WO2011141035A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum gasflusssputtern - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum gasflusssputtern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011141035A1 WO2011141035A1 PCT/EP2010/002860 EP2010002860W WO2011141035A1 WO 2011141035 A1 WO2011141035 A1 WO 2011141035A1 EP 2010002860 W EP2010002860 W EP 2010002860W WO 2011141035 A1 WO2011141035 A1 WO 2011141035A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sputtering
- gas flow
- coil
- voltage
- substrate
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/228—Gas flow assisted PVD deposition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3485—Sputtering using pulsed power to the target
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas flow sputtering apparatus and method wherein sputtering material to be applied to a substrate is produced by means of a gas flow sputtering source and, after leaving the gas flow sputtering source, is passed through a spool having at least one turn.
- Gas flow sputter sources normally generate a flow of sputtering material to be applied to a substrate, leaving the sputter source out of an exit. The sputtering material leaves the exit at a certain speed and then strikes the substrate to be coated.
- Hollow cathode gas flow sputter sources which allow reactive gas flow sputtering, are particularly advantageous.
- Such hollow Cathode gas flow sputter sources have a hollow cathode, on one side of which inert gas and / or reactive gas enters the hollow cathode and on the other side of which sputter material emerges from the hollow cathode.
- the hollow cathode can serve as a target from which target material is removed as a sputtering material. It is also possible that the target material of the hollow cathode reacts with the reactive gas introduced into the hollow cathode and the reaction product leaves the hollow cathode as sputtering material.
- Such a sputtering source is described, for example, in DD 294 511 A5, in which case a plurality of electrically isolated targets form a hollow cathode with a square cross-section.
- a sputtering source is described in DE 42 35 953 A1, in which case a linear hollow cathode with planar, mutually parallel electrodes of the same or similar size is used. A cavity is enclosed by the two electrodes and non-conductive side surfaces arranged perpendicular thereto, within which a hollow-cathode glow discharge can take place under suitable circumstances.
- Inertgases whereby cathode material is dusted from the hollow cathode.
- the sputtered cathode material then passes through the exit to the substrate where it deposits.
- reactive gas flow sputtering in addition to the inert gas stream, reactive gas is supplied, so that material deposited by the hollow cathode is deposited. rial react with the reactive gas. In this case, a reaction product of the reaction of the hollow cathode material with the reactive gas is deposited as a sputtering material.
- the plasma ions give off most of their energy, but only a small amount
- the generated cathode atoms therefore strike the substrate with very low energies.
- the applied atoms are usually electrically neutral, that is uncharged.
- the sputtering material must be applied with high energies.
- a bias voltage can be used only limited or not at all.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to specify an apparatus and a method for gas flow sputtering which permits the generation of electrically charged sputtering particles and a modification of applied layers by means of bias voltages and by means of which sputtering material with high kinetic energy can be applied to a substrate ,
- a device for gas flow sputtering which has a gas flow sputtering source.
- a gas-flow sputtering source is preferably a hollow-cathode gas-flow sputtering source as described above and in particular in DD 294 511, DE 42 35 953 and US Pat
- WO 2009/135652 is executed in detail.
- Such a gas flow sputter source has an exit from which sputter material, i. Sputtering particles to be deposited on a substrate emerge.
- the terms “exit” and “opening” are used synonymously here.
- the particles emerging here may in particular be particles removed from the cathode, that is to say comprise or consist of cathode material, or they may be reaction products of the cathode material with at least one reaction gas.
- the apparatus for gas flow sputtering comprises at least one coil with at least one turn.
- the spool is arranged so that sputtering material or sputtering particles emerging from the exit or opening of the gas flow sputtering source move through the spool due to their movement upon exiting the gas flow sputtering source.
- a stream of the sputtering material thus flows through the coil.
- the coil is arranged in the direction of flight of the sputter particles behind the outlet or the opening of the gas flow sputter source.
- the Sputter particles fly substantially in the direction of a coil axis of the coil. This coil axis is preferably perpendicular to a surface of the opening or the output. Particularly preferably, the coil is directly behind the output angeord net, but it is also possible that the coil is spaced from the output.
- the coil may have one or more turns.
- the windings may be designed as a wire which winds around the coil axis on a cylinder surface or which winds with increasing radius in a plane perpendicular to the coil axis.
- the one or more turns of the coil may also be formed as a flat conductor, which wind in a plane perpendicular to the coil axis with radius to be taken around the coil axis or describe a helical whose screw axis coincides with the coil axis.
- the coil axis lies with a symmetry axis of the hollow cathode on a straight line.
- the gas flow sputter source is a hollow cathode gas flow sputter source as described above.
- a hollow cathode from which the sputtering material or the particles to be sputtered emerge preferably, that opening of the hollow cathode from which the sputtering material or the sputtering particles exit, the above-mentioned outlet or opening, behind which the coil is arranged. Particles exiting the hollow cathode then pass through the coil and then strike the substrate to be coated.
- the coil is then preferably subjected to a pulsed, preferably negative, DC voltage.
- the pulsed DC voltage is preferably in the range of> 0 V, preferably 100 V, more preferably ⁇ 200 V, particularly preferably ⁇ 500 V particularly preferably ⁇ 1000V, whereby preferably the ionization can be influenced.
- the DC voltage is pulsed with at least one center frequency or at least one high frequency. This means that the return of the pulses, ie the time between the use of two adjacent pulses, leads to a corresponding medium frequency or high frequency.
- the typical frequencies are in the range of> 10 kHz to> 350 kHz, preferably in the range of ⁇ 10 kHz, preferably ⁇ 100 kHz to> 350 kHz, preferably ⁇ 200 kHz.
- the frequency is preferably 13.56 MHz.
- the released frequencies should be selected.
- the coil is operated pulsed.
- processes are characterized, which are operated with duty cycles of ⁇ 30%, usually ⁇ 10%. Due to the pulsed feed, electron / plasma densities are generated in the pulse which are orders of magnitude above the usual DC / MF conditions.
- the coil described enables the production of charged or ionized sputtering particles or sputtering material.
- a method according to the invention for gas flow sputtering can be carried out, wherein sputter material is deposited on a substrate.
- a stream of the sputtering material is produced by means of the gas flow sputtering source, that is to say a stream of sputtering particles is produced.
- the current of the sputtering material is passed through the at least one coil after leaving the gas flow sputtering source and before it hits the substrate.
- the coil is preferably applied with the pulsed DC voltage described above.
- the gas-flow sputtering apparatus described above or the gas-flow sputtering method are particularly advantageously usable for depositing dielectric layers, in particular piezoelectric layers, e.g. Lead zirconium titanate, from
- Oxide layers in particular TiO x , SiO x and the like, of tribological layers, in particular aC, aC: H, CN X and the like, as well as sensory layers, such as magnetic, piezoelectric, piezoresistive, thermoelectric and / or thermoresistive layers.
- the particles can be thermalized by the device according to the invention and the process according to the invention, in particular due to the pressure range in which the GFS processes take place. With the invention, a portion of the layer-forming material is available as ions (charged); at conventional GFS, the material is typically neutral.
- the ionized material can thus interact electrically and also be influenced by a substrate bias. This results in contrast to the gas ions to a momentum transfer when hitting the substrate between the same partners.
- the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention for gas flow sputtering make it possible to produce interactions between the sputtering particles and the substrate surface even before the sputtering material, the sputtering particles or the ions strike the substrate surface. With the additional charge of the sputtering particles, a modified layer growth can be realized.
- the device according to the invention for gas flow sputtering and the method according to the invention it is also possible, in addition to the ions of the process gas, to produce ions of the sputtering material, that is to say in particular of the target material.
- ions of the sputtering material that is to say in particular of the target material.
- insulating substrates can be coated, thicker insulating layers, denser layers, and also harder layers can be produced.
- the charged particles of the target material can additionally be accelerated, ie additional ki receive netic energy, which allows a lasting influence on the structure and morphology of the growing layer.
- the invention will be described by way of example. The features mentioned in different examples can each be individually combined with each other and realized in any other combinations.
- FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention for gas flow sputtering.
- the device for gas flow sputtering in this case has a hollow cathode gas flow sputtering source 1, which has a hollow cathode 2.
- the hollow cathode 2 is cylindrical in Figure 1. An inner wall of the cathode 2 is coated with target material 3, from which target particles 8 are detached during operation of the sputtering source.
- the hollow cathode 2 has a gas inlet opening 4 on an end face of its cylindrical shape, through which inert gas and / or reactive gas can be introduced into the hollow cathode 2.
- Inert gas can be argon, for example, here.
- For introducing the reactive gas and / or the inert gas is here
- Gas inlet 5 is provided, from which the corresponding gas flows into the gas inlet opening 4 of the hollow cathode 2. On that side of the hollow cathode 2 facing away from
- Material 3 now flows as sputter material 8 or
- a coil 10 which is formed in the example shown here in a plane around a coil axis, wherein the coil axis is located with a cylinder axis of the cylindrical hollow cathode 2 on a common straight line.
- the coil 10 can be realized with one or more flat turns or with a coil wire wound helically in said plane. Alternatively, the coil can also be wound in a cylindrical shape with flat or wire-shaped conductors.
- the coil 10 can be acted upon in the example shown with pulsed DC voltage, wherein the DC voltage is pulsed with medium or high frequency.
- the substrate 11 to be coated is arranged, on which the sputtering particles 8 are deposited.
- the sputtering particles 8 can between the hollow cathode 2 and the
- a bias voltage are applied, which is polarized so that it accelerates the sputtering particles 8 in the direction of the substrate 11.
- the electrical layers, oxide layers, tribological layers and / or sensory layers such as, for example, magnetic, piezoelectric, piezoresistive, thermoelectric and / or thermoresistive layers, can be produced on the substrate 11.
- a coating with aluminum oxide as an insulating layer is given. This was done with a coil frequency in the high frequency range of 13.56 MHz, with a bias / coil voltage in the range between 0 and 2,000 volts was used. The growth of a denser structure was observed with a significant reduction of the defects and an increase of the dielectric strength, ie an improvement of the insulation properties.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2010/002860 WO2011141035A1 (de) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum gasflusssputtern |
DE112010005558.0T DE112010005558B4 (de) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Gasflusssputtern |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2010/002860 WO2011141035A1 (de) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum gasflusssputtern |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011141035A1 true WO2011141035A1 (de) | 2011-11-17 |
Family
ID=42342862
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2010/002860 WO2011141035A1 (de) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum gasflusssputtern |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE112010005558B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011141035A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4339592A1 (de) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-03-20 | Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin | Analyseverfahren mit beschichtetem träger |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017203647A1 (de) | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-13 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Spiegel mit einer piezoelektrisch aktiven Schicht |
DE102017115153A1 (de) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-01-10 | VON ARDENNE Asset GmbH & Co. KG | Beschichtungsanordnung und Verfahren |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4235953A1 (de) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-04-28 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Sputterquelle |
DE19635669C1 (de) * | 1996-09-03 | 1997-07-24 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung von Substraten mittels Gasflußsputtern |
US20050006232A1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-01-13 | Wen-Pin Chiu | [ionized physical vapor deposition process and apparatus thereof] |
US20080067063A1 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-03-20 | Makoto Nagashima | Systems and methods for magnetron deposition |
WO2009135652A1 (de) * | 2008-05-05 | 2009-11-12 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum hochleistungs-puls-gasfluss-sputtern |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD294511A5 (de) * | 1990-05-17 | 1991-10-02 | Adw Zentralinstitut Fuer Elektronenphysik,De | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum reaktiven gasflusssputtern |
US6342133B2 (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2002-01-29 | Novellus Systems, Inc. | PVD deposition of titanium and titanium nitride layers in the same chamber without use of a collimator or a shutter |
US7038389B2 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2006-05-02 | Applied Process Technologies, Inc. | Magnetron plasma source |
-
2010
- 2010-05-10 DE DE112010005558.0T patent/DE112010005558B4/de active Active
- 2010-05-10 WO PCT/EP2010/002860 patent/WO2011141035A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4235953A1 (de) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-04-28 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Sputterquelle |
DE19635669C1 (de) * | 1996-09-03 | 1997-07-24 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung von Substraten mittels Gasflußsputtern |
US20050006232A1 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-01-13 | Wen-Pin Chiu | [ionized physical vapor deposition process and apparatus thereof] |
US20080067063A1 (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-03-20 | Makoto Nagashima | Systems and methods for magnetron deposition |
WO2009135652A1 (de) * | 2008-05-05 | 2009-11-12 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum hochleistungs-puls-gasfluss-sputtern |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4339592A1 (de) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-03-20 | Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin | Analyseverfahren mit beschichtetem träger |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112010005558A5 (de) | 2013-03-14 |
DE112010005558B4 (de) | 2016-02-18 |
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