WO2013117059A1 - Sealed rubbish incineration furnace and incineration furnace body - Google Patents

Sealed rubbish incineration furnace and incineration furnace body Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013117059A1
WO2013117059A1 PCT/CN2012/074886 CN2012074886W WO2013117059A1 WO 2013117059 A1 WO2013117059 A1 WO 2013117059A1 CN 2012074886 W CN2012074886 W CN 2012074886W WO 2013117059 A1 WO2013117059 A1 WO 2013117059A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
incinerator
garbage
flue gas
high temperature
ash
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/074886
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
袁永扬
Original Assignee
Yuan Yongyang
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yuan Yongyang filed Critical Yuan Yongyang
Publication of WO2013117059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013117059A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F23G2203/211—Arrangement of a plurality of drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/80—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of waste incinerators, in particular to a closed garbage incinerator and an incinerator body. Background technique
  • Waste garbage includes: urban road cleaning garbage, household garbage, food waste, medical waste, agricultural product processing waste, organic sludge, manure, waste plastics and tires are collectively referred to as waste.
  • Existing waste treatment methods generally use landfill or landfill to recover biogas power generation and direct incineration power generation. These methods only use a small part of the heat energy of the garbage, but there is always smoke emission during the incineration power generation, causing secondary pollution problems. Still unresolved, such as: permeate pollution from landfills and secondary pollution from waste incineration.
  • incinerators for waste disposal mainly include mechanical grate furnaces, fluidized bed incinerators, rotary incinerators, and static pyrolysis incinerators.
  • the most commonly used mechanical grate furnaces are generally divided into three stages, namely the drying section, the combustion section and the burning section.
  • the fluidized bed is mainly composed of an air dispersing device that keeps the coal body flowing, a non-combustible material discharging device, and a non-combustible material screening coal body circulating device.
  • the slewing cymbal is a steel-made cylinder, which is equipped with a refractory lining and a perforated steel plate welded into a cylindrical shape, and is rotated at a small angle with the garbage conveying direction as the axis.
  • the common characteristics of these furnaces are: (1), the combustion temperature is in the range of 800-900 °C, the combustion temperature is low, the combustion effect is poor, and harmful gases such as dioxins are easily generated; (2) The combustion process has to discharge a large amount into the sky.
  • Flue gas (such as nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and incompletely burned harmful gases such as dioxins) cause secondary pollution; (3)
  • the combustion process requires the addition of auxiliary fuels (such as coal, oil, etc.), resulting in increased combustion costs. It consumes a lot of energy and wastes resources.
  • auxiliary fuels such as coal, oil, etc.
  • the combustion improver used in the combustion process is air. Because nitrogen in the air does not participate in the combustion reaction, it absorbs a large amount of heat, resulting in large heat loss and low thermal efficiency. It can be seen that these furnaces have the following deficiencies: The furnace structure is complex, the furnace volume is large, the amount of air introduced is large, the smoke emission is large, the combustion temperature is low, the dust is large, the heat loss is large, and neither energy saving nor energy is saved. Environmental protection.
  • the combustion improver in the existing incinerator uses oxygen in the air. Due to the complicated composition of the waste, the instability of the calorific value causes the furnace temperature to be unstable. When the calorific value is low, diesel or coal is generally added. The high calorific value fuel maintains the furnace temperature, which means that part of the energy must be consumed to stabilize the furnace temperature of the incinerator. In the case of oxidizing agents, when the plastic in the garbage is not sufficiently burned, it may cause serious pollution due to the generation of toxic and harmful gases such as dioxins. Waste incineration Generally, it is necessary to increase the amount of air to increase the turbulence, so that the air and the garbage form a boiling state in the furnace.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a closed type garbage incinerator and an incinerator body.
  • the structure of the furnace is simple, the furnace volume is small, the burning speed is fast, the combustion effect is good, the amount of flue gas generated by the combustion process can be greatly reduced, and all the recycling is completed. , achieve zero emissions and no pollution.
  • a closed garbage incinerator comprising an incinerator body, the incinerator body being composed of an upper incinerator body 2-1 and a lower incinerator body 2-2, forming a double-layer incinerator body 2, in the upper incinerator body 2 -1 in turn is provided with a to-be-absorbed area 19, an ash-collecting area 20, a loading area 21, and an upper rail 6, a compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1, the compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1 and a squeeze propeller
  • the outlet 1-1 of 1 is connected through, and is also provided with a ash port 2-1-2, which is connected to the ash port 5-1; in the lower incinerator body 2-2, A drying zone 16, a pyrolysis zone 17, a combustion zone 18, and a lower rail 15, a flue gas outlet 2-2-1, a first nozzle 4, and a second nozzle 12 are sequentially disposed; in the double-layer incinerator body 2 A lifter 22 is provided, the upper rail 6 is in contact with one end of the
  • the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 containing the compressed garbage 14 forms intermittent rolling movement; the closed type garbage incinerator is controlled by the program controller, and the flue gas generated in the incinerator passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-1, heat exchange 11.
  • the induced draft fan has 9 points and two outputs, one of which directly enters the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, and the other is separated into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10 by the carbon dioxide recovery unit 7 to separate the carbon dioxide.
  • Oxygen is vaporized from the liquid oxygen storage tank 13 and then enters the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, and the mixed oxygen-rich gas is supplied to the mixture.
  • the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 provided on both sides of the combustion zone 18 of the lower incinerator 2-2 perform high-temperature combustion of the compressed refuse 14 in the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 entering the combustion zone 18.
  • the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is provided with the first, second and third stage drums 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, wherein the first and third stage drums 3-1, 3-3 have the same diameter, the second The diameter of the segment drum 3-2 is larger than the diameters of the first and third drums 3-1 and 3-3, and the first and third drums 3-1 and 3-3 are penetrated from the outside.
  • the material of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is a high temperature resistant ceramic or a high temperature resistant steel.
  • a closed garbage storage tank 8 is arranged above the squeeze propeller 1 , and the garbage enters the inner cavity of the squeeze propeller 1 from the closed storage tank 8 and is pushed into the compressed garbage 14 by the squeeze propeller 1 . Further, it is pushed into the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 located in the combustion zone 18 and closes the compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1.
  • the plane of the upper rail 6 is at an angle of 5-10 degrees between the first quadrant of the right angle coordinate and the horizontal plane, and the angle ⁇ between the fourth quadrant of the plane orthogonal coordinate of the lower rail 15 and the horizontal plane is 3-8 degrees.
  • the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 located in the ash doping area 20 of the upper incinerator body 2-1 is connected to the ash port 5-1 of the ash aspirator 5 through the ash port 2-1-2.
  • the flue gas from the output of the draft fan 9 is sent to the carbon dioxide recovery unit 7, and the separated carbon dioxide gas is made into dry ice 23, and the remaining gas is sent to the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10.
  • the invention also proposes an incinerator body of a closed type garbage incinerator, wherein the incinerator body is composed of an upper incinerator body
  • the lower incinerator body 2-2 are formed into a double-layer incinerator body 2, and in the upper incinerator body 2-1, an ash-receiving zone 19, an ash-collecting zone 20, a charging zone 21, and The upper rail 6 and the compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1 are further provided with a ash outlet 2-1-2; in the lower incinerator body 2-2, a drying zone 16, a pyrolysis zone 17, and a combustion are sequentially disposed.
  • a lifter 22 is further disposed in the double-layer incinerator body 2, the upper rail 6 Interfacing with one end of the lower rail 15 , the other ends of the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are connected by the lifter 22 so as to be arranged in series on the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 a set of cylindrical high temperature resistant drums 3 containing compressed waste 14 forming intermittent rolling movement; said closed type garbage incinerator is controlled by a program controller, and the flue gas generated in said incinerator body passes through said flue gas outlet 2 -2-1 is output to the outside, and the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 are separately disposed in the lower incinerator body 2-2 On both sides of the combustion zone 18, and output oxygen-rich gas to the combustion zone 18, the compressed refuse 14 in the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 entering the combustion zone 18 is subjected to high-temperature combustion.
  • the present invention has the following remarkable effects:
  • the closed type garbage incinerator and the incinerator body of the present invention compresses the waste garbage into 65%-80% of the cylindrical compressed garbage of the original volume, and puts it into a cylindrical high-temperature ceramic drum, and then the drum
  • the drying zone 16 of the lower incinerator 2-2 having a temperature of about 200 ° C is dried, and the compressed garbage is dried and then enters a temperature of about 600 ° C.
  • the pyrolysis zone 17 is pyrolyzed and then burned into the combustion zone 18 at a temperature of 1200 ° C - 1500 ° C. After the combustion zone 18 is completely burned, the carbon and carbohydrates in the waste are all converted into flue gas, flue gas.
  • the composition is mainly 90% of C0 2 and 10% of N0 2 .
  • compressed garbage is an organic carbon such as a plastic bag that is pyrolyzed in an anoxic state, the formation of dioxins is prevented. Since the oxygen-rich gas is injected on both sides of the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3, the garbage can be sufficiently oxidized and burned to become flue gas and ash.
  • the closed garbage incinerator has a simple structure, a small furnace volume, a fast burning speed, a good combustion effect, and a large reduction in the amount of flue gas generated by combustion, and the furnace volume can be reduced compared with the existing waste incinerator of the same garbage disposal amount. 2 / 3, the amount of smoke generated by the incineration process is reduced by 3 / 4.
  • the temperature of the flue gas reaches 1200 ° C
  • the temperature of the compressed garbage 14 entering the furnace is normal temperature, so the high temperature flue gas and the compressed garbage 14
  • the heat exchange is continuously performed, and the turbulent speed of the high-temperature flue gas is utilized to increase the drying speed and pyrolysis efficiency of the garbage, thereby improving the efficiency.
  • the thermal efficiency of the incinerator and the amount of incineration waste are the thermal efficiency of the incinerator and the amount of incineration waste.
  • the flue gas generated in the lower incinerator 2-2 is operated by the induced draft fan, passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-2, the heat exchanger 11 reaches the induced draft fan 9, and one of the flue gases is input to the pure oxygen and the smoke.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a closed type garbage incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the flow path of the flue gas generated by the incinerator is also shown.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 1.
  • a closed type garbage incinerator is composed of a double-layer incinerator body 2, a closed garbage storage tank 8, a squeeze propeller 1, an aspirator 5, a heat exchanger 11, and a guide.
  • the fan 9, the liquid oxygen storage tank 13, the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, the carbon dioxide recovery device 7, the first nozzle 4, and the second nozzle 12 are composed.
  • the double-layer waste incinerator body 2 is composed of an upper incinerator body 2-1 and a lower incinerator body 2-2.
  • an upper incinerator body 2-1 is composed of an upper incinerator body 2-1 and a lower incinerator body 2-2.
  • the upper incinerator body 2-1 is composed of an upper incinerator body 2-1 and a lower incinerator body 2-2.
  • the incinerator body 2-2 is sequentially provided with a drying zone 16, a pyrolysis zone 17, a combustion zone 18 and a lower rail 15, a flue gas outlet 2-2-1, a first nozzle 4 and a second nozzle 12;
  • a lifter 22 is also provided in the layer incinerator body 2.
  • the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are in contact with each other, and the other ends of the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are connected by a lifter 22, so that a group of the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are arranged to be compressed.
  • the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 of 14 forms intermittent rolling; the waste incinerator is controlled by the program controller, and the flue gas generated in the incinerator passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-1, the heat exchanger 11, and the induced draft fan 9 minutes and two ways.
  • the output one of which directly enters the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, the other of which is separated into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10 by the carbon dioxide recovery unit 7 to separate the carbon dioxide, and the pure oxygen enters from the liquid oxygen storage tank 13
  • the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10 the mixed oxygen-enriched gas is supplied to the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 disposed on both sides of the incineration zone 18 of the lower incinerator 2-2, and enters the combustion zone 18
  • the compressed refuse 14 in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is subjected to high temperature combustion.
  • the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 has a three-stage structure, that is, the first, second, and third stage drums 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3, wherein the first and third stage drums 3-1 and 3-3 have the same diameter.
  • the diameter of the second stage drum 3-2 is larger than the diameter of the first and third stage drums 3-1, 3-3.
  • the first and third stage rollers 3-1 and 3-3 are connected to the outside.
  • the oxygen-enriched gas is injected into the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 to fully oxidize and burn the garbage, and the combustion temperature is 1200-1500 V. Therefore, the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 is made of high temperature resistant ceramic or high temperature resistant steel.
  • a closed garbage storage tank 8 is provided above the squeeze type propeller 1, and the garbage is pushed from the closed garbage storage tank 8 into the inner cavity of the squeeze propeller 1 and pushed into the compressed garbage 14 by the squeeze propeller 1.
  • the volume of the compressed waste 14 is compressed to 65% to 80% of the original volume), and then pushed into the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 located in the charging zone 21 and temporarily closed Compress the garbage entrance 2-1-1.
  • the upper rail 6 plane is at an angle between the first quadrant of the right angle coordinate and the horizontal plane (5-10 degrees, and the plane of the lower rail 15 is at a right angle.
  • the fourth quadrant of the coordinate and the horizontal plane angle ⁇ is 3-8 degrees.
  • the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 located in the ash-absorbing section 20 of the upper incinerator body 2-1 is connected to the ash-receiving port 5-1 of the aspirator 5 through the ash discharge port 2-1-2.
  • the induced draft fan 9 outputs a part of the flue gas to the carbon dioxide recovery unit 7, and the separated carbon dioxide gas is made into dry ice 23, and the remaining gas is sent to the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10.
  • the operation process of the closed garbage incinerator is as follows:
  • the garbage enters the inner cavity of the squeeze propeller 1 from the closed garbage storage tank 8, and is extruded into a compressed garbage 14 having a volume of only 65%-80% of the original volume by the squeeze propeller, and then pushed into the upper incinerator.
  • the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 rolls downward on the upper rail 6 having a slope of 5-10 degrees by its own weight.
  • the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is loaded with the compressed waste 14 into the drying zone 16 of the lower incinerator body 2-2.
  • the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is from the drying zone 16 (temperature is 200) °C) After drying, it will roll into the pyrolysis zone 17 (temperature is 600 °C) and then continue to enter the combustion zone 18 (temperature is 1200 °C), which is the first on both sides of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3
  • the nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 simultaneously simultaneously inject oxygen-enriched gas into the compressed refuse 14 in the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3, and start the lance to ignite the compressed waste 14 and completely burn it in a high temperature rich oxygen state.
  • the stepwise movement of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 matches the burning rate of the compressed waste in the combustion zone 18, and after each incineration of the compressed waste 14 in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3, the lifter 22 will incinerate the cylindrical resistance
  • the high temperature drum 3 is raised from the lower incinerator body 2-2 combustion zone 18 to the torrefaction zone 19 of the upper incinerator body 2-1, and the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is moved along the upper rail 6 to the suction section 20, the procedure
  • the controller activates the suction device 5 to suck the ash in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3, and then the empty cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 moves along the upper rail 6 toward the charging zone 21, assuming that each incineration is completed.
  • the time of the compressed garbage 14 in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is controlled to be 1 minute (the specific time is related to the size of the compressed garbage), so the lifting time of the lifter 22 is also controlled to 1 minute, that is, the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is 1 minute forward to move a cylinder position, the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 in the incinerator is sequentially moved along the upper rail 6 from the charging zone 21 of the upper incinerator body 2-1 to the lower incinerator 2-2.
  • the compressed waste 14 is ignited and completely burned to generate flue gas at a temperature of 1200 °C.
  • the flue gas generated in the lower incinerator 2-2 passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-1, the heat exchanger 11, and reaches the induced draft fan 9, wherein one flue gas is input into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, and the other flue gas input is input.
  • Carbon dioxide recovery unit 7, will dioxide in the flue gas Carbon separation, purification and purification into dry ice 23, the remaining gas is input into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, the proportion of which is calculated by weight percentage, oxygen accounts for 30%-35%, and flue gas and residual gas account for 65%-70% mixing.
  • the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 are respectively input, and the flue gas is completely recovered, achieving zero discharge and no pollution.
  • the ash generated by the burning of the garbage is sucked out by the ash ash in the ash-receiving area 20 of the upper-stage incinerator body 2-1, and is made into a building material to achieve zero discharge and no pollution.
  • the invention also proposes an incinerator body of a closed type garbage incinerator, wherein the incinerator body is composed of an upper incinerator body 2-1 and a lower incinerator body 2-2, and becomes a double-layer incinerator body 2,
  • the upper incinerator body 2-1 is provided with an ash-receiving zone 19, an ash-collecting zone 20, a loading zone 21 and an upper rail 6, a compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1, and a ash outlet 2-1-2.
  • a drying zone 16 a pyrolysis zone 17, a combustion zone 18 and a lower rail 15, a flue gas outlet 2-2-1, a first nozzle 4 and a second are sequentially disposed.
  • a lifter 22 is further disposed in the double-layer incinerator body 2, and the upper rail 6 is in contact with one end of the lower rail 15, and the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are The other end is connected by the lifter 22 to form an intermittent rolling movement of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 which is arranged adjacent to the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 and which is provided with the compressed garbage 14;
  • the waste incinerator is controlled by a program controller, and the flue gas generated by the incinerator body passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-1 Outputted to the outside, the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 are disposed on both sides of the combustion zone 18 of the lower incinerator body 2-2, and output oxygen-rich gas to the combustion zone 18
  • the compressed garbage 14 in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 entering the combustion zone 18 is subjected to high temperature combustion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are a sealed rubbish incineration furnace and an incineration furnace body. The furnace employs a dual-layer furnace body structure and upper and lower guide rails (6, 15) are provided inside the furnace. Rollers (3) able to withstand high temperatures for loaded compressed rubbish (14) join and are arranged along the upper and lower guide rails (6, 15) and make intermittent rolling movements with the aid of a lifting device (22) and a programmed controller. The path of movement thereof in sequence is a drying area (16), a pyrolysis area (17), a combustion area (18), the lifter (22), an awaiting ash extraction area (19), an ash extraction area (20), and a charging area (21). Two sides of the combustion area (18) are respectively provided with a first and a second nozzle (4, 12) to perform high temperature combustion of loaded compressed rubbish (14) on the roller in the combustion area (18). Flue gas produced by the incineration furnace is discharged out of the furnace via heat exchange, induced air and carbon dioxide recovery. Some of the flue gas and recovered residual gas are mixed with pure oxygen to form an oxygen-enriched gas mix which is fed to the first and second nozzles (4, 12). The incineration furnace has a simple structure, the volume of the furnace cavity is small, combustion speed is fast, and the results are good, and the quantity of flue gas produced by the combustion process can be significantly reduced.

Description

封闭式垃圾焚烧炉和焚烧炉体  Closed waste incinerator and incinerator body
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及垃圾焚烧炉技术领域， 特别涉及一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉和焚烧炉体。 背景技术  The invention relates to the technical field of waste incinerators, in particular to a closed garbage incinerator and an incinerator body. Background technique
废弃垃圾包括： 城镇路面清扫垃圾、 居民生活垃圾、 餐饮垃圾、 医疗垃圾、 农产品加 工废弃物、 有机污泥、 粪便、 废旧塑料及轮胎等统称为废弃垃圾。 现有垃圾处理方式一般 采取填埋或填埋回收沼气发电和直接焚烧发电， 这些方法仅仅是利用了垃圾的少部分热 能， 但是在焚烧发电过程中总是有烟气排放， 造成二次污染问题仍然未能解决， 例如： 垃 圾填埋的渗透液污染和垃圾焚烧烟气排放的二次污染等。  Waste garbage includes: urban road cleaning garbage, household garbage, food waste, medical waste, agricultural product processing waste, organic sludge, manure, waste plastics and tires are collectively referred to as waste. Existing waste treatment methods generally use landfill or landfill to recover biogas power generation and direct incineration power generation. These methods only use a small part of the heat energy of the garbage, but there is always smoke emission during the incineration power generation, causing secondary pollution problems. Still unresolved, such as: permeate pollution from landfills and secondary pollution from waste incineration.
目前，用于废弃垃圾处理的焚烧炉主要有机械炉排炉、流化床焚烧炉、回转式焚烧炉、 静态热解焚烧炉等。 最为常用的机械炉排炉一般分为三个阶段， 即干燥段、 燃烧段和燃烬 段。 流化床主要由保持煤体流动的空气分散装置、 不燃物排出装置、 不燃物筛选煤体循环 装置等组成。 回转窖是在钢制的圆筒内部， 加装耐火衬里及有孔钢板焊接成筒状， 以垃圾 传送方向为轴心，呈小角度倾斜旋转的设备，其***有两组环状钢制轮圈及几个滚轮支撑， 使圆筒缓慢的转动， 而将垃圾搅拌及向前输送。 这些炉的共同特征在于： （1 ) 、 燃烧温 度在 800-900°C范围内， 燃烧温度低， 燃烧效果差， 容易产生二恶英等有害气体； （2) 、 燃烧过程要向天空排放大量烟气（如氮氧化物、 二氧化碳、 二氧化硫及不完全燃烧的有害 气体二恶英等)造成二次污染； （3) 、 燃烧过程需要添加辅助燃料 （如煤、 油等） 造成燃 烧成本增高， 消耗大量的能源， 造成资源浪费； （4) 、 燃烧过程使用的助燃剂是空气， 由于空气中氮气是不参加燃烧反应而又要吸收大量的热量， 从而造成热损耗量大、 热效率 低。 由此可见， 这些炉存在如下不足之处： 炉体结构复杂、 炉膛容积大、 通入空气量大、 烟气排放量大、 燃烧温度低、 粉尘多、 热损耗量大， 既不节能也不环保。  At present, incinerators for waste disposal mainly include mechanical grate furnaces, fluidized bed incinerators, rotary incinerators, and static pyrolysis incinerators. The most commonly used mechanical grate furnaces are generally divided into three stages, namely the drying section, the combustion section and the burning section. The fluidized bed is mainly composed of an air dispersing device that keeps the coal body flowing, a non-combustible material discharging device, and a non-combustible material screening coal body circulating device. The slewing cymbal is a steel-made cylinder, which is equipped with a refractory lining and a perforated steel plate welded into a cylindrical shape, and is rotated at a small angle with the garbage conveying direction as the axis. There are two sets of ring-shaped steel wheels at the periphery. The ring and several roller supports, the cylinder rotates slowly, and the garbage is stirred and forwarded. The common characteristics of these furnaces are: (1), the combustion temperature is in the range of 800-900 °C, the combustion temperature is low, the combustion effect is poor, and harmful gases such as dioxins are easily generated; (2) The combustion process has to discharge a large amount into the sky. Flue gas (such as nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and incompletely burned harmful gases such as dioxins) cause secondary pollution; (3) The combustion process requires the addition of auxiliary fuels (such as coal, oil, etc.), resulting in increased combustion costs. It consumes a lot of energy and wastes resources. (4) The combustion improver used in the combustion process is air. Because nitrogen in the air does not participate in the combustion reaction, it absorbs a large amount of heat, resulting in large heat loss and low thermal efficiency. It can be seen that these furnaces have the following deficiencies: The furnace structure is complex, the furnace volume is large, the amount of air introduced is large, the smoke emission is large, the combustion temperature is low, the dust is large, the heat loss is large, and neither energy saving nor energy is saved. Environmental protection.
在现有的垃圾焚烧炉中烟气污染物都是通过烟肉排放到大气层。由于烟气处理运行成 本高或处理***维护困难等原因， 导致大量的烟气含有毒有害气体（如： 二氧化硫、 一氧 化碳、 氮氧化物、 二恶英等）及飞灰排放， 对环境空气、 水源和土壤造成严重污染， 这些 烟气长期排放会严重危及人类的生存环境。 现有的焚烧炉中对烟气二次污染问题仍未解 决。  In existing waste incinerators, smoke pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere through bacon. Due to high operating costs of flue gas treatment or difficult maintenance of the treatment system, a large amount of flue gas contains toxic and harmful gases (such as: sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, dioxins, etc.) and fly ash emissions, to ambient air and water sources. And the soil causes serious pollution, and the long-term discharge of these flue gases will seriously endanger the living environment of human beings. The problem of secondary pollution of flue gas in existing incinerators remains unresolved.
现有的垃圾焚烧炉中由于有大量的烟气不断排放，垃圾焚烧的热量会随着烟气排放而 被带走一部分热量使炉温下降； 且由于垃圾含水分高而热值低， 难以燃烧， 干燥这些垃圾 需耗大量的热空气， 垃圾焚烧产生的热量因加热空气又被损耗一部分， 也造成炉温下降； 此外， 由于焚烧炉的炉膛体积大， 炉膛表面散热面积大、 散热速度快和散热量大， 垃圾焚 烧产生的热量随着炉膛表面不断散热而又被损耗一部分， 使炉温下降。 其结果是现有各种 垃圾焚烧炉热效率低， 不能达到节能降耗的效果。 In the existing garbage incinerator, due to the continuous discharge of a large amount of flue gas, the heat of waste incineration will be discharged along with the flue gas. A part of the heat is taken away to lower the temperature of the furnace; and because the water content of the garbage is high, the heat value is low, and it is difficult to burn. The drying of the garbage requires a large amount of hot air, and the heat generated by the waste incineration is lost due to the heating air, and the furnace is also caused. In addition, due to the large volume of the furnace of the incinerator, the heat dissipation area of the furnace surface is large, the heat dissipation speed is fast, and the heat dissipation amount is large. The heat generated by the waste incineration is partially lost due to the continuous heat dissipation of the surface of the furnace, and the furnace temperature is lowered. As a result, various garbage incinerators have low thermal efficiency and cannot achieve the effect of energy saving and consumption reduction.
在现有的焚烧炉中燃烧氧化反应的助燃剂都是采用空气中的氧， 由于垃圾的组成较为 复杂， 热值不稳定性导致炉温不稳定， 热值低时一般会添加柴油或煤等高热值燃料维持炉 温， 也就是说必须消耗部分能源才能够稳定焚烧炉的炉温。 在有氧化剂条件下， 垃圾中的 塑料燃烧不充分时， 容易导致二恶英等有毒有害气体的产生而造成严重的污染。 垃圾焚烧 通常需要加大空气量以增加湍流度， 让空气与垃圾在炉膛内形成沸腾状态， 这样会导致烟 气中飞灰量增加， 使烟气净化处理难度增高并造成处理成本增加。现有的垃圾焚烧炉中对 提高炉温、 减少能源使用量以及烟气和粉尘等污染物控制仍未得到有效的解决。 发明内容  The combustion improver in the existing incinerator uses oxygen in the air. Due to the complicated composition of the waste, the instability of the calorific value causes the furnace temperature to be unstable. When the calorific value is low, diesel or coal is generally added. The high calorific value fuel maintains the furnace temperature, which means that part of the energy must be consumed to stabilize the furnace temperature of the incinerator. In the case of oxidizing agents, when the plastic in the garbage is not sufficiently burned, it may cause serious pollution due to the generation of toxic and harmful gases such as dioxins. Waste incineration Generally, it is necessary to increase the amount of air to increase the turbulence, so that the air and the garbage form a boiling state in the furnace. This will increase the amount of fly ash in the flue gas, making the flue gas purification treatment more difficult and increasing the treatment cost. The existing waste incinerators have not been effectively solved for improving furnace temperature, reducing energy use, and controlling pollutants such as flue gas and dust. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉和焚烧炉体， 该炉结构简单、 炉膛体积 小、 燃烧速度快、 燃烧效果好、 燃烧过程产生的烟气量能大幅度减少， 并全部回收， 实现 零排放无污染。  The object of the present invention is to provide a closed type garbage incinerator and an incinerator body. The structure of the furnace is simple, the furnace volume is small, the burning speed is fast, the combustion effect is good, the amount of flue gas generated by the combustion process can be greatly reduced, and all the recycling is completed. , achieve zero emissions and no pollution.
本发明所提出的技术解决方案是这样的：  The technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:
一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉， 包括焚烧炉体， 所述焚烧炉体由上层焚烧炉体 2-1和下层焚 烧炉体 2-2组成， 成为双层焚烧炉体 2， 在上层焚烧炉体 2-1内依次设有待吸灰区 19、 吸 灰区 20、 装料区 21， 以及上导轨 6、 压缩垃圾入口 2-1-1， 该压缩垃圾入口 2-1-1与挤压 式推进器 1的出口 1-1贯通连接， 还设有出灰口 2-1-2， 该出灰口 2-1-2与吸灰口 5-1贯通 连接； 在下层焚烧炉体 2-2内，依次设有干燥区 16、热解区 17、燃烧区 18以及下导轨 15、 烟气出口 2-2-1、 第一喷咀 4和第二喷咀 12; 在双层焚烧炉体 2内还设有升降器 22， 所述 上导轨 6与下导轨 15的一端交会相接， 上导轨 6与下导轨 15的另一端通过升降器 22连 接，使排列在上导轨 6与下导轨 15的一组内装压缩垃圾 14的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3形成间 歇滚动移动； 封闭式垃圾焚烧炉在程序控制器控制下焚烧炉内产生的烟气通过烟气出口 2-2-1、 换热器 11、 引风机 9分两路输出， 其中一路直接进入纯氧与烟气混合器 10内， 另 一路经二氧化碳回收装置 7分离二氧化碳后的剩余气体输入至纯氧与烟气混合器 10内， 纯氧从液氧储存罐 13经汽化后进入纯氧与烟气混合器 10内，混合后的富氧混合气体输至 设于下层焚烧炉 2-2的燃烧区 18两侧的第一喷咀 4与第二喷咀 12，对进入燃烧区 18的圆 柱形耐高温滚筒 3内的压缩垃圾 14进行高温燃烧。 A closed garbage incinerator comprising an incinerator body, the incinerator body being composed of an upper incinerator body 2-1 and a lower incinerator body 2-2, forming a double-layer incinerator body 2, in the upper incinerator body 2 -1 in turn is provided with a to-be-absorbed area 19, an ash-collecting area 20, a loading area 21, and an upper rail 6, a compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1, the compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1 and a squeeze propeller The outlet 1-1 of 1 is connected through, and is also provided with a ash port 2-1-2, which is connected to the ash port 5-1; in the lower incinerator body 2-2, A drying zone 16, a pyrolysis zone 17, a combustion zone 18, and a lower rail 15, a flue gas outlet 2-2-1, a first nozzle 4, and a second nozzle 12 are sequentially disposed; in the double-layer incinerator body 2 A lifter 22 is provided, the upper rail 6 is in contact with one end of the lower rail 15, and the other ends of the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are connected by a lifter 22, so that a group of the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are arranged. The cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 containing the compressed garbage 14 forms intermittent rolling movement; the closed type garbage incinerator is controlled by the program controller, and the flue gas generated in the incinerator passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-1, heat exchange 11. The induced draft fan has 9 points and two outputs, one of which directly enters the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, and the other is separated into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10 by the carbon dioxide recovery unit 7 to separate the carbon dioxide. Oxygen is vaporized from the liquid oxygen storage tank 13 and then enters the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, and the mixed oxygen-rich gas is supplied to the mixture. The first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 provided on both sides of the combustion zone 18 of the lower incinerator 2-2 perform high-temperature combustion of the compressed refuse 14 in the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 entering the combustion zone 18.
所述圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3设有第 1、 2、 3段滚筒 3-1、 3-2、 3-3 , 其中， 第 1、 3段滚 筒 3-1、 3-3直径相同， 第 2段滚筒 3-2的直径大于第 1、 3段滚筒 3-1、 3-3的直径， 所述 第 1、 3段滚筒 3-1、 3-3与外面贯通。 圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3的材料为耐高温陶瓷或耐高温 钢。  The cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is provided with the first, second and third stage drums 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, wherein the first and third stage drums 3-1, 3-3 have the same diameter, the second The diameter of the segment drum 3-2 is larger than the diameters of the first and third drums 3-1 and 3-3, and the first and third drums 3-1 and 3-3 are penetrated from the outside. The material of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is a high temperature resistant ceramic or a high temperature resistant steel.
所述挤压式推进器 1的上方设有封闭式垃圾储存罐 8， 垃圾从封闭式储存罐 8进入挤 压式推进器 1的内腔经挤压式推进器 1推压成压缩垃圾 14， 进而推入位于燃烧区 18的圆 柱形耐高温滚筒 3内并封闭压缩垃圾入口 2-1-1。  A closed garbage storage tank 8 is arranged above the squeeze propeller 1 , and the garbage enters the inner cavity of the squeeze propeller 1 from the closed storage tank 8 and is pushed into the compressed garbage 14 by the squeeze propeller 1 . Further, it is pushed into the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 located in the combustion zone 18 and closes the compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1.
所述上导轨 6平面在直角座标第一象限与水平面的夹角 a为 5-10度， 所述下导轨 15 平面直角坐标第四象限与水平面的夹角 β为 3-8度。所述位于上层焚烧炉体 2-1吸灰区 20 的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3通过出灰口 2-1-2与吸灰器 5的吸灰口 5-1贯通相接。  The plane of the upper rail 6 is at an angle of 5-10 degrees between the first quadrant of the right angle coordinate and the horizontal plane, and the angle β between the fourth quadrant of the plane orthogonal coordinate of the lower rail 15 and the horizontal plane is 3-8 degrees. The cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 located in the ash doping area 20 of the upper incinerator body 2-1 is connected to the ash port 5-1 of the ash aspirator 5 through the ash port 2-1-2.
从引风机 9输出部分烟气输至二氧化碳回收装置 7， 经分离后的二氧化碳气体制成干 冰 23， 余下气体输至纯氧与烟气混合器 10内。  The flue gas from the output of the draft fan 9 is sent to the carbon dioxide recovery unit 7, and the separated carbon dioxide gas is made into dry ice 23, and the remaining gas is sent to the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10.
本发明同样提出一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉的焚烧炉体， 所述焚烧炉体由上层焚烧炉体 The invention also proposes an incinerator body of a closed type garbage incinerator, wherein the incinerator body is composed of an upper incinerator body
2-1和下层焚烧炉体 2-2组成， 成为双层焚烧炉体 2， 在所述上层焚烧炉体 2-1内依次设有 待吸灰区 19、 吸灰区 20、 装料区 21 以及上导轨 6、 压缩垃圾入口 2-1-1， 还设有出灰口 2-1-2； 在所述下层焚烧炉体 2-2内， 依次设有干燥区 16、 热解区 17、 燃烧区 18以及下导 轨 15、 烟气出口 2-2-1、 第一喷咀 4和第二喷咀 12; 在所述双层焚烧炉体 2内还设有升降 器 22， 所述上导轨 6与所述下导轨 15的一端交会相接， 所述上导轨 6与所述下导轨 15 的另一端通过所述升降器 22连接，使相接排列在所述上导轨 6与所述下导轨 15的一组内 装有压缩垃圾 14的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3形成间歇滚动移动； 所述封闭式垃圾焚烧炉在程 序控制器控制下， 所述焚烧炉体内产生的烟气通过所述烟气出口 2-2-1输出至外界， 所述 第一喷咀 4与所述第二喷咀 12分设于所述下层焚烧炉体 2-2的所述燃烧区 18两侧， 并输 出富氧气体至所述燃烧区 18， 对进入所述燃烧区 18的所述圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内的压缩 垃圾 14进行高温燃烧。 2-1 and the lower incinerator body 2-2 are formed into a double-layer incinerator body 2, and in the upper incinerator body 2-1, an ash-receiving zone 19, an ash-collecting zone 20, a charging zone 21, and The upper rail 6 and the compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1 are further provided with a ash outlet 2-1-2; in the lower incinerator body 2-2, a drying zone 16, a pyrolysis zone 17, and a combustion are sequentially disposed. a region 18 and a lower rail 15, a flue gas outlet 2-2-1, a first nozzle 4 and a second nozzle 12; a lifter 22 is further disposed in the double-layer incinerator body 2, the upper rail 6 Interfacing with one end of the lower rail 15 , the other ends of the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are connected by the lifter 22 so as to be arranged in series on the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 a set of cylindrical high temperature resistant drums 3 containing compressed waste 14 forming intermittent rolling movement; said closed type garbage incinerator is controlled by a program controller, and the flue gas generated in said incinerator body passes through said flue gas outlet 2 -2-1 is output to the outside, and the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 are separately disposed in the lower incinerator body 2-2 On both sides of the combustion zone 18, and output oxygen-rich gas to the combustion zone 18, the compressed refuse 14 in the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 entering the combustion zone 18 is subjected to high-temperature combustion.
与现有技术相比， 本发明具有如下显著效果：  Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable effects:
( 1 ) 由于本发明的封闭式垃圾焚烧炉和焚烧炉体是将废弃垃圾压缩成原体积的 65 % -80 %的圆柱体压缩垃圾， 并放入圆柱形耐高温陶瓷滚筒内， 然后该滚筒首先进入温度为 200°C左右的下层焚烧炉 2-2的干燥区 16干燥， 压缩垃圾干燥后进入温度为 600°C左右的 热解区 17内热解， 然后再进入温度为 1200°C-1500°C的燃烧区 18内燃烧， 在燃烧区 18完 全燃烧后， 垃圾中碳及碳水化合物全部转化变成烟气， 烟气的成分主要是占 90 %的 C02、 占 10 %的 N02， 由于压缩垃圾是在缺氧状态下热解垃圾中的塑料袋等有机碳， 防止了二 恶英的生成。由于在圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3两侧喷入富氧气体，能使垃圾得到充分氧化燃烧， 变成烟气和灰渣。 可见本封闭式垃圾焚烧炉结构简单， 炉膛体积小， 燃烧速度快， 燃烧效 果好， 燃烧产生的烟气量大幅减少， 与现有相同垃圾处理量的垃圾焚烧炉相比， 其炉膛体 积可缩小 2 / 3， 焚烧过程产生的烟气量减少 3 / 4。 (1) Since the closed type garbage incinerator and the incinerator body of the present invention compresses the waste garbage into 65%-80% of the cylindrical compressed garbage of the original volume, and puts it into a cylindrical high-temperature ceramic drum, and then the drum First, the drying zone 16 of the lower incinerator 2-2 having a temperature of about 200 ° C is dried, and the compressed garbage is dried and then enters a temperature of about 600 ° C. The pyrolysis zone 17 is pyrolyzed and then burned into the combustion zone 18 at a temperature of 1200 ° C - 1500 ° C. After the combustion zone 18 is completely burned, the carbon and carbohydrates in the waste are all converted into flue gas, flue gas. The composition is mainly 90% of C0 2 and 10% of N0 2 . Since compressed garbage is an organic carbon such as a plastic bag that is pyrolyzed in an anoxic state, the formation of dioxins is prevented. Since the oxygen-rich gas is injected on both sides of the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3, the garbage can be sufficiently oxidized and burned to become flue gas and ash. It can be seen that the closed garbage incinerator has a simple structure, a small furnace volume, a fast burning speed, a good combustion effect, and a large reduction in the amount of flue gas generated by combustion, and the furnace volume can be reduced compared with the existing waste incinerator of the same garbage disposal amount. 2 / 3, the amount of smoke generated by the incineration process is reduced by 3 / 4.
(2)在下层焚烧炉 2-2的燃烧区 18产生的 1200°C以上的高温烟气， 在引风机 9作用 下， 引向干燥区 16方向， 烟气流动方向与下导轨 15上装有压缩垃圾 14的圆柱形耐高温 滚筒 3 的运动方向相反， 形成对流， 此时由于烟气的温度达 1200°C， 而进炉的压缩垃圾 14的温度为常温， 故高温烟气与这些压缩垃圾 14存在很大的温差， 这样就能利用高温烟 气与垃圾之间形成的强烈逆向对流， 不断进行热交换， 利用高温烟气的湍流速度去提高这 些垃圾的干燥速度和热解效率， 从而提高了焚烧炉的热效率和焚烧垃圾量。  (2) The high-temperature flue gas generated above 1200 ° C in the combustion zone 18 of the lower incinerator 2-2 is led to the direction of the drying zone 16 by the induced draft fan 9, and the flow direction of the flue gas and the lower rail 15 are compressed. The cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 of the garbage 14 moves in the opposite direction to form convection. At this time, since the temperature of the flue gas reaches 1200 ° C, the temperature of the compressed garbage 14 entering the furnace is normal temperature, so the high temperature flue gas and the compressed garbage 14 There is a large temperature difference, so that the strong reverse convection formed between the high-temperature flue gas and the garbage can be utilized, and the heat exchange is continuously performed, and the turbulent speed of the high-temperature flue gas is utilized to increase the drying speed and pyrolysis efficiency of the garbage, thereby improving the efficiency. The thermal efficiency of the incinerator and the amount of incineration waste.
( 3 )在下层焚烧炉 2-2产生的烟气在引风机作用下，经过烟气出口 2-2-2、换热器 11、 到达引风机 9， 其中一路烟气输入至纯氧与烟气混合器 10， 另一路烟气输入二氧化碳回收 装置 7， 将烟气中的二氧化碳分离、 净化提纯成干冰 23， 剩余气体输入纯氧与烟气混合器 10， 液氧储存罐 13内的纯氧经汽化后输入纯氧与烟气混合器 10， 与剩余气体、 部分烟气 混合后， 分别输入第一喷咀 4与第二喷咀 12， 烟气全部回收， 实现零排放， 无污染。 附图说明 图 1是本发明一个实施例的一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉结构示意图， 图中还画有该焚烧炉 产生的烟气流动路线。  (3) The flue gas generated in the lower incinerator 2-2 is operated by the induced draft fan, passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-2, the heat exchanger 11 reaches the induced draft fan 9, and one of the flue gases is input to the pure oxygen and the smoke. The gas mixer 10, the other flue gas is input to the carbon dioxide recovery device 7, the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is separated and purified and purified into dry ice 23, and the remaining gas is input into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, and the pure oxygen in the liquid oxygen storage tank 13 After being vaporized, the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10 is input, and after mixing with the remaining gas and part of the flue gas, the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 are respectively input, and the flue gas is completely recovered to achieve zero discharge and no pollution. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a closed type garbage incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the flow path of the flue gas generated by the incinerator is also shown.
图 2是图 1的 A-A剖视示意图。  Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1.
图 3是图 1的 B-B剖视示意图。  Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1.
图 4是图 1的 C-C剖视示意图。  Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 1.
各附图标记说明如下：  The reference numerals are as follows:
1， 挤压式推进器； 1-1， 推进器出口； 2， 双层焚烧炉体； 2-1， 上层焚烧炉体； 2-1 -1 , 压缩垃圾入口； 2-1 -2， 出灰口； 2-2， 下层焚烧炉体； 2-2-1， 烟气出口； 3， 圆柱形耐高温滚筒； 3-1， 第一段滚筒； 3-2第二段滚筒； 3-3第三段滚筒； 4， 第一喷 咀； 5， 吸灰器； 5-1， 吸灰口； 6， 上导轨； 7， 二氧化碳回收装置； 8， 封闭式垃圾 储存罐； 9， 引风机； 10， 纯氧与烟气混合器； 1 1， 换热器； 12， 第二喷咀； 13， 液 氧储罐； 14， 压缩垃圾； 15， 下导轨； 16， 干燥区； 17， 热解区； 18， 燃烧区； 19， 待吸灰区； 20， 吸灰区； 21， 装料区； 22， 升降器； 23， 干冰。 具体实施方式 1, squeeze propeller; 1-1, propeller outlet; 2, double-layer incinerator body; 2-1, upper incinerator body; 2-1 -1 , compressed garbage inlet; 2-1 -2, out Gray mouth; 2-2, lower incinerator body; 2-2-1, flue gas outlet; 3, cylindrical high temperature resistant drum; 3-1, first stage drum; 3-2 second stage drum; 3-3 Third stage drum; 4, first nozzle; 5, dust suction device; 5-1, ash suction port; 6, upper rail; 7, carbon dioxide recovery device; 8, closed garbage Storage tank; 9, induced draft fan; 10, pure oxygen and flue gas mixer; 1 1, heat exchanger; 12, second nozzle; 13, liquid oxygen storage tank; 14, compressed garbage; 15, lower rail; , drying zone; 17, pyrolysis zone; 18, combustion zone; 19, to be ashesed area; 20, suction area; 21, loading area; 22, lifter; 23, dry ice. Detailed ways
通过下面实施例对本发明作进一步详细阐述。  The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
参见图 1-图 4所示， 一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉是由双层焚烧炉体 2、 封闭式垃圾储存罐 8、 挤压式推进器 1、 吸灰器 5、 换热器 11、 引风机 9、 液氧储存罐 13、 纯氧与烟气混合器 10、 二氧化碳回收装置 7、 第 1喷咀 4和第二喷咀 12组成。  Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a closed type garbage incinerator is composed of a double-layer incinerator body 2, a closed garbage storage tank 8, a squeeze propeller 1, an aspirator 5, a heat exchanger 11, and a guide. The fan 9, the liquid oxygen storage tank 13, the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, the carbon dioxide recovery device 7, the first nozzle 4, and the second nozzle 12 are composed.
双层垃圾焚烧炉体 2由上层焚烧炉体 2-1和下层焚烧炉体 2-2组成。 在上层焚烧炉体 The double-layer waste incinerator body 2 is composed of an upper incinerator body 2-1 and a lower incinerator body 2-2. In the upper incinerator body
2-1内依次设有待吸灰区 19、 吸灰区 20、 装料区 21， 以及上导轨 6、 压缩垃圾入口 2-1-1， 该压缩垃圾入口 2-1-1与推进器 1的出口 1-1贯通连接， 还设有出灰口 2-1-2和吸灰器 5， 该出灰口 2-1-2与吸灰器 5的吸灰口 5-1贯通连接； 在下层焚烧炉体 2-2内依次设有干燥 区 16、热解区 17、燃烧区 18以及下导轨 15、烟气出口 2-2-1、第一喷咀 4和第二喷咀 12; 在双层焚烧炉体 2内还设有升降器 22。 所述上导轨 6与下导轨 15的一端交会相接， 上导 轨 6与下导轨 15的另一端通过升降器 22连接， 使相接排列在上导轨 6与下导轨 15的一 组内装有压缩垃圾 14的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3形成间歇滚动； 垃圾焚烧炉在程序控制器控 制下， 焚烧炉内产生的烟气通过烟气出口 2-2-1、 换热器 11、 引风机 9分两路输出， 其中 一路直接进入纯氧与烟气混合器 10内， 另一路经二氧化碳回收装置 7分离二氧化碳后的 剩余气体输入至纯氧与烟气混合器 10内，纯氧从液氧储存罐 13进入纯氧与烟气混合器 10 内， 混合后的富氧气体输至设于下层焚烧炉 2-2的焚烧区 18两侧的第一喷咀 4与第二喷 咀 12， 对进入燃烧区 18的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内的压缩垃圾 14进行高温燃烧。 2-1 is provided with a to-be-absorbed area 19, an ash-collecting area 20, a loading area 21, and an upper rail 6, a compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1, and the compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1 and the propeller 1 The outlet 1-1 is connected through, and is provided with a ash port 2-1-2 and an aspirator 5, and the ash port 2-1-2 is connected to the ash port 5-1 of the aspirator 5; The incinerator body 2-2 is sequentially provided with a drying zone 16, a pyrolysis zone 17, a combustion zone 18 and a lower rail 15, a flue gas outlet 2-2-1, a first nozzle 4 and a second nozzle 12; A lifter 22 is also provided in the layer incinerator body 2. The upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are in contact with each other, and the other ends of the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are connected by a lifter 22, so that a group of the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are arranged to be compressed. The cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 of 14 forms intermittent rolling; the waste incinerator is controlled by the program controller, and the flue gas generated in the incinerator passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-1, the heat exchanger 11, and the induced draft fan 9 minutes and two ways. The output, one of which directly enters the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, the other of which is separated into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10 by the carbon dioxide recovery unit 7 to separate the carbon dioxide, and the pure oxygen enters from the liquid oxygen storage tank 13 In the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, the mixed oxygen-enriched gas is supplied to the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 disposed on both sides of the incineration zone 18 of the lower incinerator 2-2, and enters the combustion zone 18 The compressed refuse 14 in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is subjected to high temperature combustion.
圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3为三段式结构， 即第 1、 2、 3段滚筒 3-1、 3-2、 3-3， 其中第 1、 3段滚筒 3-1、 3-3直径相同， 第 2段滚筒 3-2的直径大于第 1、 3段滚筒 3-1、 3-3的直径。 第 1、 3段滚筒 3-1、 3-3与外面贯通。  The cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 has a three-stage structure, that is, the first, second, and third stage drums 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3, wherein the first and third stage drums 3-1 and 3-3 have the same diameter. The diameter of the second stage drum 3-2 is larger than the diameter of the first and third stage drums 3-1, 3-3. The first and third stage rollers 3-1 and 3-3 are connected to the outside.
向圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内喷入富氧气体使垃圾充分氧化燃烧， 燃烧温度在 1200-1500 V , 所以圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3需采用耐高温陶瓷或耐高温钢制作而成。  The oxygen-enriched gas is injected into the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 to fully oxidize and burn the garbage, and the combustion temperature is 1200-1500 V. Therefore, the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 is made of high temperature resistant ceramic or high temperature resistant steel.
挤压式推进器 1上方设有封闭式垃圾储存罐 8， 垃圾从封闭式垃圾储存罐 8进入挤压 式推进器 1的内腔经挤压式推进器 1推压成压缩垃圾 14。 （压缩垃圾 14的体积被压缩至 原有体积的 65 %至 80 % )， 进而推入位于装料区 21的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内并暂时封闭 压缩垃圾入口 2-1-1。 Above the squeeze type propeller 1, a closed garbage storage tank 8 is provided, and the garbage is pushed from the closed garbage storage tank 8 into the inner cavity of the squeeze propeller 1 and pushed into the compressed garbage 14 by the squeeze propeller 1. (The volume of the compressed waste 14 is compressed to 65% to 80% of the original volume), and then pushed into the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 located in the charging zone 21 and temporarily closed Compress the garbage entrance 2-1-1.
上导轨 6平面在直角座标第一象限与水平面夹角 ( 为 5-10度， 下导轨 15平面在直角 座标第四象限与水平面夹角 β为 3-8度。  The upper rail 6 plane is at an angle between the first quadrant of the right angle coordinate and the horizontal plane (5-10 degrees, and the plane of the lower rail 15 is at a right angle. The fourth quadrant of the coordinate and the horizontal plane angle β is 3-8 degrees.
位于上层焚烧炉体 2-1吸灰区 20的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3通过出灰口 2-1-2与吸灰器 5 的吸灰口 5-1贯通相接。  The cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3 located in the ash-absorbing section 20 of the upper incinerator body 2-1 is connected to the ash-receiving port 5-1 of the aspirator 5 through the ash discharge port 2-1-2.
引风机 9输出部分烟气至二氧化碳回收装置 7，经分离后的二氧化碳气体制成干冰 23， 余下气体输至纯氧与烟气混合器 10内。  The induced draft fan 9 outputs a part of the flue gas to the carbon dioxide recovery unit 7, and the separated carbon dioxide gas is made into dry ice 23, and the remaining gas is sent to the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10.
本封闭式垃圾焚烧炉的运行过程是这样的：  The operation process of the closed garbage incinerator is as follows:
垃圾从封闭式垃圾储存罐 8进入挤压式推进器 1的内腔，经挤压式推进器挤压成体积 仅为原体积 65 %-80 %的压缩垃圾 14，进而被推入上层焚烧炉体 2-1的装料区 21的圆柱形 耐高温滚筒 3的第 2段 3-2内， 圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3依靠自重在有坡度 5-10度的上导轨 6 上向下滚动移动， 圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3装载着压缩垃圾 14进入下层焚烧炉体 2-2的干燥 区 16， 由于下导轨 15有坡度 3-8度， 所以圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3从干燥区 16 (温度为 200 °C )干燥后滚动移动进入热解区 17 (温度为 600°C )热解， 再继续进入燃烧区 18 (温度为 1200°C ) ， 此时位于圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3两侧的第一喷咀 4和第二喷咀 12同时向圆柱形 耐高温滚筒 3内的压缩垃圾 14喷射富氧气体，启动喷枪点燃压缩垃圾 14并使其在高温富 氧状态下完全燃烧。 圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3的步进式移动与燃烧区 18压缩垃圾的焚烧速度 匹配， 每焚烧完毕一个圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内的压缩垃圾 14后， 升降器 22就将焚烧完毕 的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3从下层焚烧炉体 2-2燃烧区 18升至上层焚烧炉体 2-1的待吸灰区 19， 圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3沿着上导轨 6移动到吸灰区 20时， 程序控制器启动吸灰器 5动 作， 将该圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内的灰渣吸出， 然后， 空的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3沿着上导轨 6向装料区 21移动， 假设每焚烧完毕一个圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内的压缩垃圾 14的时间控 制为 1分钟 （具体时间与压缩垃圾大小有关） ， 所以升降器 22的升降时间亦控制为 1分 钟， 也就是说圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3每 1分钟向前移动一个筒位， 焚烧炉内的圆柱形耐高温 滚筒 3沿着上导轨 6依次从上层焚烧炉体 2-1的装料区 21滚动移动至下层焚烧炉 2-2的干 燥区 16、热解区 17， 再进入燃烧区 18， 此时第一喷咀 4与第二喷咀 12同时向进入燃烧区 18的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内的压缩垃圾 14喷射富氧气体，点燃压缩垃圾 14并使其完全燃 烧， 产生温度达 1200°C的烟气。  The garbage enters the inner cavity of the squeeze propeller 1 from the closed garbage storage tank 8, and is extruded into a compressed garbage 14 having a volume of only 65%-80% of the original volume by the squeeze propeller, and then pushed into the upper incinerator. In the second section 3-2 of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 of the charging zone 21 of the body 2-1, the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 rolls downward on the upper rail 6 having a slope of 5-10 degrees by its own weight. The cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is loaded with the compressed waste 14 into the drying zone 16 of the lower incinerator body 2-2. Since the lower rail 15 has a slope of 3-8 degrees, the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is from the drying zone 16 (temperature is 200) °C) After drying, it will roll into the pyrolysis zone 17 (temperature is 600 °C) and then continue to enter the combustion zone 18 (temperature is 1200 °C), which is the first on both sides of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 The nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 simultaneously simultaneously inject oxygen-enriched gas into the compressed refuse 14 in the cylindrical high-temperature resistant drum 3, and start the lance to ignite the compressed waste 14 and completely burn it in a high temperature rich oxygen state. The stepwise movement of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 matches the burning rate of the compressed waste in the combustion zone 18, and after each incineration of the compressed waste 14 in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3, the lifter 22 will incinerate the cylindrical resistance The high temperature drum 3 is raised from the lower incinerator body 2-2 combustion zone 18 to the torrefaction zone 19 of the upper incinerator body 2-1, and the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is moved along the upper rail 6 to the suction section 20, the procedure The controller activates the suction device 5 to suck the ash in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3, and then the empty cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 moves along the upper rail 6 toward the charging zone 21, assuming that each incineration is completed. The time of the compressed garbage 14 in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is controlled to be 1 minute (the specific time is related to the size of the compressed garbage), so the lifting time of the lifter 22 is also controlled to 1 minute, that is, the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 is 1 minute forward to move a cylinder position, the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 in the incinerator is sequentially moved along the upper rail 6 from the charging zone 21 of the upper incinerator body 2-1 to the lower incinerator 2-2. The drying zone 16, the pyrolysis zone 17, and the combustion zone 18, at which time the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 simultaneously simultaneously eject oxygen-enriched gas into the compressed waste 14 entering the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 of the combustion zone 18. The compressed waste 14 is ignited and completely burned to generate flue gas at a temperature of 1200 °C.
在下层焚烧炉 2-2产生的烟气经过烟气出口 2-2-1、换热器 11、到达引风机 9， 其中一 路烟气输入纯氧与烟气混合器 10， 另一路烟气输入二氧化碳回收装置 7， 将烟气中的二氧 化碳分离， 净化提纯成干冰 23， 剩余气体输入纯氧与烟气混合器 10， 其配比按重量百分 比计算， 氧气占 30 %-35 %， 烟气及余气占 65 %-70 %混合后， 分别输入第一喷咀 4与第二 喷咀 12， 烟气全部回收、 实现零排放、 无污染。 The flue gas generated in the lower incinerator 2-2 passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-1, the heat exchanger 11, and reaches the induced draft fan 9, wherein one flue gas is input into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, and the other flue gas input is input. Carbon dioxide recovery unit 7, will dioxide in the flue gas Carbon separation, purification and purification into dry ice 23, the remaining gas is input into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer 10, the proportion of which is calculated by weight percentage, oxygen accounts for 30%-35%, and flue gas and residual gas account for 65%-70% mixing. After that, the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 are respectively input, and the flue gas is completely recovered, achieving zero discharge and no pollution.
燃烧垃圾产生的灰渣， 在上层焚烧炉体 2-1的吸灰区 20由吸灰器 5将圆柱形耐高温 滚筒 3内的灰渣吸出， 制成建筑材料， 实现零排放、 无污染。  The ash generated by the burning of the garbage is sucked out by the ash ash in the ash-receiving area 20 of the upper-stage incinerator body 2-1, and is made into a building material to achieve zero discharge and no pollution.
本发明同样提出一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉的焚烧炉体， 所述焚烧炉体由上层焚烧炉体 2-1和下层焚烧炉体 2-2组成， 成为双层焚烧炉体 2， 在所述上层焚烧炉体 2-1内依次设有 待吸灰区 19、 吸灰区 20、 装料区 21 以及上导轨 6、 压缩垃圾入口 2-1-1， 还设有出灰口 2-1-2； 在所述下层焚烧炉体 2-2内， 依次设有干燥区 16、 热解区 17、 燃烧区 18以及下导 轨 15、 烟气出口 2-2-1、 第一喷咀 4和第二喷咀 12; 在所述双层焚烧炉体 2内还设有升降 器 22， 所述上导轨 6与所述下导轨 15的一端交会相接， 所述上导轨 6与所述下导轨 15 的另一端通过所述升降器 22连接，使相接排列在所述上导轨 6与所述下导轨 15的一组内 装有压缩垃圾 14的圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3形成间歇滚动移动； 所述封闭式垃圾焚烧炉在程 序控制器控制下， 所述焚烧炉体产生的烟气通过所述烟气出口 2-2-1输出至外界， 所述第 一喷咀 4与所述第二喷咀 12分设于所述下层焚烧炉体 2-2的所述燃烧区 18两侧， 并输出 富氧气体至所述燃烧区 18， 对进入所述燃烧区 18的所述圆柱形耐高温滚筒 3内的压缩垃 圾 14进行高温燃烧。  The invention also proposes an incinerator body of a closed type garbage incinerator, wherein the incinerator body is composed of an upper incinerator body 2-1 and a lower incinerator body 2-2, and becomes a double-layer incinerator body 2, The upper incinerator body 2-1 is provided with an ash-receiving zone 19, an ash-collecting zone 20, a loading zone 21 and an upper rail 6, a compressed garbage inlet 2-1-1, and a ash outlet 2-1-2. In the lower incinerator body 2-2, a drying zone 16, a pyrolysis zone 17, a combustion zone 18 and a lower rail 15, a flue gas outlet 2-2-1, a first nozzle 4 and a second are sequentially disposed. a nozzle 12; a lifter 22 is further disposed in the double-layer incinerator body 2, and the upper rail 6 is in contact with one end of the lower rail 15, and the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 are The other end is connected by the lifter 22 to form an intermittent rolling movement of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 which is arranged adjacent to the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 15 and which is provided with the compressed garbage 14; The waste incinerator is controlled by a program controller, and the flue gas generated by the incinerator body passes through the flue gas outlet 2-2-1 Outputted to the outside, the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 12 are disposed on both sides of the combustion zone 18 of the lower incinerator body 2-2, and output oxygen-rich gas to the combustion zone 18 The compressed garbage 14 in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum 3 entering the combustion zone 18 is subjected to high temperature combustion.

Claims

权利要求 Rights request
1. 一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉， 包括焚烧炉体， 其特征在于： 所述焚烧炉体由上层 焚烧炉体 （2-1) 和下层焚烧炉体 （2-2) 组成， 成为双层焚烧炉体 （2) ， 在所述上 层焚烧炉体 （2-1) 内依次设有待吸灰区 （19) 、 吸灰区 （20) 、 装料区 （21) 以及 上导轨 （6) 、 压缩垃圾入口 （2-1-1) ， 该压缩垃圾入口 （2-1-1) 与挤压式推进器 (1) 的出口 （1-1)贯通连接， 还设有出灰口 （2-1-2)和吸灰器（5) ， 该吸灰器（5) 的吸灰口 （5-1) 与所述出灰口 （2-1-2) 贯通连接； 在所述下层焚烧炉体 （2-2) 内， 依次设有干燥区 （16) 、 热解区 （17) 、 燃烧区 （18) 以及下导轨 （15) 、 烟气出 口 （2-2-1) 、 第一喷咀 （4) 和第二喷咀 （12) ； 在所述双层焚烧炉体 （2) 内还设 有升降器 （22) ， 所述上导轨 （6) 与所述下导轨 （15) 的一端交会相接， 所述上导 轨 （6) 与所述下导轨 （15) 的另一端通过所述升降器 （22) 连接， 使相接排列在所 述上导轨 （6) 与所述下导轨 （15) 的一组内装有压缩垃圾 （14) 的圆柱形耐高温滚 筒 （3) 形成间歇滚动移动； 所述封闭式垃圾焚烧炉在程序控制器控制下， 所述封闭 式垃圾焚烧炉内产生的烟气通过所述烟气出口 （2-2-1) 、 换热器（11) 、 引风机（9) 分两路输出， 其中一路直接进入纯氧与烟气混合器 （10) 内， 另一路经二氧化碳回 收装置 （7) 分离二氧化碳后的剩余气体输入至所述纯氧与烟气混合器 （10) 内， 纯 氧从液氧储存罐 （13) 经汽化后进入所述纯氧与烟气混合器 （10) 内， 混合后的富 氧混合气体输至设于所述下层焚烧炉（2-2)的所述燃烧区（18)两侧的第一喷咀（4) 与第二喷咀 （12) ， 对进入所述燃烧区 （18) 的所述圆柱形耐高温滚筒 （3) 内的压 缩垃圾 （14) 进行高温燃烧。  A closed garbage incinerator comprising an incinerator body, characterized in that: the incinerator body is composed of an upper incinerator body (2-1) and a lower incinerator body (2-2), and is double-layer incineration a furnace body (2), in which the ash-receiving area (19), the ash-receiving area (20), the charging area (21) and the upper rail (6) are sequentially arranged in the upper-stage incinerator body (2-1), and compressed Garbage inlet (2-1-1), the compressed garbage inlet (2-1-1) is connected to the outlet (1-1) of the squeeze propeller (1), and also has a ash outlet (2-1 -2) and a dust absorbing device (5), the ash collecting port (5-1) of the ash absorbing device (5) is connected to the ash outlet (2-1-2); in the lower layer incinerator body (2-2), in turn, there are drying zone (16), pyrolysis zone (17), combustion zone (18) and lower rail (15), flue gas outlet (2-2-1), first nozzle (4) and a second nozzle (12); a lifter (22) is provided in the double-layer incinerator body (2), and one end of the upper rail (6) and the lower rail (15) The intersection of the upper rail (6) and the lower rail The other end of the 15) is connected by the lifter (22), and the cylindrical high temperature resistant to the compressed garbage (14) is arranged in a group of the upper rail (6) and the lower rail (15). The drum (3) forms an intermittent rolling movement; the closed garbage incinerator is controlled by a program controller, and the flue gas generated in the closed garbage incinerator is exchanged through the flue gas outlet (2-2-1) The heat exchanger (11) and the induced draft fan (9) are output in two ways, one of which directly enters the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer (10), and the other passes through the carbon dioxide recovery unit (7) to separate the remaining gas from the carbon dioxide. In the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer (10), pure oxygen is vaporized from the liquid oxygen storage tank (13) into the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer (10), and the mixed oxygen-enriched gas is sent to a first nozzle (4) and a second nozzle (12) disposed on both sides of the combustion zone (18) of the lower incinerator (2-2), for entering the combustion zone (18) The compressed garbage (14) in the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum (3) is burned at a high temperature.
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的封闭式垃圾焚烧炉， 其特征在于： 所述圆柱形的耐高 温滚筒 （3) 设有第 1、 2、 3段滚筒 （3-1、 3-2、 3-3) ， 其中， 所述第 1、 3段滚筒 2. The closed type garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum (3) is provided with the first, second, and third stage drums (3-1, 3-2, 3) -3) , wherein the first and third stage rollers
(3-1、 3-3)直径相同， 所述第 2段滚筒（3-2) 的直径大于所述第 1、 3段滚筒 （3-1、 3-30) 的直径， 所述第 1、 3段滚筒 （3-1、 3-3) 与外面贯通。 (3-1, 3-3) having the same diameter, the diameter of the second stage drum (3-2) is larger than the diameter of the first and third stage drums (3-1, 3-30), the first The three-stage drum (3-1, 3-3) is connected to the outside.
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的封闭式垃圾焚烧炉， 其特征在于： 所述圆柱形耐 高温滚筒 (3)的材料为耐高温陶瓷或耐高温钢。  The enclosed garbage incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material of the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum (3) is a high temperature resistant ceramic or a high temperature resistant steel.
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的封闭式垃圾焚烧炉， 其特征在于： 所述挤压式推进器 (1) 的上方设有封闭式垃圾储存罐 （8) ， 垃圾从所述封闭式储存罐 （8) 进入所述 挤压式推进器 (1)的内腔经所述挤压式推进器 (1)推压成压缩垃圾 （14) ， 进而推入位 于所述燃烧区（18)的所述圆柱形耐高温滚筒（3)内并封闭所述压缩垃圾入口（2-1-1)。 4. The closed type garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: above the squeeze type propeller (1), a closed garbage storage tank (8) is provided, and the garbage is discharged from the closed storage tank (8) The inner chamber entering the squeeze type pusher (1) is pushed into the compressed garbage (14) by the squeeze type pusher (1), and then pushed into the combustion zone (18) The cylindrical high temperature resistant drum (3) is enclosed and the compressed garbage inlet (2-1-1) is closed.
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的封闭式垃圾焚烧炉， 其特征在于： 所述上导轨 （6)平 面在直角座标第一象限与水平面的夹角（ 为 5-10度， 所述下导轨 （15) 平面在直角 座标第四象限与水平面的夹角 β为 3-8度。 The enclosed garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the plane of the upper rail (6) is at an angle between the first quadrant of the rectangular coordinate and the horizontal plane (5-10 degrees, the lower rail) (15) The angle between the plane of the fourth quadrant of the right angle coordinate and the horizontal plane is 3-8 degrees.
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的封闭式垃圾焚烧炉， 其特征在于： 位于所述上层焚烧 炉体（2-1)的所述吸灰区（20)的所述圆柱形耐高温滚筒（3)通过所述出灰口（2-1-2) 与所述吸灰器 （5) 的所述吸灰口 （5-1) 贯通相接。  6. The closed type garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum (3) located in the ash collecting area (20) of the upper incinerator body (2-1) ) through the ash outlet (2-1-2) and through the ash port (5-1) of the ash aspirator (5).
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的封闭式垃圾焚烧炉， 其特征在于： 从所述引风机 （9) 输出部分烟气至所述二氧化碳回收装置 （7) ， 经分离后的二氧化碳气体制成干冰 The enclosed garbage incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: part of the flue gas is outputted from the draft fan (9) to the carbon dioxide recovery device (7), and the separated carbon dioxide gas is made into dry ice.
(23) ， 余下气体输至所述纯氧与烟气混合器 （10) 内。 (23), the remaining gas is sent to the pure oxygen and flue gas mixer (10).
8. 一种封闭式垃圾焚烧炉的焚烧炉体， 其特征在于： 所述焚烧炉体由上层焚烧 炉体 （2-1) 和下层焚烧炉体 （2-2) 组成， 成为双层焚烧炉体 （2) ， 在所述上层焚 烧炉体 （2-1) 内依次设有待吸灰区 （19) 、 吸灰区 （20) 、 装料区 （21) 以及上导 轨 （6) 、 压缩垃圾入口 （2-1-1) ， 还设有出灰口 （2-1-2) ； 在所述下层焚烧炉体 (2-2) 内依次设有干燥区 （16) 、 热解区 （17) 、 燃烧区 （18) 以及下导轨 （15) 、 烟气出口 （2-2-1) 、 第一喷咀 （4) 和第二喷咀 （12) ； 在所述双层焚烧炉体 （2) 内还设有升降器 （22) ， 所述上导轨 （6) 与所述下导轨 （15) 的一端交会相接， 所 述上导轨 （6) 与所述下导轨 （15) 的另一端通过所述升降器 （22) 连接， 使相接排 列在所述上导轨 （6) 与所述下导轨 （15) 的一组内装有压缩垃圾 （14) 的圆柱形耐 高温滚筒 （3) 形成间歇滚动移动； 所述封闭式垃圾焚烧炉在程序控制器控制下， 所 述焚烧炉体内产生的烟气通过所述烟气出口（2-2-1)输出至外界， 所述第一喷咀（4) 与所述第二喷咀 （12) 分设于所述下层焚烧炉 （2-2) 的所述燃烧区 （18) 两侧， 并 输出富氧气体至所述燃烧区 （18) ， 对进入所述燃烧区 （18) 的所述圆柱形耐高温 滚筒 （3) 内的压缩垃圾 （14) 进行高温燃烧。  8. An incinerator body for a closed type garbage incinerator, characterized in that: the incinerator body is composed of an upper incinerator body (2-1) and a lower incinerator body (2-2), and becomes a double-layer incinerator Body (2), in the upper incinerator body (2-1), an ash-collecting zone (19), an ash-collecting zone (20), a charging zone (21), and an upper rail (6) are sequentially arranged, and the garbage is compressed. The inlet (2-1-1) is also provided with a ash outlet (2-1-2); in the lower layer incinerator body (2-2), a drying zone (16) and a pyrolysis zone are sequentially arranged (17) , the combustion zone (18) and the lower rail (15), the flue gas outlet (2-2-1), the first nozzle (4) and the second nozzle (12); in the double-layer incinerator body ( 2) a lifter (22) is also arranged, the upper rail (6) meets with one end of the lower rail (15), and the upper rail (6) and the lower rail (15) One end is connected by the lifter (22) to arrange a cylindrical high temperature resistant drum (3) which is arranged in a group of the upper rail (6) and the lower rail (15) with compressed garbage (14) Forming room Rolling movement; the closed garbage incinerator is controlled by a program controller, and the flue gas generated in the incinerator body is output to the outside through the flue gas outlet (2-2-1), the first nozzle ( 4) separating from the second nozzle (12) on both sides of the combustion zone (18) of the lower incinerator (2-2), and outputting oxygen-rich gas to the combustion zone (18), The compressed refuse (14) entering the cylindrical high temperature resistant drum (3) of the combustion zone (18) is subjected to high temperature combustion.
PCT/CN2012/074886 2012-02-10 2012-04-28 Sealed rubbish incineration furnace and incineration furnace body WO2013117059A1 (en)

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CN2012100294487A CN102563660B (en) 2012-02-10 2012-02-10 Closed garbage incinerator
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CN103672909B (en) * 2013-12-12 2016-01-27 李观德 A kind of Combined garbage multi-layer high-temperature burns innoxious energy source device
CN106196088A (en) * 2016-08-19 2016-12-07 李世平 A kind of incinerator of energy-saving and emission-reduction

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GB926428A (en) * 1960-04-22 1963-05-15 City Of Dusseldorf Garbage burning installation
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CN1217775A (en) * 1996-08-27 1999-05-26 等离子技术有限公司 Plasma high-temp. decomposition and glass transition for municipal waste
CN2589824Y (en) * 2002-12-27 2003-12-03 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Urban refuse pyrolysis incinerator
CN101532667A (en) * 2008-12-25 2009-09-16 张圣东 Efficient burning furnace with rotary fluidization grate
CN201706508U (en) * 2010-01-26 2011-01-12 清华大学 Garbage incinerator with roller grate
CN102620296A (en) * 2012-02-10 2012-08-01 袁永扬 Closed refuse incineration furnace

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