WO2011109993A1 - 一种钢渣余热有压自解装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种钢渣余热有压自解装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011109993A1
WO2011109993A1 PCT/CN2010/075797 CN2010075797W WO2011109993A1 WO 2011109993 A1 WO2011109993 A1 WO 2011109993A1 CN 2010075797 W CN2010075797 W CN 2010075797W WO 2011109993 A1 WO2011109993 A1 WO 2011109993A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slag
tank
self
steel slag
pressure
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PCT/CN2010/075797
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙健
钱雷
王纯
范永平
董春柳
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中冶建筑研究总院有限公司
中国京冶工程技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2011109993A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011109993A1/zh

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B5/00Treatment of  metallurgical  slag ; Artificial stone from molten  metallurgical  slag 
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/08Cooling slag
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/02Physical or chemical treatment of slags
    • C21B2400/022Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
    • C21B2400/024Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag with the direct use of steam or liquid coolants, e.g. water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/066Receptacle features where the slag is treated
    • C21B2400/068Receptacle features where the slag is treated with a sealed or controlled environment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/066Receptacle features where the slag is treated
    • C21B2400/072Tanks to collect the slag, e.g. water tank
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to waste heat utilization, solid waste treatment and resource utilization technology in steel metallurgy process, in particular to converter steel slag treatment generated in converter steelmaking process, and particularly relates to steel slag residual heat pressure self-decomposing device and method .
  • the hot pouring method is to pour molten liquid steel slag into a hot splash field, and naturally cool by water or air, followed by crushing and magnetic separation;
  • the hot boring method is to pour the molten liquid steel slag into a hot scum pool and cool it by watering.
  • the crushing and magnetic separation treatment are performed; when the molten steel slag is poured, the molten steel slag is cooled and crushed into particles by high pressure water; the air quenching method is similar to the water quenching method, and the air quenching method is high pressure The air cools the molten steel slag and breaks it into granules.
  • the hot pouring method has low efficiency and pollutes the environment; the hot stuffing method, the water quenching method and the air quenching method use air or water forced cooling, and the efficiency is high, but the hot stuffing method and the water quenching method are directly contacted by the water and the molten steel slag, possibly An explosion will occur; although the air quenching method is forced to cool by air, the compressed air consumes a large amount of noise and is noisy.
  • the drum method refers to pouring liquid steel slag into the slag tank, transported to the drum slag treatment room by the slag tanker, and then transporting the slag tank to the drum slag discharge device slot by the crane, and pouring into the drum device, the liquid steel slag is on the drum After the spray water is cooled, solidified, and crushed at the same time, it is discharged to the slag field through the plate conveyor.
  • the problem to be solved in this process is that the steel slag treatment rate is generally below 50%, and there is still a large amount of dry slag discharge; the system equipment has high power consumption, the equipment failure rate is high, and the investment is large; the steel slag is not easily crushed and granulated, The equipment is seriously worn and the inner steel balls are often replaced.
  • the granulating wheel process transports the liquid steel slag to the treatment workshop.
  • the slag tank is slowly hoisted by a crane, poured into a high-speed rotating granulating wheel, and the steel slag is broken and granulated.
  • the water spray After the water spray is cooled, it falls into the pool, and the steel slag After being treated by the granulating wheel water quenching method, the particle size is small, the steel slag is densely crystallized, difficult to grind, and the gelation performance is deteriorated, which affects the application of the steel slag in the building materials industry.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a steel slag residual heat pressure self-solving device, which utilizes residual heat of steel slag to treat steel slag in a closed pressure vessel to achieve rapid stabilization and pulverization of steel slag in the converter.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a steel slag residual heat pressure self-dissolving treatment method, which achieves stable treatment and pulverization treatment in a short time by using a steel slag residual heat pressure self-dissolving device.
  • a steel slag residual heat pressure self-solving device comprises: a waste heat self-decomposing tank body, a tank door, a slag tank containing steel slag, a slag tank bracket for placing a slag tank, a slag track, and a top of the tank inner wall
  • a water spray device and a control device disposed on the inner wall of the tank for controlling the pressure self-solving process.
  • the waste heat self-discharging tank body is a horizontal cylindrical pressure vessel, and a tank door is provided at one end thereof.
  • the residual heat is provided with a slag tank bracket at the bottom of the tank body, and the slag tank containing the steel slag is placed on the slag tank bracket.
  • the waste heat self-decomposing tank body is provided with a slag track, and the slag trough enters and exits the waste heat self-decomposing tank body through the slag track.
  • the waste heat self-discharging tank is provided with a water spraying device at the top of the inner wall of the tank, and the water spraying device is arranged axially along the top of the inner wall of the residual heat self-deacting tank.
  • the inner wall of the tank is provided with a control device for controlling the pressure self-solving process, and includes a pressure detecting device, a temperature detecting device and a safety device disposed at different positions of the waste heat self-decomposing tank body to prevent the waste heat self-solving tank The body explodes due to excessive temperature or pressure.
  • the waste heat self-decomposing tank body is provided with a steam exhausting device, a draining device and a cooling system, and the steam discharging device and the draining device are respectively located at the top and bottom of the outer wall of the waste heat self-solving tank.
  • the cooling system provided on the waste heat self-discharging tank body comprises two parts of the inner cooling of the tank body and the outer cooling of the tank body, and the inner cooling of the tank body can cool the slag tank, the slag tank bracket and the inner wall of the tank body, and the outer cooling body of the tank body The outer wall of the tank and the tank door are cooled.
  • the diameter of the tank door is equal to the diameter of the waste heat self-deacting tank body, and the residual heat self-deacting tank body can be fully opened after the tank door is opened.
  • the tank door is provided with an opening and closing mechanism, a locking mechanism and a sealing mechanism.
  • the slag trough is a clamshell structure, which is divided into two left and right lobes, and the two lobes can be rotated around the central rotating shaft, and can be automatically discharged from the bottom after being opened.
  • the steel slag residual heat pressure self-discharging device is a set of pressure vessel equipment.
  • a steel slag residual heat pressure self-solving method comprises the following steps: (1) loading slag, loading a certain temperature solid hot steel slag into the slag trough, the slag trough entering the waste heat self-decomposing tank body through the transport slag track, closing the tank door and locking;
  • the water spray is boosted, and the water spray device sprays water to the steel slag in the slag tank.
  • the water generates steam according to the hot slag and accumulates in the waste heat self-decomposing tank body to form a certain pressure; at the same time, the sprayed water causes the steel slag to be quenched. , causing the surface of the steel slag to break and crack;
  • the control device includes a pressure detecting device, a temperature detecting device and a safety device disposed at different positions of the waste heat self-decomposing tank body to prevent the waste heat self-desorbing tank body from exploding due to excessive temperature or pressure.
  • the steel slag contained in the slag tank is 300 ⁇ 800 °C solid hot steel slag.
  • the steel slag in the slag tank is self-de-pulverized in a steam pressure atmosphere of 0.3 to 0.6 MPa.
  • the above-mentioned residual heat pressure self-dissolving treatment method is: pushing a slag tank containing a certain temperature (300 ⁇ 800 ° C) steel slag into the waste heat self-decomposing tank body and placing it on the slag tank bracket; closing the tank door and sealing and locking The water spray from the top of the tank of the waste heat self-solving tank to the steel slag; the hot slag is quenched by water, the surface layer is rapidly cooled, the stress caused by the temperature difference causes the surface of the steel slag to be broken and cracks are generated; and the residual heat of the steel slag is generated after heating the water.
  • a large amount of low-pressure water vapor quickly covers the surface of the steel slag and penetrates into the crack, and rapidly reacts with the free CaO in the slag to form Ca(OH) 2 , the structure of the structure changes, the specific gravity becomes smaller, and the expansion occurs due to the increase of the solid phase volume. It has an expansion stress, which causes rapid pulverization and fragmentation of the slag. Since the reaction process is carried out in a closed pressure vessel, the water vapor formed after the water spray is not discharged, and a certain pressure and temperature atmosphere is formed in the tank. Under the action of the pressure, the steam can penetrate into the massive steel slag through the micro crack.
  • the internal reaction is carried out instead of merely staying on the surface of the steel slag, increasing the reaction rate and causing the slag to further rapidly chip and pulverize.
  • the above process is repeated, from the surface to the inside, until the free CaO in the steel slag Fully digested and the steel slag is self-pulverized, so that the steel slag which has undergone pressure self-dissolving treatment after residual heat can achieve the two purposes of stable treatment and powder treatment in a short time. Therefore, the residual heat pressure self-solving technology is an advanced treatment technology that simultaneously solves the rapid stabilization and pulverization of converter steel slag.
  • the invention utilizes the residual heat of steel slag to treat the steel slag in the closed pressure vessel, does not consume external energy, does not generate dust, saves energy and protects the environment; during the process, the water does not contact with the molten steel slag, and the pressure vessel is equipped with safety device, safe and reliable;
  • the method has the advantages of short processing period, good powdering effect, sufficient digestion of free CaO in the steel slag, good stability of the treated steel slag, and can be used for building materials and roads, and can realize recycling of steel slag.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a left side view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
  • Figure 1, 2, 3 is a schematic structural view of a steel slag residual heat pressure self-decomposing device according to the present invention, including a waste heat self-solving tank body 1, a tank door 2, a slag tank 3, a slag tank bracket 4, and a slag track 5
  • the waste heat self-solving tank body 1 is a horizontal cylindrical pressure vessel, and one end thereof is provided with a tank door 2; the residual heat self-discharging tank body 1 and the tank door 2 are used to form a closed space, so that the steel slag is sealed therein Self-de-pulping in space.
  • the slag tank 3 is a clamshell structure, which is divided into two left and right lobes. The two lobes can be rotated around the central rotating shaft. After opening, the slag trough can be automatically discharged from the bottom, and the slag trough is used for holding steel slag.
  • the slag tank support 4 is used to support the slag tank 3.
  • the slag track 5 is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the waste heat self-decomposing tank body 1, and the slag tank 3 enters and exits the waste heat self-decomposing tank body 1 through the slag track 5.
  • the water spraying device 6 is arranged axially along the top of the inner wall of the waste heat self-decomposing tank body 1, and the water spraying device 6 is used for spraying water to the hot slag.
  • the control device 7 comprises a pressure detecting device 7-1, a temperature detecting device 7-2 and a safety device 7-3, a pressure detecting device 7-1, a temperature detecting device 7-2 and a safety device 7-3, arranged in the residual heat
  • the self-de-stacking tank 1 and the plurality of positions of the tank door 2 prevent the waste heat from being exploded from the tank body 1 due to excessive temperature or pressure.
  • the safety device 7-3 is composed of a safety valve and an explosion-proof membrane.
  • the steam exhausting device 8 is located at the top of the outer wall of the waste heat self-solving tank body 1, and the steam discharging device 8 is used for discharging waste heat from the steam in the tank body 1 to maintain the constant pressure in the tank.
  • the drain device 9 is located at the bottom of the outer wall of the waste heat self-decomposing tank body 1, and the drain device 9 is for removing the waste heat from the inside of the tank body 1.
  • the cooling system 10 includes two parts of the inner cooling of the tank and the outer cooling of the tank.
  • the inside of the tank is cooled to cool the slag tank 3, the slag tank bracket 4 and the inner wall of the tank, and the external cooling of the tank cools the outer wall of the tank and the tank door 2.
  • the diameter of the tank door 2 is equal to the diameter of the waste heat self-decomposing tank body 1. After opening, the residual heat self-decomposing tank body 1 can be fully opened; the tank door 2 is provided with an opening and closing mechanism, a locking mechanism and a sealing mechanism; The mechanism is for opening and closing the tank door 2; the locking mechanism is for locking the tank door 2; and the sealing mechanism is for sealing the tank door 2 and the tank body 1.
  • the steel slag residual heat pressure self-solution method comprises the following steps: (1) loading slag, loading solid hot steel slag having a temperature of 300-800 ° C into the slag tank 3, and the slag tank 3 enters the waste heat through the slag track 5 In the self-solving tank body 1, the tank door 2 is closed and locked;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

一种钢渣余热有压自解装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及钢铁冶金过程中的余热利用、 固体废弃物处理和资源化利用 技术, 尤其是转炉炼钢过程中所产生的转炉钢渣处理, 具体涉及到一种钢渣 余热有压自解处理装置及方法。
背景技术
目前, 钢渣处理的方式很多, 有热泼法、 热闷法、 水淬法、 风淬法、 滚 筒粒化法和粒化轮法等。 热泼法是将熔融液态钢渣倒在热泼场内, 通过打水 或空气自然冷却, 随后进行破碎、 磁选处理; 热闷法是将熔融液态钢渣倒在 热闷池内, 通过打水冷却, 待钢渣粉化后进行破碎、 磁选处理; 水淬法是倾 倒熔融液态钢渣时, 用高压水将熔融钢渣冷却并击碎成颗粒; 风淬法与水淬 法相似, 风淬法是用高压空气将熔融钢渣冷却并击碎成颗粒。 热泼法处理钢 渣效率低, 污染环境; 热闷法、 水淬法以及风淬法采用空气或水强制冷却, 效率较高, 但是热闷法与水淬法由于水与熔融钢渣直接接触, 可能会发生爆 炸; 风淬法虽是用空气强制冷却破碎, 但是压缩空气消耗量大, 噪音大。 滚 筒法是指将液态钢渣倒入渣罐后, 经渣罐车运输到滚筒渣处理间, 然后经吊 车将渣罐吊运到滚筒进渣装置槽口, 并倒入滚筒装置内, 液态钢渣在滚筒内 同时完成喷水冷却、 固化、 破碎后, 经板式输送机排出到渣场。 该工艺有待 解决的问题: 钢渣处理率低一般在 50%以下, 仍有大量干渣排放; ***设备 动力能耗高, 设备的故障率较高, 投资大; 钢渣不易被击碎粒化, 对设备磨 损严重, 内装钢球经常更换。 粒化轮工艺是将液态钢渣运至处理车间后, 采 用吊车将渣罐慢慢吊起, 倒入高速旋转的粒化轮中, 使钢渣破碎粒化, 喷水 冷却后落入水池中, 钢渣经粒化轮水淬方法处理后, 粒度小, 钢渣结晶致密, 难磨细, 其胶凝性能变差, 影响钢渣在建材行业应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种钢渣余热有压自解装置, 利用钢渣余热在密 闭压力容器内对钢渣进行处理, 以达到转炉内钢渣的快速稳定化和粉化。 本发明的另一目的在于提供一种钢渣余热有压自解处理方法, 通过利用 钢渣余热有压自解装置使钢渣在短时间内达到稳定处理和粉化处理。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种钢渣余热有压自解装置, 该装置包括: 余热自解罐罐体、 罐门、 盛 放钢渣的渣槽、 安放渣槽的渣槽支架、 运渣轨道、 在罐体内壁顶部设置的喷 水装置和罐体内壁上设置的用于控制有压自解过程的控制装置。
所述余热自解罐罐体为一卧式圆筒状压力容器, 在其一端设有罐门。 所述余热自解罐罐体底部设有渣槽支架, 盛放钢渣的渣槽被安放在渣槽 支架上。
所述余热自解罐罐体内设有运渣轨道, 通过运渣轨道完成渣槽进出余热 自解罐罐体。
所述余热自解罐罐体内壁顶部设置有喷水装置, 喷水装置沿余热自解罐 罐体内壁顶部轴向布置。
所述罐体内壁上设置用于控制有压自解过程的控制装置, 包括在余热自 解罐罐体的不同位置设置的压力检测装置、 温度检测装置和安全装置, 以防 止余热自解罐罐体因温度或压力过高而***。
所述余热自解罐罐体设有排汽装置、 排水装置和冷却***, 排汽装置与 排水装置分别位于余热自解罐罐体外壁的顶部与底部。
所述余热自解罐罐体上设置的冷却***包括罐体内部冷却和罐体外部冷 却两部分, 罐体内部冷却可对渣槽、 渣槽支架和罐体内壁进行冷却, 罐体外 部冷却对罐体外壁及罐门进行冷却。
所述罐门的直径与余热自解罐罐体直径相等, 罐门打开后该余热自解罐 罐体可以全部敞开。
所述罐门配有开闭机构、 锁紧机构及密封机构。
所述渣槽为一蛤壳式结构, 分为左右两瓣, 两瓣可以绕中心的转轴转动, 打开后可以从底部自动卸料。
该钢渣余热有压自解装置是一套压力容器设备。
一种钢渣余热有压自解处理方法, 包括如下步骤: ( 1 ) 装渣, 将一定温度固态热钢渣装入渣槽, 渣槽通过运渣轨道进入余 热自解罐罐体中, 关闭罐门并锁紧;
( 2) 喷水升压, 喷水装置向渣槽内的钢渣喷水, 水遇热渣产生蒸汽并在 余热自解罐罐体内积聚, 从而形成一定的压力; 同时喷入的水使钢渣急冷, 导致钢渣表层碎裂并产生裂缝;
( 3 ) 有压自解, 渣槽内的钢渣在一定的蒸汽压力氛围中产生自解粉化, 从而实现钢渣稳定化处理;
( 4) 控制反应, 在有压自解的过程中, 通过控制装置实时控制余热自解 罐罐体内的压力、 温度以及水量等重要参数;
( 5 ) 冷却, 待钢渣余热有压自解结束后, 继续向钢渣喷水, 以将所述的 钢渣继续冷却降温;
( 6 ) 出渣, 打开排汽装置和排水装置, 排出剩余蒸汽和水; 打开罐门, 将粉化和稳定化处理后的钢渣通过运渣轨道运出。
所述控制装置包括在余热自解罐罐体的不同位置设置的压力检测装置、 温度检测装置和安全装置, 以防止余热自解罐罐体因温度或压力过高而***。
装入渣槽中的钢渣为 300~800°C固态热钢渣。
渣槽内的钢渣在 0.3~0.6MPa的蒸汽压力氛围中产生自解粉化。
上述余热有压自解处理方法是, 将装有一定温度 (300~800°C )钢渣的渣槽 推入余热自解罐罐体中并放置于渣槽支架上; 关闭罐门并密封锁紧; 由余热 自解罐罐体顶部的喷水装置向钢渣喷水; 热渣遇水急冷, 表层迅速降温, 由 温差产生的应力使钢渣表层碎裂并产生裂缝; 而钢渣余热加热水后产生的大 量低压水蒸气很快覆盖于钢渣的表面并渗入裂缝中, 与渣中的游离态 CaO迅 速反应生成 Ca(OH)2, 其组织结构发生变化, 比重变小, 由于固相体积增大产 生膨胀, 具有膨胀应力, 造成了渣的迅速粉化碎裂。 由于反应过程是在密闭 的压力容器内进行的, 喷水后形成的水蒸气不外排, 罐内形成一定的压力和 温度气氛, 在压力的作用下, 蒸汽通过微细裂缝可以深入到块状钢渣的内部 进行反应, 而不是仅仅停留在钢渣的表面, 提高了反应速度, 使渣块进一步 迅速碎裂、 粉化。 上述过程反复进行, 由表及里, 直到钢渣中的游离态 CaO 充分消解并且钢渣自身粉化, 使经过余热有压自解处理的钢渣在短时间内达 到稳定处理和粉化处理二大目的。 因此余热有压自解处理技术是同时解决了 转炉钢渣快速稳定化和粉化的先进处理技术。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明利用钢渣余热在密闭压力容器内对钢渣进行处理, 不消耗外部能 源, 不会产生粉尘, 节能环保; 处理过程中, 水不与熔融钢渣接触, 压力容 器配有安全装置, 安全可靠; 另外本方法处理周期短, 粉化效果好, 能充分 消解钢渣中的游离态 CaO, 处理后的钢渣稳定性好, 可以用于建材和道路等 方面, 能实现钢渣的资源化循环利用。
附图说明
图 1为本发明的主视图。
图 2为图 1中的俯视图。
图 3为图 1中的左视图。
图 4为本发明的剖视图。
附图主要符号说明
1余热自解罐罐体 2罐门 3渣槽 4渣槽支架 5运渣轨道
6喷水装置 7控制装置 7- 1压力检测装置 7-2温度检测装置
7-3安全装置 8排汽装置 9排水装置 10冷却*** 具体实施方式
如图 1、 2、 3 为本发明一种钢渣余热有压自解处理装置的结构示意图, 包括余热自解罐罐体 1、 罐门 2、 渣槽 3、 渣槽支架 4、 运渣轨道 5、 喷水装置 6、 控制装置 7、 排汽装置 8、 排水装置 9和冷却*** 10; 其中控制装置包括 压力检测装置 7-1、 温度检测装置 7-2和安全装置 7-3。
所述的余热自解罐罐体 1为一卧式圆筒状压力容器, 其一端设有罐门 2; 余热自解灌罐体 1 与罐门 2用于组成密闭空间, 使钢渣在此密闭空间内自解 粉化。
所述的渣槽 3 为一蛤壳式结构, 分为左右两瓣, 两瓣可以绕中心的转轴 转动, 打开后可以从底部自动卸料, 渣槽用于盛放钢渣。 所述的渣槽支架 4用于支撑渣槽 3。
所述的运渣轨道 5位于余热自解罐罐体 1 内壁底部, 渣槽 3通过运渣轨 道 5进出余热自解罐罐体 1。
所述的喷水装置 6沿余热自解罐罐体 1 内壁顶部轴向布置, 喷水装置 6 用于向热渣喷水。
所述的控制装置 7包括压力检测装置 7-1、 温度检测装置 7-2和安全装置 7-3 , 压力检测装置 7- 1、 温度检测装置 7-2和安全装置 7-3, 布置在余热自解 罐罐体 1 以及罐门 2的多个位置, 防止余热自解罐罐体 1 因温度或压力过高 而***。
所述安全装置 7-3由安全阀和防爆膜构成。
所述的排汽装置 8位于余热自解罐罐体 1外壁顶部, 排汽装置 8用于排 放余热自解罐罐体 1内蒸汽以维持罐内定压。
所述的排水装置 9位于余热自解罐罐体 1外壁底部, 排水装置 9用于排 除余热自解罐罐体 1内部的水。
所述的冷却*** 10包括罐体内部冷却和罐体外部冷却两部分。 罐体内部 冷却可对渣槽 3、渣槽支架 4和罐体内壁进行冷却, 罐体外部冷却对罐体外壁 及罐门 2进行冷却。
所述的罐门 2的直径与余热自解罐罐体 1直径相等, 打开后余热自解罐 罐体 1可以全部敞开; 罐门 2配有开闭机构、 锁紧机构及密封机构; 开闭机 构用于开启和关闭罐门 2; 锁紧机构用于锁紧罐门 2; 密封机构用于密封罐门 2和罐体 1。
所述的一种钢渣余热有压自解方法包括如下步骤: (1 ) 装渣, 将温度为 300~800°C的固态热钢渣装入渣槽 3, 渣槽 3通过运渣轨道 5进入余热自解罐 罐体 1中, 关闭罐门 2并锁紧;
( 2 ) 喷水升压, 喷水装置 6向渣槽 3内的钢渣喷水, 水遇热渣产生蒸汽 并在余热自解罐罐体 1内积聚, 从而形成 0.3~0.6MPa的蒸汽压力; 同时喷入 的水使钢渣急冷, 导致钢渣表层碎裂并产生裂缝;
( 3 ) 有压自解, 渣槽 3 内的钢渣在 0.3~0.6MPa的蒸汽压力氛围中产生 自解粉化, 从而实现钢渣稳定化处理;
( 4) 控制反应, 在有压自解的过程中, 通过控制装置 7实时控制余热自 解罐罐体 1内的压力、 温度以及水量等重要参数;
( 5 ) 冷却, 待钢渣余热有压自解结束后, 继续向钢渣喷水, 以将所述的 钢渣继续冷却降温;
( 6) 出渣, 打开排汽装置 8和排水装置 9, 排出剩余蒸汽和水; 打开罐 门 2, 将粉化和稳定化处理后的钢渣通过运渣轨道 5运出。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 该装置包括: 余热自解罐 罐体 (1) 、 罐门 (2) 、 盛放钢渣的渣槽 (3) 、 安放渣槽的渣槽支架 (4) 、 运渣轨道 (5) 、 在罐体内壁顶部设置的喷水装置 (6) 和罐体内壁上设置的 用于控制有压自解过程的控制装置 (7) 。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 余热自 解罐罐体 (1) 为一卧式圆筒状压力容器, 在其一端设有罐门 (2) 。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 余热自 解罐罐体 (1) 底部设有渣槽支架 (4) , 盛放钢渣的渣槽 (3) 被安放在渣槽 支架 (4) 上。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 余热自 解罐罐体 (1) 内设有运渣轨道 (5) , 通过运渣轨道 (5) 完成渣槽 (3) 进 出余热自解罐罐体 (1) 的。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 余热自 解罐罐体 (1) 内壁顶部设置有喷水装置 (6) , 喷水装置 (6) 沿余热自解罐 罐体 (1) 内壁顶部轴向布置。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 罐体内 壁上设置用于控制有压自解过程的控制装置(7),包括在余热自解罐罐体(1) 的不同位置设置的压力检测装置(7-1)、温度检测装置(7-2)和安全装置(7-3), 以防止余热自解罐罐体 (1) 因温度或压力过高而***。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 6所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 余 热自解罐罐体 (1) 设有排汽装置 (8) 、 排水装置 (9) 和冷却*** (10) , 排汽装置 (8) 与排水装置 (9) 分别位于余热自解罐罐体 (1) 外壁的顶部与 底部。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 余热自 解罐罐体 (1) 上设置的冷却*** (10) 包括罐体内部冷却和罐体外部冷却两 部分, 罐体内部冷却可对渣槽 (3) 、 渣槽支架 (4) 和罐体内壁进行冷却, 罐体外部冷却对罐体外壁及罐门 (2) 进行冷却。
9、根据权利要求 1所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置,其特征在于:罐门(2) 的直径与余热自解罐罐体 (1) 直径相等, 罐门 (2) 打开后该余热自解罐罐 体 (1) 可以全部敞开。
10、 根据权利要求 1或 9所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 所述罐门 (2) 配有开闭机构、 锁紧机构及密封机构。
11、 根据权利要求 1或 6或 8所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在 于: 所述渣槽 (3) 为一蛤壳式结构, 分为左右两瓣, 两瓣可以绕中心的转轴 转动, 打开后可以从底部自动卸料。
12、 根据权利要求 1 所述的钢渣余热有压自解装置, 其特征在于: 该装 置是一套压力容器设备。
13、 一种钢渣余热有压自解处理方法, 其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1) 装渣, 将一定温度固态热钢渣装入渣槽 (3) , 渣槽 (3) 通过运渣 轨道 (5) 进入余热自解罐罐体 (1) 中, 关闭罐门 (2) 并锁紧;
(2) 喷水升压, 喷水装置 (6) 向渣槽 (3) 内的钢渣喷水, 水遇热渣产 生蒸汽并在余热自解罐罐体 (1) 内积聚, 从而形成一定的压力; 同时喷入的 水使钢渣急冷, 导致钢渣表层碎裂并产生裂缝;
(3) 有压自解, 渣槽 (3) 内的钢渣在一定的蒸汽压力氛围中产生自解 粉化, 从而实现钢渣稳定化处理;
(4) 控制反应, 在有压自解的过程中, 通过控制装置 (7) 实时控制余 热自解罐罐体 (1) 内的压力、 温度以及水量等重要参数;
(5) 冷却, 待钢渣余热有压自解结束后, 继续向钢渣喷水, 以将所述的 钢渣继续冷却降温;
(6) 出渣, 打开排汽装置 (8) 和排水装置 (9) , 排出剩余蒸汽和水; 打开罐门 (2) , 将粉化和稳定化处理后的钢渣通过运渣轨道 (5) 运出。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的钢渣余热有压自解处理方法, 其特征在于: 所述控制装置包括在余热自解罐罐体 (1) 的不同位置设置的压力检测装置
(7-1) 、 温度检测装置 (7-2) 和安全装置 (7-3) , 以防止余热自解罐罐体 ( 1 ) 因温度或压力过高而***。
15、 根据权利要求 13或 14所述的钢渣余热有压自解处理方法, 其特征 在于: 装入渣槽中的钢渣为 300~800°C固态热钢渣。
16、 根据权利要求 14或 15所述的钢渣余热有压自解处理方法, 其特征 在于: 渣槽内的钢渣在 0.3~0.6MPa的蒸汽压力氛围中产生自解粉化。
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