WO2012017579A1 - 電源変調器及びその制御方法 - Google Patents
電源変調器及びその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/01—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
- H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
- H03F1/0216—Continuous control
- H03F1/0222—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal
- H03F1/0227—Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal using supply converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
- H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
- H03F1/0244—Stepped control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0045—Converters combining the concepts of switch-mode regulation and linear regulation, e.g. linear pre-regulator to switching converter, linear and switching converter in parallel, same converter or same transistor operating either in linear or switching mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/451—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/462—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the current being sensed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0063—High side switches, i.e. the higher potential [DC] or life wire [AC] being directly connected to the switch and not via the load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0072—Low side switches, i.e. the lower potential [DC] or neutral wire [AC] being directly connected to the switch and not via the load
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply modulator used in a communication device such as a mobile phone or a wireless LAN and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a power supply modulator excellent in power efficiency and a control method thereof.
- Transmitters of communication devices such as mobile phones and wireless LANs are required to operate with low power consumption.
- the transmission unit of this communication device is required to operate with low power consumption regardless of the magnitude of output power and to ensure the accuracy of the transmission signal.
- the power amplifier arranged in the final stage of the transmission unit of the communication device occupies 50% or more of the power consumption of the entire communication device. Therefore, high power efficiency is required for the power amplifier arranged in the final stage of the transmission unit of the communication device.
- a power amplifier is usually composed of one transistor.
- the radio signal input to the gate is converted into current information by the transistor.
- the converted information is output from the drain terminal to the load via the matching circuit.
- the drain terminal is connected to the power supply in parallel with the matching circuit via the inductor.
- the efficiency ⁇ d of the power amplifier is proportional to the envelope component of the radio signal.
- the efficiency ⁇ d of the power amplifier becomes the maximum efficiency ⁇ dmax when the envelope voltage at the drain terminal becomes equal to the power supply voltage.
- the envelope voltage becomes larger than this, signal distortion becomes remarkable, and communication is impaired. Therefore, normally, the peak value of the envelope voltage of the radio signal is adjusted to be equal to the power supply voltage.
- the average efficiency decreases as the ratio of the average amplitude value to the instantaneous maximum amplitude value (backoff) increases as the amplitude value of the signal varies with time.
- backoff the efficiency ⁇ d of the power amplifier is about 1 / 2.24 of ⁇ dmax.
- the envelope tracking method has attracted attention as a method for increasing the average power efficiency of power amplifiers.
- the power supply terminal of the power amplifier is connected to a power supply modulator having a variable voltage value via an inductor.
- the voltage output from the power supply modulator is controlled to follow the envelope component of the radio signal output from the power amplifier.
- the voltage applied to the envelope voltage and the power supply terminal of the power amplifier via the inductor is always equal. Therefore, the power amplifier always operates with the maximum efficiency ⁇ dmax.
- the power efficiency ⁇ d of the power amplifier is fixed to ⁇ dmax in a situation where the output voltage of the power supply modulator ideally matches the envelope signal. Therefore, the power efficiency of the entire system is proportional to the power efficiency ⁇ v of the power supply modulator.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a general envelope tracking power supply modulator 200 (Non-Patent Document 1).
- the power modulator 200 includes a variable voltage source 21, a linear amplifier 22, a current sensor 23, and an inductor 25.
- the radio signal WS is input to the power amplifier 24 connected to the power supply modulator 200, and at the same time, the envelope signal ES of the radio signal WS is input to the control terminal of the linear amplifier 22.
- the linear amplifier 22 outputs a current so that the output voltage is equal to the voltage signal input to the control terminal.
- the current sensor 23 includes an amplifier 231 and a resistor 232. Both ends of the resistor 232 are connected to the input terminals of the amplifier 231, respectively.
- the current sensor 23 determines whether the output current of the linear amplifier 22 is the flow direction or the suction direction, and outputs a voltage control signal to the variable voltage source 21.
- the variable voltage source 21 is connected to the power amplifier 24 via the inductors 25 and 26.
- the voltage value of the variable voltage source 21 is set to a high value. Therefore, the current value supplied from the variable voltage source 21 to the power amplifier 24 increases. In addition, the current output from the linear amplifier 22 in the direction of flow decreases as the current supplied from the variable voltage source 21 increases. On the other hand, when the current of the linear amplifier 22 is in the suction direction, the voltage value of the variable voltage source 21 is set to a low value. Therefore, the current output from the variable voltage source 21 decreases. The current in the suction direction of the linear amplifier 22 decreases by the decrease in the current output from the variable voltage source 21. The above-described operation corresponds to correcting the difference between the current supplied from the variable voltage source 21 and the current necessary for reproducing the envelope signal ES by the linear amplifier 22.
- the linear amplifier 22 does not operate. Therefore, since the power consumption Pla and the heat loss Plass are zero, the power supply efficiency ⁇ v of the power supply modulator 200 is 100%. Therefore, from the equation (1), the efficiency ⁇ a of the entire system is equal to the theoretical maximum efficiency ⁇ dmax of ⁇ d.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a general variable voltage source 21.
- the variable voltage source 21 is configured by connecting two N-type FETs 31 and 32 in series between a power supply potential and a ground potential.
- a control signal is input to the gates of the two N-type FETs 31 and 32 via a dedicated driver IC. That is, a control signal is input to the gate terminal of the N-type FET 31 on the power supply VDD side via the high side gate driver (HSD) 33.
- a control signal is input to the gate terminal of the N-type FET 32 on the ground side via a low-side gate driver (LSD) 34.
- HSD high side gate driver
- LSD low-side gate driver
- the output potential of the variable voltage source 21 is the power supply potential when the N-type FET on the power supply VDD side is in the ON state. Further, the output potential of the variable voltage source 21 becomes the ground potential when the N-type FET on the ground side is in the ON state.
- the gate widths of the N-type FETs 31 and 32 are usually about several mm. In this case, the gate input capacitance is several hundred pF. Therefore, in order to drive the two N-type FETs 31 and 32, dedicated driver ICs (HSD33 and LSD34) that can supply a large drive current instantaneously are used.
- the band of the signal that can be reproduced by the variable voltage source 21 is about the Nyquist frequency (half the switching speed). At present, the switching speed of HSD using a silicon-based material available on the market is about 1 MHz.
- the switching speed of LSD is about 8 MHz, which is several times higher than that.
- the limit of the switching speed of the variable voltage source 21 is determined by the high side gate driver HSD which is the slowest component. Therefore, the limit of the switching speed of the variable voltage source 21 is currently about 1 MHz. That is, the band of a signal that can be reproduced by a current general variable voltage source is about 500 kHz.
- the envelope signal band is about 20 MHz. Therefore, an envelope signal cannot be reproduced with a general variable voltage source. Therefore, the power consumption of the linear amplifier is increased, the efficiency of the power supply modulator is decreased, and as a result, the efficiency of the entire system is decreased.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply modulator having good noise characteristics and excellent power efficiency, and a control method thereof.
- a power supply modulator includes a power amplifier that amplifies a radio signal, a linear amplifier that receives negative feedback to which an envelope signal of the radio signal is input, an inductor, and a power amplifier.
- a pulse current modulator connected to a power supply terminal and an output terminal of the linear amplifier and outputting a pulse current in accordance with a control signal generated from an envelope signal of the radio signal, the pulse current modulator comprising a direct current A current source, a diode having an anode connected to the output terminal of the DC current source and a cathode connected to the output terminal of the pulse current modulator, and being inserted between the output terminal of the DC current source and the ground potential And a switch element controlled by the control signal.
- a power supply modulator control method includes a power amplifier for amplifying a radio signal by inputting an envelope signal of a radio signal to a linear amplifier to which negative feedback is applied, and a current from a pulse current modulator.
- the pulse current modulator is output to a power supply terminal and an output terminal of the linear amplifier, and the pulse current modulator is connected to an output terminal of a direct current source through a diode whose cathode is connected to the output terminal of the pulse current modulator.
- the switch element inserted between the output terminal of the DC current source and the ground potential is controlled by the control signal generated from the envelope signal of the radio signal, outputting the current from the DC current source It is.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a power supply modulator having good noise characteristics and excellent power efficiency, and a control method thereof.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power supply modulator 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a filter circuit 4 according to the first embodiment;
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a current switch 12 included in the pulse current modulator 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an operation of a switch element SW according to the first exemplary embodiment.
- 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of a switch element SW according to the first embodiment;
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a DC current source 11 according to the first embodiment;
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a specific example of a configuration of a DC current source 11 according to the first embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing another configuration example of the pulse current modulator 1 according to the first embodiment.
- 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a general envelope tracking power supply modulator 200.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a general variable voltage source 21.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power supply modulator 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the power supply modulator 100 includes a pulse current modulator 1, a linear amplifier 2, and a power amplifier 3.
- the output terminal of the pulse current modulator 1 is connected to the output terminal of the linear amplifier 2.
- the output terminal of the pulse current modulator 1 is further connected to the power supply terminal of the power amplifier 3 via the inductor L.
- the linear amplifier 2 is an operational amplifier subjected to negative feedback. Therefore, when the gain Av is used, the relationship shown in Expression (4) is established between the output voltage Vout_la of the linear amplifier and the input signal Vin_la.
- Vout_la Av / (1 + Av) ⁇ Vin_la (4)
- Equation (4) can be simplified as shown in Equation (5) below.
- Vout_la Vin_la (5) That is, the linear amplifier 2 outputs the input voltage signal as the output voltage signal with the value kept.
- the pulse current modulator 1 includes a DC current source 11 and a current switch 12.
- the current switch 12 selects either the ground terminal or the output terminal of the current switch 12 as an output destination of the input current according to the control signal.
- the pulse current modulator 1 selects the ground terminal when the control signal is high. When the pulse current modulator 1 is low, the output terminal is selected.
- the time average value of the current value output from the pulse current modulator 1 is the product of the current value of the DC current source 11 and the ratio of the time when the current switch 12 selects the output terminal as the output destination of the input current. be equivalent to.
- the radio signal WS is input to the power amplifier 3.
- An envelope signal ES of a radio signal is input to the linear amplifier 2.
- the pulse current modulator 1 receives a 1-bit envelope signal obtained by converting the envelope signal ES into a 1-bit signal.
- the 1-bit envelope signal can be generated by comparing the magnitude of the envelope signal ES with an arbitrary reference voltage. Specifically, the average value of the envelope signal ES is selected as the reference voltage.
- the 1-bit envelope signal can also be obtained by converting the envelope signal into a 1-bit signal after band-limiting the filter signal beforehand through a filter circuit.
- the 1-bit envelope signal is used as an ON / OFF control signal for the current switch 12.
- the pulse current modulator 1 When the 1-bit envelope signal is low, the pulse current modulator 1 outputs the DC value of the DC current source 11.
- the pulse current modulator 1 When the 1-bit envelope signal is high, no current is output from the pulse current modulator 1. That is, the pulse current modulator 1 outputs a 1-bit envelope pulse waveform as it is as a pulse current.
- a grounding capacitor Cg can be connected to the output terminal of the pulse current modulator 1 to suppress harmonic components output from the pulse current modulator 1.
- the pulse current output from the pulse current modulator 1 has its harmonic components suppressed, and is reproduced as an analog waveform current at the output terminal of the linear amplifier 2.
- the linear amplifier 2 calculates a difference current between a current output from the pulse current modulator 1 and a current necessary for reproducing the envelope signal ES so that an envelope signal as an input signal is reproduced as an output signal. Output.
- the signal bandwidth that can be reproduced by the pulse current modulator 1 is about half the switching speed of the current switch 12 of the pulse current modulator 1.
- the current switch 12 corresponds to the ground side N-type FET 32 shown in FIG. Considering the current device performance, the switching frequency of the current switch 12 is about 8 MHz. Therefore, the signal bandwidth that can be reproduced by the pulse current modulator 1 is about 4 MHz. This is about 8 times larger than a typical value (about 500 kHz).
- Wireless signals such as W-CDMA have an envelope signal bandwidth of about 20 MHz.
- the variable voltage source in the power supply modulator reproduces a component from DC to 500 kHz. Therefore, the band to be corrected by the linear amplifier is from 500 kHz to 20 MHz.
- the pulse current modulator 1 reproduces a component from DC to 4 MHz. Therefore, the band to be corrected by the linear amplifier 2 is 4 MHz to 20 MHz.
- the band of the current output from the linear amplifier 2 of the power supply modulator 100 according to the present embodiment is smaller than that of a general linear amplifier. That is, according to the power supply modulator 100, the work amount that the linear amplifier 2 does is smaller than that of a general power supply modulator. Therefore, from the equation (1), the efficiency of the power supply modulator is higher than the efficiency of a general power supply modulator.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the filter circuit 4.
- inductors L1 and L2 are connected in series between two terminals. One end of the inductor L2 is connected to the ground potential via the capacitor C1. The other end of the inductor L2 is connected to the ground potential via the capacitor C2.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the current switch 12 constituting the pulse current modulator 1.
- the current switch 12 includes a diode Ds and a switch element SW.
- the switch element SW is inserted between the anode terminal of the diode and the ground potential (or any DC potential).
- the anode side terminal of the diode Ds is further connected to the terminal A.
- the cathode side terminal of the diode Ds is connected to the terminal B.
- the switch element SW When the switch element SW is in the open state, the current input to the terminal A is output to the terminal B via the diode Ds. When the switch element SW is in a short circuit state, the current input to the terminal A is output to the ground potential via the current switch element SW.
- FIG. 4A is a configuration diagram showing the operation of the switch element SW.
- the switch element SW has a control terminal T1, a signal terminal T2, and a signal terminal T3.
- the signal terminal T2 and the signal terminal T3 are short-circuited (ON state).
- the signal terminal T2 and the signal terminal T3 are in a non-connected state (OFF state).
- FIG. 4B is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the switch element SW.
- the switch element SW can be realized using a field effect transistor (FET) or a bipolar transistor.
- the control terminal T1 corresponds to the gate terminal of the FET or the base terminal of the bipolar transistor.
- the signal terminal T2 corresponds to the source terminal of the FET or the emitter terminal of the bipolar transistor.
- the signal terminal T3 corresponds to the drain terminal of the FET or the collector terminal of the bipolar transistor.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the DC current source 11.
- the DC current source 11 includes a variable DC voltage source 41, an inductor 42, a current sensor 43, and a comparison controller 44.
- the current output from the variable DC voltage source 41 is output via the inductor 42 and the current sensor 43.
- the current sensor 43 detects the magnitude of the current flowing through the current sensor 43.
- the comparison controller 44 controls the voltage of the variable DC voltage source 41 so that the current value detected by the current sensor 43 becomes a desired value.
- the voltage value of the variable DC voltage source 41 is set to Vdc.
- the inductance of the inductor 42 be Ladd.
- the value of the load resistance connected to the output terminal of the DC current source Ivn is Rload.
- the output current of the DC current source Ivn is Iout.
- a transfer function F (s) in which the voltage value Vdc is an input signal and Iout is an output signal is expressed by the following equation (6).
- F (s) Rload / (s ⁇ Ladd + Rload) (6)
- the transfer function F (s) is a transfer function of a low-pass filter in which the 3 dB-cutoff frequency is given by Rload / (2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Ladd).
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a specific example of the configuration of the DC current source 11.
- switch elements Sv1 and Sv2 are inserted in a column between the DC voltage source 51 and the ground terminal.
- the switch elements Sv1 and Sv2 can be configured as shown in FIG. 3, for example.
- the switch element Sv1 on the power supply side and the switch element Sv2 on the ground side perform complementary opening / closing operations. That is, when one of the switch elements Sv1 and Sv2 is ON, the other is OFF.
- the switch element Sv1 is ON, the output voltage of the variable DC voltage source 41 is equal to the power supply voltage.
- the switch element Sv2 is ON, the output voltage of the variable DC voltage source 41 is equal to the ground potential.
- the current sensor 43 includes a resistor Rs and a differential input amplifier AMP.
- the differential input amplifier AMP receives voltage information at both terminal nodes of the resistor Rs. When the input current flows through the resistor Rs, a voltage difference equal to the product of the current and the resistance value is generated at both ends of the resistor Rs.
- the differential input type amplifier AMP amplifies this voltage difference and outputs it (in this embodiment, the amplification factor is a positive value).
- the voltage difference between both ends of the resistor Rs and the output value of the differential input amplifier AMP correspond to 1: 1. That is, the current sensor 43 can convert the current value of the input current into a voltage value and output it.
- the comparison controller 44 includes a voltage comparator 52 and a coder 53.
- the voltage comparator 52 compares the voltage value output from the current sensor 43 with the internal reference value. When the output from the current sensor 43 is larger than the internal reference value, it means that the amount of current flowing through the current sensor 43 is larger than the desired value.
- the coder 53 outputs a control signal for turning on the switch element Sv2 on the ground side constituting the variable DC voltage source 41 and turning off the switch element Sv1 on the power supply side. As a result, the current output from the variable DC voltage source 41 decreases.
- the coder 53 outputs a control signal that turns off the ground-side switch element Sv2 constituting the variable DC voltage source 41 and turns on the power-side switch element Sv1. As a result, the current output from the variable DC voltage source 41 increases.
- the comparison controller 44 operates in synchronization with the external clock signal from the external clock signal source CLKO. That is, the cycle of the comparison operation in the voltage comparator 52 and the update of the control signal applied to the variable DC voltage source 41 is equal to the cycle of the external clock signal source CLKO. Even if the load connected to the DC current source Ivn fluctuates with time, the variable DC voltage source can be operated by operating the comparison controller using a clock signal source that generates a clock signal with a sufficiently short period earlier than that. The control signal for 41 is updated at a cycle shorter than the load variation cycle. With the above operation, the DC current source Ivn can keep outputting a desired current almost constant.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing another configuration example of the pulse current modulator 1.
- the pulse current modulator 1 of FIG. 7 includes a decoder 211 and a multilevel pulse current modulator 212.
- the multi-value pulse current modulator 212 includes one or more DC current sources Iv1 to IvN and current switches S1 to SN connected to output terminals of the DC current sources Iv1 to IvN.
- the current switch Sn (n is an integer of 1 or more) switches the output destination of the current output from the DC current source Ivn to the ground node or the output node of the multi-level pulse current modulator 212.
- the current output from the multilevel pulse current modulator 212 is equal to the sum of the currents output from the DC current source connected to the output node of the multilevel pulse current modulator 212 via the current switch.
- the current switches S1 to SN can be configured as shown in FIG. 3, for example.
- the DC current sources Iv1 to IvN can be configured as shown in FIG. 6, for example.
- An envelope signal ES is input to the decoder 211.
- the multilevel pulse current modulator 212 is provided with DC current sources Iv1 to IvN.
- the current value In of the DC current source Ivn is weighted by a power of 2, and is specifically I0 ⁇ 2- n .
- I0 is an arbitrary value. Specifically, I0 is set to be the maximum value of the required envelope signal when all the currents of the DC current sources Iv1 to IvN are output from the multilevel pulse current modulator 212.
- the decoder 211 assigns the control signals of the current switches S1 to SN connected to the DC current sources Iv1 to IvN in order from the upper bits of the N-bit digital signal.
- the envelope signal is an analog signal
- this analog signal is AD converted into an N-bit digital signal.
- a digital signal generated by AD conversion is input to the decoder 211.
- the possible value of the current output from the pulse current modulator according to this configuration example is the possible value of the current output from the pulse current modulator according to another configuration example having the DC current source 11 shown in FIG. 0 or the current value of the internal DC current source). Therefore, the reproduction accuracy of the envelope signal is improved. Therefore, the amount of current corrected by the linear amplifier 2 is reduced. Therefore, the power consumption Pla in the equation (2) can be reduced and the efficiency of the power supply modulator 100 can be increased.
- a power amplifier that amplifies a radio signal, a linear amplifier to which an envelope signal of the radio signal is input, a negative feedback, a power supply terminal of the power amplifier and an output of the linear amplifier via an inductor
- a pulse current modulator connected to a terminal and outputting a pulse current according to a control signal generated from an envelope signal of the radio signal, the pulse current modulator having a DC current source and an anode being the DC
- the diode is connected to the output terminal of the current source, the cathode is connected to the output terminal of the pulse current modulator, and is inserted between the output terminal of the DC current source and the ground potential, and is controlled by the control signal.
- a switching element that amplifies a radio signal, a linear amplifier to which an envelope signal of the radio signal is input, a negative feedback, a power supply terminal of the power amplifier and an output of the linear amplifier via an inductor
- a pulse current modulator connected to a terminal and outputting a pulse current according to a control signal generated from an
- Supplementary note 2 The power supply modulation according to Supplementary note 1, further comprising a filter circuit inserted between the power supply terminal of the power amplifier, the output terminal of the linear amplifier, and the pulse current modulator. vessel.
- the pulse current modulator includes N (N is an integer of 2 or more) sets of the DC current source, the diode, and the switch element, and k (k is an integer of 2 or more and N or less).
- the current value output by the DC current source of the second group is twice the current value output by the DC current source of the (k ⁇ 1) th group, and the current value of the control signal which is an N-bit digital signal is
- the power supply modulator according to any one of appendices 1 to 3, wherein each of the N sets of switch elements is controlled according to each bit.
- the pulse current modulator includes an AD converter that converts the control signal, which is an analog signal, into a digital signal of M (M is an integer of 2 or more) bits, the DC current source, the diode, and the switch element.
- the current value output by the DC current source of the jth group (j is an integer of 2 or more and M or less) is output by the DC current source of the (j ⁇ 1) th group.
- the DC current source includes a variable voltage source, an inductor connected to the variable voltage source, a current sensor that detects a current that flows through the inductor, and a current that flows through the inductor detected by the current sensor.
- the power supply modulator according to any one of appendices 1 to 5, further comprising: a comparison controller that controls an output voltage value of the variable voltage source so that a value of is a predetermined value.
- the current sensor includes a resistor to which a current flowing through the inductor is supplied, and a differential amplifier that amplifies a voltage difference between both ends of the resistor and outputs the amplified signal to the comparison controller.
- variable voltage source is inserted in series between a first power supply that outputs a power supply voltage and a second power supply that outputs a ground potential, and is controlled by the comparison controller.
- the comparison controller compares the value of the current flowing through the inductor detected by the current sensor with the predetermined value, and complements the third and fourth switch elements based on the comparison result.
- the power modulator according to appendix 8 wherein the power modulator is opened and closed automatically.
- the envelope signal of a radio signal is input into the linear amplifier to which negative feedback was applied, and the current from the pulse current modulator is output to the power supply terminal of the power amplifier that amplifies the radio signal and the output terminal of the linear amplifier
- the pulse current modulator outputs a current from the DC current source via a diode whose anode is connected to the output terminal of the DC current source and whose cathode is connected to the output terminal of the pulse current modulator.
- the control method of the power supply modulator, wherein the switch element inserted between the output terminal of the DC current source and the ground potential is controlled by the control signal generated from the envelope signal of the wireless signal.
- the present invention can be applied to communication devices such as mobile phones and wireless LANs.
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Abstract
Description
ηa=ηd・ηv ・・・(1)
ηv=(Pvvar-Plaloss)/(Pvvar+Pla)
・・・(2)
まず、本発明の実施の形態1にかかる電源変調器ついて説明する。図1は、実施の形態1に係る電源変調器100の構成を示すブロック図である。電源変調器100は、パルス電流変調器1、リニアアンプ2及び電力増幅器3により構成される。パルス電流変調器1の出力端子は、リニアアンプ2の出力端子と接続される。パルス電流変調器1の出力端子は、インダクタLを介して、さらに電力増幅器3の電源端子と接続される。
Vout=Av・Vin ・・・(3)
Vout_la=Av/(1+Av)・Vin_la ・・・(4)
Vout_la=Vin_la ・・・(5)
すなわち、リニアアンプ2は、入力電圧信号を、その値のまま、出力電圧信号として出力する。
F(s)=Rload/(s・Ladd+Rload) ・・・(6)
2、22 リニアアンプ
3、24 電力増幅器
4 フィルタ回路
11、51 DC電流源
12 電流スイッチ
21 可変電圧源
23、43 電流センサ
25、26、42 インダクタ
31、32 N型FET
33 ハイサイドゲートドライバ(HSD)
34 ローサイドゲートドライバ(LSD)
41 可変DC電圧源
44 比較制御器
52 電圧比較器
53 コーダ
100、200 電源変調器
211 デコーダ
212 多値パルス電流変調器
231 増幅器
232 抵抗
A、B 端子
C1、C2 容量
Cg 接地容量
CLKO 外部クロック信号源
AMP 差動入力型増幅器
Ds ダイオード
ES エンベロープ信号
L、L1、L2 インダクタ
S1~SN、Sn 電流スイッチ
Sv1、Sv2、SW スイッチ素子
T1 制御端子
T2、T3 信号端子
WS 無線信号
Claims (10)
- 無線信号を増幅する電力増幅器と、
前記無線信号のエンベロープ信号が入力される、負帰還がかけられたリニアアンプと、
インダクタを介して前記電力増幅器の電源端子及び前記リニアアンプの出力端子と接続され、前記無線信号のエンベロープ信号から生成された制御信号に応じてパルス電流を出力するパルス電流変調器と、を備え、
前記パルス電流変調器は、
DC電流源と、
アノードが前記DC電流源の出力端子と接続され、カソードが当該パルス電流変調器の出力端子と接続されるダイオードと、
前記DC電流源の前記出力端子と接地電位との間に挿入され、前記制御信号により制御されるスイッチ素子と、を備える、
電源変調器。 - 前記電力増幅器の前記電源端子及び前記リニアアンプの前記出力端子と、前記パルス電流変調器との間に挿入されるフィルタ回路を備えることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の電源変調器。 - 前記パルス電流変調器は、
前記DC電流源、前記ダイオード及び前記スイッチ素子からなる組をN(Nは2以上の整数)組備え、
k(kは、2以上N以下の整数)番目の組の前記DC電流源が出力する電流値は、(k-1)番目の組の前記DC電流源が出力する電流値の2倍であり、
Nビットのデジタル信号である前記制御信号のそれぞれのビットに応じて、前記N組のスイッチ素子のそれぞれが制御されることを特徴とする、
請求項1又は2に記載の電源変調器。 - 前記パルス電流変調器は、
アナログ信号である前記制御信号をM(Mは2以上の整数)ビットのデジタル信号に変換するADコンバータと、
前記DC電流源、前記ダイオード及び前記スイッチ素子からなる組をM組備え、
j(jは、2以上M以下の整数)番目の組の前記DC電流源が出力する電流値は、(j-1)番目の組の前記DC電流源が出力する電流値の2倍であり、
前記Mビットのデジタル信号のそれぞれのビットに応じて、前記M組のスイッチ素子のそれぞれが制御されることを特徴とする、
請求項1又は2に記載の電源変調器。 - 前記DC電流源は、
可変電圧源と、
前記可変電圧源と接続されるインダクタと、
前記インダクタに流れる電流を検出する電流センサと、
前記電流センサにより検出された前記インダクタを流れる電流の値が所定値となるように、前記可変電圧源の出力電圧値を制御する比較制御器と、を備えることを特徴とする、
請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の電源変調器。 - 前記電流センサは、前記インダクタを流れる電流が供給される抵抗と、
前記抵抗の両端の差電圧を増幅し、増幅した信号を前記比較制御器に出力する差動増幅器を備えることを特徴とする、
請求項5に記載の電源変調器。 - 前記可変電圧源は、
電源電圧を出力する第1の電源と接地電位を出力する第2の電源との間に直列に挿入され、前記比較制御器により制御される第3及び第4のスイッチ素子を備え、
前記第3のスイッチ素子は、前記第4のスイッチ素子に対して相補的に開閉することを特徴とする、
請求項5又は6に記載の電源変調器。 - 前記比較制御器は、
前記電流センサにより検出された前記インダクタを流れる電流の値と前記所定値とを比較し、
比較結果に基づいて、前記第3及び第4のスイッチ素子を相補的に開閉させることを特徴とする、
請求項7に記載の電源変調器。 - 前記スイッチ素子は、電界効果トランジスタ又はバイポーラトランジスタにより構成されることを特徴とする、
請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の電源変調器。 - 負帰還がかけられたリニアアンプに無線信号のエンベロープ信号を入力し、
パルス電流変調器からの電流を、無線信号を増幅する電力増幅器の電源端子及び前記リニアアンプの出力端子に出力し、
前記パルス電流変調器は、
アノードがDC電流源の出力端子と接続され、カソードが当該パルス電流変調器の出力端子と接続されるダイオードを介して、前記DC電流源からの電流を出力し、
前記無線信号のエンベロープ信号から生成された制御信号により、DC電流源の前記出力端子と接地電位との間に挿入されるスイッチ素子が制御される、
電源変調器の制御方法。
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JP2012527562A JP5725026B2 (ja) | 2010-08-03 | 2011-04-26 | 電源変調器及びその制御方法 |
EP11814219.9A EP2602932A4 (en) | 2010-08-03 | 2011-04-26 | POWER MODULATOR AND METHOD FOR ITS CONTROL |
US13/813,692 US8981851B2 (en) | 2010-08-03 | 2011-04-26 | Power supply modulator and method for controlling same |
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EP2654203A1 (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-23 | Alcatel-Lucent | An amplifier circuit, a method, and a computer program for amplifying a modulated radio-frequency signal |
WO2016021092A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-02-11 | 日本電気株式会社 | スイッチング増幅器および無線送信機 |
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KR102114726B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-23 | 2020-06-05 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전력 증폭 장치 및 방법 |
KR102372835B1 (ko) * | 2014-11-12 | 2022-03-10 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 근거리 무선 통신을 위한 복조기, 근거리 무선 통신 장치 및 이를 포함하는 전자 장치 |
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