- 939、 miR- 661、 miR- 937、 miR- 151a、 miR- 30d、 miR- 30b、 miR- 5194、 miR- 661、 miR- 937、 miR- 4662、 miR- 151a、 miR- 3669、 miR- 3673、 miR -、 miR- 1208、 miR- 1207、 miR- 1206、 miR- 1205、 miR- 1204、 miR_4662a、 miR_4662b、 miR-4663 miR- 3610、 miR- 2053、 miR_5680、 miR- 4471、 miR- 875、 miR- 599、 miR- 3150a、 miR- 3150b、 miR- 4661、 miR- 3149、 miR- 2052、 miR- 5681a、 miR- 5681b、 miR- 4470、 miR- 4469、 miR- 486、 miR- 3148、 miR- 4288、 miR- 4287、 miR- 3622a、 miR-3622b miR-3926 miR-383 miR-598 miR-1322 miR-4286 miR-124 miR-597 miR-4660 miR-4659b、 miR_596、 miR-5707)。 也可以包括任何形式的 microRNA, 优选包括天然的功能 性 microRNA或其表达载体、 人工合成的功能性 microRNA或其表达载体、 或其组合。
本发明所述的功能性 siRNA可包括各个物种的 siRNA, 如包括动物、植物或微生物的功能 性 siRNA。 也可以包括任何形式的 siRNA, 优选包括天然的功能性 siRNA或其表达载体、 人工 合成的功能性 siRNA或其表达载体、 或其组合。 本发明所用的人工合成的功能性 microRNA或 siRNA可按本领域常规方法合成得到。 本发明所述的功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的用途
本发明所述的 microRNA和 /或 siRNA可作为活性成分, 用于制备施用于哺乳动物(如人) 的组合物, 所述组合物后在动物体内的第一部位中形成细胞微粒子, 并被运送到第二部位, 从而改善第二部位的生理状态或治疗第二部位的疾病, 其中第二部位不同于第一部位。
其中,所述的疾病包括 microRNA和 /或 siRNA特异性相关疾病,所述 microRNA和 /或 siRNA 特异性相关疾病是指所述 microRNA和 /或 siRNA可改善或治愈的疾病,包括 (但不限于):肿瘤, 急慢性传染病(例如病毒性流感、 病毒性肝炎、 艾滋病、 SARS的病毒性疾病, 例如结核、 细菌性肺炎的细菌性疾病, 以及其它各种病原微生物导致的急慢性传染病等), 以及其 它急慢性疾病(例如呼吸***疾病, 免疫***疾病, 血液与造血***疾病, 如心脑血管 疾病的循环***疾病, 内分泌***代谢性疾病, 消化***疾病, 神经***疾病, 泌尿系 统疾病, 生殖***疾病和运动***疾病等)。 本发明所述的施用方式或给药方式
本发明所述的活性成分可通过胃肠道, 鼻腔, 气管, 肺, 非病灶部位的静脉或表皮、 皮内、 皮下, 心内, 肌肉, 骨髓, 腹腔, 硬膜外, 口腔, 舌下, 眼部, 直肠, ***, 尿道, 耳道等途径给药。 优选施用方式或给药方式包括: 口服、 呼吸道、 注射、 透皮、 粘膜、 或 腔道给药。
其中, 所述口服给药的方式包括吞服、 含化等。 所述呼吸道给药的方式为吸入方式, 包括超声雾化吸入、 氧气雾化吸入、 手压式雾化吸入等。 所述注射给药的方式包括动脉注 射、 肌肉注射、 心内注射、 皮下注射、 皮内注射等。 所述透皮给药或经皮给药, 包括离子 导入法、 电致孔透皮法等。 所述粘膜给药的方式包括鼻粘膜给药、 口腔粘膜给药、 眼粘 膜给药、 直肠粘膜给药、 子宫给药及***粘膜给药等。 所述腔道给药的方式包括直肠给 药、 ***给药、 尿道给药、 鼻腔给药、 耳道给药等。 本发明所述的第一部位和第二部位
在本发明中, 本发明所述的第二部位不同于本发明所述的第一部位。
本发明所述的第一部位是指动物体内, 具有吸收 microRNA和 /或 s iRNA并将其以细胞微 粒子包裹形式重新分泌的能力的各个细胞、 组织和 /或器官。 例如: 肝脏、 肺脏、 胃肠道、 乳腺、 肾脏、 脑、 脾脏、 淋巴、 甲状腺、 生殖器官、 血细胞、 淋巴细胞等。
本发明所述的第二部位是指在第一部位形成的细胞微粒子被运送到的另一部位,并在此 部位发挥功能的, 所述第二部位包括细胞、 组织和 /或器官, 例如: 脑、 松果体、 垂体、 目艮、 耳、 鼻、 口、 咽、 腮腺、 扁桃体、 食道、 气管、 甲状腺、 胸腺、 乳腺、 肺、 心脏、 胃、 肠、 阑尾、 肝脏、 胆囊、 脾脏、 胰腺、 肾脏、 输尿管、 膀胱、 尿道、 子宫、 卵巢、 输卵管、 阴 道、 输精管、 ***、 ***、 睾丸、 ***、 骨骼、 肌肉、 ***、 神经、 淋巴、 结直肠、 血液、 骨髓、 皮肤等。 细胞微粒子
细胞微粒子是机体内细胞在正常和病理状态下都会分泌的直径在 30-lOOOnm之间的膜 结构小体, 由细胞膜类似的膜结构包裹的、 包含细胞内容物的天然小颗粒, 包括 exosome 和 shedding ves icle两种。 体内和体外的实验都证明细胞微粒子可以由红细胞、 B细胞、 T 细胞、 树突状细胞、 肥大细胞、 上皮细胞和肿瘤细胞等多种细胞分泌。 细胞把特异的生物 活性分子如蛋白质、 mRNA等包裹到细胞微粒子中, 这些生物活性分子通过细胞微粒子被运 输到相应的受体细胞并调节受体细胞的生物功能, 这种由细胞微粒子介导的细胞间信息传 递在一些生理和病理过程中扮演着十分重要的作用。
本发明所述细胞微粒子包括各种大小在 10-500nm之间, 由细胞分泌的, 具有脂质双层 膜的天然生物囊泡, 包括 exosome、 shedding vesicles以及针对各种细胞分泌的 shedding ves icles的特称。
如本发明所用 "包裹有功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的细胞微粒子" 、 "分泌性 microRNA 和 /或 siRNA" 、 "细胞微粒子 -microRNA和 /或 siRNA复合物"可互换使用。
本发明所述的包裹有功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的细胞微粒子,可以是按本领域常用方 法制得, 优选按以下步骤制得: 将功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA施用于哺乳动物(如人)并被摄 入,从而在所述哺乳动物的某一部位(如本发明所述的第一部位)中将摄入的功能性 microRNA 和 /或 siRNA进行包裹, 形成细胞微粒子。 所述的细胞微粒子是可释放的, 并可运送至另一部 位 (如病灶部位)。 例如, 所述的细胞微粒子可进入动物体的循环***, 然后进入病灶部位。
本发明所述的细胞微粒子包裹有本发明所述的功能性 microRNA和 /或 s iRNA (即分泌性 microRNA和 /或 s iRNA), 被运送至病灶部位, 并发挥治疗及预防病灶部位疾病的作用。所述 "分泌性"是指上述 microRNA或 siRNA在进入动物体(如人)后,在某一部位被加工成细胞微 粒子并被运送 (如通过血液循环)至另一部位(即病灶部位)。 本发明提供了一种产生和检测分泌性 microRNA和 /或 s iRNA的方法, 包括步骤:
1. 制备 microRNA或 siRNA;
所述 microRNA或 siRNA的制备方式包括: 化学合成 microRNA成熟体序列或 s iRNA成熟体 序列、 通过载体表达 microRNA成熟体序列或 siRNA成熟体序列、 或提取天然 microRNA或 s iRNA。
2. 将 microRNA或 s iRNA施用于动物(如人);
3. 检测动物血液中分泌性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的含量;
所述方法包括:荧光实时定量 PCR法。优选的,所述荧光实时定量 PCR法(Real-time PCR) 检测分泌性 microRNA和 /或 s iRNA含量的具体方法包括以下步骤: 1)提取血清 RNA; 2)对血清 RNA进行逆转录(RT), 然后对其产物 cDNA进行 PCR扩增。根据 PCR反应中的得到的 CT值, 推导 出最初参与反应的血清中特定分泌性 mi cr oRNA和 /或 s i RNA的含量。 药物组合物
本发明所述的活性成分是指本发明所述的功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA。 其中所述的 microRNA和 /或 siRNA被施用于哺乳动物后, 在所述哺乳动物的第一部位中被包裹, 从而形成 细胞微粒子。 所述的细胞微粒子是可释放的, 并可运送至第二部位, 所述的第二部位为病灶 部位。
本发明的药物组合物包含安全有效量范围内的活性成分及药理上可以接受的赋形 剂或载体。 其中 "安全有效量" 指的是: 活性成分的量足以明显改善病情, 而不至于产 生严重的副作用。通常, 药物组合物含有 l-2000mg活性成分 /剂, 更佳地, 含有 10_200mg 活性成分 /剂。 较佳地, 所述的 "一剂" 为一个注射剂。
"药学上可以接受的载体" 指的是: 一种或多种相容性固体或液体填料或凝胶物 质, 它们适合于人使用, 而且必须有足够的纯度和足够低的毒性。 "相容性" 在此指的 是组合物中各组份能和活性成分以及它们之间相互掺和, 而不明显降低活性成分的药 效。 药学上可以接受的载体部分例子有纤维素及其衍生物(如羧甲基纤维素钠、 乙基纤 维素钠等)、 明胶、 固体润滑剂(如硬脂酸、 硬脂酸镁)、 硫酸钙、 植物油(如豆油、 橄榄 油等)、 多元醇(如丙二醇、 甘露醇、 山梨醇等)、 乳化剂(如吐温 ®)、 润湿剂(如十二烷 基硫酸钠)、 稳定剂、 抗氧化剂、 防腐剂、 无热原水等。
本发明所述的药物组合物的给药方式与本发明所述的施用方式(或给药方式)一致。 本发明所述药物组合物的剂型与给药方式一致,例如 (但不限于): 片剂、胶囊剂、粉剂、 丸剂、 颗粒剂、 糖浆剂、 溶液、 混悬液、 乳剂、 混悬剂、 喷雾剂、 气雾剂、 粉雾剂、 挥发性 液体、 注射液、 粉针剂、 外用溶液剂、 洗剂、 浇淋剂、 搽剂、 巴布膏剂、 膏药、 橡胶膏剂、 软膏剂、 硬膏剂、 糊剂、 滴眼剂、 滴鼻剂、 眼用软膏剂、 含漱剂、 舌下片剂、 栓剂等。 治疗方法
本发明提供了一种治疗方法, 所述方法包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对象 (如哺乳动物, 包 括人), 在第一部位(如远离病灶部位)施用本发明所述的功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA, 从而 治疗所述对象第二部位(即病灶部位)的疾病。
在另一优选例中, 所述方法包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对象, 在第一部位施用本发明所述 的功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA,所述的 microRNA和 /或 siRNA被摄入并被包裹形成细胞微粒子 后, 被释放、 运送至第二部位, 从而治疗所述对象第二部位的疾病, 其中, 所述的第二部位 不同于 (优选为远离)第一部位。
在另一优选例中, 所述的施用方式(即给药方式)优选包括口服、 呼吸道、 注射、 透皮、 粘膜、 腔道给药等。 具体如上文所述。 所述的第一部位或第二部位如上文所述。 本发明还提供了一种治疗方法, 包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对象, 施用本发明所述的药 物组合物, 从而治疗所述对象的疾病。 本发明提供了一种更加优选地治疗方法, 具体包括步骤: (1) 根据疾病的种类确定能 够起到疾病治疗作用的 microRNA和 /或 s iRNA; (2) 制备相应的 microRNA或 siRNA; (3) 将 microRNA或 s iRNA注射入人体; (4)检测体内血清中分泌性 microRNA或 s iRNA的含量; (5)检 测靶细胞中 microRNA或 SiRNA的含量; (6)检测靶细胞功能的改变; (7)检测疾病治疗效果。 细胞微粒子介导的 microRNA传输作为新型给药方式治疗疾病的优点
由于细胞微粒子是由细胞分泌的、 由细胞膜类似的膜结构包裹的、 包含细胞内容物的 天然小颗粒, 它可以很容易的进入细胞, 并且无毒副作用, 因此细胞微粒子是一种高效的 药物载体。 由于细胞可以不间断地分泌细胞微粒子, 它的获取相对容易, 成本较低。 经过 改造处理的细胞微粒子还可以特异性地靶向受体细胞如肿瘤细胞, 进而治疗疾病。 本发明的主要优点是:
1. 提供了一种异位治疗疾病的方法, 所述方法包括, 给患者在远离病灶部位 (如胆总 管)施用功能性 microRNA/siRNA,在其某一部位形成细胞微粒子, 即 "细胞微粒子一功能性 microRNA/s iRNA"复合物,并被运送(如通过进入循环***)至即病灶部位(如淋巴细胞等), 从而达到治疗病灶部位疾病的作用。
2. 细胞微粒子作为一种天然的生物相容性材料, 使其充当载体介导的外源 microRNA 及 s iRNA的传输, 有利于为将 microRNA及 s iRNA作为抗病药物在全身进行给药治疗疾病。 发 展细胞微粒子介导的外源 microRNA作为药物治疗疾病具有巨大的应用前景和市场价值。
下面结合具体实施, 进一步阐述本发明。 应理解, 这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不 用于限制本发明的范围。 下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法, 通常按照常规条件, 例如 Sambrook等人, 分子克隆: 实验室手册(New York : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989)中所述的条件, 或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。 除非另外说明, 否则百分比 和份数按重量计算。 实施例 1 静脉注射人工合成 siRNA可进入肝细胞及淋巴细胞
本实施例通过尾静脉注射方式, 将人工合成的 siRNA注入小鼠体内。 siRNA在小鼠体内 被肝细胞重新吸收, 再次通过细胞微粒子将 siRNA分泌入血液, 在血液中形成 "细胞微粒子 -siRNA复合物" 。 循环***中的淋巴细胞会摄取 "细胞微粒子 -siRNA复合物" , 复合物中 的 siRNA会进入淋巴细胞并发挥相应的作用。
主要实验材料:
Balbc雄性小鼠数只(18_22g)、 戊巴比妥钠、 注射器、 人工合成 siRNA 092-3及 NC (上海 吉玛制药技术有限公司)、 淋巴细胞分离液(天津市灏洋生物制品科技有限责任公司)、 TaqMan探针(miR-U6及 092-3)及实时荧光定量 PCR (Real-Time quantitative PCR)相关试剂 (Takara公司)。
实验方法及步骤:
1. 动物实验: 雄性 Balbc小鼠(南京大学模式动物所), 词养 3d后将饮食、 饮水、 活动 正常者纳入实验。 随机分组后, 分别给小鼠尾静脉注射生理盐水 (Normal 组)、 阴性对照 siRNA (NC组)及 092-3 siRNA (092-3组), 于 6h、 12h、 18h和 24h处死小鼠, 取血及肝组织。
2. 淋巴细胞的分离: 将新鲜的 1ml抗凝血与 PBS以 1 : 1混匀后, 加于 2ml的细胞分离 液液面之上, 以 2000转 /分的速度离心 15分钟, 此时离心管中由上至下分为四层, 收集第 二层环状呈乳白色的淋巴细胞放入含 4-5ml PBS的试管中, 充分混匀后, 以 2000转 /分的速 度离心 20分钟, 所得沉淀即为淋巴细胞。
3. Real-Time quantitative PCR检测肝组织及淋巴细胞中 092-3 siRNA水平:
(1) 使用 Trizol试剂(Invitrogen公司)提取淋巴组织和肝组织中的 RNA;
(2) 通过 RNA逆转录反应得到 cDNA, 反应体系为: 2 μ 1 淋巴细胞或肝组织的 RNA, 2 μ 1 5 X AMV缓冲液、 1 μ 1 lOmM各种 dNTP混合物(Takara公司)、 0. 5 μ 1 AMV (Takara公司)以及 1 μ 1 miR-U6 或 092-3逆转录引物 (美国 ABI公司), 用 3. 5 μ 1 DEPC水补足体积至 10 μ 1。
(3) 进行 Real-Time quantitative PCR, 反应体系及反应程序如下表 1所示:
表 1
Figure imgf000014_0001
进行 PCR反应, 条件为 95°C 5 min, 95 °C 15s, 60 °C lmin, 40个循环。
(4) 检测结果经分析
结果表明, 在尾静脉注射人工合成的 siRNA 092-3 (上海吉玛制药技术有限公司)后 6小 时, 小鼠肝脏中的该外源 siRNA的含量显著升高, 12小鼠后仍然高于正常水平, 但略低于 6 小时的情况。 之后, 在 18小时后恢复到正常情况, 结果见图 1A。 图中, Normal组表示尾静 脉注射生理盐水组, NC组表示尾静脉注射人工合成的阴性对照 siRNA, 092-3组表示尾静脉 注射人工合成的 siRNA。
在尾静脉注射人工合成的 092-3后 6小时, 小鼠淋巴细胞中同样检测到了高表达的该外 源 s iRNA, 其高浓度持续到注射后 18小时, 并在 24小时时渐渐恢复正常, 结果见图 1B。 上述结果可以看出, 静脉注射人工合成 s iRNA后, 所述外源 siRNA确实可以通过血液循 环被相关组织吸收, 如肝脏。
所述外源 s iRNA也进入了淋巴细胞内。 然而, 所述外源 s iRNA进入淋巴细胞的原因可能 有两种: (1) 肝脏可以作为一个发生器, 将外源 s iRNA加工成被细胞微粒子包裹的 s iRNA, 或称 "细胞微粒子 -s iRNA复合物" ,所述分泌 siRNA然后进入循环***,被循环***中的淋 巴细胞吸收, 从而进入其中。 (2) 淋巴细胞可能直接吞噬静脉注射后血液中的游离 siRNA 而导致淋巴细胞中 s iRNA含量升高。
因此, 为了排除第二种可能性, 发明人进行如下实验 (见实施例 2)。 实施例 2 小鼠胆总管注射人工合成的 microRNA可进入肝脏和 T细胞
本实施例通过向小鼠胆总管注射人工合成 microRNA: HA2-1 , 结果显示, 在此种注射 方式下, 外源性 microRNA同样可以进入肝细胞和淋巴细胞。
主要实验材料:
Balbc雄性小鼠数只(18_22g)、 戊巴比妥钠, 人工合成 microRNA (HA2-1)、 手术器械、 静脉注射针、注射器、手术缝合线、淋巴细胞分离液 (天津市灏洋生物制品科技有限责任公 司)及 Real-Time quantitat ive PCR相关试剂 (Takara公司)。
实验方法及步骤:
1. 动物实验:
( 1) 用戊巴比妥钠, 按照 40mg/kg体重的剂量麻醉小鼠;
(2) 小鼠麻醉后,将其固定在试验台上,在小鼠腹部隔膜下方 (肝脏处)剪开长约 l-2cm 的创口, 找到胆总管;
(3)将人工合成的 microRNA注射进胆总管,此时针头***胆总管的方向指向肝脏方向, 注射剂量为 200微升, 注射时可看到肝脏接近胆总管处略微发白, 证明注射成功;
(4) 缝合小鼠伤口, 放于温暖处, 16h后处死, 取血及肝组织。
2. 随后的淋巴细胞分离、 Real-Time quantitat ive PCR检测肝组织及淋巴细胞中 HA2-1 含量测试的实验步骤同实施例 1。
结果如图 2A和图 2B所示, 通过胆总管将人工合成的 microRNA注射进入小鼠后 16小时, 小鼠肝脏和淋巴细胞中的外源 microRNA的表达也显著上升。 图中, Normal组表示尾静脉注 射生理盐水组, HA2-1组表示尾静脉注射人工合成的 microRNA。
由于在此实施例中,淋巴细胞并没有直接接触注射进小鼠体内的游离 microRNA, 因此, 此结果排除了实施例 1中,淋巴细胞可能直接吞噬静脉注射后血液中的游离 microRNA而导致 淋巴细胞中 microRNA含量升高的可能。
进一步证明了淋巴细胞中外源 microRNA进入的方式为: 通过胆总管注射的 microRNA进 入肝脏一microRNA被肝细胞以 "细胞微粒子 -microRNA复合物" 的形式分泌到循环***→ 循环***中的 "细胞微粒子 -microRNA复合物"被血液中的淋巴细胞捕获而进入淋巴细胞。
发明人同样进行了小鼠胆总管注射人工合成 s iRNA的实验,结果表明:经胆总管注射后, 人工合成 s iRNA同样进入了肝细胞及淋巴细胞, 说明了外源 siRNA进入淋巴细胞的方式同样 是: 通过胆总管注射进入肝脏→被肝细胞以细胞微粒子的形式分泌到循环***→循环*** 中的细胞微粒子被血液中的淋巴细胞捕获从而进入淋巴细胞。 实施例 3 静脉注射 microRNA表达质粒可进入肝脏及 T细胞
主要实验材料:
Balbc雄性小鼠数只(18_22g)、 戊巴比妥钠、 注射器、 人工构建的过表达 miR-145的质 粒(pAd-miR-145)及腺病毒(Ad-miR-145) (本实验室)、 淋巴细胞分离液(天津市灏洋生物制 品科技有限公司)、 TaqMan探针(miR-U6及! niR-145)及 Real-Time quant itat ive PCR相关试 剂(Takara公司)。
实验方法及步骤:
1. 过表达 miR-145的重组腺病毒(Ad-miR-145)的构建
( 1)重组质粒 pCMV-miR-145的构建
提取小鼠的基因组, 克隆 miR-145的 pre-miR-145序列, 经酶切、 酶连将克隆的目的片 段连接到经 Pacl酶切的 pAdTrack-CMV载体上, 随后经测序鉴定, 将正确克隆命名为: pCMV- miR- 145。
(2)重组腺病毒穿梭质粒 pAd-miR-145的构建
将上步构建的 PCMV-miR-145质粒经 Pmel酶切,线性化后, 与腺病毒骨架质粒 pAdEasy-1 电穿孔共转化 BJ5183。 经测序鉴定将正确的克隆命名为 pAd-miR-145 (miR-145 plasmid) , 同时制备空载体腺病毒 pAd-control (control plasmid)作为阴性对照。
(3)重组腺病毒 Ad-control和 Ad-miR-145的获得及扩增纯化
抽提上述重组腺病毒质粒 pAd-miR-145和 pAd-control, 转染 70%贴壁的 HEK293T, 在荧 光显微镜下观察噬斑的形成及病毒带有绿色荧光蛋白基因的表达。转染后的第 12-14天, 收 集发生病变的细胞, 于 -80 °C及 37 °C反复冻融 3-4次裂解细胞, 于 100, 000g, 4°C离心 lOmin 后, 收集含病毒的上清, 用收集的上清再次感染 HEK 293T细胞, 大量扩增腺病毒并进行鉴 定。 随后根据纯化病毒试剂盒的操作说明对病毒进行纯化, 用空斑法对 Ad-miR-145重组病 毒和 Ad-control空载体病毒进行病毒滴度的测定, 最后将备至好的高滴度的 Ad-miR-145重 组病毒和 Ad-control空载体病毒, 于 -8CTC保存备用。
2. 动物实验: 同实施例 1, 不同的是尾静脉注射的材料分别为 pAd-miR-145、 pAd-control Ad_miR_145、 Ad_control。
3. 随后的淋巴细胞分离、 Real-Time quantitative PCR检测肝组织及淋巴细胞中 miR-145含量检测的实验步骤同实施例 1。
结果如图 3A和图 3B所示, 其中,
Normal组表示尾静脉注射生理盐水;
control plasmid 组表示尾静脉注射重组质粒阴性对照;
Ad-control组表示尾静脉注射重组腺病毒阴性对照;
miR- 145 plasmi d组(gP pAdiiR-145 组)表示尾静脉注射过表达 miR-145重组质粒; Ad-miR-145组表示尾静脉注射过表达 miR-145重组腺病毒;
结果表明, 通过尾静脉注射过表达 miR-145的质粒和腺病毒进入小鼠体后, 6小时, 小 鼠肝脏中的该 miRNA的含量都显著升高, 12h小鼠后仍然高于正常水平,但略低于 6小时的情 况。 在之后的 18小时注射过表达 miR-145质粒组的小鼠肝组织中 miR-145的表达迅速下降, 直到 24小时恢复到正常情况; 然而, 注射过表达 miR-145的腺病毒, 在 24小时小鼠肝组织中 miR-145的水平仍高于正常组, 结果见图 3A。
在尾静脉注射过表达 miR-145的质粒及腺病毒后 6小时, 小鼠淋巴细胞中同样检测到了 高表达的 miR-145。然而, 注射过表达 miR-145的腺病毒组, 其高浓度持续到注射后 18小时, 而注射过表达 miR-145的质粒后, 其高浓度只维持注射后 6小时, 在 12小时即恢复正常, 结 果见图 3B。
此实施例说明: 通过尾静脉将过表达 miR-145的质粒和腺病毒注入小鼠体内, 小鼠 肝脏和淋巴细胞中 miR-145的表达均有显著上升说明外源性表达的 miRNA能够通过血液循环 进入第一部位, 并进入到所述第二部位。 实施例 4 功能 microRNA进入动物体内后生理 /病理状况的变化。
本实施例证实功能 microRNA、 siRNA表达质粒进入动物体内, 被运送到第二部位(病 灶), 并调节动物生理 /病理状态, 从而达到治疗病灶部位疾病的作用。
主要实验材料: Balbc小鼠数只(18_22g) (南京大学模式动物所)、 结直肠癌模型小 鼠(本实验室构建)、 戊巴比妥钠, 人工构建的过表达 miR-145质粒(pAd-miR-145)及过表 达 miR-145腺病毒(Ad-miR-145)和过表达 miR-143质粒(pAd-miR-143)及过表达 miR-143 腺病毒(Ad-miR-143) (本实验室构建)、手术器械、静脉注射针、注射器、手术缝合线(天 津市灏洋生物制品科技有限责任公司)及 Real-Time quantitative PCR相关试剂(Takara 公司)。
本实施例中, Normal组表示尾静脉注射生理盐水;
control plasmid 组表示尾静脉注射重组质粒阴性对照;
Ad-control组表示尾静脉注射重组腺病毒阴性对照;
pAd-miR-145 组表示尾静脉注射过表达 miR-145重组质粒;
Ad-miR-145组表示尾静脉注射过表达 miR-145重组腺病毒;
pAd-miR-143 组表示尾静脉注射过表达 miR-143重组质粒;
Ad-miR-143组表示尾静脉注射过表达 miR-143重组腺病毒。
4. 1. 过表达 miR-145的重组质粒(pAd-miR-145)及重组腺病毒(Ad-miR-145)和过表 达 miR-143的重组质粒(pAd-miR-143)及重组腺病毒(Ad-miR-143)的构建
重组质粒 pAd-miR-145、 pAd-miR-143的构建和重组腺病毒 Ad_miR-145、 Ad-miR-143 的获得及扩增纯化, 具体操作步骤如实施例 3所述。
4. 2. 结直肠癌模型小鼠的制备
( 1)在 SPF级无菌实验环境下, 培养结直肠癌细胞株 LoVo; (2)在 SPF级无菌实验环境下, 将培养成功的结直肠癌 LoVo细胞以胰酶消化后, 配置 成细胞悬液, 细胞浓度为 2 X 106 个 /mL;
(3)取细胞悬液 0. 5 mL, 以无菌针管于裸鼠右背部皮下接种, 接种工作在 30分钟内 完成;
(4)定期观察肿瘤接种情况, 9天后所有皮下瘤块长至 0. 6〜0. 8 cm时, 表示动物肿 瘤造模成功。
4. 3. 静脉注射功能 microRNA后, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内功能 microRNA及靶基因的 变化
4. 3. 1 动物分组
结直肠癌模型小鼠, 建模成功后词养 3天, 三天后将饮食、 饮水、 活动正常者纳入 实验。 随机分组后, 分别给小鼠尾静脉注射生理盐水(Normal 组)、 质粒阴性对照 (pAd-control 组)、 腺病毒阴性对照(Ad-control 组)、 pAdiiR- 145 (pAdiiR-145组)、 Ad-miR-145 (Ad_miR_145组)、 pAd-miR-143 (pAdiiR-143组)和 AdiiR-143 (Ad-miR-143 组), 于 6小时后处死小鼠, 取血、 肝脏及结直肠。
4. 3. 2 淋巴细胞分离
淋巴细胞分离的具体操作步骤如实施例 1所述。
4. 3. 3 静脉注射功能 mi croRNA后, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内功能 microRNA的变化 采用 Real-t ime PCR检测肝组织、 淋巴细胞、 结直肠组织中 miR_145、 miR-143的含 量, 实验步骤如实施例 1所述。 具体结果见图 4和图 5。
图 4A显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR- 145, 6小时后, 结 直肠癌模型小鼠肝组织中 miR-145的水平显著高于正常组, 增加了 3〜4倍。
图 4B显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR- 145, 6小时后, 结 直肠癌模型小鼠淋巴细胞中 miR- 145的水平显著高于正常组, 约增加了 7倍。
图 4C显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR- 145, 6小时后, 结 直肠癌模型小鼠结直肠组织中 miR-145的水平显著高于正常组, 增加了 3〜4倍。
图 5A显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR- 143, 6小时后, 结 直肠癌模型小鼠肝组织中 miR-143的水平显著高于正常组, 增加了 3〜4倍。
图 5B显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR- 143, 6小时后, 结 直肠癌模型小鼠淋巴细胞中 miR- 143的水平显著高于正常组, 约增加了 9倍。
图 5C显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR- 143, 6小时后, 结 直肠癌模型小鼠结直肠组织中 miR-143的水平显著高于正常组, 增加了 3〜4倍。
通过尾静脉将过表达的 pAd-miR-145、 pAd- miR- 143、 Ad-miR_145、 pAd-miR-143注 入结直肠癌模型小鼠体内, 小鼠肝脏、 淋巴细胞、 结直肠组织中 miR-145、 miR- 143的表 达均有显著上升, 表明所述功能 mi croRNA确实通过血液循环被第一部位(如肝脏)等组织 吸收, , 并通过第一部位进一步包裹在 MV中, 被分泌出来, 并通过血液循环进入淋巴细 胞、 结直肠等其他细胞或组织。 所述给药方式可以使得药物稳定存在, 并针对病灶发挥 作用。
4.3.4 静脉注射功能 microRNA后, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内靶基因的变化
采用 Real-time PCR检测结直肠组织中 miR-145的靶基因 MYC、miR_143的靶基因 K_ras 的表达水平, 实验步骤如实施例 1所述。 具体结果见图 6和图 7。
图 6A显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 在结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR-145, 与对照组 相比, 6小时后, 结直肠组织中 miR-145表达水平显著增加。
图 6B显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 在结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR-145, 与对照组 相比, 6小时后, 结直肠组织中 miR-145的靶基因 MYC的表达水平显著降低, 结果表明, 过表达的 miR-145进入结直肠癌模型小鼠体内, 降低靶基因的表达, 从而可能达到抑制 病灶肿瘤生长、 改善病灶病理状况的目的。
图 7A显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR-143, 与对照组相 比, 6小时后, 结直肠组织中 miR-143表达水平显著增加。
图 7B显示, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR-143, 与对照组相 比, 6小时后, 结直肠组织中 miR-143的靶基因 K-ras的表达水平显著降低, 结果表明, 过表达的 miR-143进入结直肠癌模型小鼠体内, 降低靶基因的表达, 从而可能达到抑制 病灶肿瘤生长、 改善病灶病理状况的目的。
4.4. 静脉注射功能 microRNA后, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内肿瘤的变化
4.4. 1 动物分组
结直肠癌模型小鼠, 建模成功后词养 3天, 3天后将饮食、 饮水、 活动正常者纳入实 验。 随机分组后, 分别给小鼠尾静脉注射生理盐水(Normal 组)、 质粒阴性对照 (pAd-control 组)、 腺病毒阴性对照(Ad-control 组)、 pAdiiR-145 (pAdiiR-145组)、 Ad-miR-145 (Ad_miR_145组)、 pAd-miR-143 (pAdiiR-143组)和 AdiiR-143 (Ad-miR-143 组), 连续 14天。 末次注射后于次日处死小鼠并解剖。
4.4.2 观察指标及结果
在实验过程中及在处死动物后, 均用游标卡尺测量活体肿瘤、 解剖剥离后所得裸瘤 的最大直径 a和横径 b, 按公式 ν= π / 6XaXb2 计算活体肿瘤及裸瘤的体积。 用 VeR (VGR= ( - V„)/½s, mm3/d)比较活体肿瘤的生长速率, 其中 工为注射后活体肿瘤体积大小, V。 为造模成功当日活体肿瘤体积大小; 并计算抑瘤率: Ρ = [1- (m注射 s / m刺 s)] X100%; 其中! ¾ 为注射组平均裸瘤质量, 1¾ 为正常对照组平均裸瘤质量。所有实验数据采用
SPSS 18.0 统计软件进行分析。 统计方法采用方差分析 <0.05, *代表与对照组比较 有显著差异; p<0.01, * *代表与对照组比较有极显著差异。
具体结果见表 2和表 3。
表 2显示, 实验开始时, 结直肠癌模型小鼠各组活体肿瘤体积无显著差异(P〉0.05)。 与 Ad-control组、 control plasmid组对比, 通过尾静脉注射, 在结直肠癌模型小鼠体 内过表达 Ad-miR-145、 Ad-miR-143, 实验结束时, AdiiR-145组、 Ad-miR-143组小鼠 体内肿瘤的体积显著变小, 体积是 Ad-control组 56%、 53%, 生长速率均显著降低, 生长 速率是 Ad-control组的 55%、 51%。 通过尾静脉注射, 在结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 pAd-miR-145 pAd-miR-143, 实验结束时, pAd-miR-145组、 pAd-miR-143组小鼠体内 肿瘤的体积显著变小, 体积是 control plasmid组的 56%、 55%, 生长速率均显著降低, 生长速率是 control plasmid组的 54%、 52%。 结果表明, 通过尾静脉注射,在结直肠癌模 型小鼠体内过表达 miR-145、 miR-143, 可以使得模型小鼠肿瘤相对减小、生长速率减缓, 有效抑制肿瘤的生长, 改善了病灶的病理状况。
表 3显示, 实验结束时, 与对照组相比, 通过尾静脉注射, 使得结直肠癌模型小鼠 体内过表达 Ad-miR-145、 Ad-miR-143, 给药组小鼠体内裸瘤体积、 平均瘤体重量均显著 降低, Ad-miR-145、 Ad-miR-143裸瘤体积是 Ad-control组的 67%、 69%, 平均瘤体重量是 Ad-control组的 51%、 47%。 通过尾静脉注射, 使得结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 pAd-miR-145、 pAd-miR-143, 给药组小鼠体内裸瘤体积、 平均瘤体重量均显著降低, pAd-miR-145 pAd-miR-143裸瘤体积是 control plasmid组的 77%、 71%, 平均瘤体重量 是 control plasmid组的 55%、 56%。 小鼠抑瘤率显著高于对照组。 同时, Ad-miR-145组、 Ad-miR-143组、 pAd-miR-145组、 pAd-miR-143组抑瘤率都在 49%_67%之间, 效果都非常 好。 结果表明, 通过尾静脉注射, 结直肠癌模型小鼠体内过表达 miR-145 miR-143, 与 对照组相比, 可使得给药组小鼠肿瘤体积减小、 肿瘤减轻, 有效抑制了肿瘤的生长, 改 善了病灶的病理状况。
综上所述, 本实施例结果表明, 所述功能 microRNA确实通过血液循环被运送到病灶 部位, 并调控动物体的生理 /病理变化, 从而达到治疗病灶部位疾病的作用。
表 2 各组对结直肠癌模型小鼠活体肿瘤体积及其生长速率的影响
组别 N Vol mm3 Vi/ mm3 VeRl (mm3, d—
Normal 10 14.50±L 10 402.65±98.10 27.73±5.13
Control plasmid 10 14.40±L 15 413.86±76.65 29.10±4.21
Ad-control 10 14.43±L 12 394.52±66.32 27.00±3.24
Ad-miR-145 10 14.53±2.13 224.33±45.47 * * 14.99 + 3.98 * *
Ad-miR-143 10 14.65±2.09 210.33±65.31 * * 13.98 + 2.99 * * pAd-miR-145 10 14.45±L 17 234.52 ±56.09 * * 15.72±4.12 * * pAd-miR-143 10 14.56±L 16 229.12±46.11 * * 15.33±3.11 * * 表 3各组对结直肠癌模型小鼠裸鼠裸瘤体积及抑瘤率的影响
组别 N Vmm/rm m g P
Normal 10 241.53±96.10 2.65±0.25
Control plasmid 10 224.40±9L 12 2.84±0.11 0.3
Ad-control 10 231.43±94.15 2.59±0.13 2.3
Ad-miR-145 10 154.53±32.12 * * 1.33 + 0.09 * * 49.8 * Ad-miR-143 10 161.65±42.07 * * 1.24±0.07 * * 53.2 * pAd-miR-145 10 174.45±5L 18 * * L58±0.06 * * 67.7 * pAd-miR-143 10 165.56±41.19 * * L61±0.05 * * 64.6 *
在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考, 就如同每一篇文献被单独引 用作为参考那样。 此外应理解, 在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后, 本领域技术人员 可以对本发明作各种改动或修改, 这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定 的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的用途, 其特征在于, 用于制备施用于哺乳动物的 组合物, 所述组合物在动物体内的第一部位中形成细胞微粒子, 并被运送到第二部位, 从而 改善第二部位的生理状态或治疗第二部位的疾病, 其中第二部位不同于第一部位。
2. 一种功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的用途, 其特征在于, 用于制备施用于哺乳动物的 组合物, 所述组合物在动物体内的第一部位中形成细胞微粒子, 并被运送到第二部位, 从而 调节第二部位中功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA的靶基因的表达, 其中第二部位不同于第一部 位。
3. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的功能性 microRNA为动物 microRNA 或其表达载体、植物 microRNA或其表达载体、或微生物 microRNA或其表达载体、或其组合; 或所述的功能性 microRNA为天然的 microRNA或其表达载体、 人工合成的 microRNA或其表 达载体、 或其组合;
所述的功能性 siRNA为动物 siRNA或其表达载体、 植物 siRNA或其表达载体、 或微生物 siRNA或其表达载体、 或其组合; 或所述的功能性 siRNA为天然的 siRNA或其表达载体、 人 工合成的 siRNA或其表达载体、 或其组合。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的用途, 其特征在于, 所述的表达载体包括: 质粒载体、 腺病毒载 体、 慢病毒载体、 逆转录病毒载体或诱导表达载体。
5. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的用途, 其特征在于,
所述的第一部位包括: 肝脏、 肺脏、 胃肠道、 乳腺、 肾脏、 脑、 脾脏、 淋巴、 甲状腺、 生殖器官、 血细胞或淋巴细胞; 和 /或
所述的第二部位包括: 脑、 松果体、 垂体、 目艮、 耳、 鼻、 口、 咽、 腮腺、 扁桃体、 食道、 气管、 甲状腺、 胸腺、 乳腺、 肺、 心脏、 胃、 肠、 阑尾、 肝脏、 胆囊、 脾脏、 胰腺、 肾脏、 输尿管、 膀胱、 尿道、 子宫、 卵巢、 输卵管、 ***、 输精管、 ***、 ***、 睾丸、 ***、 骨骼、 肌肉、 ***、 神经、 淋巴、 结直肠、 血液、 骨髓、 或皮肤。
6. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的用途, 其特征在于, 所述的疾病包括功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA特异性相关疾病, 包括: 肿瘤、 急慢性传染病或其它急慢性疾病。
7. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的用途, 其特征在于, 所述的组合物, 其施用方式包括口服、 呼吸道、 注射、 透皮、 粘膜、 或腔道给药。
8. 一种细胞微粒子的制备方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:将功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA 施用于哺乳动物并被摄入, 从而在所述哺乳动物的某一部位中所述功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA被包裹, 形成细胞微粒子。
9. 一种药物组合物, 其特征在于, 包含: (1) 药学上可接受的载体; 以及 (2)功能性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA; 其中所述的 microRNA禾 或 siRNA在施用于哺乳动物后, 在所述哺乳 动物的某一部位中被包裹, 从而形成细胞微粒子。
10. 一种治疗方法, 其特征在于, 包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对象, 在第一部位施用功能 性 microRNA和 /或 siRNA, 从而治疗第二部位的疾病, 其中第二部位不同于第一部位。
11. 一种治疗方法, 其特征在于, 包括步骤: 给需要治疗的对象, 施用权利要求 9所述 的药物组合物, 从而治疗所述对象的疾病。
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