WO2010081406A1 - Method for targeted trapping and killing insect pests - Google Patents

Method for targeted trapping and killing insect pests Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010081406A1
WO2010081406A1 PCT/CN2010/070114 CN2010070114W WO2010081406A1 WO 2010081406 A1 WO2010081406 A1 WO 2010081406A1 CN 2010070114 W CN2010070114 W CN 2010070114W WO 2010081406 A1 WO2010081406 A1 WO 2010081406A1
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Prior art keywords
light
pests
wavelength
led lamp
led
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PCT/CN2010/070114
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李抒智
杨卫桥
王峰
钱雯磊
王康平
周志疆
刘士辉
马可军
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上海半导体照明工程技术研究中心
上海孙桥农业科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2010081406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010081406A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
    • A01M29/06—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using visual means, e.g. scarecrows, moving elements, specific shapes, patterns or the like
    • A01M29/10—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using visual means, e.g. scarecrows, moving elements, specific shapes, patterns or the like using light sources, e.g. lasers or flashing lights
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
    • A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/22—Killing insects by electric means
    • A01M1/226—Killing insects by electric means by using waves, fields or rays, e.g. sound waves, microwaves, electric waves, magnetic fields, light rays

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of eliminating harmful insects, and in particular relates to a method for selectively trapping pests. Background technique
  • agriculture mainly relies on spraying pesticides to kill pests that harm crops. This not only pollutes air, water and soil, but also causes food, vegetables and fruits to be eaten with toxic substances of pesticides, endangering human health and affecting food safety. It is also easy to make pests become more and more resistant to drugs and fall into a vicious circle.
  • phototaxis is one of the important biological characteristics of many insects. It embodies the selection and adaptation of insects to environmental conditions and is the instinct of species in the long-term evolution process. There is a pigment on the retina of the phototropic insect that absorbs light of a particular wavelength and causes a photoreaction that stimulates the optic nerve and tends to the source. Based on this, in the pest prediction and comprehensive prevention and control, the phototaxis of insects has important application value.
  • the visible region of insects is more biased towards short-wavelength light than the visible region of humans (3900 ⁇ 7700 nm).
  • Most phototaxis insects prefer ultraviolet and violet waves with wavelengths from 330 to 400 nm, especially Lepidoptera and Coleoptera, which are more sensitive to light at this wavelength.
  • the effective distance and trapping rate of the trap light are closely related to the emission spectrum, luminous intensity, light, and insect physiological response of the light trap.
  • the effect of the emission spectrum is very obvious.
  • Many nighttime phototaxis insects have the strongest tropism for light waves with a wavelength of around 365 nm. In the spectrum of existing black light lamps with high-pressure insecticidal nets, the wavelength of 365 nm is quite rich. Therefore, the ability to attract insects is very strong.
  • the light emitted by the light source has a certain wavelength width range, in other words, not one.
  • a single-wavelength monochromatic light so in actual use, when using a trap light to kill a certain kind of pest, it may also kill a large number of its natural enemy insects (such as the ladybug I. , such as the Chinese ladybug, the big grasshopper and the grasshopper, etc., which are commonly known as "good worms and bad worms"; and, many times, attracting insects
  • the lamp not only plays a role in killing insects, but also plays the role of "attraction, insects, and even attracts insects that did not appear in the target field. Instead, the lights around the trap are called various types of bugs.” The enrichment of the district completely contradicts the original intention and intention of setting up the trap light.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for selectively trapping pests, wherein the illuminating source emits only a specific/specified wavelength of monochromatic light or a combination of several specific/specified wavelengths of monochromatic light, only for a certain Class or certain types of pests have "attractive" properties, which can avoid the "broad spectrum” attraction of various types of insects in the prior art, and use a combination of monochromatic light or monochromatic light of different wavelengths to carry out current high-risk pests. Targeted killing is a true ecological trap.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is: Providing a method for selectively trapping pests, comprising using a phototaxis of a pest to induce it, characterized by: utilizing a single spectral wavelength of the LED light emitting device, using an LED capable of emitting a specific/specified wavelength
  • the lamp is used to trap or drive a specified type of pest; the LED lamp described is a combined/composite light source composed of a plurality of LED light emitting devices.
  • the LED lamp described therein emits monochromatic light of at least one specific/specified wavelength of light.
  • the LED lamp described therein emits a combined monochromatic light composed of at least two specific/specified wavelengths of light.
  • an olfactory attractant carrying container is provided below the LED lamp.
  • the olfactory attractant includes sugar, vinegar, honey, onion, garlic leaves or pest female/androgen.
  • a pest killing device is disposed on the outer circumference and/or below the LED lamp; and the pest killing device includes a high voltage power grid, a reverse cone/maze insecticide or an insect bag.
  • Light waves have different lure attracting to different kinds of pests. For example, black light with a wavelength of 300-600 nm is more attractive to many pests than blue light, but it is less attractive to rice mosquitoes than blue light.
  • the existing "broad spectrum" trap light not only traps a large number of target pests, but also traps more non-target pests and neutral insects, especially those with more killing natural enemies.
  • the proportion of ladybugs and grasshoppers is relatively high, which leads to a decrease in the population and reduces the natural control power, thus limiting the ecological benefits and further application of light trapping/insecticidal.
  • the trapping efficiency of a trap light is affected by the environmental factors such as wind, rain, temperature, moonlight, etc., and more importantly, it is determined by the "effective distance” and "trapping rate" of the light. The farther away, the more distant pests can fly to the vicinity of the lamppost, and the higher the trapping rate, the more individual individuals in the effective range will be killed.
  • the technical solution of the present invention provides a method for selectively trapping pests, including utilizing pests
  • the phototaxis is used to trap it. It utilizes the spectral wavelength singleness of the LED light-emitting device, and uses a specific/specified wavelength LED lamp to trap or drive a specified type of pest; the LED lamp is illuminated by multiple LEDs.
  • a combined/composite source of components is used to trap it.
  • the LED lamp described therein emits monochromatic light of at least one specific/specified wavelength of light.
  • the LED lamp can emit a combination of monochromatic light consisting of at least two specific/specified wavelengths of light.
  • an olfactory attractant carrying container is disposed below the LED lamp; the olfactory attractant includes sugar, vinegar, honey, onion, garlic leaf or pest female/androgen.
  • a pest killing device is disposed on the outer circumference and/or below the LED lamp; and the pest killing device includes a high voltage power grid, a reverse cone/maze insecticide or an insect bag.
  • LED lamps consisting of LED series/parallel are two important indicators of their efficacy and luminous intensity. Common LED light-emitting diodes are white, red, green, blue, yellow, and transparent. The materials of the devices are different, and the peak wavelengths of the luminescence are also different.
  • the LED illuminator having the monochromatic light of a single specific/specified wavelength can be obtained as a conventional technique for manufacturing LED devices, which is not within the scope of the claimed invention, the specific methods and technical solutions are not described herein.
  • the LED insecticidal lamp in the technical solution utilizes the characteristics of phototaxis, tropism of the pest, and the tropism of the male and female moths, and adopts a monochromatic light/combined monochromatic light source and a killing device having a specific single wavelength/spectrum, Turn on the light source at night, use the light source to have a strong attraction to a certain pest, and induce the kind of pests to fly.
  • the Feipu light source touch the high-voltage power grid located outside the light source. At this time, the high-voltage power grid instantaneously discharges. Kill it and die.
  • insects can be used to send and receive sex hormone odor signals to attract other similar pests to fly to the insecticidal lamp, so that the pests are killed before the mating of the eggs, effectively Block the reproductive breeding chain of pests.
  • pest chemotaxis such as sputum on sweet substances, flies on sweet and sour vinegar and onion garlic leaves, cotton bollworm and tobacco budworm on molasses and other obvious traits. Below the LED lights, use a pot of sugar, vinegar, honey, etc. to trap.
  • the phototaxis of different pests is different for different light sources.
  • the technical solution is to use a combination of monochromatic light or monochromatic light of different wavelengths to specifically kill the currently high-risk pests.
  • the LED insecticidal lamp it has strong selective trapping characteristics for noctuids, large mosquitoes and moths.
  • the specific/specified wavelength LED lamp is superior to the black light in the total amount of attracting insects.
  • the yellow light and the red light LED have the characteristics of deworming, in order to reduce the harm of vegetables and field crop pests, and avoid the abuse of farmers due to serious pests.
  • Pesticides cause excessive pesticide residues in crops, minimize or eliminate pesticides, maintain ecological balance, increase farmers' economic benefits, and allow citizens to eat pollution-free vegetables and high-quality agricultural products. It is recommended to install appropriate amounts of LEDs in pollution-free vegetable bases and organic agricultural production bases.
  • the lamp acts as a pesticidal lamp, killing the pest before or expelling it.
  • the use of LED lights as a light source for insecticidal lamps has significantly reduced system costs.
  • LED lamps have long life and high frequency flicker and are not easily damaged.
  • PWM technology high-frequency oscillating LED lamps are used to change the spectral wavelength of the output light to attract pests. Its economic, ecological and social benefits are significant, and it has a good prospect of promotion in pest control.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

A method for targeted trapping and killing insect pests involves the technical field of killing insect pests. With the monochromaticity of wavelength of the spectrum emitted from light emitting diode (LED), the method traps, kills or repels designated insect pests using the LED lamp which can emit specific wavelengths, in which the LED lamp with combined light source is consisted of a plurality of light-emitting devices. The light source attracts certain type(s) of pests by emitting monochromatic light with specific wavelength or monochromatic light combination with certain kinds of wavelength. The method is targeted to kill high incidence of pests through monochromatic light or monochromatic light combination with certain kinds of wavelength, thus avoiding the weakness of attracting broad-spectrum insects compared to prior art. The invention is suitable for a wide range of applications of agriculture and forest areas of catching, killing or repelling pests.

Description

选择性诱杀害虫的方法 本申请要求于 2009 年 1 月 16 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200910045469.6、 发明名称为"采用单色 LED灯对害虫进行选择性诱杀的 方法"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域  Method for selectively trapping pests This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on January 16, 2009, the Chinese Patent Office, Application No. 200910045469.6, entitled "Method for Selective Bolusing of Pests Using Monochrome LED Lamps" The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical field
本发明属于消灭有害昆虫的技术领域， 尤其涉及一种选择性诱杀害虫 的方法。 背景技术  The invention belongs to the technical field of eliminating harmful insects, and in particular relates to a method for selectively trapping pests. Background technique
目前在农业上通常主要靠喷施农药杀灭危害农作物的害虫， 这不仅污 染空气、 水源和土壤， 还使人们食用的粮食、 蔬菜和水果残留着农药的有 毒物质， 危害人体健康， 影响食品安全， 还易使害虫产生越来越强的抗药 性， 陷入恶性循环。  At present, agriculture mainly relies on spraying pesticides to kill pests that harm crops. This not only pollutes air, water and soil, but also causes food, vegetables and fruits to be eaten with toxic substances of pesticides, endangering human health and affecting food safety. It is also easy to make pests become more and more resistant to drugs and fall into a vicious circle.
众所周知， 趋光性为众多昆虫的重要生物学特征之一， 它体现着昆虫 对环境条件的选择和适应， 是物种在长期演化过程中所形成的本能。 在趋 光性昆虫的视网膜上有一种色素， 它能够吸收某一特殊波长的光并引起光 反应， 刺激视觉神经而趋向光源。基于此， 在害虫预测预报及综合防治中， 昆虫的趋光性具有重要的应用价值。  It is well known that phototaxis is one of the important biological characteristics of many insects. It embodies the selection and adaptation of insects to environmental conditions and is the instinct of species in the long-term evolution process. There is a pigment on the retina of the phototropic insect that absorbs light of a particular wavelength and causes a photoreaction that stimulates the optic nerve and tends to the source. Based on this, in the pest prediction and comprehensive prevention and control, the phototaxis of insects has important application value.
昆虫的可见光区要比人类的可见光区（ 3900~7700 nm) 更偏向于短波 段光。 大多数趋光性昆虫喜好波长 330 ~ 400 nm 的紫外光波和紫光波， 特 别是鳞翅目和鞘翅目昆虫对这一波段波长的光线更为敏感。  The visible region of insects is more biased towards short-wavelength light than the visible region of humans (3900~7700 nm). Most phototaxis insects prefer ultraviolet and violet waves with wavelengths from 330 to 400 nm, especially Lepidoptera and Coleoptera, which are more sensitive to light at this wavelength.
根据昆虫的这一特点， 人们已经专门设计出各种诱虫灯， 以便能对大 多数害虫作测报和诱杀； 比如， 黑光灯、 紫外灯等。  According to this characteristic of insects, various traps have been specially designed so that most pests can be measured and trapped; for example, black light, ultraviolet light, and the like.
诱虫灯的有效距离和诱捕率与诱虫灯的发射光谱、 发光强度、 光亮， 以及昆虫生理反应有密切的关系。 发射光谱的作用非常明显， 许多夜间趋 光的昆虫对波长为 365nm左右的光波有最强的趋性， 而在现有的带高压杀 虫网的黑光灯的光谱中， 365nm的波长相当丰富， 故诱虫能力很强。  The effective distance and trapping rate of the trap light are closely related to the emission spectrum, luminous intensity, light, and insect physiological response of the light trap. The effect of the emission spectrum is very obvious. Many nighttime phototaxis insects have the strongest tropism for light waves with a wavelength of around 365 nm. In the spectrum of existing black light lamps with high-pressure insecticidal nets, the wavelength of 365 nm is quite rich. Therefore, the ability to attract insects is very strong.
但是， 现有技术中不论是黑光灯、 紫外线光灯或其他种类光源的诱虫 灯， 由于其发光源所发出光线均有一定波长宽度范围， 换句话说， 不是一 种单一波长的单色光， 所以在实际使用时， 在利用诱虫灯杀灭某类 （种） 害虫的同时， 也可能杀死大量其天敌虫类 （诸如瓢虫类的龟纹 I ^虫、 异色 瓢虫和七星瓢虫等以及草蛉类的中华通草蛉、 大草蛉和丽草蛉等， 即俗话 所说的 "好虫子、 坏虫子一起杀死" 了； 而且， 很多时候诱虫灯不光起到 杀虫的作用， 还起到 "吸引，， 虫子的作用， 甚至使得原本没有在目标田中 出现的虫子也被吸引了过来， 反而使得诱虫灯的周围称为各类虫子的 "富 集" 区， 完全违背了设置诱虫灯的初衷和意图。 发明内容 However, in the prior art, whether it is a black light, an ultraviolet light or a light source of other kinds, the light emitted by the light source has a certain wavelength width range, in other words, not one. A single-wavelength monochromatic light, so in actual use, when using a trap light to kill a certain kind of pest, it may also kill a large number of its natural enemy insects (such as the ladybug I. , such as the Chinese ladybug, the big grasshopper and the grasshopper, etc., which are commonly known as "good worms and bad worms"; and, many times, attracting insects The lamp not only plays a role in killing insects, but also plays the role of "attraction, insects, and even attracts insects that did not appear in the target field. Instead, the lights around the trap are called various types of bugs." The enrichment of the district completely contradicts the original intention and intention of setting up the trap light.
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 其发 光源只发出某种特定 /指定波长的单色光或几种特定 /指定波长的组合单色 光， 只对某一类或某几类害虫具有 "吸引" 性， 可以避免现有技术中对各 类昆虫的 "广谱"吸引性， 利用不同波长的单色光或单色光组合 LED灯对 当前高发的害虫进行有针对性的杀灭， 是一种真正的生态型诱虫灯。  The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for selectively trapping pests, wherein the illuminating source emits only a specific/specified wavelength of monochromatic light or a combination of several specific/specified wavelengths of monochromatic light, only for a certain Class or certain types of pests have "attractive" properties, which can avoid the "broad spectrum" attraction of various types of insects in the prior art, and use a combination of monochromatic light or monochromatic light of different wavelengths to carry out current high-risk pests. Targeted killing is a true ecological trap.
本发明的技术方案是： 提供一种选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 包括利用害 虫的趋光性对其进行诱杀， 其特征是： 利用 LED发光器件的光谱波长单 一性， 采用可发出特定 /指定波长的 LED灯对指定种类的害虫进行诱杀或 驱赶； 其所述的 LED灯为由多个 LED 发光器件构成的组合 /复合式光源。  The technical scheme of the present invention is: Providing a method for selectively trapping pests, comprising using a phototaxis of a pest to induce it, characterized by: utilizing a single spectral wavelength of the LED light emitting device, using an LED capable of emitting a specific/specified wavelength The lamp is used to trap or drive a specified type of pest; the LED lamp described is a combined/composite light source composed of a plurality of LED light emitting devices.
其所述的 LED灯可发出至少一种特定 /指定波长光的单色光。  The LED lamp described therein emits monochromatic light of at least one specific/specified wavelength of light.
其所述的 LED灯可发出由至少两种特定 /指定波长的光构成的组合单 色光。  The LED lamp described therein emits a combined monochromatic light composed of at least two specific/specified wavelengths of light.
在所述 LED灯的下方， 设置嗅觉吸引剂承载容器。  Below the LED lamp, an olfactory attractant carrying container is provided.
所述的嗅觉吸引剂包括糖、 醋、 蜜、 葱、 蒜叶或害虫雌 /雄性激素。 在所述 LED灯的外周和 /或下方， 设置害虫灭杀装置； 其所述的害虫 灭杀装置包括高压电网、 倒锥形 /迷宫式杀虫器或接虫袋。  The olfactory attractant includes sugar, vinegar, honey, onion, garlic leaves or pest female/androgen. A pest killing device is disposed on the outer circumference and/or below the LED lamp; and the pest killing device includes a high voltage power grid, a reverse cone/maze insecticide or an insect bag.
与现有技术比较， 本发明的优点是：  Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:
1. 利用不同波长的单色光或单色光组合 LED灯， 对当前高发的某类 (种） 害虫进行有针对性的分类杀灭；  1. Using a combination of monochromatic light or monochromatic light of different wavelengths to carry out targeted classification and killing of certain current types of pests;
2. 利用 LED发光器件的发光特性， 可以容易地得到单一波长的光线， 方便地实现了选择性杀虫， 真正实现生态型诱虫； 3. 由于 LED照明技术的成熟性， 使得本发明的整个技术方案很容易 实现， 实施成本低廉， 易于为广大务农人员所接受。 具体实施方式 2. Using the illuminating characteristics of the LED illuminating device, a single wavelength of light can be easily obtained, and the selective insecticidal action is conveniently realized, and the ecological trap is realized truly; 3. Due to the maturity of the LED lighting technology, the entire technical solution of the present invention is easy to implement, the implementation cost is low, and it is easy for the majority of farmers to accept. detailed description
下面对本发明做进一步说明。  The invention is further illustrated below.
研究表明， 许多昆虫对光有趋向性， 尤其是对波长为 365 nm 的光波 趋性极强。黑光灯光谱中 365nm 波长附近的光线相当丰富，故对大多数害 虫来说， 黑光灯对害虫的引诱效果比日光灯好， 蓝光灯的引诱效果比红光 灯好。  Studies have shown that many insects tend to be light, especially for light waves with a wavelength of 365 nm. In the black light spectrum, the light near the 365 nm wavelength is quite rich, so for most pests, the black light has better lure effect on the pest than the fluorescent light, and the blue light has better lure effect than the red light.
光波对不同种类害虫引诱力也不一样， 例如， 发光波长为 300~600 nm 光波的黑光灯对于许多害虫的引诱性大于蓝光灯， 但对于稻瘿蚊的引诱性 却不如蓝光灯。  Light waves have different lure attracting to different kinds of pests. For example, black light with a wavelength of 300-600 nm is more attractive to many pests than blue light, but it is less attractive to rice mosquitoes than blue light.
Mikkola对 18种鳞翅目昆虫进行的研究发现，昆虫复眼对黄绿光最敏 感， 对紫外线耐受能力最差； 蚜虫对黄色、 橙色有强烈的趋性， 对银灰色 则有忌避性； 人们常常用橙、 黄、 绿、 蓝、 紫和紫外光（ 因为昆虫看不见 红光， 所以一般不采用红光） 来诱捕大量有害昆虫、 侦测虫害发生的时间 与严重程度。  Mikkola's study of 18 species of lepidopteran found that insect compound eyes are most sensitive to yellow-green light and have the least resistance to ultraviolet light; aphids have strong tropism for yellow and orange, and repellent for silver-gray; Orange, yellow, green, blue, purple and ultraviolet light (because insects do not see red light, so generally do not use red light) to trap a large number of harmful insects, detect the time and severity of the occurrence of pests.
瓢虫类（龟纹 虫、 异色 虫、 七星瓢虫等）和草蛉类（中华通草蛉、 大草蛉、 丽草蛉等）是我国农田、 果园等多种生态***的捕食性天敌优势 类群， 在害虫的自然控制中发挥着主导作用。  Ladybugs (Turtle worm, Heterochromatic worm, Coccinellidae, etc.) and grasshoppers (Zhonghua Tongcao, Dacao, Licao, etc.) are predatory natural enemies of various ecosystems such as farmland and orchard in China. , plays a leading role in the natural control of pests.
据多种植被相的灯下调查发现， 现有 "广谱" 诱虫灯的灯光不但诱杀 大量目标害虫， 也诱杀较多的非目标害虫和中性昆虫， 尤其是杀伤较多的 天敌昆虫，其中瓢虫类和草蛉类数量所占比例较高，导致其种群数量下降， 降低了自然控制力量，从而限制了灯光诱 /杀虫应有的生态效益和进一步应 用。  According to the survey of various vegetation phases, the existing "broad spectrum" trap light not only traps a large number of target pests, but also traps more non-target pests and neutral insects, especially those with more killing natural enemies. Among them, the proportion of ladybugs and grasshoppers is relatively high, which leads to a decrease in the population and reduces the natural control power, thus limiting the ecological benefits and further application of light trapping/insecticidal.
一种诱虫灯的诱虫效率除了受风、 雨、 温度、 月光等立地环境因素的 影响外， 更主要的是由灯光的 "有效距离"和"诱捕率"这两项指标所决定， 有效距离越远， 能使越远地方的害虫飞到灯架附近， 诱捕率越高， 使有效 范围内的害虫总数中有更多的个体上灯被捕杀。  The trapping efficiency of a trap light is affected by the environmental factors such as wind, rain, temperature, moonlight, etc., and more importantly, it is determined by the "effective distance" and "trapping rate" of the light. The farther away, the more distant pests can fly to the vicinity of the lamppost, and the higher the trapping rate, the more individual individuals in the effective range will be killed.
本发明的技术方案提供了一种选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 包括利用害虫 的趋光性对其进行诱杀， 其利用 LED发光器件的光谱波长单一性， 采用 可发出特定 /指定波长的 LED灯对指定种类的害虫进行诱杀或驱赶； 其所 述的 LED灯为由多个 LED发光器件构成的组合 /复合式光源。 The technical solution of the present invention provides a method for selectively trapping pests, including utilizing pests The phototaxis is used to trap it. It utilizes the spectral wavelength singleness of the LED light-emitting device, and uses a specific/specified wavelength LED lamp to trap or drive a specified type of pest; the LED lamp is illuminated by multiple LEDs. A combined/composite source of components.
其所述的 LED灯可发出至少一种特定 /指定波长光的单色光。  The LED lamp described therein emits monochromatic light of at least one specific/specified wavelength of light.
或者， 所述的 LED灯可发出由至少两种特定 /指定波长的光构成的组 合单色光。  Alternatively, the LED lamp can emit a combination of monochromatic light consisting of at least two specific/specified wavelengths of light.
进一步地， 在所述 LED灯的下方， 设置嗅觉吸引剂承载容器； 其嗅觉 吸引剂包括糖、 醋、 蜜、 葱、 蒜叶或害虫雌 /雄性激素。  Further, below the LED lamp, an olfactory attractant carrying container is disposed; the olfactory attractant includes sugar, vinegar, honey, onion, garlic leaf or pest female/androgen.
进一步地， 在所述 LED灯的外周和 /或下方， 设置害虫灭杀装置； 其 所述的害虫灭杀装置包括高压电网、 倒锥形 /迷宫式杀虫器或接虫袋。  Further, a pest killing device is disposed on the outer circumference and/or below the LED lamp; and the pest killing device includes a high voltage power grid, a reverse cone/maze insecticide or an insect bag.
由发光二极管串 /并联组成的 LED灯， 其光效和发光强度是 2 项重要 的指标。 常见的 LED发光二极管有白、 红、 绿、 蓝、 黄和透明等色种， 其器件的材料不同， 发光峰值波长也不同。  LED lamps consisting of LED series/parallel are two important indicators of their efficacy and luminous intensity. Common LED light-emitting diodes are white, red, green, blue, yellow, and transparent. The materials of the devices are different, and the peak wavelengths of the luminescence are also different.
由于如何获得具有可发出单一特定 /指定波长光单色光的 LED发光器 件属于 LED器件制造的常规技术， 不属于本发明请求保护的范围，故其具 体方法和技术方案在此不再叙述。  Since the LED illuminator having the monochromatic light of a single specific/specified wavelength can be obtained as a conventional technique for manufacturing LED devices, which is not within the scope of the claimed invention, the specific methods and technical solutions are not described herein.
本技术方案中的 LED杀虫灯是利用害虫的趋光性、趋波性、雌雄飞蛾 趋性等特点，采用具有特定单一波长 /光谱的单色光 /组合单色光光源和灭杀 装置， 在夜间开启光源， 利用光源对某种害虫具有的较强引诱力， 将该类 害虫引诱飞来， 在飞朴光源过程中， 使之触到设在光源***的高压电网， 此时高压电网瞬间放电将其击杀死亡。 在该诱捕过程中， 又可利用同种昆 虫雌雄间相互发出和接受性激素气味信号吸引， 吸引其他同类害虫飞向杀 虫灯， 使害虫在未经交尾产卵前即被灭杀， 达到有效地阻断害虫的生殖繁 育链。又可利用害虫趋化性（如蝼蛄对香甜物质，种蝇对糖醋和葱蒜叶， 棉 铃虫和烟夜蛾对糖蜜等明显的趋性）。 在 LED灯的下方， 利用糖、 醋、 蜜 等药盆进行诱杀。  The LED insecticidal lamp in the technical solution utilizes the characteristics of phototaxis, tropism of the pest, and the tropism of the male and female moths, and adopts a monochromatic light/combined monochromatic light source and a killing device having a specific single wavelength/spectrum, Turn on the light source at night, use the light source to have a strong attraction to a certain pest, and induce the kind of pests to fly. In the process of the Feipu light source, touch the high-voltage power grid located outside the light source. At this time, the high-voltage power grid instantaneously discharges. Kill it and die. In the trapping process, the same kind of insects can be used to send and receive sex hormone odor signals to attract other similar pests to fly to the insecticidal lamp, so that the pests are killed before the mating of the eggs, effectively Block the reproductive breeding chain of pests. It is also possible to use pest chemotaxis (such as sputum on sweet substances, flies on sweet and sour vinegar and onion garlic leaves, cotton bollworm and tobacco budworm on molasses and other obvious traits). Below the LED lights, use a pot of sugar, vinegar, honey, etc. to trap.
不同的害虫对不同光源的趋光性是不一样的， 本技术方案就是利用不 同波长的单色光或单色光组合 LED 灯对当前高发的害虫进行有针对性的 杀灭。 根据 LED杀虫灯对夜蛾类、大蚊类、螟蛾类有较强的选择性诱杀特点。 并且特定 /指定波长的 LED灯在诱虫总量上优于黑光灯， 黄光及红光 LED 又具有驱虫作用的特性， 为减轻蔬菜及大田作物害虫的危害， 避免农民因 虫害严重而滥用农药造成农作物农药残留超标， 尽量减少或不使用农药， 维护生态平衡， 让农民增加经济效益， 让市民吃上无公害蔬菜及优质农产 品，建议在无公害蔬菜基地及有机农产品生产基地安装适量的 LED灯作为 杀虫灯， 将害虫杀灭在产卵之前或将其驱逐。 采用 LED 灯作为杀虫灯的 光源， 大幅度地降低了***成本。 The phototaxis of different pests is different for different light sources. The technical solution is to use a combination of monochromatic light or monochromatic light of different wavelengths to specifically kill the currently high-risk pests. According to the LED insecticidal lamp, it has strong selective trapping characteristics for noctuids, large mosquitoes and moths. And the specific/specified wavelength LED lamp is superior to the black light in the total amount of attracting insects. The yellow light and the red light LED have the characteristics of deworming, in order to reduce the harm of vegetables and field crop pests, and avoid the abuse of farmers due to serious pests. Pesticides cause excessive pesticide residues in crops, minimize or eliminate pesticides, maintain ecological balance, increase farmers' economic benefits, and allow citizens to eat pollution-free vegetables and high-quality agricultural products. It is recommended to install appropriate amounts of LEDs in pollution-free vegetable bases and organic agricultural production bases. The lamp acts as a pesticidal lamp, killing the pest before or expelling it. The use of LED lights as a light source for insecticidal lamps has significantly reduced system costs.
利用 LED 灯的寿命较长、 高频率闪烁也不易损坏的特点， 通过 PWM 技术， 制成高频振荡的 LED 灯， 改变其输出光的光谱波长，对害虫有针对 性的吸引。 其经济、 生态、 社会效益显著， 在害虫防治工作中具有良好的 推广前景。  LED lamps have long life and high frequency flicker and are not easily damaged. Through the PWM technology, high-frequency oscillating LED lamps are used to change the spectral wavelength of the output light to attract pests. Its economic, ecological and social benefits are significant, and it has a good prospect of promotion in pest control.
特别地， 申请人认为， 对该技术领域的普通技术人员来说， 根据以上 技术方案和实施例，可以很容易地联想到其他的等同替换和 /或变形。因此， 本发明并不局限于上述具体实施例， 其仅仅作为例子对本发明的技术方案 进行详细的和 /或示范性的说明。  In particular, Applicants believe that other equivalents and/or variations may be readily conceived by one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the above teachings and embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and it is described in detail and/or exemplarily by way of example only.
在不背离本发明宗旨的范围内， 本领域的普通技术人员， 可以根据上 述技术方案和 /或具体实施例， 通过各种等同替换， 得到具有相同或相近似 技术功能的技术方案， 但是这些技术方案均应该包含在本发明的权利要求 的范围及其等同的范围之内。 本发明可广泛用于农、 林业的捕捉 /杀灭 /驱除有害昆虫领域。  Those skilled in the art can obtain technical solutions having the same or similar technical functions according to the above technical solutions and/or specific embodiments, without departing from the gist of the present invention, but these techniques are available. The scope of the invention should be construed as being included in the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof. The invention can be widely used in the field of capturing/killing/repelling harmful insects in agriculture and forestry.

Claims

权 利 要 求 Rights request
1.选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 包括利用害虫的趋光性对其进行诱杀， 其 特征是：  1. A method for selectively trapping pests, including using the phototaxis of pests to induce them, characterized by:
利用 LED发光器件的光谱波长单一性， 采用可发出特定 /指定波长的 LED灯对指定种类的害虫进行诱杀或驱赶；  Utilizing the spectral wavelength of LED light-emitting devices, LEDs that emit specific/specified wavelengths can be used to trap or drive out specified types of pests;
其所述的 LED灯为由多个 LED发光器件构成的组合 /复合式光源。 The LED lamp described therein is a combined/composite light source composed of a plurality of LED light emitting devices.
2. 按照权利要求 1 所述的选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 其特征是所述的 LED灯可发出至少一种特定 /指定波长光的单色光。 2. A method of selectively trapping pests according to claim 1 wherein said LED lamp emits monochromatic light of at least one specific/specified wavelength of light.
3. 按照权利要求 1 所述的选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 其特征是所述的 LED灯可发出由至少两种特定 /指定波长的光构成的组合单色光。  3. A method of selectively trapping pests according to claim 1 wherein said LED lamp emits a combination of monochromatic light comprised of at least two specific/specified wavelengths of light.
4. 按照权利要求 1 所述的选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 其特征是在所述 LED灯的下方， 设置嗅觉吸引剂承载容器。  4. A method of selectively trapping pests according to claim 1, wherein an olfactory attractant carrying container is disposed below said LED lamp.
5. 按照权利要求 8所述的选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 其特征是所述的嗅 觉吸引剂包括糖、 醋、 蜜、 葱、 蒜叶或害虫雌 /雄性激素。  5. A method of selectively trapping pests according to claim 8, wherein said olfactory attractant comprises sugar, vinegar, honey, onion, garlic or pest female/androgen.
6. 按照权利要求 1 所述的选择性诱杀害虫的方法， 其特征是在所述 6. The method of selectively trapping pests according to claim 1, wherein said
LED灯的外周和 /或下方，设置害虫灭杀装置； 其所述的害虫灭杀装置包括 高压电网、 倒锥形 /迷宫式杀虫器或接虫袋。 A pest killing device is disposed on the outer circumference and/or below the LED lamp; the pest killing device includes a high voltage power grid, a reverse cone/maze insecticide or an insect bag.
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