WO2013161001A1 - Organic el light emitting element - Google Patents
Organic el light emitting element Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013161001A1 WO2013161001A1 PCT/JP2012/060931 JP2012060931W WO2013161001A1 WO 2013161001 A1 WO2013161001 A1 WO 2013161001A1 JP 2012060931 W JP2012060931 W JP 2012060931W WO 2013161001 A1 WO2013161001 A1 WO 2013161001A1
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- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UEEXRMUCXBPYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium;2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound [Ir].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 UEEXRMUCXBPYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- NKEWBOPVULFSFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroperimidin-2-one Chemical class C1=CC(NC(O)=N2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 NKEWBOPVULFSFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLYPIBBGWLKELC-RMKNXTFCSA-N 2-[2-[(e)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethenyl]-6-methylpyran-4-ylidene]propanedinitrile Chemical class C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C(C)O1 YLYPIBBGWLKELC-RMKNXTFCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 ITO Substances 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical class N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BWZNMFIGGHVLSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 Chemical compound [Ru].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 BWZNMFIGGHVLSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001562 benzopyrans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical class [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/854—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means
Definitions
- an organic EL light emitting element is configured by laminating a cathode made of a metal such as aluminum, an organic layer, an anode made of a transparent alloy such as ITO, and a glass substrate, and includes a light emitting layer in the organic layer.
- the refractive index of the transparent electrode is about 1.8, for example, and the refractive index of glass is about 1.5, for example. Because of this difference in refractive index, light emitted from the light emitting layer is reflected at the interface between the transparent electrode and the glass substrate and at the interface between the glass substrate and the air layer, and finally only about 20% of the light is extracted into the air layer. It is said that it cannot be done.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a light-emitting device in which a refractive material layer made of a highly refractive resin is provided on the upper surface of a glass substrate for the purpose of improving light extraction efficiency.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a light-emitting element 1 that is an embodiment of the present invention.
- the light emitting layer 4c is made of an organic EL material.
- the organic EL material for example, any known material such as a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material can be applied.
- FIG. 3 shows the second electrode layer 5, the light scattering layer 7, the reflection layer 8, and how the light beams 21 and 22 are reflected and refracted by these configurations.
- the light-emitting element 1 of this example not only the first electrode layer 3 but also the second electrode layer 5 is a light-transmitting electrode layer.
- a light scattering layer 7 is formed on the second electrode layer 5, and a reflection layer 8 is further formed on the light scattering layer 7.
- the light scattering layer 7 includes a plurality of light scattering particles 7b having a high refractive index.
- the light beam 22 from the organic layer 4 is repeatedly reflected and refracted randomly by the reflective layer 8 and the light scattering particles 7 b, and can be incident on the second electrode layer 5 at an angle that can be taken out. Thereby, the extraction efficiency of the light beam 22 to the transparent substrate 2 side can be improved.
- FIG. 4 shows a configuration of the light emitting element 1 that does not include the resin portion 7a.
- the light scattering layer 7 is composed of a plurality of light scattering particles 7b adhered to each other. Similar to the above embodiment, the light scattering layer 7 is formed on the second electrode layer 5, and the reflection layer 8 is formed on the light scattering layer 7. Since the resin portion 7a is not used, the cost can be reduced.
- a first electrode layer 3 made of a light transmissive electrode material such as ITO is formed on a transparent substrate 2 made of a light transmissive material such as glass or a resin film by a film forming method such as sputtering. (FIG. 7A).
- plasma treatment for modifying the surface of the first electrode layer 3 may be performed.
- the efficiency of hole injection into the organic layer 4 formed on the first electrode layer 3 is improved by performing such plasma treatment.
Abstract
[Problem] To provide an organic EL light emitting element having high light extraction efficiency.
[Solution] This organic EL light emitting element includes: a light emitting section, which is configured of an organic layer including an organic EL light emitting layer, and transparent first and second electrode layers sandwiching the organic layer; and a transparent substrate, which supports the light emitting section with the first electrode layer therebetween. Furthermore, the organic EL light emitting element has a light scattering layer in contact with the second electrode layer, and a reflection layer sandwiching the light scattering layer with the second electrode layer, said reflection layer being on the light scattering layer.
Description
本発明は、有機ＥＬ（Electro Luminescence）発光素子に関する。
The present invention relates to an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) light emitting element.
従来より、有機ＥＬ発光素子の光取出し効率を向上させることが課題となっている。有機ＥＬ発光素子は、一般に、例えばアルミニウムなどの金属からなる陰極、有機層、例えばＩＴＯなどの透明合金からなる陽極、及びガラス基板が積層されて構成され、当該有機層内に発光層を含んでいる。透明電極の屈折率は例えば１．８程度、ガラスの屈折率は例えば１．５程度というように各構成要素の屈折率は同一ではない。この屈折率の違いから、発光層から発せられた光は、透明電極とガラス基板の界面、ガラス基板と空気層の界面でそれぞれ反射し、最終的には２０％程度しか空気層に光を取り出すことができないとされている。例えば特許文献１には、光取出し効率を向上させる目的で、高屈折性の樹脂からなる屈折材料層をガラス基板上面に設けた発光装置が開示されている。
Conventionally, it has been an issue to improve the light extraction efficiency of the organic EL light emitting device. In general, an organic EL light emitting element is configured by laminating a cathode made of a metal such as aluminum, an organic layer, an anode made of a transparent alloy such as ITO, and a glass substrate, and includes a light emitting layer in the organic layer. Yes. The refractive index of the transparent electrode is about 1.8, for example, and the refractive index of glass is about 1.5, for example. Because of this difference in refractive index, light emitted from the light emitting layer is reflected at the interface between the transparent electrode and the glass substrate and at the interface between the glass substrate and the air layer, and finally only about 20% of the light is extracted into the air layer. It is said that it cannot be done. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a light-emitting device in which a refractive material layer made of a highly refractive resin is provided on the upper surface of a glass substrate for the purpose of improving light extraction efficiency.
しかしながら、特許文献１に開示される構造の場合には以下の問題がある。すなわち、有機層内に低屈折率層が存在した場合には、当該低屈折率層と、裏面反射層として作用する陰極層との間が導波路構造になり、光取出し効率を向上させる目的でガラス基板上面に設けられた屈折材料層にまで光が十分に届かないという問題がある。
However, the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 has the following problems. That is, when a low refractive index layer is present in the organic layer, a waveguide structure is formed between the low refractive index layer and the cathode layer acting as the back surface reflection layer, so that the light extraction efficiency is improved. There is a problem that light does not sufficiently reach the refractive material layer provided on the upper surface of the glass substrate.
本発明は上記した如き問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、光取り出し効率の高い有機ＥＬ発光素子を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an organic EL light emitting device having high light extraction efficiency.
本発明による発光素子は、有機ＥＬ発光層を含む有機層と前記有機層を挟む各々が透明な第１及び第２電極層とからなる発光部と、前記発光部を前記第１電極層を介して担持する透明基板と、を含む有機ＥＬ発光素子であって、前記第２電極層に接する光散乱層と、前記第２電極層と共に前記光散乱層上を挟む反射層とを更に有することを特徴とする。
The light-emitting device according to the present invention includes a light-emitting portion including an organic layer including an organic EL light-emitting layer and first and second electrode layers each sandwiching the organic layer, and the light-emitting portion is interposed through the first electrode layer. An organic EL light-emitting element including a transparent substrate that is supported on the second electrode layer, and a light scattering layer in contact with the second electrode layer, and a reflective layer sandwiching the light scattering layer together with the second electrode layer. Features.
本発明による有機ＥＬ発光素子によれば、光取り出し効率を向上させることができる。
The organic EL light emitting device according to the present invention can improve the light extraction efficiency.
以下、本発明に係る実施例について添付の図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
＜第１の実施例＞
図１には、本発明の実施例である発光素子１の構成が示されている。 <First embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a light-emittingelement 1 that is an embodiment of the present invention.
図１には、本発明の実施例である発光素子１の構成が示されている。 <First embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a light-emitting
発光素子１は、有機ＥＬ発光素子である。有機層４は、少なくとも発光層を含む。有機層４は、典型的には図２に示される如く、ホール注入層４ａ、ホール輸送層４ｂ、発光層４ｃ、電子輸送層４ｄ、及び電子注入層４ｅが積層されて構成される。
The light emitting element 1 is an organic EL light emitting element. The organic layer 4 includes at least a light emitting layer. As shown in FIG. 2, the organic layer 4 is typically formed by laminating a hole injection layer 4a, a hole transport layer 4b, a light emitting layer 4c, an electron transport layer 4d, and an electron injection layer 4e.
発光層４ｃは、有機ＥＬ材料からなる。有機ＥＬ材料としては、例えば、蛍光材料や燐光材料等の任意の公知の材料を適用可能である。
The light emitting layer 4c is made of an organic EL material. As the organic EL material, for example, any known material such as a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material can be applied.
青色発光を与える蛍光材料としては、例えば、ナフタレン、ペリレン、ピレンなどが挙げられる。緑色発光を与える蛍光材料としては、例えば、キナクリドン誘導体、クマリン誘導体、Ａｌｑ３(tris (8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminum) などのアルミニウム錯体などが挙げられる。黄色発光を与える蛍光材料としては、例えば、ルブレン、ペリミドン誘導体などが挙げられる。赤色発光を与える蛍光材料としては、例えば、ＤＣＭ（4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran）系化合物、ベンゾピラン誘導体、ローダミン誘導体などが挙げられる。燐光材料としては、例えば、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウムなどが挙げられる。燐光材料として、具体的には、トリス（２－フェニルピリジン）イリジウム（所謂、Ｉｒ（ｐｐｙ）３）、トリス（２－フェニルピリジン）ルテニウム、などが挙げられる。
Examples of fluorescent materials that emit blue light include naphthalene, perylene, and pyrene. Examples of fluorescent materials that give green light emission include quinacridone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, and aluminum complexes such as Alq3 (tris (8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminum). Examples of fluorescent materials that give yellow light include rubrene and perimidone derivatives. Examples of fluorescent materials that give red light emission include DCM (4- (dicyanomethylene) -2-methyl-6- (p-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran) compounds, benzopyran derivatives, rhodamine derivatives, and the like. Examples of the phosphorescent material include ruthenium, rhodium, and palladium. Specific examples of the phosphorescent material include tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium (so-called Ir (ppy) 3), tris (2-phenylpyridine) ruthenium, and the like.
有機層４の一方の面上には第１電極層３が形成され、他方の面上には第２電極層５が形成されている。第１電極層３は陽極であり、第２電極層５は陰極である。第１電極層３及び第２電極層５の各々は、光透過性電極層からなる。例えばＩＴＯ(Indium-tin-oxide)やＦＴＯ(fluorine-tin-oxide)が光透過性電極材料として用いられる。また、ＺｎＯ、ＺｎＯ－Ａｌ2Ｏ3（所謂、ＡＺＯ）、Ｉｎ2Ｏ3－ＺｎＯ（所謂、ＩＺＯ）、ＳｎＯ2－Ｓｂ2Ｏ3（所謂、ＡＴＯ）、ＲｕＯ2などの材料を用いることもできる。第１電極層３及び第２電極層５は、有機層４を挟む位置に存在する。以下、第１電極層３、有機層４、及び第２電極層５からなる構成を発光部６と称する。
A first electrode layer 3 is formed on one surface of the organic layer 4, and a second electrode layer 5 is formed on the other surface. The first electrode layer 3 is an anode, and the second electrode layer 5 is a cathode. Each of the 1st electrode layer 3 and the 2nd electrode layer 5 consists of a transparent electrode layer. For example, ITO (Indium-tin-oxide) or FTO (fluorine-tin-oxide) is used as the light transmissive electrode material. It is also possible to use materials such as ZnO, ZnO—Al 2 O 3 (so-called AZO), In 2 O 3 —ZnO (so-called IZO), SnO 2 —Sb 2 O 3 (so-called ATO), RuO 2, etc. it can. The first electrode layer 3 and the second electrode layer 5 are present at positions sandwiching the organic layer 4. Hereinafter, a configuration including the first electrode layer 3, the organic layer 4, and the second electrode layer 5 is referred to as a light emitting unit 6.
透明基板２は、第１電極層３を介して発光部６を担持している。透明基板２は、例えばガラスやポリエステル、ポリメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリスルホンなどの樹脂フィルムなどの光透過性材料からなる。発光部６から発せられた光１０が透明基板２を介して出力される。
The transparent substrate 2 carries the light emitting part 6 via the first electrode layer 3. The transparent substrate 2 is made of a light transmissive material such as a resin film such as glass, polyester, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, or polysulfone. Light 10 emitted from the light emitting unit 6 is output via the transparent substrate 2.
第２電極層５上には光散乱層７が形成されている。光散乱層７は、第２電極層５に接している。光散乱層７は、樹脂部７ａと、樹脂部７ａ内に包埋された複数の光散乱粒子７ｂとからなる。樹脂部７ａの材料としては、例えばアクリル、エポキシ、スチレンなどの有機物が用いられる。光散乱層７の厚さは例えば１μｍ～５０μｍである。なお、光散乱層７の厚さはこれに限られず、光散乱粒子７ｂの粒径や総量等に応じて適宜定めることができる。
A light scattering layer 7 is formed on the second electrode layer 5. The light scattering layer 7 is in contact with the second electrode layer 5. The light scattering layer 7 includes a resin portion 7a and a plurality of light scattering particles 7b embedded in the resin portion 7a. As a material for the resin portion 7a, for example, an organic material such as acrylic, epoxy, or styrene is used. The thickness of the light scattering layer 7 is, for example, 1 μm to 50 μm. In addition, the thickness of the light-scattering layer 7 is not restricted to this, It can determine suitably according to the particle size, total amount, etc. of the light-scattering particle 7b.
光散乱粒子７ｂは、例えばジルコニア、チタニアなどの高屈折率の無機材料の粒子である。光散乱粒子７ｂは、例えば球形や楕円形などの粒子表面が曲率を有する形状からなる。光散乱粒子７ｂの粒径は例えば１０ｎｍ～２００ｎｍである。光散乱粒子７ｂの各々の粒径は均一又は不均一である。また、光散乱粒子７ｂの各々は、同一の材料又は２以上の材料からなる。また、光散乱粒子７ｂは、樹脂部７ａ内に均一又は不均一に分布している。光散乱粒子７ｂは、樹脂部７ａの全体に亘って分布していることが望ましい。
The light scattering particles 7b are particles of a high refractive index inorganic material such as zirconia or titania. The light scattering particle 7b has a shape in which the particle surface has a curvature, for example, a spherical shape or an elliptical shape. The particle diameter of the light scattering particles 7b is, for example, 10 nm to 200 nm. The particle size of each of the light scattering particles 7b is uniform or non-uniform. Each of the light scattering particles 7b is made of the same material or two or more materials. Further, the light scattering particles 7b are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed in the resin portion 7a. It is desirable that the light scattering particles 7b are distributed over the entire resin portion 7a.
光散乱層６上には反射層８が形成されている。反射層８は、第２電極層と共に光散乱層６を挟んでいる。反射層８の材料としては、例えばアルミニウムや銀などの金属が用いられる。
A reflective layer 8 is formed on the light scattering layer 6. The reflective layer 8 sandwiches the light scattering layer 6 together with the second electrode layer. As a material of the reflective layer 8, for example, a metal such as aluminum or silver is used.
透明基板２の屈折率は例えば１．５である。有機層４の屈折率は例えば１．０～２．０である。第１電極層３及び第２電極層５の各々の屈折率は例えば１．８～２．０である。樹脂部７ａの屈折率は例えば１．５である。光散乱粒子７ｂの屈折率は例えば２．０である。光散乱層７の屈折率は例えば１．８～１．９である。なお、これらの屈折率は一例である。
The refractive index of the transparent substrate 2 is 1.5, for example. The refractive index of the organic layer 4 is, for example, 1.0 to 2.0. The refractive indexes of the first electrode layer 3 and the second electrode layer 5 are, for example, 1.8 to 2.0. The refractive index of the resin portion 7a is, for example, 1.5. The refractive index of the light scattering particle 7b is, for example, 2.0. The refractive index of the light scattering layer 7 is, for example, 1.8 to 1.9. In addition, these refractive indexes are examples.
図３には、第２電極層５、光散乱層７、反射層８、及び、これらの構成による光線２１及び２２の反射及び屈折の様子が示されている。
FIG. 3 shows the second electrode layer 5, the light scattering layer 7, the reflection layer 8, and how the light beams 21 and 22 are reflected and refracted by these configurations.
仮に、高屈折率の光散乱粒子７ｂが存在しない場合には、図３に破線で示されるように、有機層４からの光線２１は反射層８で入射角と同じ角度で反射する。その結果、光線２１のうち、臨界角以上の角度で入射する光は、第２電極層５と反射層８との間で全反射を繰り返して、透明基板２（図１）側には取り出されなくなってしまう。
If the high-refractive-index light scattering particles 7b do not exist, the light beam 21 from the organic layer 4 is reflected by the reflective layer 8 at the same angle as the incident angle, as shown by the broken line in FIG. As a result, light incident on the light beam 21 at an angle greater than the critical angle repeats total reflection between the second electrode layer 5 and the reflective layer 8 and is extracted to the transparent substrate 2 (FIG. 1) side. It will disappear.
これに対して、光散乱層７を有する本実施例の発光素子１においては、図３に実線で示されるように、有機層４からの光線２２は反射層８及び光散乱粒子７ｂにより反射及び屈折を繰り返す。反射及び屈折の繰り返しにより、光線２２の大部分が第２電極層５に対して取出し可能な角度で入射し得る。
On the other hand, in the light emitting element 1 of the present example having the light scattering layer 7, the light beam 22 from the organic layer 4 is reflected and reflected by the reflection layer 8 and the light scattering particles 7b as shown by the solid line in FIG. Repeat refraction. By repeating reflection and refraction, most of the light beam 22 can be incident on the second electrode layer 5 at an extractable angle.
上記したように、本実施例の発光素子１においては、第１電極層３のみならず、第２電極層５をも光透過性電極層としている。そして、第２電極層５上には光散乱層７が形成され、更に、光散乱層７上に反射層８が形成されている。光散乱層７は、複数の高屈折率の光散乱粒子７ｂを含んでいる。有機層４からの光線２２は反射層８及び光散乱粒子７ｂによりランダムに反射及び屈折を繰り返し、第２電極層５に対して取出し可能な角度で入射し得る。これにより、透明基板２側への光線２２の取出し効率を向上させることができる。
As described above, in the light-emitting element 1 of this example, not only the first electrode layer 3 but also the second electrode layer 5 is a light-transmitting electrode layer. A light scattering layer 7 is formed on the second electrode layer 5, and a reflection layer 8 is further formed on the light scattering layer 7. The light scattering layer 7 includes a plurality of light scattering particles 7b having a high refractive index. The light beam 22 from the organic layer 4 is repeatedly reflected and refracted randomly by the reflective layer 8 and the light scattering particles 7 b, and can be incident on the second electrode layer 5 at an angle that can be taken out. Thereby, the extraction efficiency of the light beam 22 to the transparent substrate 2 side can be improved.
また、光散乱層７が複数の光散乱粒子７ｂを含む構成としたことにより、屈折率を容易に調整することができる。すなわち、光散乱粒子７ｂの粒径及び／又は分布を均一又は不均一に調整することにより、又は、光散乱粒子７ｂの材料を変更することにより、光散乱層７の屈折率を容易に調整することができる。
In addition, since the light scattering layer 7 includes a plurality of light scattering particles 7b, the refractive index can be easily adjusted. That is, the refractive index of the light scattering layer 7 is easily adjusted by adjusting the particle size and / or distribution of the light scattering particles 7b uniformly or non-uniformly or by changing the material of the light scattering particles 7b. be able to.
樹脂部７ａの屈折率よりも高い屈折率の光散乱粒子を用いることにより光散乱層７の屈折率を大きくしている。また、光散乱粒子７ｂを球形などの粒子表面が曲率を有する形状とすることにより、有機層４からの光線２２を反射及び屈折させ易くなる。光散乱粒子７ｂの粒径を不均一とすることによっても光線２２を反射及び屈折させ易くなる。
The refractive index of the light scattering layer 7 is increased by using light scattering particles having a refractive index higher than that of the resin portion 7a. Further, by making the light scattering particles 7b have a spherical shape such as a spherical surface, the light rays 22 from the organic layer 4 can be easily reflected and refracted. The light beam 22 can be easily reflected and refracted by making the particle diameter of the light scattering particles 7b nonuniform.
なお、樹脂部７ａは必ずしも必要では無い。図４には、樹脂部７ａを含まない発光素子１の構成が示されている。光散乱層７は、互いに接着された複数の光散乱粒子７ｂからなる。上記の実施例と同様に、光散乱層７は第２電極層５上に形成され、光散乱層７上には反射層８が形成されている。樹脂部７ａを用いないのでコストを削減できる。
The resin part 7a is not always necessary. FIG. 4 shows a configuration of the light emitting element 1 that does not include the resin portion 7a. The light scattering layer 7 is composed of a plurality of light scattering particles 7b adhered to each other. Similar to the above embodiment, the light scattering layer 7 is formed on the second electrode layer 5, and the reflection layer 8 is formed on the light scattering layer 7. Since the resin portion 7a is not used, the cost can be reduced.
また、上記の実施例は、光散乱層７が複数の光散乱粒子７ｂを含む場合の例であるが、これに限られない。光散乱層７は複数の気泡を含む樹脂から構成されても良い。この場合にも当該気泡による屈折により、同様の効果を奏することができる。
The above embodiment is an example in which the light scattering layer 7 includes a plurality of light scattering particles 7b, but is not limited thereto. The light scattering layer 7 may be made of a resin containing a plurality of bubbles. Also in this case, the same effect can be obtained by refraction by the bubbles.
＜第２の実施例＞
以下、第１の実施例と異なる部分について主に説明する。 <Second embodiment>
In the following, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
以下、第１の実施例と異なる部分について主に説明する。 <Second embodiment>
In the following, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
図５には、本実施例の発光素子１は、表面及び／又は裏面が反射面として作用する反射部７ｃを更に含む。反射部７ｃは、光散乱層７内に設けられている。２つ以上の反射部７ｃが設けられることが望ましい。この場合、反射部７ｃは、等間隔に設けられても良いし、例えば発光素子１の端部に近付く程間隔が広くなる等任意の位置に設けることができる。反射部７ｃの反射面は、光散乱層７の厚さ方向に垂直な方向をよぎるように設けられている。反射部７ｃは例えばアルミニウムや銀などの金属の薄板からなる。
In FIG. 5, the light-emitting element 1 of the present embodiment further includes a reflection portion 7 c whose front surface and / or back surface acts as a reflection surface. The reflection part 7 c is provided in the light scattering layer 7. It is desirable to provide two or more reflecting portions 7c. In this case, the reflection parts 7c may be provided at equal intervals, or may be provided at any position, for example, as the distance from the end of the light emitting element 1 increases. The reflection surface of the reflection part 7 c is provided so as to cross a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light scattering layer 7. The reflecting portion 7c is made of a thin metal plate such as aluminum or silver.
図６には、第２電極層５、光散乱層７、反射層８、及びこれらの構成による光線の反射及び屈折の様子が示されている。有機層４からの光線２２は、反射層８及び光散乱粒子７ｂのみならず、反射部７ｃによっても反射される。これにより、第２電極層５に対して取出し可能な角度で入射する光線２２ａ及び２２ｂを増加させることができる。これにより、透明基板２側への光線２２の取出し効率を更に向上させることができる。
FIG. 6 shows the second electrode layer 5, the light scattering layer 7, the reflective layer 8, and the state of reflection and refraction of light rays by these configurations. The light beam 22 from the organic layer 4 is reflected not only by the reflective layer 8 and the light scattering particles 7b but also by the reflective portion 7c. Thereby, the light rays 22a and 22b incident on the second electrode layer 5 at an angle that can be taken out can be increased. Thereby, the extraction efficiency of the light beam 22 to the transparent substrate 2 side can be further improved.
＜発光素子の製造方法＞
以下、図７を参照しつつ、発光素子１の製造方法について説明する。 <Method for manufacturing light-emitting element>
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the light-emittingelement 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
以下、図７を参照しつつ、発光素子１の製造方法について説明する。 <Method for manufacturing light-emitting element>
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the light-emitting
先ず、例えばガラスや樹脂フィルムなどの光透過性材料からなる透明基板２上に、例えばスパッタリング法など成膜法により、例えばＩＴＯなどの光透過性電極材料からなる第１電極層３を成膜する（図７（ａ））。なお、第１電極層３の形成後に、第１電極層３の表面を改質するためのプラズマ処理が行われても良い。例えば、第１電極層３がＩＴＯからなる場合、かかるプラズマ処理を施すことによって、この後に第１電極層３上に形成される有機層４への正孔注入効率が向上する。
First, a first electrode layer 3 made of a light transmissive electrode material such as ITO is formed on a transparent substrate 2 made of a light transmissive material such as glass or a resin film by a film forming method such as sputtering. (FIG. 7A). In addition, after the formation of the first electrode layer 3, plasma treatment for modifying the surface of the first electrode layer 3 may be performed. For example, when the first electrode layer 3 is made of ITO, the efficiency of hole injection into the organic layer 4 formed on the first electrode layer 3 is improved by performing such plasma treatment.
次に、第１電極層３上に、エレクトロルミネセンス特性を呈する有機化合物を含有する発光層４ｃ（図２）を含む有機層４を形成する（図７（ｂ））。有機ＥＬパネルの機能層を成膜する手法として、スパッタリング法や真空蒸着法などの乾式塗布法や、スクリーン印刷、スプレイ法、インクジェット法、スピンコート法、グラビア印刷、ロールコータ法などの湿式塗布法が知られている。一般的に、有機機能層の材料が低分子有機化合物である場合には蒸着法等の乾式成膜法が用いられ、有機機能層の材料が高分子有機化合物である場合にはスピンコート法等の湿式成膜法が用いられる。また、例えば、ホール注入層４ａ、ホール輸送層４ｂ、発光層４ｃ（図２）を湿式塗布法により成膜して、電子輸送層４ｄ及び電子注入層４ｅ（図２）を、それぞれ乾式塗布法により順次成膜しても良い。また、これらの全ての層を湿式塗布法により順次成膜しても良い。
Next, an organic layer 4 including a light emitting layer 4c (FIG. 2) containing an organic compound exhibiting electroluminescence characteristics is formed on the first electrode layer 3 (FIG. 7B). As a method for forming a functional layer of an organic EL panel, a dry coating method such as a sputtering method or a vacuum deposition method, or a wet coating method such as a screen printing, a spray method, an ink jet method, a spin coating method, a gravure printing, or a roll coater method. It has been known. Generally, when the organic functional layer material is a low molecular organic compound, a dry film forming method such as vapor deposition is used, and when the organic functional layer material is a high molecular organic compound, a spin coating method or the like is used. The wet film forming method is used. Further, for example, the hole injection layer 4a, the hole transport layer 4b, and the light emitting layer 4c (FIG. 2) are formed by a wet coating method, and the electron transport layer 4d and the electron injection layer 4e (FIG. 2) are respectively formed by a dry coating method. May be sequentially formed. Further, all these layers may be sequentially formed by a wet coating method.
次に、有機層４上に、例えばスパッタリング法など成膜法により、例えばＩＴＯなどの光透過性電極材料からなる第２電極層５を成膜する（図７（ｃ））。
Next, the second electrode layer 5 made of a light transmissive electrode material such as ITO is formed on the organic layer 4 by a film forming method such as sputtering (FIG. 7C).
次に、第２電極層５上に、例えばスピンコート法、インクジェット法等の成膜法により、樹脂内に例えばジルコニア、チタニアなどの無機材料からなる複数の光散乱粒子７ｂが混入された光散乱層７を成膜する（図７（ｄ））。樹脂部７ａは、例えばアクリル、エポキシ、スチレンなどの有機物化合物からなる。光散乱層７の厚さは例えば１μｍ～５０μｍである。
Next, light scattering in which a plurality of light scattering particles 7b made of an inorganic material such as zirconia or titania are mixed in the resin on the second electrode layer 5 by a film forming method such as a spin coating method or an ink jet method. Layer 7 is formed (FIG. 7D). The resin portion 7a is made of an organic compound such as acrylic, epoxy, or styrene. The thickness of the light scattering layer 7 is, for example, 1 μm to 50 μm.
光散乱層７内に反射部７ｃ（図５、図６）を更に形成しても良い。反射部７ｃを含む光散乱層７は、例えば、第２電極層５上に光散乱層７の厚さにほぼ等しい高さ（厚さ）を有する例えばアルミニウムなどからなる不透明な盤状のハニカム構造体を接着しておいて、その上から光散乱粒子７ｂが混入された溶融状態の樹脂を塗布することにより形成することができる。
A reflective portion 7c (FIGS. 5 and 6) may be further formed in the light scattering layer 7. The light scattering layer 7 including the reflecting portion 7c is, for example, an opaque disk-shaped honeycomb structure made of, for example, aluminum having a height (thickness) substantially equal to the thickness of the light scattering layer 7 on the second electrode layer 5. It can be formed by adhering a body and applying a molten resin mixed with the light scattering particles 7b from above.
また、光散乱層７が複数の気泡を含む樹脂からなる構造とすることもできる。かかる構造からなる光散乱層７は、例えば空気などの雰囲気中で樹脂を攪拌して当該樹脂中に複数の気泡を生じさせた後、これを用いて例えばスピンコート法などの成膜法によって成膜することにより形成することができる。
Also, the light scattering layer 7 may be made of a resin containing a plurality of bubbles. The light scattering layer 7 having such a structure is formed by, for example, forming a plurality of bubbles in the resin by stirring the resin in an atmosphere such as air, and then using this to form a film by a film forming method such as a spin coating method. It can be formed by forming a film.
次に、光散乱層７上に、例えば蒸着法など成膜法により、例えばアルミニウムや銀などの金属等の反射性材料からなる反射層８を形成する（図７（ｅ））。
Next, a reflective layer 8 made of a reflective material such as a metal such as aluminum or silver is formed on the light scattering layer 7 by a film forming method such as vapor deposition (FIG. 7E).
上記した工程により、発光素子１を製造することができる。
The light emitting device 1 can be manufactured by the above-described steps.
１ 発光素子
２ 透明基板
３ 第１電極層
４ 有機層
５ 第２電極層
６ 発光部
７ 光散乱層
７ａ 樹脂部
７ｂ 光散乱粒子
７ｃ 反射部
８ 反射層 DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 1 Light emitting element 2 Transparent substrate 3 1st electrode layer 4 Organic layer 5 2nd electrode layer 6 Light emission part 7 Light scattering layer 7a Resin part 7b Light scattering particle 7c Reflection part 8 Reflection layer
２ 透明基板
３ 第１電極層
４ 有機層
５ 第２電極層
６ 発光部
７ 光散乱層
７ａ 樹脂部
７ｂ 光散乱粒子
７ｃ 反射部
８ 反射層 DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (7)
- 有機ＥＬ発光層を含む有機層と前記有機層を挟む各々が透明な第１及び第２電極層とからなる発光部と、前記発光部を前記第１電極層を介して担持する透明基板と、を含む有機ＥＬ発光素子であって、
前記第２電極層に接する光散乱層と、前記第２電極層と共に前記光散乱層上を挟む反射層とを更に有することを特徴とする有機ＥＬ発光素子。 A light emitting part comprising an organic layer including an organic EL light emitting layer and each of the transparent first and second electrode layers sandwiching the organic layer, a transparent substrate carrying the light emitting part via the first electrode layer, An organic EL light emitting device containing
An organic EL light emitting device, further comprising: a light scattering layer in contact with the second electrode layer; and a reflective layer sandwiching the light scattering layer together with the second electrode layer. - 前記光散乱層は、樹脂部と、前記樹脂部内に包埋された複数の光散乱粒子とからなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の有機ＥＬ発光素子。 The organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the light scattering layer includes a resin portion and a plurality of light scattering particles embedded in the resin portion.
- 前記光散乱粒子の粒径が均一又は不均一であることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の有機ＥＬ発光素子。 The organic EL light-emitting device according to claim 2, wherein the light scattering particles have a uniform or non-uniform particle size.
- 前記光散乱粒子の表面は曲率を有することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の有機ＥＬ発光素子。 3. The organic EL light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein the surface of the light scattering particle has a curvature.
- 前記光散乱粒子の屈折率は前記樹脂部の屈折率よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の有機ＥＬ発光素子。 The organic EL light-emitting element according to claim 2, wherein a refractive index of the light scattering particles is higher than a refractive index of the resin portion.
- 前記光散乱層は、複数の気泡を含む樹脂からなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の有機ＥＬ発光素子。 2. The organic EL light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein the light scattering layer is made of a resin containing a plurality of bubbles.
- 前記光散乱層は、その厚さ方向に垂直な方向をよぎる表面及び／又は裏面が反射面として作用する少なくとも１つの反射部を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の有機ＥＬ発光素子。 2. The organic EL light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the light scattering layer further includes at least one reflection portion in which a front surface and / or a back surface crossing a direction perpendicular to a thickness direction of the light scattering layer acts as a reflection surface. .
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/060931 WO2013161001A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Organic el light emitting element |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/JP2012/060931 WO2013161001A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Organic el light emitting element |
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| WO2013161001A1 true WO2013161001A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/060931 WO2013161001A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Organic el light emitting element |
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| Country | Link |
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| WO (1) | WO2013161001A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112289806A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-29 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Array substrate and display panel |
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| JP2003303677A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-24 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Self-luminous element |
| JP2006294491A (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-26 | Seiko Epson Corp | Electroluminescence device, method for manufacturing the same, and electronic apparatus |
| JP2009216862A (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2009-09-24 | Toshiba Corp | Light taking-out layer for luminous device and organic electroluminescence element using the same |
| JP2010182449A (en) * | 2009-02-03 | 2010-08-19 | Fujifilm Corp | Organic electroluminescent display device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003303677A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-24 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Self-luminous element |
| JP2006294491A (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-26 | Seiko Epson Corp | Electroluminescence device, method for manufacturing the same, and electronic apparatus |
| JP2009216862A (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2009-09-24 | Toshiba Corp | Light taking-out layer for luminous device and organic electroluminescence element using the same |
| JP2010182449A (en) * | 2009-02-03 | 2010-08-19 | Fujifilm Corp | Organic electroluminescent display device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112289806A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-29 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Array substrate and display panel |
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