WO2012139418A1 - 一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机 - Google Patents

一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012139418A1
WO2012139418A1 PCT/CN2012/000441 CN2012000441W WO2012139418A1 WO 2012139418 A1 WO2012139418 A1 WO 2012139418A1 CN 2012000441 W CN2012000441 W CN 2012000441W WO 2012139418 A1 WO2012139418 A1 WO 2012139418A1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic pole
stator
rotor yoke
magnetic
rotor
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PCT/CN2012/000441
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林德芳
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上海特波电机有限公司
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Publication of WO2012139418A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012139418A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • H02K1/2781—Magnets shaped to vary the mechanical air gap between the magnets and the stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to motor technology, and more particularly to a high torque density permanent magnet synchronous motor technology. Background technique
  • the rotor of the conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor is composed of a coaxially fixed rotating shaft 21, a rotor yoke 22, and a plurality of permanent magnetic poles 23 axially symmetrically fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke 22.
  • the rotor yoke 22 of the existing permanent magnet synchronous motor has a circular cross section in the radial direction.
  • the outer peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnet magnetic poles 23 in the existing permanent magnet synchronous motor are designed as arc surfaces of different axes of the arc center axis.
  • the air gap between each permanent magnet pole 23 and the stator is gradually increased from the middle toward both sides, so that a non-uniform symmetric radial air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor, and this design can improve the air gap magnetic field. Waveforms, reduced torque ripple and noise, but this design also reduces the area of the air gap magnetic field waveform. Since the torque density is proportional to the air gap flux density between the stator and rotor, it will cause a decrease in output and torque density.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high torque density permanent magnet synchronous motor having low torque fluctuation and high torque density and output.
  • the present invention provides a high torque density permanent magnet synchronous motor including a stator and a rotor, the rotor being coaxially sleeved in the stator and having an air gap with the stator;
  • the stator yoke and the stator winding are arranged, the stator yoke is annular, and the inner ring is axially symmetrically provided with a plurality of stator grooves, and the stator winding is embedded in each stator groove;
  • the rotor includes a rotating shaft and a rotor a yoke and a plurality of permanent magnet poles, wherein the rotor yoke is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft, and each of the permanent magnet poles is axially symmetrically fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke, wherein the permanent magnetic pole has a radial cross section of two
  • the tip-shaped olive type has an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface which are curved surfaces;
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke is axially symmetrically provided with a plurality of discontinuous magnetic pole fixing grooves, and the number of the magnetic pole fixing grooves is equal to the number of permanent magnet magnetic poles;
  • Each of the permanent magnet magnetic poles is respectively fixed in each magnetic pole fixing groove of the outer circumferential surface of the rotor yoke, and the inner circumferential surface of each permanent magnetic pole is attached to the groove bottom and the groove wall of the magnetic pole fixing groove, and each permanent magnet magnetic pole Both sides Both of them are flush with the notches of the magnetic pole fixing groove, and the outer peripheral faces of the permanent magnet magnetic poles are located on the same circumferential surface as the outer circumferential surface of the rotor yoke.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke is axially symmetrically provided with a plurality of magnetic shielding grooves, the number of the magnetic isolation grooves is the same as the number of permanent magnetic poles, and between each two adjacent magnetic pole fixing grooves There is a magnetic isolation groove, and the spacing between the notch edge of each magnetic isolation groove and the notch edge of the adjacent two magnetic pole fixing grooves is greater than zero.
  • the radial air gap between the stator and the rotor is uniform, and the waveform of the air gap magnetic field is not reduced.
  • the radial cross section of the permanent magnetic pole is an olive type with a thick end at both ends, which can improve the waveform of the air gap magnetic field, effectively reduce the torque fluctuation, and improve the output and torque density.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotor in a high torque density permanent magnet synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotor of a conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • a high torque density permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a stator and a rotor, and the rotor is coaxially sleeved in the stator and has an air gap with the stator;
  • the stator (not shown) includes a stator yoke and a stator winding, the stator yoke is annular, and the inner ring is axially symmetrically provided with a plurality of stator grooves, and the stator windings are embedded in the stator grooves.
  • the rotor includes a rotating shaft 1, a rotor yoke 2 and a plurality of permanent magnetic poles 3, the rotor yoke 2 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 1, and each of the permanent magnetic poles 3 is axially symmetrically fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke 2, and is characterized.
  • the radial cross section of the permanent magnet pole 3 is an olive type with a thick end at both ends, and the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface are curved surfaces;
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke 2 is axially symmetrically provided with a plurality of discontinuous magnetic pole fixing grooves, and the number of the magnetic pole fixing grooves is identical to the number of the permanent magnetic poles 3;
  • Each of the permanent magnet poles 3 is fixed in each of the magnetic pole fixing grooves of the outer circumferential surface of the rotor yoke 2, and each permanent magnet
  • the inner peripheral surface of the magnetic pole 3 is in contact with the groove bottom and the groove wall of the magnetic pole fixing groove, and the two side edges of each permanent magnetic pole 3 are flush with the notch of the magnetic pole fixing groove, and each permanent magnetic pole 3
  • the outer circumferential surface is located on the same circumferential surface as the outer circumferential surface of the rotor yoke 2.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the rotor yoke 2 is axially symmetrically provided with a plurality of magnetic isolation grooves 4, and the number of the magnetic isolation grooves 4 is the same as the number of permanent magnetic poles 3, and each two adjacent There is a magnetic isolation groove 4 between the magnetic pole fixing grooves, and the distance between the notch edge of each magnetic isolation groove 4 and the notch edge of the adjacent two magnetic pole fixing grooves is greater than zero.
  • each permanent magnet pole and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke are on the same circumferential surface, a uniform radial air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor, and the curvature of the inner peripheral surface of each permanent magnetic pole 3 is adjusted. , can adjust and change the waveform of the air gap magnetic field, so that the torque fluctuation can be effectively reduced under the uniform air gap, and the output force and the torque density are improved; further, the portion between the magnetic isolation groove 4 and the adjacent magnetic pole fixed groove
  • the rotor yoke forms the magnetic separation magnetic car 5, which can effectively reduce the magnetic flux leakage, increase the air gap magnetic flux density, and ensure the magnetic circuit height saturation, thereby further increasing the torque density.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Description

一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机
技术领域
本发明涉及电机技术， 特别是涉及一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机的技术。 背景技术
如图 2所示， 现有永磁同步电机的转子都由同轴固接的转轴 21、 转子轭 22， 及轴对称固定于转子轭 22外周面的多个永磁磁极 23组成。现有永磁同步电机的 转子轭 22径向截面都呈圆形， 为了降低力矩波动， 现有永磁同步电机中的各永 磁磁极 23外周面都设计成弧心轴线不同轴的弧面，使得每个永磁磁极 23与定子 之间的气隙都是从中间起朝向两边逐渐变大的，从而使定转子间形成不均勾对称 径向气隙， 这种设计能改善气隙磁场波形、 降低转矩波动和噪音， 但是这种设计 也会使气隙磁场波形面积减小， 由于转矩密度与定转子间气隙磁通密度成正比， 因此会引起出力和转矩密度降低。 发明内容
针对上述现有技术中存在的缺陷， 本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种转 矩波动低， 且转矩密度及出力高的高转矩密度永磁同步电机。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明所提供的一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机， 包 括定子和转子， 所述转子同轴套设于定子内， 且与定子之间具有气隙； 所述定子 包括定子磁轭和定子绕组，所述定子磁轭呈环状，其内圈轴对称设有多个定子凹 槽， 所述定子绕组嵌设于各定子凹槽内； 所述转子包括转轴、 转子轭及多个永磁 磁极， 所述转子轭与转轴同轴固接， 各永磁磁极轴对称固定于转子轭的外周面， 其特征在于：所述永磁磁极的径向截面呈中间厚两端尖的橄榄型，其外周面及内 周面均为弧面；
所述转子轭的外周面轴对称设有不连续的多个磁极固定凹槽， 且所述磁极固 定凹槽的数量与永磁磁极的数量一致；
各永磁磁极分别固定在转子轭外周面的各磁极固定凹槽内， 且每个永磁磁极 的内周面均与其所在磁极固定凹槽的槽底及槽壁贴合，每个永磁磁极的两侧边沿 均与其所在磁极固定凹槽的槽口齐平，各永磁磁极外周面与转子轭的外周面位于 同一圆周面上。
进一步的， 所述转子轭的外周面轴对称设有多个隔磁凹槽， 所述隔磁凹槽的 数量与永磁磁极的数量一致， 每两个相邻的磁极固定凹槽之间均有一个隔磁凹 槽，且每个隔磁凹槽的槽口边沿与相邻两个磁极固定凹槽的槽口边沿之间的间距 均大于 0。
本发明提供的高转矩密度永磁同步电机， 由于各永磁磁极的外周面位于同一 圆周面上， 因此定子与转子之间的径向气隙均匀， 不会减小气隙磁场波形面积， 而且永磁磁极的径向截面呈中间厚两端尖的橄榄型， 能有改善气隙磁场波形，有 效降低力矩波动， 提高出力和转矩密度。 附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例的高转矩密度永磁同步电机中的转子的结构示意图； 图 2是现有永磁同步电机的转子的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图说明对本发明的实施例作进一步详细描述， 但本实施例并不用 于限制本发明，凡是采用本发明的相似结构及其相似变化，均应列入本发明的保 护范围。
如图 1所示， 本发明实施例所提供的一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机， 包括定 子和转子， 所述转子同轴套设于定子内， 且与定子之间具有气隙； 所述定子（图 中未示)包括定子磁轭和定子绕组， 所述定子磁轭呈环状， 其内圈轴对称设有多 个定子凹槽， 所述定子绕组嵌设于各定子凹槽内； 所述转子包括转轴 1、 转子轭 2及多个永磁磁极 3， 所述转子轭 2与转轴 1同轴固接， 各永磁磁极 3轴对称固 定于转子轭 2的外周面，其特征在于: 所述永磁磁极 3的径向截面呈中间厚两端 尖的橄榄型， 其外周面及内周面均为弧面；
所述转子轭 2的外周面轴对称设有不连续的多个磁极固定凹槽， 且所述磁极 固定凹槽的数量与永磁磁极 3的数量一致；
各永磁磁极 3分别固定在转子轭 2外周面的各磁极固定凹槽内， 且每个永磁 磁极 3 的内周面均与其所在磁极固定凹槽的槽底及槽壁贴合， 每个永磁磁极 3 的两侧边沿均与其所在磁极固定凹槽的槽口齐平，各永磁磁极 3外周面与转子轭 2的外周面位于同一圆周面上。
本发明实施例中， 所述转子轭 2的外周面轴对称设有多个隔磁凹槽 4， 所述 隔磁凹槽 4的数量与永磁磁极 3的数量一致，每两个相邻的磁极固定凹槽之间均 有一个隔磁凹槽 4， 且每个隔磁凹槽 4的槽口边沿与相邻两个磁极固定凹槽的槽 口边沿之间的间距均大于 0。
本发明实施例由于各永磁磁极外周面与转子轭的外周面位于同一圆周面上， 从而使定子与转子之间形成均匀的径向气隙，通过调整各永磁磁极 3内周面的弧 度， 能调节、 改華气隙磁场波形， 使得在均匀气隙下也能有效降低力矩波动， 提 高出力和转矩密度； 此外，位于隔磁凹槽 4与相邻磁极固定凹槽之间的部分转子 轭形成隔磁磁轿 5， 能有效减少漏磁， 提高气隙磁通密度， 保证磁路高度饱和， 从而进一步提高转矩密度。

Claims

权利要求： ―
1、一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机， 包括定子和转子， 所述转子同轴套设于定 子内， 且与定子之间具有气隙； 所述定子包括定子磁轭和定子绕组， 所述定子磁 轭呈环状，其内圈轴对称设有多个定子凹槽，所述定子绕组嵌设于各定子凹槽内； 所述转子包括转轴、 转子轭及多个永磁磁极， 所述转子轭与转轴同轴固接， 各永 磁磁极轴对称固定于转子轭的外周面， 其特征在于：所述永磁磁极的径向截面呈 中间厚两端尖的橄榄型， 其外周面及内周面均为弧面；
所述转子轭的外周面轴对称设有不连续的多个磁极固定凹槽， 且所述磁极固 定凹槽的数量与永磁磁极的数量一致；
各永 ¾磁极分别固定在转子轭外周面的各磁极固定凹槽内， 且每个永磁磁极 的内周面均与其所在磁极固定凹槽的槽底及槽壁贴合，每个永磁磁极的两侧边沿 均与其所在磁极固定凹槽的槽口齐平，各永磁磁极外周面与转子轭的外周面位于 同一圆周面上。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的高转矩密度永磁同步电机， 其特征在于： 所述转子 轭的外周面轴对称设有多个隔磁凹槽，所述隔磁凹槽的数量与永磁磁极的数量一 致， 每两个相邻的磁极固定凹槽之间均有一个隔磁凹槽，且每个隔磁凹槽的槽口 边沿与相邻两个磁极固定凹槽的槽口边沿之间的间距均大于 0。
PCT/CN2012/000441 2011-04-13 2012-04-05 一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机 WO2012139418A1 (zh)

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CN102158032A (zh) * 2011-04-13 2011-08-17 上海特波电机有限公司 一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机
CN104753213B (zh) * 2013-12-25 2018-02-09 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 永磁直流无刷电机
CN107394929A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2017-11-24 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 转子总成及电机

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JPH11285184A (ja) * 1998-03-27 1999-10-15 Fujitsu General Ltd 永久磁石電動機
CN1405948A (zh) * 2001-08-10 2003-03-26 雅马哈发动机株式会社 电动机转子
JP2003079083A (ja) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-14 Hitachi Ltd 永久磁石式回転電機及び圧縮機
CN102158032A (zh) * 2011-04-13 2011-08-17 上海特波电机有限公司 一种高转矩密度永磁同步电机
CN202004610U (zh) * 2011-04-13 2011-10-05 上海特波电机有限公司 高转矩密度永磁同步电机

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