WO2012076154A1 - Façonnage d'un pré-imprégné fibreux - Google Patents

Façonnage d'un pré-imprégné fibreux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012076154A1
WO2012076154A1 PCT/EP2011/006106 EP2011006106W WO2012076154A1 WO 2012076154 A1 WO2012076154 A1 WO 2012076154A1 EP 2011006106 W EP2011006106 W EP 2011006106W WO 2012076154 A1 WO2012076154 A1 WO 2012076154A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
metal
semi
product
finished
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Application number
PCT/EP2011/006106
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Schottdorf
Georg Nagler
Original Assignee
Cgb Carbon Grossbauteile Gmbh
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cgb Carbon Grossbauteile Gmbh filed Critical Cgb Carbon Grossbauteile Gmbh
Publication of WO2012076154A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012076154A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the processing of a fiber composite semifinished product.
  • presses for processing various materials are known. Presses count to so-called forming machines. Presses usually comprise one or more single or multi-part tools. The tools are also referred to as mold halves which move the press toward or away from each other in a rectilinear relative motion.
  • presses can be used to close and hold tools and are then called clamping units.
  • a closing unit in this case is a press operating at an operating point, e.g. in a closed position, a certain time lingers.
  • presses by means of pressing tools carry out various manufacturing processes, e.g. Prototyping, forming, joining, coating, separating and / or modifying
  • EP 1 892 079 A1 describes two components made of a fiber composite material.
  • One of the components consists of a short fiber reinforced layer.
  • the finished component is produced by forming the short fiber reinforced layer. The forming takes place in a hot press or by means of a corresponding positive mold.
  • Easypreg method of Exact Plastics special plastics known. Thereafter, a thermoplastic fiber composite material in roll form is used as the raw material. The raw material can be draped in a form and through
  • FKV fiber-reinforced plastic composite
  • the FKV semi-finished product consists of matrix impregnated carbon or glass fiber mats with a typical fiber length of 25-50 mm.
  • the FRP semi-finished product is first stored for about a so-called. Ripening time of several days at about 30 ° C to 40 ° C, so that increases the viscosity of the matrix in the fiber composite semi-finished waxy to leathery.
  • the FKV semi-finished product is cut to a defined size. After cutting the FKV semi-finished product is placed in a hot mold and pressed at pressures of about 25 to 250 bar. At the same time during pressing, the FKV semi-finished product is cured at temperatures of 140 - 160 ° C. The pressing and hardening process takes about 30 seconds. Subsequently, the finished FRP component is removed from the tool and carefully cooled evenly to prevent microcracks in the FRP component.
  • Fiber composite semi-finished to process with low cost means Fiber composite semi-finished to process with low cost means.
  • the object is achieved by the use of a metal pressing tool and a press for processing a fiber composite semi-finished product according to the independent claims.
  • a fiber composite semi-finished product may preferably be formed as a braid, scrim or knitted fabric of a fiber, in particular an endless fiber.
  • the material of the fiber can be any material of the fiber.
  • a first material for a fiber core with a wrap of a second material include.
  • An advantage of long fibers or continuous fibers compared to short fiber SMCs may be higher stiffness of a fiber composite component made therefrom.
  • SMCs Another advantage over SMCs is that long fiber woven, braided or otherwise, e.g. B. by a winding process, combined fibers to a fiber composite semi-finished can have better drapability than SMCs or Listeturaige
  • Woven, braided or otherwise combined long fibers or continuous fibers can slip little in a metal press tool during pressing and thereby be pressed and hardened defined into a fiber composite product.
  • slippage of the fibers is reduced by precuring the matrix, but this disadvantageously increases the cycle times for the processing of
  • Fiber composite semifinished products are Fiber composite semifinished products.
  • a metal press tool may preferably be applied by means of a press with a closing force of 0-60 tons or of 20-60 tons.
  • the metal pressing tool may be formed in two parts, with its tool halves with a stroke of 0 - 500 mm can be moved relative to each other.
  • the actual application of the metal press tool is usually one
  • Metal pressing tools are widely used and e.g. in the automotive industry
  • a metal pressing tool may preferably be formed as a steel pressing tool.
  • Metal pressing tools can, for example, by means of wegbuler presses with a machine tappet, which are driven via flywheel, such as punching; work-related presses whose working capacity depends on the mass and speed used to process a metal sheet, such as forging; or by means of force-pressing, such as hydraulic presses are operated for deep drawing a metal sheet.
  • the inventive use of the metal pressing tool can be lower
  • Metal pressing tool may be required.
  • the energy consumption of a pressing metal press tool for processing a fiber composite semi-finished product may be lower than in a full load range for processing metal sheets.
  • a metal press tool is used, which is designed as a metal cooling press tool.
  • a metal cooling die may include a cooling device that can cool the metal cooling die.
  • Metal cooling press tools are usually used to further process metal sheets after deep drawing in a deep drawing press. Further processing with the metal cooling press involves pressing the deep-drawn metal sheet into a tool of the same shape. The deep-drawn sheet metal is held in the tool of the metal cooling press with a predetermined pressing force or contact force to cool it substantially without warpage.
  • Such metal cooling press tools are also known as tempering tools.
  • the metal pressing tool can be used to press the metal pressing tool.
  • Reshape fiber composite semi-finished in the metal press tool Reshape fiber composite semi-finished in the metal press tool.
  • the fiber composite semifinished product can be plastically converted into another shape.
  • For forming generally includes rolling, driving, forging, impressions or
  • a metal pressing tool for processing a fiber composite semifinished product may differ from the processing of a metal sheet, inter alia, that the metal sheet is held in the tool substantially, but the fiber composite semi-finished by processing in the
  • Metal press tool can be reshaped.
  • the fiber composite semifinished product can be inserted into the metal pressing tool used and pressed and hardened there.
  • the metal pressing tool can in such a way on the fiber composite semi-finished or on in the
  • Fiber composite semis provided matrix act that hardens the fiber composite semi-finished.
  • the metal pressing tool acts with heat to the
  • the matrix is, for example, an epoxy resin, it can polymerize, ie cure, with the addition of heat (also called heat curing or tempering) and addition of a curing agent, such as, for example, amines.
  • heat also called heat curing or tempering
  • a curing agent such as, for example, amines.
  • the matrix material is also known to comprise duromers such as the epoxy resin or thermoplastics.
  • the fiber composite semifinished product to be processed can comprise carbon.
  • Carbon is known to be a material with high tensile strength (about 3000 - 5000 MPa) with low weight (density about 1.8 g). Fiber composite semi-finished products comprising carbon can thereby also have a high tensile strength at a lower weight compared to semi-finished metal products. In addition, carbon is generally electric
  • the metal pressing tool can be configured as a metal heating press tool.
  • the metal heating press tool may include a heater that can heat the metal heating press tool.
  • the heater may include, for example, an electric and / or fluid heating. This heats the entire metal Kleinpresswerkmaschine or parts thereof.
  • the electric and or fluid heating may be formed as an integral part of the press and / or the metal Schupresswerkmaschines or at least partially connected thereto.
  • the metal pressing tool used can also be designed as a metal cooling press tool.
  • the metal cooling press tool may include a cooling device that can cool the metal cooling press tool attached to the press.
  • the cooling device can comprise, for example, an electric and / or fluid cooling. This cools the entire metal cooling die or parts thereof.
  • the electric and / or fluid cooling may be formed as an integral part of the press or the metal cooling press tool or at least partially connected thereto.
  • the cooling device is normally intended for e.g. cooling metal sheets heated by a deep-drawing process quickly.
  • the metal cooling press tool can counteract or prevent distortions occurring in the metal sheet during cooling.
  • the metal pressing tool or tempering tool can be used for hardening the fiber composite semifinished product, wherein the metal pressing tool is charged with a heating fluid.
  • the metal cooling press tool can be charged with a heating fluid or a heated fluid instead of adefiuid to thereby heat the metal pressing tool and the semifinished fiber.
  • a heating fluid may generally be a means of transporting thermal energy, such as oil (e.g., mineral oil, synthetic oil, biological oil), water, molten salts, liquid metals, or the like, circulating between a heater and the metal press tool.
  • the heating fluid may also be identical to the cooling fluid.
  • the heating fluid may be a heating or heating of the fiber composite semifinished product in the
  • the matrix in the fiber composite semifinished product can also be heated or heated and, for example, by polymerization of a rather (tough) liquid Cure state to a solid state.
  • a rather (tough) liquid Cure state For example, polymers crosslink in an epoxy resin matrix under the influence of temperature (and possibly by adding a hardener) to a thermosetting plastic.
  • the matrix and thus the fiber composite semifinished product can also cure at room temperature.
  • the heating or heating in the metal press tool can contribute to the increase of the clock newspaper in the processing of fiber composite semifinished products, since when heated, the curing proceeds faster than at room temperature.
  • the metal cooling press tool is charged with the heating fluid or with another fluid. The fluid heats or heats the metal cooling die and preferably has a temperature between 90 ° C and 200 ° C.
  • Curing time another temperature range may be necessary for curing.
  • epoxy resin with hardener below 15 ° C hardly or not cure.
  • the curing time for epoxy resin may be 8 to 24 hours, for example at room temperature. Increasing the temperature by 10 ° C may reduce the curing time by about half.
  • the metal pressing tool used may comprise a die and / or male.
  • the matrix also called mother mold or die, preferably forms a negative mold into which a pressed part can be placed.
  • the male, also called father form or punch, preferably forms a positive shape, which can molding into the mold into the die.
  • Such a pressing member may be the fiber composite semi-finished, which is then deformable by means of female and male.
  • the die and / or male can be heated with a fluid, in particular to a temperature between 90 ° C and 200 ° C.
  • An advantage of directly heating the die and / or male is a lower loss of heat transfer as compared to an indirectly heated die and / or male.
  • the die and / or male can also be heated indirectly via a fluid heated press.
  • An advantage of this design is a cost-effective production of the die and male, since these need not have, for example, heating channels or the like.
  • the die and / or the male part may be made of a light metal, in particular aluminum.
  • the die and / or male are made of light metal. Since lightweight metal, such as aluminum, is easier to work with than steel, the matrix and / or the male part can be produced inexpensively.
  • the metal press tool can be subjected to a closing force of less than 60 tons, in particular less than 20 tons. at
  • Semi-finished fiber composite is generally a lower clamping force required for forming than, for example, when forming metal sheets. Also, that can
  • Dead weight of the metal press tool provide a required closing force.
  • a press for processing a fiber composite semifinished product a frame, a movably arranged on the frame tool, which includes a die and a male part, and a heating and cooling device, wherein the tool a
  • the heating and cooling device may comprise, for example, an electric and / or fluid heating or cooling device. This heats or cools the press, parts or the entire metal hot press tool.
  • the electric and / or fluid heating or cooling device may be formed as an integral part of the press and / or the metal Schupresswerkmaschines or at least partially connected thereto.
  • the tool may also be a temper metal tool.
  • the press can reshape the fiber composite semifinished product by means of die and male.
  • the heating device can heat the die and / or the male part.
  • the die and / or male can be heated with a fluid
  • An advantage of direct heating of the die and / or male is a low loss of heat transfer compared to indirectly heated die and / or male.
  • the heating device can heat the press.
  • the die and the male part can be designed such that they transform and / or cure a fiber composite semifinished product.
  • the fiber composite semifinished product can be plastically converted into another shape.
  • the press according to the invention can act in such a way on the fiber composite semifinished product or on a matrix provided in the fiber composite semifinished product that cures the fiber composite semifinished product.
  • the metal pressing tool acts with heat to the
  • the matrix is, for example, an epoxy resin, it can polymerize, ie cure, with the addition of heat (also called heat curing or tempering) and addition of a hardener, such as amines.
  • Fig. 1 shows a system for producing a fiber product
  • Fig. 2a a further processed semi-finished fiber
  • Fig. 2b shows an element for producing a semi-finished fiber product
  • FIG. 3b shows a method for producing a semifinished fiber product
  • Fig. 4a shows another element for producing a semi-finished fiber product
  • 5a shows a metal press tool for processing a fiber composite semifinished product
  • Fig. 5c an inventive use of a metal pressing tool
  • an element for producing a semi-finished fiber product comprises an envelope surface which defines the element and on which the semi-finished fiber product can be formed.
  • the envelope surface is a function of the surface content of a further processed
  • the element may be formed as a core, a winding core, a master mold and the like.
  • the element can be designed as a coiling cylinder, cone, truncated cone, paraboloid or body with other suitable geometries. Also composed of bodies, such as cylinders with attached cone, hourglass-like double cone, cone-cylinder cone, etc. are included.
  • the element forms with
  • Undercut is generally a profile, relief or other protruding form. Undercuts in semifinished or further processed semifinished fiber products can practically not be realized with a common fiber winding process and removable hubs. The winding core would be blocked by the undercut and could not be removed from the semi-finished fiber. However, the element preferably does not have to be pulled out of the semi-finished fiber, so that
  • envelope surface means a surface which encloses, surrounds or surrounds the volume of the element.
  • the envelope surface is not limited to an area that is covered by something.
  • the envelope surface can also generally be a surface or the sum of a number of surfaces surrounding an arbitrarily shaped volume.
  • the formation of the semifinished fiber article on the envelope surface preferably comprises a winding, covering, covering or the like of the envelope surface with a fiber, with a fiber roving, a sliver or with a similar elongate, thin, flexible and tensile fiber material.
  • the fiber may be formed as an endless fiber. Alternatively, however, the fiber may also comprise a plurality of short or long individual fibers or fiber bundles.
  • the envelope surface of the element can be formed coextensive with the surface content.
  • the envelope surface may be formed approximately coextensive with the surface content, i. 80% to 99% surface equality.
  • the material of the fiber may comprise, for example, the following materials: carbon, carbon, ceramic, boron carbide, quartz glass, silicon, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide,
  • the trained semi-finished fiber is preferably a knitted fabric, mesh or scrim
  • the fiber composite semifinished product is preferably not a hollow body, such as is produced in a known hub process.
  • the semi-finished fiber product may also comprise a matrix.
  • the fabric of the matrix preferably comprises thermosets, such as epoxy resin, or thermoplastics. For thermally highly loaded fiber products can be used for the matrix on ceramic.
  • the matrix preferably serves as an adhesive between adjacent portions of the fiber, but is not limited to the action of an adhesive.
  • the fiber and a non-cured matrix together preferably form a fiber composite semifinished product,
  • Semi-finished fiber or the like Even in the cured state, the matrix and the fiber can be understood together as semi-finished fiber, namely in particular when the semifinished fiber is further processed into a further semi-finished or finished product.
  • Further processing of the semifinished fiber product may include shape, condition (e.g., cure), and dimensional change.
  • the semi-finished fiber can be compressed in certain sections, stretched in others.
  • the upsetting or stretching can lead to a change in the surface content of the further processed semifinished fiber compared to a trained semi-finished fiber product.
  • the individual fibers or the endless fiber can be arranged side by side lying on the envelope surface.
  • the fiber can be arranged in the form of a yarn package in superimposed layers.
  • the envelope surface can also be imaged depending on the surface content of the further processed semifinished fiber product.
  • the mapping in this case means a mathematical relationship between the surface content and the envelope surface.
  • the avoidance or reduction of fiber cutting can advantageously be achieved with the element in that the envelope surface of the element is formed as a function of the surface content of the further processed semi-finished fiber product. If, for example, the surface content in the further processing of the semifinished fiber product would be e.g. By upsetting or stretching to change so that it is too large (or too small) for a fiber product, the envelope surface of the element can be adjusted by the dependence already in advance. By less or no accruing
  • the semi-finished fiber can be made cheaper.
  • the envelope surface may be a rotationally symmetrical lateral surface about a longitudinal axis of the element.
  • the rotationally symmetrical lateral surface preferably forms a special case of the envelope surface.
  • Lathes are usually simply constructed 2-dimensional processing machines and therefore built less expensive than 3-, 4- or 5-axis milling machines. Also the ratio of
  • Working space and processing machine price can be cheaper for lathes, so that the element with a lathe is cheaper to produce.
  • Such a lateral surface preferably additionally comprises a bottom and / or cover surface of the element enclosed by the lateral surface.
  • the envelope surface or the lateral surface can be smooth, guide grooves, one
  • a rough surface or guide grooves may be advantageous for winding with a fiber to prevent slippage of the fiber on the element.
  • the envelope surface of the element can be formed as a function of the edge shape of the further processed semi-finished fiber product.
  • the edge shape, or the edge can be used as a limitation of the surface content of the
  • a rectangular edge shape during imaging leads to a cylindrical envelope surface of the element.
  • a trapezoidal edge shape of the semifinished fiber product present in the further processed state leads to a frustum-shaped envelope surface of the element.
  • a further processed semi-finished fiber which corresponds to simple geometric shapes, such as rectangle, square, triangle, trapezoid, so can advantageously fast and simply an envelope surface depending on the surface content and / or the edge shape of the further processed semi-finished fiber products are formed.
  • the dependence corresponds in this case to a winding of the simple geometric shape to a closed surface, namely the envelope surface.
  • a tubular envelope surface may be formed, which comprises a lid and / or bottom.
  • shell circumferences at intervals along the longitudinal axis of the element may correspond to semi-finished fiber model transverse lengths at the same distances along a longitudinal axis of a semi-finished fiber model
  • the semifinished fiber model may e.g. be present as a prototype or created.
  • the semifinished fiber model is made of an easily modelable material, such as wood, clay, plastic, etc.
  • the longitudinal axes of the element and the semifinished fiber model are fixed. The fixing of the longitudinal axis preferably takes place before the production of the element and before the production of the semi-finished fiber model, e.g. also in a technical drawing.
  • the longitudinal axes serve advantageously as a common reference line for the distances. If a longitudinal axis is defined in the semi-finished fiber model, then a semifinished fiber model transverse length can correspond to the length of a perpendicular to this longitudinal axis, whereby the semi-finished fiber model transverse length is limited by the edge of the semifinished fiber model.
  • a reference point can be defined, wherein points on the semi-finished fiber product or semifinished fiber model or the element are determined by means of vectors with respect to the reference point.
  • vector transformation By means of a vector transformation, the surface content and / or the edge shape of the further processed semi-finished fiber product can be imaged onto the element.
  • a semi-finished fiber model is that the surface content and / or the edge shape of the further processed semifinished fiber can be reproduced exactly or at least approximately on the envelope surface of the element, without having to use a computer model of the semi-finished fiber as the starting point.
  • the semi-finished fiber model can also be a computer model, ie a virtual model.
  • An advantage of the computer model is that no prototype or the like can be made as a semifinished fiber model so that the cost of producing the element can be reduced.
  • the distances in regions of a curvature of the further processed semifinished fiber product or of the semi-finished fiber model may be small and large in linear regions of the further processed semifinished fiber product.
  • the curvatures can be present at the edges of the further processed semifinished fiber product.
  • the curvatures may also include bulges in the surface of the further processed semi-finished fiber product.
  • a linear region may include planes or even, flat surfaces, but also areas with a small curvature.
  • a distance defined by the beginning and end of the linear region is sufficient to image the linear region onto the envelope surface of the element.
  • Semi-finished fiber can match.
  • An advantage of the more precise correspondence of the surfaces can lie in less to no accumulating waste on the semi-finished fiber product.
  • a method for producing an element for producing a semi-finished fiber product comprises imaging a surface content of a
  • the imaging may also include forming. If the semi-finished fiber product is formed on the envelope surface and not further processed, then the surface content of the semifinished fiber product can essentially correspond to the surface content of the envelope surface. If the semifinished fiber product is further processed, the surface content of the semifinished fiber product may thereby change at least in sections. For example, if the semi-finished fiber product is pressed or otherwise shaped, the semifinished fiber product can be compressed or stretched so that the surface content changes.
  • the envelope surface can be imaged as a rotationally symmetrical lateral surface.
  • the surface content of the further processed chaff can be mapped mathematically on the rotationally symmetrical lateral surface. This may in this case be a winding, i. be a reverse process.
  • the envelope surface can be imaged as a function of the edge shape of the further processed semi-finished fiber product. Is, for example, a
  • the dependency may in this case comprise a winding of the simple geometric shape into a closed surface, namely the envelope surface.
  • a tubular envelope surface may be formed, which comprises a lid and / or bottom.
  • Semi-finished fiber can be imaged in the same area on the envelope surface. Imaging can also include a simple, in particular mechanical, copying the surfaces of a further processed semifinished fiber product.
  • the shape of the further processed semifinished fiber product can be determined, distances can be determined along a longitudinal axis of the further processed semifinished fiber product, semifinished fiber transverse lengths are determined in the distances, and Semifinished fiber cross-sections can be imaged on shell peripheries of the element at intervals along a longitudinal axis of the element.
  • the longitudinal axes are determined along the element or along the further processed semi-finished fiber product.
  • the setting can be made using a technical drawing.
  • the determination of the shape also means a predefinition or definition of the shape, in particular of the surface content and the edge shape of the further processed
  • Semifinished fiber The determination or definition of the shape can be carried out on the basis of a simple technical drawing.
  • the setting of the distances can be done for example by drawing.
  • the determination of the semi-finished fiber transverse lengths can be done by means of a length measuring means.
  • the mapping of the semifinished fiber cross-sections means
  • a measured fiber semi-finished transverse length can be just as long as the corresponding shell circumference.
  • a comutrogram product for creating an element model comprises a function for mapping a surface content of a semifinished fiber model onto an envelope surface defining the element model.
  • Computer program product preferably includes a CAD (Computer Aided Design) program and a CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) program.
  • CAD in this case means a computer-aided design of the element model and / or the semi-finished fiber model.
  • the surface content of the semi-finished fiber model can be mapped by a mathematical function on the envelope surface of the element model.
  • CAM Computer-aided Manufacturing
  • the computer-aided creation of the element model can make the manufacturing process for an item fast, repeatable, reliable, and accurate.
  • an apparatus for producing a semi-finished fiber product comprises an element with a longitudinal axis, a Faserablege shark which arranges a fiber on the element at a defined first angle to the longitudinal axis to form the semifinished fiber, further processing means for further processing the semifinished fiber into a fiber product, wherein the defined first angle is determined as a function of a second angle of the fiber in the fiber product with respect to a longitudinal axis of the fiber product.
  • a fiber depositing means may comprise any means which can arrange a fiber on the element, e.g. a guide eye, a robot arm and the like.
  • a cutting device can be provided to separate the semi-finished fiber formed on the element and remove it from the element. The split
  • Semi-finished fiber can also fall down automatically from the element.
  • the further processing device can the semi-finished fiber to another
  • Semi-finished fiber product Semi-finished fiber product, semi-finished fiber product, to further process a fiber product or a fiber end product.
  • an advantage of the dependence of the defined first angle on the second angle is that a fiber orientation or fiber direction desired in a fiber product is already taken into account when the semifinished fiber product is formed on the element.
  • the fiber orientation after further processing can correspond to the desired fiber orientation in the fiber product.
  • a desired fiber orientation in the fiber product further allows one
  • the Faserablege beautiful can arrange the fiber at least partially geodetic on the element.
  • Geodetic generally means the theoretically shortest connection between two points on a curved surface, the so-called geodesic line.
  • a geodesic compound for example, a circular arc.
  • To arrange the fiber geodetically on the element essentially means to arrange the fiber on the shortest path between two points on the element.
  • An advantage of geodetic placement may be that the fiber thereby slips less on the element.
  • the fiber may be arranged on the sections of the element geodesically and on other sections at the defined first angle, e.g. to improve the tensile strength of the semifinished fiber in this orientation.
  • Sections may in this case include portions of the fiber or layers of superimposed fibers.
  • the Faserablege at least one of
  • One degree of freedom generally corresponds to the number of movement possibilities of two objects to each other, for. B. a rotation of Faserablege adopted to the element or a translation of Faserablag issued along the element.
  • the Faserablege beautiful can arrange the fiber sections on the element at a defined angle to the longitudinal axis of the element
  • the element may be rotatable about its longitudinal axis and the Faserablege beautiful may be movable parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the semifinished fiber can be produced inexpensively, since only a frame for receiving the element, a rotary drive for rotating the element and a mounted on a rail Faserablege beautiful may be required with a linear drive.
  • the further processing device can be a
  • Cutting device and / or include a press.
  • a cutting device is, for example, a knife, a pair of scissors or the like, which can be used to guide the semi-finished fiber product formed on the element along the
  • the semifinished fiber product may fall off the element after the cut.
  • Semi-finished fiber products are removed from the element and fed to a press.
  • the semifinished fiber can be shaped and cured according to a pressing punch, a die or male.
  • a method for producing a semi-finished fiber product may comprise the steps of defining a first angle of a fiber with respect to a longitudinal axis of the semifinished fiber, defining a second angle as a function of the defined first angle and arranging the fiber on the element to form the semifinished fiber at the second angle with respect to a longitudinal axis of the element.
  • the orientation of fibers in a semi-finished fiber can affect the tensile strength or resilience of the semi-finished fiber in certain directions.
  • An advantage of the method for producing the semifinished fiber product may be to improve the accuracy of the orientation of the fibers in the semifinished fiber product.
  • a matrix may be supplied during or prior to the placement of the fiber on the element.
  • An advantage of feeding the matrix during the placement of the fiber on the element may be that more time remains to cure or partially cure the matrix.
  • An advantage of feeding a matrix prior to placing the fiber on the element may be that the fiber is better impregnated with the matrix so that less air pockets are formed in the semifinished fiber product.
  • the supply of a matrix from the semifinished fiber product may result in a fiber composite semifinished product.
  • a first angle of a fiber with respect to the longitudinal axis may be determined in sections.
  • the fiber may be arranged on the element at the second angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the element in sections.
  • a fiber passes over several sections, each with a defined angle around the element. This fiber guide can the tensile strength or
  • the fiber may be arranged at least in sections geodetically on the element. As a result, the fiber slips on the element in the
  • the semi-finished fiber formed on the element in particular along the longitudinal axis of the element, be cut open and removed from the element.
  • the semi-finished fiber can be cut both parallel to the longitudinal axis of the element as well as at a certain angle thereto. To a certain edge shape of the
  • semifinished fiber can be cut in a defined curve.
  • the semi-finished fiber product can be pressed into a further processed semi-finished fiber product and / or into a fiber product.
  • the pressing comprises forming the semifinished fiber product from a flat to a three-dimensional shape.
  • the pressing of the semifinished fiber product also includes hardening of the semifinished fiber product to form a fiber product or to a fiber composite semifinished product or another semifinished fiber product.
  • a plurality of fiber products can be glued together.
  • fiber product with semi-finished fiber product fiber product with
  • Semi-finished fiber composite, fiber composite semi-finished with fiber composite semi-finished, semi-finished fiber with semi-finished fiber and the like are glued together.
  • the fiber products are provided with a release agent prior to pressing.
  • the release agent can take out, molding, forming or pressing the release agent
  • the laser ablation involves evaporation or burning of the release agent.
  • the fiber product is applied to the eroded portion with an adhesive, e.g. Adhesive, provided and bonded to another fiber product.
  • an adhesive e.g. Adhesive
  • a system for producing a fiber product comprises an imaging unit for imaging the surface content of a semifinished fiber model onto an enveloping surface of a winding core to be produced, a manufacturing unit for producing the winding core from the enveloping surface, a winding unit for winding the enveloping surface of the winding core with a fiber having one defined angle to a semi-finished fiber
  • a cutting unit which cuts the semifinished fiber product along the winding core
  • a release agent unit which provides the cut semi-finished fiber product with release agent
  • a pressing unit which provides the release-treated semi-finished fiber to a
  • Fiber product forms and cures, and a laser unit which ablates the release agent from the fiber product.
  • the semifinished fiber product may drop after cutting itself from the winding core or removed from a pickup and fed to the release agent unit.
  • an imaging unit comprises a computer or simulation computer.
  • the imaging unit may also include a mechanical copying device, marking dots and measuring tape, etc.
  • the manufacturing unit preferably comprises a CNC-controlled milling machine or lathe.
  • the pressing unit preferably comprises a mechanical press.
  • the laser unit preferably comprises a device for generating a high-energy radiation.
  • the fiber may be impregnated with a matrix. If the fiber is matrix-impregnated, a fiber composite semi-finished product can be produced on the winding core.
  • the Semi-finished fiber composite can thus be more dimensionally stable than the semi-finished fiber, in which only fiber is above fiber.
  • the fabric of the matrix preferably comprises thermosets, such as epoxy resin, or thermoplastics.
  • thermosets such as epoxy resin, or thermoplastics.
  • ceramic can be used for the matrix.
  • a connection unit can provide and connect together a plurality of fiber products and / or semi-finished fiber products with an adhesive.
  • the adhesive preferably comprises a matrix material. But also suitable adhesives can be used.
  • Fig. 1 shows a system 100 for producing a fiber product or a
  • Fiber composite product 104 According to the system 100, an element model 102, also called a hub model, is first created virtually with a computer. Alternatively, this model can also be created manually. The element model 102 is based in his
  • the element model 102 is an illustration of the
  • the element model 102 serves as a measure to produce on the basis of this data, for example by means of a CNC-controlled lathe 106 of a material, an element, also called winding core.
  • the material of the winding core may comprise metals, such as aluminum or steel, and be present for example as a block or in any other suitable geometries from which the winding core is machined out.
  • the finished winding core is rotatably mounted and driven by a rotary drive (not shown).
  • a Faserim Weggnier- and storage device 108 impregnated or soaked a carbon fiber, for example, with epoxy resin, also called matrix.
  • the rotating element is wound by the fiber impregnation and leveling device 108 with the impregnated carbon fiber.
  • the Faserim Weggnier- and Laying device 108 moves with a certain feed along the
  • a cutting device 1 10 cuts the finished fiber composite semifinished product in a section along the winding core, so that a mat-like or flat
  • the mat-like fiber composite semi-finished product arises.
  • the mat-like fiber composite semi-finished product is removed from the winding core, provided with a release agent and placed in a press 112.
  • the mat-like fiber composite semifinished product is pressed into a specific shape by means of a die and male part, heated and cured at the same time, so that a fiber composite product 104 is formed.
  • the release agent on the fiber composite semifinished product facilitates the molding and demolding from the press 112.
  • the fiber composite product 104 is
  • the laser 1 14 places it in areas, which subsequently with one or more others
  • Components are to be bonded, the fiber up to a predetermined depth freely.
  • Laser 114 burns epoxy resin and release agent.
  • the fiber composite product 104 is provided at the exposed areas with adhesive and with one or more other components, e.g. another one
  • the element can also be made by directly measuring a fiber composite product prototype and transferring the dimensions to the element.
  • the mechanical or virtual transfer of dimensions of the fiber composite product from a technical drawing on the element is possible.
  • An area is cut into planes parallel to each other.
  • the resulting intersection lines are converted into circles whose extents correspond to the length of the respective intersection lines.
  • the centers of all resulting circles are arranged on a straight line such that the circle planes are aligned parallel to one another and the distance of the center points corresponds to the distance of the cutting planes of the original surface.
  • 2a shows a further processed semifinished fiber product or a semi-finished fiber composite, for example a carbon fiber reinforced plastic, from which a B pillar 200 is formed for a BCraft vehicle.
  • the B-pillar 200 is shown in plan view and has a longitudinal axis 202.
  • the B-pillar 200 tapers trapezoidal from bottom to top. At the lower and upper end, the B-pillar 200 is equipped with flange areas.
  • Flange areas may e.g. attached to the top of the roof and at the bottom of the vehicle frame.
  • the B-pillar 200 In the upper and lower regions 204, the B-pillar 200 is strongly arched or curved. In the middle region 206, the B-pillar is slightly curved, less than in the region 204 and designed almost linear.
  • Fig. 2a distances are determined along the longitudinal axis 202 depending on the curvatures.
  • small distances 208 are set.
  • larger distances 210 are set compared to the distances 208.
  • cutting lengths Ii, I 2 to I n of the B-pillar 200 are measured.
  • Fig. 2b shows a winding core 212 as an element for producing a semi-finished fiber product.
  • the winding core 212 is initially present, for example, as a cylindrical rod material (not shown) and is, for example, by means of a lathe according to the
  • Circumscircuits ui, u 2 to u n produced.
  • the winding core 212 has a longitudinal axis 214, which forms a central axis for the circumference ⁇ , u 2 to u ".
  • the circles are also arranged at the same distances 208, 210, respectively, as defined in the B-pillar 200.
  • the surface content and the edge shape of the B pillar 200 are reproduced on the winding core in reasonable accuracy with little effort, that is to say inexpensively. This eliminates any waste because the B-pillar 200 and the hub 212 are the same area.
  • the fiber semifinished product 300 has a plurality of carbon fibers 302, 304, 306 and 308 which are arranged crosswise in a cross-shaped manner by a fiber depositing device (not shown). Furthermore, the semi-finished fiber 300 comprises a longitudinal axis 310. The carbon fibers 302 and 304 close to one another Semi-finished fiber angle 312. The carbon fiber 302 and the longitudinal axis 310 enclose a further fiber semifinished product angle 314, also called a defined angle.
  • the orientation of the fibers 302, 304, 306 and 308 defines the angles, so that a high tensile load of the further processed semi-finished fiber 300 in the directions 316 may be allowed.
  • the directions 316 correspond to the longitudinal directions of the fibers 302, 304, 306 and 308.
  • the further processed semi-finished fiber 300 is produced by means of an element or winding core 318.
  • the element 318 may be made virtually or manually according to the technique illustrated in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • the winding core 318 in FIG. 3b has an axis of rotation 320. On the winding core 318 several sections of a single continuous fiber 322 are visible.
  • the endless fiber 322 is arranged in several turns on the winding core 318.
  • the individual fibers 302, 304, 306, and 308 correspond to portions of the continuous filament 322.
  • the filament 322 includes a mandrel angle 324 with the longitudinal axis 320 of the mandrel 318, also called a second angle.
  • continuous filament 322 includes another mandrel angle 326 with itself.
  • the further processing of the semifinished fiber product comprises a forming and / or hardening. During forming certain areas of the semifinished fiber product are warped, compressed or stretched. By further processing the semifinished fiber product, a further processed semifinished fiber product such as the further processed semifinished fiber product 300 can be produced.
  • the fiber semifinished product angles 312 and 314 of the further processed semifinished fiber product 300 are imaged onto the winding core angles 324 and 326 before production of the semifinished fiber product which form the fiber semifinished product angles 312, 314 from the angles 324, 326 after the cutting, removal and further processing of the semifinished fiber product.
  • the mapping of the angles can be done by the following steps:
  • step 6 start again at step 1 and adjust the winding core angle 324 such that the deviation in step 5 becomes smaller
  • FIG. 4 a shows a winding core 400 with a longitudinal axis 402.
  • a carbon fiber 404 is arranged on the winding core 400.
  • the winding core is substantially frusto-conical and has a circumference 410 at a distance 408 from the left side.
  • FIG. 4 b shows a boat hull 412 with a longitudinal axis 414.
  • the hull 412 is formed from a fiber composite semifinished product mat that was previously formed on the winding core 400.
  • the carbon fiber 404 on the winding core 400 corresponds to the carbon fiber 416 in the boat hull 412.
  • the carbon fiber 416 runs in the hull 400 from the nose 418 to the stern lower 420 to provide high tensile strength of the boat hull 412
  • a fuselage cross-section line 424 is defined in FIG. 4b.
  • the distance 422 corresponds to the distance 408 and the length of
  • Hull cross-section line 424 corresponds to circumference 410.
  • the winding core 400 is formed coextensive with the hull 412. Is on the winding core 400 a
  • FIGs 5a and 5b show a steel die 500 having a die 502 and a male 504 that are capable of moving toward and away from each other.
  • the die 502 is attached to a terminal plate 506.
  • the male 504 is attached to a terminal plate 508.
  • the terminal plates 506 and 508 are components of a C-shaped hydraulic press (not shown). Alternatively, the terminal plates 506 and 508 may be integrally formed with the die 502 and the male 504.
  • FIG. 5 a shows cooling channels converted into heating channels 510, which lead through the connection plates 506 and 508.
  • An advantage of this design is that the steel press tool can be easily and inexpensively manufactured without additional heating or cooling channels.
  • Another advantage of this design is that cooling channels are converted into heating channels 510. The actual cooling press is thus used as a heating press. The die 502 and male 504 are doing by the
  • Sub-plates 506 and 508 indirectly heated.
  • the indirectly heated die 502 and the indirectly heated male mold 504 can be used to simultaneously shape and harden a semi-finished fiber composite pressed in the steel press tool.
  • Fiber composite semi-finished product (not shown) between the die 502 and male 504 inserted.
  • the die 502 then moves toward the male 504 so far that a
  • predetermined pressure on the fiber composite semi-finished works.
  • the predetermined pressure is held for a certain time, for example ten minutes.
  • the fiber composite part is heated or heated so much over the heated die 502 and heated male 504 that the semi-finished fiber composite hardens.
  • the die 502 is moved away from the male 504 so that the reshaped and cured fiber composite semi-finished product can be removed.
  • the cooling channels converted into heating channels 510 pass through the die 502 and the male 504.
  • An advantage of this design is that the die 502 and the male 504 can be heated directly without great heat conduction losses.
  • 5c shows the female mold 502 or male mold 504 or connecting plate 506 or
  • Connection plate 508 in a plan view. Several of the concealed cooling channels 510 are visible. To the cooling channels 510 and away therefrom run several pieces of pipe 512. The pipe sections 512 and cooling channels 510 are charged with a heating fluid to the die 502, or male 504 or terminal plate 506 or
  • Heating connection plate 508 As a heating fluid, for example, water, oil or similar suitable substances can be used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une presse (12) pour façonner un pré-imprégné fibreux (200, 300) et l'utilisation d'un outil de presse à métaux (500).
PCT/EP2011/006106 2010-12-07 2011-12-06 Façonnage d'un pré-imprégné fibreux WO2012076154A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102010053636A DE102010053636A1 (de) 2010-12-07 2010-12-07 Verarbeitung eines Faserverbundhalbzeugs
DE102010053636.9 2010-12-07

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US9429202B2 (en) 2012-05-02 2016-08-30 Intellectuall Property Holdings LLC Ceramic preform and method
US9714686B2 (en) 2014-10-20 2017-07-25 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Ceramic preform and method
US10357846B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2019-07-23 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Metal matrix composite vehicle component and method
US10830296B2 (en) 2017-04-21 2020-11-10 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Ceramic preform and method
US11338360B2 (en) 2016-02-04 2022-05-24 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Device and method for forming a metal matrix composite vehicle component

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DE102013223519A1 (de) * 2013-11-19 2015-05-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Faserkunststoffverbundbauteil und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Faserkunststoffverbundbauteils, insbesondere eines Karosseriebauteils für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102021200772A1 (de) 2021-01-28 2022-07-28 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff

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US9429202B2 (en) 2012-05-02 2016-08-30 Intellectuall Property Holdings LLC Ceramic preform and method
US9840030B2 (en) 2012-05-02 2017-12-12 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Ceramic preform and method
US9714686B2 (en) 2014-10-20 2017-07-25 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Ceramic preform and method
US10357846B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2019-07-23 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Metal matrix composite vehicle component and method
US11338360B2 (en) 2016-02-04 2022-05-24 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Device and method for forming a metal matrix composite vehicle component
US10830296B2 (en) 2017-04-21 2020-11-10 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Ceramic preform and method

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