WO2012059615A1 - Método para determinar la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno en una población celular - Google Patents
Método para determinar la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno en una población celular Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012059615A1 WO2012059615A1 PCT/ES2011/070756 ES2011070756W WO2012059615A1 WO 2012059615 A1 WO2012059615 A1 WO 2012059615A1 ES 2011070756 W ES2011070756 W ES 2011070756W WO 2012059615 A1 WO2012059615 A1 WO 2012059615A1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5091—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing the pathological state of an organism
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/26—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving oxidoreductase
- C12Q1/32—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving oxidoreductase involving dehydrogenase
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/502—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing non-proliferative effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2500/00—Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value
- G01N2500/10—Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value involving cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/36—Gynecology or obstetrics
- G01N2800/367—Infertility, e.g. sperm disorder, ovulatory dysfunction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/70—Mechanisms involved in disease identification
- G01N2800/7004—Stress
- G01N2800/7009—Oxidative stress
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining the production of reactive oxygen species in a cell population. Also, the invention relates to a method for determining the need for an antioxidant therapy of a male subject and a method for identifying a substance capable of decreasing the reactive oxygen species present in a cell population.
- Fertility is defined as the ability of living beings to reproduce. Based on this concept, it is assumed that sterility is the loss of this capacity and it is estimated that it affects 15% of couples of reproductive age. Approximately, in half of the cases the male factor is present: in 20% it is exclusively male, 38% is predominantly female, and in another 27% it is considered mixed while in the remaining 15% there is no specific cause , these cases being classified as infertility of unknown or idiopathic origin. According to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (The practice committee of The American Society for Reproductive Medicine, 2006) infertility is considered a pathology as long as the couple fails to conceive in a minimum period of 12 months. Despite this, between 20% - 30% manage to have offspring exceeded this time.
- sperm DNA fragmentation For the diagnosis of male infertility, in addition to the main parameters that are determined in the seminogram (concentration, mobility and sperm morphology), a new parameter, sperm DNA fragmentation, has recently begun to be considered.
- the analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation determines the existence of breaks in one or both strands of DNA. This has aroused some interest because the presence of these breaks compromises the ability of the individual to achieve a healthy offspring when the paternal genetic message is altered. Indeed, in recent years, there are several studies that demonstrate the presence of a high percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA in infertile individuals compared to fertile individuals (Evenson DP et al. Theriogenology 15: 979-91 (2006)).
- Oxidative stress is considered one of the main causes of sperm DNA fragmentation.
- oxidative stress means that in the affected organ, a metabolic imbalance is occurring, as the body is not able to quickly neutralize the reactive oxygen species that are they produce as a consequence of the constant supply of metabolic energy that you need for your activity.
- damage to all cell components occurs, including DNA, oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxidation of amino acids in proteins.
- Direct methods determine the damage caused by excess reactive oxygen species against phospholipids present in the plasma membrane or in the DNA.
- Direct methods determine a damage that is the end product of an imbalance between excessive free radical production and the antioxidant capacity of the cell.
- HPLC high resolution chromatography
- isoprostane 8-Iso-PGF2a or the cl-BODIPY test are quite promising but are not used routinely because of their complexity.
- EROs include oxygen ions, free radicals and both inorganic and organic peroxides. They are generally very small highly reactive molecules that form naturally as a byproduct of normal oxygen metabolism and have an important role in cell signaling. They are generally chemiluminescence based methods using Luminol or Lucigenin (Athayde KS. Et al. J. Androl. 2007, 28: 613-20). However, lucigenin tends to oxidize causing alterations in the results, and on the other In part, the analysis requires a luminometer that is a very expensive instrument.
- the invention relates to a method for determining the presence of cells containing reactive oxygen species in a cell population comprising:
- a) Contacting said cell population under isotonic conditions with a thickening agent in a manner that substantially reduces the mobility of the cells of the cell population and with a compound indicating the presence of reactive oxygen species, b) maintaining the obtained mixture in step a) for sufficient time for the conversion of the indicator compound into a detectable compound in those cells containing reactive oxygen species, c) place the mixture obtained in b) with a gelling agent on a solid support under conditions suitable for that gelation of the gelling agent occurs and d) identify those cells in which the detectable compound appears in which the presence of the detectable compound in a cell is indicative of the presence in said cell of reactive oxygen species.
- the invention relates to a method for determining the need for antioxidant therapy to a patient comprising determining the presence in a semen sample of said subject of ERO-containing cells using a method of the invention and the percentage of cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation using a method of the invention wherein if the percentage of cells comprising ROS and the percentage of cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation are greater than said percentages in a reference sample is indicative that said patient should Be treated with an antioxidant therapy.
- the invention relates to a method for identifying a substance X capable of decreasing the reactive oxygen species present in a cell population comprising:
- the invention relates to a composition comprising a thickening agent and a compound capable of indicating the presence of ERO.
- the invention relates to a kit comprising a thickening agent, a compound indicating the presence of reactive oxygen species, an acid solution that denatures DNA and a lysis solution that eliminates nuclear proteins.
- the invention relates to the use of a composition or a kit comprising a thickening agent and an indicator compound for the presence of ERO to determine the presence of reactive oxygen species in a cell population.
- the invention relates to the use of a kit comprising a thickening agent, an indicator compound for the presence of ERO, an acid solution that denatures DNA and a lysis solution that eliminates nuclear proteins to determine the need for an antioxidant therapy of a male subject.
- FIG. 1 Microscopic view of sperm with NBT in liquid medium. Note that sperm tend to aggregate so that positive NBT sperm (which have ERO) can affect negative NBT.
- Figure 2. Microscopic view of NBT positive sperm. They present a precipitate of intense blue color normally located on the intermediate piece and the head.
- Figure 3 Optical microscope view of an extension of human sperm immersed in agarose-negative NBT, which do not have ROS.
- Figure 4. Graph of mustaches and boxes where the data obtained for the SDF variable (percentage of sperm with DNA fragmentation) are represented according to the type of agarose that has been used: normal (left), modified with NBT (right).
- Figure 5 Graph of mustaches and boxes showing the data obtained for the variable DS (percentage of degraded sperm) according to the type of agarose that has been used: normal (left), modified with NBT (right). DETAILED DESCRIPTION
- the authors of the present invention have developed a method for determining the presence of ERO-containing cells in a cell population in a biological sample.
- the contact of a cell population with an agent indicating the presence of ROS and in the presence of a viscosifying agent allows detecting those cells among the population that present ROS avoiding problems associated to the state of the art resulting from the aggregation of the cells.
- the invention relates to a method (hereinafter first method of the invention) for determining the presence of ERO-containing cells in a cell population comprising:
- step b) maintain the mixture obtained in step a) for sufficient time for the conversion of the indicator compound into a detectable compound in those cells containing ERO, c) place the mixture obtained in b) with a gelling agent on a solid support under conditions suitable for gelling agent gelation to occur and
- ERO means the set of reactive molecules produced in some metabolic processes in which oxygen participates. They are very reactive molecules because they have missing electrons that make them react with other organic molecules in oxide-reduction processes. Examples of ERO are oxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides among others.
- Cell population means, in the context of the present invention, cell cultures of eukaryotic cells, in particular, human cells, as well as populations of primary cells derived from bone marrow, blood, cells used in fertilization techniques in vitro and the like.
- the cell population is a population of sperm.
- sperm refers to the reproductive cells of any male subject (man, ox, etc.). The population of cells can be found as part of a semen sample together with the seminal plasma or diluted in a suitable solution to preserve the integrity of the sperm.
- the first method of the invention comprises contacting said cell population under isotonic conditions with a thickening agent so that mobility is substantially reduced as well as sedimentation and aggregation of cells of the cell population and with a compound indicator of the presence of reactive oxygen species,
- isotonic conditions refers to the conditions in which at the same temperature two solutions have the same osmotic pressure so that, if said solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane, there is no net flow of water through said membrane.
- osmotic pressure is meant the pressure exerted by the solvent particles in a solution on the semipermeable membrane that separates it from another of greater concentration. Isotonic conditions are necessary to maintain the integrity of the cellular plasma membrane.
- Typical isotonic conditions include 285-315 mOsm / kg H20, depending on the cell type.
- the term “thickening agent” is used interchangeably with “agent that increases viscosity” or “viscosifying agent” and is understood as that compound that increases the internal resistance of a substance to flow when a constant stress is applied. As a consequence of the increase in resistance, the cells show a lower tendency to aggregate and in addition the mobile cells in a mixture with said compound have less mobility.
- Thickening agents suitable for use in the present invention include, without limitation:
- Carbopol 854) carbopol # 1342, Carbopol # 1382, Pemulen TR-1 and Pemulen TR-2,
- Preferred monomers include, without limitation, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methacrylamide, N-methylmethacrylamide, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylmethacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-isopropyl methacrylamide and ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylacrylamide.
- These polymers have a molecular weight generally greater than 1000000, preferably greater than 1500000 and up to 3000000.
- Preferred polymers of this category include Sepigel 305 from Seppic Corporation (Fairfield, NJ), Hypan SR150H, SS500V, SS500W, SSSA100H, from Lipo Chemicals, Inc., (Patterson, NJ).
- Polysaccharides such as agarose, cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methyl hydroxyethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, and mixtures thereof.
- Celluloses substituted by alkyl groups are also useful in which the hydroxyl groups of the celluloses are hydroxyalkylated (preferably hydroxyethylated or hydroxypropylated) to form hydroxyalkylated celluloses that are subsequently modified with a linear or branched C10-C30 chain through an ether type linkages .
- alkyl groups that are used to modify the hydroxycelluloses include stearyl, isostearyl lauryl miristiL cetiL, isocetyl, cocoyl, palmityl oleiL, linoleil, linolenyl, ricinoleiL behenyl.
- Preferred hydroxycelluloses include cetyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (Natrosol (3) CS Plus from Aqualon Corporation).
- gums including acacia gums, agar, alginate, algic acid, ammonium alginate, amylopectin, calcium alginate, calcium carrageenan, carnitine, carrageenan, dextrin, gelatin, gellan gum, guar gum, guar hydroxypropyltrimony chloride, hectorite, acid hyaluronic, chitosan, guar hydroxypropli, karaya gum gum, kelp, locust bean gum, natto gum, potassium alginate, propylene glycol alginate, scleroium gum, sodium carboxymethyl dextran, carrageenan sodium, tragacanth gum, xanthan gum mixtures.
- acacia gums agar, alginate, algic acid, ammonium alginate, amylopectin, calcium alginate, calcium carrageenan, carnitine, carrageenan, dextrin, gelatin,
- Thickening agents not included in any of the above groups such as alginates; carbomeros such as carbomeros 934, 934P, 940 and 941; cellulose gum, cetearyl alcohol, cocamide DEA, dextrin; jelly; hydroxyethyl cellulose; hydroxypropyl cellulose; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; silicate magnesium and aluminum, myristyl alcohol; oatmeal; oleamide DEA; olieco alcohol; PEG-7M; PEG-14M; PEG-90M; DEA stearamide; stearamide MEA; Wheat starch, xanthan gum and the like.
- carbomeros such as carbomeros 934, 934P, 940 and 941
- cellulose gum cetearyl alcohol, cocamide DEA, dextrin
- jelly hydroxyethyl cellulose
- hydroxypropyl cellulose hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
- silicate magnesium and aluminum myristyl alcohol
- oatmeal oleamide DEA
- Step a) of the first method of the invention is carried out in a manner that substantially reduces the mobility of the cells of the cell population, preferably during the time in which stage a) is carried out.
- Substantial reduction in cell population cell mobility means that cells reduce their natural ability to move or move by at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, one 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%, in which case the cells do not move appreciably during the time in which stage a) is carried out.
- the cell population under study is a population of sperm
- the person skilled in the art can determine the conditions (concentration and temperature) at which a certain thickening agent reduces cell mobility to adequate values to avoid cell aggregation using widely known methods such as:
- Step a) further comprises contacting the cell population under study with an agent indicating the presence of ROS.
- ERO indicator agent refers to any compound that in the presence of ERO undergoes a change in its properties so that it is detectable, either directly by some property of said compound either indirectly because said compound has the ability to modify a second molecule that is detectable.
- Preferred ERO indicator compounds include tetrazolium salts, derivatives and the like.
- Tetrazolium salts are compounds that have a tetrazol, tetrazolyl or tetraozolo structure.
- the tetrazolium salt is an organic salt comprising one or two tetrazole rings and one or more substitutions with an aryl (phenyl or substituted phenyl) or naphthyl moiety in different positions, preferably in positions 1, 2, 3 and 5.
- Tetrazolium salts comprising two tetrazole rings are coupled so that they provide a defenyl group or a naphthyl group where the tetrazol groups meet the two positions for.
- IV BT also called 2- [4- [4- (3,5-diphenyltetrazol-2-io-2-yl blue chloride) -3-methoxyphenyl] -tetrazolium 2-methoxyphenyl] -3,5-diphenyltetrazole dichloride -2-io
- XIX NBT p-Nitro Blue Chloride of (2,2'-di-nitrophenyl-5,5'-diphenyl-3,3'- Tetrazolium Chlorid or (3,3 ' dimethoxy-4,4'-diphenylene) ditetrazolium chloride blue nitro
- Tetrazolium violet 2,5-diphenyl-3 - [alpha, -naphthyl] -tetrazolium, chloride
- step b) of the first method of the invention the mixture obtained in step a) is maintained long enough for the ERO presence indicator compound to be transformed into a detectable compound in those cells containing said ERO.
- step b) is carried out for the time necessary for said NBT to be reduced to give rise to formazan. Said process can be conveniently monitored by detecting absorbance at 630 nm.
- the reaction is maintained for at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 60 minutes or at least for 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 20 hours.
- the reaction temperature is typically 37 ° C, although it can be carried out at temperatures between 20-45 ° C, preferably 25-40 ° C, even more preferably between 30-40 ° C.
- the first method of the invention comprises an additional step (step b2) after step b) wherein the concentration of the detectable compound in the sample is determined where an increase in the concentration of said compound with respect to a reference sample is indicative of the presence of reactive oxygen species in said cell population.
- an absorbance value is obtained which is indicative of the presence of reactive oxygen species in said cell population.
- the detectable compound is a colored compound, whereby the concentration of said compound is measured by determining the absorbance of said compound at the appropriate wavelength.
- concentration or optical density as used in the present invention refers to the proportion of incident light that is absorbed by a substance.
- the absorbance of a sample can be determined, for example, by a spectrophotometer.
- the ERO indicator compound is BT, in which case the determination of the concetration of the compound is carried out by measuring the absorbance of the sample in step b2) at 630 nm.
- Reference sample means a cell population that lacks ERO or has been treated to eliminate ERO.
- the cell population that is being studied is a sperm population
- Fertile subject means a subject whose sperm are able to fertilize an oocyte.
- the WHO criteria for considering a fertile subject is an amount of 10 million mobile sperm per milliliter of semen.
- the method of the invention includes an additional step after step b) (step b3), which can be carried out in parallel with step b2) to determine the presence of DNA fragmentation and which comprises incubating a sample of the mixture of stage b) under suitable conditions for the denaturation of DNA to occur and determine the appearance of halos around the sperm head, where the presence of halos below a certain threshold value is indicative of that sperm have DNA fragmentation.
- the detection of the presence of halos around the sperm head can be carried out essentially by contacting a fraction of the sample cells with an acid solution and with a lysis solution. Treatment with the acid solution denatures the DNA. It is then treated with a lysis solution that eliminates most nuclear proteins. After this treatment, sperm with fragmented DNA do not show halos, while those sperm in which the DNA is intact develop large halos around the nucleoid.
- the term "acid solution”, as used in the present invention, refers to any solution, suspension, emulsion or other fluid containing a compound that acts as a donor of H + groups.
- the acid solution may contain an acid selected from the group hydrochloric, acetic, nitric acid or mixtures thereof, among others.
- the acid solution contains hydrochloric acid between 0.04 and 0.08 M.
- lysis solution refers to any solution, suspension, emulsion or other fluid that is capable of causing lysis of the cells that have contacted said solution.
- the lysis solution may contain at least one detergent, at least one chaotropic agent and / or at least one reducing agent.
- Detergents suitable for use in the denaturing solution include, without limitation, ammonium detergents (e.g., sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate), cationic detergents (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, benzetonium chloride and the like ), zwitterionic detergents (for example, CHAPS, lecithins) or non-ionic (cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, decyl glycoside, lauryl glycoside, octyl glycoside, Tritium X-100).
- the detergent that is part of the lysis solution is Triton X-100.
- the detergent that is part of the lysis solution is sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS), preferably 1%.
- Chaotropic agents for use in the present invention include, without limitation, urea (typically at a concentration of 6-8M), thiourea (typically at a concentration of at least 2M), guanidinium chloride (typically at a concentration of at least 6 M) and lithium perchlorate (typically at a concentration of at least 4.5 M).
- Reducing agents suitable for use in the present invention include, without limitation, beta-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol and tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine.
- the reducing agent is dithiothreitol, preferably at 0.8M.
- the analytical method is carried out as described by Fernández JL. et al, (Fertile. Steril. 2005; 84: 860) and consists of submerging sperm from fresh, frozen or diluted samples in an agarose gel whose support is a pretreated slide and where the sample is treated sequentially with a denaturing acid solution (0.08 N HC1), a first neutralizing lysis solution (0.4 M Tris, 0.8 M DTT, 1% SDS, and 50 mM EDTA, pH 7.5), a second neutralizing lysis solution (0.4 M Tris, 2 M NaCl, and 1% SDS, pH 7.5).
- a denaturing acid solution (0.08 N HC1
- a first neutralizing lysis solution 0.4 M Tris, 0.8 M DTT, 1% SDS, and 50 mM EDTA, pH 7.5
- a second neutralizing lysis solution 0.4 M Tris, 2 M NaCl, and 1% SDS, pH 7.5.
- the detection of DNA halos is carried out visually after staining the sperm with a DNA probe, preferably a fluorescent probe and, even more preferably, DAPI).
- a DNA probe preferably a fluorescent probe and, even more preferably, DAPI.
- the sample is considered to be fertile when at least 20-30% of the sperm have a halo greater than or equal to 7.5 ⁇ .
- Halo determination is typically carried out by direct visualization of the sperm by phase contrast microscopy.
- Methods for determining if a solution is suitable for use in the acid treatment of the present invention comprise analyzing whether said solution is capable of denaturing the DNA. Said capacity can be analyzed using various techniques known in the state of the art, such as the increase in absorbance at 260 nm, among others.
- Methods for determining whether a lysis solution is suitable for use in the present invention comprise analyzing the ability of said solution to remove nuclear proteins from DNA. Said capacity can be analyzed using various techniques widely known in the state of the art, including DNAase I footprint, gel mobility change assay, nitrocellulose binding assay, western blotting, among others.
- Step c) of the first method of the invention comprises placing the mixture obtained in b) with a gelling agent on a solid support under conditions suitable for gelling agent gelation to occur.
- gelling agent is meant that substance that allows mass coagulation of a colloidal solution by forming an extremely fine solid network that contains a liquid in its meshes.
- the thickener compound used in step a) of the first method of the invention is both a gelling compound, so that step c) does not require the addition of a gelling compound but simply a change of conditions so that the thickening / gelling compound gels so that the cells of the cell population are immobilized.
- Gelling agents that increase the viscosity that can be used in the present invention are selected from Table 2.
- I Agarose polysaccharide formed by alpha and beta galactose that is mainly extracted from the algae of the Gellidium and Gracillaria genera.
- Alginic acid product obtained from different types of algae, including Macrocystis, Fucus, Laminaria.
- Alginate and its derivatives among which sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium alginate, propylnenglycol.
- Agar-agar extracted from various types of red algae, including the genus
- V Carrageenans product obtained from various types of Gigartine algae,
- XVI Esters of fatty acids and sorbitan among which polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate
- agarose is used as a thickening agent in step a) and as a gelling agent in step c), it is sufficient to lower the temperature below the gelation temperature of the agarose at the concentration at That this is found.
- Said temperature can easily be determined by the person skilled in the art from tables in which the gelation temperature of the agarose is correlated with the concentration in the sample (for example, the table available at http://www.lonzabio.com / uploads / tx_mwaxmarketingmaterial / Appendix_B_- _Agarose_Physical_Chemistry.pdf).
- the thickening / gelling agent is a low melting point agarose.
- Low melting agarose are commercially available such as Ultra Pure (R) agarose (Invitrogen), NuSieve (R) GTG (R) Agarose (Lopza), LM Agarosa and LM Sieve (Pronadisa), Agarosa SERVA Premium (Serva) and the like
- step c) is carried out by bringing the temperature of the mixture to 10-30 ° C, preferably 15-25 ° C, even more preferably 20-25 ° C.
- the gelling agent is alginate
- gelation is induced by adding calcium ions to the medium.
- solid support refers to a surface of glass, plastic, ceramic or metal among others, which allows the mixture of the invention containing the gelling agent to be contained. According to the method used in the Quantification of the cells will be necessary for said support to let light through.
- the solid support is a slide.
- step c) is carried out using agarose at a concentration of 0.5-5%, in which case gelation is carried out directly on the slide by applying the mixture obtained in the step b) to a slide and incubation at room temperature.
- step d) of the first method of the invention comprises identifying those cells in which the detectable compound appears, so that said cells will be those containing ERO.
- the cells comprising the detectable compound resulting from the conversion of the ERO indicator are detected by direct observation by optical microscopy.
- the indicator compound is a tetrazolium salt, preferably BT
- the detectable compound appears an intense blue precipitate normally located on the intermediate piece and the sperm head.
- the identification of the different cells in the sample can be done by phase contrast microscopy, it is preferable to stain the cells with a dye. Typically, staining is carried out after the gelling step of the gelling agent. Staining solutions that can be employed for the realization of the present invention include, without limitation, gomori ticchromic, masson trichrome, methylene green, giemsa, Wright, hematoxylin-eosin, methylene blue, among others. In a preferred embodiment, the cells are stained with methylene green.
- the authors of the present invention have developed a method for determining the need for an antioxidant therapy of a patient comprising determining the presence in a semen sample of said subject of ERO-containing cells using a method of the invention, and percentage of cells that present DNA fragmentation using a method of the invention wherein if the percentage of cells comprising ROS and the percentage of cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation is greater than said percentages in a reference sample is indicative that said patient should be treated with a antioxidant therapy
- antioxidant therapy refers to the administration of antioxidant agents for the treatment of a disease.
- antioxidant agent means all those elements whose function is to eliminate free radicals from the body.
- the term "determination" refers to the determination of the probability that the patient needs to receive an antioxidant therapy. As those skilled in the art will understand, the prediction of the need for such antioxidant therapy, although it is preferred, does not need to be correct for 100% of the subjects to be diagnosed or evaluated. The person skilled in the art can easily determine if the result obtained for a subject is statistically significant using several well-known statistical evaluation tools, for example, determination of confidence intervals, determination of p-values, Student's t-test, Mann Whitney, etc. Details are found in Dowdy and Wearden, Statistics for Research, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1983. Preferred confidence intervals are at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80 %, at least 90%, at least 95%. P values are preferably 0.2, 0.1 or 0.05.
- Quantifying the proportion of cells refers to numerically expressing the cells that show the detectable compound in relation to the cells that do not show said compound. In a particular embodiment, said procedure is carried out by optical microscopy.
- reference sample in the context of the present invention, it is understood as the biological sample of a fertile subject or previous samples of the same individual, which are used to determine the presence of ROS.
- the second method of the invention contemplates the possibility of determining the need for an antioxidant therapy of a subject from the different results it provides to the first method of the invention.
- an indication of the existence of the need for antioxidant therapy is the existence of a percentage of cells that show ROS above a certain threshold value. Said value can be combined with the presence of a percentage of cells that do not show halo greater than a certain threshold value.
- the second method of the invention allows to determine the possibility that a subject needs an antioxidant therapy if:
- a percentage of cells containing ERO greater than a threshold value appears.
- the threshold percentage value of cells containing ERO is 20%.
- the threshold value is 30% and / or
- a percentage of cells containing ERO is greater than a threshold value and the percentage of cells that do not show halo is greater than a threshold value.
- the threshold percentage value of cells containing ERO is 20%.
- the threshold value is 30%.
- the threshold value of the percentage of cells that do not show halo is 20%.
- Threshold values for each of the parameters obtained by applying the different embodiments of the first method of the invention can be determined from a reference sample.
- the terms and expressions "cell”, “cell population”, “isotonic conditions”, “thickening agent”, “compound indicating the presence of reactive oxygen species” and “gelling agent” have been defined in detail in the context of the first method of the invention and are used in the same way in the second method of the invention.
- the invention relates to a method (hereinafter third method of the invention) comprising:
- step b) contacting said substance X with said cell population, b) Contacting said cell population under isotonic conditions with a thickening agent so as to substantially reduce the mobility of the cells of the cell population and with an indicator compound of the presence of reactive oxygen species, c) maintain the mixture obtained in step b) for sufficient time for the conversion of the indicator compound into a detectable compound in the presence of reactive oxygen species,
- a decrease in the proportion of cells that show a change in color with respect to the reference sample is indicative that substance X is capable of decreasing the presence of reactive oxygen species in said cells. wherein the decrease in the proportion of cells that show a change in coloration is indicative that substance X is capable of decreasing the presence of ROS in said cells.
- the third method of the invention comprises contacting the cell population with a compound or preparation whose effect.
- a cell By "contacting" a cell with the candidate compound, according to the present invention, any possible way of bringing the candidate compound into the cell expressing the DNA construct is included.
- the candidate compound in case the candidate compound is a low molecular weight molecule, it is sufficient to add said molecule to the culture medium.
- the candidate compound in case the candidate compound is a high molecular weight molecule (for example, biological polymers such as a nucleic acid or a protein), it is necessary to provide the means for that molecule to access the cellular interior.
- the candidate molecule is a nucleic acid, conventional methods for transfection can be used, as described above for the introduction of the DNA construct.
- the cell can contact both the protein directly and the nucleic acid that encodes it coupled to elements that allow transcription / translation once they are inside the cell.
- any of the methods mentioned above can be used to allow entry into the cell interior.
- the compound to be tested is not isolated but is part of a more or less complex mixture either derived from a natural source or part of a library of compounds.
- the library may have been preselected to contain compounds that can access the cell interior more easily.
- the compounds can be selected based on certain parameters such as size, lipophilicity, hydrophilicity, ability to form hydrogen bonds.
- the compounds to be tested may be part of an extract obtained from a natural source.
- the natural source can be animal, vegetable obtained from any environment, including, without limitation, extracts from terrestrial, aerial, marine and similar organisms.
- Steps b) ae) essentially coincide with steps a) to d) of the first method of the invention and the terms used in said method are used with the same meaning in the third method of the invention.
- the invention additionally comprises one or more stages of fractionation of said mixture and the repetition of steps (a), (b), (c) , (d) and (e) of the method of the invention a variable number of times until the compound of the mixture responsible for the decrease in the ERO level is isolated.
- Methods for the fractionation of compounds present in a mixture include chromatography (thin layer, gas or gel molecular exclusion, affinity), crystallization, distillation, filtration, precipitation, sublimation, extraction, evaporation, centrifugation, mass spectrometry, adsorption and the like.
- a step c2) is further included, which comprises determining the concentration of the detectable compound in the mixture of step c) and wherein a decrease in absorbance with respect to a reference sample is indicative that substance X is capable of decreasing the presence of ROS in said cell population.
- step d2 comprising incubating a sample of the mixture of stage c with a denaturing solution, then with a lysis solution and finally staining said cells where the cells that Do not show halos larger than a certain threshold value. It is indicative that these cells have fragmented DNA.
- compositions and kits of the invention and diagnostic uses thereof are provided.
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a composition
- a composition comprising a gelling agent and an indicator compound for the presence of ERO.
- composition refers to a mixture of two or more components.
- the compositions of the invention contain the reagents necessary to detect the need for antioxidant therapy of a subject from a semen sample of said subject.
- the composition of the invention comprises a thickening agent (preferably agarose and even more preferably low melting point agarose) and an ERO indicator (preferably a tetrazolium salt and even more preferably BT) where both components are forming a mixture.
- a thickening agent preferably agarose and even more preferably low melting point agarose
- an ERO indicator preferably a tetrazolium salt and even more preferably BT
- the compositions of the invention comprise agarose at a concentration of 2% to 5% and NBT at a concentration of up to 1 mg / ml.
- thickener compound is also a gelling compound
- the thickener / gelling compound is agarose
- the agarose is low melting point agarose.
- the indicator compound for the presence of reactive oxygen species is a tetrazolium salt and, even more preferably, is NBT.
- the thickener compound is low melting agarose
- the ERO indicator compound is NBT
- the agarose is at a concentration of 2% to 5%
- the NBT is found at a concentration of up to 1 mg / ml.
- the invention relates to a kit comprising a gelling agent, a compound indicating the presence of reactive oxygen species, an acid solution and a lysis solution.
- acid solution and “lysis solution” have been explained in detail in the context of the first method of the invention and apply equally to the kit of the invention.
- the kit of the invention additionally comprises a probe for the detection of DNA, preferably a fluorescent probe (ethidium bromide, acridine orange, propidium iodide, ToPro-3, DAPI) and, even more preferably, DAPI.
- the invention relates to the use of a composition or kit comprising a gelling agent and a compound capable of forming a detectable product in the presence of ROS to determine the presence of ROS in a cell population. In a further aspect, the invention relates to the use of a composition or a kit comprising a gelling agent and a compound capable of forming a detectable product in the presence of ROS to determine the need for antioxidant therapy of a male subject.
- kits refers to a combination of articles that facilitate the implementation of a process, method, test, analysis or manipulation of a sample.
- the kits of the invention contain the reagents necessary to determine the need for antioxidant therapy of a subject from a semen sample of the subject shower.
- the kit of the invention comprises a thickening agent (preferably agarose and even more preferably low melting point agarose) and an ERO indicator (preferably a tetrazolium salt and even more preferably BT) where both components are in a same container or in separate containers. Additional components that may be part of the kit of the invention include:
- Suitable reagents to cause denaturation of DNA (acid solutions) and reagents to remove nuclear proteins (lysis solution).
- Suitable reagents for sperm staining preferably methylene green.
- thickening agent thickening agent
- gelling agent gelling agent
- ERO compound capable of forming a detectable product in the presence of ERO
- EXAMPLE 1 The method of the present invention for determining the presence of ROS in a cell population is an indirect method that has been correlated with other chemiluminescence-based methodologies (Esfandiari N. et al, J. Androl. 2003 Nov-Dec; 24 (6): 862-70). Its main advantages are that it is very economical and only requires an optical microscope.
- BT is a water-soluble yellow salt that reacts in the presence of superoxide anions within cells producing a blue diformazan precipitate.
- the amount of diformazan crystals present in the cells reflects the production by these superoxide ion cells.
- a mixture of agarose with NBT (agarose-NBT) was first prepared.
- 10 mg of NBT (Sigma N5514-10 tab) was dissolved in 10 ml of distilled water and the solution was maintained at 37 ° C.
- an amount of low melting point agarose was dissolved in PBS at pH 7 between 2% and 5% and left on a 37 ° heating plate to prevent it from gelling.
- the two solutions were then mixed in equal volumes and distributed in volumes of 100 ⁇ in eppendorff tubes. The resulting mixture is stable between 2 ° C and 22 ° C.
- the semen sample was diluted in PBS at a concentration of between 5-10 million sperm per milliliter.
- the agarose-NBTs were placed in a float and incubated for 5 minutes in a bath between 90-100 ° C until the agarose dissolved.
- a microwave could be used to melt the agarose.
- the tubes were then transferred to a 37 ° C bath and allowed to temper for 5 minutes.
- a semen volume (with the adjusted concentration) was mixed with an equal volume of agarose and homogenized with the help of a micropipette. The mixture was incubated at 37 ° C for 45 minutes. With this time, the maximum precipitated product (diformazan) is produced.
- the Halosperm kit Halosperm kit
- the mixture can acquire a bluish coloration whose intensity will depend on the presence of superoxide ion, both in sperm and leukocytes present as in seminal plasma.
- the intensity of the coloration can be determined by measuring the absorbance at 630 nm in a spectrophotometer, cytometer or in a plate reader. This change in color represents a first indication of the presence of oxidative stress or deficit in the detoxifying capacity of the sample.
- a sperm DNA fragmentation value 2) the proportion of positive NBT sperm and 3) a change in the color of the sample representing a qualitative value (negative, mild, moderate, intense) or quantitative (after measuring its absorbance) that can be compared with that of a reference sample.
- NBT modified agarose for the determination of the presence of ROS in semen samples should not affect the effectiveness of the Halosperm commercial kit fragmentation test.
- the objective of this study was to determine the effect of agarose-NBT on the result of the halospem kit fragmentation test.
- SDF Sperm DNA fragmentation
- DS Degraded spermatozoa
- gl degrees of freedom
- Sig significance.
- the BT agarose used in the method of the present invention is compatible with the halosperm kit agarose for the determination of sperm DNA and since these are two related variables, fragmentation and oxidative stress, the optimization of this method could represent a comfortable presentation which would allow simultaneous determination of sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress from a small volume of semen sample with a very low economic cost.
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ES11837612.8T ES2649668T3 (es) | 2010-11-04 | 2011-11-04 | Procedimiento para determinar la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno en una población celular |
CA2815949A CA2815949C (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2011-11-04 | Method for determining the production of reactive oxygen species in a cellular population |
US13/883,562 US9618503B2 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2011-11-04 | Method for determining the production of reactive oxygen species in a cellular population |
MX2013004984A MX339423B (es) | 2010-11-04 | 2011-11-04 | Metodo para determinar la produccion de especies reactivas de oxigeno en una poblacion celular. |
EP11837612.8A EP2637019B1 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2011-11-04 | Method for determining the production of reactive oxygen species in a cellular population |
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ES201031624A ES2381721B1 (es) | 2010-11-04 | 2010-11-04 | Método para determinar la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno en una población celular. |
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CN110967230B (zh) * | 2019-11-22 | 2022-05-31 | 珠海高瑞特医疗科技有限公司 | 一种***活性氧含量的测定方法及试剂盒 |
EP4019646A1 (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-29 | Bonraybio Co., Ltd. | Methods and kits for detecting sperm dna fragmentation |
ES2961158T3 (es) * | 2020-12-23 | 2024-03-08 | Bonraybio Co Ltd | Métodos y kits para detectar la fragmentación de ADN espermático |
TWI777336B (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-09-11 | 邦睿生技股份有限公司 | 用於偵測***dna片段化的方法以及套組 |
TWI775252B (zh) | 2020-12-23 | 2022-08-21 | 邦睿生技股份有限公司 | 用於偵測***dna片段化的方法以及套組 |
CN113092430B (zh) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-06-28 | 青岛复诺生物医疗有限公司 | 一种***活性氧含量测定装置及其测定方法 |
CN114088491A (zh) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-25 | 北京仁基源医学研究院有限公司 | 一种***dna碎片检测试剂盒及其检测方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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MX339423B (es) | 2016-05-25 |
CA2815949C (en) | 2018-07-24 |
EP2637019B1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
ES2381721A1 (es) | 2012-05-31 |
US9618503B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
ES2381721B1 (es) | 2013-05-06 |
EP2637019A1 (en) | 2013-09-11 |
CA2815949A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
ES2649668T3 (es) | 2018-01-15 |
US20130224737A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
EP2637019A4 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
MX2013004984A (es) | 2013-06-05 |
EP3023787A1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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