WO2012085394A1 - Disengageable rocker for disconnecting a valve - Google Patents
Disengageable rocker for disconnecting a valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012085394A1 WO2012085394A1 PCT/FR2011/052977 FR2011052977W WO2012085394A1 WO 2012085394 A1 WO2012085394 A1 WO 2012085394A1 FR 2011052977 W FR2011052977 W FR 2011052977W WO 2012085394 A1 WO2012085394 A1 WO 2012085394A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- lever
- cam
- rocker arm
- axis
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0005—Deactivating valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
- F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
- F01L2820/031—Electromagnets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of control of an internal combustion engine and in particular the disconnection of the intake valves of an internal combustion engine, for example spark ignition.
- An engine comprises an engine block defining cylindrical combustion chambers each closed at one end by a movable piston and at the other end to a cylinder head associated with air and fuel intake means and exhaust means burnt gases.
- the engine further comprises a system for regulating the air flow upstream of the intake means.
- the efficiency of the internal combustion engines depends in particular on the filling rate of the combustion chambers by air and it is preferable to maintain the engine in the operating zones in which the filling ratio is maximum. Indeed, in the case of a low engine load, the control system passes only the amount of air needed to ensure the engine load. This has the effect of pumping the engine and degrading engine performance. To extend the optimal operating zone, especially when the engine is running at half load, it is known to deactivate part of the combustion chambers so as to increase the unit load of the combustion chambers remaining activated.
- the deactivation of the combustion chambers or disconnection of cylinders is obtained a succession of steps, one of which consists in neutralizing the opening of the intake and exhaust valves of said chambers.
- valve disconnection device as described by document DE19830168 and illustrated in FIG. 1.
- a valve disconnection device consists of a valve 1, shown partially, sliding in a cylinder head (not shown) and held in a stable position closed by a return spring 2.
- the valve 1 allows to close an intake hole (or exhaust) allowing the circulation of fresh gas (or gas burned) between a cylinder located under the valve 1 and the pipes (not shown).
- the head 3 of the valve 1 is in contact with a first end 4 of a rocker arm 5.
- the rod 9 on which a camshaft cam 10 is supported, slides with respect to the cylinder head and transmits an alternating movement of the cam 10 to
- the rocker arm 5 is pivotally mounted relative to the cylinder head along an axis of rotation 12.
- the axis of rotation 12 is carried by a pivot shaft 14 integral with an eccentric 15 arranged to pivot about an eccentric axis. 13 in relation to the breech.
- the eccentric 15 further comprises an arm 16, one end 17 of which can move between a high position and a low position. In the high position, the end 17 of the arm 16 is retained by an electromagnet 18 so that the axis of rotation 12 is in a first position in which the rocker arm 5 is connected to the cam 10.
- ⁇ electromagnet 18 is released, the end 17 of the arm 16 is biased downwardly by a tension spring 20, thus displacing the axis of rotation 12 in a second position in which the rocker arm 5 is disconnected from the cam 10.
- the electromagnet is activated, which causes the end 17 of the arm 16 to move to the high position.
- the device according to DE19830168 is not suitable for current combustion engines that require very short reaction times, of the order of 20ms. Indeed, to disconnect the valve, the eccentric 15 moves the entire rocker arm, which causes a significant reaction time due to the inertia of the rocker arm 5.
- EP 1 154 129 and US Patent 4,556,025 disclose a valve actuator comprising a two-part rocker arm selectively connected by an electromagnetic actuator mounted on the engine cylinder head.
- EP 0 342 007 does not disclose a two-part rocker arm resting on a valve and a rotating cam.
- the application FR 2 882 781 discloses a rocker arm in three parts, a part cooperating with a valve stem, a part with a cam and a third part being moved by an actuator fixed on the cylinder head to couple or not the first and the second part of the tumbler.
- US Patent 5,107,803 discloses a valve actuator implementing a hydraulic actuator.
- the invention makes it possible to solve, at least in part, the preceding problems and the disadvantages of the devices of the prior art.
- the invention relates to a device for actuating at least one valve comprising a support and at least one rocker pivotally mounted relative to the support along a tilting axis, the rocker having a first portion to rest on the valve and a second portion to rest on a rotating cam.
- the first portion comprises a valve lever
- the second portion comprises a cam lever movable relative to the valve lever
- connection means comprising an electromagnetic actuator, arranged to selectively connect the cam lever with the valve lever so that, when the cam lever and the valve lever are in a connected position, the cam transmits a movement at the valve, and when the cam lever and the valve lever are in a disconnected position, the cam does not transmit motion to the valve.
- connection means disconnects the levers which become mobile with respect to one another: when the cam lever and the valve lever are in a connected position, the cam transmits a movement to the valve, and when the cam lever and the valve lever are in a disconnected position, the cam does not transmit motion to the valve.
- the disconnection of the valve is fast, because only are moved a portion of the rocker arm and the connection means.
- the rocker is in particular a rocker.
- the rocker arm can be pivotally mounted on a fixed point and come to bear on the valve by its first portion.
- the pressure on the valve and the support on the cam can be done via two opposite ends of the rocker arm.
- the cam does not press the rocker arm via an intermediate region of the latter arranged between the fixed point, formed for example by a hydraulic catch-up clearance, and the support on the valve, but this support of the cam is in the case of the rocker arm via one end of the latter.
- connection means comprise a pin which is translated by the electromagnetic actuator between a locked position in which the pin connects the cam lever with the valve lever and an unlocked position in which the cam lever is disconnected from the lever. valve.
- the pin is of reduced mass and coupled with an electromagnetic actuator allows for very short device reaction times.
- the electromagnetic actuator can be exclusively electromagnetic, that is to say that the displacement of the pin is only due to a magnetic force. Means complementary to magnetic means are thus advantageously not implemented by the electromagnetic actuator.
- the electromagnetic actuator is for example different from an actuator implementing both hydraulic means and magnetic means, as for example described in application FR 2 512 493 in which a valve is electromagnetically actuated to allow a fluid to flow. move a lock.
- the actuator is preferably a linear actuator.
- the pin may be formed by several pieces rigidly coupled together, for example by hooping or screwing.
- the pin may comprise a first part made of a ferromagnetic material and subjected to the magnetic field generated by the actuator, in particular electromagnets of the actuator. This first piece is for example immersed inside the actuator and in particular surrounded by the electromagnets.
- the pin may include a second piece to connect the cam lever and the valve lever. This second piece may be made of a material different from that used for the first piece. The second piece is advantageously made of a material to ensure the resistance to connection forces.
- the first and second parts of the pin can both be displaced in the same translational movement by the magnetic field generated by the actuator, unlike the system disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,556,025 in which the actuator moves a part in a hole is provided and when this hole is opposite the pin, it can come connect the two parts of the rocker arm.
- This pin moved in translation by the magnetic field generated by the actuator, can come directly into contact with the cam lever and the valve lever to connect them.
- the electromagnetic actuator can interact with only one rocker arm, unlike that described in US Patent 4,556,025 in which the same actuator interacts with a plurality of rocker arms.
- the rocker arm may be formed by an electromagnetic actuator, a first rigidly coupled assembly and a second rigidly coupled assembly. These two sets are respectively the cam lever and the valve lever.
- "rigidly coupled” is synonymous with solidarity, that is to say that no degree of freedom exists within such a set.
- the actuator may be movable relative to the support, this support being for example the cylinder head of the engine.
- the electromagnetic actuator can be attached to the rocker arm.
- the actuator is for example embedded on one of the rocker arm portions, in particular the cam lever.
- the actuator is thus mounted closer to the levers to be connected, which can permanently ensure proper positioning of the actuator relative to these levers.
- the actuator can be connected to control and power supply systems, for example the engine control unit, by a mobile and flexible connection.
- the rocker arm may have a median plane forming a plane of symmetry for the rocker and the movement of the pin to connect or not the cam lever and the valve lever can be done according to this median plane.
- the actuating device interacts in particular with a single cam.
- the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, an assembly comprising the actuating device defined above and a single cam adapted to interact with the second portion of the rocker arm.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a valve disconnection device according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a valve disconnecting device in the connected position according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the device illustrated in FIG. 2 in a disconnected position
- FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of the device illustrated in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the locking device already illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a connected-position valve disconnection device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a connected-position valve disconnection device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- the invention comprises a rocker pivoting relative to a support (not shown), such as a shaft attached to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine .
- the rocker arm 30 is supported by a first portion 31 on a valve (not shown) and a second portion 32 on a cam (not shown).
- the rocker arm is arranged to transmit a movement of the cam to the valve.
- the first portion 31 comprises a valve lever 33 whose first end 33a is hinged relative to the support along a tilting axis X and with respect to the second portion 32 of the rocker arm 30 along a disengagement axis Y.
- the tilting axis X and the disengagement axis Y are merged into one axis.
- the valve lever 33 supports at a second end 33b a set screw 34 screwed and locked in the valve lever 33 by a locknut 35.
- the clearance adjusting screw 34 has an axis contained in a plane perpendicular to the X tilting axis and is provided with a support foot 36 arranged to allow the valve lever 33 to press the valve with a calibrated distribution set.
- the second portion 32 of the rocker arm 30 includes a cam lever 37 articulated around the valve lever 33 at a first end 37a and along the X and Y axes.
- the device comprises a ring 38 (visible in FIG. 4) forcibly fitted into the first end 33a of the valve lever 33 so as to have ends extending projecting from the valve lever 33 so as to be received in a bore of the cam lever 37 which cooperates with an outer surface 38a of the ring 38 to form a disengaging pivot.
- an inner surface 38b of the ring is arranged to receive the rocker arm support shaft relative to the cylinder head.
- the first end 37a of the cam lever 37 is clevis-shaped and has a groove 40 which separates said first end into two flanges 40a and 40b arranged to surround the first end of the valve lever.
- the valve lever 33 is maintained between the two flanges 40a, 40b and therefore has only one degree of freedom with respect to the cam lever 37, that is to say a rotation about the axis of
- the groove 40 and the two flanges 40a and 40b are arranged to limit the angular displacement of the valve lever 33.
- a roller 41 is mounted in free rotation at a second end 37b of the cam lever 37. Said roller 41 is arranged to be in contact with the cam and to transmit the movement of the cam to the rocker arm 30.
- the rocker 30 is divided into two levers 33 and 37 articulated to one another by their first end (respectively 33a and 37a).
- the rocker arm 30 is not a rigid member and can be disengaged.
- the rocker 30 further includes connection means 45, here carried by the cam lever 37, for selectively connecting the cam lever 37 with the valve lever 33.
- the connecting means 45 comprises an electromagnetic actuator 46 attached to the lever cam 37 and a pin 47, translated by the actuator 46 between an unlocked position in which the pin 47 is retracted into the actuator 46 and a locked position in which the pin 47 is output from the actuator 46 to engage in a complementary orifice 49 arranged in the valve lever 33.
- the actuator 46 and the pin 47 are arranged to be, when the rocker arm 30 is in the connected position, substantially parallel to the valve lever 33, that is to say perpendicular to the disengagement axis Y.
- the cam lever 37 In the unlocked position, the cam lever 37 is free to pivot. In the locked position, the valve lever 33 and the cam lever 37 are integral, the rocker arm 30 is then comprising as a rigid organ.
- Figure 5 illustrates more particularly the arrangement of the connection means 45 with respect to the cam lever 37 and the valve lever 33 in the connected position.
- the internal parts of the device such as the pin 47 and the first end of the valve lever 33a, are shown in phantom.
- the actuator 46 is inserted into a bore in the cam lever 37 so that the pin 47, in the unlocked position, is flush with the first end 33a of the valve lever 33.
- the pin 47 is moved a short distance to reach its locked position. The time required to connect the cam lever 37 and the valve lever 33 is thus reduced.
- the operation of the device is simple: in the connected position, that is to say when the pin 47 is locked in the valve lever 33, the rocker 30 transmits the movements of the cam to the valve. To disconnect the valve, it is then sufficient to control the actuator 46 to unlock the pin 47. This is then translated into the actuator 46 and the valve lever 33 is disconnected from the cam lever 37. The cam lever 37 is then free to rotate around the ring 38. The cam lever 37 thus follows the movements of the cam, but does not transmit them to the valve. The valve is disconnected.
- the rocker arm 30 has return means 50 of the cam lever 37 to the connected position.
- the return means 50 visible only in FIG. 4, comprise a compression spring 51 inserted into the valve lever 33 and held by a piston 52.
- the spring 51 is arranged to exert a force on the cam lever 37 in order to call him back to the connected position.
- the return spring 51 and more generally the return means 50 are sized to be more flexible than the valve spring in order to prevent the forces generated by the return means 50 from moving the valve when the rocker arm 30 is in the disconnected position.
- the rocker 30 always tends to find its connected position.
- the return means 50 thus make it possible to maintain contact between the cam lever 37 and the cam and between the valve lever 33 and the valve regardless of the connected or disconnected position of the rocker 30. With these return means 50, there is no clearance between the valve and the clearance adjusting screw 34, this clearance echoing between the pin 47 and the complementary orifice 49 formed in the valve lever 33 to receive the pin 47.
- valve lever described above is in the form of a piston 55 sliding in a cylindrical body 56 carried by the cam lever 37.
- the piston 55 comprises a clearance adjusting screw 34 which comes resting on the valve.
- the piston 55 is arranged to move along a sliding axis substantially coaxial with the axis of displacement of the valve.
- the piston 55 is movable between a connected position in which the rocker 30 transmits the movement of the cam to the valve and a disconnected position in which the connection means 45 disconnects the piston 55 from the cam lever 37 so that the rocker arm 30 transmits more the movement of the cam to the valve but only to the compression spring 57.
- Returning means 50 here a compression spring 57, are arranged in the cylinder 56 to return the piston 55 to the position connected to each cam tower.
- connection means 45 are carried by the cam lever 37 and comprise an electromagnetic actuator 46 adapted to translate the pin 47 between a locked position and an unlocked position.
- the pin is moved along an axis perpendicular to the sliding axis. It cooperates with an annular groove 58 formed in the piston 55 to block its movement.
- the piston 55 is respectively in a connected or disconnected position, respectively allowing the locking of the piston 55 with respect to the cam lever 37 (and thus the transmission of the movement of the cam to the valve ) or its free movement (and therefore the transmission of movement of the cam to the return spring 51).
- Figure 7 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention.
- the rocker arm 30 comprises a cam lever 37 and a valve lever 33 articulated on the cam lever 37 along a parallel Y disengagement axis, but not coinciding with the X tilting axis.
- connection means 45 are carried by the valve lever 33 and are arranged substantially at the first end 37a of the cam lever 37.
- the connection means 45 comprise an actuator 46 and a pin 47 whose axis of displacement is parallel to the disengagement axis.
- valve lever 33 pivots freely with respect to the cam lever 37, thereby disconnecting the valve. Conversely, when the pin 47 is locked, the cam lever 37 and the valve lever 33 are connected and the rocker 30 transmits the movement of the cam to the valve.
- the return means 50 may comprise a torsion spring whose torsion axis is parallel or coincides with the disengagement axis Y.
- the parts of the device and in particular the cam and tumbler levers are made of steel.
- parts of the device can be made of a light alloy, such as aluminum. It is thus particularly advantageous to produce a solution with the lowest possible inertia, for example the piston 55 illustrated in the second embodiment, made of aluminum.
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- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
The subject of the invention is a device for actuating at least one value comprising a support and at least one rocker (30) mounted so that it can rock with respect to the support about an axis of pivoting, the rocker having a first portion (31) for resting against the valve and a second portion (32) for resting against a rotary cam. According to the invention: - the first portion (31) comprises a valve lever (33); - the second portion (32) comprises a cam lever (37), able to move with respect to the valve lever (33); - the rocker (30) comprises connecting means comprising an electromagnetic actuator (46), designed selectively to connect the cam lever (37) with the valve lever (33) so that when the cam lever (37) and the valve lever (33) are in a connected position, the cam transmits movement to the valve, and when the cam lever (37) and the valve lever (33) are brought into a disconnected position, the cam does not transmit movement to the valve.
Description
Culbuteur débrayable pour déconnexion de soupape Disengagable rocker arm for valve disconnection
La présente invention concerne le domaine du contrôle d'un moteur à combustion interne et en particulier la déconnexion des soupapes d'admission d'un moteur à combustion interne par exemple à allumage commandé. The present invention relates to the field of control of an internal combustion engine and in particular the disconnection of the intake valves of an internal combustion engine, for example spark ignition.
Un moteur comprend un bloc moteur délimitant des chambres de combustion cylindriques fermées chacune à une extrémité par un piston mobile et à l'autre extrémité à une culasse associée à des moyens d'admission d'air et de carburant et à des moyens d'échappement des gaz brûlés. Le moteur comprend en outre un système de régulation du débit d'air en amont des moyens d'admission. Le rendement des moteurs à combustion interne dépend notamment du taux de remplissage des chambres de combustion par l'air et il est préférable de maintenir le moteur dans les zones de fonctionnement dans lesquelles le taux de remplissage est maximum. En effet, dans le cas d'une faible charge du moteur, le système de régulation ne laisse passer que la quantité d'air nécessaire pour assurer la charge moteur. Cela a pour conséquence de mettre le moteur en pompage et de dégrader le rendement du moteur. Pour étendre la zone de fonctionnement optimal, notamment lorsque le moteur fonctionne à mi-charge, il est connu de désactiver une partie des chambres de combustion de manière à augmenter la charge unitaire des chambres de combustion restant activées. An engine comprises an engine block defining cylindrical combustion chambers each closed at one end by a movable piston and at the other end to a cylinder head associated with air and fuel intake means and exhaust means burnt gases. The engine further comprises a system for regulating the air flow upstream of the intake means. The efficiency of the internal combustion engines depends in particular on the filling rate of the combustion chambers by air and it is preferable to maintain the engine in the operating zones in which the filling ratio is maximum. Indeed, in the case of a low engine load, the control system passes only the amount of air needed to ensure the engine load. This has the effect of pumping the engine and degrading engine performance. To extend the optimal operating zone, especially when the engine is running at half load, it is known to deactivate part of the combustion chambers so as to increase the unit load of the combustion chambers remaining activated.
La désactivation des chambres de combustion ou déconnexion de cylindres est obtenue une succession d'étapes dont une consiste à neutraliser l'ouverture des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement desdites chambres. The deactivation of the combustion chambers or disconnection of cylinders is obtained a succession of steps, one of which consists in neutralizing the opening of the intake and exhaust valves of said chambers.
Pour cela, il est connu dans les moteurs à arbres à cames en tête d'utiliser un dispositif de déconnexion de soupape comme décrit par le document DE19830168 et illustré en figure 1. Un tel dispositif se compose d'une soupape 1, représentée partiellement, coulissante dans une culasse (non représentée) et maintenue en position stable fermée par un ressort de rappel 2. La soupape 1 permet d'obturer un trou d'admission (ou d'échappement) permettant la circulation des gaz frais (ou gaz brûlés) entre un cylindre situé sous la soupape 1 et les tubulures (non représentées). La tête 3 de la soupape 1 est en contact avec une première extrémité 4 d'un culbuteur 5. Une seconde extrémité 7 du culbuteur 5, comportant une portée concave hémisphérique, repose sur une tête hémisphérique 6 d'une tige 9. La tige 9, sur laquelle appuie une came 10 de l'arbre à cames, coulisse par rapport à la culasse et transmet un mouvement alternatif de la came 10 au
culbuteur 5. Le culbuteur 5 est monté pivotant par rapport à la culasse selon un axe de rotation 12. L'axe de rotation 12 est porté par un arbre de pivotement 14 solidaire d'un excentrique 15 agencé pour pivoter selon un axe d'excentrique 13 par rapport à la culasse. L'excentrique 15 comporte en outre un bras 16 dont une extrémité 17 peut se déplacer entre une position haute et une position basse. En position haute, l'extrémité 17 du bras 16 est retenue par un électroaimant 18 de sorte que l'axe de rotation 12 est dans une première position dans laquelle le culbuteur 5 est connecté à la came 10. Lorsque Γ électroaimant 18 est relâché, l'extrémité 17 du bras 16 est rappelée en position basse par un ressort de traction 20, déplaçant ainsi l'axe de rotation 12 en une deuxième position dans laquelle le culbuteur 5 est déconnecté de la came 10. For this, it is known in the overhead cam motors to use a valve disconnection device as described by document DE19830168 and illustrated in FIG. 1. Such a device consists of a valve 1, shown partially, sliding in a cylinder head (not shown) and held in a stable position closed by a return spring 2. The valve 1 allows to close an intake hole (or exhaust) allowing the circulation of fresh gas (or gas burned) between a cylinder located under the valve 1 and the pipes (not shown). The head 3 of the valve 1 is in contact with a first end 4 of a rocker arm 5. A second end 7 of the rocker arm 5, having a hemispherical concave bearing, rests on a hemispherical head 6 of a rod 9. The rod 9 , on which a camshaft cam 10 is supported, slides with respect to the cylinder head and transmits an alternating movement of the cam 10 to The rocker arm 5 is pivotally mounted relative to the cylinder head along an axis of rotation 12. The axis of rotation 12 is carried by a pivot shaft 14 integral with an eccentric 15 arranged to pivot about an eccentric axis. 13 in relation to the breech. The eccentric 15 further comprises an arm 16, one end 17 of which can move between a high position and a low position. In the high position, the end 17 of the arm 16 is retained by an electromagnet 18 so that the axis of rotation 12 is in a first position in which the rocker arm 5 is connected to the cam 10. When Γ electromagnet 18 is released, the end 17 of the arm 16 is biased downwardly by a tension spring 20, thus displacing the axis of rotation 12 in a second position in which the rocker arm 5 is disconnected from the cam 10.
Pour reconnecter le culbuteur 5 avec la came 10, Γ électroaimant est activé, ce qui entraîne le déplacement de l'extrémité 17 du bras 16 en position haute. To reconnect the rocker arm 5 with the cam 10, the electromagnet is activated, which causes the end 17 of the arm 16 to move to the high position.
Le dispositif selon le document DE19830168 n'est toutefois pas adapté aux moteurs à combustion actuels qui nécessitent des temps de réaction très courts, de l'ordre de 20ms. En effet, pour déconnecter la soupape, l'excentrique 15 déplace la totalité du culbuteur, ce qui entraîne un temps de réaction important du à l'inertie du culbuteur 5. The device according to DE19830168, however, is not suitable for current combustion engines that require very short reaction times, of the order of 20ms. Indeed, to disconnect the valve, the eccentric 15 moves the entire rocker arm, which causes a significant reaction time due to the inertia of the rocker arm 5.
La demande EP 1 154 129 et le brevet US 4 556 025 divulguent un dispositif d'actionnement de soupape comprenant un culbuteur en deux parties connectées sélectivement par un actionneur électromagnétique monté sur la culasse du moteur. EP 1 154 129 and US Patent 4,556,025 disclose a valve actuator comprising a two-part rocker arm selectively connected by an electromagnetic actuator mounted on the engine cylinder head.
La demande DE 10 2007 047169 et les brevets US 5 544 626 et US 6 318 318 divulguent un dispositif d'actionnement de soupape comprenant un linguet, et non un culbuteur. Application DE 10 2007 047169 and US Pat. Nos. 5,544,626 and 6,318,318 disclose a valve actuating device comprising a pawl, and not a rocker arm.
La demande EP 0 342 007 ne divulgue pas un culbuteur en deux parties reposant sur une soupape et sur une came tournante. EP 0 342 007 does not disclose a two-part rocker arm resting on a valve and a rotating cam.
La demande FR 2 882 781 divulgue un culbuteur en trois parties, une partie coopérant avec une tige de soupape, une partie avec une came et une troisième partie étant déplacée par un actionneur fixé sur la culasse pour accoupler ou non la première et la deuxième partie du culbuteur. The application FR 2 882 781 discloses a rocker arm in three parts, a part cooperating with a valve stem, a part with a cam and a third part being moved by an actuator fixed on the cylinder head to couple or not the first and the second part of the tumbler.
Le brevet US 5 107 803 divulgue un dispositif d'actionnement de soupape mettant en œuvre un actionneur hydraulique. US Patent 5,107,803 discloses a valve actuator implementing a hydraulic actuator.
L'invention permet de résoudre, au moins en partie, les problèmes précédents et les inconvénients des dispositifs de l'art antérieur.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'actionnement d'au moins une soupape comportant un support et au moins un culbuteur monté pivotant par rapport au support selon un axe de basculement, le culbuteur ayant une première portion pour reposer sur la soupape et une deuxième portion pour reposer sur une came tournante. Selon l'invention : The invention makes it possible to solve, at least in part, the preceding problems and the disadvantages of the devices of the prior art. For this purpose, the invention relates to a device for actuating at least one valve comprising a support and at least one rocker pivotally mounted relative to the support along a tilting axis, the rocker having a first portion to rest on the valve and a second portion to rest on a rotating cam. According to the invention:
- la première portion comporte un levier de soupape ; the first portion comprises a valve lever;
- la deuxième portion comporte un levier de came, mobile par rapport au levier de soupape ; the second portion comprises a cam lever movable relative to the valve lever;
- le culbuteur comporte des moyens de connexion comprenant un actionneur électromagnétique, agencé pour connecter sélectivement le levier de came avec le levier de soupape afin que, lorsque le levier de came et le levier de soupape sont en une position connectée, la came transmette un mouvement à la soupape, et, lorsque le levier de came et le levier de soupape sont en une position déconnectée, la came ne transmette pas de mouvement à la soupape. the rocker arm comprises connection means comprising an electromagnetic actuator, arranged to selectively connect the cam lever with the valve lever so that, when the cam lever and the valve lever are in a connected position, the cam transmits a movement at the valve, and when the cam lever and the valve lever are in a disconnected position, the cam does not transmit motion to the valve.
Ainsi, l'actionnement des moyens de connexions déconnecte les leviers qui deviennent mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre : lorsque le levier de came et le levier de soupape sont en une position connectée, la came transmet un mouvement à la soupape, et, lorsque le levier de came et le levier de soupape sont en une position déconnectée, la came ne transmet pas de mouvement à la soupape. La déconnexion de la soupape est donc rapide, car seuls sont déplacés une portion du culbuteur et les moyens de connexion. Thus, the actuation of the connection means disconnects the levers which become mobile with respect to one another: when the cam lever and the valve lever are in a connected position, the cam transmits a movement to the valve, and when the cam lever and the valve lever are in a disconnected position, the cam does not transmit motion to the valve. The disconnection of the valve is fast, because only are moved a portion of the rocker arm and the connection means.
Le culbuteur est notamment un basculeur. Le culbuteur peut être monté pivotant sur un point fixe et venir en appui sur la soupape par sa première portion. L'appui sur la soupape et l'appui sur la came peuvent se faire via deux extrémités opposées du culbuteur. Contrairement à ce qui se produirait avec un linguet, la came ne vient pas appuyer sur le culbuteur via une région intermédiaire de ce dernier disposée entre le point fixe, formé par exemple par une butée hydraulique de rattrapage de jeu, et l'appui sur la soupape, mais cet appui de la came se fait dans le cas du culbuteur via une extrémité de ce dernier. The rocker is in particular a rocker. The rocker arm can be pivotally mounted on a fixed point and come to bear on the valve by its first portion. The pressure on the valve and the support on the cam can be done via two opposite ends of the rocker arm. Contrary to what would happen with a pawl, the cam does not press the rocker arm via an intermediate region of the latter arranged between the fixed point, formed for example by a hydraulic catch-up clearance, and the support on the valve, but this support of the cam is in the case of the rocker arm via one end of the latter.
Avantageusement, les moyens de connexion comportent une goupille qui est translatée par l'actionneur électromagnétique entre une position verrouillée dans laquelle la goupille connecte le levier de came avec le levier de soupape et une position déverrouillée dans laquelle le levier de came est déconnecté du levier de soupape.
La goupille est d'une masse réduite et couplée avec un actionneur électromagnétique permet d'avoir des temps de réaction du dispositif très brefs. Advantageously, the connection means comprise a pin which is translated by the electromagnetic actuator between a locked position in which the pin connects the cam lever with the valve lever and an unlocked position in which the cam lever is disconnected from the lever. valve. The pin is of reduced mass and coupled with an electromagnetic actuator allows for very short device reaction times.
L' actionneur électromagnétique peut être exclusivement électromagnétique, c'est-à-dire que le déplacement de la goupille n'est dû qu'à une force magnétique. Des moyens complémentaires à des moyens magnétiques ne sont ainsi avantageusement pas mis en œuvre par l'actionneur électromagnétique. L'actionneur électromagnétique est par exemple différent d'un actionneur mettant en œuvre à la fois des moyens hydrauliques et des moyens magnétiques, comme par exemple décrit dans la demande FR 2 512 493 dans laquelle une vanne est actionnée électromagnétiquement pour permettre à un fluide de déplacer un verrou. The electromagnetic actuator can be exclusively electromagnetic, that is to say that the displacement of the pin is only due to a magnetic force. Means complementary to magnetic means are thus advantageously not implemented by the electromagnetic actuator. The electromagnetic actuator is for example different from an actuator implementing both hydraulic means and magnetic means, as for example described in application FR 2 512 493 in which a valve is electromagnetically actuated to allow a fluid to flow. move a lock.
L'actionneur est de préférence un actionneur linéaire. The actuator is preferably a linear actuator.
La goupille peut être formée par plusieurs pièces rigidement couplées entre elles, par exemple par frettage ou vissage. The pin may be formed by several pieces rigidly coupled together, for example by hooping or screwing.
La goupille peut comprendre une première pièce réalisée dans un matériau ferromagnétique et soumise au champ magnétique généré par l'actionneur, notamment des électro-aimants de l'actionneur. Cette première pièce est par exemple plongée à l'intérieur de l'actionneur et notamment entourée par les électro-aimants. La goupille peut comprendre une deuxième pièce venant connecter le levier de came et le levier de soupape. Cette deuxième pièce peut être réalisée dans un matériau différent de celui utilisé pour la première pièce. La deuxième pièce est avantageusement réalisée en un matériau permettant d'assurer la tenue aux efforts de connexion. The pin may comprise a first part made of a ferromagnetic material and subjected to the magnetic field generated by the actuator, in particular electromagnets of the actuator. This first piece is for example immersed inside the actuator and in particular surrounded by the electromagnets. The pin may include a second piece to connect the cam lever and the valve lever. This second piece may be made of a material different from that used for the first piece. The second piece is advantageously made of a material to ensure the resistance to connection forces.
La première et la deuxième pièce de la goupille peuvent être déplacées toutes deux selon un même mouvement de translation par le champ magnétique généré par l'actionneur, contrairement au système divulgué dans le brevet US 4 556 025 dans lequel l'actionneur déplace une pièce dans laquelle un trou est ménagé et, lorsque ce trou se trouve en regard de la goupille, celle-ci peut venir connecter les deux parties du culbuteur. The first and second parts of the pin can both be displaced in the same translational movement by the magnetic field generated by the actuator, unlike the system disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,556,025 in which the actuator moves a part in a hole is provided and when this hole is opposite the pin, it can come connect the two parts of the rocker arm.
Cette goupille, déplacée en translation par le champ magnétique généré par l'actionneur, peut venir directement au contact du levier de came et du levier de soupape pour connecter ces derniers. This pin, moved in translation by the magnetic field generated by the actuator, can come directly into contact with the cam lever and the valve lever to connect them.
L'actionneur électromagnétique peut n'interagir qu'avec un seul culbuteur, à la différence de ce qui est décrit dans le brevet US 4 556 025 dans lequel un même actionneur interagit avec une pluralité de culbuteurs.
Le culbuteur peut être formé par Γ actionneur électromagnétique, par un premier ensemble rigidement couplé et par un deuxième ensemble rigidement couplé. Ces deux ensembles sont respectivement le levier de came et le levier de soupape. Au sens de la présente demande, « rigidement couplé » est synonyme de solidaire, c'est-à-dire qu'aucun degré de liberté n'existe au sein d'un tel ensemble. The electromagnetic actuator can interact with only one rocker arm, unlike that described in US Patent 4,556,025 in which the same actuator interacts with a plurality of rocker arms. The rocker arm may be formed by an electromagnetic actuator, a first rigidly coupled assembly and a second rigidly coupled assembly. These two sets are respectively the cam lever and the valve lever. For the purposes of the present application, "rigidly coupled" is synonymous with solidarity, that is to say that no degree of freedom exists within such a set.
Les seuls degrés de liberté internes pour le culbuteur (c'est-à-dire entre les éléments formant le culbuteur) peuvent alors être le mouvement du levier de came par rapport au mouvement du levier de soupape lorsque ces leviers ne sont pas connectés et le mouvement de translation de la goupille de Γ actionneur. Contrairement à ce qui est prévu dans la demande FR 2 882 781, aucun ensemble additionnel mettant en contact ou non le levier de came et le levier de soupape pour transmettre le mouvement de la goupille peut être prévu. The only internal degrees of freedom for the rocker arm (ie between the rocker arm members) can then be the movement of the cam lever relative to the movement of the valve lever when these levers are not connected and the translation movement of the actuator pin. Contrary to what is provided in the application FR 2 882 781, no additional assembly placing or not contacting the cam lever and the valve lever to transmit the movement of the pin can be provided.
Lorsque la goupille est dans la configuration dans laquelle le levier de soupape et le levier de came sont connectés, aucun mouvement relatif du levier de came par rapport au levier de soupape peut être possible. When the pin is in the configuration in which the valve lever and the cam lever are connected, no relative movement of the cam lever relative to the valve lever may be possible.
L' actionneur peut être mobile par rapport au support, ce support étant par exemple la culasse du moteur. The actuator may be movable relative to the support, this support being for example the cylinder head of the engine.
L' actionneur électromagnétique peut être rapporté sur le culbuteur. L' actionneur est par exemple embarqué sur l'une des portions du culbuteur, notamment le levier de came. L'actionneur est ainsi monté au plus près des leviers à connecter, ce qui peut garantir en permanence un bon positionnement de l'actionneur par rapport à ces leviers. L'actionneur peut être relié à des systèmes de commande et d'alimentation électrique, par exemple l'unité de contrôle moteur, par une connectique mobile et souple. The electromagnetic actuator can be attached to the rocker arm. The actuator is for example embedded on one of the rocker arm portions, in particular the cam lever. The actuator is thus mounted closer to the levers to be connected, which can permanently ensure proper positioning of the actuator relative to these levers. The actuator can be connected to control and power supply systems, for example the engine control unit, by a mobile and flexible connection.
Le culbuteur peut présenter un plan médian formant un plan de symétrie pour le culbuteur et le mouvement de la goupille pour connecter ou non le levier de came et le levier de soupape peut se faire selon ce plan médian. The rocker arm may have a median plane forming a plane of symmetry for the rocker and the movement of the pin to connect or not the cam lever and the valve lever can be done according to this median plane.
Le dispositif d'actionnement interagit notamment avec une seule came. The actuating device interacts in particular with a single cam.
L'invention a encore pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, un ensemble comprenant le dispositif d'actionnement défini ci-dessus et une unique came apte à interagir avec la deuxième portion du culbuteur. The invention further relates, in another of its aspects, an assembly comprising the actuating device defined above and a single cam adapted to interact with the second portion of the rocker arm.
L'invention pourra être mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre d'exemples non limitatifs de mise en œuvre de celle-ci et à l'examen du dessin
annexé sur lequel: The invention will be better understood on reading the following detailed description of non-limiting examples of implementation thereof and on examining the drawing. annexed in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de déconnexion de soupape selon l'art antérieur ; - Figure 1 is a schematic view of a valve disconnection device according to the prior art;
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de déconnexion de soupape en position connectée selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a valve disconnecting device in the connected position according to a first embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique du dispositif illustré en figure 2 dans une position déconnectée ; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the device illustrated in FIG. 2 in a disconnected position;
- la figure 4 est une vue schématique éclatée du dispositif illustré en figure 2 ; FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of the device illustrated in FIG. 2;
- la figure 5 est une vue de détail du dispositif de verrouillage déjà illustré dans les figures 2 à 4 ; FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the locking device already illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4;
- la figure 6 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de déconnexion de soupape en position connectée selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a connected-position valve disconnection device according to a second embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 7 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de déconnexion de soupape en position connectée selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a connected-position valve disconnection device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
En référence aux figures 2, 3 et 4 représentant un premier mode de réalisation, l'invention comporte un culbuteur 30 pivotant par rapport à un support (non représenté), tel qu'un arbre rapporté sur une culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne. Le culbuteur 30 est en appui par une première portion 31 sur une soupape (non représentée) et par une deuxième portion 32 sur une came (non représentée). Le culbuteur est agencé pour transmettre un mouvement de la came à la soupape. Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 4 showing a first embodiment, the invention comprises a rocker pivoting relative to a support (not shown), such as a shaft attached to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine . The rocker arm 30 is supported by a first portion 31 on a valve (not shown) and a second portion 32 on a cam (not shown). The rocker arm is arranged to transmit a movement of the cam to the valve.
La première portion 31 comporte un levier de soupape 33 dont une première extrémité 33a est articulée par rapport au support selon un axe de basculement X et par rapport à la deuxième portion 32 du culbuteur 30 selon un axe de débrayage Y. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, l'axe de basculement X et l'axe de débrayage Y sont confondus en un même axe. The first portion 31 comprises a valve lever 33 whose first end 33a is hinged relative to the support along a tilting axis X and with respect to the second portion 32 of the rocker arm 30 along a disengagement axis Y. In this first embodiment of FIG. realization, the tilting axis X and the disengagement axis Y are merged into one axis.
Le levier de soupape 33 supporte à une deuxième extrémité 33b une vis de réglage de jeu 34 vissée et bloquée dans le levier de soupape 33 par un contre écrou 35. La vis de réglage de jeu 34 a un axe contenu dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de basculement X et est munie d'un pied d'appui 36 agencé pour permettre au levier de soupape 33 d'appuyer sur la soupape avec un jeu de distribution calibré. The valve lever 33 supports at a second end 33b a set screw 34 screwed and locked in the valve lever 33 by a locknut 35. The clearance adjusting screw 34 has an axis contained in a plane perpendicular to the X tilting axis and is provided with a support foot 36 arranged to allow the valve lever 33 to press the valve with a calibrated distribution set.
La deuxième portion 32 du culbuteur 30 comporte un levier de came 37 articulé autour du levier de soupape 33 à une première extrémité 37a et selon les axes X et Y.
A cet effet, le dispositif comporte une bague 38 (visible sur la figure 4) emmanchée à force dans la première extrémité 33a du levier de soupape 33 de manière à avoir des extrémités s 'étendant en saillie du levier de soupape 33 pour être reçue dans un alésage du levier de came 37 qui coopère avec une surface extérieure 38a de la bague 38 pour former un pivot de débrayage. The second portion 32 of the rocker arm 30 includes a cam lever 37 articulated around the valve lever 33 at a first end 37a and along the X and Y axes. For this purpose, the device comprises a ring 38 (visible in FIG. 4) forcibly fitted into the first end 33a of the valve lever 33 so as to have ends extending projecting from the valve lever 33 so as to be received in a bore of the cam lever 37 which cooperates with an outer surface 38a of the ring 38 to form a disengaging pivot.
De plus, une surface intérieure 38b de la bague est agencée pour recevoir l'arbre formant support de basculement du culbuteur par rapport à la culasse. In addition, an inner surface 38b of the ring is arranged to receive the rocker arm support shaft relative to the cylinder head.
La première extrémité 37a du levier de came 37 est conformée en chape et présente une rainure 40 qui sépare ladite première extrémité en deux flasques 40a et 40b agencés pour entourer la première extrémité du levier de soupape. Ainsi, le levier de soupape 33 est maintenu entre les deux flasques 40a, 40b et ne présente donc plus qu'un seul degré de liberté par rapport au levier de came37, c'est-à-dire une rotation autour de l'axe de débrayage Y. De plus, la rainure 40 et les deux flasques 40a et 40b sont agencés pour limiter le débattement angulaire du levier de soupape 33. The first end 37a of the cam lever 37 is clevis-shaped and has a groove 40 which separates said first end into two flanges 40a and 40b arranged to surround the first end of the valve lever. Thus, the valve lever 33 is maintained between the two flanges 40a, 40b and therefore has only one degree of freedom with respect to the cam lever 37, that is to say a rotation about the axis of In addition, the groove 40 and the two flanges 40a and 40b are arranged to limit the angular displacement of the valve lever 33.
Un rouleau 41 est monté en rotation libre à une deuxième extrémité 37b du levier de came 37. Ledit rouleau 41 est agencé pour être en contact avec la came et transmettre le mouvement de la came au culbuteur 30. A roller 41 is mounted in free rotation at a second end 37b of the cam lever 37. Said roller 41 is arranged to be in contact with the cam and to transmit the movement of the cam to the rocker arm 30.
Ainsi, le culbuteur 30 est divisé en deux leviers 33 et 37 articulés l'un sur l'autre par leur première extrémité (respectivement 33a et 37a). Le culbuteur 30 n'est pas un organe rigide et peut être débrayé. Thus, the rocker 30 is divided into two levers 33 and 37 articulated to one another by their first end (respectively 33a and 37a). The rocker arm 30 is not a rigid member and can be disengaged.
Le culbuteur 30 comporte en outre des moyens de connexion 45, ici portés par le levier de came 37, afin de connecter sélectivement le levier de came 37 avec le levier de soupape 33. Les moyens de connexion 45 comprennent un actionneur électromagnétique 46 fixé au levier de came 37 et une goupille 47, translatée par l'actionneur 46 entre une position déverrouillée dans laquelle la goupille 47 est rentrée dans l'actionneur 46 et une position verrouillée dans laquelle la goupille 47 est sortie de l'actionneur 46 pour s'engager dans un orifice complémentaire 49 aménagé dans le levier de soupape 33. The rocker 30 further includes connection means 45, here carried by the cam lever 37, for selectively connecting the cam lever 37 with the valve lever 33. The connecting means 45 comprises an electromagnetic actuator 46 attached to the lever cam 37 and a pin 47, translated by the actuator 46 between an unlocked position in which the pin 47 is retracted into the actuator 46 and a locked position in which the pin 47 is output from the actuator 46 to engage in a complementary orifice 49 arranged in the valve lever 33.
Avantageusement, l'actionneur 46 et la goupille 47 sont agencés pour être, lorsque le culbuteur 30 est en position connectée, sensiblement parallèles au levier de soupape 33, c'est-à-dire perpendiculaire à l'axe de débrayage Y. Advantageously, the actuator 46 and the pin 47 are arranged to be, when the rocker arm 30 is in the connected position, substantially parallel to the valve lever 33, that is to say perpendicular to the disengagement axis Y.
En position déverrouillée, le levier de came 37 est libre de pivoter. En position verrouillée, le levier de soupape 33 et le levier de came 37 sont solidaires, le culbuteur 30 se
comportant alors comme un organe rigide. In the unlocked position, the cam lever 37 is free to pivot. In the locked position, the valve lever 33 and the cam lever 37 are integral, the rocker arm 30 is then comprising as a rigid organ.
La figure 5 illustre plus particulièrement la disposition des moyens de connexion 45 par rapport au levier de came 37 et au levier de soupape 33 en position connectée. Les parties internes du dispositif, telles la goupille 47 et la première extrémité du levier de soupape 33a, sont représentées en trait mixte. L'actionneur 46 est inséré dans un alésage aménagé dans le levier de came 37 afin que la goupille 47, en position déverrouillée, affleure la première extrémité 33a du levier de soupape 33. Ainsi, la goupille 47 est déplacée sur une faible distance pour atteindre sa position verrouillée. Le temps nécessaire pour connecter le levier de came 37 et le levier de soupape 33 est donc réduit. Figure 5 illustrates more particularly the arrangement of the connection means 45 with respect to the cam lever 37 and the valve lever 33 in the connected position. The internal parts of the device, such as the pin 47 and the first end of the valve lever 33a, are shown in phantom. The actuator 46 is inserted into a bore in the cam lever 37 so that the pin 47, in the unlocked position, is flush with the first end 33a of the valve lever 33. Thus, the pin 47 is moved a short distance to reach its locked position. The time required to connect the cam lever 37 and the valve lever 33 is thus reduced.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif est simple : en position connectée, c'est-à-dire lorsque la goupille 47 est verrouillée dans le levier de soupape 33, le culbuteur 30 transmet les mouvements de la came à la soupape. Pour déconnecter la soupape, il suffit alors de commander l'actionneur 46 pour déverrouiller la goupille 47. Celle-ci est alors translatée dans l'actionneur 46 et le levier de soupape 33 est déconnecté du levier de came 37. Le levier de came 37 est alors libre de pivoter autour de la bague 38. Le levier de came 37 suit ainsi les mouvements de la came, mais ne les transmet pas à la soupape. La soupape est donc déconnectée. The operation of the device is simple: in the connected position, that is to say when the pin 47 is locked in the valve lever 33, the rocker 30 transmits the movements of the cam to the valve. To disconnect the valve, it is then sufficient to control the actuator 46 to unlock the pin 47. This is then translated into the actuator 46 and the valve lever 33 is disconnected from the cam lever 37. The cam lever 37 is then free to rotate around the ring 38. The cam lever 37 thus follows the movements of the cam, but does not transmit them to the valve. The valve is disconnected.
Pour reconnecter la soupape, il suffit de verrouiller la goupille 47 dans l'orifice complémentaire 49 disposé dans le levier de soupape 33 lorsque ledit orifice 49 est aligné avec la goupille 47. Le levier de came 37 est alors connecté au levier de soupape 33 et le culbuteur 30 transmet alors le mouvement de la came à la soupape. L'alignement de la goupille 47 avec son orifice complémentaire 49 se produit lorsque la soupape repose sur son siège et que la came est sur le cercle de base. To reconnect the valve, it is sufficient to lock the pin 47 in the complementary orifice 49 disposed in the valve lever 33 when said orifice 49 is aligned with the pin 47. The cam lever 37 is then connected to the valve lever 33 and the rocker 30 then transmits the movement of the cam to the valve. The alignment of the pin 47 with its complementary orifice 49 occurs when the valve rests on its seat and the cam is on the base circle.
Pour maintenir le contact entre la came et le rouleau 41 lorsque le culbuteur 30 est en position déconnectée, le culbuteur 30 comporte des moyens de rappel 50 du levier de came 37 vers la position connectée. Les moyens de rappel 50, visibles uniquement sur la figure 4, comprennent un ressort de compression 51 inséré dans le levier de soupape 33 et maintenu par un piston 52. Le ressort 51 est agencé pour exercer un effort sur le levier de came 37 afin de rappeler ce dernier vers la position connectée. To maintain contact between the cam and the roller 41 when the rocker arm 30 is in the disconnected position, the rocker arm 30 has return means 50 of the cam lever 37 to the connected position. The return means 50, visible only in FIG. 4, comprise a compression spring 51 inserted into the valve lever 33 and held by a piston 52. The spring 51 is arranged to exert a force on the cam lever 37 in order to call him back to the connected position.
Le ressort de rappel 51 et plus généralement les moyens de rappel 50 sont dimensionnés pour être plus souples que le ressort de soupape afin d'éviter que les efforts engendrés par les moyens de rappel 50 ne puissent déplacer la soupape lorsque le culbuteur
30 est en position déconnectée. The return spring 51 and more generally the return means 50 are sized to be more flexible than the valve spring in order to prevent the forces generated by the return means 50 from moving the valve when the rocker arm 30 is in the disconnected position.
Grâce aux moyens de rappel 50, le culbuteur 30 tend toujours à retrouver sa position connectée. Les moyens de rappel 50 permettent ainsi de maintenir le contact entre le levier de came 37 et la came et entre le levier de soupape 33 et la soupape quelle que soit la position connectée ou déconnectée du culbuteur 30. Grâce à ces moyens de rappel 50, il n'y a pas de jeu entre la soupape et la vis de réglage de jeu 34, ce jeu se répercutant entre la goupille 47 et l'orifice complémentaire 49 ménagé dans le levier de soupape 33 pour recevoir cette goupille 47. Thanks to the return means 50, the rocker 30 always tends to find its connected position. The return means 50 thus make it possible to maintain contact between the cam lever 37 and the cam and between the valve lever 33 and the valve regardless of the connected or disconnected position of the rocker 30. With these return means 50, there is no clearance between the valve and the clearance adjusting screw 34, this clearance echoing between the pin 47 and the complementary orifice 49 formed in the valve lever 33 to receive the pin 47.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation précédemment décrit. Il existe en effet d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention. Parmi ceux-ci, la figure 6 illustre un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. There are indeed other embodiments of the invention. Among these, Figure 6 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention.
Dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, le levier de soupape décrit précédemment se présente sous la forme d'un piston 55 coulissant dans un corps cylindrique 56 porté par le levier de came 37. Le piston 55 comporte une vis de réglage de jeu 34 qui vient en appui sur la soupape. Le piston 55 est agencé pour se déplacer suivant un axe de coulissement sensiblement coaxial avec l'axe de déplacement de la soupape. In this second embodiment, the valve lever described above is in the form of a piston 55 sliding in a cylindrical body 56 carried by the cam lever 37. The piston 55 comprises a clearance adjusting screw 34 which comes resting on the valve. The piston 55 is arranged to move along a sliding axis substantially coaxial with the axis of displacement of the valve.
Le piston 55 peut se déplacer entre une position connectée dans laquelle le culbuteur 30 transmet le mouvement de la came à la soupape et une position déconnectée dans laquelle les moyens de connexions 45 déconnectent le piston 55 du levier de came 37 afin que le culbuteur 30 ne transmette plus le mouvement de la came à la soupape mais uniquement au ressort de compression 57. The piston 55 is movable between a connected position in which the rocker 30 transmits the movement of the cam to the valve and a disconnected position in which the connection means 45 disconnects the piston 55 from the cam lever 37 so that the rocker arm 30 transmits more the movement of the cam to the valve but only to the compression spring 57.
Des moyens de rappel 50, ici un ressort de compression 57, sont disposés dans le cylindre 56 pour ramener le piston 55 vers la position connectée à chaque tour de came. Returning means 50, here a compression spring 57, are arranged in the cylinder 56 to return the piston 55 to the position connected to each cam tower.
Les moyens de connexions 45 sont portés par le levier de came 37 et comportent un actionneur électromagnétique 46 apte à translater la goupille 47 entre une position verrouillée et une position déverrouillée. La goupille est déplacée suivant un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de coulissement. Elle coopère avec une rainure annulaire 58 ménagée dans le piston 55 afin de bloquer son déplacement. The connection means 45 are carried by the cam lever 37 and comprise an electromagnetic actuator 46 adapted to translate the pin 47 between a locked position and an unlocked position. The pin is moved along an axis perpendicular to the sliding axis. It cooperates with an annular groove 58 formed in the piston 55 to block its movement.
Selon la position verrouillée ou déverrouillée de la goupille 47, le piston 55 est respectivement dans une position connectée ou déconnectée, autorisant respectivement le blocage du piston 55 par rapport au levier de came 37 (et donc la transmission du mouvement de la came à la soupape) ou son libre déplacement (et donc la transmission de
mouvement de la came au ressort de rappel 51). According to the locked or unlocked position of the pin 47, the piston 55 is respectively in a connected or disconnected position, respectively allowing the locking of the piston 55 with respect to the cam lever 37 (and thus the transmission of the movement of the cam to the valve ) or its free movement (and therefore the transmission of movement of the cam to the return spring 51).
Ainsi, en commandant la goupille 47, il est possible de connecter ou de déconnecter la soupape. Thus, by controlling the pin 47, it is possible to connect or disconnect the valve.
La figure 7 illustre un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention. Dans ce troisième mode de réalisation, le culbuteur 30 comporte un levier de came 37 et un levier de soupape 33 articulé sur le levier de came 37 suivant un axe de débrayage Y parallèle, mais non confondu avec l'axe de basculement X. Figure 7 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention. In this third embodiment, the rocker arm 30 comprises a cam lever 37 and a valve lever 33 articulated on the cam lever 37 along a parallel Y disengagement axis, but not coinciding with the X tilting axis.
Les moyens de connexion 45 sont portés par le levier de soupape 33 et sont disposés sensiblement à la première extrémité 37a du levier de came 37. Les moyens de connexion 45 comportent un actionneur 46 et une goupille 47 dont l'axe de déplacement est parallèle à l'axe de débrayage. The connection means 45 are carried by the valve lever 33 and are arranged substantially at the first end 37a of the cam lever 37. The connection means 45 comprise an actuator 46 and a pin 47 whose axis of displacement is parallel to the disengagement axis.
A l'instar des premier et deuxième modes de réalisation, lorsque la goupille 47 est déverrouillée, le levier de soupape 33 pivote librement par rapport au levier de came 37, déconnectant ainsi la soupape. Inversement, lorsque la goupille 47 est verrouillée, le levier de came 37 et le levier de soupape 33 sont connectés et le culbuteur 30 transmet le mouvement de la came à la soupape. Like the first and second embodiments, when the pin 47 is unlocked, the valve lever 33 pivots freely with respect to the cam lever 37, thereby disconnecting the valve. Conversely, when the pin 47 is locked, the cam lever 37 and the valve lever 33 are connected and the rocker 30 transmits the movement of the cam to the valve.
L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples donnés précédemment, mais englobe tout mode de réalisation, entrant dans le champ de l'invention telle que définie par les revendications. The invention is not limited to the examples given above, but encompasses any embodiment within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Ainsi, les moyens de rappel 50 peuvent comporter un ressort de torsion dont l'axe de torsion est parallèle ou confondu avec l'axe de débrayage Y. Thus, the return means 50 may comprise a torsion spring whose torsion axis is parallel or coincides with the disengagement axis Y.
Avantageusement, les pièces du dispositif et en particulier les leviers de came et de culbuteur sont fabriqués en acier. Cependant, afin de diminuer l'inertie du culbuteur et donc d'améliorer sa réactivité, des pièces du dispositif peuvent être fabriquées dans un alliage léger, tel l'aluminium. Il est ainsi particulièrement avantageux de réaliser une solution avec la plus faible inertie possible, par exemple le piston 55 illustré dans le deuxième mode de réalisation, en aluminium.
Advantageously, the parts of the device and in particular the cam and tumbler levers are made of steel. However, in order to reduce the inertia of the rocker arm and thus to improve its reactivity, parts of the device can be made of a light alloy, such as aluminum. It is thus particularly advantageous to produce a solution with the lowest possible inertia, for example the piston 55 illustrated in the second embodiment, made of aluminum.
Claims
1. Dispositif d'actionnement d'au moins une soupape comportant un support et au moins un culbuteur (30) monté pivotant par rapport au support selon un axe de basculement (X), le culbuteur ayant une première portion (31) pour reposer sur la soupape et une deuxième portion (32) pour reposer sur une came tournante, dispositif dans lequel: 1. Device for actuating at least one valve comprising a support and at least one rocker arm (30) pivotally mounted relative to the support according to a tilting axis (X), the rocker arm having a first portion (31) for resting on the valve and a second portion (32) for resting on a rotating cam, wherein
la première portion (31) comporte un levier de soupape (33) ; the first portion (31) comprises a valve lever (33);
la deuxième portion (32) comporte un levier de came (37), mobile par rapport au levier de soupape (33) ; the second portion (32) includes a cam lever (37) movable relative to the valve lever (33);
le culbuteur (30) comporte des moyens de connexion (45) comprenant un actionneur électromagnétique (46), agencé pour connecter sélectivement le levier de came (37) avec le levier de soupape (33) afin que lorsque le levier de came (37) et le levier de soupape (33) sont en une position connectée, la came transmette un mouvement à la soupape, et, lorsque le levier de came (37) et le levier de soupape (33) sont en une position déconnectée, la came ne transmette pas de mouvement à la soupape, l'actionneur électromagnétique (46) étant mobile par rapport au support. the rocker arm (30) has connection means (45) comprising an electromagnetic actuator (46) arranged to selectively connect the cam lever (37) with the valve lever (33) so that when the cam lever (37) and the valve lever (33) are in a connected position, the cam transmits motion to the valve, and when the cam lever (37) and the valve lever (33) are in a disconnected position, the cam does not move. transmitting no movement to the valve, the electromagnetic actuator (46) being movable relative to the support.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 dans lequel le levier de soupape (33) est monté pivotant sur le levier de came (37) suivant un axe de débrayage (Y). 2. Device according to claim 1 wherein the valve lever (33) is pivotally mounted on the cam lever (37) along a disengagement axis (Y).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'axe de débrayage (Y) du levier de soupape est parallèle à l'axe de basculement (X) du culbuteur. 3. Device according to claim 2, wherein the axis of disengagement (Y) of the valve lever is parallel to the rocker axis (X) of the rocker arm.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l'axe de débrayage (Y) du levier de soupape est coaxial avec l'axe de basculement (X) du culbuteur. 4. Device according to claim 3, wherein the disengagement axis (Y) of the valve lever is coaxial with the rocker axis (X) of the rocker arm.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, comportant une bague (38), solidaire du levier de soupape (33), agencée pour accueillir à pivotement le levier de came (37) et pour pivoter sur le support. 5. Device according to claim 4, comprising a ring (38), integral with the valve lever (33), arranged to pivotally accommodate the cam lever (37) and to pivot on the support.
6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel les moyens de connexion (45) comportent une goupille (47) qui est translatée par l'actionneur (46) électromagnétique entre une position verrouillée dans laquelle la goupille (47) connecte le levier de came (37) avec le levier de soupape (33) et une position déverrouillée dans laquelle le levier de came (37) est déconnecté du levier de soupape (33). 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connecting means (45) comprise a pin (47) which is translated by the actuator (46) electromagnetic between a locked position in which the pin (47). connects the cam lever (37) with the valve lever (33) and an unlocked position in which the cam lever (37) is disconnected from the valve lever (33).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la goupille (47) comprend une première pièce réalisée dans un matériau ferromagnétique et soumise au champ magnétique généré par l 'actionneur (46) et une deuxième pièce venant connecter le levier de came (37) et le levier de soupape (33) The device of claim 6, wherein the pin (47) comprises a first part made of a ferromagnetic material and subjected to the magnetic field generated by the actuator (46) and a second part connecting the cam lever (37) and the valve lever (33)
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la première et la deuxième pièce de la goupille (47) sont déplacées toutes deux selon un même mouvement de translation par le champ magnétique généré par Γ actionneur (46). 8. Device according to claim 7, wherein the first and the second piece of the pin (47) are both displaced in the same translational movement by the magnetic field generated by the actuator (46).
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel la goupille (47) est translatée suivant un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de débrayage (Y). 9. Device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the pin (47) is translated along an axis perpendicular to the disengagement axis (Y).
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel la goupille est translatée suivant un axe parallèle à l'axe de débrayage (Y). 10. Device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the pin is translated along an axis parallel to the disengagement axis (Y).
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, comportant des moyens de rappel (50) du levier de came (37) vers la position connectée. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising return means (50) of the cam lever (37) to the connected position.
12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 àl l, dans lequel le matériau d'au moins un des leviers de soupape (33) ou de came (37) est de l'acier. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the material of at least one of the valve levers (33) or cam (37) is steel.
13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel l'actionneur électromagnétique est embarqué sur le levier de came (37). 13. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the electromagnetic actuator is embedded on the cam lever (37).
14. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le culbuteur (30) est différent d'un linguet. 14. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rocker arm (30) is different from a pawl.
15. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'actionneur (46) est exclusivement électromagnétique. 15. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuator (46) is exclusively electromagnetic.
16. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes; dans lequel le culbuteur (30) est formé par l'actionneur électromagnétique (46), par un premier ensemble rigidement couplé et un deuxième ensemble rigidement couplé, ces deux ensembles étant respectivement le levier de came (37) et le levier de soupape (33). 16. Device according to any one of the preceding claims; wherein the rocker arm (30) is formed by the electromagnetic actuator (46), a first rigidly coupled assembly and a second rigidly coupled assembly, these two assemblies being respectively the cam lever (37) and the valve lever (33). ).
17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, dans lequel les seuls degrés de liberté internes pour le culbuteur (30) sont le mouvement du levier de came (37) par rapport au mouvement du levier de soupape (33) lorsque ces leviers ne sont pas connectés et le mouvement de translation de la goupille (47) de l'actionneur (46). Device according to claim 16, wherein the only internal degrees of freedom for the rocker arm (30) are the movement of the cam lever (37) with respect to the movement of the valve lever (33) when these levers are not connected. and the translation movement of the pin (47) of the actuator (46).
18. Moteur à combustion interne comportant un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17. 18. Internal combustion engine comprising a device according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1061100 | 2010-12-22 | ||
FR1061100A FR2971012A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | DEBRAYABLE ROCKER FOR VALVE DISCONNECTION. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012085394A1 true WO2012085394A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
Family
ID=44279670
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2011/052977 WO2012085394A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2011-12-14 | Disengageable rocker for disconnecting a valve |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2971012A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012085394A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2995935A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-03-28 | Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas | Assembly for disengageable transmission of movement of cam in car, has mobile unit ready to be moved by cam, and latch moved such that transmission system passes from one configuration to another configuration or reciprocally |
CN104956134A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-09-30 | 法雷奥电机控制***公司 | Valve, particularly an exhaust gas recirculation valve |
US12025036B2 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2024-07-02 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Cylinder deactivation mechanisms for pushrod valve train systems and rocker arms |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11867097B2 (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2024-01-09 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Deactivating rocker arm and capsules |
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FR2995935A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-03-28 | Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas | Assembly for disengageable transmission of movement of cam in car, has mobile unit ready to be moved by cam, and latch moved such that transmission system passes from one configuration to another configuration or reciprocally |
CN104956134A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-09-30 | 法雷奥电机控制***公司 | Valve, particularly an exhaust gas recirculation valve |
US12025036B2 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2024-07-02 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Cylinder deactivation mechanisms for pushrod valve train systems and rocker arms |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2971012A1 (en) | 2012-08-03 |
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