WO2013058175A1 - スイッチング電源装置 - Google Patents
スイッチング電源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013058175A1 WO2013058175A1 PCT/JP2012/076397 JP2012076397W WO2013058175A1 WO 2013058175 A1 WO2013058175 A1 WO 2013058175A1 JP 2012076397 W JP2012076397 W JP 2012076397W WO 2013058175 A1 WO2013058175 A1 WO 2013058175A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33538—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type
- H02M3/33546—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type with automatic control of the output voltage or current
- H02M3/33553—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only of the forward type with automatic control of the output voltage or current with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4826—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode operating from a resonant DC source, i.e. the DC input voltage varies periodically, e.g. resonant DC-link inverters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switching power supply device, and more particularly to a switching power supply device that performs power transmission by a multiple resonance circuit.
- Patent Document 1 is disclosed as an LC series resonance type DC-DC converter.
- FIG. 14 is a basic circuit diagram of the switching power supply device of Patent Document 1.
- This switching power supply device is a current resonance type half-bridge DC-DC converter, and an LC resonance circuit composed of an inductor Lr and a capacitor Cr and two switching elements Q1 and Q2 are connected to a primary winding np of a transformer T. ing.
- a rectifying and smoothing circuit including diodes Ds1 and Ds2 and a capacitor Co is formed in the secondary windings ns1 and ns2 of the transformer T.
- the switching elements Q1 and Q2 are complementarily turned on and off with a dead time therebetween, and the current waveform flowing through the transformer T becomes a sinusoidal resonance waveform.
- power is transmitted from the primary side to the secondary side in both the on-period / off-period of the two switching elements Q1, Q2.
- An LC resonance circuit is formed only on the primary side (or the secondary side), and a mutual inductance Lm is equivalently formed by magnetic coupling between the primary winding and the secondary winding. Is transmitted.
- the leakage magnetic flux not involved in the magnetic coupling forms an equivalent leakage inductance, and the magnetic energy of the secondary leakage inductance becomes a power loss as a switching loss of the rectifier diode.
- the leakage inductance of the secondary winding increases and the power loss increases.
- the output power can be controlled by changing the switching frequency fs.
- the switching frequency fs is controlled to be high at a light load and low at a heavy load.
- the switching frequency fs becomes too high to control the output power, causing problems such as intermittent oscillation operation and output voltage jumping.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a switching power supply device that improves power conversion efficiency while improving output stability.
- the switching power supply device of the present invention is configured as follows. (1) a transformer having at least a primary winding and a secondary winding; A primary resonant inductor Lr configured in series with the primary winding equivalently; At least one primary side resonance capacitor Cr which forms a primary side resonance circuit together with the primary side resonance inductor Lr; A primary side AC voltage generating circuit that includes at least two switching elements, and generates a trapezoidal wave (square wave) AC voltage from the input DC power supply voltage and supplies the AC voltage to the primary side resonance circuit by these switching circuits; A primary circuit comprising: A secondary resonance inductor Ls configured equivalently in series with the secondary winding; A secondary side resonance capacitor Cs which forms a secondary side resonance circuit together with the secondary side resonance inductor Ls; A secondary rectifier circuit having a rectifier element and rectifying an alternating current output from the secondary resonant circuit to obtain a direct current voltage; A secondary circuit comprising: A mutual inductance Lm is equivalently formed by mutual induction between the primary winding and the secondary
- a capacitance Cm is formed, and a multiple resonance circuit including a plurality of LC resonance circuits in each of the primary side circuit and the secondary side circuit is configured;
- the primary side resonance circuit and the secondary side resonance circuit resonate, and electric power is supplied from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit by electromagnetic resonance coupling in which current flows in the mutual inductance Lm and the mutual capacitance Cm.
- the secondary resonance circuit configures a current path different from a current path in which the rectifying elements are configured in series, and transmits power from the primary winding to the secondary winding. It is characterized by that.
- an equivalent mutual inductance is formed by electromagnetic resonance coupling between the primary winding and the secondary winding, and the primary side resonance circuit and the secondary side resonance circuit are formed by the double resonance circuit. Can be efficiently transmitted from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit by magnetic field resonance coupling. Further, when the rectifying element becomes non-conductive, the inductor Ls and the capacitor Cs resonate and are stored as resonance energy, thereby reducing power loss.
- the primary side AC voltage generating circuit represents the switching frequency represented by fs, and the complex connected to the primary side AC voltage generating circuit in a state where a load is connected to the output of the secondary side circuit.
- fs the resonance frequency at which the input impedance viewed from the input of the resonance circuit is minimized.
- the switching element constituting the primary side AC voltage generation circuit since the input impedance of the multiple resonance circuit viewed from the primary side AC voltage generation circuit is an inductive impedance in any load state, the switching element constituting the primary side AC voltage generation circuit.
- a zero voltage switching operation can be realized and a desired output power can be controlled with respect to a load state change.
- ZVS zero voltage switching
- ZCS zero current switching
- Operation is possible and switching loss is reduced. High efficiency can be achieved.
- a predetermined frequency fc that operates while maintaining the resonance operation even in a no-load state where no load is connected to the output is set, It is preferable to operate within the range of fa ⁇ fs ⁇ fc to control transmission power.
- the output power can be controlled within a desired operating frequency range.
- the secondary side resonance capacitor Cs is connected in parallel to the secondary winding, and the secondary side rectifier circuit is configured to rectify the voltage of the secondary side resonance capacitor Cs. It is preferable.
- the secondary side resonance capacitor Cs is connected in series with the secondary winding, and the secondary side rectifier circuit is configured to rectify the current of the secondary side resonance capacitor Cs. .
- the secondary side resonance capacitor Cs is connected in parallel to the rectifier element that constitutes the secondary side rectifier circuit.
- the rectifying element According to the above configuration, ZVS and ZCS operations of the rectifying element are possible, switching loss is reduced, and high efficiency can be achieved.
- the junction capacitance of the rectifying element as a resonance capacitor, the number of components can be reduced, and the power supply device can be reduced in size and weight.
- the secondary side rectifier circuit is, for example, a bridge rectifier circuit.
- the withstand voltage required for the rectifying element can be lowered.
- the secondary side rectifier circuit is, for example, a center tap rectifier circuit.
- the output current can be supplied by the two rectifying elements and the two secondary windings, and the efficiency can be improved in the application where the output current is large.
- the secondary side rectifier circuit is, for example, a voltage doubler rectifier circuit.
- a high voltage can be supplied by one secondary winding, and high efficiency can be achieved in applications where the output voltage is high.
- the switching element is turned on when the voltage across the terminal decreases to near zero voltage to perform zero voltage switching operation.
- the resonant inductor component is unnecessary, and the switching power supply device can be reduced in size and weight.
- the primary side resonant inductor Lr or the secondary side resonant inductor Ls is preferably a leakage inductance of the primary winding or the secondary winding.
- the number of parts can be reduced, and the power supply device can be reduced in size and weight.
- the stray capacitance of the primary winding together with the primary side resonance capacitor Cr constitutes the primary side resonance circuit, or the stray capacitance of the secondary winding together with the secondary side resonance capacitor Cs is 2 It is preferable to configure a secondary resonance circuit.
- the number of parts can be reduced, and the power supply device can be reduced in size and weight.
- the number of parts can be reduced, and the power supply device can be reduced in size and weight.
- the switching element is a FET
- the diode connected in parallel is a parasitic diode of the FET
- the parasitic capacitance of the FET is used as a parallel capacitor.
- the number of parts can be reduced, and the power supply device can be reduced in size and weight.
- the resonance frequency of the primary side resonance circuit and the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit are substantially equal.
- the power transmission efficiency is further increased. Further, the resonance frequency band of electromagnetic resonance coupling can be widened.
- the switching circuit is preferably a circuit in which four switching elements are connected in a full bridge.
- the breakdown voltage required for the switching element can be lowered.
- the secondary rectifier circuit is a synchronous rectifier circuit that rectifies in synchronization with the operation of the switching circuit of the primary AC voltage generating circuit.
- the power receiving circuit can be used as a power transmission circuit. In this way, for example, bidirectional power transmission is possible.
- the present invention has the following effects.
- An equivalent mutual inductance Lm is formed between the primary winding np and the secondary winding ns by electromagnetic resonance coupling, and the primary winding np and the secondary winding (ns, ns1, ns2)
- the mutual mutual capacitance Cm is formed by the interaction between the primary side circuit and the secondary side resonant circuit by the double resonance circuit, and the efficiency from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit is resonated. Power can be transmitted well.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply apparatus 101 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of each part of the switching power supply device 101 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply apparatus 103 according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 104 of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 105 of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 106 of the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 107 of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 108 of the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 109 of the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 110 of the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 111 of the eleventh embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 112 of the twelfth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a basic circuit diagram of the switching power supply device of Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply apparatus 101 according to the first embodiment.
- the switching power supply device 101 is a circuit in which an input power supply Vi is input to an input unit and supplies stable DC power from an output unit to a load Ro.
- the switching power supply apparatus 101 includes the following units.
- a transformer T having a primary winding np and secondary windings ns1 and ns2 ⁇ Primary resonance inductor Lr configured in series with primary winding np equivalently ⁇ At least one primary resonance capacitor Cr that forms a primary resonance circuit together with the resonance inductor Lr ⁇
- Two switching circuits each consisting of switching elements Q1 and Q2, antiparallel diodes Dds1 and Dds2 and parallel capacitors Cds1 and Cds2 ⁇
- the above switching circuit generates trapezoidal (square wave) AC voltage from input DC power supply voltage Primary side AC voltage generation circuit that generates and applies to the primary side resonance circuit ⁇ Secondary side resonance inductors Ls1 and Ls2 configured in series with the secondary windings ns1 and ns2 ⁇ Secondary resonance capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 that form a secondary resonance circuit together with the resonant inductors Ls1 and Ls2 ⁇
- Secondary rectifier circuit that has diodes Ds1 and Ds2 and obtain
- an LC resonance circuit composed of Cs1, Ls1, and Lms1 and an LC resonance circuit composed of Cs2, Ls2, and Lms2 are provided.
- Lm, Lr, Cs1, Lr1, Lms1, Cs2, Lr2, Lms2, Cm1, Cm2, and Cm3 constitute a multiple resonance circuit.
- This switching power supply device 101 is as follows.
- An equivalent mutual inductance Lm, Lms1, Lms2 is formed by mutual induction between the primary winding np and the secondary windings ns1, ns2, and Cr, Lr, Lm, Cs1, Ls1, Lms1, Cs2 , Ls2, Lms2, Cm1, Cm2, and Cm3, the primary side resonance circuit and the secondary side resonance circuit resonate, and resonance current flows through the mutual inductances Lm, Lm1, and Lm2, and the mutual capacitances Cm1, Cm2 , Electric power is transmitted from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit by electromagnetic resonance coupling in which current flows in Cm3.
- the switching elements Q1 and Q2 are alternately turned on and off with a dead time therebetween, whereby a trapezoidal AC voltage waveform is generated from the DC voltage Vi.
- This trapezoidal wave AC voltage waveform is a sine wave waveform or a part of a sine wave waveform due to resonance phenomenon by a multi-resonance circuit consisting of Cr, Lm, Lr, Cs1, Lr1, Lms1, Cs2, Lr2, Lms2, Cm1, Cm2, Cm3.
- the AC current waveform is Further, the DC voltage is generated by being rectified by the rectifying elements Ds1 and Ds2.
- the resonance frequency at which the input impedance viewed from the input of the multiple resonance circuit connected to the primary AC voltage generation circuit is minimized is represented by fa. fa ⁇ fs
- the transmission power is controlled by operating within a certain range.
- FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of each part of the switching power supply device 101 shown in FIG. The operation of the switching power supply apparatus 101 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the gate-source voltages of the switching elements Q1, Q2 are vgs1, vgs2, the drain-source voltages are vds1, vds2, and the voltages across the diodes Ds1, Ds2, respectively, are vrs1, vrs2, and the secondary windings ns1, ns2, respectively.
- the current flowing through the common ground is represented by is.
- Switching elements Q1 and Q2 are alternately turned on and off with a short dead time when both switch elements are turned off, and the current flowing in Q1 and Q2 is commutated during the dead time period to perform the ZVS operation.
- the operation in each period in one switching cycle is as follows.
- the equivalent mutual capacitances Cm1, Cms2, and Cms3 are formed by the interaction between the primary side resonance circuit and the secondary side in the multi-resonance circuit composed of Cr, Lr, Lm, Cs1, Ls1, Lms1, Cs2, Ls2, and Lms2.
- the power is transmitted from the primary circuit to the secondary circuit by magnetic field resonance coupling in which resonance current flows through the mutual inductances Lm, Lms1, and Lms2 due to resonance with the side resonance circuit.
- a resonance current flows through the capacitor Cr and the inductors Lr and Lm.
- Equivalent mutual capacitances Cm1, Cms2, and Cms3 are formed by the action, and primary side resonance in a multi-resonant circuit composed of Cr, Lr, Lm, Cs1, Ls1, Lms1, Cs2, Ls2, Lms2, Cm1, Cms2, and Cms3
- the circuit and the secondary side resonance circuit resonate, and electric power is transmitted from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit by magnetic field resonance coupling in which a resonance current flows through the mutual inductances Lm, Lms1, and Lms2.
- a resonance current flows through the capacitor Cr and the inductors Lr and Lm.
- An equivalent mutual inductance and an equivalent mutual capacitance due to interaction are formed by mutual induction between the primary winding np and the secondary winding ns1, and the primary side resonance circuit is formed by the double resonance circuit.
- the secondary side resonance circuit resonates and power can be efficiently transmitted from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit by electromagnetic resonance coupling.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment.
- secondary resonance capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 are connected in parallel to the diodes Ds1 and Ds2.
- the antiparallel diodes Dds1 and Dds2 shown in FIG. 1 are constituted by parasitic diodes of the switching elements Q1 and Q2.
- junction capacitances of the diodes Ds1 and Ds2 can be used as the secondary resonance capacitors Cs1 and Cs2.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply apparatus 103 according to the third embodiment.
- the secondary side resonance capacitor is constituted by one capacitor Cs.
- one secondary resonance capacitor Cs can be formed, and the number of parts can be reduced.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 104 of the fourth embodiment.
- the leakage inductance of the winding is used for the inductors Lr, Ls1, and Ls2, and the mutual inductance of the transformer T is used for the inductors Lm, Lm1, and Lm2.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 105 of the fifth embodiment.
- capacitors Cs1 and Cs2 are configured in series with inductors Ls1 and Ls2, respectively, and capacitors Cs3 and Cs4 are connected in parallel to the output.
- the frequency fc can be set to a desired value by appropriately setting the values of the capacitors Cs1 to Cs4.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 106 of the sixth embodiment.
- a bridge rectifier circuit is configured as a rectifier circuit.
- one secondary winding can be configured, and one capacitor Cs can be configured.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 107 of the seventh embodiment.
- a bridge rectifier circuit is configured as a rectifier circuit, and resonant capacitors Cs1, Cs2, Cs3, and Cs4 are provided in parallel to the rectifier diodes Ds1, Ds2, Ds3, and Ds4. It is composed.
- the operational effects are the same as those shown in the first embodiment.
- the junction capacitances of the diodes Ds1, Ds2, Ds3, and Ds4 can be used as the resonance capacitors Cs1, Cs2, Cs3, and Cs4, the number of components can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 108 of the eighth embodiment.
- the capacitor Cs1 is connected in series to the inductor Ls, and the capacitor Cs2 is connected in parallel to the output.
- the frequency fc can be set to a desired value, and the breakdown voltage required for the rectifying elements (diodes Ds1, Ds2, Ds3, Ds4) can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to use a rectifying element with a small conduction loss, which can reduce the loss.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 109 of the ninth embodiment.
- the rectifier circuit is a voltage doubler rectifier circuit
- the capacitor Cs is connected in series with the inductor Ls
- the resonant capacitor is connected in parallel with the rectifier diodes Ds1 and Ds2.
- Cs1 and Cs2 are configured.
- a high output voltage can be obtained by voltage doubler rectification, and the junction capacitances of the diodes Ds1 and Ds2 can be used as the resonance capacitors Cs1 and Cs2.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 110 of the tenth embodiment.
- the resonance capacitors Cr, Cs, mutual inductance (Lm, Lms), primary winding np and secondary winding ns are different from those of the ninth embodiment. Configured in position. Further, the leakage inductance of the windings is inductors Lr and Ls, and the secondary rectifier circuit is a synchronous rectifier circuit.
- the operational effects are the same as those shown in the first embodiment.
- the tenth embodiment has the following effects.
- the component mounting area can be effectively utilized by appropriately arranging the resonant capacitors Cr, Cs, the primary winding np, and the secondary winding ns.
- the resonance capacitor Cr By setting the resonance capacitor Cr to the ground potential on the input side, the voltage or current of the resonance capacitor Cr can be easily detected, and the power can be controlled by detecting this voltage and controlling the switching element. .
- the current is detected by connecting a capacitor with a small capacity in parallel with the resonance capacitor Cr and detecting the current flowing through the capacitor with the small capacity, thereby detecting the current of the resonance capacitor Cr at a ratio according to the capacity ratio. It becomes possible.
- the number of components can be reduced and the power supply device can be reduced in size and weight. Further, by using the mutual inductance between the windings as the resonant inductor (Lm, Lms), the number of components can be reduced, and the power supply device can be reduced in size and weight.
- -Rectification loss can be reduced by using a secondary rectifier circuit as a synchronous rectifier circuit.
- a secondary rectifier circuit as a synchronous rectifier circuit.
- the switching elements constituting the synchronous rectifier circuit it is possible to transmit energy on the power receiving side, and the power receiving side circuit can be used as a power transmission circuit. In this way, for example, bidirectional power transmission is possible.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 111 of the eleventh embodiment. This example is different from the switching power supply apparatus 101 of the first embodiment in the following points.
- the primary AC voltage generator is a full bridge circuit.
- a self-resonant coil is used for the primary winding np and the secondary winding ns.
- -A magnetic core is not used for coupling the primary winding np and the secondary winding ns, and the core is empty.
- the rectifier circuit on the secondary side is a synchronous rectifier bridge rectifier circuit.
- the power transmission system can be simply configured by using self-resonant coils for the primary winding and the secondary winding.
- the required withstand voltage of the switching element can be lowered, and a switching element with less conduction loss can be used. Therefore, it is possible to use a switching element with a small conduction loss, which can reduce the loss.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device 112 of the twelfth embodiment. Unlike the switching power supply device 101 of the first embodiment, this example is equivalent to other than equivalent mutual capacitances Cm1, Cm2, and Cm3 due to the interaction between the primary winding np and the secondary windings ns1 and ns2. A mutual capacitance Cm4 is formed.
- the LC resonance circuits on both the primary side and the secondary side may be electromagnetically resonance coupled.
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Abstract
Description
(1)少なくとも1次巻線と2次巻線を備えたトランスと、
前記1次巻線に対して等価的に直列に構成される1次側共振インダクタLrと、
前記1次側共振インダクタLrとともに1次側共振回路を構成する少なくとも1つの1次側共振キャパシタCrと、
少なくとも2つのスイッチング素子を備え、これらのスイッチング回路により、入力直流電源電圧から台形波(方形波)の交流電圧を生成して前記1次側共振回路へ与える1次側交流電圧発生回路と、
を備えた1次側回路と、
前記2次巻線に対して等価的に直列に構成される2次側共振インダクタLsと、
前記2次側共振インダクタLsとともに2次側共振回路を構成する2次側共振キャパシタCsと、
整流素子を有し、前記2次側共振回路から出力される交流電流を整流して直流電圧を得る2次側整流回路と、
を備えた2次側回路と、
前記1次巻線と前記2次巻線との間で相互誘導により等価的に相互インダクタンスLmが形成され、前記1次巻線と前記2次巻線との間で相互作用により等価的に相互キャパシタンスCmが形成され、少なくとも前記1次側回路および前記2次側回路のそれぞれに複数のLC共振回路を備えた複共振回路が構成され、
前記複共振回路により、
前記1次側共振回路と前記2次側共振回路とが共鳴して、前記相互インダクタンスLmおよび前記相互キャパシタンスCmに電流が流れる電磁界共鳴結合により前記1次側回路から前記2次側回路へ電力が伝送され、
前記1次巻線から送電されないエネルギーは共振現象により前記1次側共振回路に共振エネルギーとして保存され、
前記2次巻線が受電したエネルギーのうち、出力に供給されないエネルギーは共振現象により前記2次側共振回路に共振エネルギーとして保存され、
前記2次側共振回路は、前記整流素子が直列に構成される電流経路とは異なる電流経路を構成して、前記1次巻線から前記2次巻線へ電力を伝送する、
ことを特徴とする。
fa≦fs なる範囲で動作して、伝送電力を制御することが好ましい。
fa≦fs≦fc なる範囲で動作して、伝送電力を制御することが好ましい。
図1は第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101の回路図である。
スイッチング電源装置101は、入力部に入力電源Viが入力され、出力部から負荷Roへ安定した直流電力を供給する回路である。スイッチング電源装置101は次の各部を備えている。
・1次巻線npに対して等価的に直列に構成される1次側共振インダクタLr
・共振インダクタLrとともに1次側共振回路を構成する少なくとも1つの1次側共振キャパシタCr
・スイッチング素子Q1,Q2、逆並列ダイオードDds1,Dds2および並列キャパシタCds1,Cds2でそれぞれ構成される、2つのスイッチング回路
・前記スイッチング回路により、入力直流電源電圧から台形波(方形波)の交流電圧を発生して1次側共振回路へ与える1次側交流電圧発生回路
・2次巻線ns1,ns2に対して等価的に直列に構成される2次側共振インダクタLs1,Ls2
・共振インダクタLs1,Ls2とともに2次側共振回路を構成する2次側共振キャパシタCs1,Cs2
・ダイオードDs1,Ds2を有し、2次側共振回路から出力される交流電流を整流して直流電圧を得る2次側整流回路
・1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1,ns2との間で相互誘導により等価的な相互インダクタンスLms1,Lms2が形成され、1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1,ns2との間の相互作用により等価的な相互キャパシタンスCm1、Cm2、Cm3が形成され、1次側回路および2次側回路のそれぞれに複数のLC共振回路を備えた複共振回路
このスイッチング電源装置の特徴となる構成を端的に表せば、次のとおりである。
fa≦fs
なる範囲にて動作して伝送電力が制御される。
始め、ダイオードDds1は導通する。ダイオードDds1の導通期間においてスイッチング素子Q1をターンオンすることでZVS動作が行われ、スイッチング素子Q1は導通する。1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1,ns2との間に相互誘導によって等価的な相互インダクタンスLm、Lms1、Lms2が形成され、また、1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1との間に相互作用によって等価的な相互キャパシタンスCm1、Cms2、Cms3が形成され、Cr、Lr、Lm、Cs1、Ls1、Lms1、Cs2、Ls2、Lms2からなる複共振回路において、1次側共振回路と2次側共振回路とが共鳴して、相互インダクタンスLm、Lms1、Lms2に共振電流が流れる磁界共鳴結合により1次側回路から2次側回路へ電力が伝送される。1次側では、キャパシタCr、インダクタLr、Lmに共振電流が流れる。2次側では、キャパシタCs1、インダクタLs1、Lms1、およびキャパシタCs2、インダクタLs2、Lms2に共振電流が流れる。キャパシタCs1は充電され、キャパシタCs2は放電される。負荷RoにはキャパシタCoから電流が供給される。電圧vs1と出力電圧voが等しくなり、電圧vs2が0VなるとダイオードDs1は導通して、State2となる。
1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1との間に相互誘導によって等価的な相互インダクタンスLm、Lms1が形成され、また、1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1,ns2との間に相互作用によって等価的な相互キャパシタンスCm1、Cms2、Cms3が形成され、電磁界結合により1次側回路から2次側回路へ電力が伝送される。1次側では、キャパシタCrとインダクタLr、Lmに共振電流が流れる。2次側では、インダクタLs1、Lms1に共振電流が流れ、ダイオードDs1を通って負荷Roに電流が供給される。スイッチング素子Q1がターンオフするとState3となる。
1次側では、インダクタLrに流れていた電流irにより、キャパシタCds1は充電され、キャパシタCds2は放電される。2次側では、インダクタLs1の電流により、ダイオードDs1を通って負荷Roに電流が供給される。電圧vds1が電圧Vi、電圧vds2が0VになるとダイオードDds2が導通してState4となる。
始め、ダイオードDds2は導通する。ダイオードDds2の導通期間においてスイッチング素子Q2をターンオンすることでZVS動作が行われ、スイッチング素子Q2は導通する。1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1との間に相互誘導によって等価的な相互インダクタンスLm、Lms1、Lms2が形成され、また、1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1との間に相互作用によって等価的な相互キャパシタンスCm1、Cms2、Cms3が形成され、Cr、Lr、Lm、Cs1、Ls1、Lms1、Cs2、Ls2、Lms2、Cm1、Cms2、Cms3からなる複共振回路において、1次側共振回路と2次側共振回路とが共鳴して、相互インダクタンスLm、Lms1、Lms2に共振電流が流れる磁界共鳴結合により1次側回路から2次側回路へ電力が伝送される。1次側では、キャパシタCr、インダクタLr、Lmに共振電流が流れる。2次側では、キャパシタCs1、インダクタLs1、Lms1、およびキャパシタCs2、インダクタLs2、Lms2に共振電流が流れる。キャパシタCs1は放電され、キャパシタCs2は充電される。負荷RoにはキャパシタCoから電流が供給される。電圧vs1が0V、電圧vs2が出力電圧voと等しくなるとダイオードDs2は導通してState5となる。
1次巻線npと2次巻線ns2との間に相互誘導によって等価的な相互インダクタンスLm、Lms2が形成され、また、1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1,ns2との間に相互作用によって等価的な相互キャパシタンスCm1、Cms2、Cms3が形成され、電磁界結合により1次側回路から2次側回路へ電力が伝送される。1次側では、キャパシタCrとインダクタLr、Lmに共振電流が流れる。2次側では、インダクタLs2、Lms2に共振電流が流れ、ダイオードDs2を通って負荷Roに電流を供給する。スイッチング素子Q2がターンオフするとState6となる。
1次側では、インダクタLrに流れていた電流irにより、キャパシタCds1は放電され、キャパシタCds2は充電される。2次側では、インダクタLs2の電流により、ダイオードDs2を通って負荷Roに電流が供給される。電圧vds1が0V、電圧vds2が電圧ViになるとダイオードDds1が導通して、再びState1となる。
(a)1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1との間に相互誘導によって等価的な相互インダクタンスと相互作用による等価的な相互キャパシタンスが形成されて、複共振回路によって1次側共振回路と2次側共振回路とが共鳴して、電磁界共鳴結合により1次側回路から2次側回路へ効率良く電力を伝送できる。
図3は第2の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置102の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、2次側共振キャパシタCs1、Cs2をダイオードDs1、Ds2に対し並列に接続している。また、図1に示した逆並列ダイオードDds1,Dds2をスイッチング素子Q1,Q2の寄生ダイオードで構成している。
図4は第3の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置103の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、2次側共振キャパシタを1つのキャパシタCsで構成している。
図5は第4の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置104の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、インダクタLr、Ls1、Ls2に巻線の漏れインダクタンスを利用し、インダクタLm、Lm1、Lm2にトランスTの相互インダクタンスを利用している。
図6は第5の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置105の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、キャパシタCs1とCs2をインダクタLs1とLs2に対してそれぞれ直列に構成し、キャパシタCs3とCs4を出力に対して並列に接続している。
図7は第6の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置106の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、整流回路としてブリッジ整流回路を構成している。
図8は第7の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置107の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、整流回路としてブリッジ整流回路を構成し、整流ダイオードDs1、Ds2、Ds3、Ds4に対して並列に共振キャパシタCs1、Cs2、Cs3、Cs4を構成している。
図9は第8の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置108の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、キャパシタCs1をインダクタLsに対して直列に接続し、キャパシタCs2を出力に対して並列に接続している。
図10は第9の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置109の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、整流回路を倍電圧整流回路とし、インダクタLsに対して直列にキャパシタCsを接続し、整流ダイオードDs1、Ds2に対して並列に共振キャパシタCs1、Cs2を構成している。
図11は第10の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置110の回路図である。この例では第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、共振キャパシタCr、Cs、相互インダクタンス(Lm、Lms)、1次巻線npおよび2次巻線nsを第9の実施形態とは異なる位置に構成している。また、巻線の漏れインダクタンスをインダクタLr、Lsとし、2次側整流回路を同期整流回路としている。
図12は第11の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置111の回路図である。この例は次の点で第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なる。
・1次側交流電圧発生回路をフルブリッジ回路で構成している。
・1次巻線np、2次巻線nsに自己共振コイルを用いている。
・1次巻線npと2次巻線nsの結合に磁心を用いないで、空心としている。
・2次側の整流回路を同期整流ブリッジ整流回路としている。
図13は第12の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置112の回路図である。この例は第1の実施形態のスイッチング電源装置101と異なり、1次巻線npと2次巻線ns1,ns2との間の相互作用により、等価的な相互キャパシタンスCm1、Cm2、Cm3以外に等価的な相互キャパシタンスCm4が形成されている。
Cm1、Cm2、Cm3…相互キャパシタンス
Cr…1次側共振キャパシタ
Cs…2次側共振キャパシタ
Cs1,Cs2…2次側共振キャパシタ
Dds1,Dds2…逆並列ダイオード
Lm…相互インダクタンス
Lms1,Lms2…相互インダクタンス
Lr…1次側共振インダクタ
Ls…2次側共振インダクタ
Ls1,Ls2…2次側共振インダクタ
np…1次巻線
ns…2次巻線
ns1,ns2…2次巻線
Q1,Q2…スイッチング素子
Ro…負荷
T…トランス
101~111…スイッチング電源装置
Claims (18)
- 少なくとも1次巻線と2次巻線を備えたトランスと、
前記1次巻線に対して等価的に直列に構成される1次側共振インダクタと、
前記1次側共振インダクタとともに1次側共振回路を構成する1次側共振キャパシタと、
少なくとも2つのスイッチング素子を備え、入力直流電源電圧から台形波の交流電圧を生成して前記1次側共振回路へ与える1次側交流電圧発生回路と、
を備えた1次側回路と、
前記2次巻線に対して等価的に直列に構成される2次側共振インダクタと、
前記2次側共振インダクタとともに2次側共振回路を構成する2次側共振キャパシタと、
整流素子を有し、前記2次側共振回路から出力される交流電流を整流して直流電圧を得る2次側整流回路と、
を備えた2次側回路と、
前記1次巻線と前記2次巻線との間で相互誘導により等価的に相互インダクタンスが形成され、前記1次巻線と前記2次巻線との間で相互作用により等価的に相互キャパシタンスが形成され、少なくとも前記1次側回路および前記2次側回路のそれぞれに複数のLC共振回路を備えた複共振回路が構成され、
前記複共振回路により、
前記1次側共振回路と前記2次側共振回路とが共鳴して、前記相互インダクタンスおよび前記相互キャパシタンスに電流が流れる電磁界共鳴結合により前記1次側回路から前記2次側回路へ電力が伝送され、
前記1次巻線から送電されないエネルギーは共振現象により前記1次側共振回路に共振エネルギーとして保存され、
前記2次巻線が受電したエネルギーのうち、出力に供給されないエネルギーは共振現象により前記2次側共振回路に共振エネルギーとして保存され、
前記2次側共振回路は、前記整流素子が直列に構成される電流経路とは異なる電流経路を構成して、前記1次巻線から前記2次巻線へ電力を伝送する、
ことを特徴とするスイッチング電源装置。 - 前記1次側交流電圧発生回路は、スイッチング周波数をfsで表し、
前記2次側回路の出力に負荷が接続された状態で、前記1次側交流電圧発生回路に接続される前記複共振回路の入力からみた入力インピーダンスが極小となる共振周波数をfaで表すと、
fa≦fs
なる範囲で動作して、伝送電力を制御する、請求項1に記載のスイッチング電源装置。 - 前記2次側共振回路を備えることにより、出力に負荷が接続されない無負荷状態においても共振動作を維持して動作する所定の周波数fcを設定し、
fa≦fs≦fc
なる範囲で動作して、伝送電力を制御する、請求項2に記載のスイッチング電源装置。 - 前記2次側共振キャパシタは、前記2次巻線に対して並列に接続され、前記2次側整流回路は前記2次側共振キャパシタの電圧を整流する、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記2次側共振キャパシタは、前記2次巻線と直列に接続され、前記2次側整流回路は2次側共振キャパシタの電流を整流する、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記2次側共振キャパシタは、前記2次側整流回路を構成する整流素子に対して並列に接続されている、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記2次側整流回路はブリッジ整流回路である、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記2次側整流回路はセンタータップ整流回路である、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記2次側整流回路は倍電圧整流回路である、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記スイッチング素子は、両端電圧がゼロ電圧に低下した際にターンオンしてゼロ電圧スイッチング動作を行う、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記1次側共振インダクタまたは前記2次側共振インダクタは、前記1次巻線または2次巻線の漏れインダクタンスである、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記1次側共振キャパシタとともに前記1次巻線の浮遊容量は前記1次側共振回路を構成し、または前記2次側共振キャパシタとともに前記2次巻線の浮遊容量は前記2次側共振回路を構成する、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記2次側共振キャパシタに前記整流素子の接合容量を利用する、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記スイッチング素子に対して並列に接続されたダイオードを有する、請求項1~13のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記スイッチング素子はFETであり、前記並列に接続されたダイオードはFETの寄生ダイオードであり、FETの寄生容量を並列キャパシタとして用いる、請求項1~14のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記1次側共振回路の共振周波数と前記2次側共振回路の共振周波数とをほぼ等しくした、請求項1~15のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記1次側交流電圧発生回路は、4つのスイッチング素子がフルブリッジ接続された回路である、請求項1~16のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
- 前記2次側整流回路は、前記1次側交流電圧発生回路のスイッチング動作に同期して整流する同期整流回路である、請求項1~17のいずれかに記載のスイッチング電源装置。
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JP2013539622A JP5804073B2 (ja) | 2011-10-21 | 2012-10-12 | スイッチング電源装置 |
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GB2508775A (en) | 2014-06-11 |
CN103918170A (zh) | 2014-07-09 |
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