WO2012164973A1 - 非接触給電装置 - Google Patents
非接触給電装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012164973A1 WO2012164973A1 PCT/JP2012/052804 JP2012052804W WO2012164973A1 WO 2012164973 A1 WO2012164973 A1 WO 2012164973A1 JP 2012052804 W JP2012052804 W JP 2012052804W WO 2012164973 A1 WO2012164973 A1 WO 2012164973A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- unit
- power
- wireless communication
- vehicle
- Prior art date
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 114
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-contact power feeding device.
- a power transmission means a power reception means for receiving power from the power transmission means in a non-contact manner, an efficiency detection means for detecting a transmission efficiency between the power transmission means and the power reception means, and whether the detected transmission efficiency is a specified value or more.
- the determination means for determining whether or not the transmission efficiency is less than the specified value it is determined that normal power supply is hindered by an obstacle, etc., and the power transmission by the power transmission means is temporarily stopped.
- a power feeding system including a control unit that resumes power transmission using minute power after a specified time (Patent Document 1).
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a non-contact power feeding device that detects foreign matter mixed between a power feeding coil and a power receiving coil.
- the present invention relates to the relative relationship between the first coil and the second coil based on the output values of the plurality of sensors for detecting the positional deviation between the first coil and the second coil.
- the output value of the sensor changes, so that the first coil and the second coil Foreign matter between the coils can also be detected by using a sensor for detecting the relative position.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a non-contact charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a power transmission coil, a reception unit, a power reception coil, and a transmission unit included in the contactless charging system of FIG. 1. They are the top view a) which shows the state which the power transmission coil and power receiving coil which are contained in the non-contact electric power feeding system of FIG. 1 do not position-shift, and are facing, and perspective parts b) and c). They are the top view a) which shows the state which the power transmission coil and power receiving coil which are contained in the non-contact electric power feeding system of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state where a power transmission coil and a power reception coil are opposed to each other while being displaced, and a foreign object exists between the power transmission coil and the power reception coil, and a perspective portion b).
- C). It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure of the non-contact electric power feeder included in the non-contact charging system which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure of the remote communication control of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure of the position detection control of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a contactless charging system including a vehicle 200 including a contactless power feeding device and a power feeding device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- vehicle side unit of the non-contact electric power feeder of this example is mounted in an electric vehicle, vehicles, such as a hybrid vehicle, may be sufficient.
- the non-contact charging system of this example includes a vehicle 200 including a vehicle-side unit and a power supply device 100 that is a ground-side unit.
- a vehicle 200 including a vehicle-side unit and a power supply device 100 that is a ground-side unit.
- electric power is supplied in a non-contact manner and a battery 28 provided in the vehicle 200 is charged.
- the power supply apparatus 100 includes a power control unit 11, a power transmission coil 12, a reception unit 13, a wireless communication unit 14, and a control unit 15.
- the power feeding device 100 is provided in a parking space where the vehicle 200 is parked, and is a ground-side unit that supplies power by non-contact power feeding between coils when the vehicle 200 is parked at a predetermined parking position.
- the power control unit 11 is a circuit for converting AC power transmitted from the AC power source 300 to high-frequency AC power and transmitting the AC power to the power transmission coil 12.
- the rectification unit 111 and a PFC (Power Factor Correction) circuit 112 are provided. And an inverter 113 and a sensor 114.
- the rectifying unit 111 is a circuit that is electrically connected to the AC power supply 300 and rectifies output AC power from the AC power supply.
- the PFC circuit 112 is a circuit for improving the power factor by shaping the output waveform from the rectifying unit 111, and is connected between the rectifying unit 111 and the inverter 113.
- the inverter 113 is a power conversion circuit including a PWM control circuit having a switching element such as a smoothing capacitor or IGBT, and converts DC power into high-frequency AC power based on a switching control signal from the control unit 15.
- the power is supplied to the power transmission coil 12.
- the sensor 114 is connected between the PFC circuit 112 and the inverter 113 and detects current and voltage.
- the power transmission coil 12 is a coil for supplying electric power in a non-contact manner to the power reception coil 22 provided on the vehicle 200 side, and is provided in a parking space provided with the non-contact power supply device of this example.
- the power transmission coil 12 When the vehicle 200 is parked at a predetermined parking position, the power transmission coil 12 is located below the power reception coil 22 and is positioned at a distance from the power reception coil 22.
- the power transmission coil 12 is a circular coil parallel to the surface of the parking space.
- the receiving unit 13 is a sensor including a receiving antenna, and is provided in the power supply apparatus 100 on the ground side, and receives an electromagnetic wave transmitted from the transmitting unit 23 by measuring a magnetic field near the receiving antenna. To do.
- a magnetic field antenna or the like is used as the receiving antenna.
- the frequency of the electromagnetic wave transmitted / received between the receiver 13 and the transmitter 23 is set to be lower than the communication frequency between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24 described later. Further, the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is included in a frequency band used in a vehicle peripheral device such as an intelligent key, or a frequency close to the frequency band.
- a communication method suitable for a short distance is used as compared with communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24 described later.
- the wireless communication unit 14 communicates bidirectionally with the wireless communication unit 24 provided on the vehicle 200 side, and is provided in the power supply apparatus 100 on the ground side.
- the communication frequency between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24 includes a frequency higher than a frequency of a signal between the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23 or a frequency used in a vehicle peripheral device such as an intelligent key. Since it is set, even if communication is performed between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24, the vehicle peripheral device is less likely to receive interference due to the communication.
- various wireless LAN systems are used, and communication suitable for a long distance compared to communication between the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23. The method is used.
- the control unit 15 is a part that controls the entire power supply apparatus 100, and includes a distance measurement unit 151, a position detection unit 152, and a foreign object detection unit 153, and includes a power control unit 11, a power transmission coil 12, a reception unit 13, and a wireless communication unit 14. To control.
- the control unit 15 transmits a control signal for starting power supply from the power supply apparatus 100 to the vehicle 200 side or communication from the vehicle 200 side by communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24.
- 100 receives a control signal indicating that it wants to receive power from 100.
- the control unit 15 performs switching control of the inverter 113 based on the detection current of the sensor 114 and controls electric power transmitted from the power transmission coil 12.
- the vehicle 200 includes a power reception coil 22, a transmission unit 23, a wireless communication unit 24, a charge control unit 25, a rectification unit 26, a relay unit 27, a battery 28, an inverter 29, and a motor 30. Yes.
- the power receiving coil 22 is provided between the rear wheels on the bottom surface (chassis) of the vehicle 200. When the vehicle 200 is parked at a predetermined parking position, the power receiving coil 22 is located above the power transmission coil 12 and is positioned at a distance from the power transmission coil 12.
- the power receiving coil 22 is a circular coil parallel to the surface of the parking space.
- the transmission unit 23 is a sensor configured by a transmission antenna, is provided in the vehicle 200, and transmits electromagnetic waves to the reception unit 13.
- a magnetic field antenna or the like is used as the transmitting antenna.
- the wireless communication unit 24 communicates bidirectionally with the wireless communication unit 14 provided on the power supply apparatus 100 side and is provided in the vehicle 200.
- the rectifying unit 26 is connected to the power receiving coil 22 and is configured by a rectifying circuit that rectifies AC power received by the power receiving coil 22 into direct current.
- the relay unit 27 includes a relay switch that is turned on and off under the control of the control unit 25. Further, the relay unit 27 turns off the relay switch to disconnect the high-power system including the battery 28 from the low-power system of the power receiving coil 22 and the rectifying unit 26 that are the charging circuit unit.
- the battery 28 is configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries, and serves as a power source for the vehicle 200.
- the inverter 29 is a control circuit such as a PWM control circuit having a switching element such as an IGBT, and based on the switching control signal, the DC power output from the battery 28 is converted into AC power and supplied to the motor 30.
- the motor 30 is composed of, for example, a three-phase AC motor and serves as a drive source for driving the vehicle 200.
- the charging control unit 25 is a controller for controlling the charging of the battery 28, and controls the transmission unit 23, the wireless communication unit 24, and the charging control unit 25.
- the charging control unit 25 transmits a signal to start charging to the control unit 15 through communication between the wireless communication unit 24 and the wireless communication unit 14.
- the charging control unit 25 is connected to a controller (not shown) that controls the entire vehicle 200 via a CAN communication network.
- the controller manages the switching control of the inverter 28 and the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 22. When the controller reaches the full charge based on the SOC of the battery 22, the charge controller 15 transmits a signal to the controller 15 to terminate the charge.
- SOC state of charge
- high-frequency power is transmitted and received between the power transmission coil 12 and the power receiving coil 22 in a non-contact state by electromagnetic induction.
- electromagnetic induction when a voltage is applied to the power transmission coil 12, magnetic coupling occurs between the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22, and power is supplied from the power transmission coil 12 to the power reception coil 22.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the power transmission coil 12, the reception unit 13, the power reception coil 22, and the transmission unit 23, which are a part of the non-contact power feeding apparatus of this example.
- the receiving unit 13 includes four receiving antennas 13a to 13d, and the receiving antennas 13a to 13d are provided around the power transmission coil 12.
- the receiving antennas 13a to 13d are arranged so as to be targeted with respect to the center of the power transmission coil 12.
- the transmission unit 23 includes one transmission antenna, and the transmission antenna is provided at the center point of the power receiving coil 23.
- the positions of the power transmission coil 12 and the reception unit 13 do not change.
- the power reception coil 22 and the transmission unit 23 are provided in the vehicle 200, the positions of the power reception coil 22 and the transmission unit 23 are determined according to the parking position of the vehicle 200 with respect to a predetermined parking space. And it changes relatively with respect to the respective positions of the receiving unit 13.
- the vehicle 200 is placed in a predetermined parking space so that the center point of the power receiving coil 22 and the center point of the power transmitting coil 12 coincide with each other in the direction of each coil surface, in other words, the plane direction of the power receiving coil 22 and the power transmitting coil 12.
- the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23 are arranged so that the distances from the respective positions of the reception antennas 13a to 13d to the transmission unit 23 are equal when parked.
- the receiving antennas 13a to 13d receive signals transmitted from the antenna of the transmitting unit 23, respectively.
- the signal intensity received by each of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d. are equal.
- the center point of the power receiving coil 22 and the center point of the power transmitting coil 12 are shifted, the signal strengths received by the receiving antennas 13a to 13d are not equal. That is, this example detects the relative position of the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22 from the output values of a plurality of sensors configured by the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23, as described later. Detect misalignment.
- the control unit 15 performs a system check for diagnosing whether each system of the power supply apparatus 100 operates normally as initialization control.
- the charging control unit 25 performs a system check for diagnosing whether or not the charging system of the vehicle 200 operates normally as initialization control.
- the system check if a system abnormality has occurred in the vehicle 200, the user of the vehicle 200 is notified, and if a system abnormality has occurred in the charging apparatus 100, a notification is made to the center or the like that manages the charging apparatus 100. To do.
- the control unit 15 activates the wireless communication unit 14 so that the signal can be received.
- the system check on the power supply apparatus 100 side is periodically performed, for example, at a predetermined cycle, and the system check on the vehicle 200 side is performed, for example, when a main switch for driving the vehicle 200 is turned on.
- the control unit 15 and the charging control unit 25 control the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24, respectively, and perform the following remote communication control.
- the charging control unit 25 acquires information on the current value of the vehicle 200 from the GPS function provided in the vehicle 200, and determines whether or not the current location of the vehicle is within a preset charging point area. to decide.
- the charging point area is a range that is set according to each power supply apparatus 100, for example, a range that is displayed in a circle around the position of the power supply apparatus 100 on a map. .
- the fact that the vehicle 200 is in the charging point area indicates that charging is performed by the power supply apparatus 100 corresponding to the charging point area when the battery 28 is charged.
- the charging control unit 25 activates the wireless communication unit 24 to enable communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24.
- the charging control unit 25 transmits a signal for establishing a link from the wireless communication unit 24 to the wireless communication unit 14.
- the control unit 15 returns a signal indicating that the signal has been received from the wireless communication unit 14 to the wireless communication unit 24. Thereby, a link is established between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24.
- the charging control unit 25 transmits the ID of the vehicle 200 to the control unit 15 through communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24.
- the control unit 15 performs ID authentication by determining whether or not the ID transmitted from the vehicle 200 side matches the ID registered in the control unit 15 in advance.
- ID authentication In the non-contact power feeding system of this example, a vehicle 200 that can be powered in advance is registered in advance for each power feeding apparatus 100 by an ID. Therefore, the vehicle 200 that matches the registered ID can be powered by the above ID authentication.
- the charging control unit 25 transmits a signal from the wireless communication unit 24 to the wireless communication unit 14 at a predetermined cycle while the vehicle 200 approaches the power supply device 100 corresponding to the charging point area.
- the control unit 15 measures the distance between the vehicle 200 and the power feeding apparatus 100 using the distance measurement unit 151.
- the wireless communication unit 14 receives a signal periodically transmitted from the wireless communication unit 24.
- the distance measuring unit 151 measures the distance between the vehicle 200 and the power feeding apparatus 100 from the electric field strength of the received signal.
- the control unit 15 has a threshold value for indicating that the distance between the vehicle 200 and the power feeding device 100 is near and the distance between the coils in the plane direction of the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22 is close as the vehicle approach threshold value.
- the vehicle approach threshold is defined by the signal intensity.
- the control unit 15 compares the electric field strength of the received signal with the vehicle approach threshold, and determines whether or not the distance between the vehicle 200 and the power feeding device 100 is shorter than a predetermined distance. When the distance between the vehicle 200 and the power supply apparatus 100 becomes shorter than a predetermined distance, the control unit 15 activates the reception unit 13 and transmits a control signal from the wireless communication unit 14 to the wireless communication unit 24. The charge control unit 25 activates the transmission unit 23 when receiving the control signal.
- transmission / reception of signals is not always performed by the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23, and when the vehicle 200 approaches the power supply apparatus 100, the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23 are activated. I do.
- the control unit 15 and the charging control unit 25 perform the following position detection control after finishing the remote communication control.
- the charging control unit 25 transmits a signal from the transmission antenna of the transmission unit 23 to the reception antennas 13a to 13d of the reception unit 13.
- the control unit 15 measures the output values of the signals received by the receiving antennas 13a to 13d, and first determines whether or not the receiving antennas 13a to 13d and the transmitting antenna are normal.
- an upper limit value and a lower limit value are set in advance as abnormality determination threshold values for determining abnormality of the antenna.
- the control unit 15 determines that the receiving unit 13 and the transmitting unit 23 are operating normally. On the other hand, when the output values of the reception antennas 13a to 13d are higher than the upper limit value or lower than the lower limit value, the control unit 15 determines that at least one of the reception unit 13 or the transmission unit 23 is out of order. When it is determined that the receiving unit 13 or the transmitting unit 23 is out of order, the control unit 15 transmits a signal indicating abnormality to the charging control unit 25 via the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24. Then, the charging control unit 25 notifies the user of the abnormality of the receiving unit 13 or the transmitting unit 23. Alternatively, the control unit 15 notifies the center that manages the power supply control unit 100 of the abnormality of the reception unit 13 or the transmission unit 23.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view a) showing a state in which the power transmitting coil 12 and the power receiving coil 22 are not displaced and face each other, and perspective portions b) and c).
- FIG. 3 is a plan view a) showing a state in which the power transmitting coil 12 and the power receiving coil 22 are not displaced and face each other, and perspective portions b) and c).
- FIG. 4 is a plan view a) showing a state where the power transmitting coil 12 and the power receiving coil 22 are displaced and face each other, and perspective portions b) and c).
- FIG. 5 is a plan view a) showing a state in which the foreign object 40 is present on the power transmission coil 12 with respect to FIG. 4, and perspective portions b) and c).
- the X axis and the Y axis indicate the planar direction of the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22, and the Z axis indicates the height direction.
- the distance from the transmitting unit 23 to the receiving antennas 13 a and 13 d is received from the transmitting unit 23.
- the distance is shorter than the distance to the antennas 13b and 13c. Since the distance from the transmitting unit 23 to the receiving antennas 13a and 13d is shorter than the distance from the transmitting unit 23 to each of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d shown in FIG. 3, the output values of the receiving antennas 13a and 13d are It becomes larger than the output value (S), for example, S + 30.
- the output values of the receiving antennas 13b and 13c are It becomes smaller than the output value (S), for example, S-30.
- the position detection unit 152 compares the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d with the reference output value S, and calculates the difference between the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d, thereby transmitting power.
- the relative position of the power receiving coil 22 with respect to the coil 12 is detected.
- the control content of foreign object detection by the foreign object detection unit 153 will be described.
- FIG. 5 in the same coil positional relationship as in FIG. 4, when a foreign object 40 exists in the vicinity of the receiving antenna 13a, a signal transmitted from the transmitting unit 13 to the receiving antenna 13a is transmitted to the foreign object 40. Therefore, the output value of the receiving antenna 13a is smaller than the output value (S + 30) of the receiving antenna 13a in FIG. 4, for example, S ⁇ 600.
- the output values of the receiving antennas 13b to 13d are the same as the output values of the receiving antennas 13b to 13d in FIG. 4, and are, for example, S-30, S-30, and S + 30, respectively.
- the foreign object detection unit 153 takes the absolute value of the difference between the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d, compares the absolute value of the difference with a threshold value, and if the difference is larger than the threshold value, the foreign object is detected between the coils. Is determined to exist.
- the threshold value is a foreign object determination threshold value for determining whether or not a foreign object exists, and is a preset value. In this example, the foreign substance determination threshold is set to 60. In the examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, assuming that the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d are a to d, respectively, in the example shown in FIG. Is calculated as follows.
- the absolute value of each difference is calculated by the foreign object detection unit 153 as follows.
- the foreign object detection unit 153 compares the absolute value of each of the above differences with the foreign object determination threshold value, and the differences
- the control unit 15 indicates the relative position of the power reception coil 22 with respect to the power transmission coil 12 detected by the position detection unit 152 to the vehicle 200 side via communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24. Send. In addition, when the foreign object detection unit 153 detects a foreign object, the control unit 15 transmits the foreign object to the vehicle 200 side via communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24.
- the charging control unit 25 calculates the charging time from the information on the positional deviation of the coil received by the wireless communication unit 24.
- the power transmission efficiency of the power supplied from the power transmission coil 12 to the power reception coil 22 depends on the coupling coefficient between the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22, and the coupling coefficient is a relative positional relationship between the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22. Correlate with Therefore, if the relative position of the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22 is known with respect to the power transmitted from the power transmission coil 12, the charge control unit 25 can calculate the power received by the power reception coil 22. it can.
- the charging control unit 25 can calculate the charging time from the charging power corresponding to the received power based on the positional deviation of the coil and the SOC of the battery 28 managed by a controller (not shown). And when it is judged that a user may charge with the charge time calculated by the charge control part 25, based on a user's operation, the charge control part 25 gives the signal to start charge, The data is transmitted to the power supply apparatus 100 through communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24. The control unit 15 starts power feeding based on the signal. On the other hand, when the user determines that charging is not performed at the charging time calculated by the charging control unit 25, the user reparks to reduce the coil position deviation in order to shorten the charging time. When the battery 28 is fully charged, the charging control unit 25 transmits a control signal indicating that charging is completed from the wireless communication unit 24 to the wireless communication unit 14, and the control unit 15 stops power supply based on the control signal.
- the charge control unit 25 notifies the user of the presence of the foreign object via a controller (not shown). The user can start charging by removing the foreign matter based on the notification. Moreover, the control part 15 does not supply electric power, when a foreign material is detected.
- FIGS. 6 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the contactless power feeding system of this example
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the control procedure of the remote communication control of FIG. 6
- FIG. 8 shows the control procedure of the position detection control of FIG. It is a flowchart to show.
- step S1 the control unit 15 and the charging control unit 25 perform a system check as initialization control.
- step S2 the control unit 15 and the charging control unit 25 perform remote communication control.
- step S21 the charging control unit 25 acquires the current location of the vehicle 200 by the GPS function of a controller (not shown). In step S ⁇ b> 22, charging control unit 25 determines whether or not the acquired current location is within the charging point area of power supply apparatus 100. If the current location is not within the charging point area, the process returns to step S21. If the current location is within the charging point area, the charging control unit 25 activates the wireless communication unit 24 in step S23.
- step S24 the control unit 15 and the charging control unit 25 transmit / receive a signal for establishing a link between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 5, and determine whether the link has been established. If the link has not been established, the process returns to step S24, and signals are transmitted and received again between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 5. If the link is established, the charging control unit 25 transmits the ID of the vehicle 200 to the power supply apparatus 100 in step S25. The control unit 15 performs ID authentication by comparing the ID included in the signal received by the wireless communication unit 14 with the ID registered in the power supply apparatus 100.
- step S26 the charging control unit 25 transmits a signal from the wireless communication unit 24 at a predetermined cycle to indicate that the vehicle 200 is approaching the power supply apparatus 100. To do.
- the control unit 15 measures the distance between the vehicle 200 and the power feeding apparatus 100 by measuring the electric field strength of the reception signal received by the wireless communication unit 14 by the distance measurement unit 151.
- step S27 the control unit 15 determines whether or not the electric field strength of the received signal is greater than the vehicle approach threshold.
- step S26 When the electric field strength of the received signal is less than or equal to the vehicle approach threshold, it is determined that the vehicle 200 is not approaching the power feeding device 100 such that the receiving unit 13 and the transmitting unit 23 are activated to detect the coil position shift. Return to step S26. On the other hand, when the electric field strength of the received signal is larger than the vehicle approach threshold, it is determined that the vehicle 200 is approaching the power supply apparatus 100, the process proceeds to step S3, and the remote communication control in step S2 is terminated.
- step S31 the control unit 15 activates the reception unit 13 and sends a signal to start the position detection control from the wireless communication unit 14 to the wireless communication unit 24. Send to.
- step S32 the charging control unit 25 activates the transmission unit 23 based on the signal transmitted in step S31.
- step S33 the control unit 15 measures the output values of the reception signals transmitted from the transmission unit 23 and received by the reception antennas 13a to 13d of the reception unit 13.
- step S34 control unit 15 determines whether or not the output value of each received signal is larger than the lower limit value for abnormality determination and smaller than the upper limit value for abnormality determination.
- step S35 the control unit 15 calculates the difference between the output values received by the receiving antennas 13a to 13d. Calculate.
- step S ⁇ b> 36 the control unit 15 causes the foreign object detection unit 153 to determine whether or not the absolute value of the difference between the output values is equal to or less than the foreign object determination threshold value. If the absolute value of the difference between the respective output values is less than or equal to the foreign object determination threshold, the foreign object detector 153 determines that there is no foreign object between the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22 in step S37.
- step S38 the controller 15 causes the position detector 152 to detect the relative position of the power receiving coil 22 with respect to the power transmitting coil 12 from the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d measured in step S33.
- the positional deviation of the power receiving coil 22 with respect to the coil 12 is detected, the detection result is transmitted to the vehicle 200 side, the process proceeds to step S4, and the position detection control is terminated.
- step S36 if the absolute value of the difference between the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d is greater than the foreign object determination threshold, the foreign object detector 153 determines that there is a foreign object in step S361.
- control unit 15 transmits a signal indicating that a foreign object exists to vehicle 200 via wireless communication unit 14.
- the charging control unit 25 notifies the user that there is a foreign object based on the signal received by the wireless communication unit 24. If there is a foreign object, the control of this example is terminated without moving to the charge control in step S4.
- step S341 when the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d are smaller than the lower limit value or larger than the upper limit value, in step S341, the control unit 15 has an abnormality in the receiving unit 13 or the transmitting unit 23. It is determined that it has occurred.
- step S ⁇ b> 362 the control unit 15 transmits a signal indicating that an abnormality has occurred in the transmission unit 13 or the reception unit 23 to the vehicle 200 via the wireless communication unit 14.
- the charging control unit 25 notifies the user that an abnormality has occurred based on the signal received by the wireless communication unit 24. If an abnormality has occurred in the receiving unit 13 or the transmitting unit 23, the control of this example is terminated without moving to the charging control in step S4.
- step S ⁇ b> 4 the charging control unit 25 calculates the charging time using the information on the positional deviation of the coil detected by the position detecting unit 152 and the SOC of the battery 28, and notifies the user of the charging time. To do. Then, based on the user's operation, the charging control unit 25 transmits a signal indicating that charging is started to the power supply apparatus 100.
- the control unit 15 starts power feeding from the power transmission coil 12 to the power reception coil 22.
- the control unit 15 stops the reception unit 13 and the charging control unit 25 stops the transmission unit 23.
- the control part 15 will stop electric power feeding, and will complete
- this example includes the transmission unit 23 and the plurality of reception antennas 13a to 13d, and the position detection unit 152 uses the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22 based on the output values of the reception antennas 13a to 13d.
- the foreign object detection unit 153 compares the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d, and detects a foreign object between the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22 from the comparison result.
- this example detects the foreign material between coils using the transmission part 23 and the receiving antennas 13a-13 which are sensors for detecting the relative position of the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22. As a result, it is not necessary to provide a separate sensor for detecting foreign matter.
- the foreign matter can be excluded from between the coils by detecting the foreign matter and notifying the user or the like of the presence of the foreign matter, so that heat generation from the foreign matter due to non-contact power feeding can be prevented. Further, in this example, since the foreign object is detected using a plurality of sensors, the location of the foreign object can be specified.
- the foreign object detection unit 153 detects the foreign object based on the difference between the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d. As a result, by taking the difference between the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d, the amount of deviation of the output value due to the positional deviation of the coil is canceled, so that the foreign object detection accuracy can be improved.
- the position detection unit 152 may detect the relative position between the power transmission coil 12 and the power reception coil 22 using the output values of the remaining three reception antennas.
- the receiving unit 13 is configured with four antennas. However, the number is not necessarily four, and may be configured with a plurality of antennas.
- the receiving unit 13 is not necessarily provided on the ground side and may be provided on the vehicle 200 side, and the transmitting unit 23 is not necessarily provided on the vehicle 200 side and may be provided on the ground side.
- a plurality of sensors are configured by the transmission antenna of the transmission unit 23 and the reception antennas 13a to 13d of the reception unit 13.
- the plurality of sensors are not necessarily paired by the transmission unit 23 and the reception unit 13. It is not necessary to use a sensor provided only on the ground side or the vehicle 200 side.
- a plurality of infrared sensors for transmitting toward the vehicle may be provided on the ground side, and foreign matter detection and coil position detection may be performed in the same manner as described above from the intensity of reflected infrared rays.
- the foreign object detection unit 153 detects the foreign object from the difference between the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d. However, the foreign object detection unit 153 multiplies and adds the output values of the receiving antennas 13a to 13d. Alternatively, the foreign matter may be detected by dividing and comparing the calculation results.
- the foreign object detection unit 153 may detect the foreign object when power is being supplied from the power transmission coil 12 to the power reception coil 22.
- the control unit 15 stops power transmission from the power transmission coil 12 and wireless communication indicates that the foreign object has been mixed into the vehicle 200 side. Notice.
- the distance measurement based on the communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24 has a larger measurement unit than the coil misalignment detection based on the communication between the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23. Therefore, the communication cycle between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24 during distance measurement may be longer than the communication cycle between the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23.
- the communication between the reception unit 13 and the transmission unit 23 is the amount of data to be transmitted because the two-way communication of the control signal is not performed as in the communication between the wireless communication unit 14 and the wireless communication unit 24.
- the number may be small, in order to increase the accuracy of positional deviation between the coils, it is preferable to perform parity at the time of system check.
- the position detection unit 152 may detect the position of the coil while supplying power from the power transmission coil 12 to the power reception coil 22. For example, after supplying power, the control unit 15 stops power supply after a lapse of a predetermined period, detects the position of the coil by the position detection unit 152 during the stop, and restarts power supply after detection. Control is sufficient. Thereby, this example can confirm whether the position shift of a coil has arisen during electric power supply.
- the distance between the vehicle 200 and the power feeding apparatus 100 is measured from the electric field strength of the received signal of the wireless communication unit 14, but the distance may be measured based on the time difference of the received signal.
- a sensor for directly measuring the distance between the vehicle 200 and the power supply apparatus 100 may be provided as a communication means for remote communication for measuring the distance.
- One coil of the power transmission coil 12 or the power receiving coil 22 corresponds to the first coil according to the present invention, the other coil corresponds to the second coil according to the present invention, and the receiving antenna 13a of the transmitter 23 and the receiver 13 is provided. 13d correspond to a plurality of sensors according to the present invention, the position detector 152 corresponds to the position detector according to the present invention, and the foreign object detector 153 corresponds to the foreign object detector according to the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る非接触給電装置を含む車両200及び給電装置100を備えた非接触充電システムのブロック図である。なお、本例の非接触給電装置の車両側のユニットは電気自動車に搭載されるが、ハイブリッド車両等の車両でもよい。
図4及び図5に示す例において、受信用アンテナ13a~13dの出力値を、それぞれa~dとすると、図4に示す例では、異物検出部153により、それぞれの差分の絶対値は以下のように演算される。
一方、図5に示す例では、異物検出部153により、それぞれの差分の絶対値は以下のように演算される。
制御部15は、位置検出部152により検出された、送電コイル12に対する受電コイル22の相対的な位置を、無線通信部14と無線通信部24との間の通信を介して、車両200側に送信する。また、制御部15は、異物検出部153により異物を検出した場合には、無線通信部14と無線通信部24との間の通信を介して、車両200側に送信する。
Claims (3)
- 少なくとも磁気的結合によって第1のコイルとの間で、非接触で電力を送電又は受電する第2のコイルと、
前記第1のコイルと前記第2のコイルとの間の位置ずれを検出するための複数のセンサと、
前記複数のセンサのそれぞれの出力値に基づいて、前記第1のコイルと前記第2のコイルとの相対的な位置を検出する位置検出手段と、
前記複数のセンサのそれぞれの出力値を比較し、比較結果から前記第1のコイルと前記第2のコイルとの間の異物を検出する異物検出手段とを備える非接触給電装置。 - 前記異物検出手段は、前記複数のセンサのそれぞれの出力値の差分に基づいて、前記異物を検出する請求項1記載の非接触給電装置。
- 前記複数のセンサは、少なくとも4個のセンサにより構成され、
前記位置検出手段は、前記4個のセンサのうち、少なくとも3個のセンサのそれぞれの出力値に基づいて、前記第1のコイルと前記第2のコイルとの相対的な位置を検出する請求項1又は2記載の非接触給電装置。
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US14/119,561 US9656559B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-02-08 | Non-contact power supply device |
EP12792723.4A EP2717430B1 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-02-08 | Non-contact power supply device |
KR1020137034099A KR101574000B1 (ko) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-02-08 | 비접촉 급전 장치 |
MX2013013890A MX2013013890A (es) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-02-08 | Dispositivo de suministro de energia sin contacto. |
CN201280025645.XA CN103563215B (zh) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-02-08 | 非接触供电装置 |
RU2013158189/07A RU2598896C2 (ru) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-02-08 | Устройство бесконтактной подачи электрической мощности |
BR112013029933-9A BR112013029933B1 (pt) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-02-08 | dispositivo fonte de alimentação sem contato |
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JP2011118665A JP5793963B2 (ja) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | 非接触給電装置 |
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CN (1) | CN103563215B (ja) |
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- 2012-02-08 WO PCT/JP2012/052804 patent/WO2012164973A1/ja active Application Filing
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EP3025411A4 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2017-03-22 | Schneider Electric USA, Inc. | Method and device for foreign object detection in induction electric charger |
GB2520990A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | Inductive power transfer for transferring electric energy to a vehicle |
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GB2522852A (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-12 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | A method of communication between a vehicle and a wayside control unit for controlling an inductive energy transfer to the vehicle, a vehicle, a wayside contr |
US10173541B2 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2019-01-08 | Bombardier Primove Gmbh | Method of communication between a vehicle and a wayside control unit for controlling an inductive energy transfer to the vehicle, a vehicle, a wayside control unit and an arrangement of a vehicle and a wayside control unit |
WO2015129143A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-09-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Foreign substance detecting device, wireless power transmission device, and wireless power transmission system |
JP2020188649A (ja) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 走行中給電システム |
JP7081566B2 (ja) | 2019-05-17 | 2022-06-07 | 株式会社デンソー | 走行中給電システム |
WO2022209832A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-06 | 株式会社デンソー | 非接触給電システムの異常検知装置及び異常検知方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20140145514A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
KR101574000B1 (ko) | 2015-12-02 |
BR112013029933B1 (pt) | 2021-02-23 |
EP2717430A4 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
CN103563215A (zh) | 2014-02-05 |
JP2012249403A (ja) | 2012-12-13 |
EP2717430A1 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
RU2598896C2 (ru) | 2016-10-10 |
US9656559B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 |
MX2013013890A (es) | 2014-01-24 |
BR112013029933A2 (pt) | 2017-12-05 |
KR20140025527A (ko) | 2014-03-04 |
JP5793963B2 (ja) | 2015-10-14 |
RU2013158189A (ru) | 2015-07-10 |
CN103563215B (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
MY165543A (en) | 2018-04-03 |
EP2717430B1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
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