WO2011108559A1 - 加速度スイッチ及び電子デバイス - Google Patents
加速度スイッチ及び電子デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011108559A1 WO2011108559A1 PCT/JP2011/054682 JP2011054682W WO2011108559A1 WO 2011108559 A1 WO2011108559 A1 WO 2011108559A1 JP 2011054682 W JP2011054682 W JP 2011054682W WO 2011108559 A1 WO2011108559 A1 WO 2011108559A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acceleration switch
- mass body
- acceleration
- weight
- electrode
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/14—Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch
- H01H35/141—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/0036—Switches making use of microelectromechanical systems [MEMS]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/14—Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acceleration switch and an electronic device including the acceleration switch.
- FIG. 19 is a top view of a conventional acceleration switch.
- This acceleration switch 100 includes a peripheral portion 101, four beams 102 to 105, a mass body (weight) 106, and a counter electrode 107. It is comprised so that it may support with four beams which fixed the one end of the periphery to the peripheral part. Further, according to the acceleration applied to the acceleration switch, the mass body and the counter electrode arranged inside the mass body come into contact with each other, so that an external device connected to the acceleration switch detects vibration.
- This acceleration switch can be used as a normally-off and omnidirectional switch, and can be manufactured on the basis of a silicon single crystal by using semiconductor manufacturing technology, so that it can be relatively small and mass-produced. There are various merits such as points.
- this accelerometer switch is installed in a portable device that can contain only a small-capacity battery, for example, if it does not detect human vibrations, that is, when the device is not used, it stops operating and vibrates.
- an electronic device electronic device that does not use a useless battery can be realized by automatically starting the operation.
- an acceleration switch that senses vibration due to applied acceleration and turns the device on and off preferably senses the direction of any vibration and may therefore be omnidirectional. It will be advantageous. For this reason, as shown in Patent Document 1, the weight is supported by a plurality of beams so that vibration of the weight (mass body) is not biased by acceleration.
- Acceleration switches mounted on such portable devices are highly demanded for miniaturization, so it is advantageous that the outer dimensions of the acceleration switch are smaller.
- the number of beams supporting the weight is increased as in the conventional acceleration switch, the movement of the weight due to acceleration, that is, the amount of displacement becomes smaller, and as a result, the sensitivity of the acceleration switch decreases. Further, if the number of beams is increased, a large area for arranging the beams is required, which is disadvantageous for downsizing the acceleration switch. Further, since the weight is reduced when the acceleration switch is downsized, in order to secure high sensitivity, it is necessary to make the shape of the beam more flexible and secure a larger displacement amount of the weight.
- the acceleration switch needs to ensure the shock resistance that can withstand the impact when dropped, and also has the dimensions and shape of the beam that can withstand the impact from the outside.
- the acceleration switch must operate reliably upon receiving a predetermined vibration, and the device including the acceleration switch needs to be activated.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and its object is to provide an acceleration switch that is small, highly sensitive, ensures shock resistance, and operates reliably upon receiving predetermined vibrations.
- An electronic device including an acceleration switch is realized.
- An acceleration switch is disposed so as to support a mass body having a space inside, bend due to an inertial force applied to the mass body when receiving the acceleration, and surround the mass body.
- An arc-shaped beam a support portion that supports the beam and is fixed, and is arranged around the mass body, and contacts the mass body when subjected to acceleration in the space of the mass body.
- the counter electrode to be detected is provided, the beam supporting the mass body is one, and the distance between the inner surface of the mass body and the outer surface of the counter electrode is 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less. It is characterized by.
- the electrode interval is formed under the condition of 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, and the accuracy of sensitivity required for the acceleration switch is ensured. Moreover, even if the size is reduced, the area occupied by the beam is smaller than that of a plurality of switches because of a single beam, so the volume of the mass body can be secured and the length of the beam can be secured. Thus, it is possible to realize an acceleration switch that ensures a large amount of displacement of the mass body and has sufficient sensitivity.
- the thickness h of the beam and the width w of the beam include a beam set based on the following equation.
- ⁇ is the displacement amount of the mass body
- E is the Young's modulus of the material
- the displacement amount ⁇ satisfies the condition of 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less corresponding to the electrode interval.
- the displacement amount of the mass body can be set to a predetermined value by changing the ratio of the beam thickness and the beam width. Can be realized.
- the acceleration switch includes a beam in which the width w of the beam and the thickness h of the beam are set based on the following equations.
- ⁇ is the displacement of the mass body
- ⁇ is the density of the mass body material
- R is the radius of the beam
- r 1 is the radius outside the mass body
- r 2 is the radius of the space inside the mass body
- H is the thickness of the mass body.
- E is the Young's modulus of the beam material
- ⁇ is the Poisson's ratio of the beam material
- the displacement ⁇ satisfies the conditions of 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less corresponding to the electrode interval.
- the beam width w and beam thickness h can be set to the optimum conditions while maximizing the space of the mass body.
- an acceleration switch that operates reliably with a predetermined vibration can be realized.
- the beam has a width of 4 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less.
- acceleration switch even if the acceleration switch is downsized, the accuracy of the beam width is ensured, the space of the mass body is secured to the maximum, and the acceleration switch that operates reliably with predetermined vibration is realized. Can do.
- the beam has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less and a thickness of the mass body or less.
- this acceleration switch it is possible to ensure the impact resistance necessary to withstand the impact applied to the beam when dropped, and to realize an acceleration switch that operates reliably with specified vibration even if the acceleration switch is downsized. Can do.
- the external dimensions of the acceleration switch main body including the support, the mass body, the beam, and the counter electrode are 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less.
- the acceleration switch whose outer dimensions including the support portion, the mass body, the beam, and the counter electrode are 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less, the flexibility of setting the beam width and beam thickness Even if the acceleration switch is downsized, the sensitivity of the acceleration switch can be set widely.
- the external dimensions of the acceleration switch main body including the support portion, the mass body, the beam, and the counter electrode are 0.5 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and the width of the beam is 4 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less,
- the beam has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less and a thickness of the mass body or less.
- An acceleration switch having an outer dimension of 0.5 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less of the acceleration switch body including the support, the mass body, the beam, and the counter electrode is smaller than an acceleration switch having an outer dimension of about 2 mm. Therefore, the production cost per acceleration switch can be suppressed. Moreover, since the space for mounting the acceleration switch can be made smaller, it can be mounted on a smaller electronic device.
- a distance between one end of the beam on the mass body side and the other end of the beam on the support portion side is greater than a maximum distance between the counter electrode and the inner surface of the mass body;
- the distance between the mass body and the other end of the beam on the support portion side is larger than the maximum distance between the counter electrode and the inner surface of the mass body, and (3) the distance between the one end of the beam on the mass body side and the support portion. Is larger than the maximum distance between the counter electrode and the inner surface of the mass body.
- the acceleration switch in the acceleration switch, the distance between the inner surface of the mass body and the side surface of the counter electrode, that is, the electrode interval, (1) The end, (2) the mass body and the other end of the beam on the support part side, and (3) increasing the distance between the end of the beam on the mass body side and the support part before the weight and the counter electrode come into contact with each other. Because the phenomenon that the mass body and the beam or the support part and the beam or beams contact each other can be avoided, it is possible to reliably detect the vibration with the acceleration switch even when a certain level of vibration is applied in the horizontal direction. .
- the first substrate, the mass body, the counter electrode, the beam, the second substrate including the support portion, and a third substrate are stacked, and the first substrate is A first through electrode and a second through electrode, which have a contact point connected to an external circuit and serve as a contact point connected to the support portion or the counter electrode, and the first substrate and the third substrate are: It is joined to the support part and the counter electrode included in the second substrate.
- the mass body, the beam, and the counter electrode can be protected from the external environment by joining the first substrate and the third substrate so as to sandwich the second substrate. Furthermore, since the connection with the external electronic device can be ensured through the first and second through electrodes penetrating the first substrate, the vibration is transmitted through the mounting of the acceleration switch and the substrate to be mounted. It is possible to easily realize electrical connection with the electronic device to be detected.
- the counter electrode includes a plurality of electrode portions.
- this acceleration switch it is possible to detect not only the vibration above a certain level but also the direction in which the acceleration is applied by detecting the presence or absence of contact between the plurality of electrode portions and the mass body with an external circuit. Thus, it is possible to detect the moving direction of the acceleration switch and the inclination direction with respect to the acceleration switch.
- the electronic device further includes a circuit that includes the acceleration switch, detects a detection signal output from the acceleration switch, and performs a predetermined operation according to the detection signal.
- the electronic device by mounting the acceleration switch that is small, highly sensitive, and normally off, when the vibration is not detected, that is, when the device is not used, the device is stopped and the vibration is
- the electronic device can be controlled to operate automatically only when the device is detected, that is, when the device is in use. Therefore, the electronic device can be reduced in size and power consumption at a low cost. Become.
- an electronic device including an acceleration switch and an acceleration switch that ensures a required impact resistance, is small and has high sensitivity, and operates reliably with a predetermined vibration.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an acceleration switch along the AA ′ plane in FIG. 1. It is a top view of the cap layer (first substrate) of the acceleration switch according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation
- FIG. 1 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the acceleration switch which performs the 2nd and 3rd simulation. It is explanatory drawing which shows the cross-sectional structure of the acceleration switch which used the SOI wafer as a 2nd board
- FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of the acceleration switch along the CC ′ plane of the acceleration switch of FIG. 15. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an acceleration switch 10 according to the present invention. Note that above and below this cross section, there is a first substrate that serves as a cap layer and a third substrate that serves as a support layer.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the plane AA ′ shown in FIG. 1, and also includes a cap layer and a support layer. 1 corresponds to a cross section taken along the plane BB ′ of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a top view of the upper cap layer omitted in FIG. Further, as in FIG. 1, a longitudinal sectional view taken along the plane AA ′ of FIG. 3 is also shown in FIG.
- the acceleration switch 10 includes, from above, a first substrate 15 using an insulating material such as glass, a second substrate 11 using single crystal silicon, and a first substrate using an insulating material such as glass.
- the three substrates 16 are configured to be stacked on each other.
- the second substrate 11 has a support portion 11a, a beam 12, a weight (mass body) 13, and a counter electrode 14 formed by silicon etching.
- One end of the beam 12 is fixed to the support portion 11 a arranged around the second substrate 11, and the other end is fixed to the weight 13.
- One end of the beam 12 on the support portion 11a side is a connection portion 12a, and the other end on the beam weight 13 side is a connection portion 12b.
- the weight 13 has a space formed on the inner side, is disposed on the inner side of the beam 12, and is supported by the beam.
- the counter electrode 14 is disposed in a space formed inside the weight 13.
- the acceleration switch 10 is subjected to a certain level of vibration in the horizontal direction, the counter electrode 14 contacts the weight and moves the weight within a certain range. regulate.
- the single crystal silicon of the second substrate 11 uses low-resistance silicon or the like in order to establish electrical continuity from the beam 12 to the counter electrode 14 via the weight 13.
- the through electrodes 17 and 18 are formed so as to penetrate the first substrate 15 by embedding a conductor such as gold, and one end thereof is electrically connected to the support portion 11 a that supports the beam 12 and the counter electrode 14. Then, the other end is electrically connected to an external circuit.
- the first substrate 15 and the third substrate 16 are bonded to the second substrate 11 by a method such as anodic bonding.
- the operation of the acceleration switch according to the present invention will be described based on the explanatory diagram of FIG. In FIG. 4, in order to make the movement of the weight 13 easy to understand, the beam around the weight and its peripheral portion are omitted.
- the entire acceleration switch excluding the weight moves in the direction of the arrow.
- the counter electrode 14 and the weight 13 arranged in the space inside the weight come into contact with each other. Thereby, electrical conduction between the weight 13 and the counter electrode 14 is ensured, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the beam 12, the support portion 11a, and the through electrode 17 are always electrically connected. Only when acceleration of a certain value or more is applied to the acceleration switch 10, the weight 13 and the counter electrode 14 are in contact with each other, and the through electrode 17 and the through electrode 18 are electrically connected.
- the displacement of the weight is placed in the gap between the weight and the support portion 11a.
- the beam 12 is formed as long as possible for the purpose of securing the amount, the connection portion 12a between the beam and the support portion and the connection portion 12b between the beam and the weight are necessarily close to each other.
- the connection portion 12a and the connection portion 12b are too close, the connection portion 12a and the connection portion 12b contact each other before the weight 13 and the counter electrode 14 contact each other, thereby causing a certain level of vibration in the horizontal direction.
- the acceleration switch according to the present invention the distance (distance) between the one end 12a of the beam support portion and the other end of the weight (mass body) is secured more than the distance (distance) between the inner surface of the weight and the counter electrode 14. By doing so, the weight and the counter electrode are reliably brought into contact with each other with a certain vibration or more.
- the acceleration switch according to the present invention secures the distance (distance) between the one end of the beam on the support portion side and the weight outer surface of the beam more than the distance between the inner surface of the weight (mass body) and the counter electrode. The weight and the counter electrode are reliably brought into contact with each other at a predetermined vibration or higher.
- the acceleration switch according to the present invention secures a distance between one end on the beam support portion side and the other end on the beam weight (mass body) side more than the distance between the inner surface of the weight and the counter electrode. The weight and the counter electrode are reliably in contact with each other at a predetermined vibration or more.
- an electronic device that can detect vibration by using the acceleration switch according to the present invention as a start switch of the electronic device will be described.
- This electronic device is connected to the acceleration switch described so far, and detects the change in the open / close state of the acceleration switch as a detection signal via the through electrodes 17 and 18 of the acceleration switch. I do. In other words, it activates itself when vibration is detected, and stops itself (off) or keeps it in a dormant state when it detects no vibration, or shifts from a start (on) state to a stop or dormant state. Since the use of the battery is restricted, the electronic device can be reduced in size and power consumption at a low cost. [Sensitivity of single-beam acceleration switch-first simulation]
- an acceleration switch having a space at the center of the weight and having a counter electrode inside the space, in order to make the sensitivity in the plane direction uniform, it is possible to reduce the bias by supporting the weight with a plurality of beams. Therefore, it is suitable for an omnidirectional acceleration switch.
- the number of beams increases, the amount of displacement of the weight decreases, and the sensitivity decreases. Therefore, the deviation of the amount of displacement of the weight is verified in the plane direction of the acceleration switch in which the weight is supported by one beam, and the possibility of use in the case of one beam is examined. Even if the weight is supported by one beam, if the displacement is not biased, it is basically more sensitive than the case where it is supported by two or more beams, and the space occupied by the beam can be reduced. This is advantageous for realizing a miniaturized switch.
- a first simulation is performed based on the acceleration switch model shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 to verify the sensitivity isotropic property of the single beam acceleration switch.
- single crystal silicon is used as the material of the structure, and an acceleration of 1 G is applied to the ⁇ Z axis direction corresponding to gravity and the XY plane direction corresponding to applied vibration.
- the first simulation for calculating the displacement amount of the weight is performed, and the presence or absence of variation in the displacement amount of the acceleration switch that supports the weight with one beam, that is, the sensitivity isotropic property is verified. This corresponds to a state in which the acceleration switch is placed horizontally and acceleration is applied in the plane direction.
- FIG. 5 is a top view of the acceleration switch 20, and a model is created on the XY plane with the intersection of the X axis and the Y axis as (0, 0).
- 6 is a longitudinal sectional view on the X-axis of FIG.
- FIG. 5 models not only the whole acceleration switch like the acceleration switch shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but only the structure part including the movable part necessary for the simulation.
- the maximum displacement amount of the weight 23 is calculated under two kinds of conditions of the beam thickness of 20 and 40 ⁇ m. This simulation is performed using a coventor.
- the outer edge of the weight 23 is formed by combining two semicircular arcs.
- the left half of the arc outside the weight is modeled under the condition of the radius (b1) outside the weight below, and the right half of the arc outside the weight is modeled as the arc connecting the ends of the left half arc with the coordinates shown in FIG. Yes.
- the space inside the weight is a right-left symmetrical circle and is modeled under the condition of the weight inner radius (a1).
- the inner diameter (c1) of the support portion 21a corresponding to the outer frame of the left half of the arc, the radius (d1) inside the beam, and the radius (e1) outside the beam are modeled under the following conditions.
- the beam width (f1), the beam-to-weight outer side and the beam-to-support spacing (g1) (g2), the beam thickness (h1), and the weight thickness (i1) are modeled under the following conditions. .
- the thickness of the structure including the thickness (i1) of the weight is equal to the left and right.
- Conditions for the first simulation model (unit: ⁇ m)
- Inner diameter of outer frame (c1): 635 Radius inside the beam (d1): 605 Radius of outer shape of beam (e1): 615
- the coordinates of the intersections of the outer edges of the left and right weights, the inner edges of the support portions corresponding to the beams and the outer frame, and the X axis and the Y axis are shown as follows. These are the coordinates of the intersections of the outer edges of the left and right weights shown in FIG. 7, the inner edges of the beams and the outer frame, and the X and Y axes.
- the physical property values of single crystal silicon which is the material of the first substrate used in the first simulation, are as follows. Young's modulus E: 165 GPa Poisson's ratio ⁇ : 0.30 Density ⁇ : 2500 Kg / m 3
- a first simulation result obtained by adding 1 G acceleration in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with the shape shown in FIG. 5 is as follows.
- X and Y axis coaxial sensitivity difference between the maximum displacement amount in the X axis direction when acceleration is applied in the X axis direction and the maximum displacement amount in the Y axis direction when acceleration is applied in the Y axis direction Is about 0.12%, indicating almost the same amount of displacement in the X and Y directions.
- X-axis other-axis sensitivity When acceleration is applied in the X-axis direction, the amount of displacement in the Y-direction as the inclination (the other-axis displacement amount) is about 14% of the maximum displacement amount in the X-direction (the beam thickness is 20%) and about 15% (when the beam thickness is 40 ⁇ m).
- the acceleration switch supports the weight with a single arc-shaped beam, it is coaxial in the X direction and Y direction, which is the sensitivity in the acceleration application direction. It is clear that the sensitivity is almost the same, and the other-axis sensitivity, which is the sensitivity in the in-plane vertical direction with respect to the acceleration application direction, is much less than the coaxial sensitivity, which is the sensitivity in the acceleration application direction.
- the acceleration switch shown in FIG. 5 has a single-beam and one-turn configuration of the beam that supports the weight, even in an acceleration switch that has two or three turns of the beam configuration that supports the weight, Obviously, it has isotropic sensitivity. In addition, it is possible to adopt a beam configuration of less than one turn as long as the isotropic sensitivity is not impaired. [Acceleration switch beam condition-second simulation]
- the best beam conditions are analyzed in an acceleration switch with a single beam configuration. Specifically, based on the second simulation model, each condition of an acceleration switch having an outer dimension of 2 mm (square) is set, various beam width and beam thickness conditions are varied, and the displacement amount of the weight under various conditions is set. By obtaining the best beam conditions, the best beam conditions of the acceleration switch are defined.
- FIG. 8 is a top view of the acceleration switch 30 serving as a model of the second simulation
- FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the acceleration switch of FIG.
- the acceleration switch 30 includes a support portion 31a, a beam 32, a weight (mass body) 33, and a counter electrode 34, which are formed by etching a silicon substrate. Further, the electrode interval between the inner surface of the weight 33 and the outer surface of the counter electrode 34 is set to 35.
- the weight 33 can be easily manufactured if the thickness of the silicon substrate is used as it is. The thicker the silicon substrate itself, the larger the displacement amount of the weight, and the sensitivity of the acceleration switch can be increased.
- the thickness of the silicon substrate is desirably 500 ⁇ m or less. In this simulation, the thickness of the silicon substrate is set to 350 ⁇ m.
- the support portion 31a of the acceleration switch is also a bonding area that is required when used for anodic bonding or the like.
- As a condition for this area in the case of an acceleration switch having an outer dimension of 2 mm, it is necessary to secure a bonding margin of about 20%, that is, about 200 ⁇ m on one side and a total area of about 400 ⁇ m on both sides of the chip. Therefore, the diameter dimension including the outer periphery of the weight and the beam arranged around the weight is about 1600 ⁇ m. Further, when the beam width is about 5 to 10 ⁇ m, it is necessary to secure a gap between the beam and the weight and between the beam and the support portion, so that the dimension outside the weight is about 1550 ⁇ m. In this simulation, the diameter of the weight is set to 1550 ⁇ m.
- This acceleration switch is presumed to be used in a portable device power saving application worn by humans.
- the system is turned on, and when vibration is not detected, That is, since it is assumed that the device stops using the device when the human is at rest or resting, the required sensitivity is about 1G or less, or 1G or less.
- a beam shape condition required when acceleration 1G is applied to the acceleration switch is calculated.
- the acceleration switch may be installed upright without being installed horizontally. In this case, since gravity 1G is added as an offset in the vertical direction, a switch of 2G sensitivity is required to obtain 1G sensitivity.
- the sensitivity of the acceleration switch is proportional to the amount of displacement of the weight, and inversely proportional to the electrode interval, which is the distance between the weight inner surface and the counter electrode side surface. If the displacement of the weight is 10 ⁇ m when acceleration of 1 G is applied to the acceleration switch, the distance between the electrodes is set to 10 ⁇ m so that the counter electrode and the weight are in contact and electrically connected, and finally the acceleration switch The electronic device connected to is detected as a detection signal. This acceleration switch with an electrode interval of 10 ⁇ m becomes an acceleration switch with a sensitivity of 1 G.
- the electrode interval is an important factor that determines sensitivity, and is set according to the assumed applied acceleration when designing the acceleration switch. For example, the sensitivity of the acceleration switch can be increased by setting the electrode interval shorter.
- the beam dimensions are limited in terms of manufacturing, and are subject to silicon etching process restrictions as well as electrode spacing. Similar to the above-described conditions for creating the gaps between the electrodes, when using the Bosch process, the thickness of the silicon substrate: 350 ⁇ m can be set to a beam width of about 1 ⁇ m. Due to restrictions such as reproducibility and accuracy in manufacturing, a beam width of about 4 ⁇ m is a practical minimum value.
- the beam thickness as shown in the explanatory diagram of the acceleration switch 40 shown in FIG. 10, if an SOI wafer including the SOI layer 49 is used as the second substrate 41, the thickness of the active layer is used as it is. Therefore, restrictions on the dimensions that can be manufactured due to the reproducibility and accuracy of manufacturing are reduced, and a certain dimensional accuracy can be ensured. However, considering the shock resistance when the acceleration switch is dropped, it is necessary to avoid making the beam thickness extremely thin. Therefore, about 5 ⁇ m is a practical minimum value of the beam thickness.
- the displacement amount of the weight is the displacement amount ⁇ in the x direction when 1G acceleration is applied to the acceleration switch in the x direction, and is calculated based on the following equation (1).
- the condition of the expression (1) is based on the conditions of the first simulation for conditions such as the physical properties of silicon, which is a material of the beam and weight, and for the other conditions, the weight of the acceleration switch of 2 mm described above and Set based on each condition such as beam shape and electrode spacing.
- the beam width w and the displacement amount of the weight effective as the acceleration switch are satisfied.
- the condition of the beam thickness h was obtained.
- the second simulation result is shown in the graph of FIG. 11 and the table of FIG.
- ⁇ is the weight displacement
- ⁇ is the density of the weight material
- ⁇ is the circumference
- r 1 is the outer radius of the weight
- r 2 is the radius of the inner space of the weight
- H is the thickness of the weight
- a is the applied acceleration
- R is the radius of the beam
- E is the Young's modulus of the beam material
- ⁇ is the Poisson's ratio of the beam material.
- the equation (1) of the displacement amount ⁇ is used as an approximate expression, and the material, weight and beam of the second substrate
- the equation (2) of the displacement amount ⁇ excluding the constant that does not vary depending on the shape is taken as the proportional equation.
- the graph of FIG. 11 shows the beam thickness (horizontal axis) when each condition of the acceleration switch having an outer dimension of 2 mm is set and 1 G (9.8 N) is added as the acceleration a in the plane direction (x direction) of FIG. And the beam width (line type) and the displacement of the weight (vertical axis).
- the table of FIG. 12 shows the displacement amount of the weight according to various beam thickness and beam width conditions, and the shaded portion shows the condition where the weight contacts the counter electrode under the condition of the electrode interval of 1 ⁇ m.
- the condition of the electrode spacing of 1 ⁇ m corresponds to the lower limit value of the electrode spacing that can be produced by the silicon etching process.
- the lower limit value of the electrode interval that can be produced by the silicon etching process is 1 ⁇ m
- the lower limit value of the electrode interval is defined as 1 ⁇ m.
- the electrode spacing is too wide, in addition to securing the gap between the weight and the counter electrode, it is also necessary to secure the gap between the weight and the beam and between the beam and the support portion. 20 ⁇ m.
- the range of this electrode interval that is, 1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less is defined as the first condition of the acceleration switch.
- the beam width has a lower limit value that can be produced by the silicon etching process, and the value is 4 ⁇ m. Therefore, when the lower limit value of the beam width is defined as the second condition of the acceleration switch, it becomes 4 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit value of the beam thickness for ensuring the impact resistance in the vertical direction is defined as the third condition of the acceleration switch, it is 5 ⁇ m.
- the beam width and the beam thickness satisfying the condition are shown in FIG. It is the beam width and beam thickness corresponding to the shaded portion of the table. Therefore, if the fourth condition of the acceleration switch is defined including the second condition and the third condition of the acceleration switch described above, specifically, the beam width is 4 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, the beam thickness is 5 ⁇ m or more, and The range is 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the beam thickness is defined by the above-described condition of the desirable silicon substrate thickness: 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the actual beam thickness is defined to be equal to or less than the thickness of the weight.
- the more preferable upper limit of the beam width is 20 ⁇ m or less.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 a third simulation is performed with the structure shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, assuming a smaller acceleration switch, and the best beam condition is analyzed. Specifically, by setting the conditions of an acceleration switch with an outer dimension of 1 mm (square), varying the various beam width and beam thickness conditions, and obtaining the displacement of the weight under various conditions, the best beam conditions To determine the best beam conditions for the accelerometer switch.
- the displacement amount ⁇ of the weight in the x direction when 1 G acceleration in the X direction is applied to the acceleration switch having an outer dimension of 1 mm is calculated based on the above equation (1).
- the condition of the expression (1) in this third simulation is based on the conditions of the first simulation for the conditions such as the physical properties of silicon, which is the material of the beam and the weight, and the outer shape shown below for the other conditions. Based on the conditions of an acceleration switch with a dimension of 1 mm.
- the beam width w satisfying the displacement amount of the weight effective as the acceleration switch is obtained by performing the third simulation based on the above equation (1) under various conditions using the conditions of the acceleration switch having the outer dimension of 1 mm.
- the condition of the beam thickness h was obtained.
- the results of the third simulation are shown in the graph of FIG. 13 and the table of FIG.
- the graph of FIG. 13 sets the conditions of an acceleration switch having an outer dimension of 1 mm, and the beam thickness (horizontal axis) and beam width when 1 G is added as acceleration a to the plane direction (X direction) of FIG. (Line type) and weight displacement (vertical axis) are shown. Further, the table of FIG. 14 shows the displacement amount of the weight under various beam thickness and beam width conditions, and the shaded portion shows the condition where the weight contacts the counter electrode under the condition of the electrode interval of 1 ⁇ m. Note that the condition of the electrode spacing of 1 ⁇ m corresponds to the lower limit value of the electrode spacing that can be produced by the silicon etching process.
- the beam width is defined as 4 ⁇ m, which is the lower limit value of the beam width that can be produced by the silicon etching process, as the second condition of the acceleration switch.
- the beam thickness 5 ⁇ m, which is the lower limit value of the beam thickness necessary to ensure the impact resistance at the time of dropping, is defined as the third condition of the acceleration switch.
- the beam width and the beam thickness satisfying the condition are shown in FIG. It is the beam width and beam thickness corresponding to the shaded portion of the table. Therefore, when the fifth condition of the acceleration switch is defined including the second condition and the third condition of the acceleration switch described above, specifically, the beam width is in the range of 4 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, and the beam thickness is The range is 5 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the beam thickness is defined by the above-described condition of the desirable silicon substrate thickness: 500 ⁇ m or less. Further, in order to secure the displacement amount of the weight, it is more advantageous to make the beam thickness thinner than the thickness of the weight. Therefore, the upper limit value of the actual beam thickness is defined to be equal to or less than the thickness of the weight.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an acceleration switch 50 that is divided into a plurality of electrodes and detects vibrations in a plurality of directions. Note that a first substrate 55 serving as a cap layer and a third substrate 56 serving as a support layer exist above and below the cross section.
- FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of the acceleration switch shown in FIG. 15 taken along the plane AA ′. FIG. 16 includes the first substrate 55 and the third substrate 56. 15 corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along the plane BB ′ of FIG. Comparing the acceleration switch 50 and the acceleration switch 10 shown in FIG.
- the support portion 51a, the beam 52, and the weight (mass body) 53 have the same configuration, but the weight is adjusted in accordance with the vibration detection direction of the acceleration switch.
- a counter electrode group 54 composed of a plurality of electrode portions 54a and 54b arranged along the inner surface of each of the second through electrode groups 58a and 58b of the second through electrode group 58 corresponding to the second through electrode.
- the operation of the acceleration switch 50 will be described based on the explanatory diagram of FIG. First, when acceleration in the arrow direction Px1 is applied to the acceleration switch, the entire acceleration switch excluding the weight moves in the arrow direction Px1. On the other hand, since the weight supported by the beam does not move because acceleration is not directly applied, the weight 53 comes into contact with the electrode portion 54a disposed in the space inside the weight. Thereby, electrical conduction between the weight 53 and the electrode portion 54a is ensured, and the first through electrode 57 and the first through electrode portion 58a are electrically connected as shown in FIGS. On the other hand, since the weight 53 and the electrode part 54b do not contact, the 1st penetration electrode and the penetration electrode part 58b are not electrically connected.
- the first through electrode 57 of the acceleration switch 50 and the through electrode portions 58a and 58b of the second through electrode group 58 are connected to an external circuit, and the first through electrode 57, the through electrode portion 58a, or the first
- the vibration direction can be detected, and the vibration direction and inclination direction with respect to the acceleration switch can be detected. It becomes possible to do.
- the vibration direction is detected by providing the necessary number of electrode parts that are in contact with the inner surface of the weight, divided in the radial direction, and arranged in the circumferential direction. can do.
- the electrode portions 64a to 64d arranged in the circumferential direction along the inner side surface of the weight according to the vibration detection direction.
- the counter electrode group 64 provided may be replaced with the counter electrode 14 of the acceleration switch 10 and further replaced with a first substrate (not shown) including a second through electrode group connected to each electrode surface.
- the technical scope of the present invention does not limit the above-described embodiment, and variations can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- the technical scope of the present invention does not limit the external dimensions of the acceleration switch to 2 mm square and 1 mm square, nor does it limit the sensitivity of the acceleration switch to 1 G.
- Various changes can be made according to the size of the switch and the sensitivity assumed when designing the acceleration switch.
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Abstract
Description
また、加速度スイッチは、所定の振動を受けて確実にスイッチが動作し、この加速度スイッチを含む機器を起動させる必要がある。
以下、本発明を実施するための実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。
まず、加速度スイッチに矢印方向に加速度が加わると、重りを除く加速度スイッチ全体は矢印方向に運動する。一方、梁で支えられた重りは、直接加速度が加わらず運動しないため、重り内部の空間に配置されている対向電極14と重り13が接触する。これにより、重り13と対向電極14との電気的導通が確保され、図1,2で示すように、梁12、支持部11a、貫通電極17とは常時、電気的に接続されているため、一定値以上の加速度が加速度スイッチ10に加わる場合に限り、重り13と対向電極14が接触し、貫通電極17と貫通電極18は電気的に接続する。
[1本梁の加速度スイッチの感度等方性-第1のシミュレーション]
しかし、この場合、梁の本数が多くなるために、重りの変位量は小さくなって、感度が低下する。そこで、重りを梁1本で支えた加速度スイッチの平面方向について、重りの変位量の偏りを検証し、1本梁の場合の使用の可否を検討する。1本梁で重りを支えた場合でも変位量の偏りがなければ、2本以上の梁で支持した場合と比較して、基本的に高感度であり、梁の占めるスペースも少なくできるため、加速度スイッチの小型化を実現するためには、有利となる。
第1のシミュレーションモデルの条件 (単位はμm)
重り内側の半径(a1): 100
重り外側の半径(b1): 585
外枠の内径(c1): 635
梁の内側の半径(d1): 605
梁の外形の半径(e1): 615
梁幅(f1): 10
梁と重り外側との間隔(g1): 20
梁と支持部との間隔(g2): 20
梁厚(h1): 20 及び 40
重りの厚さ(i1): 350
X軸との交点 x1:(635,0)
x2:(615,0)
x3:(605,0)
x4:(585,0)
x5:(-570,0)
x6:(-590,0)
x7:(―600,0)
x8:(-620,0)
Y軸との交点 y1:(0,635)
y2:(0,615)
y3:(0,605)
y4:(0,585)
y5:(0,575)
y6:(0,555)
y7:(0,-585)
y8:(0,-605)
y9:(0,-615)
y10:(0,-635)
ヤング率E : 165GPa
ポアソン比ν : 0.30
密度σ : 2500Kg/m3
(1a)梁厚が20μmの場合の重りの変位量
X方向の最大値:23.67μm
Y方向の最大値: 3.42μm
(1b)梁厚が40μmの場合の重りの変位量
X方向の最大値:12.17μm
Y方向の最大値: 1.87μm
(2a)梁厚が20μmの場合の重りの変位量
Y方向の最大値:23.70μm
X方向の最大値: 0.65μm
(2b)梁厚が40μmの場合の重りの変位量
Y方向の最大値:12.09μm
X方向の最大値: 0.34μm
(1)X,Y軸の同軸感度:X軸方向に加速度を加えた場合のX軸方向の最大変位量と 、Y軸方向に加速度を加えた場合のY軸方向の最大変位量との差は0.12%程度であ り、X、Y方向にほぼ同等の変位量を示す。
(2)X軸の他軸感度:X軸方向に加速度を加えた場合、傾きとしてY方向へ変位する 量(他軸変位量)は、X方向の最大変位量の14%程度(梁厚が20μmの場合)、及 び15%程度(梁厚が40μmの場合)である。
(3)Y軸の他軸感度:Y軸方向に加速度を加えた場合、傾きとしてX方向へ変位する 量(他軸変位量)は、Y方向の最大変位量の2.7%程度(梁厚が20μmの場合)、 及び2.8%程度(梁厚が40μmの場合)である。
[加速度スイッチの梁の条件-第2のシミュレーション]
のx方向の変位量δであり、下記の式(1)に基づき算出する。また、式(1)の条件は
、梁及び重りの材料であるシリコンの物性等の条件については前記第1のシミュレーションの条件に基づき、その他の条件については、上述した2mmの加速度スイッチの重り及び梁形状、電極間隔等の各条件に基づき設定する。
外形寸法2mmの加速度スイッチの各条件 (単位:μm)
重り内の半径(r1): 155
重り外形の半径(r2): 760
梁幅(w) : 可変
電極間隔(35): 限定せず
梁厚(h): 可変
重りの厚さ(H): 350
(線種)と重りの変位量(縦軸)を示す。また、図12の表は、種々の梁厚及び梁幅条件による重りの変位量を示し、斜線部分は、電極間隔1μmの条件で、重りが対向電極に接触する条件を示す。なお電極間隔1μmの条件はシリコンエッチングプロセスで作製可能な電極間隔の下限値に対応する。
最初に、シリコンエッチングプロセスで作製可能な電極間隔の下限値が1μmであるため、電極間隔の下限値を規定すると1μmとなる。また、電極間隔が広すぎる場合、重りと対向電極間の隙間の確保に加えて、重りと梁及び梁と支持部との隙間も確保する必要があることから、電極間隔の上限値を規定すると20μmとなる。この電極間隔の範囲、すなわち1μm以上、かつ20μm以下を加速度スイッチの第1条件として規定する。
[加速度スイッチの梁の条件-第3のシミュレーション]
外形寸法1mm(角)の加速度スイッチの各条件 (単位:μm)
重り内の半径(r2): 77.5
重り外形の半径(r1): 380
梁幅(w): 可変
電極間隔(35): 限定せず
梁厚(h): 可変
重りの厚さ(H): 350
上述したように、シリコンエッチングプロセスで作製可能な電極間隔の下限値が1μmであるため、電極間隔の下限値を規定すると、1μmとなる。また、電極間隔が広すぎる場合、重りと対向電極間の隙間のみならず、重りと梁及び梁と支持部との隙間も確保する必要があることから、電極間隔の上限値を規定すると20μmとなる。この電極間隔について、1μm以上、かつ20μm以下の範囲を加速度スイッチの第1条件として規定する。
11,21,31,41,51 第2基板
12,22,32,42,52 梁
13,23,33,53 重り
14,34 対向電極
15,55 第1基板
16,56 第3基板
17,57 第2の貫通電極(支持部側)
18,58 第2の貫通電極(対向電極側)
100 従来の加速度スイッチ
Claims (13)
- 内側に空間を備える質量体と、
前記質量体を支え、加速度を受けたときに前記質量体にかかる慣性力により撓み、かつ前記質量体を取り囲むように配置される円弧状の梁と、
前記梁を支持し、固定した状態で前記質量体の周囲に配置される支持部と、
前記空間内に、加速度を受けたときに前記質量体との接触を検出する対向電極とを備え、
前記質量体を支える梁は1本であり、
前記質量体の内側面と前記対向電極の外側面との距離となる電極間隔は1μm以上、かつ20μm以下であることを特徴とする加速度スイッチ。 - 請求項1記載の加速度スイッチにおいて、前記梁の幅は4μm以上、かつ60μm以下であることを特徴とする加速度スイッチ。
- 請求項1記載の加速度スイッチにおいて、前記梁の厚さは5μm以上、500μm以下で、かつ質量体の厚さ以下であることを特徴とする加速度スイッチ。
- 支持部と質量体と梁と前記対向電極を含む加速度スイッチ本体部の外形寸法が、0.5mm以上、かつ3mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の加速度スイッチ。
- 支持部と質量体と梁と対向電極を含む加速度スイッチ本体部の外形寸法が0.5mm以上、かつ1.5mm以下であり、前記梁の幅が4μm以上、かつ20μm以下であって、前記梁の厚さが5μm以上、かつ500μm以下で、かつ質量体の厚さ以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の加速度スイッチ。
- 前記梁の質量体側の一端と前記梁の支持部側の他端との距離が、前記対向電極と前記質量体の内面との最大距離より大きいことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の加速度スイッチ。
- 前記梁の質量体側の一端と前記支持部との距離が、前記対向電極と前記質量体の内面との最大距離より大きいことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の加速度スイッチ。
- 前記質量体と前記梁の支持部側の他端との距離が、前記対向電極と前記質量体の内面との最大距離より大きいことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の加速度スイッチ。
- 前記加速度スイッチは、第1基板と、前記質量体と前記対向電極と前記梁と前記支持部を含む第2基板と、第3基板とが積層される構成であり、
前記第1基板は、外部回路と接続する接点を有し、前記支持部または前記対向電極と接続する接点とする第1の貫通電極と第2の貫通電極とを含み、
前記第1基板と前記第3基板は、前記第2基板に含まれる前記支持部及び前記対向電極とに接合されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の加速度スイッチ。 - 前記対向電極は、複数の電極部を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の加速度スイッチ。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の加速度スイッチと、前記加速度スイッチから出力される検出信号を検出し、前記検出信号に応じた所定の動作を行う回路と、を備えることを特徴とする電子デバイス。
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CN103163329A (zh) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-06-19 | 精工电子有限公司 | 加速度信号处理装置 |
JP2013160743A (ja) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-19 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 加速度スイッチおよび電子デバイス |
JP2013229116A (ja) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-11-07 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 加速度信号処理装置および電子デバイス |
JP2015152527A (ja) * | 2014-02-18 | 2015-08-24 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 電子デバイス、及び電子デバイスの製造方法 |
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CN104143473B (zh) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | 加速度开关及其控制方法 |
CN103594283B (zh) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-08-19 | 重庆大学 | 一种微机械横向振动加速度开关 |
JP2015161547A (ja) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-09-07 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 電子デバイス |
JP6247122B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-17 | 2017-12-13 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 電子デバイス |
JP6219758B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-25 | 2017-10-25 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 電子デバイス |
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JP2013229116A (ja) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-11-07 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 加速度信号処理装置および電子デバイス |
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