WO2012129995A1 - ***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法 - Google Patents

***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012129995A1
WO2012129995A1 PCT/CN2012/071233 CN2012071233W WO2012129995A1 WO 2012129995 A1 WO2012129995 A1 WO 2012129995A1 CN 2012071233 W CN2012071233 W CN 2012071233W WO 2012129995 A1 WO2012129995 A1 WO 2012129995A1
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cylinder
welding
angle
large inclined
weld
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PCT/CN2012/071233
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
傅育文
张伯弟
王继宁
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上海锅炉厂有限公司
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Publication of WO2012129995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012129995A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/028Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
    • B23K9/0282Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding tube sections
    • B23K9/0284Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding tube sections with an electrode working inside the tube
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/003Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a deformation control method for inserting a large inclined pipe and a chemical cylinder, and belongs to the technical field of welding. Background technique
  • the welded joint structure of the plug-in large inclined tube 11 and the gas return chamber cylinder 12 is as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the thickness of the joint weld is large, and the welding work is extremely large.
  • the upper pot patent "insertion joint and barrel non-orthogonal intersecting joint welding method" (patent number: CN200610024861.9), using saddle-shaped submerged arc automatic welding, flat welding
  • the method of positional and segmental welding welds the large inclined pipe and the gas returning chamber cylinder, which greatly improves the welding production efficiency, shortens the manufacturing cycle, and the welding quality is effectively guaranteed, thereby avoiding the difficulty of repairing such joint welds. , got a good result.
  • the inserted large inclined pipe and the gas returning chamber cylinder welded joint have large welding time and long welding period, and the product structure has high requirements on the dimensional accuracy between the two. Therefore, how to control the welded joint of the same type Deformation is a very big problem. For such large joints, once the welding deformation exceeds the standard requirements, it will be difficult to correct them by an effective method, and the results will be catastrophic.
  • the upper pot patent "insertion joint and barrel non-orthogonal intersecting joint welding method” the method of preventing the welding deformation by uniformly arranging the rigid fixed ribs in the circumferential direction of the outer root of the welded joint has achieved certain effects, but this is adopted. The effect achieved by the method is uncertain.
  • the invention utilizes a measuring device to monitor the deformation amount of the joint in real time, and combines with the rigid fixing method to take measures to adjust the welding deformation amount according to the measured data. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the welding deformation of a plug-in large inclined pipe and a large chemical cylinder joint, and using a full-station electronic speed measuring instrument to insert during the welding process of the inserted large inclined pipe and the chemical cylinder.
  • the deformation amount of the joint of the large inclined pipe and the chemical cylinder is measured, and the welding sequence and the process are adjusted according to the measurement data in time to control the welding deformation of the joint to meet the product size requirement.
  • the present invention provides a welding of a plug-in large inclined pipe and a cylinder joint.
  • a deformation control method comprising the following specific steps:
  • Step 1 Using a gas cutting method to open a hole in the crotch of the cylinder;
  • Step 2 Assembling the inserted large inclined pipe and the cylinder, and uniformly arranging the anti-deformation rigid fixed ribs in the outer circumference of the joint and welding them;
  • Step 3 Measure the joint size of the cylinder and the large inclined tube by using a full-station electronic speedometer by placing the measuring points on the cylindrical body and the inserted large inclined tube, and put the ⁇ -angle anti-deformation margin, the ⁇ The angle is the angle between the axial centerline of the cylinder and the axial centerline of the large inclined pipe;
  • Step 4 Using a saddle welder to weld the inserted large inclined pipe and the lower weld of the cylinder until the welding is two;
  • Step 5 Weld the inserted large inclined pipe and the middle and lower welds of the cylinder.
  • the angle ⁇ is measured by a full-station electronic speed measuring instrument.
  • is the angle between the axial centerline of the large inclined pipe and the center line of the joint of the cylinder.
  • the control angle ⁇ is maintained at 180. ;
  • Step 6 Move the welding platform up and weld the middle and upper welds of the inserted large inclined pipe and the cylinder; measure the angle with a full-station electronic speedometer through the measuring points arranged on the cylinder and the inserted large inclined pipe ⁇ , during the welding process, the control angle ⁇ is maintained at 180°;
  • Step 7 Move the welding platform up and weld the upper weld.
  • the angle ⁇ of the angle between the large inclined pipe and the cylinder becomes smaller.
  • the trend of the direction change the deformation margin is pre-released during assembly.
  • the ⁇ -angle inverse deformation margin is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 0.5 °.
  • step 4 and step 5 the step of controlling the angle ⁇ to be maintained at 180° is specifically as follows: if the angle ⁇ is offset in the positive direction, the method for controlling the welding deformation of the plug-in large inclined tube and the barrel joint is as follows: If it is moved, the welding will be stopped in the same direction. Only the weld with the opposite direction of the offset will be welded. After the measurement, the offset angle will return to the tolerance allowable range. If the angle ⁇ is reversed, the angle is reversed. on the contrary.
  • the technical scheme of the invention utilizes a full-station type electronic speed measuring instrument, combined with a rigid fixed method, in the saddle-shaped submerged arc automatic welding process of the inserted large inclined tube and the cylinder body, the deformation amount of the joint is performed. Measure and adjust the welding sequence and process according to the measurement data in time, control the welding deformation of the joint, the product qualification rate is high, the welding quality is effectively guaranteed, can meet the product size requirements, the method is simple, and the welding of such large plug-in joints is controlled. The deformation has a very good effect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a conventional plug-in large inclined tube and a barrel welded structure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the welding deformation control of the inserted large inclined pipe and the cylinder according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the A direction of Figure 2 of the present invention. Specific form
  • IGCC gas return chamber plug-in nozzle 21 Dimensions: Inner diameter 1620mm, wall thickness 280mm; Cylinder 22 size: Inner diameter 4400mm, wall thickness 230mm.
  • the welded joint between the insert type inclined tube 21 and the barrel 22 is controlled by the method described in the patent CN200610024861.9, and the joint deformation is controlled during the welding process.
  • the main steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 Open the hole in the cylinder 22 by gas cutting.
  • Step 2 As shown in Fig. 2, the inserted large inclined tube 21 and the barrel 22 are assembled, and the anti-deformation rigid fixing rib 23 is evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the joint and welded.
  • Step 3 By measuring the measuring points 27 arranged on the cylinder 22 and the plug-in large inclined tube 21, the joint size is measured by the full-station type electronic speed measuring device 26, and the ⁇ -angle inverse deformation margin is 0.08°, that is, the actual ⁇
  • the angle ⁇ is 45.08 °, which is the angle between the axial centerline of the cylinder and the axial centerline of the large inclined pipe.
  • Step 4 Using a saddle-shaped welder 24 (the welder is hoisted into the inside of the cylinder by a crane, and fixed to the inner wall of the large inclined pipe by a supporting steel pipe), and the weld-inserted large inclined pipe 21 and the lower portion of the cylinder 22 are welded. Until the weld is full, move the welder and platform 25 up.
  • Step 5 Weld the insert-type large inclined tube 21 and the middle-lower weld of the cylinder 22.
  • the angle ⁇ between the large inclined tube and the cylindrical body shown in the ⁇ diagram of Fig. 3 is measured by the total station type electronic speedometer 26 by the measuring points 27 laid on the cylindrical body 22 and the plug-in large inclined tube 21.
  • the angle ⁇ is the angle between the axial centerline of the large inclined pipe and the center line at the joint of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 3. More than five measuring points are arranged on the cylinder 22 and the large inclined tube 21, wherein three measuring points are uniformly distributed on the same circumferential plane, and the measuring points are distributed in the cylinder The rest of the body.
  • the function of the measuring point layout is to simulate the shape of the cylinder and the large inclined tube by the total station calculation through the point data, so as to find the angle ⁇ between the cylinder and the large inclined tube. Analyze the angle direction and take corresponding measures to control the angle ⁇ to maintain 180°: If the angle ⁇ is offset in the positive direction, stop the welding in the same direction as the middle and lower welds, only weld the middle and lower parts opposite to the offset direction. After the weld is welded, the offset angle returns to within ⁇ 0.1 ° of the tolerance; if ⁇ is offset in the opposite direction, the opposite is true.
  • Step 6 Move the welding platform 25 up and weld the insert-type large inclined pipe 21 and the upper middle weld of the cylinder 22.
  • the angle ⁇ between the large inclined tube 21 and the barrel 22 is measured by a total station type electronic speed measuring device 26 by a measuring point 27 disposed on the barrel 22 and the plug-in large inclined tube 21, as shown in Fig. 3. Analyze the angular direction and take measures to control the angle ⁇ to maintain 180°. The measures are the same as described in step 5.
  • Step 7 Move the welding platform 25 up and weld to complete the upper weld.
  • the welding work of the inserted large inclined pipe and the large-sized chemical cylinder body was successfully completed, and the ultrasonic flaw detection after welding was once qualified.
  • the joint size is measured by a full-station electronic speedometer with an ⁇ -angle offset of 0.02° and a ⁇ -angle offset of 0.04°, which fully meets the dimensional requirements of the drawing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Description

***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种***式大斜管与化工筒体焊接的变形控制方法, 属于焊 接技术领域。 背景技术
目前,在整体煤气化联合循环发电***(Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, 简称 IGCC) 中, ***式大斜管 11与气体返向室筒体 12的焊接接头 结构如图 1所示。 该接头焊缝厚度大, 焊接工作量极其巨大, 上锅专利" 插 入式接管与筒体非直角相交接头焊接方法" (专利号: CN200610024861.9) 中, 采用马鞍形埋弧自动焊、 平焊位置、 分段焊接的方法焊接大斜管与气体 返向室筒体, 大大提高了焊接生产效率, 缩短了制造周期, 且焊接质量得到 了有效保证, 避免了此类接头焊缝难以返修的难题, 取得了良好的效果。
***式大斜管与气体返向室筒体焊接接头由于焊缝体积大,焊接周期长, 且产品结构对两者之间的尺寸精度有较高的要求, 因此, 如何控制该类焊接 接头的变形是一个非常大的难题。 而对此类大型接头, 一旦焊接变形量超过 标准要求, 将很难采用有效的方法加以校正, 结果将是灾难性的。 上锅专利 " ***式接管与筒体非直角相交接头焊接方法"中,采用在焊缝根部筒体外 恻周向均匀布置刚性固定筋板的方式防止焊接变形, 取得了一定的效果, 但 采用此方法所取得的效果具有不确定性。 本发明利用一种测量设备实时对接 头的变形量进行监控, 与刚性固定法结合使用, 根据测量数据及时采取措施 调整焊接变形量。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种控制***式大斜管与大型化工筒体接头焊接变 形的方法,利用全站型电子速测仪,在***式大斜管与化工筒体焊接过程中, 对***式大斜管与化工筒体的接头的变形量进行测量, 并根据测量数据及时 通过调整焊接顺序及工艺, 来控制接头的焊接变形, 满足产品尺寸要求。
为了达到上述目的, 本发明提供了一种***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接 变形控制方法, 该方法包含以下具体步骤:
步骤 1 : 采用气割的方法在筒体恻部开孔;
步骤 2: 装配***式大斜管与筒体, 在接头外恻周向均匀布置防变形的 刚性固定筋板并焊妥;
步骤 3 : 通过布局在筒体和***式大斜管上的测点, 采用全站型电子速 测仪对筒体与大斜管的接头尺寸进行测量, 放 α角反变形余量, 该 α角为筒 体轴向中心线与大斜管轴向中心线之间的夹角;
步骤 4: 采用马鞍形焊机焊接***式大斜管与筒体的下部焊缝, 直至焊 ί两;
步骤 5 : 焊接***式大斜管与筒体的中下部焊缝, 通过布局在筒体和插 入式大斜管上的测点, 采用全站型电子速测仪测量夹角 β, 该夹角 β是大斜 管轴向中心线与筒体接头处中心线之间的夹角, 在焊接过程中, 控制夹角 β 保持 180。 ;
步骤 6: 上移焊接平台并焊接***式大斜管与筒体的中上部焊缝; 通过 布局在筒体和***式大斜管上的测点, 采用全站型电子速测仪测量夹角 β, 在焊接过程中, 控制夹角 β保持 180° ;
步骤 7 : 上移焊接平台, 焊妥上部焊缝。
上述的***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法, 其中, 在所述的 步骤 3中, 考虑接头焊接过程中, 大斜管与筒体之间的夹角 α有向角度变小 的方向变化的趋势, 装配时预先放反变形余量。 该 α角反变形余量大于 0° , 且小于等于 0.5 ° 。
上述的***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法, 其中, 在所述的 步骤 4及步骤 5中, 控制夹角 β保持 180° 的步骤具体为: 若夹角 β向正方 向偏移, 则停止焊接同方向一恻焊缝, 仅焊接与偏移方向相反一恻的焊缝, 直至再次测量后, 偏移角度回到公差允许范围以内; 若夹角 β反方向偏移, 则反之。
上述的***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法, 其中, 所述的夹 角 β偏移角度的公差允许范围为 ± 0.1 ° 。
本发明的技术方案是利用全站型电子速测仪,与刚性固定的方法相结合, 在***式大斜管与筒体进行马鞍形埋弧自动焊过程中, 对接头的变形量进行 测量,并根据测量数据及时通过调整焊接顺序及工艺,控制接头的焊接变形, 产品合格率高, 焊接质量得到有效保证, 能满足产品尺寸要求, 方法简单, 对控制此类大型***式接头的焊接变形有非常良好的效果。 附图说明
图 1为传统***式大斜管与筒体焊接结构的示意图。
图 2为本发明的***式大斜管与筒体焊接变形控制的示意图。
图 3为本发明的图 2的 A向示意图。 具体实 式
以下结合附图中图 2及图 3和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例
IGCC 气体返向室***式接管 21 尺寸: 内直径为 1620mm, 壁厚为 280mm; 筒体 22尺寸: 内直径为 4400mm, 壁厚为 230mm。
采用专利 CN200610024861.9所述的方法进行***式大斜管 21和筒体 22 之间的焊接接头, 焊接过程中, 对接头变形进行控制, 其主要步骤为:
步骤 1: 采用气割的方法在筒体 22恻部开孔。
步骤 2: 如图 2所示, 装配***式大斜管 21与筒体 22, 在接头外恻周向 均匀布置防变形的刚性固定筋板 23并焊妥。
步骤 3 : 通过布局在筒体 22和***式大斜管 21上的测点 27, 采用全站 型电子速测仪 26对接头尺寸进行测量, 放 α角反变形余量 0.08° ,即实际 α 为 45.08 ° , 该 α角为筒体轴向中心线与大斜管轴向中心线之间的夹角。
步骤 4: 采用马鞍形焊机 24 (焊机是通过吊车吊入筒体内部的, 通过支 撑钢管将其固定于大斜管内壁), 焊接***式大斜管 21与筒体 22下部焊缝, 直至焊满, 并将焊机和平台 25上移。
步骤 5 : 焊接***式大斜管 21与筒体 22的中下部焊缝。 通过布局在筒 体 22和***式大斜管 21上的测点 27,采用全站型电子速测仪 26测量图 3 的 Α向图所示大斜管与筒体之间的夹角 β。 该夹角 β是大斜管轴向中心线与筒 体接头处中心线之间的夹角, 如图 3。 筒体 22和大斜管 21上分别布置 5个 以上测点, 其中 3个测点力求均布在同一圆周平面上, 另外测点则分布于筒 体其余位置。 测点布局的作用是, 通过测点数据, 经全站仪运算可模拟筒体 和大斜管的形状, 从而求出筒体与大斜管之间的夹角 β。 分析角度方向并采 取相应措施, 控制夹角 β保持 180° : 若夹角 β向正方向偏移, 则停止焊接 同方向一恻中下部焊缝, 仅焊接与偏移方向相反一恻的中下部焊缝, 直至再 次测量后, 偏移角度回到公差允许范围 ± 0.1 ° 以内; 若 β反方向偏移, 则反 之。
步骤 6:上移焊接平台 25并焊接***式大斜管 21与筒体 22的中上部焊 缝。通过布局在筒体 22和***式大斜管 21上的测点 27, 采用全站型电子速 测仪 26测量大斜管 21与筒体 22之间的夹角 β,如图 3所示。分析角度方向 并采取措施控制夹角 β保持 180° , 其措施与步骤 5中所述相同。
步骤 7 : 上移焊接平台 25, 并焊接完成上部焊缝。
通过上述焊接工艺和变形控制方法, 成功完成了***式大斜管与大型化 工筒体的焊接工作, 焊后超声波探伤一次合格。 中间热处理结束后, 通过全 站型电子速测仪测量接头尺寸, α角偏移值为 0.02° , β角偏移值为 0.04° , 完全满足图纸的尺寸要求。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍, 但应当认识 到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。 在本领域技术人员阅读了上述 内容后, 对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。 因此, 本发明的 保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。

Claims

权利要求:
1. 一种***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法, 其特征在于, 该方法 包含以下具体步骤:
步骤 1 : 采用气割的方法在筒体 (22) 恻部开孔;
步骤 2: 装配***式大斜管 (21 ) 与筒体 (22), 在大斜管与筒体的 接头外恻周向均匀布置焊接防变形的刚性固定筋板 (23 ) ;
步骤 3 : 通过布局在筒体(22)和***式大斜管(21 )上的测点(27), 采用全站型电子速测仪(26)对筒体与大斜管的接头尺寸进行测量, 放 α 角反变形余量, 该 α角为筒体轴向中心线与大斜管轴向中心线之间的夹 角;
步骤 4: 采用马鞍形焊机(24)焊接***式大斜管(21 )与筒体(22) 的下部焊缝, 直至焊满;
步骤 5 : 焊接***式大斜管 (21 ) 与筒体 (22) 的中下部焊缝, 通过 布局在筒体 (22) 和***式大斜管 (21 ) 上的测点 (27), 采用全站型电 子速测仪(26)测量夹角 β, 该夹角 β是大斜管轴向中心线与筒体接头处 中心线之间的夹角, 在焊接过程中, 控制夹角 β保持 180° ;
步骤 6 : 焊接***式大斜管 (21 ) 与筒体 (22) 的中上部焊缝; 通过 布局在筒体 (22) 和***式大斜管 (21 ) 上的测点 (27), 采用全站型电 子速测仪(26)测量大斜管(21 ) 与筒体(22)之间的夹角 β, 在焊接过 程中, 控制夹角 β保持 180° ;
歩骤 7: 焊接上部焊缝。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法,其特 征在于, 在所述的步骤 3 中, 该 α角反变形余量大于 0° , 且小于等于 0.5 ° 。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法,其特 征在于,在所述的步骤 4及步骤 5中,控制夹角 β保持 180° 的步骤包含: 若夹角 β向正方向偏移, 则停止焊接同方向一恻焊缝, 仅焊接与偏移方向 相反一恻的焊缝, 直至再次测量后, 偏移角度回到公差允许范围以内; 若 夹角 β反方向偏移, 则反之。
PCT/CN2012/071233 2011-03-30 2012-02-16 ***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法 WO2012129995A1 (zh)

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CN201110077466.8 2011-03-30
CN2011100774668A CN102380690A (zh) 2011-03-30 2011-03-30 ***式大斜管与筒体接头的焊接变形控制方法

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CN103286466B (zh) * 2013-06-09 2015-03-11 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 多喷嘴对置式气化炉烧嘴安装法兰装焊方法
CN103706987B (zh) * 2013-12-25 2016-06-29 长治清华机械厂 一种铝合金厚壁异径筒体相贯焊接定位及变形控制方法
CN104741812B (zh) * 2015-04-08 2016-10-05 上海电气核电设备有限公司 一种小直径薄壁斜插接管与堆焊层的焊接方法
CN109623006B (zh) * 2018-12-17 2024-02-13 哈电集团(秦皇岛)重型装备有限公司 一种管板上斜管钻孔加工的方法
CN109676276B (zh) * 2018-12-27 2023-08-25 哈电集团(秦皇岛)重型装备有限公司 一种非向心管与薄壁不锈钢压力容器的焊接方法
CN112025168B (zh) * 2020-08-27 2022-07-05 上海宝冶集团有限公司 用于圆柱炉壳固定斜插管的定位装置及其使用方法
CN114160935A (zh) * 2021-11-12 2022-03-11 四川川锅锅炉有限责任公司 一种防止结构焊透坡口变形的控制方法

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