WO2013132561A1 - 目違い計算システム - Google Patents
目違い計算システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013132561A1 WO2013132561A1 PCT/JP2012/007272 JP2012007272W WO2013132561A1 WO 2013132561 A1 WO2013132561 A1 WO 2013132561A1 JP 2012007272 W JP2012007272 W JP 2012007272W WO 2013132561 A1 WO2013132561 A1 WO 2013132561A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- steel pipe
- angle
- miscalculation
- profile data
- amount
- Prior art date
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/053—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
- B23K31/027—Making tubes with soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/10—Pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a miscalculation system for calculating misunderstandings when welding the end portions of steel pipes. More specifically, the present invention relates to a miscalculation system capable of quantifying and evaluating misunderstandings when performing butt welding.
- Pipelines for transporting oil, natural gas, etc. are constructed and laid by connecting steel pipe ends together and welding them.
- the outer surface shape and the inner surface shape at the end portion of one steel pipe and the outer surface shape and the inner surface shape at the end portion of the other steel pipe do not completely coincide with each other.
- the discrepancy is caused by the fact that the outer diameter, inner diameter and wall thickness of the end of the steel pipe manufactured under a certain quality standard are changed in the circumferential direction within the range of the quality standard.
- the outer surface shape and the inner surface shape within the range of quality standards are caused by ovalization and uneven thickness.
- Patent Document 1 aims to prevent the occurrence of buckling of the connecting pipe due to a misunderstanding or the like when bending the butt-welded connecting pipe and winding it on a drum in laying a pipeline by the reel purge method. To do. Patent Document 1 proposes to prepare steel pipes that satisfy a predetermined relational expression in terms of outer diameter difference, inner diameter difference, and yield strength difference at their ends as the first and second steel pipes to be butt welded. Yes. Thereby, it is said that the occurrence of buckling due to misalignment of the outer surface, misalignment of the inner surface and strength can be suppressed.
- the difference between the outer diameter difference and the inner diameter difference is managed by preparing a steel pipe satisfying a predetermined relational expression.
- the outer diameter and inner diameter of the steel pipe are the same, the outer surface shape or inner surface shape of the steel pipe may be deformed due to ovalization or the like, thereby causing a mistake. Therefore, even when preparing a steel pipe in which the outer diameter difference and the inner diameter difference satisfy a predetermined relational expression, it is desirable to numerically evaluate the evaluation error and further to reduce the risk of breakage by minimizing the error. .
- the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a miscalculation system capable of quantifying and evaluating misunderstandings at the time of butt welding.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows:
- a miscalculation system comprising a miscalculation calculator that calculates using the profile data measured in the above and the profile data measured in the circumferential direction by setting a second angle reference in advance for the end of the second steel pipe.
- the miscalculation calculator sets the angle formed by the first angle reference and the second angle reference to the input angle, and the center of profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe and the first A miscalculation calculation system, wherein the miscalculation amount is calculated in a state in which the center of profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the steel pipe of No. 2 is matched.
- a miscalculation system comprising a miscalculation calculator that calculates using the profile data measured in the above and the profile data measured in the circumferential direction by setting a second angle reference in advance for the end of the second steel pipe.
- the miscalculation calculator sets the angle formed by the first angle reference and the second angle reference to the input angle, and the center of profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe and the first A miscalculation calculation system that calculates the misregistration amount in a state in which the center of profile data indicating an inner surface shape at the end of the steel pipe of 2 is made coincident.
- a miscalculation system comprising a miscalculation calculator that calculates using the profile data measured in the above and the profile data measured in the circumferential direction by setting a second angle reference in advance for the end of the second steel pipe.
- the miscalculation calculator rotates the profile data at the end of the first steel pipe by the first angle input, and rotates the profile data at the end of the second steel pipe by the second angle input.
- the misplacement amount is calculated in a state where the bottom position of the profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe and the bottom position of the profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe are matched.
- Tongue and groove computing system characterized by.
- the miscalculation system according to (1) or (2) further calculates an error amount for each predetermined angle using the error calculator, and an angle at which the error amount is minimized.
- An eye miscalculation system comprising an angle calculator for determining the angle.
- the miscalculation calculation system according to (3) further changes the first angle for each predetermined third angle and sets a second angle for each predetermined angle of the first angle.
- An angle calculator is provided that calculates the misalignment amount using the miscalculation calculator while changing every fourth angle, and obtains the first angle and the second angle at which the misinterpretation amount is minimized. Mistake calculation system.
- the profile amount indicates profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe, profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe, and the outer surface at the end of the first steel pipe. Calculated using profile data indicating the shape and profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe, and the items described in the following (a), (b) or (c) The miscalculation system according to any one of (1) to (5).
- (A) Area of the portion that is non-contacted when butted
- the difference amount is calculated using profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe and profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe, and the following (d), (The miscalculation system according to any one of (1) to (5) above, which is an item described in e) or (f). (D) Area of inner surface side region of non-contact portion when abutting (e) Maximum radial length in inner surface side region of non-contact portion when abutting (f) Proportion occupied by the area of the inner surface side region of the non-contact portion when abutting against the area of the end of the first steel pipe or the end of the second steel pipe
- the difference amount is calculated using profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe and profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe, and the following (g), ( The miscalculation system according to any one of (1) to (5) above, which is an item according to h) or (i). (G) Area of outer surface side region of non-contact portion when abutting (h) Maximum value of radial length in outer surface side region of non-contact portion when abutting (i) Proportion occupied by the area of the outer surface side region in the non-contact portion when the end portion of the first steel pipe or the end portion of the second steel pipe is abutted against the area
- All combinations when the miscalculation calculation system according to any one of (4) to (8) further selects and matches two steel pipes from a steel pipe group composed of a plurality of steel pipes.
- the miscalculation calculation system according to any of (1) to (3) further determines pass / fail by using a threshold value set for the miscalculation amount calculated using the miscalculation calculator.
- a misinterpretation calculation system characterized by comprising a determination device that performs the determination.
- the “angle data” means that the amount of misalignment is minimized in the embodiment in which the centers of the outer surface shapes in (1) are matched and the embodiment in which the centers of the inner surface shapes are matched in (2).
- the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention has the following remarkable effects. (1) The difference between the ends of the steel pipes when butt-welding each other can be numerically evaluated. (2) According to the above (1), the angle at which the difference is minimum can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a procedure for calculating a misalignment amount using a miscalculation calculator.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a procedure for interpolating profile data of a first steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (b) is a second procedure.
- FIG. 1 (c) is a procedure for translating the interpolated figure of the first steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (d) is a procedure for translating the interpolated figure of the second steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (e) shows a procedure for rotating and moving the interpolated figure of the first steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (f) shows a procedure for rotating and moving the interpolated figure of the second steel pipe.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a difference amount defined in the present invention.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a procedure for interpolating profile data of a first steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (b) is a second procedure.
- FIG. 1 (c) is a procedure for translating the interpolated figure of the first steel
- 3 is an embodiment of the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention, and is a flowchart showing a processing example of a system that calculates the order, direction, and angle of a steel pipe that minimizes the total misalignment amount in the connection pipe, 3A shows the main processing, and FIG. 3B shows the total calculator.
- the miscalculation system of the present invention includes a mistake calculator that calculates the mistake amount when welding the end of the first steel pipe and the end of the second steel pipe.
- the miscalculation calculator calculates the misregistration amount using profile data indicating one or both of the inner surface shape and the outer surface shape at the end of the steel pipe. This is because the outer diameter or inner diameter of the steel pipe is not sufficient to minimize the misunderstanding, and it is necessary to consider the deformation of the outer surface shape or the inner surface shape of the steel pipe due to ovalization or the like.
- Profile data is point cloud data indicating one or both of the outer surface shape and the inner surface shape of the entire circumference at the end of the steel pipe.
- point group data for example, point group data that is constituted by a plurality of measurement points and the measurement points are expressed by an angle ( ⁇ ) and a distance (r) from the measurement center at the angle can be used. More specifically, profile data in which the angular interval between adjacent measurement points is 1 ° can be used.
- Profile data can be measured with a shape measuring machine.
- it is preferable to indicate the position of the angle reference (position of ⁇ 0 °) at the end of the steel pipe.
- the miscalculation calculator included in the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention is an embodiment in which the centers of the outer surface shapes are matched, an embodiment in which the centers of the inner surface shapes are matched, or an implementation in which the bottom positions of the outer surface shapes are matched.
- the form can be adopted.
- the miscalculation calculator sets the angle formed by the angle reference of the first steel pipe and the angle reference of the second steel pipe to the input angle, and the end of the first steel pipe
- the amount of misunderstanding is calculated in a state where the center of the profile data indicating the outer surface shape at is matched with the center of the profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe.
- the miscalculation calculator can input a first angle for rotating the profile data of the end portion of the first steel pipe and a second angle for rotating the profile data of the end portion of the second steel pipe.
- the miscalculation calculator sets the angle formed by the angle reference of the first steel pipe and the angle reference of the second steel pipe to the input angle, and A miscalculation amount is calculated in a state where the center of the profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end and the center of the profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe are matched. Also in this embodiment, if the angle formed by the angle reference of the first steel pipe and the angle reference of the second steel pipe is the same, the difference amount is the same value. For this reason, what is necessary is just to input an angle so that the angle which the angle reference
- the first angle and the second angle are input, the angle formed by the angle reference of the first steel pipe and the angle reference of the second steel pipe is obtained from the input first angle and second angle, and the values of the angles are determined. It is also possible to adopt a method of inputting to the difference calculator.
- the miscalculation calculator rotates the profile data at the end of the first steel pipe by the input first angle, and the profile data at the end of the second steel pipe While rotating the input second angle, the bottom position of the profile data indicating the outer shape at the end of the first steel pipe and the bottom position of the profile data indicating the inner shape at the end of the second steel pipe are matched. The amount of misunderstanding is calculated.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a procedure for calculating a misalignment amount using a miscalculation calculator.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a procedure for interpolating profile data of a first steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (b) is a second procedure.
- FIG. 1 (c) is a procedure for translating the interpolated figure of the first steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (d) is a procedure for translating the interpolated figure of the second steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (e) shows a procedure for rotating and moving the interpolated figure of the first steel pipe
- FIG. 1 (f) shows a procedure for rotating and moving the interpolated figure of the second steel pipe.
- the procedure described with reference to FIG. 1 is a procedure for rotating the profile data at the end of the first steel pipe by the first angle input, and rotating the profile data at the end of the second steel pipe by the second angle input. It is.
- the profile data used for calculating the misalignment amount is interpolated between adjacent measurement points.
- the interpolation can be performed by a known method such as linear interpolation, spline interpolation, Bezier interpolation, clothoid interpolation, or the like.
- FIG. 1A shows a graphic 11 representing the end outer surface shape of the first steel pipe and a graphic 12 representing the end inner surface shape. Those figures were obtained by Bezier interpolation between the measurement points 31 of the profile data showing the end outer surface shape and the end inner surface shape of the first steel pipe.
- the profile data used for calculating the misalignment amount is between the adjacent measurement points. Is interpolated.
- FIG.1 (b) the figure 21 showing the edge part outer surface shape of a 2nd steel pipe and the figure 22 showing the edge part inner surface shape are shown. Those figures were obtained by Bezier interpolation between the measurement points 31 of the profile data indicating the end outer surface shape and the end inner surface shape of the second steel pipe.
- the center of the end outer surface shape and the center of the end inner surface shape are obtained by calculating an approximate circle from the profile data and calculating the center thereof.
- the approximate circle is obtained by a known method such as a least square method.
- FIG.1 (c) the center 11c of the edge part outer surface shape of a 1st steel pipe is shown by a black circle.
- the figure representing the end shape of the second steel pipe obtained by interpolation is translated, and the center of the end outer surface shape or the center of the end inner surface shape is positioned at the origin of the polar coordinates.
- a solid line represents a figure 21 representing the end outer surface shape of the second steel pipe and a figure 22 representing the inner surface shape of the end, with the center of the end outer surface shape positioned at the origin of the polar coordinates by translation.
- the figure showing the end part outer surface shape of the 2nd steel pipe before translation and the figure showing the end part inner surface shape are shown with an imaginary line, respectively.
- the center 21c of the end outer surface shape of the second steel pipe is indicated by a black circle.
- FIG. 1 (e) An end outer surface of the first steel pipe before the rotational movement is shown by a solid line with a graphic 11 representing the outer shape of the end of the first steel pipe rotated by the first angle and a graphic 12 representing the inner shape of the end.
- a graphic representing the shape and a graphic representing the end inner surface shape are indicated by imaginary lines, respectively.
- the figure representing the end shape of the second steel pipe moved in parallel is rotated by a second angle by coordinate conversion.
- the figure 21 representing the end outer surface shape of the second steel pipe and the figure 21 representing the inner surface shape of the second steel pipe that have been rotated at the second angle are indicated by solid lines, and the end of the second steel pipe before the rotational movement.
- a graphic representing the outer surface shape and a graphic representing the end inner surface shape are indicated by imaginary lines, respectively.
- the amount of mistaking is calculated using the figures representing the end shapes of the first and second steel pipes thus obtained.
- the procedure described with reference to FIG. 1 is a procedure in which the profile data at the end of the first steel pipe is rotated by the first angle input, and the profile data at the end of the second steel pipe is rotated by the second angle input. Therefore, the present invention can be applied as it is to the embodiment in which the bottom positions of the outer surface shapes are matched.
- the present invention can also be applied to an embodiment in which the centers of the outer surface shapes are made to coincide with each other and an embodiment in which the centers of the inner surface shapes are made to coincide with each other by changing a part of the procedure shown in FIG. Specifically, the first angle is set to 0 °, and from the input angle, a second angle that is an angle between the angle reference of the first steel pipe and the angle reference of the second steel pipe is obtained, and the second angle is obtained. What is necessary is just to implement the procedure demonstrated using FIG. 1 using 1 angle and 2nd angle. That is, by setting the first angle to 0 °, the procedure for rotationally moving the figure of the first steel pipe in FIG.
- the second angle is set to 0 °
- a first angle that is an angle formed by the angle formed by the angle reference of the first steel pipe and the angle reference of the second steel pipe is determined from the input angle, and the first angle and You may implement the procedure demonstrated using FIG. 1 using a 2nd angle. That is, by setting the second angle to 0 °, the procedure for rotationally moving the figure of the second steel pipe in FIG.
- the amount of mistaking is calculated using the figures representing the end shapes of the first and second steel pipes thus obtained. Specifically, one of the figures representing the end shapes of the first steel pipe and the second steel pipe was reversed with the Y axis as the symmetry axis (after mirror conversion with respect to the Y axis) and then reversed. The figure and the figure representing the end shape of the steel pipe not subjected to the reversal process are overlapped.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the difference amount specified in the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a graphic 11 representing the outer shape of the end of the first steel pipe and a graphic 12 representing the inner shape of the end (hereinafter also simply referred to as “the outer shape of the first steel pipe” and “the inner surface of the first steel pipe”).
- the mistake is constituted by the outer surface side non-contact region 13 and the inner surface side non-contact region 14 of the first steel pipe, and the outer surface side non-contact region 23 and the inner surface side non-contact region 24 of the second steel pipe. Is done.
- the outer surface side non-contact region 13 of the first steel pipe is a portion of the end surface of the first steel pipe that does not contact the second steel pipe, and the outer surface shape 11 of the first steel pipe and the outer surface shape 21 of the second steel pipe It is an area partitioned by Moreover, the inner surface side non-contact area
- region 14 of a 1st steel pipe is a part which does not contact a 2nd steel pipe among the end surfaces of a 1st steel pipe, Comprising: With the inner surface shape 12 of a 1st steel pipe, and the inner surface shape 22 of a 2nd steel pipe This is the area to be partitioned.
- region 23 of a 2nd steel pipe is a part which does not contact a 1st steel pipe among the end surfaces of a 2nd steel pipe, Comprising: It is divided by the outer surface shape 11 of a 1st steel pipe, and the outer surface shape 21 of a 2nd steel pipe. Area.
- the inner surface side non-contact area 24 of the second steel pipe is a portion that does not come into contact with the first steel pipe in the end face of the second steel pipe, and is partitioned by the inner surface shape 12 of the first steel pipe and the inner surface shape 22 of the second steel pipe. Area.
- the area of the non-contact portion when (a) is abutted is the outer surface side non-contact region 13 and the inner surface side non-contact region 14 of the first steel pipe, and the outer surface side non-contact region 23 of the second steel pipe and This is the total value of the areas of the inner surface side non-contact region 24.
- matches is the area of the inner surface side non-contact area
- Is the sum of The area of the outer surface side region of the portion that is not in contact when (g) is matched is the total of the areas of the outer surface side non-contact region 13 of the first steel pipe and the outer surface side non-contact region 23 of the second steel pipe. It is the value.
- the end area of the steel pipe When contacted with the area of the end of the first steel pipe or the end of the second steel pipe (hereinafter collectively referred to simply as “the end area of the steel pipe”) in (c) above, it becomes non-contact.
- the ratio occupied by the area of the region is the ratio of the area (a) to the end area of the steel pipe.
- the ratio which the area of the inner surface side area occupies in the non-contact portion when it is abutted against the end area of the steel pipe of (f) is the ratio (d) to the end area of the steel pipe.
- the area occupied by The ratio of the area of the outer surface side region in the non-contact portion when the end face area of the steel pipe of (i) is abutted is the area of (g) with respect to the end area of the steel pipe. Is the proportion occupied.
- the end area of the steel pipe for example, an area calculated from profile data, an area calculated from a nominal outer diameter and a nominal inner diameter, an area calculated from an average outer diameter and an average inner diameter can be employed.
- the radial length of the portion that becomes non-contact when abutting is configured by the length w1 of the non-contact portion on the outer surface side and the length w2 of the non-contact portion on the inner surface side.
- the length w1 of the non-contact portion on the outer surface side is a radial distance from the outer surface shape 11 of the first steel pipe to the outer surface shape 21 of the second steel pipe.
- the length w2 of the non-contact portion on the inner surface side is a radial distance from the inner surface shape 12 of the first steel pipe to the inner surface shape 22 of the second steel pipe.
- the length in the radial direction of the portion that is not in contact when (b) is abutted is the total of the length w1 of the non-contact portion on the outer surface side and the length w2 of the non-contact portion on the inner surface side.
- the maximum value is the maximum value when the radial length of the non-contact portion is determined every predetermined angle from 0 to 360 °.
- the radial direction length in the inner surface side region of the non-contact portion when the (e) is abutted is the length w2 of the non-contact portion on the inner surface side, and the maximum value is a predetermined angle. It is the maximum value when the length w2 of the non-contact part on the inner surface side is obtained for each.
- the length in the radial direction in the outer surface side region of the non-contact portion when the aforesaid (h) is abutted is the length w1 of the non-contact portion on the outer surface side, and the maximum value thereof is set for each predetermined angle. This is the maximum value when the length w1 of the non-contact portion on the outer surface side is obtained.
- the items (a) to (c) are profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe, profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe, and the outer surface at the end of the first steel pipe. Calculation is performed using profile data indicating the shape and profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe.
- the items (d) to (f) are calculated using profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe and profile data indicating the inner surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe.
- the items (g) to (i) are calculated using profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the first steel pipe and profile data indicating the outer surface shape at the end of the second steel pipe.
- the misunderstanding can be quantified and evaluated. Therefore, in the production of the connecting pipe, when the ends of the steel pipe are butt-welded to each other, if the miscalculation amount is calculated and evaluated using the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention, the risk of breakage in the resulting connecting pipe is determined. I can grasp it.
- the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention preferably further includes an angle calculator for obtaining angle data that minimizes the misalignment amount.
- angle data that minimizes the misalignment amount is obtained using the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention, and the second is based on the obtained angle data. If the angle between the first steel pipe and the second steel pipe is adjusted, the mistake can be minimized. As a result, it is possible to reduce the risk of breakage at the butt portion in the connecting pipe produced by butt welding the ends of the steel pipe.
- the angle calculator calculates the mistaking amount for each predetermined angle using the mistaking calculator, Is the minimum (the angle formed by the first angle reference and the second angle reference). In this case, it is preferable that the angle calculator outputs the misalignment amount at the angle together with the angle that minimizes the misalignment amount.
- the angular interval for calculating the difference amount can be set to the same angle as the angular interval between adjacent measurement points in the profile data, for example.
- the angle calculator changes (increases or decreases) the first angle every predetermined third angle, and the second angle in each angle of the first angle to be changed. Is changed (increased or decreased) for each predetermined fourth angle, the miscalculation amount is calculated using a miscalculation calculator, and the first angle and the second angle at which the misregistration amount is minimized are obtained.
- the angle calculator outputs the misalignment amount at the first angle and the second angle together with the first angle and the second angle at which the misalignment amount is minimized.
- the angular interval for calculating the misalignment amount that is, the predetermined third angle and the predetermined fourth angle can be set to the same angle as the angular interval between adjacent measurement points in the profile data, for example.
- FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention, and is a flowchart showing a processing example of a system that calculates the order, direction, and angle of a steel pipe that minimizes the total misalignment amount in the connection pipe, 3A shows the main processing, and FIG. 3B shows the total calculator.
- S1 to S17 and S21 to S24 represent processing steps.
- the order, direction, and angle of the steel pipe that minimizes the total misalignment amount in the steel pipe group composed of i steel pipes are calculated.
- the i steel pipes are assigned index numbers 1 to i, and one pipe end of each steel pipe is assigned index number 1 and the other pipe end is assigned index number 2.
- the miscalculation calculator calculates the misalignment amount by matching the centers of the outer surface shapes, and the angle calculator calculates the misinterpretation amount every 1 °, and the miscalculation as angle data.
- the angle at which the amount is minimum (the angle formed by the first angle reference and the second angle reference) is obtained.
- the data generator is used to select the two steel pipes from the steel pipe group, and for all the combinations, the difference amount is minimized using the angle calculator.
- An error data group is generated by performing processing for obtaining an angle (angle data) and an error amount at the angle (angle data).
- S1 to S10 correspond to the data generator.
- the angle calculator S5 and the process S6 for storing the result in the misdata group are repeated.
- the repetition shows that the variable j indicating the index number of the steel pipe selected as the first steel pipe is 1 to i-1, the variable k indicating the index number of the steel pipe selected as the second steel pipe is j + 1 to i, and the end of the first steel pipe to be abutted
- the variable l indicating the index number of the section is changed to 1 or 2
- the variable m indicating the index number of the end of the second steel pipe to be abutted is changed within the range of 1 or 2.
- Mistaken data groups are generated by such repeated calculation.
- the column of the table includes the index number of the steel pipe as the first steel pipe and the index number of the matching end of the first steel pipe, the index number of the steel pipe as the second steel pipe, and the matching of the second steel pipe End angle index number, an angle (angle data) that minimizes the misinterpretation, and a misalignment amount at the angle (angle data).
- the number of rows in the generated table is ⁇ i ⁇ (i ⁇ 1) / 2 ⁇ ⁇ 4.
- the processing by this data calculator corresponds to S11 to S17 in the processing example shown in FIG.
- the data computing unit includes processing S11 for obtaining arrangement order data, and processing S12 to S17 for obtaining a condition for minimizing the total misalignment amount using the arrangement order data.
- process S11 all the combinations of the order and direction of the steel pipe at the time of butt welding are calculated
- sequence order data for example, a table
- the columns of the sorting order table are, for example, the index number of the first steel pipe to be arranged, the index number of the pipe end to be arranged on the rear side of the first steel pipe, and the second to be arranged.
- the number of rows in the resulting ordered table is i! X2 (i-1) .
- the pipe end arranged on the rear side is abutted with the end of the steel pipe arranged at the (p + 1) -th among the ends of the steel pipe arranged at the p-th (where p is an integer of 1 to i-1). It is an edge part by which butt welding is not performed among an edge part or the edge part of the steel pipe arrange
- the processes S14 to S15 for storing the total difference amount are repeated. As a result, the line number that minimizes the total mistaking amount and the total mistaking amount are obtained. If the data is read from the arrangement order table using the row number that minimizes the total amount of the misinterpretation, the order and direction of the steel pipe that minimizes the misinterpretation amount can be obtained.
- the angle (angle data) that minimizes the misalignment amount is sequentially read from the misunderstanding data group and added.
- the order, direction, and angle (angle data) of the steel pipe that minimizes the total miscalculation amount thus obtained are output (S17).
- the total calculator makes a minimum difference when matching the o-th arranged steel pipe with the o + 1-th arranged steel pipe by making an inquiry to the difference data group.
- a process S22 for taking out the quantity and a process S23 for adding to the sum of the difference quantities are performed.
- the process S22 for extracting the minimum misalignment amount for example, the index number of the steel pipe arranged at the oth position using the arrangement order table, the end portion to be matched with the steel pipe arranged at the o + 1th position of the steel pipe arranged at the oth position.
- the extracted minimum amount of mistakes is added to a variable indicating the total amount of mistakes.
- the miscalculation system of the present invention includes a data generator, a total calculator, and an arithmetic unit, so that when the steel pipe groups are sequentially matched to form a connecting pipe, the total misalignment amount is minimized.
- Order, orientation and angle data can be determined. Therefore, when manufacturing a connecting pipe from a group of steel pipes, the order, orientation and angle data of the steel pipe that minimizes the total misalignment amount are obtained using the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention, and the order of the steel pipe is determined based on the result. If the butt welding is performed by adjusting the direction and angle, it is possible to minimize the risk of misconnection and breakage of the resulting connecting pipe.
- the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention includes the above-described miscalculation calculator and a determinator that determines pass / fail using a threshold value set for the miscalculation amount calculated using the miscalculation calculator. It is also possible to adopt a configuration provided. Thereby, when performing butt welding, the amount of misalignment can be easily made below a threshold value. Therefore, in manufacturing the connecting pipe, when the ends of the steel pipes are butt welded, the difference amount is determined using the difference calculation system of the present invention, and the difference between the first steel pipe and the second steel pipe is a threshold value. If the angle is adjusted to the following angle, the quality of the resulting connecting pipe can be improved.
- the threshold value can be appropriately set according to the item to be calculated as the difference amount, the size of the steel pipe, and the weld fracture resistance required for the connecting pipe.
- the miscalculation system of the present invention described above can be realized by, for example, a program that performs the above-described processing and a computer.
- the computer includes a data input unit (for example, a keyboard and a mouse), a data processing unit (CPU, memory, etc.) connected to the data input unit, and a data storage unit (large capacity memory) connected to the data processing unit. It can be configured with a processing result display unit (monitor display) connected to the data processing unit.
- the miscalculation calculation system of the present invention has the following remarkable effects. (1) It is possible to numerically evaluate the difference between the ends of the steel pipes when butt-welding each other. (2) According to the above (1), the angle at which the difference is minimum can be obtained.
- 11 A graphic representing the outer shape of the first steel pipe, 11c: the center of the outer shape of the first steel pipe, 12: A figure representing the inner surface shape of the first steel pipe, 13: Non-contact area on the outer surface side of the first steel pipe, 14: Non-contact region on the inner surface side of the first steel pipe, 21: A graphic representing the outer shape of the second steel pipe, 21c: the center of the outer shape of the second steel pipe, 22: A graphic representing the inner surface shape of the second steel pipe, 23: Non-contact region on the outer surface side of the second steel pipe, 24: Non-contact area on the inner surface side of the second steel pipe, 31: Measurement point of profile data, w1: length of the non-contact portion on the outer surface side, w2: Length of the non-contact part on the inner surface side
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Abstract
Description
「目違い」:第1鋼管の端部と第2鋼管の端部とを突き合わせた際に、第1鋼管の端部外面形状と第2鋼管の端部外面形状とに生じるずれと、第1鋼管の端部内面形状と第2鋼管の端部内面形状とに生じるずれとを意味する。
(a)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分の面積
(b)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分の径方向長さの最大値
(c)前記第1の鋼管の端部または前記第2の鋼管の端部の面積に対して突き合わせた際に非接触となる領域の面積が占める割合
(d)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの内面側領域の面積
(e)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの内面側領域における径方向長さの最大値
(f)前記第1の鋼管の端部または前記第2の鋼管の端部の面積に対して突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの内面側領域の面積が占める割合
(g)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの外面側領域の面積
(h)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの外面側領域における径方向長さの最大値
(i)前記第1の鋼管の端部または前記第2の鋼管の端部の面積に対して突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの外面側領域の面積が占める割合
(1)鋼管の端部同士を突き合わせ溶接する際の目違いを数値化して評価できる。
(2)上記(1)により、目違いが最小となる角度を求めることができる。
本発明の目違い計算システムは、第1鋼管の端部と第2鋼管の端部とを突き合わせて溶接する際の目違い量を算出する目違い計算器を備える。その目違い計算器は、鋼管の端部における内面形状および外面形状のいずれか一方または両方を示すプロファイルデータを用いて目違い量を算出する。これは、目違いを最小にするためには、鋼管の外径または内径だけでは不十分であり、楕円化等による鋼管の外面形状または内面形状の変形を考慮する必要があるからである。
本発明の目違い計算システムは、さらに、目違い量が最小となる角度データを求めるための角度算出器を備えるのが好ましい。これにより、連結管の製造において、鋼管の端部同士を突き合わせ溶接するにあたり、本発明の目違い計算システムを用いて目違い量が最小となる角度データを求め、求めた角度データに基づいて第1鋼管と第2鋼管との角度を調整すれば、目違いを最小にすることができる。その結果、鋼管の端部同士を突き合わせ溶接して作製された連結管で突き合わせ部で破断する危険性を低減できる。
次に、本発明の目違い計算システムの実施形態であって、鋼管群を連結管とする際に目違い量の合計が最小となる鋼管の順、向きおよび角度データを演算するシステムについて下記図3を参照しながら説明する。
一方、本発明の目違い計算システムは、上述の目違い算出器と、目違い計算器を用いて算出された目違い量について設定された閾値を用いて合否を判定する判定器とを備える構成を採用することもできる。これにより、突き合わせ溶接する際に目違い量を容易に閾値以下とすることができる。したがって、連結管の製造において、鋼管の端部同士を突き合わせ溶接するにあたり、本発明の目違い計算システムを用いて目違い量を判定し、第1鋼管と第2鋼管とを目違い量が閾値以下となる角度に調整すれば、得られる連結管の品質を向上できる。閾値は、目違い量として算出する項目や鋼管の寸法、連結管に要求される耐溶接部破断性に応じて適宜設定することができる。
(1)鋼管の端部同士を突き合わせ溶接する際の目違いを数値化して評価できる。
(2)上記(1)により、目違いが最小となる角度を求めることができる。
11c:第1鋼管の外面形状の中心、
12:第1鋼管の内面形状を表す図形、
13:第1鋼管の外面側非接触領域、
14:第1鋼管の内面側非接触領域、
21:第2鋼管の外面形状を表す図形、
21c:第2鋼管の外面形状の中心、
22:第2鋼管の内面形状を表す図形、
23:第2鋼管の外面側非接触領域、
24:第2鋼管の内面側非接触領域、
31:プロファイルデータの測定点、
w1:外面側の非接触部の長さ、
w2:内面側の非接触部の長さ
Claims (10)
- 第1の鋼管の端部と第2の鋼管の端部とを突き合わせて溶接する際の目違い量を、予め第1の鋼管の端部について第1角度基準を設定して周方向に測定したプロファイルデータと、予め第2の鋼管の端部について第2角度基準を設定して周方向に測定したプロファイルデータとを用いて算出する目違い計算器を備える目違い計算システムであって、
前記目違い計算器が、前記第1角度基準と前記第2角度基準とがなす角度を入力された角度にするとともに、第1の鋼管の端部における外面形状を示すプロファイルデータの中心と第2の鋼管の端部における外面形状を示すプロファイルデータの中心とを一致させた状態での前記目違い量を算出することを特徴とする目違い計算システム。 - 第1の鋼管の端部と第2の鋼管の端部とを突き合わせて溶接する際の目違い量を、予め第1の鋼管の端部について第1角度基準を設定して周方向に測定したプロファイルデータと、予め第2の鋼管の端部について第2角度基準を設定して周方向に測定したプロファイルデータとを用いて算出する目違い計算器を備える目違い計算システムであって、
前記目違い計算器が、前記第1角度基準と前記第2角度基準とがなす角度を入力された角度にするとともに、第1の鋼管の端部における内面形状を示すプロファイルデータの中心と第2の鋼管の端部における内面形状を示すプロファイルデータの中心とを一致させた状態での前記目違い量を算出することを特徴とする目違い計算システム。 - 第1の鋼管の端部と第2の鋼管の端部とを突き合わせて溶接する際の目違い量を、予め第1の鋼管の端部について第1角度基準を設定して周方向に測定したプロファイルデータと、予め第2の鋼管の端部について第2角度基準を設定して周方向に測定したプロファイルデータとを用いて算出する目違い計算器を備える目違い計算システムであって、
前記目違い計算器が、第1の鋼管の端部におけるプロファイルデータを入力された第1角度回転させ、かつ、第2の鋼管の端部におけるプロファイルデータを入力された第2角度回転させるとともに、第1の鋼管の端部における外面形状を示すプロファイルデータの底位置と第2の鋼管の端部における内面形状を示すプロファイルデータの底位置とを一致させた状態での前記目違い量を算出することを特徴とする目違い計算システム。 - 請求項1または2に記載の目違い計算システムが、さらに、前記目違い計算器を用いて所定の角度ごとに目違い量を算出し、目違い量が最小となる角度を求める角度算出器を備えることを特徴とする目違い計算システム。
- 請求項3に記載の目違い計算システムが、さらに、前記第1角度を所定の第3角度ごとに変化させるとともに、変化させる前記第1角度の各角度において第2角度を所定の第4角度ごとに変化させつつ前記目違い計算器を用いて目違い量を算出し、目違い量が最小となる前記第1角度および前記第2角度を求める角度算出器を備えることを特徴とする目違い計算システム。
- 前記目違い量が、第1の鋼管の端部における内面形状を示すプロファイルデータと第2の鋼管の端部における内面形状を示すプロファイルデータ、および、第1の鋼管の端部における外面形状を示すプロファイルデータと第2の鋼管の端部における外面形状を示すプロファイルデータを用いて算出され、下記(a)、(b)または(c)に記載の項目であることを特徴とする請求項1~5に記載の目違い計算システム。
(a)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分の面積
(b)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分の径方向長さの最大値
(c)前記第1の鋼管の端部または前記第2の鋼管の端部の面積に対して突き合わせた際に非接触となる領域の面積が占める割合 - 前記目違い量が、第1の鋼管の端部における内面形状を示すプロファイルデータと第2の鋼管の端部における内面形状を示すプロファイルデータを用いて算出され、下記(d)、(e)または(f)に記載の項目であることを特徴とする請求項1~5に記載の目違い計算システム。
(d)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの内面側領域の面積
(e)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの内面側領域における径方向長さの最大値
(f)前記第1の鋼管の端部または前記第2の鋼管の端部の面積に対して突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの内面側領域の面積が占める割合 - 前記目違い量が、第1の鋼管の端部における外面形状を示すプロファイルデータと第2の鋼管の端部における外面形状を示すプロファイルデータを用いて算出され、下記(g)、(h)または(i)に記載の項目であることを特徴とする請求項1~5に記載の目違い計算システム。
(g)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの外面側領域の面積
(h)突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの外面側領域における径方向長さの最大値
(i)前記第1の鋼管の端部または前記第2の鋼管の端部の面積に対して突き合わせた際に非接触となる部分のうちの外面側領域の面積が占める割合 - 請求項4~8のいずれかに記載の目違い計算システムが、さらに、複数の鋼管で構成される鋼管群から2本の鋼管を選択して突き合わせる際の全組み合わせについて、前記角度算出器を用いて目違い量が最小となる角度データおよび該角度データでの目違い量を求める処理を行うことにより目違いデータ群を生成するデータ生成器と、
入力された順および向きで複数の鋼管を突き合わせる際の各突き合わせ部の目違い量を合計した値を、前記目違いデータ群を用いて算出する合計算出器と、
前記鋼管群を順に突き合わせて連結管とする際の順および向きの全組み合わせについて前記合計算出器を用いて目違い量の合計を算出し、目違い量の合計が最小となる順、向きおよび角度データを求める演算器を備えることを特徴とする目違い計算システム。 - 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の目違い計算システムが、さらに、前記目違い計算器を用いて算出された目違い量について設定された閾値を用いて合否を判定する判定器を備えることを特徴とする目違い計算システム。
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Patent Citations (3)
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JPH05154510A (ja) * | 1991-11-29 | 1993-06-22 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 突合せ溶接時の溶接部形状検出方法ならびにその装置 |
JP2006281217A (ja) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 連結管及びその製造方法 |
JP2010017731A (ja) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-28 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 溶接装置及び溶接方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017154311A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | 日立造船株式会社 | 鋼管構造体における鋼管と継手との溶接方法 |
US11148218B2 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2021-10-19 | Hitachi Zosen Corporation | Method for welding steel pipe in steel pipe structure and joint |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN104125873A (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
US20150094979A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
EP2823930B1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
MY170961A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
SG11201403604RA (en) | 2014-10-30 |
MX346028B (es) | 2017-02-28 |
BR112014017064A8 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
AU2012372427B2 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
EP2823930A1 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
ES2638900T3 (es) | 2017-10-24 |
CA2860592C (en) | 2017-04-11 |
CA2860592A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
BR112014017064A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
BR112014017064B1 (pt) | 2019-01-29 |
CN104125873B (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
MX2014010600A (es) | 2015-02-12 |
EP2823930A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
AR090256A1 (es) | 2014-10-29 |
AU2012372427A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
US10041790B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 |
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