WO2012093482A1 - 全有機体炭素測定装置 - Google Patents
全有機体炭素測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012093482A1 WO2012093482A1 PCT/JP2011/050099 JP2011050099W WO2012093482A1 WO 2012093482 A1 WO2012093482 A1 WO 2012093482A1 JP 2011050099 W JP2011050099 W JP 2011050099W WO 2012093482 A1 WO2012093482 A1 WO 2012093482A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flow rate
- carrier gas
- flow path
- supply
- syringe pump
- Prior art date
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 241001618883 Euphorbia uralensis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001745 non-dispersive infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/005—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods investigating the presence of an element by oxidation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1806—Biological oxygen demand [BOD] or chemical oxygen demand [COD]
Definitions
- the present invention converts the carbon component in the collected sample water into carbon dioxide in the oxidation reaction part, then transports the gas containing the carbon dioxide to the sample cell by the carrier gas, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the sample gas flowing through the sample cell
- the present invention relates to a total organic carbon measuring device (TOC meter) that detects the amount of water using a detector.
- TOC meter total organic carbon measuring device
- FIG. 6 shows a flow path configuration of a conventional TOC meter.
- the syringe pump 4 is connected to a common port of the multi-port valve 2, and the other port connected to the common port is connected to a tube for collecting a sample, dilution water, acid, a combustion tube 6, A pure water trap 10 and the like are connected to each other.
- a flow path from the carrier gas supply unit 100 is connected to the syringe pump 4 via a three-way electromagnetic valve 34.
- the sample water collected by the syringe pump 4 is injected into the sample injection part 6 a at the upper part of the combustion tube 6 after the carbon dioxide gas is degassed in the syringe pump 4.
- the sample water injected into the sample injection part 6a of the combustion pipe 6 is supplied from the carrier gas supply part 100, guided into the combustion pipe 6 by the humidified carrier gas, and burned in the presence of the catalyst in the combustion pipe 6. As a result, the carbon component contained in the sample water is converted to carbon dioxide.
- Gas (carbon dioxide and water vapor) generated in the combustion pipe 6 is cooled in the cooling pipe 8, and the carbon dioxide is guided to the dehumidifying electronic cooler 36 via the pure water trap 10 to further remove moisture, and the halogen scrubber 40. Then, the halogen component is removed, filtered by the membrane filter 42 and introduced into the sample cell 44. Then, infrared light from the light source 46 is irradiated into the sample cell 44, and a signal proportional to the concentration of carbon dioxide is obtained from the detector 48. Carbon dioxide discharged from the sample cell 44 is adsorbed by the CO 2 absorber 50.
- the carrier gas supply unit 100 includes an electromagnetic valve 102, a pressure regulating valve 104, a pressure sensor 106, a mass flow controller 108, and a flow meter 110 in order from the carrier gas inlet side. After the pressure and flow rate of the passage are set to predetermined values, they are configured to be kept constant.
- the carrier gas supply part of the conventional TOC meter generally has the same structure (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- the downstream channel of the carrier gas supply unit 100 is branched into a channel connected to the sample injection unit 6a of the combustion tube 6 and a channel connected to the switching valve 34, and the carrier gas is always in a constant ratio in both channels. Flows. For example, when the supply amount of the carrier gas supply unit 100 is set to 230 mL / min, a carrier gas of 150 mL / min flows on the combustion pipe 6 side and 80 mL / min on the switching valve 34 side.
- the carrier gas flowing toward the switching valve 34 is introduced into the syringe pump 4 by the switching valve 34, or merges with the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 through the combustion pipe 6.
- the carrier gas introduced into the syringe pump 4 is used as a sparge gas for removing IC (inorganic carbon) of sample water sucked into the syringe pump 4.
- the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is different between the sparged state in which the sparging is performed in the syringe pump 4 and the normal state in which the sparging is not performed.
- the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is 230 mL / min in the normal state and 150 mL / min in the sparged state.
- the baseline level of the detection signal obtained by the detector 48 also changes, and when the sparge state is switched to the normal state, the detection signal baseline fluctuates. Since the measurement of the sample is performed in the normal state, it seems that there is no influence of the fluctuation of the baseline, but in fact, even if the sparge state is switched to the normal state, the detection signal baseline is immediately changed to the normal state. It takes time to stabilize at the normal level without returning. If the measurement starts before the baseline stabilizes and a peak appears before the baseline stabilizes, the rise of the peak becomes distorted, making it difficult to detect the peak start point. It may be a factor to make it worse. Therefore, in order to prevent the measurement accuracy from deteriorating, it is necessary to delay the start of measurement and wait until the baseline is stabilized.
- an object of the present invention is to shorten the time until the baseline of the detection signal is stabilized when switching between the sparge state and the normal state in the syringe pump.
- a TOC meter includes a syringe pump for collecting sample water, a combustion tube for oxidatively decomposing carbon components in the sample water collected by the syringe pump to convert them into carbon dioxide, and heating the combustion tube
- An oxidation reaction section equipped with a heating furnace, a sample cell connected to the outlet of the combustion tube and flowing a sample gas containing carbon dioxide generated in the combustion tube, and carbon dioxide in the sample gas flowing through the sample cell
- a measuring unit having a detector for measuring the concentration, a carrier gas introduction channel for introducing carrier gas, one end connected to the downstream end of the carrier gas introduction channel and the other end of the syringe pump In addition to the first supply flow path and the first supply flow path connected so as to be conductive, one end is connected to the downstream end of the carrier gas introduction flow path and the other end is in contact with the combustion pipe.
- the first flow rate adjusting mechanism and the second flow rate adjusting mechanism are controlled by the flow rate control unit so that the carrier gas flows at a predetermined flow rate in the first supply flow path and the second supply flow rate.
- the flow rate control unit includes a flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell when the carrier gas is supplied from the first supply channel into the syringe pump, and a syringe pump from the first supply channel.
- the switching between the sparged state and the normal state is performed by connecting the other end of the first supply flow path to the syringe pump in the sparged state, and in the normal state, the combustion tube and the sample cell. May be performed by switching a flow path switching mechanism configured to merge with the flow path between the two.
- the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell is the same as the total flow rate of the carrier gas flowing through both the first supply channel and the second supply channel in the normal state, and the sparging is performed. In the state, it is the same as the flow rate flowing through the second supply flow path.
- the first flow rate adjustment mechanism and the second flow rate adjustment mechanism adjust the carrier gas flow rate according to the opening degree of a valve provided on each flow path.
- the first opening that is preset as the opening of each valve in the state and the second opening that is preset as the opening of each valve in the sparge state are maintained.
- Each valve of the first flow rate adjustment mechanism and the second flow rate adjustment mechanism may be configured to have a first opening degree in a normal state and a second opening degree in a spurge state. .
- the opening degree of each valve of the first flow rate adjustment mechanism and the second flow rate adjustment mechanism in the normal state and the sparging state is set in advance, and each valve is set to the opening degree according to the state. If the control is performed, the feedback control is performed rather than performing the feedback control so that the flow rate becomes a predetermined flow rate while measuring the flow rate of the carrier gas flowing through the first supply flow channel, the second supply flow channel, and the sample cell. Configuration is simplified.
- the first flow rate adjusting mechanism that adjusts the flow rate of the first supply flow path and the second flow rate adjustment mechanism that adjusts the flow rate of the second supply flow path can adjust the flow rate independently of each other.
- the flow rate control unit that controls these adjusting mechanisms is configured so that the carrier gas having the same flow rate is introduced into the sample cell in both the normal state and the sparge state.
- the cell flow rate control means for controlling the second flow rate adjustment mechanism the fluctuation of the baseline of the detection signal when the sparge state is switched to the normal state is suppressed, and the baseline of the detection signal is stabilized at an early stage. be able to. Thereby, the distortion which arises in a peak shape by the fluctuation
- the TOC meter of this embodiment is collected by the syringe pump 4 and sparged in the syringe pump 4 to remove inorganic carbon (IC), and then the sample after IC removal is injected into the sample injection portion 6 a of the combustion tube 6. Then, it is introduced into the combustion tube 6 by the carrier gas from the carrier gas supply unit 12 and burned in the presence of the catalyst accommodated in the combustion tube 6 to convert the carbon component into carbon dioxide. The sample gas containing the converted carbon dioxide is further guided to the sample cell 44 by the carrier gas.
- IC inorganic carbon
- the sample gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is irradiated with infrared rays from the light source 46, and the carbon dioxide concentration is calculated based on the detection signal obtained by the detector 48 at that time, and is included in the sample from the carbon dioxide concentration.
- the syringe pump 4 is connected to the common port of the multiport valve 2.
- the flow path for collecting the sample (sample water), the flow path from the autosampler (ASI), the dilution water, the acid, and the sample water to the combustion pipe are connected to the other port of the multi-port valve 2
- a flow path 52 for injection is connected.
- the syringe pump 4 has a sparge gas inlet for introducing a carrier gas at the bottom of the barrel.
- a first supply channel 56 from the carrier gas supply unit 12 is connected to the sparge gas inlet of the syringe pump 4 via a three-way solenoid valve 34, and the carrier gas from the carrier gas supply unit 12 is used as a sparge gas.
- carbon dioxide (inorganic carbon) in the sample water can be degassed in the syringe pump 4.
- the three-way solenoid valve 34 can switch the connection destination of the first supply channel 56 from the carrier gas supply unit 12 between the channel leading to the syringe pump 4 and the bypass channel 58.
- the bypass channel 58 is connected to a channel 59 connected to a channel 54 that leads to the sample cell 44.
- One port of the multi-port valve 2 is connected to a sample injection part 6 a provided on the upper part of the combustion tube 6 through a flow path 52.
- the combustion tube 6 includes an oxidation catalyst made of a metal oxide or a noble metal for converting all the carbon components in the sample into carbon dioxide.
- An electric furnace 7 is provided around the combustion tube 6, and the inside of the combustion tube 6 can be heated to a high temperature (for example, 680 ° C.).
- the other second supply channel 57 from the carrier gas supply unit 12 is connected to the sample injection unit 6 a of the combustion tube 6 via the check valve 26.
- the sample outlet provided at the lower part of the combustion tube 6 is connected to the upper part of the pure water trap 10 via the cooling pipe 8 and the flow path 53, and the outlet of the pure water trap 10 is non-dispersed by the flow path 54.
- the sample cell 44 is connected to an infrared analysis method (NDIR). At both ends of the sample cell 44, a light source 46 and a detector 48 are arranged to face each other.
- the flow path 54 includes a dehumidifier 36 for dehumidifying the sample, a halogen scrubber 40 for removing halogen components, and a membrane filter 42 for removing foreign substances in order from the upstream side.
- a drain pot 38 for removing water is connected to the dehumidifier 36.
- a bypass flow path 59 is connected between the pure water trap 10 in the flow path 54 and the dehumidifier 36.
- the carrier gas introduction channel 55 of the carrier gas supply unit 12 is branched into a first supply channel 56 and a second supply channel 57, and a part of the carrier gas introduced from the carrier gas inlet is supplied to the first supply channel. It supplies to 56 side, and it is comprised so that the remaining carrier gas may be supplied to the 2nd supply flow path 57 side.
- a pressure regulating valve 14 and a pressure sensor 16 are provided on the carrier gas introduction channel 55 from the upstream side.
- the first supply flow path 56 branched from the carrier gas introduction flow path 55 has a flow rate control valve 28, a pressure sensor 30 and a flow path resistance 32 as a first flow rate adjustment mechanism capable of controlling the flow rate by adjusting the opening degree from the upstream side.
- the downstream end is connected to one port of the three-way solenoid valve 34.
- a flow path leading to the syringe pump 4 and a bypass flow path 58 are connected to the other port of the three-way electromagnetic valve 34, and any one of these flows is made possible by switching the three-way electromagnetic valve 34. Can be connected to the road.
- the other second supply flow channel 57 branched from the carrier gas introduction flow channel 55 is a flow rate control valve 18, pressure sensor 20, and flow channel as a second flow rate adjustment mechanism capable of controlling the flow rate by adjusting the opening degree from the upstream side.
- the resistor 22 and the humidifier 24 are provided, and the downstream end is connected to the sample injection part 6 a of the combustion pipe 6 through a check valve 26.
- the sample is measured in a state where the first supply channel 56 is connected to the bypass channel 58 by the three-way solenoid valve 34.
- this state is referred to as a “normal state”.
- the carrier gas that has passed through the first supply flow path 56, the bypass flow path 58, the flow path 59, and the flow path 54, and the second supply flow path 57, the combustion pipe 6, the flow path 53, and the flow path 54 have passed.
- a carrier gas is introduced into the sample cell 44. That is, in the normal state, the carrier gas having the total flow rate of the carrier gas flowing from the carrier gas supply unit 12 toward the first supply flow path 56 and the carrier gas flowing toward the second supply flow path 57 is introduced into the sample cell 44. Is done. Therefore, the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is equal to the flow rate of the carrier gas flowing through the carrier gas introduction channel 55.
- IC removal by sparging of the sample water sucked into the syringe pump 4 is performed in a state where the first supply channel 56 is electrically connected to the syringe pump 4 by the three-way electromagnetic valve 34.
- This state is referred to as a “sparge state”.
- this sparged state only the carrier gas that has passed through the second supply flow path 57, the combustion pipe 6, the flow path 53, and the flow path 54 is introduced into the sample cell 44.
- the carrier gas supply unit 12 is controlled so that the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is always constant.
- An example of the flow rate control will be described assuming that the carrier gas flow rate introduced into the sample cell 44 is 230 mL / min.
- the flow rate control valve 18 and the carrier gas flow from the carrier gas supply unit 12 to the first supply channel 56 side at 80 mL / min and the carrier gas to the second supply channel 57 side at 150 mL / min.
- the opening degree of 28 is adjusted.
- the carrier gas flowing through the first supply channel 56 is introduced into the syringe pump 4 as the sparge gas at 80 mL / min.
- the multiport valve 2 is in a state where the tip of the syringe pump 4 is connected to the drain, and the carrier gas discharged from the syringe pump 4 is discharged to the drain.
- the opening degree of the flow control valve 18 is also changed so that the carrier gas flows at 230 mL / min to the second supply flow path 57 side.
- the pressure regulating valve 14 is controlled based on the measured value of the pressure sensor 16 so that the pressure in the carrier gas introduction channel 55 is always constant.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the control system of this TOC meter.
- Each element of the TOC meter is connected to an arithmetic processing unit 60 realized by, for example, a personal computer (PC) via a system controller 62.
- the system controller 62 controls the operation of each element such as the multi-port valve 2, the syringe pump 4, the three-way electromagnetic valve 34, and the carrier gas supply unit 12 in accordance with a command from the arithmetic processing device 60.
- the detector 48 is also connected to the arithmetic processing device 60 via the system controller 62, and a detection signal obtained by the detector 48 is transmitted to the arithmetic processing device 60 via the system controller 62, and the arithmetic processing device 60 is detected. The calculation of the peak area of the detection signal and the conversion from the peak area value to the TOC value are performed.
- the system controller 62 includes a valve opening holding unit 64 and cell flow rate control means 66, and realizes a flow rate control unit.
- the valve opening holding unit 64 determines the opening (first opening) of the flow control valves 18 and 28 in the normal state and the opening (second opening) of the flow control valves 18 and 28 in the sparging state. It is something to keep.
- the first opening degree of the flow control valves 18 and 28 is set in order to set the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 in the normal state to a predetermined flow rate.
- the second opening degree of the flow control valve 28 is set to set the supply amount of the sparge gas to the syringe pump 4 in the sparge state to a predetermined flow rate, and the second opening degree of the flow control valve 18 is This is set so that the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 in the spurge state is the same as that in the normal state.
- the cell flow rate control means 66 is for controlling the carrier gas supply unit 12 so that the carrier gas flow rate introduced into the sample cell 44 is always kept constant.
- the cell flow control means 66 controls the opening of the flow control valves 18 and 28 to the first opening when in a normal state such as at the start of measurement, and controls the flow when in the sparging state in which the sparging is performed in the syringe pump 4.
- the opening degree of the valves 18 and 28 is controlled to the second opening degree.
- the opening degree of the flow control valve 28 may be maintained constant. In this case, the supply amount of the sparge gas when performing the sparge in the syringe pump 4 cannot be adjusted, but the flow rate control between the normal state and the sparge state is performed only by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 18.
- the control system of the carrier gas supply unit 12 can be simplified.
- the three-way solenoid valve 34 is in a state where the first supply flow path 56 is connected to the bypass flow path 58, and the carrier gas supply unit 12 is 230 mL / liter from the carrier gas inlet.
- Min carrier gas is introduced.
- the opening degree of the flow control valves 18 and 28 is set to the first opening degree, and the carrier gas flows at 80 mL / min on the first supply flow path 56 side and 150 mL / min on the second supply flow path 57 side. .
- Carrier gas is introduced into the sample cell 44 at a total flow rate of 230 mL / min.
- a predetermined amount of sample water is collected in the syringe pump 4 (step S1).
- a sparge for removing IC in the sample water is started in the syringe pump 4 (step S2).
- the three-way solenoid valve 34 connects the first supply flow path 56 to the inside of the syringe pump 4 to set the sparging state, and at the same time, the flow control valves 18 and 28 are each opened to the second opening.
- the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 18 By setting the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 18 to the second opening degree, the flow rate of the carrier gas flowing through the second supply channel 57 is increased to 230 mL / min, and the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is 230 mL. / Min.
- the sparger gas is supplied into the syringe pump 4 at a flow rate of 80 mL / min.
- the first supply flow path 56 is connected to the bypass flow path 58 by the three-way solenoid valve 34 to bring it into a normal state, and at the same time, the opening degree of the flow control valves 18 and 28 is returned to the first opening degree. (Step S3).
- the flow path configuration is returned to the normal state, and the opening amounts of the flow rate control valves 18 and 28 are also returned to the first opening degree, so that the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is also maintained at 230 mL / min. .
- step S4 measurement is started (step S4).
- the sample water in the syringe pump 4 is introduced into the sample injection part 6 a of the combustion tube 6.
- the sample water introduced into the sample injection part 6a is guided into the combustion pipe 6 by the carrier gas from the second supply channel 57 and burned in the presence of the catalyst, so that all the carbon components are converted into carbon dioxide.
- the sample gas containing carbon dioxide converted in the combustion pipe 6 is guided to the flow path 54 through the cooling pipe 8, the flow path 53 and the pure water trap 10 together with the carrier gas.
- the first supply channel 56 from the carrier gas supply unit 12 is connected to the bypass channel 58 after the deaeration in the syringe pump 4 is completed, and the carrier gas that has transported the sample gas from the combustion tube 6.
- the carrier gas from the flow path 59 joins and flows through the flow path 54.
- the sample gas introduced into the flow path 54 is introduced into the sample cell 44 through the dehumidifier 36, the halogen scrubber 40, and the membrane filter 42. Then, infrared light from the light source 46 is irradiated into the sample cell 44, and a signal corresponding to the concentration of carbon dioxide is obtained from the detector 48. Carbon dioxide discharged from the sample cell 44 is adsorbed by the CO 2 absorber 50.
- the arithmetic processing unit 60 calculates the TOC based on the signal obtained by the detector 48, and ends the measurement (step S7).
- step S5 When there is sample water to be measured next (step S5), the next sample water is sucked into the syringe pump 4 during the measurement.
- the timing for sucking the next sample water is, for example, immediately after the sample water is introduced from the syringe pump 4 into the combustion tube 6 and the inside of the syringe pump 4 is washed. Then, after the measurement of the previous sample is completed, the operation after the sparging is performed on the next sample. If there is no sample water to be measured next, the operation is terminated along with the end of the TOC measurement (step S7).
- FIG. 4A schematically shows an example of the waveform of the detection signal obtained by the conventional TOC meter
- FIG. 4B schematically shows an example of the waveform of the detection signal obtained by the TOC meter of the above embodiment.
- FIG. 4A conventionally, since the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 during the sparging in the syringe pump 4 decreases, the baseline of the detection signal increases. After that, when the measurement is started, a peak may appear before the baseline of the detection signal returns to the normal state. In this case, the peak start point becomes distorted and the peak start point Detection becomes difficult and affects the calculation of the peak area value.
- the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is always kept constant as in the above embodiment, the baseline of the detection signal will fluctuate as shown in FIG. 4B. It is suppressed, deformation of the peak shape is prevented, and the accuracy of TOC measurement can be increased.
- the carrier gas flowing through the first supply channel 56 and the carrier gas flowing through the second supply channel 57 are both introduced into the sample cell 44 in the normal state. It is also possible to configure the supply channel 56 as a dedicated channel for supplying the sparge gas to the syringe pump 4. An embodiment of the TOC meter configured as described above is shown in FIG.
- the first supply flow path 56 is always in communication with the syringe pump 4. For this reason, the flow rate control valve 28 is opened to a certain degree of opening only when the carrier gas is supplied into the syringe pump 4 and sparging is performed, and the flow rate control valve 28 is closed during the normal state where sparging is not performed. . Since the carrier gas introduced into the sample cell 44 is only the carrier gas that has passed through the second supply flow path 57, the carrier introduced into the sample cell 44 can be maintained only by maintaining the flow rate control valve 18 at a constant opening degree. The gas flow rate can be kept constant.
- Multi-port valve 4 Sampling syringe 6 Combustion pipe 6a Sample injection part 7 Electric furnace 8 Cooling pipe 10 Pure water trap 12 Carrier gas supply part 14 Pressure regulation valve 16, 20, 30 Pressure sensor 18, 28 Flow control valve 22, 32 Flow path Resistor 34 Solenoid valve 36 Dehumidifier 38 Drain pot 40 Halogen scrubber 42 Membrane filter 44 Cell 46 Light source 48 Detector 50 CO 2 absorber 56 First supply flow channel 57 Second supply flow channel 60 Arithmetic processing unit 62 System controller 64 Valve opening Holding unit 66 Cell flow rate control means
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Abstract
Description
多ポートバルブ2の共通のポートにシリンジポンプ4が接続されているとともに、共通ポートに切り替えて接続される他のポートにはサンプル、希釈水、酸を採取するためのチューブや、燃焼管6、純水トラップ10などがそれぞれ接続されている。シリンジポンプ4には、キャリアガス供給部100からの流路が3方電磁弁34を介して接続されている。
この実施例のTOC計は、シリンジポンプ4により採取し、シリンジポンプ4内でスパージすることによって無機炭素(IC)を除去した後、IC除去後の試料を燃焼管6の試料注入部6aに注入し、キャリアガス供給部12からのキャリアガスによって燃焼管6の内部に導入して燃焼管6内に収納されている触媒の存在下で燃焼させて炭素成分を二酸化炭素に変換する。変換した二酸化炭素を含む試料ガスをさらにキャリアガスによって試料セル44へ導く。試料セル44内に導入した試料ガスに対して光源46から赤外線を照射し、そのときに検出器48で得られる検出信号に基づいて二酸化炭素濃度を算出し、その二酸化炭素濃度から試料中に含まれていた有機体炭素濃度(TOC)を求める。
このTOC計の各要素は、例えばパーソナルコンピュータ(PC)によって実現される演算処理装置60にシステムコントローラ62を介して接続されている。システムコントローラ62は演算処理装置60からの指令に応じて、多ポートバルブ2、シリンジポンプ4、3方電磁弁34及びキャリアガス供給部12などの各要素の動作の制御を行なうものである。また、検出器48もシステムコントローラ62を介して演算処理装置60と接続されており、検出器48で得られた検出信号がシステムコントローラ62を介して演算処理装置60に送信され、演算処理装置60において検出信号のピーク面積の演算やピーク面積値からTOC値への換算などが行なわれる。
この装置の初期状態(=通常状態)として、3方電磁弁34は第1供給流路56をバイパス流路58と接続した状態にされており、キャリアガス供給部12はキャリアガス入口から230mL/minのキャリアガスを導入している。流量制御バルブ18及び28の開度はそれぞれ第1開度にされており、第1供給流路56側に80mL/min、第2供給流路57側に150mL/minでキャリアガスが流れている。試料セル44にはその合計の流量230mL/minでキャリアガスが導入されている。
図4Aに示されているように、従来では、シリンジポンプ4内でのスパージの際に試料セル44に導入されるキャリアガスの流量が低下するため、検出信号のベースラインが上昇する。そして、その後、測定を開始すると、検出信号のベースラインが通常の状態に戻りきる前にピークが出てしまうことがあり、その場合はピークの開始点が歪な形状になってピーク開始点の検出が困難になり、ピーク面積値の算出に影響を与える。これに対し、上記実施例のように試料セル44に導入されるキャリアガスの流量を常に一定に維持するようにすれば、図4Bに示されているように、検出信号のベースラインの変動が抑制され、ピーク形状の変形が防止され、TOC測定の精度を高めることができる。
4 サンプリングシリンジ
6 燃焼管
6a 試料注入部
7 電気炉
8 冷却管
10 純水トラップ
12 キャリアガス供給部
14 調圧弁
16,20,30 圧力センサ
18,28 流量制御バルブ
22,32 流路抵抗
34 電磁弁
36 除湿器
38 ドレインポット
40 ハロゲンスクラバ
42 メンブレンフィルタ
44 セル
46 光源
48 検出器
50 CO2アブソーバ
56 第1供給流路
57 第2供給流路
60 演算処理部
62 システムコントローラ
64 バルブ開度保持部
66 セル流量制御手段
Claims (3)
- 試料水を採取するためのシリンジポンプと、
前記シリンジポンプにより採取された試料水中の炭素成分を酸化分解して二酸化炭素に変換するための燃焼管及び前記燃焼管を加熱するための加熱炉を備えた酸化反応部と、
前記燃焼管の出口部に接続され前記燃焼管内で発生した二酸化炭素を含む試料ガスを流通させるための試料セル及び前記試料セルを流れる試料ガス中の二酸化炭素濃度を測定するための検出器を備えた測定部と、
キャリアガスを導入するためのキャリアガス導入流路、一端が前記キャリアガス導入流路の下流端に接続されているとともに他端が前記シリンジポンプと導通し得るように接続されている第1供給流路、前記第1供給流路とは別に前記キャリアガス導入流路の下流端に一端が接続されているとともに他端が前記燃焼管に接続されている第2供給流路、前記第1供給流路を流れるキャリアガスの流量を調整するための第1流量調整機構、及び前記第2供給流路を流れるキャリアガスの流量を前記第1流量調整機構とは独立して調整するための第2流量調整機構を備えたキャリアガス供給部と、
前記第1供給流路及び第2供給流量において所定の流量でキャリアガスが流れるように前記第1流量調整機構及び第2流量調整機構を制御する流量制御部であって、前記第1供給流路から前記シリンジポンプ内にキャリアガスが供給される状態であるスパージ状態のときの前記試料セルに導入されるキャリアガスの流量と、前記第1供給流路から前記シリンジポンプ内にキャリアガスが供給されない状態である通常状態のときの前記試料セルに導入されるキャリアガスの流量と、が等しくなるように前記第1流量調整機構及び第2流量調整機構を制御するセル流量制御手段を有する流量制御部と、を備えていることを特徴とする全有機体炭素測定装置。 - 前記スパージ状態と通常状態との間の切替えは、前記第1供給流路の他端を、前記スパージ状態のときは前記シリンジポンプと導通させ、前記通常状態のときは前記燃焼管と前記試料セルとの間の流路に合流させるように構成された流路切替機構の切替えにより行なうものである請求項1に記載の全有機体炭素測定装置。
- 前記第1流量調整機構及び前記第2流量調整機構はそれぞれの流路上に設けられたバルブの開度によってキャリアガス流量を調整するものであり、
前記流量制御部は、前記通常状態のときの各バルブの開度として予め設定された第1開度及び前記スパージ状態のときの各バルブの開度として予め設定された第2開度を保持しており、
前記セル流量制御手段は、前記第1流量調整機構及び前記第2流量調整機構の各バルブを、前記通常状態のときに前記第1開度にし、前記スパージ状態のときに前記第2開度にするように構成されている請求項1又は2に記載の全有機体炭素測定装置。
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