WO2011026434A1 - 高钛盐酸浸出渣、其新用途及钛白粉的制备方法 - Google Patents

高钛盐酸浸出渣、其新用途及钛白粉的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2011026434A1
WO2011026434A1 PCT/CN2010/076579 CN2010076579W WO2011026434A1 WO 2011026434 A1 WO2011026434 A1 WO 2011026434A1 CN 2010076579 W CN2010076579 W CN 2010076579W WO 2011026434 A1 WO2011026434 A1 WO 2011026434A1
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hydrochloric acid
titanium
leaching
sulfuric acid
acid leaching
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PCT/CN2010/076579
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈树忠
王·鲍勃·政琦
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沙立林
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Priority to EP10813356.2A priority Critical patent/EP2474633B1/en
Priority to US13/393,805 priority patent/US9206055B2/en
Priority to JP2012527194A priority patent/JP5792727B2/ja
Priority to CA2772576A priority patent/CA2772576C/en
Priority to RU2012107645/02A priority patent/RU2518860C2/ru
Priority to AU2010291627A priority patent/AU2010291627B2/en
Publication of WO2011026434A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011026434A1/zh
Priority to ZA2012/01511A priority patent/ZA201201511B/en
Priority to HK12113577.0A priority patent/HK1172659A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/04Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C01G23/047Titanium dioxide
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    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/04Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C01G23/047Titanium dioxide
    • C01G23/053Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
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    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G23/00Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/04Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C01G23/047Titanium dioxide
    • C01G23/053Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts
    • C01G23/0536Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts by hydrolysing chloride-containing salts
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09CTREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/36Compounds of titanium
    • C09C1/3607Titanium dioxide
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C22B3/10Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1204Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 preliminary treatment of ores or scrap to eliminate non- titanium constituents, e.g. iron, without attacking the titanium constituent
    • C22B34/1213Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 preliminary treatment of ores or scrap to eliminate non- titanium constituents, e.g. iron, without attacking the titanium constituent by wet processes, e.g. using leaching methods or flotation techniques
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1236Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching
    • C22B34/124Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors
    • C22B34/1245Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors containing a halogen ion as active agent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/10Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C22B34/12Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
    • C22B34/1236Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching
    • C22B34/1259Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching treatment or purification of titanium containing solutions or liquors or slurries
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/006Wet processes
    • C22B7/007Wet processes by acid leaching
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    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/10Solid density
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    • C01P2006/80Compositional purity
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of titanium dioxide production, and particularly relates to a high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue obtained by the leaching method of ilmenite, a new use thereof and a preparation method of titanium white powder.
  • titanium plays an extremely important role in the world economy. China is one of the few countries in the world with abundant titanium reserves.
  • the reserves of titanium resources in Panxi area account for more than 90% of the national reserves.
  • the ilmenite in this area is mainly symbiotic rock ore, the grade of titanium dioxide is low, and the grade of titanium dioxide in titanium concentrate is generally around 46-47 wt%.
  • the ilmenite also known as titanium concentrate
  • the chlorination and sulfuric acid processes are the two main processes for the production of titanium dioxide in the world today.
  • the sulfuric acid method is to obtain titanium dioxide by acid hydrolysis, leaching, (concentration crystallization), hydrolysis, water washing, bleaching, and seeding calcination using primary ilmenite or high titanium slag.
  • the high titanium slag used is obtained by fire smelting, that is, the ilmenite and the reducing agent are heated in an electric furnace to about 1600-1800 ° C, and the high temperature smelting causes the iron oxide in the ilmenite to be reduced to metallic iron to the molten iron.
  • the effluent generates pig iron to separate and remove most of the iron component, and the titanium and other impurities in the ilmenite remain in the slag to form high titanium slag.
  • the sulfuric acid method has a large pollution, the process is mature, the raw material requirements are low, and the cost is low. Therefore, the Panxi region and even China mainly produce titanium dioxide by the sulfuric acid method.
  • the environmental pollution caused by the chlorination method is much less than that of the sulfuric acid method.
  • the chlorination method requires higher raw materials.
  • the raw material has a titanium dioxide content of more than 90%, a particle size of more than 200 mesh, and a low impurity content.
  • the raw materials are mainly rutile.
  • the reserves of natural rutile are extremely low, accounting for only 0.3-1% of the total titanium reserves. Therefore, the raw materials used in the chlorination process are mainly artificial rutile.
  • the ilmenite in Panxi area has many grades and difficulties due to its low grade, high impurity and fine particle size.
  • hydrochloric acid leaching method is a better solution for the preparation of titanium-rich synthetic rutile.
  • the two major processes of hydrochloric acid leaching method are pre-oxidation-fluidization atmospheric pressure leaching method and combined smelting combined pressure leaching method.
  • the pre-oxidation-fluidization atmospheric pressure leaching method solves the refinement problem of the ore in the leaching process by pre-oxidation measures, but the method still has a refining rate of about 15% ("Study on the process of preparing artificial rutile by hydrochloric acid method" steel vanadium Titanium, June 2006, Vol. 27, No. 2, P1-6), plus 50% of the original ore Above 200 mesh, at least 60% of the artificial rutile particle size is less than 200 mesh. Therefore, it is of little economic significance to use the ilmenite produced in the Panxi area to produce artificial rutile for the preparation of titanium dioxide at the current state of the art.
  • the chlorination method requires the use of a raw material having a titanium dioxide content of more than 90%, so that the artificial rutile prepared by the hydrochloric acid leaching method is generally used as a raw material.
  • technicians in the field of titanium dioxide production and research have been working to solve the problem of particle size refinement and leaching effect of hydrochloric acid leaching method for the ilmenite in Panxi area, in order to improve the quality of artificial rutile to facilitate chlorine.
  • the titanium dioxide is produced by the chemical method, but the intermediate product of the hydrochloric acid leaching method, that is, the titanium slag obtained by acid leaching, filtration and washing (the titanium slag is referred to as high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue) is directly used as the high titanium hydrochloric acid.
  • the leaching slag is used as a raw material for the production of titanium dioxide, and no one has applied the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag to the sulphuric acid method for preparing titanium dioxide.
  • the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag suitable for preparing titanium dioxide by a sulfuric acid method, and the leaching slag is porous and porous after leaching iron from ilmenite (FeTi0 3 ) by hydrochloric acid.
  • the residue and the meta-titanate aggregate contain a small amount of rutile and phosgene, and the Ti0 2 component mainly exists in an amorphous state.
  • the leaching residue is white, light yellow or light gray granules or powder, wherein the Ti0 2 content is 65-97%, and the total iron content is not more than 8%.
  • the leach residue is produced by the following method:
  • the leaching slag can be dissolved by sulfuric acid and has a water content of not more than 20%.
  • the specific gravity of the high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag of the present invention is 2.9-3.6.
  • the hydrochloric acid leaching method in the step a is a direct hydrochloric acid leaching method, or a BCA hydrochloric acid leaching method, or a pre-oxidation-fluidization atmospheric pressure leaching method, or It is a pre-oxidation-smelting and smelting combined pressure leaching method.
  • the direct hydrochloric acid leaching method suitable for use in the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • A, mixed ilmenite and hydrochloric acid the volume ratio of ilmenite mass to hydrochloric acid solution is lg: 2.5ml ⁇ 5ml, hydrochloric acid concentration is 18% ⁇ 30%, heated to 70 °C ⁇ 150 °C for leaching reaction, reaction The time is 1 ⁇ 8 hours;
  • the reaction liquid is first cooled to 80-90 ° C and then filtered, and the drying temperature is controlled to be lower than 350 ° C and the drying time is 4-8 hours.
  • the second technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a new use of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag and to effectively utilize ilmenite.
  • the invention provides the application of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue as raw material in preparing titanium dioxide by sulfuric acid method.
  • ferrotitanium The high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue obtained by the hydrochloric acid leaching method is used as a raw material or a raw material to prepare titanium dioxide in a sulfuric acid method.
  • the sulfuric acid method titanium dioxide is produced by the solid phase method as the acid hydrolysis process, the high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue can be mixed with the ilmenite or the acid soluble high titanium slag.
  • the third technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a new method for preparing titanium white powder by using high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue as raw material, and providing a new choice for preparing titanium dioxide by sulfuric acid method.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag obtained in step a is one of raw materials or raw materials, prepared by sulfuric acid method Titanium dioxide.
  • the process condition of the hydrochloric acid leaching method in the step a is the process condition of the hydrochloric acid leaching method for preparing the artificial rutile, and the (1) direct leaching method of hydrochloric acid, that is, the direct leaching of ilmenite with hydrochloric acid, the solid obtained by filtration and washing can be used. That is, high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag; or (2) BCA hydrochloric acid leaching method, that is, ilmenite and 3% ⁇ 6% reducing agent (coal, petroleum coke) are continuously added to the rotary kiln, and the ore is mined at 870 °C.
  • the Fe 3+ is reduced to Fe 2+ , and then leached with 18 ⁇ 20% hydrochloric acid at 130 ⁇ 143 °C for 4h, and the solid obtained by leaching and filtering is high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue; or (3) pre-oxidation - Fluidized atmospheric pressure leaching method, that is, ilmenite is pre-oxidized, sieved, and the solid obtained after leaching with hydrochloric acid is high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue.
  • pre-oxidation - Fluidized atmospheric pressure leaching method that is, ilmenite is pre-oxidized, sieved, and the solid obtained after leaching with hydrochloric acid is high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue.
  • direct leaching of ilmenite with hydrochloric acid is most convenient, because the preparation of titanium dioxide by sulfuric acid method does not need to consider the problem of refining and low leaching grade of ilmenite during acid leaching, and can be directly used after acid leaching.
  • the titanium dioxide is prepared by the existing sulfuric acid method.
  • the finished artificial rutile There are still about 60% of the particle size less than 200 mesh.
  • synthetic rutile has good chemical stability without being acidified by sulfuric acid, and artificial rutile cannot be used for the preparation of titanium dioxide by sulfuric acid. Therefore, a large number of artificial rutiles having a particle size of less than 200 mesh can neither be used as a raw material for chlorination or titanium dioxide for sulfuric acid, resulting in at least 50% of ilmenite being wasted.
  • the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue obtained by hydrochloric acid leaching method is used for preparing titanium dioxide by sulfuric acid method, and can effectively utilize fine-grained ilmenite in Panxi area, and the utilization rate is almost 100%; the sulfuric acid used in the production of sulfuric acid titanium dioxide can be reduced by 50%. To the left and right, the production capacity of the acid hydrolysis equipment is doubled; and the two stages of chilling iron removal and titanium liquid concentration with large energy consumption can be omitted.
  • the titanium solution prepared by acid hydrolysis of high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue contains extremely low content of divalent iron and ferric iron, greatly reducing the number of washings of metatitanic acid, thereby reducing the discharge of acidic wastewater; and also eliminating or reducing the ferrous sulfate. produce. If high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue is used as raw material, almost no ferrous sulfate is produced. If it is mixed with raw materials such as ilmenite, the production of ferrous sulfate will be greatly reduced. Therefore, the present invention provides a new and better raw material selection for the preparation of titanium dioxide by the sulfuric acid process.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 are photographs of electron microscopy analysis of different resolutions of No. 1 sample of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 to Fig. 4 are electron microscopic analysis photographs of different resolutions of the high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue No. 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 - Figure 6 is a photomicrograph of different resolutions of the high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue of the present invention.
  • No. 1 and No. 2 are mainly composed of porphyrite (FeTi0 3 ) leached from the porous loose residue after the iron in the crystal lattice.
  • Sample No. 3 consists mainly of metatitanic acid agglomerates.
  • the resolution of Figure 1 is 35 times
  • the resolution of Figure 2 is 100 times
  • the resolution of Figure 3 is 35 times
  • the resolution of Figure 4 is 100 times
  • the resolution of Figure 5 is 1000 times
  • the resolution of Figure 6 It is 3500 times.
  • the existing sulfuric acid method titanium dioxide production is based on raw ilmenite or high titanium slag, wherein the high titanium slag is obtained by fire smelting, and the obtained Ti0 2 content is about 75-80%, and the fire smelting process is other than iron. Other impurities cannot be removed or rarely removed, and technical problems such as dust and harmful gas emissions need to be addressed during the preparation process. Since the high-titanium slag obtained by the pyrometallurgical smelting process has a reducing property for the titanium liquid produced by the sulfuric acid method, and the design of the existing equipment is generally carried out in an oxidizing environment, the use of the high-titanium slag as a raw material of the sulfuric acid method also requires equipment.
  • the preparation method of titanium dioxide provided by the invention has the content of Ti0 2 of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue obtained by leaching of titanium concentrate in Panxi area to more than 90%, and more than 90% of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn impurities and more than 60% thereof.
  • the V, A1 impurities are removed in the hydrochloric acid leaching process.
  • the electric energy consumed by the hydrochloric acid leaching method for preparing high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue is much lower than that of the high-temperature fire method for preparing acid-soluble high-titanium slag.
  • the ilmenite outside the Panxi area can also be produced by the preparation method of the present invention.
  • Ilmenite is a mineral composed of oxides of iron and titanium. Its chemical formula is Ti0 2 .FeO or FeTi0 3 ; Theoretical composition: FeO 47.36%, Ti0 2 52.64%. Among them, Fe 2+ and Mg 2+ and Mn 2+ may be replaced by complete isomorphism to form FeTi0 3 -MgTiO 3 or FeTi0 3 -MnTi0 3 series. When FeO is the main type, it is called ilmenite. When MgO is dominant, it is called magnesia. When MnO is dominant, it is called red titanium manganese ore. It is often replaced by Nb, Ta and other similar images.
  • Magnesia, red titanium manganese ore is also a raw material for the preparation method of the present invention.
  • Another weathering and titanium oxide iron ore can also be used as a raw material for the preparation method of the present invention, such as ilmenite in seashore sand ore, ilmenite weathering and titanium oxide iron ore in seashore sand ore, which is a regular year of ilmenite.
  • the ferrous iron in ilmenite is oxidized to ferric iron and is leached by rainwater. Therefore, the ilmenite in the seashore sand mine contains Ti0 2 More than 52.64% can sometimes reach 75%.
  • the hydrochloric acid leaching method and the sulfuric acid method can use existing processes, such as hydrochloric acid leaching method, direct leaching with hydrochloric acid, BCA hydrochloric acid leaching method, pre-oxidation-fluidization atmospheric pressure leaching method or pre-oxidation-selection Combined smelting and leaching method, such as simple leaching of ilmenite by simple hydrochloric acid.
  • the specific leaching process is as follows:
  • A mixed ilmenite and hydrochloric acid, ilmenite mass (g) and hydrochloric acid solution volume (ml) ratio of 1: 2.5 ⁇ 5, hydrochloric acid concentration of 18% ⁇ 30%, heated to 70 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C Performing a leaching reaction, the reaction time is 1-8 hours;
  • the reaction solution is filtered, and the obtained solid is dried.
  • the solid is an acid-soluble high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue.
  • step A needs to preheat the hydrochloric acid to 70 ° C before mixing hydrochloric acid.
  • the purpose of preheating is to shorten the heating time as much as possible. If the heating rate is fast, this step can be omitted; but if the temperature is too high, it will cause the hydrochloric acid gas to escape.
  • Step B When filtering, the reaction solution needs to be cooled to 80-90 ° C and then filtered.
  • the filtration may be carried out in any form such as vacuum filtration or pressure filtration.
  • Step B When drying, the control temperature is lower than 350, the drying time is 4-8 hours, and the temperature is too high, artificial rutile may be produced and cannot be dissolved by sulfuric acid.
  • the control temperature is below 250 °C.
  • Example 1 Direct extraction of ilmenite by hydrochloric acid to prepare high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue
  • Table 1 Main chemical composition of Panzhihua titanium concentrate and high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue (wt.%)
  • the materials in the reaction tank are quickly filtered in batches.
  • the filter unit is formed by connecting a Brinell flask to a vacuum pump.
  • the use of high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag can be carried out by any of the existing sulfuric acid processes for the production of titanium dioxide.
  • the existing sulfuric acid method can be classified into a liquid phase method, a two-phase method, and a solid phase method depending on the concentration of the acid-decomposed sulfuric acid and the state in which the final product is formed.
  • the use of high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue for acid hydrolysis and titanium concentrate acidification differs in the process and formation of the final product.
  • the specific performance is as follows:
  • the liquid phase method uses 55% ⁇ 65% sulfuric acid to treat high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue.
  • Acid hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis in the liquid phase, anti The temperature should be 130 ⁇ 140 V, and the reaction time is 1.5 ⁇ 4.0 hours. After the reaction, a viscous water-solid mixture is obtained. After curing at 140 ⁇ 220 V, a bulk solid mixture is obtained, which is dissolved in water to obtain a titanium liquid.
  • the two-phase method uses 65% ⁇ 75% sulfuric acid to acidify the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue, and the acid hydrolysis is carried out in the liquid phase.
  • the reaction temperature is 160-180 ° C, the reaction time is 20-60 minutes, and the reaction is viscous.
  • the water-solid mixture is aged at 140 ⁇ 220 V to obtain a bulk solid mixture.
  • the solid phase method uses 80% or more of sulfuric acid to acidify the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue, and the acid hydrolysis is carried out in the liquid phase.
  • the reaction temperature is 160-200 ° C
  • the reaction time is 5-20 minutes
  • the mixture was aged at 140 to 220 ° C to obtain a bulk solid mixture.
  • the method of the present invention for the acid hydrolysis of high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue should be a solid phase method, but the difference between the acid hydrolysis reaction temperature and the reaction time.
  • the concentration of sulfuric acid used is low, the reaction temperature is low, the reaction time is long, and the pale yellow final product is formed to be denser.
  • the concentration of sulfuric acid used is high, the reaction temperature is high, the reaction is fast, and a yellowish brown color is formed, and the final product has a large porosity.
  • the titanium liquid can be prepared by acid hydrolysis using sulfuric acid as follows: The detailed steps are as follows:
  • A mixed sulfuric acid and high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag, heated to 130-200 ° C, controlled heating to allow the reaction to proceed and maintain its reaction temperature; wherein the acid slag ratio is 1.4 ⁇ 1.9: 1 by weight;
  • the mixture is aged at 140-220 ° C for 1-4 hours, cooled, warmed water, the amount of water added is 2 to 3 times the volume of sulfuric acid; water is added to dissolve titanium titanyl sulfate and titanium sulfate in water;
  • the ripening is to further carry out an acid hydrolysis reaction of the acid-decomposed product _ viscous solid mixture
  • the titanium solution is a mixture of titanyl sulfate and titanium sulfate, and the titanium solution can be used to prepare titanium dioxide by a conventional method.
  • the ratio of iron to titanium in the titanium liquid is 0.023 ⁇ 0.045, and the ratio of iron to titanium in the titanium liquid prepared by the conventional method for producing titanium dioxide from titanium concentrate is 0.2 ⁇ 0.33 ("Titanium dioxide production and application technology" >>Chen Chaohua, edited by Liu Changhe, Chemical Industry Press, p211). Therefore, the titanium-liquid ratio of the titanium liquid prepared by the method of the present invention is an order of magnitude smaller than the iron-titanium ratio of the titanium liquid prepared from the titanium concentrate.
  • step A the concentration of sulfuric acid used in step A is 55-98%.
  • heating is controlled to allow the reaction to proceed and its reaction temperature is maintained at 130-200 ° C, and stirring is continued for 5 to 240 minutes to facilitate complete reaction.
  • the purpose of the agitation is to allow the reaction to proceed to a thorough mixing with the solid acid; if not stirred, a low concentration of acid will result in solid-liquid stratification.
  • step C in addition to warming water, an appropriate amount of 60-70 ° C 20% dilute sulfuric acid may be added to dissolve all solid compounds in dilute sulfuric acid. Then add water and the amount of water is calculated as 200 g/L TiO 2 .
  • the leaching temperature is optimal at 60-85 °C, leaching temperature Above 85 °C, it is possible that titanium sulphate and titanyl sulfate are hydrolyzed into metatitanic acid precipitates and lost in the leaching residue, while the leaching temperature is lower than 60 ° C and the dissolution rate is too diffuse.
  • the leaching time is 1-2 hours. Among them, the main reason for the addition of warm water after cooling to room temperature is that the sulfuric acid is an exothermic reaction with water.
  • the local temperature may be higher than 85!
  • the hydrolysis of titanium solution affects the dissolution rate. If the mixing temperature of water and reactants is too high or the local acidity is too low, the titanium solution will be hydrolyzed, so the temperature of the heated water is about 40 to 60 °C. The amount of water added is controlled to control the titanium solution containing Ti0 2 at about 200 g/L.
  • the total amount of sulfuric acid (or acid slag ratio), the amount is large for the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching slag acid hydrolysis, but the next step of hydrolysis is not I, so the acid slag ratio is generally 1.4 ⁇ 1.9: 1.
  • the concentration of sulfuric acid is preferably about 90%, because the small volume of sulfuric acid used in the high concentration is too fast and incomplete, and the resulting acid-decomposition product-solid mixture has a large viscosity and is not easy to stir, of course, the concentration is low and the reaction time is low. long.
  • Reaction temperature the selected sulfuric acid concentration determines the maximum temperature of the reaction, that is, the boiling point of sulfuric acid at that concentration. Like general chemicals, the temperature is high and the reaction is fast.
  • reaction time (stirring time) is uncontrollable here, depending on the viscosity of the reaction product. Since the reaction product is too viscous to continue stirring, it is considered that the reaction is finished, and it is turned to the next step of ripening.
  • the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue mainly contains amorphous Ti0 2 and metatitanic acid, and the reaction heat of the acid hydrolysis reaction of the residue is much smaller than that of the titanium concentrate and the acid hydrolysis reaction of sulfuric acid.
  • the reaction starts when the temperature reaches 80-120 ° C, and the acid hydrolysis reaction proceeds violently, and the heat of reaction causes the temperature of the reactant to rise sharply.
  • the sulfuric acid hydrolysis reaction of the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue starts at a reaction temperature of about 150 ° C, and the reaction is also mild.
  • Example 4 An example of acid hydrolysis of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue.
  • Example 3 140 g of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue was placed in a 1000 ml beaker, and 160 ml of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was added. The weight ratio of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to 100% concentrated sulfuric acid was 1: 1.75. Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 150 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 10 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, and the beaker was aged in an oven at 200 ° C and maintained at a temperature of 5 hours. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature. 300 mL of 20% dilute sulfuric acid at 60 ° C was added, and the mixture was stirred until the reaction product was completely dispersed.
  • the F value represents the acidity coefficient, which is the ratio of the effective acid amount to the total TI0 2 content.
  • Example 5 Example of acid hydrolysis of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue
  • Example 3 200 g of high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue was placed in a 1000 ml beaker, and 166 ml of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was added. The weight ratio of high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to 100% concentrated sulfuric acid was 1: 1.50. Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 175 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 5 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, and the beaker was aged in an oven at 180 ° C and maintained at a temperature of 4 hours. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature.
  • Example 3 200 g of high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue was placed in a 1000 ml beaker, 28 g of water was added to 170 ml of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare 89.1% sulfuric acid, and the weight ratio of high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to 100% concentrated sulfuric acid. Is 1: 1.53. Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 175 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 10 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, and the beaker was aged in an oven at 180 ° C and maintained at a temperature of 4 hours. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature.
  • Example 7 Example of acid hydrolysis of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue
  • Example 3 200 g of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue was placed in a 1000 ml beaker, and 47 g of water was added to 170 ml of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare 84% sulfuric acid.
  • the weight ratio of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to 100% concentrated sulfuric acid was 1 : 1.53.
  • Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 175 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 15 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, and the beaker was placed in an oven at 180 ° C for aging and maintained at a temperature of 4 hours. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature.
  • Example 8 Example of acid hydrolysis of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue
  • Example 3 200 g of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue was placed in a 1000 ml beaker, and 194 ml of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was added. The weight ratio of the high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to the 100% concentrated sulfuric acid was 1: 1.75. Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 175 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 5 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, and the beaker was aged in an oven at 180 ° C and maintained at a temperature of 4 hours. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature.
  • Example 9 Example of acid hydrolysis of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue
  • Example 2 high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue 200 g into a 1000 ml beaker, add 194ml 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, high The weight ratio of titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to 100% concentrated sulfuric acid was 1: 1.75.
  • Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 175 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 5 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, which was placed in an oven at 140 ° C and aged for 4 hours. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature. 300 mL of 20% dilute sulfuric acid at 60 ° C was added, and the mixture was stirred until the reaction product was completely dispersed.
  • Example 10 Example of acid hydrolysis of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue
  • Example 3 200 g of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue was placed in a 1000 ml beaker, and 194 ml of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was added. The weight ratio of the high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to the 100% concentrated sulfuric acid was 1: 1.75. Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 175 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 5 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, which was aged in an oven at 180 ° C and held at the temperature for 1 hour. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature. 300 mL of 20% dilute sulfuric acid at 60 ° C was added, and the mixture was stirred until the reaction product was completely dispersed.
  • Example 11 Example of acid hydrolysis of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue
  • Example 3 200 g of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue was placed in a 1000 ml beaker, 107 g of water was added to 194 ml of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare 75% sulfuric acid, and the weight ratio of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to 100% concentrated sulfuric acid was 1 : 1.75. Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 170 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 45 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, which was placed in an oven at 180 ° C and aged for 4 hours. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature.
  • Example 12 Example of acid hydrolysis of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue
  • Example 3 Take the high-titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue of Example 3 into a 1000 ml beaker, add 177 g of water to 194 ml of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare 65% sulfuric acid, and the weight ratio of high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue to 100% concentrated sulfuric acid is 1. : 1.75.
  • Stirring is started and heating starts. The reaction was spontaneously carried out by heating to about 140 ° C under stirring. After stirring for about 120 minutes, the reactants formed a viscous solid mixture, which was placed in an oven at 180 ° C and aged for 4 hours. Finally, the oven was removed and cooled to room temperature.
  • the titanium liquid prepared by the preparation of Examples 4 to 12 was very pure, whereby the production of titanium dioxide by the titanium liquid significantly reduced the water for washing, thereby reducing the discharge of waste water.
  • the No. 3 sample is a 200 mesh sieve material after drying at 105 ° C for 24 hours; The fine substance on the surface was washed with water, and then sieved for 40 mesh and 100 mesh. The materials of each grade were baked at 105 ° C for 24 hours to obtain No. 1 and No. 2 samples. Sampling and scanning electron microscopy analysis.
  • the high titanium hydrochloric acid leaching residue of the present invention is mainly composed of a porous loose residue and a metatitanic acid agglomerate after the ilmenite (FeTi0 3 ) is leached out of the iron in the crystal lattice.

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Description

高钛盐酸浸出渣、 其新用途及钛白粉的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于钛白粉生产领域, 具体涉及钛铁矿以盐酸浸出法得到的高钛盐酸浸出渣、 其新用途及钛白粉的制备方法。
背景技术
钛作为一种重要的战略物资在世界经济中占有极其重要的地位, 中国是世界上为数不 多的钛储量丰富的国家。 攀西地区的钛资源储量占全国储量的 90%以上, 该地区的钛铁矿 主要是共生岩矿, 二氧化钛品位低, 钛精矿的二氧化钛品位一般在 46-47 wt %左右; 其次, 该地区的钛铁矿(又称钛精矿)钙镁杂质含量高,氧化钙和氧化镁加起来一般在 5-7%左右; 此外,粒度细是该矿的又一大特征, 大约 50%以上小于 200目, 而且随着深部矿石的开釆, 钛铁矿将越来越细。
氯化法和硫酸法为当今世界上生产钛白粉的两个主要工艺流程。
硫酸法是用原生钛铁矿或高钛渣经酸解, 浸出, (浓缩结晶) , 水解, 水洗, 漂白, 加 晶种煅烧等工艺最终得到钛白粉。 其中, 所用高钛渣为火法熔炼所得, 即是采用钛铁矿与 还原剂在电炉中加热至约 1600-1800°C, 高温熔炼使钛铁矿中铁氧化物被还原成金属铁, 以铁水流出, 生成生铁, 从而分离除去大部分铁成分, 而钛铁矿中的钛和其他杂质留在熔 炼的渣中, 形成高钛渣。 虽然硫酸法污染较大, 但其工艺成熟, 对原料要求低, 且成本较 低, 所以攀西地区乃至中国主要还是以硫酸法生产钛白粉为主。
氯化法所导致的环境污染比硫酸法少得多, 但是氯化法对原料要求较高, 一般要求原 料二氧化钛含量在 90%以上、 粒度须在 200目以上、 杂质含量低, 所以氯化法原料以金红 石为主。 天然金红石的储量极低, 仅占钛总储量的 0.3-1%, 故氯化法所用的原料主要是人 造金红石。 攀西地区的钛铁矿因品位低、 杂质多、 粒度细, 用其制备人造金红石有诸多工 艺难点, 《盐酸常压直接浸出攀西地区钛铁矿制备人造金红石》(有色金属, 2007年 11月, 第 59卷第 4期, P108-111 )指出比较各工艺的优缺点, 结合攀西地区钛铁矿的特点, 盐酸 浸出法是制备富钛料人造金红石较佳的方案。 目前盐酸浸出法常用两大工艺流程分别为预 氧化-流态化常压浸出法和选冶联合加压浸出法。 预氧化 -流态化常压浸出法通过预氧化措 施解决了原矿在浸出过程中的细化问题, 但是该方法仍有 15%左右的细化率 (《盐酸法制 取人造金红石工艺研究》钢铁钒钛, 2006年 6月,第 27卷第 2期, P1-6),加上原矿石 50% 以上小于 200目, 至少有 60%左右的人造金红石粒度小于 200目。 因此, 以目前技术水平 来说用攀西地区的钛铁矿生产人造金红石应用于制备钛白粉的经济意义不大。
氯化法需要采用二氧化钛含量高于 90%的原料, 故一般以盐酸浸出法制备的人造金红 石为原料。 多年以来, 钛白粉生产、 研究领域的技术人员针对攀西地区的钛铁矿, 一直致 力于解决盐酸浸出法的粒度细化及浸出效果等的问题, 均是为了提高人造金红石的品质以 利于氯化法生产钛白粉, 但从来没有人将盐酸浸出法的中间产物, 即经酸浸、 过滤、 洗涤 得到的钛渣(本发明称该钛渣为高钛盐酸浸出渣),直接以高钛盐酸浸出渣作为原料应用于 钛白粉生产, 更没有人将该高钛盐酸浸出渣应用于硫酸法制备钛白粉。
发明内容
本发明所解决的第一个技术问题是提供一种适用于硫酸法制备钛白粉的高钛盐酸浸出 渣, 所述浸出渣由钛铁矿 (FeTi03)经盐酸浸出晶格中铁以后的多孔疏松状的残渣和偏钛酸 团聚物 (aggregates) 组成, 同时含有少量的金红石和钛辉石, 其中 Ti02成份主要以非晶 体状态存在。 该浸出渣为白色、 浅黄或浅灰色颗粒或粉末, 其中 Ti02 含量为 65-97%, 全 铁含量不大于 8%。 该浸出渣通过以下方法制成:
a、 钛铁矿, 以盐酸浸出法制备高钛盐酸浸出渣, 为固体;
b、 干燥步骤 a所得固体, 该固体即为高钛盐酸浸出渣;
其特征在于所述浸出渣能被硫酸溶解, 其含水量不大于 20%。
本发明所述高钛盐酸浸出渣的比重为 2.9— 3.6。
在上述本发明所述高钛盐酸浸出渣的制备方法中, 步骤 a所述盐酸浸出法为盐酸直接 浸取法, 或为 BCA盐酸浸取法, 或为预氧化-流态化常压浸出法, 或为预氧化 -选冶联合加 压浸出法。
适用于本发明的所述盐酸直接浸取法包括如下步骤:
A、 混合钛铁矿与盐酸, 钛铁矿质量与盐酸溶液的体积比为 lg: 2.5ml〜5ml, 盐酸浓 度为 18%〜30%, 加热至 70°C〜150°C进行浸出反应, 反应时间为 1〜8小时;
B、 浸出浆过滤, 干燥所得固体, 该固体即为高钛盐酸浸出渣。
按照本发明的方法, 在上述步骤 B中反应液先冷却至 80-90°C再过滤, 干燥时控制温 度低于 350°C, 干燥时间 4-8小时。
本发明所解决的第二个技术问题是提供高钛盐酸浸出渣的新用途, 有效利用钛铁矿。 本发明提供了高钛盐酸浸出渣作为原料在硫酸法制备钛白粉中的应用。 具体地, 钛铁 矿以盐酸浸出法得到的高钛盐酸浸出渣作为原料或原料之一在硫酸法制备钛白粉。 当硫酸 法钛白粉生产釆用固相法作为酸解工艺时, 高钛盐酸浸出渣可以与钛铁矿或酸溶性高钛渣 混合使用。
本发明所解决的第三个技术问题是提供一种以高钛盐酸浸出渣为原料制备钛白粉的新 方法, 为硫酸法制备钛白粉提供了新的选择。 该方法包括如下步骤:
a、 取钛铁矿, 以盐酸浸出法制备高钛盐酸浸出渣, 干燥至浸出渣含水量不大于 20%; b、 步骤 a所得高钛盐酸浸出渣为原料或原料之一, 采用硫酸法制备钛白粉。
步骤 a中的盐酸浸出法工艺条件为现有制备人造金红石的盐酸浸出法的工艺条件, 具 体可采用 (1 )盐酸直接浸取法, 即以盐酸直接浸取钛铁矿, 经过滤、 洗涤所得固体即为高 钛盐酸浸出渣; 或采用 (2) BCA盐酸浸取法, 即将钛铁矿与 3%〜6%的还原剂(煤, 石 油焦) 连续加入回转窑中, 在 870 °C左右将矿中的 Fe3+还原为 Fe2+, 然后用 18〜20%的 盐酸在 130〜143 °C下浸取 4h, 浸取过滤所得固体即为高钛盐酸浸出渣; 或采用 (3 )预氧 化-流态化常压浸出法, 即钛铁矿经预氧化, 筛分, 盐酸浸取后所得固体即为高钛盐酸浸出 渣, 工艺方法参见 《攀枝花钛铁矿流态化盐酸浸出的动力学研究》 刘子威、 黄焯枢、 王康 海, 矿冶工程, 1991, 11 (2), P48-52; 或采用 (4 ) 预氧化-选冶联合加压浸出法, 即钛 铁矿经预氧化, 磁选, 盐酸浸取后所得固体即为高钛盐酸浸出渣, 工艺参见 《盐酸法制取 人造金红石工艺研究》 付自碧、 黄北卫、 王雪飞, 钢铁钒钛, 2006年 6月, 第 27卷第 2 期, Pl-6。
上述四种方法中, 以盐酸直接浸取钛铁矿最为方便, 因为硫酸法制备钛白粉无需考虑 钛铁矿在酸浸过程中细化及浸出品位低的问题, 酸浸后即可直接用于现有硫酸法制备钛白 粉。
由于攀西地区的钛铁矿粒度较小, 且经盐酸浸取后部分又会细化, 虽然预氧化-流态化 常压浸出法可将细化率控制在 15%以下, 但是成品人造金红石中仍有 60%左右的粒度小于 200 目。 同时, 人造金红石具有很好的化学稳定性而不会被硫酸酸解, 人造金红石也无法 用于硫酸法制备钛白粉。 因此, 大量粒度小于 200目的人造金红石既不能用做氯化法的原 料也无法用于硫酸法制备钛白粉, 造成至少有 50%的钛铁矿会被浪费。
将盐酸浸出法所得高钛盐酸浸出渣用于硫酸法制备钛白粉, 可有效利用细粒度的攀西 地区钛铁矿, 利用率几乎 100%; 可使硫酸法钛白粉生产所用的硫酸减少 50%左右, 进而 使酸解设备的生产能力增加一倍; 并可省去耗能较大的冷冻除铁与钛液浓缩二个阶段。 由 于用高钛盐酸浸出渣酸解制得的钛液含二价铁和三价铁极低, 大大减少偏钛酸水洗次数, 从而减少了酸性废水的排放; 另外也消除或减少硫酸亚铁的产生。 如单独采用高钛盐酸浸 出渣为原料几乎无硫酸亚铁产生, 若与钛铁矿等原料混合使用, 也将大大减少硫酸亚铁的 产生。 因此说本发明为硫酸法制备钛白粉提供了新的、 更好的原料选择。
附图说明 图 1-图 2为本发明高钛盐酸浸出渣 1号样的不同分辨率的电镜分析照片。
图 3-图 4为本发明高钛盐酸浸出渣 2号样的不同分辨率的电镜分析照片。
图 5-图 6为本发明高钛盐酸浸出渣 3号样的不同分辨率的电镜分析照片。
其中, 1号和 2号样主要由钛铁矿 (FeTi03)浸出晶格中铁以后的多孔疏松状的残渣组成。 3号样主要由偏钛酸团聚物组成。
图 1的分辨率为 35倍, 图 2的分辨率为 100倍, 图 3的分辨率为 35倍, 图 4的分辨 率为 100倍, 图 5的分辨率为 1000倍, 图 6的分辨率为 3500倍。
具体实施方式
以下通过对本发明具体实施方式的描述说明但不限制本发明。
现有硫酸法钛白粉生产是以原生钛铁矿或高钛渣作为原料, 其中的高钛渣为火法熔炼 所得, 所得 Ti02含量约为 75-80%, 该火法熔炼工艺除铁以外无法或很少去除其他杂质, 制备过程中还需解决粉尘及有害气体排放等技术问题。 由于火法熔炼所得高钛渣用于硫酸 法生产的钛液具有还原性, 而现有设备的设计一般是在氧化环境下进行反应, 故用高钛渣 做为硫酸法的原料还需要对设备流程等做局部改造。 本发明提供的钛白粉制备方法以攀西地区钛精矿盐酸浸出所得高钛盐酸浸出渣 Ti02 含量可达 90%以上, 而且其中 90%以上的 Ca、 Mg、 Fe、 Mn杂质及 60%以上的 V, A1杂质 会在盐酸浸出工艺中被除去。 而且盐酸浸出法制备高钛盐酸浸出渣所消耗的电能大大低于 高温火法制备酸溶性高钛渣。 攀西地区以外的钛铁矿也可以采用本发明制备方法生产钛白 粉。 钛铁矿是铁和钛的氧化物组成的矿物。 其化学分子式为 Ti02.FeO或 FeTi03; 理论 组成: FeO 47.36%, Ti02 52.64%。 其中 Fe2+与 Mg2+、 Mn2+间可为完全类质同像代替, 形成 FeTi03-MgTi03或 FeTi03-MnTi03系列。 以 FeO为主时称钛铁矿, MgO为主时称 镁钛矿, MnO为主时称红钛锰矿, 常有 Nb、 Ta等类质同像替代。 镁钛矿, 红钛锰矿也 是本发明制备方法的原料。 另风化和氧化钛铁矿也可以作为本发明制备方法的原料, 如 海滨砂矿中的钛铁矿, 海滨砂矿中的钛铁矿属风化和氧化钛铁矿, 它是钛铁矿经常年风 化后, 钛铁矿中的二价铁氧化成三价铁而被雨水浸出, 故海滨砂矿中的钛铁矿含 Ti02 大于 52.64%有时可达到 75%。
本发明方法中盐酸浸出法及硫酸法均可使用现有工艺, 如盐酸浸出法中可釆用盐酸直 接浸取、 BCA盐酸浸取法、 预氧化 -流态化常压浸出法或预氧化-选冶联合加压浸出法, 如 采用简便的盐酸直接浸取钛铁矿工艺。 具体浸出工艺如下:
1、 盐酸直接浸取法:
A、 混合钛铁矿与盐酸, 钛铁矿质量 (克) 与盐酸溶液的体积 (毫升) 比为 1 : 2.5〜5, 盐酸浓度为 18%〜30%, 加热至 70°C〜150°C进行浸出反应, 反应时间为 1-8小时;
B、 反应液过滤, 干燥所得固体, 该固体即为酸溶性的高钛盐酸浸出渣。
其中, 步骤 A在混合盐酸前需预加热盐酸至 70°C, 预热目的是要尽量缩短加热时间。 如果加热速度快, 则这一步可省去; 但如温度过高, 则会导致盐酸气体泄出。
步骤 B过滤时, 需要将反应液先冷却至 80-90°C再进行过滤, 过滤可采用任何一种形 式, 如真空抽滤或压滤均可。
步骤 B干燥时, 控制温度低于 350, 干燥时间 4-8小时, 温度过高, 可能产生人造金 红石而不能被硫酸溶解。 优选控制温度低于 250°C。 盐酸直接浸取钛铁矿工艺具体实例如下:
实施例 1 盐酸直接浸取钛铁矿制备高钛盐酸浸出渣
1、 量取 45升 20%的盐酸, 将其倒入 50升搪瓷内衬反应罐中;
2、 称取 15公斤钛精矿, 倒入反应罐内, 密封, 并启动搅拌器;
3、 迅速加热至 140°C左右;
4、 5个小时后, 停止加热, 自然冷却至 80°C ;
5、 将 3升反应罐内的物料迅速过滤。 过滤是通过布氏烧瓶与真空泵相连而成;
6、 用 3升去离子水分三次清洗滤饼。 在 110°C下干燥 6个小时, 即制得高钛盐酸浸出 渣。 所得浸出渣的含水量 <1 %。
对高钛盐酸浸出渣化学成分进行分析, 结果见表 1。
表 1 攀枝花钛精矿和高钛盐酸浸出渣的主要化学组成 (wt.%)
A1203 CaO Fe203 MgO Si02 Ti02 v2o5 原矿 (钛精矿) 0.9 1.1 44 4 3 46.1 0.1 高钛盐酸浸出渣 0.6 0.5 1.6 0.3 5 90.6 0.1 实施例 2 盐酸直接浸取钛精矿制备高钛盐酸浸出渣
1、 量取 45升 20%的盐酸, 将其倒入 50升搪瓷内衬反应罐中。
2、 称取 15公斤钛精矿, 倒入反应罐内, 密封, 并启动搅拌器。
3、 迅速加热至 120°C左右。
4、 5个小时后, 停止加热, 自然冷却至 80°C。
5、 将 3升反应罐内的物料迅速过滤。 过滤是通过布氏烧瓶与真空泵相连而成。
6、 用 3升去离子水分三次清洗滤饼。 在 110°C下干燥 6个小时, 即制得高钛盐酸浸出 渣。 所得浸出渣的含水量为<1 %。
对高钛盐酸浸出渣化学成分进行分析, 结果见表 2。
表 2 攀枝花钛精矿和高钛盐酸浸出渣的主要化学组成 (wt.%)
Figure imgf000008_0001
实施例 3 盐酸直接浸取钛精矿制备高钛盐酸浸出渣
1、 量取 45升 20%的盐酸, 将其倒入 50升搪瓷内衬反应罐中。
2、 称取 15公斤钛精矿, 倒入反应罐内, 密封, 并启动搅拌器。
3、 迅速加热至 130°C左右。 7个小时后, 停止加热, 自然冷却至 80 °C。
4、 反应罐内的物料经分批分次迅速过滤。 过滤装置是由布氏烧瓶与真空泵相连而成。
5、 每次过滤用 3升自来水分三次清洗滤饼。 在 110°C下干燥 6个小时, 制得高钛盐酸 浸出渣。 所得浸出渣的含水量为<1 %。
对高钛盐酸浸出渣化学成分进行分析, 结果见表 3。
表 3 攀枝花钛精矿和高钛盐酸浸出渣的主要化学组成 (wt.%)
Figure imgf000008_0002
应用高钛盐酸浸出渣可采用现有任何一种硫酸法用于生产钛白粉。 现有的硫酸法根据 酸解的硫酸浓度和形成最终产物的状态的不同, 可分为液相法、 两相法和固相法。 但是用 高钛盐酸浸出渣进行酸解与钛精矿酸解在过程与形成最终产物上有所区别, 具体表现为: 液相法是采用 55%〜65%的硫酸对高钛盐酸浸出渣进行酸解, 酸解在液相中进行, 反 应温度 130〜140 V,反应时间 1.5〜4.0小时,反应后得粘稠状水固混合物,在 140〜220 V 熟化后得块状固态混合物, 需用水溶解后得钛液。
两相法是采用 65%〜75%的硫酸对高钛盐酸浸出渣进行酸解, 酸解在液相中进行, 反 应温度 160〜180 °C, 反应时间 20〜60分钟, 反应后得粘稠状水固混合物, 在 140〜220 V 熟化后得块状固态混合物。
固相法是采用 80%以上的硫酸对高钛盐酸浸出渣进行酸解, 酸解在液相中进行, 反应 温度 160〜200 °C, 反应时间 5-20分钟, 反应后得粘稠状固体混合物, 在 140〜220 °C 熟 化后得块状固态混合物。
其实按最终形成产物上来说本发明方法硫酸酸解高钛盐酸浸出渣都应为固相法, 只是 其酸解反应温度和反应时间的差别。 所用硫酸浓度低, 则反应温度低, 反应时间长, 形成 浅黄色的最终产物比效致密。 相反所用硫酸浓度高, 则反应温度高, 反应快, 形成黄褐色 最终产物孔隙率大。
如本发明方法可采用如下方法用硫酸酸解制备钛液, 详细步骤如下:
A、 混合硫酸与高钛盐酸浸出渣, 加热至 130-200°C后, 控制加热让反应进行并保持其 反应温度; 其中酸渣比以重量计为 1.4〜1.9: 1 ;
B、 反应后得到粘稠状固态混合物;
C、将该混合物置于 140-220°C熟化 1-4小时,冷却,加温水,加水量为硫酸体积的 2〜 3倍; 加水是为了将硫酸氧钛和硫酸钛溶解于水中;
其中, 熟化即是将酸解产物 _粘稠状固态混合物进一步进行酸解反应;
D、 搅拌至固态混合物溶解, 过滤得钛液。 该钛液为硫酸氧钛和硫酸钛的混合物, 应 用该钛液再采用现有方法制备钛白粉即可。 该钛液中的铁钛比为 0.023〜0.045, 而由常规 采用钛精矿为原料的硫酸法钛白粉生产工艺制备的钛液中的铁钛比为 0.2〜0.33 (《钛白粉 生产及应用技术 >>陈朝华, 刘长河编著, 化学工业出版社, p211)。 故由本发明方法制 备的钛液的铁钛比比由钛精矿制备的钛液的铁钛比小一个数量级。
其中, 步骤 A所用硫酸浓度为 55-98%。 在步骤 A控制加热让反应进行并保持其反应 温度 130-200 °C, 再搅拌 5-240分钟以利于反应完全进行。 搅拌的目的在于让反应进行到 底和固酸充分混合; 若不搅拌, 采用低浓度酸将产生固液分层。
步骤 C除了加温水, 也可以加入适量 60-70°C20%稀硫酸将所有固态化合物溶解于稀 硫酸中。然后再加水, 水量按 200 g/L TiO2来计算。其浸出温度为 60-85 °C最佳, 浸出温度 高于 85 °C有可能发生硫酸钛和硫酸氧钛水解成偏钛酸沉淀而损失于浸渣中,而浸出温度低 于 60 °C其溶解速度太漫。浸出时间为 1-2小时。其中, 冷却至室温后再加温水其主要原因 是硫酸遇水是放热反应, 如不冷却有可能局部温度高于 85!而发生钛液水解影响溶解率。 水与反应物混合温度太高或局部酸度太低会导致钛液水解, 故所加温水温度约为 40〜 60°C。 加水量以控制钛液含 Ti02在 200 g/L左右为准。
以高钛盐酸浸出渣制为原料应用硫酸法制备钛白粉时, 需注意以下几点:
1、 硫酸浓度, 浓度高反应快, 成本高。
2、 硫酸总用量 (或酸渣比), 用量大有利于高钛盐酸浸出渣酸解, 但是对下一步水解不 禾 I」, 故酸渣比一般为 1.4〜1.9: 1。 在相同用量时, 硫酸浓度在 90%左右为佳, 因为浓度高 所用硫酸体积小反应太快而不完全, 同时生成的酸解产物- -固态混合物粘度大而不易搅拌, 当然浓度低则反应时间长。
3、 反应温度, 所选择的硫酸浓度决定了反应的最高温度也就是该浓度下硫酸的沸点。 与一般化工一样, 温度高反应快。
4、 反应时间 (搅拌时间)在此是无法控制的, 这取决于反应产物的粘度。 由于反应产物 太粘而无法继续搅拌认为反应结束, 转至一下步熟化。
5、 熟化温度与时间, 熟化被认为是酸解的继续, 所以温度与时间是二个关健因素。 高钛盐酸浸出渣主要含有非晶型 Ti02和偏钛酸,该渣硫酸酸解反应的反应热比钛精矿 与硫酸酸解反应的反应热小很多。 在钛精矿酸解过程中, 当温度达到 80-120°C时即开始反 应, 酸解反应剧烈进行, 反应热使反应物的温度急剧上升。 而高钛盐酸浸出渣的硫酸酸解 反应则在反应温度达到 150°C左右才开始, 反应也温和的多。
实施例 4 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例。
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 140 g放入 1000 ml烧杯中,加入 160ml 98%的浓硫酸, 高 钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.75。搅拌均匀后开始加热。在搅拌条件下加热 至 150°C左右让反应自发进行。 继续搅拌约 10分钟后反应物形成粘稠状固态混合物, 将烧 杯置于 200 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 5小时。最后移出烘箱,冷却至室温。加入 60°C 20% 稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。 然后稀释至 600ml, 保持体系温度 70-85 °C , 搅拌浸取 2小时, 然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤, 每次的滤渣用 lOOmL水洗涤三次。 将 滤渣烘干并进行化学组成分析, 其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 98.1%。过滤的滤液为钛液, 其组 成分析结果列于表 4。 钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000011_0001
其中, F值表示酸度系数, 为有效酸量与 TI02总含量之比。
= ( ^ ,、 +髓翻 f'
·' Τί(:½总含量 ¾ '}
实施例 5 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 200 g放入 1000 ml烧杯中,加入 166ml 98%的浓硫酸,高 钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.50。搅拌均匀后开始加热。在搅拌条件下加热 至 175°C左右让反应自发进行。 继续搅拌约 5分钟后反应物形成粘稠状固态混合物, 将烧 杯置于 180 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 4小时。最后移出烘箱,冷却至室温。加入 60°C 20% 稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。 然后稀释至 600ml, 保持体系温度 70-85 °C , 搅拌浸取 2小时, 然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤, 每次的滤渣用 lOOmL水洗涤三次。 将 滤渣烘干并进行化学组成分析,其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 89.5%。过滤的滤液为钛液,其组 成分析结果列于表 5。
钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000011_0002
试验例 6 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 200 g放入 1000 ml烧杯中, 加入 28 g水于 170 ml 98%的 浓硫酸配成 89.1%的硫酸, 高钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.53。搅拌均匀后 开始加热。在搅拌条件下加热至 175°C左右让反应自发进行。继续搅拌约 10分钟后反应物 形成粘稠状固态混合物, 将烧杯置于 180 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 4小时。 最后移出烘 箱, 冷却至室温。加入 60°C 20%稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。然后稀 释至 600ml, 保持体系温度 70-85 °C, 搅拌浸取 2小时, 然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤, 每次的滤渣 用 lOOmL水洗涤三次。将滤渣烘干并进行化学组成分析,其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 96.0%。 过滤的滤液为钛液, 其组成分析结果列于表 6。 钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000012_0001
实施例 7 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 200 g放入 1000 ml烧杯中,加入 47 g水于 170ml 98%的浓 硫酸配成 84%的硫酸, 高钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.53。搅拌均匀后开始 加热。在搅拌条件下加热至 175 °C左右让反应自发进行。 继续搅拌约 15分钟后反应物形成 粘稠状固态混合物,将烧杯放置于 180 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 4小时。最后移出烘箱, 冷却至室温。加入 60°C 20%稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。然后稀释至 700ml,保持体系温度 70-85 °C,搅拌浸取 2小时,然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤,每次的滤渣用 lOOmL 水洗涤三次。将滤渣烘干与组成分析,其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 97.7%。过滤的滤液为钛液, 其组成分析其结果列于表 7。
钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000012_0002
实施例 8 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 200 g放入 1000 ml烧杯中,加入 194ml 98%的浓硫酸, 高 钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.75。搅拌均匀后开始加热。在搅拌条件下加热 至 175 °C左右让反应自发进行。 继续搅拌约 5分钟后反应物形成粘稠状固态混合物, 将烧 杯置于 180 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 4小时。最后移出烘箱,冷却至室温。加入 60°C 20% 稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。 然后稀释至 700ml, 保持体系温度 70-85 °C , 搅拌浸取 2小时, 然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤, 每次的滤渣用 lOOmL水洗涤三次。 将 滤渣烘干与组成分析, 其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 98.7%。过滤的滤液为钛液, 其组成分析其 结果列于表 8。
钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000012_0003
实施例 9 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 200 g放入 1000 ml烧杯中,加入 194ml 98%的浓硫酸, 高 钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.75。搅拌均匀后开始加热。在搅拌条件下加热 至 175°C左右让反应自发进行。 继续搅拌约 5分钟后反应物形成粘稠状固态混合物, 将烧 杯放置于 140 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 4小时。 最后移出烘箱, 冷却至室温。 加入 60°C 20%稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。 然后稀释至 700ml, 保持体系温度 70-85 °C , 搅拌浸取 2小时, 然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤, 每次的滤渣用 lOOmL水洗涤三次。 将 滤渣烘干与组成分析, 其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 89.1%。过滤的滤液为钛液, 其组成分析其 结果列于表 9。
钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000013_0001
实施例 10 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 200 g放入 1000 ml烧杯中,加入 194ml 98%的浓硫酸, 高 钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.75。搅拌均匀后开始加热。在搅拌条件下加热 至 175°C左右让反应自发进行。 继续搅拌约 5分钟后反应物形成粘稠状固态混合物, 将烧 杯置于 180 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 1小时。最后移出烘箱,冷却至室温。加入 60°C 20% 稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。 然后稀释至 700ml, 保持体系温度 70-85 °C , 搅拌浸取 2小时, 然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤, 每次的滤渣用 lOOmL水洗涤三次。 将 滤渣烘干与组成分析, 其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 90.0%。过滤的滤液为钛液, 其组成分析其 结果列于表 10。
表 10 钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000013_0002
实施例 11 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 200 g放入 1000 ml烧杯中, 加入 107 g水于 194ml 98%的 浓硫酸配成 75%的硫酸, 高钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.75。搅拌均匀后开 始加热。在搅拌条件下加热至 170°C左右让反应自发进行。 继续搅拌约 45分钟后反应物形 成粘稠状固态混合物, 将烧杯放置于 180 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 4小时。 最后移出烘 箱, 冷却至室温。加入 60°C 20%稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。然后稀 释至 700ml, 保持体系温度 70-85 °C, 搅拌浸取 2小时, 然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤, 每次的滤渣 用 lOOmL水洗涤三次。 将滤渣烘干与组成分析, 其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 98.1%。 过滤的 滤液为钛液, 其组成分析其结果列于表 11。
表 11 钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000014_0001
实施例 12 高钛盐酸浸出渣硫酸酸解实例
取实施例 3高钛盐酸浸出渣 200g放入 1000 ml烧杯中, 加入 177 g水于 194ml 98%的 浓硫酸配成 65%的硫酸, 高钛盐酸浸出渣与 100%浓硫酸的重量比为 1 : 1.75。搅拌均匀后开 始加热。 在搅拌条件下加热至 140°C左右让反应自发进行。 继续搅拌约 120分钟后反应物 形成粘稠状固态混合物, 将烧杯放置于 180 °C的烘箱中熟化并保持温度 4小时。 最后移出 烘箱, 冷却至室温。加入 60°C 20%稀硫酸 300mL, 搅拌至反应生成物全部分散为止。然后 稀释至 700ml, 保持体系温度 70-85 °C, 搅拌浸取 2小时, 然后用陶瓷漏斗抽滤, 每次的滤 渣用 lOOmL水洗涤三次。 将滤渣烘干与组成分析, 其 Ti02 的硫酸酸解率为 95.7%。 过滤 的滤液为钛液, 其组成分析其结果列于表 12。
表 12 钛液化学组成分析
Figure imgf000014_0002
由实施例 4-12制备所得钛液很纯, 由此钛液生产钛白粉可显著地减少水洗用水, 从而 减少废水的排放。
浸出渣扫描电镜分析试验
取一定量的按照实施例 1的方法制备得到的浸出渣, 用 200 目筛进行筛分, 3号样为 经 105°C烘 24小时后的 200目筛下物料;将 200目筛上物用水洗除去表面的细微物质后进 行 40目与 100目筛分, 各级别物料分别在 105°C下烘 24小时, 得 1号样和 2号样。 取样, 进行扫描电镜分析。
1号样 (100目〜 200目)
2号样 (40目〜 100目)
3号样 (200目以下)
由图 1至图 6可见, 本发明高钛盐酸浸出渣主要由钛铁矿 (FeTi03)浸出晶格中铁以后 的多孔疏松状的残渣和偏钛酸团聚物组成。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种适用于硫酸法制备钛白粉的高钛盐酸浸出渣, 所述浸出渣由钛铁矿 FeTi03 经盐酸浸出晶格中的铁以后的多孔疏松状的残渣和偏钛酸团聚物组成, 同时含有少量的 金红石和钛辉石, 其中 Ti02成份主要以非晶体状态存在, 该浸出渣通过以下方法制成: a、 取钛铁矿, 以盐酸浸出法制备高钛盐酸浸出渣, 为固体;
b、 干燥步骤 a所得固体, 该固体即为高钛盐酸浸出渣;
其特征在于所述浸出渣能被硫酸溶解, 其含水量不大于 20%。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的高钛盐酸浸出渣, 其特征在于该浸出渣为白色、 浅黄或浅 灰色颗粒或粉末, 其中 Ti02 含量为 65-97%, 全铁含量不大于 8%。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的高钛盐酸浸出渣, 其特征在于所述浸出渣的比重为 2.9—
3.6。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的高钛盐酸浸出渣, 其中步骤 a所述盐酸浸出法为盐酸直接 浸取法, 或为 BCA盐酸浸取法, 或为预氧化-流态化常压浸出法, 或为预氧化-选冶联合 加压浸出法。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的高钛盐酸浸出渣,其中所述盐酸直接浸取法包括如下步骤:
A、 混合钛铁矿与盐酸, 钛铁矿质量与盐酸溶液的体积比为 lg: 2.5ml〜5ml, 盐酸浓 度为 18%〜30%, 加热至 70°C〜150°C进行浸出反应, 反应时间为 1〜8小时;
B、 浸出浆过滤, 干燥所得固体, 该固体即为高钛盐酸浸出渣。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的高钛盐酸浸出渣, 其中步骤 B中浸出浆先冷却至 80-90°C 再过滤。
7、根据权利要求 5或 6所述的高钛盐酸浸出渣, 其中步骤 B中, 干燥时控制温度低 于 350°C, 干燥时间 4-8小时。
8、 权利要求 1所述的高钛盐酸浸出渣作为原料在硫酸法制备钛白粉中的应用。
9、 钛白粉的制备方法, 其特征在于将权利要求 1所述的高钛盐酸浸出渣作为原料, 通过硫酸法制备钛白粉。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的钛白粉的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述硫酸法包括酸解 步骤, 酸解过程由以下步骤完成:
A、 混合硫酸与高钛盐酸浸出渣, 加热至 130-200°C后控制加热保持温度让反应继续 进行; 其中酸渣比以重量计为 1.4〜1.9: 1 ;
B、 反应后得到粘稠状固态混合物;
C、 将该混合物置于 140-220°C中熟化 1-4小时, 冷却, 加温水, 加水量为硫酸体积 的 2-3倍;
D、 搅拌至固态混合物溶解, 过滤得钛液。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的钛白粉的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述硫酸法的酸解方 法包括如下步骤:
A、 混合硫酸与高钛盐酸浸出渣, 加热至 130-200°C后控制加热保持温度让反应继续 进行; 其中酸渣比以重量计为 1.4〜1.9: 1 ;
B、 反应后得到粘稠状固态混合物;
C、 将该混合物置于 140-220 °C中熟化 1-4小时, 冷却, 加入 60-70 °C 20%稀硫酸溶 解熟化、 冷却得到的固态化合物, 再加水, 加水量按 200 g/L TiO2计;
D、 搅拌至固态混合物溶解, 过滤得钛液。
12、 根据权利要求 10或 11所述的钛白粉的制备方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 A所用硫 酸浓度为 55-98%。
13、 根据权利要求 10或 11所述的钛白粉的制备方法, 其特征在于: 在步骤 A控制 加热后再搅拌 5-240分钟。
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ZHOU, XIAODONG ET AL.: "The Study of Producing Acid Dissoluble Rich Ilmenite Concentrate by "Microwave Irradiation-Hydrochloric Acid Immerse"", JOURNAL OF KUNMING TECHNICAL COLLEGE OF ETALLURGY, vol. 10, no. 2, December 1994 (1994-12-01), pages 102 - 110, XP008159391 *

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN104030346A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2014-09-10 安徽金星钛白(集团)有限公司 一种高白度金红石型钛白粉的制备方法

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US20120227628A1 (en) 2012-09-13
RU2012107645A (ru) 2013-10-10
EP2474633A1 (en) 2012-07-11
RU2518860C2 (ru) 2014-06-10
AU2010291627A1 (en) 2012-03-29
CN101935063B (zh) 2012-01-25
JP2013503803A (ja) 2013-02-04
EP2474633A4 (en) 2013-05-01
AU2010291627B2 (en) 2015-07-23
CN101935063A (zh) 2011-01-05
CA2772576C (en) 2016-10-25
CA2772576A1 (en) 2011-03-10
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